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Practical Considerations for Translating Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles from Bench to Bed. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081684. [PMID: 36015310 PMCID: PMC9414392 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have shown potential for the treatment of tendon and ligament injuries. This approach can eliminate the need to transplant live cells to the human body, thereby reducing issues related to the maintenance of cell viability and stability and potential erroneous differentiation of transplanted cells to bone or tumor. Despite these advantages, there are practical issues that need to be considered for successful clinical application of MSC-EV-based products in the treatment of tendon and ligament injuries. This review aims to discuss the general and tissue-specific considerations for manufacturing MSC-EVs for clinical translation. Specifically, we will discuss Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)-compliant manufacturing and quality control (parent cell source, culture conditions, concentration method, quantity, identity, purity and impurities, sterility, potency, reproducibility, storage and formulation), as well as safety and efficacy issues. Special considerations for applying MSC-EVs, such as their compatibility with arthroscopy for the treatment of tendon and ligament injuries, are also highlighted.
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Recent advances in microneedle designs and their applications in drug and cosmeceutical delivery. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Bui VD, Son S, Xavier W, Nguyen VQ, Jung JM, Lee J, Shin S, Um W, An JY, Kim CH, Song Y, Li Y, Park JH. Dissolving microneedles for long-term storage and transdermal delivery of extracellular vesicles. Biomaterials 2022; 287:121644. [PMID: 35772350 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown great potential in disease diagnosis and treatment; however, their clinical applications remain challenging due to their unsatisfactory long-term stability and the lack of effective delivery strategies. In this study, we prepared human adipose stem cell-derived EV (hASC-EV)-loaded hyaluronic acid dissolving microneedles (EV@MN) to investigate the feasibility of EVs for their clinical applications. The biological activities of the EVs in this formulation were maintained for more than six months under mild storage conditions, especially at temperatures lower than 4 °C. Moreover, the EV@MN enabled precise and convenient intradermal delivery for sustained release of EVs in the dermis layer. Therefore, EV@MN significantly improved the biological functions of hASC-EVs on dermal fibroblasts by promoting syntheses of proteins for the extracellular matrix such as collagen and elastin, enhancing fibroblast proliferation, and regulating the phenotype of fibroblast, compared with other administration methods. This research revealed a possible and feasible formulation for the clinical application of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Dat Bui
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Son
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Wilbin Xavier
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Van Quy Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Min Jung
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungmi Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol Shin
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooram Um
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yoon An
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Ho Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeari Song
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuce Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Hyung Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Xu T, Lin Y, Yu X, Jiang G, Wang J, Xu K, Fang J, Wang S, Dai X. Comparative Effects of Exosomes and Ectosomes Isolated From Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Achilles Tendinopathy in a Rat Model. Am J Sports Med 2022; 50:2740-2752. [PMID: 35867349 DOI: 10.1177/03635465221108972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs) have gained momentum as a treatment for tendinopathy. Multiple studies have demonstrated significant differences in cargo composition between the 2 subtypes of MSC-EVs (ie, exosomes and ectosomes), which may result in different therapeutic effects. However, the effects of the 2 EV subtypes on tendinopathy have not yet been compared. PURPOSE To compare the effects of adipose stem cell-derived exosomes (ASC-Exos) and ectosomes (ASC-Ectos) on Achilles tendinopathy. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS Rats were administered collagenase injections to generate a model of Achilles tendinopathy. A week later, 36 rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups. In each group, Achilles tendons were injected with equal volumes of ASC-Exos, ASC-Ectos, or saline (12 legs/group). The healing outcomes were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging, histology, immunohistochemistry, transmission electron microscopy, and biomechanical testing at 3 and 5 weeks after collagenase injection. RESULTS At 3 and 5 weeks, the ASC-Exo group had better histological scores (P = .0036 and P = .0276, respectively), a lower fibril density (P < .0001 and P = .0310, respectively), and a larger collagen diameter (P = .0052 and P < .0001, respectively) than the ASC-Ecto group. At 5 weeks, the expression of collagen type 1 and CD206 in the ASC-Exo group was significantly higher than that in the ASC-Ecto group (P = .0025 and P = .0010, respectively). Regarding biomechanical testing, the ASC-Exo group showed higher failure load (P = .0005), tensile stress (P < .0001), and elastic modulus (P < .0001) than the ASC-Ecto group. CONCLUSION ASC-Exos had more beneficial effects on tendon repair than ASC-Ectos in a rat model of Achilles tendinopathy. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Administration of ASC-EVs may have the potential to treat Achilles tendinopathy, and delivery of ASC-Exos could provide additional benefits. It is necessary to compare the healing responses caused by different EV subtypes to further understand their effects on tendinopathy and to aid clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengjing Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Yunting Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Xinning Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Guangyao Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Jiajie Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Kaiwang Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Jinghua Fang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Siheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Xuesong Dai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, PR China
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Yerneni SS, Yalcintas EP, Smith JD, Averick S, Campbell PG, Ozdoganlar OB. Skin-targeted delivery of extracellular vesicle-encapsulated curcumin using dissolvable microneedle arrays. Acta Biomater 2022; 149:198-212. [PMID: 35809788 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic benefits of curcumin for inflammatory diseases have been demonstrated. However, curcumin's potential as a clinical therapeutic has been hindered due to its low solubility and stability in vivo. We hypothesized that a hybrid curcumin carrier that incorporates albumin-binding and extracellular vesicle (EV) encapsulation could effectively address the current challenges of curcumin delivery. We further postulated that using dissolvable microneedle arrays (dMNAs) for local delivery of curcumin-albumin-EVs (CA-EVs) could effectively control skin inflammation in vivo. Mild sonication was used to encapsulate curcumin and albumin into EVs, and the resulting CA-EVs were integrated into tip-loaded dMNAs. In vitro and in vivo studies were performed to assess the stability, cellular uptake, and anti-inflammatory bioactivity of dMNA-delivered CA-EVs. Curcumin in CA-EVs exhibited at least five-fold higher stability in vitro than naïve curcumin or curcumin-EVs without albumin. Incorporating CA-EVs into dMNAs did not alter their cellular uptake or anti-inflammatory bioactivity. The dMNA embedded CA-EVs retained their bioactivity when stored at room temperature for at least 12 months. In rat and mice models, dMNA delivered CA-EVs suppressed and significantly reduced lipopolysaccharide and Imiquimod-triggered inflammation. We conclude that dMNA delivery of CA-EVs has the potential to become an effective local-delivery strategy for inflammatory skin diseases. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: We introduce and evaluate a skin-targeted delivery system for curcumin that synergistically combines albumin association, extracellular-vesicle encapsulation, and dissolvable microneedle arrays (dMNAs) . In vitro, curcumin-albumin encapsulated extracellular vesicles (CA-EVs) inhibit and reverse the LPS-triggered expression of inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB. The integration of CA-EVs into dMNAs does not affect them physically or functionally. Importantly, dMNAs extend EV storage stability for at least 12 months at room temperature with minimal loss in their bioactivity. We demonstrate that dMNA delivered CA-EVs effectively block and reverse skin inflammation in vivo in mouse and rat models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ezgi P Yalcintas
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jason D Smith
- Engineering Research Accelerator, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Saadyah Averick
- Neuroscience Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.; Neuroscience Disruptive Research Lab, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Phil G Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Engineering Research Accelerator, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - O Burak Ozdoganlar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Material Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Chen H, Sun T, Jiang C. Extracellular vesicle-based macromolecule delivery systems in cancer immunotherapy. J Control Release 2022; 348:572-589. [PMID: 35714733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Great attention has been paid to the impressive role the macromolecules played in cancer immunotherapy, however, the applications were largely limited by their poor circulation stability, low cellular uptake efficiency, and off-target effects. As an important messenger of intercellular communication, extracellular vesicles (EVs) exhibit unique advantages in macromolecule delivery compared to traditional synthetic carriers, offering new possibilities for modern drug delivery. These naturally derived carriers can achieve stable, efficient, and selective delivery of macromolecules and improve the efficacy and potentiality of macromolecular drugs in cancer immunotherapy. This review provides a brief overview of the unique features of EVs related to macromolecule delivery, the strategies and recent advances of using EVs as macromolecule delivery carriers in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Credit authorship contribution statementHengrui Zhang: designed experiments, data curation, writing-original draft; Wenya Jiang, Yaou Peng, Xiaoying Chu, Ziyue Long, Renlong Li, Qiuwei Liang, Hao Suo, Shuting Wang, Mei Yang: performed experiments and data curation; Jie Yang, Ying-Wei Yang, Dan Ding, Ji Qi, Bailiang Wang: funding acquisition, writing- review & editing.Killing three birds with one stone: Near-infrared light triggered nitric oxide release for enhanced photodynamic and anti-inflammatory therapy in refractory keratitis. Biomaterials 2022; 286:121577. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Shang H, Younas A, Zhang N. Recent advances on transdermal delivery systems for the treatment of arthritic injuries: From classical treatment to nanomedicines. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1778. [PMID: 35112483 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Arthritic injuries happen frequently during a lifetime due to accidents, sports, aging, diseases, etc. Such injuries can be cartilage/bone injuries, tendon injuries, ligament injuries, inflammation, pain, and/or synovitis. Oral and injective administration of therapeutics are typically used but cause many side effects. Transdermal administration is an alternative route for safe and efficient delivery. Transdermal formulations of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been available on market for years and show promising efficacy in pain relieving, inflammation alleviation, infection control, and so on. Innovative transdermal patches, gels/films, and microneedles have also been widely explored as formulations to deliver therapeutics to combat arthritic injuries. However, transdermal formulations that halt disease progression and promote damage repair are translated slowly from lab bench to clinical applications. One major reason is that the skin barrier and synovial capsule barrier limit the efficacy of transdermal delivery. Recently, many nanocarriers, such as nanoparticles, nanolipids, nanoemulsions, nanocrystals, exosomes, etc., have been incorporated into transdermal formulations to advance drug delivery. The combined transdermal formulations show promising safety and efficacy. Therefore, this review will focus on stating the current development of nanomedicine-based transdermal formulations for the treatment of arthritic injuries. The advances, limitations, and future perspectives in this field will also be provided to inspire future studies and accelerate clinical translational studies. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanotechnology in Tissue Repair and Replacement Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Lipid-Based Structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Shang
- School of Sports Sciences (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ayesha Younas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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HIF-1α inhibition attenuates severity of Achilles tendinopathy by blocking NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 106:108543. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Wan R, Hussain A, Behfar A, Moran SL, Zhao C. The Therapeutic Potential of Exosomes in Soft Tissue Repair and Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073869. [PMID: 35409228 PMCID: PMC8998690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue defects are common following trauma and tumor extirpation. These injuries can result in poor functional recovery and lead to a diminished quality of life. The healing of skin and muscle is a complex process that, at present, leads to incomplete recovery and scarring. Regenerative medicine may offer the opportunity to improve the healing process and functional outcomes. Barriers to regenerative strategies have included cost, regulatory hurdles, and the need for cell-based therapies. In recent years, exosomes, or extracellular vesicles, have gained tremendous attention in the field of soft tissue repair and regeneration. These nanosized extracellular particles (30-140 nm) can break the cellular boundaries, as well as facilitate intracellular signal delivery in various regenerative physiologic and pathologic processes. Existing studies have established the potential of exosomes in regenerating tendons, skeletal muscles, and peripheral nerves through different mechanisms, including promoting myogenesis, increasing tenocyte differentiation and enhancing neurite outgrowth, and the proliferation of Schwann cells. These exosomes can be stored for immediate use in the operating room, and can be produced cost efficiently. In this article, we critically review the current advances of exosomes in soft tissue (tendons, skeletal muscles, and peripheral nerves) healing. Additionally, new directions for clinical applications in the future will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rou Wan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (R.W.); (A.H.); (S.L.M.)
| | - Arif Hussain
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (R.W.); (A.H.); (S.L.M.)
| | - Atta Behfar
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
- Van Cleve Cardiac Regenerative Medicine Program, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Steven L. Moran
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (R.W.); (A.H.); (S.L.M.)
| | - Chunfeng Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Correspondence:
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Jiang W, Dong W, Li M, Guo Z, Wang Q, Liu Y, Bi Y, Zhou H, Wang Y. Nitric Oxide Induces Immunogenic Cell Death and Potentiates Cancer Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2022; 16:3881-3894. [PMID: 35238549 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells undergoing immunogenic cell death (ICD) release immunogenic damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) to trigger a long-term protective antitumor response. ICD can be induced by certain pathogens, chemotherapeutics, and physical modalities. In this work, we demonstrate that a gaseous molecule, specifically nitric oxide (NO), can induce a potent ICD effect. NO exerts cytotoxic effects that are accompanied by the emission of DAMPs based on the endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction pathways. Released DAMPs elicit immunological protection against a subsequent rechallenge of syngeneic tumor cells in immunocompetent mice. We prepare polynitrosated polyesters with high NO storage capacity through a facile polycondensation reaction followed by a postsynthetic modification. The polynitrosated polyesters-based NO nanogenerator (NanoNO) that enables efficient NO delivery and controlled NO release in tumors induces a sufficient ICD effect. In different immune-intact models of tumors, the NanoNO exhibits significant tumor growth suppression and increases the local dose of immunogenic signals and T cell infiltrations, ultimately prolonging survival. In addition, the NanoNO synergizes with the PD-1 blockade to prevent metastasis. We conclude not only that NO is a potent ICD inducer for cancer immunotherapy but also that it expands the range of ICD inducers into the field of gaseous molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Intelligent Nanomedicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Wang Dong
- Intelligent Nanomedicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Min Li
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Zixuan Guo
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Qin Wang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Yi Liu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Yihui Bi
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Han Zhou
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Yucai Wang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
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Sadeqi A, Kiaee G, Zeng W, Rezaei Nejad H, Sonkusale S. Hard polymeric porous microneedles on stretchable substrate for transdermal drug delivery. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1853. [PMID: 35115643 PMCID: PMC8813900 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05912-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microneedles offer a convenient transdermal delivery route with potential for long term sustained release of drugs. However current microneedle technologies may not have the mechanical properties for reliable and stable penetration (e.g. hydrogel microneedles). Moreover, it is also challenging to realize microneedle arrays with large size and high flexibility. There is also an inherent upper limit to the amount and kind of drugs that can be loaded in the microneedles. In this paper, we present a new class of polymeric porous microneedles made from biocompatible and photo-curable resin that address these challenges. The microneedles are unique in their ability to load solid drug formulation in concentrated form. We demonstrate the loading and release of solid formulation of anesthetic and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, namely Lidocaine and Ibuprofen. Paper also demonstrates realization of large area (6 × 20 cm2) flexible and stretchable microneedle patches capable of drug delivery on any body part. Penetration studies were performed in an ex vivo porcine model supplemented through rigorous compression tests to ensure the robustness and rigidity of the microneedles. Detailed release profiles of the microneedle patches were shown in an in vitro skin model. Results show promise for large area transdermal delivery of solid drug formulations using these porous microneedles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aydin Sadeqi
- Nano Lab, Advanced Technology Laboratory, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, 161 College Ave, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Gita Kiaee
- Nano Lab, Advanced Technology Laboratory, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Wenxin Zeng
- Nano Lab, Advanced Technology Laboratory, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, 161 College Ave, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Hojatollah Rezaei Nejad
- Nano Lab, Advanced Technology Laboratory, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA, 02155, USA. .,Anodyne Nanotech Inc, 38 Wareham St, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
| | - Sameer Sonkusale
- Nano Lab, Advanced Technology Laboratory, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA, 02155, USA. .,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, 161 College Ave, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
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Kim DS, Kim JH, Baek SW, Lee JK, Park SY, Choi B, Kim TH, Min K, Han DK. Controlled vitamin D delivery with injectable hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel for restoration of tendinopathy. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221122089. [PMID: 36082312 PMCID: PMC9445534 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221122089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendinopathy is a term used to describe tendon disorders that are marked by pain and a loss of function. Recent studies demonstrated that inflammation plays an important role throughout the broad spectrum of tendinopathy. Conventional treatments such as steroid injections, analgesics, and physical modalities simply give pain relief and do not alter the disease progression without the tendon regeneration effect. Tenocytes are responsible for maintaining the tendon matrix and understanding how they function is essential to studying new treatments for tendinopathy. Our previous study showed the protective effects of vitamin D (Vit D) on damaged tenocytes. Besides its well-known effects on bone metabolism, the non-classical action of Vit D is the pleiotropic effects on modulating immune function. In the present study, we developed a Vit D delivery system with hyaluronic acid (HA), which is one of the major components of the extracellular matrix that has anti-inflammation and wound-healing properties. A novel Vit D delivery system with cross-linked HA hydrogel (Gel) and Tween 80 (T80), Vit D@Gel/T80, could be a new regeneration technique for the treatment of tendinopathy. Vit D@Gel/T80 reduced TNF-α induced damage to human tenocytes in vitro. In an animal study, the Vit D@Gel/T80 injected group demonstrated tendon restoration features. As a result, this Vit D@Gel/T80 system might be a local injection material in the treatment for tendinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Seul Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hyuk Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woon Baek
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon-si, Republic of Korea.,Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Kyu Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yeon Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bogyu Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyung Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghoon Min
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Keun Han
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Chen S, Chen Y, Fu M, Cao Q, Wang B, Chen W, Ma X. Active Nanomotors Surpass Passive Nanomedicines: Current Progress and Challenges. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:7099-7107. [DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00556e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Artificial nanomotors show advantages over traditional nanomedicines in biomedical applications due to their active locomotion by converting various energy sources into mechanical force in situ. Currently, nanomotors have attracted wide...
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Wang W, Mallouk TE. A Practical Guide to Analyzing and Reporting the Movement of Nanoscale Swimmers. ACS NANO 2021; 15:15446-15460. [PMID: 34636550 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c07503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The recent invention of nanoswimmers-synthetic, powered objects with characteristic lengths in the range of 10-500 nm-has sparked widespread interest among scientists and the general public. As more researchers from different backgrounds enter the field, the study of nanoswimmers offers new opportunities but also significant experimental and theoretical challenges. In particular, the accurate characterization of nanoswimmers is often hindered by strong Brownian motion, convective effects, and the lack of a clear way to visualize them. When coupled with improper experimental designs and imprecise practices in data analysis, these issues can translate to results and conclusions that are inconsistent and poorly reproducible. This Perspective follows the course of a typical nanoswimmer investigation from synthesis through to applications and offers suggestions for best practices in reporting experimental details, recording videos, plotting trajectories, calculating and analyzing mobility, eliminating drift, and performing control experiments, in order to improve the reliability of the reported results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Thomas E Mallouk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6243, United States
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