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Yamada K, Henares TG, Suzuki K, Citterio D. Distance-Based Tear Lactoferrin Assay on Microfluidic Paper Device Using Interfacial Interactions on Surface-Modified Cellulose. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:24864-75. [PMID: 26488371 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b08124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
"Distance-based" detection motifs on microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) allow quantitative analysis without using signal readout instruments in a similar manner to classical analogue thermometers. To realize a cost-effective and calibration-free distance-based assay of lactoferrin in human tear fluid on a μPAD not relying on antibodies or enzymes, we investigated the fluidic mobilities of the target protein and Tb(3+) cations used as the fluorescent detection reagent on surface-modified cellulosic filter papers. Chromatographic elution experiments in a tear-like sample matrix containing electrolytes and proteins revealed a collapse of attractive electrostatic interactions between lactoferrin or Tb(3+) and the cellulosic substrate, which was overcome by the modification of the paper surface with the sulfated polysaccharide ι-carrageenan. The resulting μPAD based on the fluorescence emission distance successfully analyzed 0-4 mg mL(-1) of lactoferrin in complex human tear matrix with a lower limit of detection of 0.1 mg mL(-1) by simple visual inspection. Assay results of 18 human tear samples including ocular disease patients and healthy volunteers showed good correlation to the reference ELISA method with a slope of 0.997 and a regression coefficient of 0.948. The distance-based quantitative signal and the good batch-to-batch fabrication reproducibility relying on printing methods enable quantitative analysis by simply reading out "concentration scale marks" printed on the μPAD without performing any calibration and using any signal readout instrument.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Yamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University , 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Terence G Henares
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University , 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University , 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Daniel Citterio
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University , 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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52
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Ho TTM, Bremmell KE, Krasowska M, MacWilliams SV, Richard CJE, Stringer DN, Beattie DA. In Situ ATR FTIR Spectroscopic Study of the Formation and Hydration of a Fucoidan/Chitosan Polyelectrolyte Multilayer. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:11249-11259. [PMID: 26421938 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The formation of fucoidan/chitosan-based polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) has been studied with in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) FTIR spectroscopy has been used to follow the sequential build-up of the multilayer, with peaks characteristic of each polymer being seen to increase in intensity with each respective adsorption stage. In addition, spectral processing has allowed for the extraction of spectra from individual adsorbed layers, which have been used to provide unambiguous determination of the adsorbed mass of the PEM at each stage of formation. The PEM was seen to undergo a transition in growth regimes during build-up: from supra-linear to linear. In addition, the wettability of the PEM has been probed at each stage of the build-up, using the captive bubble contact angle technique. The contact angles were uniformly low, but showed variation in value depending on the nature of the outer polymer layer, and this variation correlated with the overall percentage hydration of the PEM (determined from FTIR and quartz crystal microbalance data). The nature of the hydration water within the polyelectrolyte multilayer has also been studied with FTIR spectroscopy, specifically in situ synchrotron ATR FTIR microscopy of the multilayer confined between two solid surfaces. The acquired spectra have enabled the hydrogen bonding environment of the PEM hydration water to be determined. The PEM hydration water is seen to have an environment in which it is subject to fewer hydrogen bonding interactions than in bulk electrolyte solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey T M Ho
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Kristen E Bremmell
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia , City East Campus, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Marta Krasowska
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Stephanie V MacWilliams
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Céline J E Richard
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Damien N Stringer
- Marinova Pty. Ltd , 249 Kennedy Drive, Cambridge, Tasmania 7170, Australia
| | - David A Beattie
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
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53
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Zhang S, Demoustier-Champagne S, Jonas AM. Quantitative Collection and Enzymatic Activity of Glucose Oxidase Nanotubes Fabricated by Templated Layer-by-Layer Assembly. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:2382-93. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shouwei Zhang
- Institute of Condensed Matter
and Nanosciences - Bio and Soft Matter (IMCN/BSMA), Université Catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 1/L7.04.02, B1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Sophie Demoustier-Champagne
- Institute of Condensed Matter
and Nanosciences - Bio and Soft Matter (IMCN/BSMA), Université Catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 1/L7.04.02, B1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Alain M. Jonas
- Institute of Condensed Matter
and Nanosciences - Bio and Soft Matter (IMCN/BSMA), Université Catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 1/L7.04.02, B1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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54
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Fares HM, Ghoussoub YE, Surmaitis RL, Schlenoff JB. Toward ion-free polyelectrolyte multilayers: cyclic salt annealing. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:5787-95. [PMID: 25704533 DOI: 10.1021/la504910y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMUs) are made from various combinations of polyanions and polycations. It is now understood that these ultrathin films of polyelectrolyte complex may also incorporate counterions derived from the solutions from which the PEMU was deposited or exchanged into the film postassembly. If these ions are required to compensate nonstoichiometric ratios of polycation and polyanion they cannot leave the film and exert considerable influence on film properties, such as modulus and permeability. These "extrinsic" charges also complicate fundamental studies on PEMUs. We report a method to remove almost all ionic content from a PEMU made of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), PDADMAC, and poly(styrenesulfonate), PSS. In this method, a high salt concentration plasticizes the multilayer past its glass transition, dispersing all the buried excess PDADMA throughout the film. Exposure to a solution of PSS in a lower salt concentration consumes excess PDADMA near the surface without overcompensating with PSS. The process is repeated in a cyclic fashion, removing >95% of the ions charge present in the as-made PEMU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi M Fares
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Yara E Ghoussoub
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Richard L Surmaitis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Joseph B Schlenoff
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
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55
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Prokopović VZ, Duschl C, Volodkin D. Hyaluronic Acid/Poly-l-Lysine Multilayers as Reservoirs for Storage and Release of Small Charged Molecules. Macromol Biosci 2015; 15:1357-63. [PMID: 25981869 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201500093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte multilayer films are nowadays very attractive for bioapplications due to their tunable properties and ability to control cellular response. Here we demonstrate that multilayers made of hyaluronic acid and poly-l-lysine act as high-capacity reservoirs for small charged molecules. Strong accumulation within the film is explained by electrostatically driven binding to free charges of polyelectrolytes. Binding and release mechanisms are discussed based on charge balance and polymer dynamics in the film. Our results show that transport of molecules through the film-solution interface limits the release rate. The multilayers might serve as an effective platform for drug delivery and tissue engineering due to high potential for drug loading and controlled release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Z Prokopović
- Fraunhofer IZI-BB, Am Muehlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.,University of Potsdam, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, Maulbeerallee 2, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Claus Duschl
- Fraunhofer IZI-BB, Am Muehlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Dmitry Volodkin
- Fraunhofer IZI-BB, Am Muehlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
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56
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Ho TTM, Bremmell KE, Krasowska M, Stringer DN, Thierry B, Beattie DA. Tuning polyelectrolyte multilayer structure by exploiting natural variation in fucoidan chemistry. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:2110-24. [PMID: 25599229 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm02552k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide that is extracted primarily from seaweed. The polymer contains a natural variation in chemistry based upon the species of seaweed from which it is extracted. We have used two different fucoidans from two different seaweed species (Fucus vesiculosus - FV; and Undaria pinnatifida - UP) as polyanions for the formation of polysaccharide-based polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs), to determine if the chemistry of different fucoidans can be chosen to fine-tune the structure of the polymer film. Partially acetylated chitosan was chosen as the polycation for the work, and the presented data illustrate the effect of secondary hydrogen bonding interactions on PEM build-up and properties. Ellipsometry and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) measurements performed during film build-up enabled detailed measurements of layer thickness, adsorbed mass, and the dynamics of the multilayer formation process. High quality atomic force microscopy (AFM) images revealed the differences in morphology of the PEMs formed from the two fucoidans, and allowed for a more direct layer thickness measurement. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the chemistry of the films, and an indication of the altered interactions between chitosan and fucoidan with variation in fucoidan type, but also with layer number. Distinct differences were observed between multilayers formed with the two fucoidans, with those constructed using UP having thinner, denser, less hydrated layers than those constructed using FV. These differences are discussed in the context of their varied chemistry, primarily their difference in molecular weight and degree of acetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey T M Ho
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
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57
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Caridade SG, Monge C, Almodóvar J, Guillot R, Lavaud J, Josserand V, Coll JL, Mano JF, Picart C. Myoconductive and osteoinductive free-standing polysaccharide membranes. Acta Biomater 2015; 15:139-49. [PMID: 25575853 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Revised: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Free-standing (FS) membranes have increasing applications in the biomedical field as drug delivery systems for wound healing and tissue engineering. Here, we studied the potential of free-standing membranes made by the layer-by-layer assembly of chitosan and alginate to be used as a simple biomimetic system of the periosteum. The design of a periosteum-like membrane implies the elaboration of a thick membrane suitable for both muscle and bone formation. Our aim was to produce well-defined ∼50 μm thick polysaccharide membranes that could be easily manipulated, were mechanically resistant, and would enable both myogenesis and osteogenesis in vitro and in vivo. The membranes were chemically crosslinked to improve their mechanical properties. Crosslinking chemistry was followed via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and the mechanical properties of the membranes were assessed using dynamic mechanical analysis. The loading and release of the potent osteoinductive growth factor bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) inside and outside of the FS membrane was followed by fluorescence spectroscopy in a physiological buffer over 1 month. The myogenic and osteogenic potentials of the membranes in vitro were assessed using BMP-2-responsive skeletal myoblasts. Finally, their osteoinductive properties in vivo were studied in a preliminary experiment using a mouse ectopic model. Our results showed that the more crosslinked FS membranes enabled a more efficient myoblast differentiation in myotubes. In addition, we showed that a tunable amount of BMP-2 can be loaded into and subsequently released from the membranes, depending on the crosslinking degree and the initial BMP-2 concentration in solution. Only the more crosslinked membranes were found to be osteoinductive in vivo. These polysaccharide-based membranes have strong potential as a periosteum-mimetic scaffold for bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia G Caridade
- 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco GMR, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; CNRS, UMR 5628, LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel, F-38016 Grenoble, France
| | - Claire Monge
- CNRS, UMR 5628, LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel, F-38016 Grenoble, France; Université de Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institute of Technology, 3 parvis Louis Néel, F-38016 Grenoble, France
| | - Jorge Almodóvar
- CNRS, UMR 5628, LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel, F-38016 Grenoble, France; Université de Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institute of Technology, 3 parvis Louis Néel, F-38016 Grenoble, France
| | - Raphael Guillot
- CNRS, UMR 5628, LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel, F-38016 Grenoble, France; Université de Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institute of Technology, 3 parvis Louis Néel, F-38016 Grenoble, France
| | - Jonathan Lavaud
- Institute Albert Bonniot, INSERM U823, ERL CNRS3148, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Jean-Luc Coll
- Institute Albert Bonniot, INSERM U823, ERL CNRS3148, Grenoble, France
| | - João F Mano
- 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco GMR, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Catherine Picart
- CNRS, UMR 5628, LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel, F-38016 Grenoble, France; Université de Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institute of Technology, 3 parvis Louis Néel, F-38016 Grenoble, France.
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58
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Wang LM, Chang H, Zhang H, Ren KF, Li H, Hu M, Li BC, Martins MCL, Barbosa MA, Ji J. Dynamic stiffness of polyelectrolyte multilayer films based on disulfide bonds for in situ control of cell adhesion. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:7546-7553. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb01151e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic stiffness of (poly-l-lysine/hyaluronan-SH) films was developed for in situ control of cell adhesion by using reversible disulfide linkages.
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59
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Elyada A, Garti N, Füredi-Milhofer H. Polyelectrolyte multilayer-calcium phosphate composite coatings for metal implants. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:3511-21. [PMID: 25105729 DOI: 10.1021/bm5006245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of organic-inorganic composite coatings with the purpose to increase the bioactivity of bioinert metal implants was investigated. As substrates, glass plates and rough titanium surfaces (Ti-SLA) were employed. The method comprises the deposition of polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMLs) followed by immersion of the coated substrate into a calcifying solution of low supersaturation (MCS). Single or mixed PEMLs were constructed from poly-L-lysine (PLL) alternating with poly-L-glutamate, (PGA), poly-L-aspartate (PAA), and/or chondroitin sulfate (CS). ATR-FTIR spectra reveal that (PLL/PGA)10 multilayers and mixed multilayers with a (PLL/PGA)5 base contain intermolecular β-sheet structures, which are absent in pure (PLL/PAA)10 and (PLL/CS)10 assemblies. All PEML coatings had a grainy topography with aggregate sizes and size distributions increasing in the order: (PLL/PGA)n < (PLL/PAA)n < (PLL/CS)n. In mixed multilayers with a (PLL/PGA)n base and a (PLL/PAA)n or (PLL/CS)n top, the aggregate sizes were greatly reduced. The PEMLs promoted calcium phosphate nucleation and early crystal growth, the intensity of the effect depending on the composition of the terminal layer(s) of the polymer. In contrast, crystal morphology and structure depended on the supersaturation, pH, and ionic strength of the MCS, rather than on the composition of the organic matrix. Crystals grown on both uncoated and coated substrates were mostly platelets of calcium deficient carbonate apatite, with the Ca/P ratio depending on the precipitation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alon Elyada
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry, The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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60
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Borges J, Mano JF. Molecular Interactions Driving the Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Multilayers. Chem Rev 2014; 114:8883-942. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400531v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 609] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- João Borges
- 3B’s
Research Group—Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra,
S. Cláudio do Barco 4806-909 Caldas das Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s
− PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - João F. Mano
- 3B’s
Research Group—Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra,
S. Cláudio do Barco 4806-909 Caldas das Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s
− PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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61
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Liu C, Thormann E, Claesson PM, Tyrode E. Surface grafted chitosan gels. Part I. Molecular insight into the formation of chitosan and poly(acrylic acid) multilayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:8866-8877. [PMID: 25007398 DOI: 10.1021/la5013186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Composite polyelectrolyte multilayers of chitosan and low molecular weight poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) have been assembled by sequential adsorption as a first step toward building a surface anchored chitosan gel. Silane chemistry was used to graft the first chitosan layer to prevent film detachment and decomposition. The assembly process is characterized by nonlinear growth behavior, with different adsorption kinetics for chitosan and PAA. In situ analysis of the multilayer by means of surface sensitive total internal reflection Raman (TIRR) spectroscopy, combined with target factor analysis of the spectra, provided information regarding composition, including water content, and ionization state of weak acidic and basic groups present in the thin composite film. Low molecular weight PAA, mainly in its protonated form, diffuses into and out of the composite film during adsorption and rinsing steps. The higher molecular weight chitosan shows a similar behavior, although to a much lower extent. Our data demonstrate that the charged monomeric units of chitosan are mainly compensated by carboxylate ions from PAA. Furthermore, the morphology and mechanical properties of the multilayers were investigated in situ using atomic force microscopy operating in PeakForce tapping mode. The multilayer consists of islands that grow in lateral dimension and height during the build-up process, leading to close to exponentially increasing roughness with deposition number. Both diffusion in and out of at least one of the two components (PAA) and the island-like morphology contribute to the nonlinear growth of chitosan/PAA multilayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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Yao Y, Wang J, Cui Y, Xu R, Wang Z, Zhang J, Wang K, Li Y, Zhao Q, Kong D. Effect of sustained heparin release from PCL/chitosan hybrid small-diameter vascular grafts on anti-thrombogenic property and endothelialization. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:2739-49. [PMID: 24602806 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Thrombus formation and subsequent occlusion are the main reasons for the failure of small-diameter vascular grafts. In this study, a hybrid small-diameter vascular graft was developed from synthetic polymer poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and natural polymer chitosan (CS) by the co-electrospinning technique. Heparin was immobilized on the grafts through ionic bonding between heparin and CS fibers. The immobilization was relatively stable, and heparin could continuously release from the grafts for more than 1month. Heparin functionalization evidently improved the hemocompatibility of the PCL/CS vascular grafts, which was illustrated by the reduced platelet adhesion and prolonged coagulation time (activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time and thromboplastin time) as shown in the human plasma assay, and was further confirmed by the ex vivo arteriovenous shunt experiment. In vitro cell proliferation assay showed that heparin can promote the growth of human umbilical vein endothelial cells, while moderately inhibiting the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, a main factor for neointimal hyperplasia. Implantation in rat abdominal aorta was performed for 1month. Results indicate that sustained release of heparin provided optimal anti-thrombogenic effect by reducing thrombus formation and maintaining the patency. Furthermore, heparin functionalization also enhanced in situ endothelialization, thereby preventing the occurrence of restenosis. In conclusion, it provides a facile and useful technique for the development of heparinized medical devices, including vascular grafts.
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64
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Nugraha C, Bora M, Venkatraman SS. Release retardation of model protein on polyelectrolyte-coated PLGA nano- and microparticles. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92393. [PMID: 24647768 PMCID: PMC3960216 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PEM capsules have been proposed for vehicles of drug microencapsulation, with the release triggered by pH, salt, magnetic field, or light. When built on another carrier encapsulating drugs, such as nanoparticles, it could provide additional release barrier to the releasing drug, providing further control to drug release. Although liposomes have received considerable attention with PEM coating for sustained drug release, similar results employing PEM built on poly(lactic-co-lycolic acid) (PLGA) particles is scant. In this work, we demonstrate that the build-up pH and polyelectrolyte pairs of PEM affect the release retardation of BSA from PLGA particles. PAH/PSS pair, the most commonly used polyelectrolyte pair, was used in comparison with PLL/DES. In addition, we also demonstrate that the release retardation effect of PEM-coated PLGA particles diminishes as the particle size increases. We attribute this to the diminishing relative thickness of the PEM coating with respect to the size of the particle as the particle size increases, reducing the diffusional resistance of the PEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Nugraha
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Meghali Bora
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Subbu S. Venkatraman
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail:
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65
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Silva JM, Duarte ARC, Custódio CA, Sher P, Neto AI, Pinho ACM, Fonseca J, Reis RL, Mano JF. Nanostructured hollow tubes based on chitosan and alginate multilayers. Adv Healthc Mater 2014; 3:433-40. [PMID: 23983205 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201300265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The design and production of structures with nanometer-sized polymer films based on layer-by-layer (LbL) are of particular interest for tissue engineering since they allow the precise control of physical and biochemical cues of implantable devices. In this work, a method is developed for the preparation of nanostructured hollow multilayers tubes combining LbL and template leaching. The aim is to produce hollow tubes based on polyelectrolyte multilayer films with tuned physical-chemical properties and study their effects on cell behavior. The final tubular structures are characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), microscopy, swelling, and mechanical tests, including dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) in physiological simulated conditions. It is found that more robust films could be produced upon chemical cross-linking with genipin. In particular, the mechanical properties confirms the viscoelastic properties and a storage and young modulus about two times higher. The water uptake decreases from about 390% to 110% after the cross-linking. The biological performance is assessed in terms of cell adhesion, viability, and proliferation. The results obtained with the cross-linked tubes demonstrate that these are more suitable structures for cell adhesion and spreading. The results suggest the potential of these structures to boost the development of innovative tubular structures for tissue engineering approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana M. Silva
- 3Bs Research Group-Biomaterials; Biodegradables, and Biomimetics; AvePark, Zona Industrial, da Gandra S. Claúdio do Barco 4806-909 Caldas das Taipas - Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory; Braga/Guimarães Portugal
| | - Ana Rita C. Duarte
- 3Bs Research Group-Biomaterials; Biodegradables, and Biomimetics; AvePark, Zona Industrial, da Gandra S. Claúdio do Barco 4806-909 Caldas das Taipas - Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory; Braga/Guimarães Portugal
| | - Catarina A. Custódio
- 3Bs Research Group-Biomaterials; Biodegradables, and Biomimetics; AvePark, Zona Industrial, da Gandra S. Claúdio do Barco 4806-909 Caldas das Taipas - Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory; Braga/Guimarães Portugal
| | - Praveen Sher
- 3Bs Research Group-Biomaterials; Biodegradables, and Biomimetics; AvePark, Zona Industrial, da Gandra S. Claúdio do Barco 4806-909 Caldas das Taipas - Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory; Braga/Guimarães Portugal
| | - Ana I. Neto
- 3Bs Research Group-Biomaterials; Biodegradables, and Biomimetics; AvePark, Zona Industrial, da Gandra S. Claúdio do Barco 4806-909 Caldas das Taipas - Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory; Braga/Guimarães Portugal
| | - António C. M. Pinho
- University of Minho, Department of Mechanical Engineering; Campus de Azurém Guimarães Portugal
| | - Jaime Fonseca
- University of Minho, Department of Industrial Electronics; Campus de Azurém Guimarães Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3Bs Research Group-Biomaterials; Biodegradables, and Biomimetics; AvePark, Zona Industrial, da Gandra S. Claúdio do Barco 4806-909 Caldas das Taipas - Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory; Braga/Guimarães Portugal
| | - João F. Mano
- 3Bs Research Group-Biomaterials; Biodegradables, and Biomimetics; AvePark, Zona Industrial, da Gandra S. Claúdio do Barco 4806-909 Caldas das Taipas - Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory; Braga/Guimarães Portugal
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Multilayer films by blending heparin with semisynthetic cellulose sulfates: Physico-chemical characterization and cell responses. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 102:4224-33. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Aggarwal N, Altgärde N, Svedhem S, Zhang K, Fischer S, Groth T. Study on multilayer structures prepared from heparin and semi-synthetic cellulose sulfates as polyanions and their influence on cellular response. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 116:93-103. [PMID: 24463147 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Multilayer coatings of polycationic chitosan paired with polyanionic semi-synthetic cellulose sulfates or heparin were prepared by the layer-by-layer method. Two different cellulose sulfates (CS) with high (CS2.6) and intermediate (CS1.6) sulfation degree were prepared by sulfation of cellulose. Multilayers were fabricated at pH 4 and the resulting films were characterized by several methods. The multilayer 'optical' mass, measured by surface plasmon resonance, showed little differences in the total mass adsorbed irrespective of which polyanion was used. In contrast, 'acoustic' mass, calculated from quartz crystal micro balance with dissipation monitoring, showed the lowest mass and dissipation values for CS2.6 (highest sulfation degree) multilayers indicating formation of stiffer layers compared to heparin and CS1.6 layers which led to higher mass and dissipation values. Water contact angle and zeta potential measurements indicated formation of more distinct layers with using heparin as polyanion, while use of CS1.6 and CS2.6 resulted into more fuzzy intermingled multilayers. CS1.6 multilayers significantly supported adhesion and growth of C2C12 cells where as only few cells attached and started to spread initially on CS2.6 layers but favoured long term cell growth. Contrastingly cells adhered and grew poorly on to the layers of heparin. This present study shows that cellulose sulfates are attractive candidates for multilayer formation as potential substratum for controlled cell adhesion. Since a peculiar interaction of cellulose sulfates with growth factors was found during previous studies, immobilization of cellulose sulfate in multilayer systems might be of great interest for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Aggarwal
- Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Noomi Altgärde
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Svedhem
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kai Zhang
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry and Paper Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Petersenstr. 22, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Steffen Fischer
- Institute of Plant and Wood Chemistry, Dresden University of Technology, Pienner Str. 19, D-01737 Tharandt, Germany
| | - Thomas Groth
- Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Aggarwal N, Altgärde N, Svedhem S, Zhang K, Fischer S, Groth T. Effect of molecular composition of heparin and cellulose sulfate on multilayer formation and cell response. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:13853-64. [PMID: 24171489 DOI: 10.1021/la4028157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Here, the layer-by-layer method was applied to assemble films from chitosan paired with either heparin or a semisynthetic cellulose sulfate (CS) that possessed a higher sulfation degree than heparin. Ion pairing was exploited during multilayer formation at pH 4, while hydrogen bonding is likely to occur at pH 9. Effects of polyanions and pH value during layer formation on multilayers properties were studied by surface plasmon resonance ("dry layer mass"), quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring ("wet layer mass"), water contact angle, and zeta potential measurements. Bioactivity of multilayers was studied regarding fibronectin adsorption and adhesion/proliferation of C2C12 myoblast cells. Layer growth and dry mass were higher for both polyanions at pH 4 when ion pairing occurred, while it decreased significantly with heparin at pH 9. By contrast, CS as polyanion resulted also in high layer growth and mass at pH 9, indicating a much stronger effect of hydrogen bonding between chitosan and CS. Water contact angle and zeta potential measurements indicated a more separated structure of multilayers from chitosan and heparin at pH 4, while CS led to a more fuzzy intermingled structure at both pH values. Cell behavior was highly dependent on pH during multilayer formation with heparin as polyanion and was closely related to fibronectin adsorption. By contrast, CS and chitosan did not show such dependency on pH value, where adhesion and growth of cells was high. Results of this study show that CS is an attractive candidate for multilayer formation that does not depend so strongly on pH during multilayer formation. In addition, such multilayer system also represents a good substrate for cell interactions despite the rather soft structure. As previous studies have shown specific interaction of CS with growth factors, multilayers from chitosan and CS may be of great interest for different biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Aggarwal
- Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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69
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Monge C, Saha N, Boudou T, Pózos-Vásquez C, Dulong V, Glinel K, Picart C. Rigidity-patterned polyelectrolyte films to control myoblast cell adhesion and spatial organization. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2013; 23:3432-3442. [PMID: 25100929 PMCID: PMC4119880 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201203580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In vivo, cells are sensitive to the stiffness of their micro-environment and especially to the spatial organization of the stiffness. In vitro studies of this phenomenon can help to better understand the mechanisms of the cell response to spatial variations of the matrix stiffness. In this work, we design polelyelectrolyte multilayer films made of poly(L-lysine) and a photo-reactive hyaluronan derivative. These films can be photo-crosslinked through a photomask to create spatial patterns of rigidity. Quartz substrates incorporating a chromium mask are prepared to expose selectively the film to UV light (in a physiological buffer), without any direct contact between the photomask and the soft film. We show that these micropatterns are chemically homogeneous and flat, without any preferential adsorption of adhesive proteins. Three groups of pattern geometries differing by their shape (circles or lines), size (form 2 to 100 μm) or interspacing distance between the motifs are used to study the adhesion and spatial organization of myoblast cells. On large circular micropatterns, the cells form large assemblies that are confined to the stiffest parts. Conversely, when the size of the rigidity patterns is subcellular, the cells respond by forming protrusions. Finally, on linear micropatterns of rigidity, myoblasts align and their nuclei drastically elongate in specific conditions. These results pave the way for the study of the different steps of myoblast fusion in response to matrix rigidity in well-defined geometrical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Monge
- CNRS-UMR 5628, Laboratoire des Matériaux et du Génie Physique, CNRS et Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble, Université de Grenoble, 3 parvis L. Néel F-38016 Grenoble, France
| | - Naresh Saha
- CNRS-UMR 5628, Laboratoire des Matériaux et du Génie Physique, CNRS et Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble, Université de Grenoble, 3 parvis L. Néel F-38016 Grenoble, France; Institute of Condensed Matter & Nanosciences, Bio & Soft Matter division Croix du Sud 1, box L7.04.02 B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Thomas Boudou
- CNRS-UMR 5628, Laboratoire des Matériaux et du Génie Physique, CNRS et Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble, Université de Grenoble, 3 parvis L. Néel F-38016 Grenoble, France
| | - Cuauhtemoc Pózos-Vásquez
- Institute of Condensed Matter & Nanosciences, Bio & Soft Matter division Croix du Sud 1, box L7.04.02 B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Virginie Dulong
- Laboratoire Polymères, Biopolymères, Surfaces, CNRS-UMR 6270 Université de Rouen Bd Maurice de Broglie F-76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France
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70
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Aggarwal N, Altgärde N, Svedhem S, Michanetzis G, Missirlis Y, Groth T. Tuning Cell Adhesion and Growth on Biomimetic Polyelectrolyte Multilayers by Variation of pH During Layer-by-Layer Assembly. Macromol Biosci 2013; 13:1327-38. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201300153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neha Aggarwal
- Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4 06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Noomi Altgärde
- Department of Applied Physics; Chalmers University of Technology; 412 96 Göteborg Sweden
| | - Sofia Svedhem
- Department of Applied Physics; Chalmers University of Technology; 412 96 Göteborg Sweden
| | - Georgios Michanetzis
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Patras; Rion 26500 Patras Greece
| | - Yannis Missirlis
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Patras; Rion 26500 Patras Greece
| | - Thomas Groth
- Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4 06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
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72
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Gribova V, Gauthier-Rouvière C, Albigès-Rizo C, Auzely-Velty R, Picart C. Effect of RGD functionalization and stiffness modulation of polyelectrolyte multilayer films on muscle cell differentiation. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:6468-80. [PMID: 23261924 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle tissue engineering holds promise for the replacement of muscle damaged by injury and for the treatment of muscle diseases. Although arginylglycylaspartic acid (RGD) substrates have been widely explored in tissue engineering, there have been no studies aimed at investigating the combined effects of RGD nanoscale presentation and matrix stiffness on myogenesis. In the present work we use polyelectrolyte multilayer films made of poly(L-lysine) (PLL) and poly(L-glutamic) acid (PGA) as substrates of tunable stiffness that can be functionalized by a RGD adhesive peptide to investigate important events in myogenesis, including adhesion, migration, proliferation and differentiation. C2C12 myoblasts were used as cellular models. RGD presentation on soft films and increasing film stiffness could both induce cell adhesion, but the integrins involved in adhesion were different in the case of soft and stiff films. Soft films with RGD peptide appeared to be the most appropriate substrate for myogenic differentiation, while the stiff PLL/PGA films induced significant cell migration and proliferation and inhibited myogenic differentiation. ROCK kinase was found to be involved in the myoblast response to the different films. Indeed, its inhibition was sufficient to rescue differentiation on stiff films, but no significant changes were observed on stiff films with the RGD peptide. These results suggest that different signaling pathways may be activated depending on the mechanical and biochemical properties of multilayer films. This study emphasizes the advantage of soft PLL/PGA films presenting the RGD peptide in terms of myogenic differentiation. This soft RGD-presenting film may be further used as a coating of various polymeric scaffolds for muscle tissue engineering.
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73
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Westwood M, Noel TR, Parker R. The effect of poly-L-lysine structure on the pH response of polygalacturonic acid-based multilayers. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 94:137-46. [PMID: 23544522 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The effect of poly-L-lysine (PLL) molecular weight and structure on pH stability of polygalacturonic acid (PGaLA)-based multilayer films is studied over a pH cycle 7.0-1.6-7.0. The multilayer assembled with the lowest molecular weight PLL (1 kDa) showed the largest pH response. Only 12% of the mass remained and a preferential loss of PLL was observed. Extensive structural reorganisation of the layer as the pH was increased was due to the PGaLA reionisation leading to extensive net loss of hydrated mass. The multilayers assembled with the higher molecular weight linear PLLs (10 kDa, 200 kDa) showed loss of about 50% of their initial polymer mass. The multilayer assembled with the dendrimer (22 kDa) showed a stronger response to pH compared to the linear higher molecular weight PLLs. Over the pH cycle a loss of about 60% polymer mass and a decrease in the film thickness was observed. Despite having a reduced density at pH 1.6, the density substantially recovered to 0.54 g mL(-1) on return to pH 7.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Westwood
- Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA, United Kingdom
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74
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Shen L, Rapenne L, Chaudouet P, Ji J, Picart C. In situ synthesis of gold nanoparticles in exponentially-growing layer-by-layer films. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 388:56-66. [PMID: 22981588 PMCID: PMC4111547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2012.06.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 06/23/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In situ synthesis of inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) in polyelectrolytes multilayers (PEMs) has recently gained much attention. Due to the versatility of their composition, PEMs offer a unique opportunity to synthesize a variety of NPs. So far, mostly cationic precursors have been used and only few studies have investigated the possibility of using amine groups to bind anionic precursors. Here, we use exponentially growing poly(L-lysine)/hyaluronan (PLL/HA) films as a nanoreservoir to bind and sequester aurochlorate (AuCl(4)(-)) anions thanks to the large number of free amine groups. The polypeptide-polysaccharide reactive template enabled the formation in a spatially-confined environment of gold NP at a very high yield. The synthesized gold NPs were homogenous and well-dispersed in the nanocomposite. Importantly, there was no particular effect of the film-ending layer (either PLL or HA). The largest particles of ~9 nm and the largest amount of gold were obtained at acidic pH of 3. When the pH was increased, smaller and more numerous NPs were synthesized but the total amount of gold was lower. Based on UV-visible spectrometry, FTIR and TEM data, we finally propose a scheme for the mechanism of gold NPs formation, in which several groups of PLL and HA contribute to the binding of gold ions, the nucleation and growth of NPs, and their stabilization in the "bulk" of the film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Shen
- LMGP, UMR 5628, Grenoble Institute of Technology and CNRS, Minatec, 3 parvis Louis Néel, F-38016 Grenoble Cedex, France
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, CHINA
| | - Laetitia Rapenne
- LMGP, UMR 5628, Grenoble Institute of Technology and CNRS, Minatec, 3 parvis Louis Néel, F-38016 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Patrick Chaudouet
- LMGP, UMR 5628, Grenoble Institute of Technology and CNRS, Minatec, 3 parvis Louis Néel, F-38016 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Jian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, CHINA
| | - Catherine Picart
- LMGP, UMR 5628, Grenoble Institute of Technology and CNRS, Minatec, 3 parvis Louis Néel, F-38016 Grenoble Cedex, France
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75
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Investigations on the Secondary Structure of Polypeptide Chains in Polyelectrolyte Multilayers and their Effect on the Adhesion and Spreading of Osteoblasts. Biointerphases 2012; 7:62. [DOI: 10.1007/s13758-012-0062-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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76
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Influence of pH on the build-up of poly-L-lysine/heparin multilayers. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 388:191-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2012.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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77
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Gilde F, Maniti O, Guillot R, Mano JF, Logeart-Avramoglou D, Sailhan F, Picart C. Secondary structure of rhBMP-2 in a protective biopolymeric carrier material. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:3620-6. [PMID: 22967015 DOI: 10.1021/bm3010808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Efficient delivery of growth factors is one of the great challenges of tissue engineering. Polyelectrolyte multilayer films (PEM) made of biopolymers have recently emerged as an interesting carrier for delivering recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2 noted here BMP-2) to cells in a matrix-bound manner. We recently showed that PEM made of poly(l-lysine) and hyaluronan (PLL/HA) can retain high and tunable quantities of BMP-2 and can deliver it to cells to induce their differentiation in osteoblasts. Here, we investigate quantitatively by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) the secondary structure of BMP-2 in solution as well as trapped in a biopolymeric thin film. We reveal that the major structural elements of BMP-2 in solution are intramolecular β-sheets and unordered structures as well as α-helices. Furthermore, we studied the secondary structure of rhBMP-2 trapped in hydrated films and in dry films since drying is an important step for future applications of these bioactive films onto orthopedic biomaterials. We demonstrate that the structural elements were preserved when BMP-2 was trapped in the biopolymeric film in hydrated conditions and, to a lesser extent, in dry state. Importantly, its bioactivity was maintained after drying of the film. Our results appear highly promising for future applications of these films as coatings of biomedical materials, to deliver bioactive proteins while preserving their bioactivity upon storage in dry state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Gilde
- CNRS UMR 5628 (LMGP), Grenoble Institute of Technology and CNRS, 3 parvis Louis Néel, F-38016 Grenoble Cedex, France
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78
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Kong J, Lee J, Kim G, Kang H, Choi Y, Lee K. Building mechanism for a high open-circuit voltage in an all-solution-processed tandem polymer solar cell. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:10547-55. [PMID: 22739643 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp41501a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Additional post-processing techniques, such as post-thermal annealing and UV illumination, were found to be required to obtain desirable values of the cell parameters in a tandem polymer solar cell incorporated with solution-processed basic n-type titanium sub-oxide (TiO(x))/acidic p-type poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) interlayers. Subsequent to the fabrication of the tandem polymer solar cells, the open-circuit voltage (V(OC)) of the cells exhibited half of the expected value. Only after the application of the post-treatments, the V(OC) of a tandem cell increased from the initial half-cell value (∼0.6 V) to its full-cell value (∼1.2 V). The selective light-biased incident photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE) measurements indicated that the initial V(OC) originated from the back subcell and that the application of the post-processing treatments revived the front subcell, such that the net photocurrent of the tandem cell was finally governed by a recombination process of holes from the back subcell and electrons from the front subcell. Based on our experimental results, we suggest that a V(OC) enhancement could be ascribed to two types of subsequent junction formations at the interface between the TiO(x) and PEDOT:PSS interlayers: an 'ion-mediated dipole junction', resulting from the electro-kinetic migration of cationic ions in the interlayers during post-thermal annealing in the presence of a low-work-function metal cathode, and a 'photoinduced Schottky junction', formed by increasing the charge carrier density in the n-type TiO(x) interlayer during UV illumination process. The two junctions separately contributed to the formation of a recombination junction through which the electrons in TiO(x) and the holes in PEDOT:PSS were able to recombine without substantial voltage drops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaemin Kong
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
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79
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Rodrigues S, Costa AMRD, Grenha A. Chitosan/carrageenan nanoparticles: Effect of cross-linking with tripolyphosphate and charge ratios. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 89:282-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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80
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Boudou T, Kharkar P, Jing J, Guillot R, Paintrand I, Auzely-Velty R, Picart C. Polyelectrolyte multilayer nanoshells with hydrophobic nanodomains for delivery of Paclitaxel. J Control Release 2012; 159:403-412. [PMID: 22300622 PMCID: PMC4111540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and effective delivery of poorly water-soluble drug molecules, which constitute a large part of commercially available drugs, is a major challenge in the field of drug delivery. Several drugs including paclitaxel (PTX) which are used for cancer treatment are hydrophobic, exhibit poor aqueous solubility and need to be delivered using an appropriate carrier. In the present work, we engineered PTX-loaded polyelectrolyte films and microcapsules by pre-complexing PTX with chemically modified derivative of hyaluronic acid (alkylamino hydrazide) containing hydrophobic nanocavities, and subsequent assembly with either poly(l-lysine) (PLL) or quaternized chitosan (QCHI) as polycations. The PTX loading capacity of the films was found to be dependent on number of layers in the films as well as on the initial concentration of PTX pre-complexed to hydrophobic HA, with a loading capacity up to 5000-fold the initial PTX concentration. The films were stable in physiological medium and were degraded in the presence of hyaluronidase. The PTX-loaded microcapsules were found to decrease the viability and proliferation of MDA MB 231 breast cancer cells, while unloaded microcapsules did not impact cell viability. All together, our results highlight the potential of hyaluronan-based assemblies containing hydrophobic nanodomains for hydrophobic drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Boudou
- Grenoble Institute of Technology and CNRS, UMR 5628, LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel, 38 016 Grenoble, France
| | - Prathamesh Kharkar
- Grenoble Institute of Technology and CNRS, UMR 5628, LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel, 38 016 Grenoble, France
| | - Jing Jing
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), affiliated with Université Joseph Fourier, and member of the Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble, 601 rue de la piscine, Grenoble, France
| | - Raphael Guillot
- Grenoble Institute of Technology and CNRS, UMR 5628, LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel, 38 016 Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Paintrand
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), affiliated with Université Joseph Fourier, and member of the Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble, 601 rue de la piscine, Grenoble, France
| | - Rachel Auzely-Velty
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), affiliated with Université Joseph Fourier, and member of the Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble, 601 rue de la piscine, Grenoble, France
| | - Catherine Picart
- Grenoble Institute of Technology and CNRS, UMR 5628, LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel, 38 016 Grenoble, France
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81
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Schmidt S, Madaboosi N, Uhlig K, Köhler D, Skirtach A, Duschl C, Möhwald H, Volodkin DV. Control of cell adhesion by mechanical reinforcement of soft polyelectrolyte films with nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:7249-57. [PMID: 22509757 DOI: 10.1021/la300635z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Chemical cross-linking is the standard approach to tune the mechanical properties of polymer coatings for cell culture applications. Here we show that the elastic modulus of highly swollen polyelectrolyte films composed of poly(L-lysine) (PLL) and hyaluronic acid (HA) can be changed by more than 1 order of magnitude by addition of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in a one-step procedure. This hydrogel-nanoparticle architecture has great potential as a platform for advanced cell engineering application, for example remote release of drugs. As a first step toward utilization of such films for biomedical applications we identify the most favorable polymer/nanoparticle composition for optimized cell adhesion on the films. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM) we determine the following surface parameters that are relevant for cell adhesion, i.e., stiffness, roughness, and protein interactions. Optimized cell adhesion is observed for films with an elastic modulus of about 1 MPa and a surface roughness on the order of 30 nm. The analysis further shows that AuNPs are not incorporated in the HA/PLL bulk but form clusters on the film surface. Combined studies of the elastic modulus and surface topography indicate a cluster percolation threshold at a critical surface coverage above which the film stiffness drastically increases. In this context we also discuss changes in film thickness, material density and swelling ratio due to nanoparticle treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Schmidt
- Fraunhofer Institut für Biomedizinische Technik, Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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82
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Attili S, Borisov OV, Richter RP. Films of End-Grafted Hyaluronan Are a Prototype of a Brush of a Strongly Charged, Semiflexible Polyelectrolyte with Intrinsic Excluded Volume. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:1466-77. [DOI: 10.1021/bm3001759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seetharamaiah Attili
- Biosurfaces Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramon 182, 20009
Donostia - San Sebastian, Spain
- Max-Planck-Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569
Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Oleg V. Borisov
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire de Recherche sur l’Environnement et les Matériaux, UMR 5254 CNRS UPPA, 2 Avenue Pierre Angot, 64053 Pau, France
| | - Ralf P. Richter
- Biosurfaces Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramon 182, 20009
Donostia - San Sebastian, Spain
- Max-Planck-Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569
Stuttgart, Germany
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83
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Gribova V, Auzely-Velty R, Picart C. Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Assemblies on Materials Surfaces: From Cell Adhesion to Tissue Engineering. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2012; 24:854-869. [PMID: 25076811 PMCID: PMC4112380 DOI: 10.1021/cm2032459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the bulk and surface properties of materials is a real challenge for bioengineers working in the fields of biomaterials, tissue engineering and biophysics. The layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition method, introduced 20 years ago, consists in the alternate adsorption of polyelectrolytes that self-organize on the material's surface, leading to the formation of polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) films.1 Because of its simplicity and versatility, the procedure has led to considerable developments of biological applications within the past 5 years. In this review, we focus our attention on the design of PEM films as surface coatings for applications in the field of physical properties that have emerged as being key points in relation to biological processes. The numerous possibilities for adjusting the chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of PEM films have fostered studies on the influence of these parameters on cellular behaviors. Importantly, PEM have emerged as a powerful tool for the immobilization of biomolecules with preserved bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Gribova
- LMGP-MINATEC, Grenoble Institute of Technology, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, 38016 Grenoble, France
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), affiliated with University Joseph Fourier, and member of the Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble, France
| | - Rachel Auzely-Velty
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), affiliated with University Joseph Fourier, and member of the Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble, France
| | - Catherine Picart
- LMGP-MINATEC, Grenoble Institute of Technology, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, 38016 Grenoble, France
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84
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Laroui H, Sitaraman SV, Merlin D. Gastrointestinal Delivery of Anti-inflammatory Nanoparticles. Methods Enzymol 2012; 509:101-25. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-391858-1.00006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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85
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De S, Cramer C, Schönhoff M. Humidity Dependence of the Ionic Conductivity of Polyelectrolyte Complexes. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma201949s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Souvik De
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Muenster, Corrensstr. 28/30, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
- NRW Graduate School of Chemistry, University of Muenster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Cornelia Cramer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Muenster, Corrensstr. 28/30, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Monika Schönhoff
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Muenster, Corrensstr. 28/30, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
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86
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Kirchhof K, Andar A, Yin HB, Gadegaard N, Riehle MO, Groth T. Polyelectrolyte multilayers generated in a microfluidic device with pH gradients direct adhesion and movement of cells. LAB ON A CHIP 2011; 11:3326-3335. [PMID: 21853167 DOI: 10.1039/c1lc20408d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study, multilayers from polyethylene imine, heparin and chitosan are prepared at three different pH values of 5, 7 and 9. Water contact angle and quartz microbalance measurements show that resulting multilayers differ in terms of wetting behaviour, layer mass and mechanical properties. The multilayer is then formed within a gradient generation microfluidic (μFL) device. Polyethylene imine or heparin solutions of pH 5 are introduced into one inlet and the same solutions but at pH 9 into another inlet of the μFL device. The pH gradient established during the multilayer formation can be visualized inside the microchamber by pH sensitive fluorophores and confocal laser scanning microscopy. From this setup it is expected that properties of multilayers displayed at distinct pH values can be realised in a gradient manner inside the μFL device. Behaviour of the osteoblast cell line MG-63 seeded and cultured on top of multilayers created inside the μFL device support this hypothesis. It is observed that more cells adhere and spread on multilayers build-up at the basic side of the μFL channel, while those cells on top of multilayers built at pH 5 are fewer and smaller. These results are consistent with the behaviour of MG-63 cells seeded on multilayers formed at discrete pH values. It is particularly interesting to see that cells start to migrate from multilayers built at pH 5 to those built at pH 9 during 6 h of culture. Overall, the presented multilayer formation setup applying pH gradients leads to surfaces that promote migration of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kirchhof
- Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Nanotechnology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Strasse 4, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
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87
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Crouzier T, Sailhan F, Becquart P, Guillot R, Logeart-Avramoglou D, Picart C. The performance of BMP-2 loaded TCP/HAP porous ceramics with a polyelectrolyte multilayer film coating. Biomaterials 2011; 32:7543-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 06/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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88
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Osteoconductive protamine-based polyelectrolyte multilayer functionalized surfaces. Biomaterials 2011; 32:7491-502. [PMID: 21764442 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The integration of orthopedic implants with host bone presents a major challenge in joint arthroplasty, spinal fusion and tumor reconstruction. The cellular microenvironment can be programmed via implant surface functionalization allowing direct modulation of osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation at the implant--bone interface. The development of layer-by-layer assembled polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) architectures has greatly expanded our ability to fabricate intricate nanometer to micron scale thin film coatings that conform to complex implant geometries. The in vivo therapeutic efficacy of thin PEM implant coatings for numerous biomedical applications has previously been reported. We have fabricated protamine-based PEM thin films that support the long-term proliferation and differentiation of pre-osteoblast cells on non-cross-linked film-coated surfaces. These hydrophilic PEM functionalized surfaces with nanometer-scale roughness facilitated increased deposition of calcified matrix by osteoblasts in vitro, and thus offer the potential to enhance implant integration with host bone. The coatings can make an immediate impact in the osteogenic culture of stem cells and assessment of the osteogenic potential of new therapeutic factors.
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89
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Kepplinger C, Lisdat F, Wollenberger U. Cytochrome c/polyelectrolyte multilayers investigated by E-QCM-D: effect of temperature on the assembly structure. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:8309-8315. [PMID: 21634413 DOI: 10.1021/la200860p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Protein multilayers, consisting of cytochrome c (cyt c) and poly(aniline sulfonic acid) (PASA), are investigated by electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (E-QCM-D). This technique reveals that a four-bilayer assembly has rather rigid properties. A thickness of 16.3 ± 0.8 nm is calculated with the Sauerbrey equation and is found to be in good agreement with a viscoelastic model. The electroactive amount of cyt c is estimated by the deposited mass under the assumption of 50% coupled water. Temperature-induced stabilization of the multilayer assembly has been investigated in the temperature range between 30 and 45 °C. The treatment results in a loss of material and a contraction of the film. The electroactive amount of cyt c also decreases during heating and remains constant after the cooling period. The contraction of the film is accompanied by the enhanced stability of the assembly. In addition, it is found that cyt c and PASA can be assembled at higher temperatures, resulting in the formation of multilayer systems with less dissipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Kepplinger
- Biosystems Technology, Wildau University of Applied Science, Bahnhofstrasse 1, 15745 Wildau, Germany
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90
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Almodóvar J, Place LW, Gogolski J, Erickson K, Kipper MJ. Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Polysaccharide-Based Polyelectrolyte Multilayers: A Spectroscopic Study of Hydrophilicity, Composition, and Ion Pairing. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:2755-65. [DOI: 10.1021/bm200519y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Almodóvar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and ‡School of Biomedical Engineering, 1370 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1370, United States
| | - Laura W. Place
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and ‡School of Biomedical Engineering, 1370 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1370, United States
| | - Jarrod Gogolski
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and ‡School of Biomedical Engineering, 1370 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1370, United States
| | - Kristin Erickson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and ‡School of Biomedical Engineering, 1370 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1370, United States
| | - Matt J. Kipper
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and ‡School of Biomedical Engineering, 1370 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1370, United States
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91
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Biomimetic assembly of polyelectrolyte multilayers containing phosvitin monitored with reflectometric interference spectroscopy. Biointerphases 2011; 6:54-62. [DOI: 10.1116/1.3589176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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92
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Boudou T, Crouzier T, Nicolas C, Ren K, Picart C. Polyelectrolyte multilayer nanofilms used as thin materials for cell mechano-sensitivity studies. Macromol Biosci 2011; 11:77-89. [PMID: 21038350 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201000301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Three types of multilayer films made from poly(L-lysine)/hyaluronan, chitosan/hyaluronan, and poly(allylamine hydrochloride)/poly(L-glutamic acid), were used to investigate the interplay between film mechano-chemical properties and cell adhesion. We showed that C2C12 myoblast adhesion and proliferation depended on the extent of film cross-linking for all films whatever their internal chemistry. Cell spreading areas were found to correlate with the film's stiffness and to be distributed over a unique curve. Immuno-staining of the cytoskeletal components revealed the formation of F-actin stress fibers and vinculin plaques only on stiff films. Finally, we compared our results with previous studies performed on polyacrylamide and PDMS gels, two recognized materials for mechano-sensitivity studies. We found that the effect of substrate stiffness on cell spreading is material-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Boudou
- Minatec, Grenoble Institute of Technology and LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel, F-38016 Grenoble Cedex, France
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93
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Grohmann S, Rothe H, Frant M, Liefeith K. Colloidal Force Spectroscopy and Cell Biological Investigations on Biomimetic Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Coatings Composed of Chondroitin Sulfate and Heparin. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:1987-97. [DOI: 10.1021/bm200258q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Steffi Grohmann
- Institute for Bioprocessing and Analytical Measurement Techniques (iba), Rosenhof, 37308 Heilbad Heiligenstadt, Germany
| | - Holger Rothe
- Institute for Bioprocessing and Analytical Measurement Techniques (iba), Rosenhof, 37308 Heilbad Heiligenstadt, Germany
| | - Marion Frant
- Institute for Bioprocessing and Analytical Measurement Techniques (iba), Rosenhof, 37308 Heilbad Heiligenstadt, Germany
| | - Klaus Liefeith
- Institute for Bioprocessing and Analytical Measurement Techniques (iba), Rosenhof, 37308 Heilbad Heiligenstadt, Germany
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94
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Bechler SL, Lynn DM. Design and Synthesis of a Fluorescently End-Labeled Poly(β-amino ester): Application to the Characterization of Degradable Polyelectrolyte Multilayers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE. PART A, POLYMER CHEMISTRY 2011; 49:1572-1581. [PMID: 21666772 PMCID: PMC3110734 DOI: 10.1002/pola.24578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of a fluorescently end-labeled analog of a synthetic and degradable cationic poly(β-amino ester) (PBAE; polymer 1) used in past studies for the delivery of DNA and the layer-by-layer assembly of erodible polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs). The synthesis of an analog of polymer 1 having acrylate functionalized end groups provided a platform for the introduction of fluorescent labels by post-polymerization conjugate addition of amine-functionalized fluorophores. This approach enabled the synthesis of fluorescently end-labeled polymer (polymer 1(FL)) with molecular weights and polydispersities (M(n) = 18,000; PDI ~1.8) similar to those used in past studies for the fabrication of PEMs using polymer 1. Layer-by-layer assembly of PEMs using polymer 1(FL) and poly(styrene sulfonate) enabled characterization of film erosion and, for the first time, direct observation of the release of cationic polymer from these assemblies using fluorescence microscopy and fluorometry. Our results shed new light on the behaviors of the cationic components of these PEMs and could prove useful for the design of thin films for a range of different controlled release applications. Our results also provide new fluorescent cationic polymer probes that could be useful for characterization of the behaviors of PBAEs in other fundamental or applied biotechnological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane L. Bechler
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 1415 Engineering Drive, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - David M. Lynn
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 1415 Engineering Drive, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
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95
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Shen L, Chaudouet P, Ji J, Picart C. pH-Amplified Multilayer Films Based on Hyaluronan: Influence of HA Molecular Weight and Concentration on Film Growth and Stability. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:1322-31. [DOI: 10.1021/bm200070k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Minatec, Grenoble Institute of Technology and LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel, F-38016 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Patrick Chaudouet
- Minatec, Grenoble Institute of Technology and LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel, F-38016 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Jian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Catherine Picart
- Minatec, Grenoble Institute of Technology and LMGP, 3 parvis Louis Néel, F-38016 Grenoble Cedex, France
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96
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Lavalle P, Voegel JC, Vautier D, Senger B, Schaaf P, Ball V. Dynamic aspects of films prepared by a sequential deposition of species: perspectives for smart and responsive materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2011; 23:1191-221. [PMID: 21264957 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201003309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2010] [Revised: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The deposition of surface coatings using a step-by-step approach from mutually interacting species allows the fabrication of so called "multilayered films". These coatings are very versatile and easy to produce in environmentally friendly conditions, mostly from aqueous solution. They find more and more applications in many hot topic areas, such as in biomaterials and nanoelectronics but also in stimuli-responsive films. We aim to review the most recent developments in such stimuli-responsive coatings based on layer-by-layer (LBL) depositions in relationship to the properties of these coatings. The most investigated stimuli are based on changes in ionic strength, temperature, exposure to light, and mechanical forces. The possibility to induce a transition from linear to exponential growth in thickness and to change the charge compensation from "intrinsic" to "extrinsic" by controlling parameters such as temperature, pH, and ionic strength are the ways to confer their responsiveness to the films. Chemical post-modifications also allow to significantly modify the film properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Lavalle
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 977, 11 rue Humann, Strasbourg Cedex, France
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97
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Mjahed H, Cado G, Boulmedais F, Senger B, Schaaf P, Ball V, Voegel JC. Restructuring of exponentially growing polyelectrolyte multilayer films induced by salt concentration variations after film deposition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm03457f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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98
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Westwood M, Noel TR, Parker R. Environmental Responsiveness of Polygalacturonic Acid-Based Multilayers to Variation of pH. Biomacromolecules 2010; 12:359-69. [DOI: 10.1021/bm1011213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Westwood
- Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy R. Noel
- Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA, United Kingdom
| | - Roger Parker
- Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA, United Kingdom
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99
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Crouzier T, Boudou T, Picart C. Polysaccharide-based polyelectrolyte multilayers. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2010.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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100
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Abstract
Abstract
This paper reviews the progress made in understanding of the mechanisms of ion conduction in polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEM) and polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC). The basis are experimental conductivity data obtained by impedance spectroscopy as a function of relative humidity and temperature, respectively. Mechanically stable thin films of PEM have interesting perspectives as ion conductors, however, being prepared by self-assembly, their stoichiometry and content of ionic charge carriers is unknown. Therefore PEC act as a model material with a variable stoichiometry and known ion content.
Employing poly(sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) (NaPSS) and poly(diallyldimethyl ammoniumchloride) (PDADMAC), we present conductivity spectra of dried polyelectrolyte complexes of type xNaPSS·(1-x)PDADMAC as a function of temperature and composition, respectively. The dependence of the dc conductivity is discussed along with scaling properties of the spectra. The results show that the conductivity is always determined by the sodium ions, even in PEC with an excess of PDADMAC. The ion dynamics and transport mechanisms are, however, different in PDADMAC-rich than in NaPSS-rich PEC.
PEM of different polyionic compounds are investigated in dependence on relative humidity. A general law of an exponential increase of the dc conductivity with relative humidity is found. Absolute values of the conductivity and the strength of the humidity dependence are different for different polyion materials, however, they do not depend on the type of small counterion employed in layer formation. Therefore, it is concluded that in hydrated PEM, protons are the dominant charge carriers.
For both PEM and PEC we show that the MIGRATION concept developed by Funke and co-workers can be used for describing the experimental spectra over wide ranges in frequency. This implies that forward-backward hopping motions of small ions play a vital role in solid polyelectrolyte materials. Apart from these potentially successful hops, localized motions of charged particles are found to influence the conductivity spectra as well.
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