51
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Giri S, Child BZ, Zhou J, Jena P. Unusual stability of multiply charged organo-metallic complexes. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra04344a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The addition of electron(s), capable of simultaneously satisfying three electron counting rules, renders unusual stability to the charged organometallic complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanab Giri
- Physics Department
- Virginia Commonwealth University
- Richmond
- USA
| | | | - Jian Zhou
- Physics Department
- Virginia Commonwealth University
- Richmond
- USA
| | - Puru Jena
- Physics Department
- Virginia Commonwealth University
- Richmond
- USA
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52
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Mauracher A, Daxner M, Huber SE, Postler J, Renzler M, Denifl S, Scheier P, Ellis AM. Formation of Dianions in Helium Nanodroplets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201408172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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53
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Mauracher A, Daxner M, Huber SE, Postler J, Renzler M, Denifl S, Scheier P, Ellis AM. Formation of dianions in helium nanodroplets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:13794-7. [PMID: 25296629 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201408172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The formation of dianions in helium nanodroplets is reported for the first time. The fullerene cluster dianions (C60)n(2-) and (C70)n(2-) were observed by mass spectrometry for n≥5 when helium droplets containing the appropriate fullerene were subjected to electron impact at approximately 22 eV. A new mechanism for dianion formation is described, which involves a two-electron transfer from the metastable He(-) ion. As well as the prospect of studying other dianions at low temperature using helium nanodroplets, this work opens up the possibility of a wider investigation of the chemistry of He(-), a new electron-donating reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Mauracher
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, 6020 Innsbruck (Austria)
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54
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Deng SHM, Hou GL, Kong XY, Valiev M, Wang XB. Examining the Amine Functionalization in Dicarboxylates: Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Theoretical Studies of Aspartate and Glutamate. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:5256-62. [PMID: 24979328 DOI: 10.1021/jp505439b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shihu H. M. Deng
- Physical Sciences
Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Gao-Lei Hou
- Physical Sciences
Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Xiang-Yu Kong
- Physical Sciences
Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Marat Valiev
- Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Xue-Bin Wang
- Physical Sciences
Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, MS K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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55
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Boeré RT, Derendorf J, Jenne C, Kacprzak S, Keßler M, Riebau R, Riedel S, Roemmele TL, Rühle M, Scherer H, Vent-Schmidt T, Warneke J, Weber S. On the Oxidation of the Three-Dimensional Aromatics [B12X12]2−(X=F, Cl, Br, I). Chemistry 2014; 20:4447-59. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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56
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Verlet JRR, Horke DA, Chatterley AS. Excited states of multiply-charged anions probed by photoelectron imaging: riding the repulsive Coulomb barrier. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:15043-52. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01667j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress towards understanding the repulsive Coulomb barrier in multiply-charged anion using photoelectron spectroscopy is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel A. Horke
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science
- DESY
- 22607 Hamburg, Germany
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57
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Chatterley AS, Horke DA, Verlet JRR. Effects of resonant excitation, pulse duration and intensity on photoelectron imaging of a dianion. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:489-96. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp53235f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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58
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Sabzyan H, Keshavarz E, Noorisafa Z. Diatomic dications and dianions. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-013-0359-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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59
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Kaufman SH, Weber JM, Pernpointner M. Electronic structure and UV spectrum of hexachloroplatinate dianions in vacuo. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:194310. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4830407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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60
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Sokolov AY, Magers DB, Wu JI, Allen WD, Schleyer PVR, Schaefer HF. Free Cyclooctatetraene Dianion: Planarity, Aromaticity, and Theoretical Challenges. J Chem Theory Comput 2013; 9:4436-43. [DOI: 10.1021/ct400642y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Yu. Sokolov
- Center for Computational Quantum
Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - D. Brandon Magers
- Center for Computational Quantum
Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Judy I. Wu
- Center for Computational Quantum
Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Wesley D. Allen
- Center for Computational Quantum
Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Paul v. R. Schleyer
- Center for Computational Quantum
Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum
Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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61
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Horke DA, Chatterley AS, Verlet JRR. Influence of the repulsive Coulomb barrier on photoelectron spectra and angular distributions in a resonantly excited dianion. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:084302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4818597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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62
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Plotnikov NV, Prasad BR, Chakrabarty S, Chu ZT, Warshel A. Quantifying the mechanism of phosphate monoester hydrolysis in aqueous solution by evaluating the relevant ab initio QM/MM free-energy surfaces. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:12807-19. [PMID: 23601038 DOI: 10.1021/jp4020146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the nature of the free-energy surfaces for phosphate hydrolysis is a prerequisite for understanding the corresponding key chemical reactions in biology. Here, the challenge has been to move to careful ab initio QM/MM (QM(ai)/MM) free-energy calculations, where obtaining converging results is very demanding and computationally expensive. This work describes such calculations, focusing on the free-energy surface for the hydrolysis of phosphate monoesters, paying special attention to the comparison between the one water (1W) and two water (2W) paths for the proton-transfer (PT) step. This issue has been explored before by energy minimization with implicit solvent models and by nonsystematic QM/MM energy minimization, as well as by nonsystematic free-energy mapping. However, no study has provided the needed reliable 2D (3D) surfaces that are necessary for reaching concrete conclusions. Here we report a systematic evaluation of the 2D (3D) free-energy maps for several relevant systems, comparing the results of QM(ai)/MM and QM(ai)/implicit solvent surfaces, and provide an advanced description of the relevant energetics. It is found that the 1W path for the hydrolysis of the methyl diphosphate (MDP) trianion is 6-9 kcal/mol higher than that the 2W path. This difference becomes slightly larger in the presence of the Mg(2+) ion because this ion reduces the pKa of the conjugated acid form of the phosphate oxygen that accepts the proton. Interestingly, the BLYP approach (which has been used extensively in some studies) gives a much smaller difference between the 1W and 2W activation barriers. At any rate, it is worth pointing out that the 2W transition state for the PT is not much higher that the common plateau that serves as the starting point of both the 1W and 2W PT paths. Thus, the calculated catalytic effects of proteins based on the 2W PT mechanistic model are not expected to be different from the catalytic effects predicted using the 1W PT mechanistic model, which was calibrated on the observed barrier in solution and in which the TS charge distribution was similar to the that of the plateau (as was done in all of our previous EVB studies).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay V Plotnikov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , SGM 418, 3620 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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63
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Steudel R, Steudel Y. Polysulfide Chemistry in Sodium-Sulfur Batteries and Related Systems- A Computational Study by G3X(MP2) and PCM Calculations. Chemistry 2013; 19:3162-76. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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64
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Banerjee S, Periyasamy G, Pati SK. Density functional theoretical investigation on structure, optical response and hydrogen adsorption properties of B9/metal–B9 clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:8303-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp50881a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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65
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Pluhařová E, Ončák M, Seidel R, Schroeder C, Schroeder W, Winter B, Bradforth SE, Jungwirth P, Slavíček P. Transforming Anion Instability into Stability: Contrasting Photoionization of Three Protonation Forms of the Phosphate Ion upon Moving into Water. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:13254-64. [DOI: 10.1021/jp306348b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pluhařová
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Technická
5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Ončák
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Technická
5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Seidel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, and BESSY, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
90089-0482, United States
| | - Christi Schroeder
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
90089-0482, United States
| | - William Schroeder
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
90089-0482, United States
| | - Bernd Winter
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, and BESSY, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephen E. Bradforth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
90089-0482, United States
| | - Pavel Jungwirth
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Technická
5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Dolejškova 3,
18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
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66
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Liu C, Ouyang Y, Jia B, Zhu Z, Shi J, Chen H. Lead-enhanced gas-phase stability of multiply charged EDTA anions: a combined experimental and theoretical study. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2012; 47:769-777. [PMID: 22707169 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Besides their fundamental importance, multiply charged anions (MCAs) are considered as promising molecular capacitors for which their intrinsic stabilities are of great significance. Herein, the gas-phase stabilities of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) anions (i.e. [EDTA-nH](n-), n = 1-4) and their Pb(II) complexes (i.e. [EDTA + Pb-nH]((2-n)-), n = 3, 4) have been investigated using an approach that combines extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (EESI-MS) measurements, Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory/Tao-Perdew-Staroverov-Scuseria calculations. The EESI-MS data showed that the doubly charged EDTA anions in the form of [EDTA-2H](2-) and [EDTA + Pb-4H](2-) were much more abundantly observed than the singly charged species such as [EDTA-H](-) and [EDTA + Pb-3H](-), respectively. The calculation results indicated that [EDTA-2H](2-) and [EDTA + Pb-4H](2-) anions were thermodynamically more stable than the [EDTA-H](-) and [EDTA + Pb-3H](-) species in the gas phase, respectively. The [EDTA + Pb-3H](-) anions preferred five-coordinated structure, whereas [EDTA + Pb-4H](2-) anions formed either five-coordinated or six-coordinated structures. The calculations further revealed that significant electron clouds drifting from the ligand EDTA to the metal Pb(II) ions and the large distances between the carboxylic groups reduced the Coulomb repulsion among the excess electrons of these MCAs. Our data demonstrated that EESI-MS combined with theoretic calculations were able to provide a deep insight into the fundamental behavior of stability of MCAs in the gas phase and, thus, might be useful tools for studying MCAs for potential molecular capacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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67
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Behera S, Jena P. Stability and Spectroscopic Properties of Singly and Doubly Charged Anions. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:5604-17. [DOI: 10.1021/jp210095q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Swayamprabha Behera
- Physics Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
23284-2000, United States
| | - Purusottam Jena
- Physics Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
23284-2000, United States
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68
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Tonner R, Schwerdtfeger P, May AL, Steill JD, Berden G, Oomens J, Campagna SR, Compton RN. Stability of Gas-Phase Tartaric Acid Anions Investigated by Quantum Chemistry, Mass Spectrometry, and Infrared Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:4789-800. [DOI: 10.1021/jp3007156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Tonner
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße,
35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Peter Schwerdtfeger
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße,
35032 Marburg, Germany
- The New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study (NZIAS), Massey University Albany, Private Bag 102904, North
Shore MSC, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Amanda L. May
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996,
United States
| | - Jeffrey D. Steill
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996,
United States
- FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Edisonbaan
14, 3439 MN Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Giel Berden
- FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Edisonbaan
14, 3439 MN Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Oomens
- FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Edisonbaan
14, 3439 MN Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Shawn R. Campagna
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996,
United States
| | - Robert N. Compton
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996,
United States
- Department of Physics, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996,
United States
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69
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Horke DA, Chatterley AS, Verlet JRR. Femtosecond Photoelectron Imaging of Aligned Polyanions: Probing Molecular Dynamics through the Electron-Anion Coulomb Repulsion. J Phys Chem Lett 2012; 3:834-8. [PMID: 26286406 DOI: 10.1021/jz3000933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The first time-resolved photoelectron imaging study of a polyanion is presented. Using the alignment induced through resonance excitation, the photoelectron angular distributions can be qualitatively understood in terms of the position of localized excess charges on the molecular skeleton, which influence the photoemission dynamics. Pump-probe experiments are used to demonstrate that the photoelectron angular distribution is also sensitive to molecular dynamics. This is shown here for the rotational dynamics of a polyanion, in which the photoelectron anisotropy tracks the rotational coherence as it dephases. The methodology can in principle be applied to general molecular dynamics in large polyanions, providing a new route to studying ultrafast structural dynamics in complex gas-phase systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Horke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, DH1 3LE Durham, United Kingdom
| | - Adam S Chatterley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, DH1 3LE Durham, United Kingdom
| | - Jan R R Verlet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, DH1 3LE Durham, United Kingdom
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70
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Wu YB, Duan Y, Lu HG, Li SD. CAl2Be32– and Its Salt Complex LiCAl2Be3–: Anionic Global Minima with Planar Pentacoordinate Carbon. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:3290-4. [DOI: 10.1021/jp300302w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Bo Wu
- Institute of Molecular Science, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Duan
- Institute of Molecular Science, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Gang Lu
- Institute of Molecular Science, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Si-Dian Li
- Institute of Molecular Science, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Material Science and Department of Chemistry, Xinzhou Teacher’s University, Xinzhou 030040, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
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71
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Horke DA, Chatterley AS, Verlet JRR. Effect of internal energy on the repulsive Coulomb barrier of polyanions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:083003. [PMID: 22463527 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.083003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The nature of the repulsive Coulomb barrier in isolated molecular polyanions is studied by means of the photodetachment dynamics of the S(1) excited state of the fluorescein dianion which is bound solely by the repulsive Coulomb barrier. Photoelectron spectra reveal a feature at a constant electron kinetic energy, regardless of the excitation energy. This is explained by using an adiabatic tunneling picture for electron loss through successive repulsive Coulomb barriers correlating to vibrationally excited states. This physical picture is supported by time-resolved photoelectron spectra, showing that the tunneling lifetime is also invariant with excitation energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Horke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, Durham, United Kingdom
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72
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Grein F, Chevrier DM. Theoretical studies on anionic clusters of sulfate anions and carbon dioxide, SO 4 −1/−2 (CO2) n , n = 1−4. Theor Chem Acc 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-012-1110-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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73
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Chatterley AS, Horke DA, Verlet JRR. On the intrinsic photophysics of indigo: a time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy study of the indigo carmine dianion. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:16155-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp43275g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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74
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Marcum JC, Krylov AI, Weber JM. Spectroscopy and fragmentation of undercoordinated bromoiridates. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:13482-8. [PMID: 21988607 DOI: 10.1021/jp208933z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report gas-phase electronic photodissociation spectra of the undercoordinated bromoiridate complexes IrBr(4)(-) and IrBr(5)(-) at photon energies from 1 to 5.6 eV. Both ions have open-shell ground states with low-symmetry structures. The fragmentation is characterized by thresholds for the loss of one Br atom for IrBr(4)(-) and one or two Br atoms for IrBr(5)(-). The experimental spectra consist of ligand-to-metal charge transfer transitions and reveal a large density of electronic states that can be recovered by time-dependent density functional theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse C Marcum
- JILA , NIST, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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75
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Kim MC, Sim E, Burke K. Communication: Avoiding unbound anions in density functional calculations. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:171103. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3590364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Cheol Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Nano-Bio Molecular Assemblies, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
| | - Eunji Sim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Nano-Bio Molecular Assemblies, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
| | - Kieron Burke
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, 92697, USA
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76
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Wang YF, Chen W, Yu GT, Li ZR, Wu D, Sun CC. Evolution of lone pair of excess electrons inside molecular cages with the deformation of the cage in e2@C60F60 systems. J Comput Chem 2011; 32:2012-21. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2010] [Revised: 01/23/2011] [Accepted: 02/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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77
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Schröder D, Ducháčková L, Tarábek J, Karwowska M, Fijalkowski KJ, Ončák M, Slavíček P. Direct Observation of Triple Ions in Aqueous Solutions of Nickel(II) Sulfate: A Molecular Link Between the Gas Phase and Bulk Behavior. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:2444-51. [DOI: 10.1021/ja105408a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Detlef Schröder
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Ducháčková
- Department of Organic and Nuclear Chemistry, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ján Tarábek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Milan Ončák
- Institute of Chemical Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Institute of Chemical Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
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78
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Bruna PJ, Greer S, Passmore J, Rautiainen JM. Evidence for [18-Crown-6 Na]2[S2O4] in Methanol and Dissociation to Na2S2O4 and 18-Crown-6 in the Solid State; Accounting for the Scarcity of Simple Oxy Dianion Salts of Alkali Metal Crown Ethers in the Solid State. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:1491-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ic102074a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo J. Bruna
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Scott Greer
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Jack Passmore
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - J. Mikko Rautiainen
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada
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79
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Warneke J, Dülcks T, Knapp C, Gabel D. Collision-induced gas-phase reactions of perhalogenated closo-dodecaborate clusters – a comparative study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:5712-21. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp02386h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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80
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Chakraborty A, Giri S, Duley S, Anoop A, Bultinck P, Chattaraj PK. Aromaticity in all-metal annular systems: the counter-ion effect. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:14865-78. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21430f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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81
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Hansen CN, Kirketerp MBS, Kristensen MB, Nielsen SB, Støchkel K, Wyer JA. On the stability of isolated Pt(SCN)42- dianions in vacuo and action spectroscopy experiments. Chem Phys Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2010.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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82
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Lu Y, Lent C. Self-doping of molecular quantum-dot cellular automata: mixed valence zwitterions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:14928-36. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21332f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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83
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Ning CG, Dau PD, Wang LS. Guiding electron emissions by excess negative charges in multiply charged molecular anions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:263001. [PMID: 21231651 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.263001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Using photoelectron imaging, we show the effects of excess negative charges on the directions of outgoing electrons in multiply charged anions. Photoemissions are observed to occur either in a perpendicular or parallel direction, depending on the molecular configurations and origins of the detached electrons. Detachment of the π electrons from biphenyl-disulfonate dianions is shown to occur in a perpendicular direction due to the Coulomb repulsion from the two terminal charges, whereas detachment from the sulfonate groups in linear aliphatic disulfonates occurs in parallel directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Gang Ning
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
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84
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Wang XB, Yang X, Wang LS. Probing solution-phase species and chemistry in the gas phase. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/01442350210157348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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85
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Szentpály LV. Universal Method to Calculate the Stability, Electronegativity, and Hardness of Dianions. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:10891-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jp107177d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- László von Szentpály
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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86
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Jiang W, Schalley CA. Tandem mass spectrometry for the analysis of self-sorted pseudorotaxanes: the effects of Coulomb interactions. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2010; 45:788-798. [PMID: 20544691 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The increasing complexity of self-assembled supramolecules generates the need for analytical techniques that can accurately elucidate their structures. Here, we explore the ability of tandem mass spectrometry to deliver structural information on a series of self-sorted crown ether/ammonium pseudorotaxanes. Of these intertwined molecules, different charge states are accessible and the effects of Coulomb interactions on the fragmentation pattern can be examined. Three different cases can be distinguished: (1) one or more counterions are present in the complex and compete with the crown for binding to the ammonium ion. This destabilizes the supramolecular bond. (2) In multiply charged complexes, charge repulsion significantly alters the fragmentation behavior as compared with singly charged ions. (3) If guest and host are both charged, the supramolecular bond becomes very weak. The different charge states provide different pieces of information about the supramolecules under study. Although singly charged complexes provide data on the building block connectivity, the doubly charged analogs are more reliable with respect to complex stoichiometry. As there are several factors which may cause differences in the gas phase and solution behavior of supramolecules (the presence and absence of solvation, changes in the strength of non-covalent interactions upon ionization), it is important to establish well understood correlations between the complexes' gas-phase behavior and their solution structures. A more detailed understanding will help to characterize the structures of even more complex supramolecular architectures by mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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87
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Xing XP, Wang XB, Wang LS. Photoelectron Imaging of Doubly Charged Anions, −O2C(CH2)nCO2− (n = 2−8): Observation of Near 0 eV Electrons Due to Secondary Dissociative Autodetachment. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:4524-30. [DOI: 10.1021/jp1011523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Peng Xing
- Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99354, Chemical & Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, and Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912
| | - Xue-Bin Wang
- Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99354, Chemical & Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, and Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912
| | - Lai-Sheng Wang
- Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99354, Chemical & Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, and Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912
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88
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Walsh N, Martinez F, Marx G, Schweikhard L, Ziegler F. First observation of a tetra-anionic metal cluster, Al(n)(4-). J Chem Phys 2010; 132:014308. [PMID: 20078162 DOI: 10.1063/1.3270153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The production of aluminum cluster tetra-anions, and thus the first observation of a tetra-anionic metal cluster in the gas-phase, is reported. The aluminum cluster polyanions were generated by use of the "electron-bath technique." The smallest tetra-anion observed was Al(215) (4-), containing 14% fewer atoms than expected from classical estimates of the tetra-anion appearance size.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Walsh
- Institute for Physics, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, Greifswald 17489, Germany.
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89
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Roy RK, Saha S. Studies of regioselectivity of large molecular systems using DFT based reactivity descriptors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b811052m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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90
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Du S, Francisco JS, Kais S. Study of electronic structure and dynamics of interacting free radicals influenced by water. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:124312. [PMID: 19334835 DOI: 10.1063/1.3100549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a study of electronic structure, stability, and dynamics of interaction and recombination of free radicals such as HO(2) and OH influenced by water. As simple model calculations, we performed ab initio and density functional calculations for the interaction of HO(2) and OH in the presence of water cluster. Results indicate that a significant interaction, overcoming the repulsive Columbic barrier, occurs at a separation distance between the radicals of 5.7 A. This confirms early predictions of the minimum size of molecular dianions stable in the gas phase. It is well known that atomic dianions are unstable in the gas phase but molecular dianions are stable when the size of the molecule is larger than 5.7 A. Ab initio molecular dynamics calculations with Car-Parrinello scheme show that the reaction is very fast and occurs on a time scale of about 1.5 ps. The difference in stability and dynamics of the interacting free radicals on singlet and triplet potential energy surfaces is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Du
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiano 47907, USA
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91
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Pernpointner M, Rapps T, Cederbaum LS. Jahn–Teller distortions in the photodetachment spectrum of PtCl62−: A four-component relativistic study. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:044322. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3193711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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92
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93
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Tonner R, Lein M, Wesendrup R, Schwerdtfeger P. A systematic density functional and wavefunction-based study on dicarboxyl dianions −O2C–R–CO2 − with R = C2, C2X2, C2X4, and C6X4 (X = H, F). Theor Chem Acc 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-009-0598-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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94
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Wang XB, Sergeeva AP, Xing XP, Massaouti M, Karpuschkin T, Hampe O, Boldyrev AI, Kappes MM, Wang LS. Probing the Electronic Stability of Multiply Charged Anions: Sulfonated Pyrene Tri- and Tetraanions. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:9836-42. [DOI: 10.1021/ja903615g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Bin Wang
- Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99354, Chemical & Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, Institut für Nanotechnologie, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, P.O. Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany, and Institut für Physikalische Cheme, Universität Karlsruhe, Kaiserstrasse 12, D-76128 Karlsruhe,
| | - Alina P. Sergeeva
- Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99354, Chemical & Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, Institut für Nanotechnologie, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, P.O. Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany, and Institut für Physikalische Cheme, Universität Karlsruhe, Kaiserstrasse 12, D-76128 Karlsruhe,
| | - Xiao-Peng Xing
- Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99354, Chemical & Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, Institut für Nanotechnologie, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, P.O. Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany, and Institut für Physikalische Cheme, Universität Karlsruhe, Kaiserstrasse 12, D-76128 Karlsruhe,
| | - Maria Massaouti
- Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99354, Chemical & Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, Institut für Nanotechnologie, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, P.O. Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany, and Institut für Physikalische Cheme, Universität Karlsruhe, Kaiserstrasse 12, D-76128 Karlsruhe,
| | - Tatjana Karpuschkin
- Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99354, Chemical & Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, Institut für Nanotechnologie, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, P.O. Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany, and Institut für Physikalische Cheme, Universität Karlsruhe, Kaiserstrasse 12, D-76128 Karlsruhe,
| | - Oliver Hampe
- Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99354, Chemical & Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, Institut für Nanotechnologie, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, P.O. Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany, and Institut für Physikalische Cheme, Universität Karlsruhe, Kaiserstrasse 12, D-76128 Karlsruhe,
| | - Alexander I. Boldyrev
- Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99354, Chemical & Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, Institut für Nanotechnologie, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, P.O. Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany, and Institut für Physikalische Cheme, Universität Karlsruhe, Kaiserstrasse 12, D-76128 Karlsruhe,
| | - Manfred M. Kappes
- Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99354, Chemical & Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, Institut für Nanotechnologie, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, P.O. Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany, and Institut für Physikalische Cheme, Universität Karlsruhe, Kaiserstrasse 12, D-76128 Karlsruhe,
| | - Lai-Sheng Wang
- Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99354, Chemical & Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, Institut für Nanotechnologie, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, P.O. Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany, and Institut für Physikalische Cheme, Universität Karlsruhe, Kaiserstrasse 12, D-76128 Karlsruhe,
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95
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Rensing C, Ehrler OT, Yang JP, Unterreiner AN, Kappes MM. Photodissociation dynamics of IrBr62− dianions by time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:234306. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3148377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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96
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Burow AM, Sierka M, Döbler J, Sauer J. Point defects in CaF2 and CeO2 investigated by the periodic electrostatic embedded cluster method. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:174710. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3123527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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97
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Bin Wang
- Department of Physics, Washington State University, Richland, Washington 99354, and Chemical and Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352;
| | - Lai-Sheng Wang
- Department of Physics, Washington State University, Richland, Washington 99354, and Chemical and Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352;
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98
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Xing XP, Wang XB, Wang LS. Photoelectron imaging of multiply charged anions: Effects of intramolecular Coulomb repulsion and photoelectron kinetic energies on photoelectron angular distributions. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:074301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3077230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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99
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Kertesz M, Yang S. Energetics of linear carbon chains in one-dimensional restricted environment. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:425-30. [PMID: 19089000 DOI: 10.1039/b812635f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The energetics of even and odd linear C(n) carbon chain clusters are investigated by hybrid density functional theory (DFT) calculations. These molecular species are especially interesting due to their recent observation inside carbon nanotubes by polarized resonant Raman spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) by different research groups. Neutral, anionic and dianionic carbon chains were studied with sizes up to n=75, although most presented calculations are limited to n<or= 24. Aggregation into longer chains is favored for neutral and anionic chains of any size. The barrier to aggregation of 2C(n)<-->C(2n) is of the order of 40-20 kcal mol(-1), which gradually decreases with increasing chain size, n. These barriers can be overcome during the high temperature synthesis or annealing conditions, but not when cooled down for the HRTEM and Raman experiments. Therefore, in addition to the already observed long chains also shorter chains should be observable under appropriate conditions inside carbon nanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miklos Kertesz
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington DC 20057-1227, USA.
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100
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Marcum JC, Weber JM. Electronic photodissociation spectra and decay pathways of gas-phase IrBr[sub 6]2−]. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:194309. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3265956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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