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Wang S, Qian K, Zhu Y, Yi X, Zhang G, Du G, Tay JH, Li J. Reactivation and pilot-scale application of long-term storage denitrification biofilm based on flow cytometry. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 148:368-377. [PMID: 30396102 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.10.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The work provides a method on the basis of flow cytometry to evaluate the performance of denitrification biofilm during the preservation, reactivation and pilot-scale operation process. The viable cell ratio of denitrification biofilm significantly reduced and further led to the decrease of denitrification capacity after long-term preservation for 5 months. Protein component in tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances (TB-EPS) could serve to enhance microbial adhesion and promote denitrification biofilm formation. With the significant correlation of viable cell ratio and microbial characteristics, 4 °C was more appropriate for preserving denitrification biofilm and conducive to maintain the relatively high denitrification capacity. A maximum denitrification rate of 5.80 gNO3--N/m2·d was obtained in pilot-scale anoxic-oxic (AO) process and Dechloromonas became greater prevalence in denitrification suspended carriers. Furthermore, the enrichment of Pseudomonas, Parcubacteria, Acidovorax, Aquabacterium and Unclassified_Flavobacteriaceae enhanced biofilm formation and nutrient conservation. The significantly positive correlation between viable cell ratio and the ratio of nitrate reduction to COD consumption was discovered, and the indices of Chao, ACE, Shannon and Simpson of denitrification biofilm were positively correlated with viable cell ratio, meaning that flow cytometry analysis was reasonable and suitable to evaluate the performances of denitrification biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu College of Water Treatment Technology and Material Collaborative Innovation Center, Suzhou, 215009, China; Department of Civil Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Kai Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yin Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xuesong Yi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570028, China
| | - Guangsheng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu College of Water Treatment Technology and Material Collaborative Innovation Center, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- Ministry Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Joo-Hwa Tay
- Department of Civil Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Ji Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu College of Water Treatment Technology and Material Collaborative Innovation Center, Suzhou, 215009, China.
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52
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Yu Z, Hu Y, Dzakpasu M, Wang XC, Ngo HH. Dynamic membrane bioreactor performance enhancement by powdered activated carbon addition: Evaluation of sludge morphological, aggregative and microbial properties. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 75:73-83. [PMID: 30473309 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The effects of powdered activated carbon (PAC) addition on sludge morphological, aggregative and microbial properties in a dynamic membrane bioreactor (DMBR) were investigated to explore the enhancement mechanism of pollutants removal and filtration performance. Sludge properties were analyzed through various analytical measurements. The results showed that the improved sludge aggregation ability and the evolution of microbial communities affected sludge morphology in PAC-DMBR, as evidenced by the formation of large, regularly shaped and strengthened sludge flocs. The modifications of sludge characteristics promoted the formation process and filtration flux of the dynamic membrane (DM) layer. Additionally, PAC addition did not exert very significant influence on the propagation of eukaryotes (protists and metazoans) and microbial metabolic activity. High-throughput pyrosequencing results indicated that adding PAC improved the bacterial diversity in activated sludge, as PAC addition brought about additional microenvironment in the form of biological PAC (BPAC), which promoted the enrichment of Acinetobacter (13.9%), Comamonas (2.9%), Flavobacterium (0.31%) and Pseudomonas (0.62%), all contributing to sludge flocs formation and several (such as Acinetobacter) capable of biodegrading relatively complex organics. Therefore, PAC addition could favorably modify sludge properties from various aspects and thus enhance the DMBR performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Yu
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yisong Hu
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Mawuli Dzakpasu
- International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Xiaochang C Wang
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710055, China; International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an 710055, China; Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
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53
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Wang Y, Pan Y, Li X, Zhang K, Zhu T. Sludge degradation and microbial community structures analysis in a microbial electrolysis cell-coupled up flow anaerobic blanket reactor with an ultrasound treatment system. RSC Adv 2018; 8:42032-42040. [PMID: 35558805 PMCID: PMC9092061 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08726a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study proposed a sludge degradation system comprised of: (i) an ultrasound treatment (UT) system to disintegrate sludge; (ii) an up flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor to degrade the disintegrated sludge; and (iii) a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) in replacement of a three-phase UASB separator to deeply degrade the disintegrated sludge. The influence of the ultrasound power, the temperature, and the voltage on the sludge degradation process was discussed. The experimental results showed that the UT unit effectively promoted sludge disintegration, thereby leading to deterioration of the quality of the reactor effluent. The temperature and the voltage parameters were found to be key for the anaerobic degradation (AD) process within this system. The volatile suspended solid concentration in the effluent was maintained at 320–380 mg L−1 (ca. 0.08 times the raw sludge concentration), thereby validating the utilization of MEC as a three-phase separation unit. The total chemical oxygen demand removal was maintained at 61.3% during 5 days of AD upon intermittent exposure of the sludge to the UT unit, thereby showing that the system can effectively degrade solid organic matter. The bacterial community structure of the raw sludge significantly changed, with the high biodiversity of this system increasing the ecological stability. This system can degrade sludge with high efficiency and could be used in further engineering applications. This study proposes an ultrasound treatment–up flow anaerobic sludge blanket–microbial electrolysis cell (UT-UASB-MEC) degradation system.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Youzhao Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 China
| | - Yuan Pan
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 China
| | - Xianjin Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 China
| | - Kuo Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 China
| | - Tong Zhu
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 China
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54
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Zhang B, Xu X, Zhu L. Activated sludge bacterial communities of typical wastewater treatment plants: distinct genera identification and metabolic potential differential analysis. AMB Express 2018; 8:184. [PMID: 30430271 PMCID: PMC6236004 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0714-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the differences in activated sludge microbial communities of different wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and understand their metabolic potentials, we sampled sludge from every biological treatment unit of 5 full-scale waste water treatment systems in 3 typical Chinese municipal WWTPs. The microbial communities and overall metabolic patterns were not only affected by influent characteristics but also varied between different biological treatment units. Distinct genera in different wastewater treatment systems were identified. The important microorganisms in domestic sewage treatment systems were unclassified SHA-20, Caldilinea, Dechloromonas, and unclassified genera from Rhodospirilaceae and Caldilineaceae. The important microorganisms in dyeing wastewater treatment systems were Nitrospira, Sphingobacteriales, Thiobacillus, Sinobacteraceae and Comamonadaceae. Compared with the obvious differences in microbial community composition, the metabolic potential showed no significant differences.
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55
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Zhu C, Wang H, Mahmood Z, Wang Q, Ma H. Biocompatibility and biodegradability of polyacrylate/ZnO nanocomposite during the activated sludge treatment process. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205990. [PMID: 30383763 PMCID: PMC6211664 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymer nanocomposites have been widely used in the preparation of coating agents in the leather industry. Considering the complex bio-effect and ecological risk of nanomaterial, research on the biodegradability and biocompatibility of polyacrylate/metal nanocomposites in activated sludge system is of specific significance. We investigated the change of the bacterial community and diversity of activated sludge fed with polyacrylate/ZnO nanocomposites in both low (500 mg COD /L) and high (1000 mg COD/L) doses. COD removal, dehydrogenase activity, and total protein of activated sludge system were monitored in all treatments over 30 days. The results demonstrated that the exposure to both polyacrylate/ ZnO nanocomposite and polyacrylate decreased the dehydrogenase activity at early stage comparing to the control, but had no significant influence on COD removal. Overall, the bacterial communities in activated sludge were resistant to polyacrylate/ZnO nanocomposites, and had higher levels of metabolic activity, protein accumulation and bioavailability when exposed to these chemicals comparing to the control especially at later stages of incubation (15-30 days), which indicated that these polyacrylate/ZnO nanocomposites of certain amount were biocompatible to activated sludge system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huiqin Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zarak Mahmood
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongrui Ma
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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56
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Microbial Community Composition and Antibiotic Resistance Genes within a North Carolina Urban Water System. WATER 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/w10111539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are thought to be potential incubators of antibiotic resistance. Persistence of commonly used antibiotics in wastewater may increase the potential for selection of resistance genes transferred between bacterial populations, some of which might pose a threat to human health. In this study, we measured the concentrations of ten antibiotics in wastewater plant influents and effluents, and in surface waters up- and downstream from two Charlotte area treatment facilities. We performed Illumina shotgun sequencing to assay the microbial community and resistome compositions at each site across four time points from late winter to mid-summer of 2016. Antibiotics are present throughout wastewater treatment, and elevated concentrations of multiple antibiotics are maintained in moving stream water downstream of effluent release. While some human gut and activated sludge associated taxa are detectable downstream, these seem to attenuate with distance while the core microbial community of the stream remains fairly consistent. We observe the slight suppression of functional pathways in the downstream microbial communities, including amino acid, carbohydrate, and nucleic acid metabolism, as well as nucleotide and amino acid scavenging. Nearly all antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and potentially pathogenic taxa are removed in the treatment process, though a few ARG markers are elevated downstream of effluent release. Taken together, these results represent baseline measurements that future studies can utilize to help to determine which factors control the movement of antibiotics and resistance genes through aquatic urban ecosystems before, during, and after wastewater treatment.
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57
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Wolff D, Krah D, Dötsch A, Ghattas AK, Wick A, Ternes TA. Insights into the variability of microbial community composition and micropollutant degradation in diverse biological wastewater treatment systems. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 143:313-324. [PMID: 29986241 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The biological potential of conventional wastewater treatment plants to remove micropollutants mainly depends on process conditions and the predominant microbial community. To explore this dependence and to connect the occurrence of genera with operating conditions, five pilot-scale reactors with different process conditions were combined into two reactor cascades and fed with the effluent of the primary clarifier of a municipal WWTP. All reactors and the WWTP were analyzed for the removal of 33 micropollutants by LC-MS/MS and the presence of the microbial community using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The overall removal of the micropollutants was slightly improved (ca. 20%) by the reactor cascades in comparison to the WWTP while certain compounds such as diatrizoate, venlafaxine or diclofenac showed an enhanced removal (ca. 70% in one or both cascades). To explore the diverse bacteria in more detail, the general community was divided into a core and a specialized community. Despite their profoundly different operating parameters (especially redox conditions), the different treatments share a core community consisted of 143 genera (9% of the overall community). Furthermore, the alpha- and beta-biodiversity as well as the occurrence of several genera belonging to the specialized microbial community could be linked to the prevalent process conditions of the individual treatments. Members of the specialized community also correlated with the removal of certain groups of micropollutants. Hence, the comparison of the specialized community with micropollutant removal and operating conditions via correlation analysis is a valuable tool for an extended evaluation of prevalent process conditions. Based on an extended data set this approach could also be used to identify organisms as indicators for operating conditions which are beneficial for an improved removal of specific micropollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Wolff
- Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), D-56068, Koblenz, Am Mainzer Tor 1, Germany
| | - Daniel Krah
- Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), D-56068, Koblenz, Am Mainzer Tor 1, Germany
| | - Andreas Dötsch
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Ghattas
- Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), D-56068, Koblenz, Am Mainzer Tor 1, Germany
| | - Arne Wick
- Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), D-56068, Koblenz, Am Mainzer Tor 1, Germany
| | - Thomas A Ternes
- Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), D-56068, Koblenz, Am Mainzer Tor 1, Germany.
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58
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Kruglova A, Mikola A, Gonzalez-Martinez A, Vahala R. Effect of sulfadiazine and trimethoprim on activated sludge performance and microbial community dynamics in laboratory-scale membrane bioreactors and sequencing batch reactors at 8°C. Biotechnol Prog 2018; 35:e2708. [PMID: 30294885 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The effect of antibiotics sulfadiazine and trimethoprim on activated sludge operated at 8°C was investigated. Performance and microbial communities of sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) and Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs) were compared before and after the exposure of antibiotics to the synthetic wastewater. The results revealed irreversible negative effect of these antibiotics in environmentally relevant concentrations on nitrifying microbial community of SBR activated sludge. In opposite, MBR sludge demonstrated fast adaptation and more stable performance during the antibiotics exposure. Dynamics of microbial community was greatly affected by presence of antibiotics. Bacteria from classes Betaproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes demonstrated the potential to develop antibiotic resistance in both wastewater treatment systems while Actinobacteria disappeared from all of the reactors after 60 days of antibiotics exposure. Altogether, results showed that operational parameters such as sludge retention time (SRT) and reactor configuration had great effect on microbial community composition of activated sludge and its vulnerability to antibiotics. Operation at long SRT allowed archaea, including ammonium oxidizing species (AOA) such as Nitrososphaera viennensis to grow in MBRs. AOA could have an important role in stable nitrification performance of MBR-activated sludge as a result of tolerance of archaea to antibiotics. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 35: e2708, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Mikola
- Dept. of Built Environment, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | | | - Riku Vahala
- Dept. of Built Environment, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
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59
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Zhang S, Sheng B, Lin W, Meng F. Day/night temperature differences (DNTD) trigger changes in nutrient removal and functional bacteria in membrane bioreactors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 636:1202-1210. [PMID: 29913582 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Temperature is a well-known environmental stress that influences both microbial metabolism and community structure in the biological wastewater treatment systems. In this study, responses of biological performance and sludge microbiota to the long-term day/night temperature differences (DNTD) were investigated in membrane bioreactors (MBRs). The results showed that the functional bacteria could sustained their ecological functions at low DNTD (20/30 °C), resulting in relatively stable performance with respect to nutrient removal. However, when the activated sludge was subjected to a high DNTD (17/33 °C), the effluent concentrations of COD, TN and TP were significantly higher in MBR-B than that in MBR-A. In addition, more severe membrane fouling occurred under the perturbation of high DNTD as revealed by the transmembrane pressure (TMP) profile, which was mainly attributed to the accumulation of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that DNTD showed negligible effect on the bacterial community structures. Nonetheless, the functional bacteria responded differently to DNTD, which were in accordance with the bioreactor performances. Specifically, Nitrospina (NOB) and Tetrasphaera (PAOs) appeared to be sensitive to both low and high DNTD. In contrast, a low DNTD showed marginal effects on the denitrifiers, while a high DNTD significantly decreased their abundances. More strikingly, filamentous bulking bacteria were found to be well-adapted to DNTD, indicating their tolerance to the daily temperature fluctuation. This study will advance our knowledge regarding the response of microbial ecology of activated sludge to daily temperature variations in full-scale MBRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqing Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Binbin Sheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Wenting Lin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Fangang Meng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, China.
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60
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Zhang X, Zheng S, Zhang H, Duan S. Autotrophic and heterotrophic nitrification-anoxic denitrification dominated the anoxic/oxic sewage treatment process during optimization for higher loading rate and energy savings. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 263:84-93. [PMID: 29730522 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.04.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study clarified the dominant nitrogen (N)-transformation pathway and the key ammonia-oxidizing microbial species at three loading levels during optimization of the anoxic/oxic (A/O) process for sewage treatment. Comprehensive N-transformation activity analysis showed that ammonia oxidization was performed predominantly by aerobic chemolithotrophic and heterotrophic ammonia oxidization, whereas N2 production was performed primarily by anoxic denitrification in the anoxic unit. The abundances of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, and anaerobic AOB in activated sludge reflected their activities on the basis of high-throughput sequencing data. AOB amoA gene clone libraries revealed that the predominant AOB species in sludge samples shifted from Nitrosomonas europaea (61% at the normal loading level) to Nitrosomonas oligotropha (58% and 81% at the two higher loading levels). Following isolation and sequencing, the predominant culturable heterotrophic AOB in sludge shifted from Agrobacterium tumefaciens (42% at the normal loading level) to Acinetobacter johnsonii (52% at the highest loading level).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyu Zhang
- School of Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences/State Key Lab of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shaokui Zheng
- School of Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences/State Key Lab of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Hangyu Zhang
- School of Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences/State Key Lab of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shoupeng Duan
- School of Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences/State Key Lab of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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61
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Xu H, Pei H, Jin Y, Ma C, Wang Y, Sun J, Li H. High-throughput sequencing reveals microbial communities in drinking water treatment sludge from six geographically distributed plants, including potentially toxic cyanobacteria and pathogens. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 634:769-779. [PMID: 29653422 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The microbial community structures of drinking water treatment sludge (DWTS) generated for raw water (RW) from different locations and with different source types - including river water, lake water and reservoir water -were investigated using high-throughput sequencing. Because the unit operations in the six DWTPs were similar, community composition in fresh sludge may be determined by microbial community in the corresponding RW. Although Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia, and Planctomycetes were the dominant phyla among the six DWTS samples, no single phylum exhibited similar abundance across all the samples, owing to differences in total phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand, Al, Fe, and chloride in RW. Three genera of potentially toxic cyanobacteria (Planktothrix, Microcystis and Cylindrospermopsis), and four potential pathogens (Escherichia coli, Bacteroides ovatus, Prevotella copri and Rickettsia) were found in sludge samples. Because proliferation of potentially toxic cyanobacteria and Rickettsia in RW was mainly affected by nutrients, while growth of Escherichia coli, Bacteroides ovatus and Prevotella copri in RW may be influenced by Fe, control of nutrients and Fe in RW is essential to decrease toxic cyanobacteria and pathogens in DWTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangzhou Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Haiyan Pei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; Provincial Engineering Center on Environmental Science and Technology, Jinan 250061, China.
| | - Yan Jin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Chunxia Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jiongming Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Hongmin Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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62
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Patsch D, Vliet S, Marcantini LG, Johnson DR. Generality of associations between biological richness and the rates of metabolic processes across microbial communities. Environ Microbiol 2018; 20:4356-4368. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Patsch
- Department of Environmental Systems ScienceETH Zürich 8092 Zürich Switzerland
- Department of Environmental MicrobiologySwiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag) 8600 Dübendorf Switzerland
| | - Simon Vliet
- Department of Environmental Systems ScienceETH Zürich 8092 Zürich Switzerland
- Department of Environmental MicrobiologySwiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag) 8600 Dübendorf Switzerland
| | - Lorenzo Garbani Marcantini
- Department of Urban Water ManagementSwiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag) 8600 Dübendorf Switzerland
| | - David R. Johnson
- Department of Environmental MicrobiologySwiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag) 8600 Dübendorf Switzerland
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63
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Nascimento AL, Souza AJ, Andrade PAM, Andreote FD, Coscione AR, Oliveira FC, Regitano JB. Sewage Sludge Microbial Structures and Relations to Their Sources, Treatments, and Chemical Attributes. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1462. [PMID: 30018612 PMCID: PMC6037839 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sewage sludges generation and their disposal have become one of the greatest challenges of the 21st century. They have great microbial diversity that may impact wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) efficiency and soil quality whether used as fertilizers. Therefore, this research aimed to characterize microbial community diversity and structure of 19 sewage sludges from São Paulo, Brazil, as well as to draw their relations to sludge sources [domestic and mixed (domestic+industrial)], biological treatments (redox conditions and liming), and chemical attributes, using molecular biology as a tool. All sludges revealed high bacterial diversity, but their sources and redox operating conditions as well as liming did not consistently affect bacterial community structures. Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum followed by Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes; whereas Clostridium was the dominant genus followed by Treponema, Propionibacterium, Syntrophus, and Desulfobulbus. The sludge samples could be clustered into six groups (C1 to C6) according their microbial structure similarities. Very high pH (≥11.9) was the main sludge attribute segregating C6, that presented very distinct microbial structure from the others. Its most dominant genera were Propionibacterium > > Comamonas > Brevundimonas > Methylobacterium ∼Stenotrophomonas ∼Cloacibacterium. The other clusters' dominant genera were Clostridium > > Treponema > Desulfobulbus ∼Syntrophus. Moreover, high Fe and S were important modulators of microbial structure in certain sludges undertaking anaerobic treatment and having relatively low N-Kj, B, and P contents (C5). However, high N-Kj, B, P, and low Fe and Al contents were typical of domestic, unlimed, and aerobically treated sludges (C1). In general, heavy metals had little impact on microbial community structure of the sludges. However, our sludges shared a common core of 77 bacteria, mostly Clostridium, Treponema, Syntrophus, and Comamonas. They should dictate microbial functioning within WWTPs, except by SS12 and SS13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altina Lacerda Nascimento
- Department of Soil Science, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Adijailton Jose Souza
- Department of Soil Science, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Pedro Avelino Maia Andrade
- Department of Soil Science, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Fernando Dini Andreote
- Department of Soil Science, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Aline Renée Coscione
- Center of Soil and Environmental Resources, Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Jussara Borges Regitano
- Department of Soil Science, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
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64
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Diversity and assembly patterns of activated sludge microbial communities: A review. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:1038-1047. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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65
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Blunt SM, Sackett JD, Rosen MR, Benotti MJ, Trenholm RA, Vanderford BJ, Hedlund BP, Moser DP. Association between degradation of pharmaceuticals and endocrine-disrupting compounds and microbial communities along a treated wastewater effluent gradient in Lake Mead. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 622-623:1640-1648. [PMID: 29056380 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The role of microbial communities in the degradation of trace organic contaminants in the environment is little understood. In this study, the biotransformation potential of 27 pharmaceuticals and endocrine-disrupting compounds was examined in parallel with a characterization of the native microbial community in water samples from four sites variously impacted by urban run-off and wastewater discharge in Lake Mead, Nevada and Arizona, USA. Samples included relatively pristine Colorado River water at the upper end of the lake, nearly pure tertiary-treated municipal wastewater entering via the Las Vegas Wash, and waters of mixed influence (Las Vegas Bay and Boulder Basin), which represented a gradient of treated wastewater effluent impact. Microbial diversity analysis based on 16S rRNA gene censuses revealed the community at this site to be distinct from the less urban-impacted locations, although all sites were similar in overall diversity and richness. Similarly, Biolog EcoPlate assays demonstrated that the microbial community at Las Vegas Wash was the most metabolically versatile and active. Organic contaminants added as a mixture to laboratory microcosms were more rapidly and completely degraded in the most wastewater-impacted sites (Las Vegas Wash and Las Vegas Bay), with the majority exhibiting shorter half-lives than at the other sites or in a bacteriostatic control. Although the reasons for enhanced degradation capacity in the wastewater-impacted sites remain to be established, these data are consistent with the acclimatization of native microorganisms (either through changes in community structure or metabolic regulation) to effluent-derived trace contaminants. This study suggests that in urban, wastewater-impacted watersheds, prior exposure to organic contaminants fundamentally alters the structure and function of microbial communities, which in turn translates into greater potential for the natural attenuation of these compounds compared to more pristine sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna M Blunt
- Division of Earth and Ecosystems Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA; School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4004, USA
| | - Joshua D Sackett
- Division of Earth and Ecosystems Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA; School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4004, USA
| | - Michael R Rosen
- United States Geological Survey, Water Science Field Team, Carson City, NV 89701, USA
| | - Mark J Benotti
- Applied Research and Development Center, Southern Nevada Water Authority, P.O. Box 99954, Las Vegas, NV 89193-9954, USA
| | - Rebecca A Trenholm
- Applied Research and Development Center, Southern Nevada Water Authority, P.O. Box 99954, Las Vegas, NV 89193-9954, USA
| | - Brett J Vanderford
- Applied Research and Development Center, Southern Nevada Water Authority, P.O. Box 99954, Las Vegas, NV 89193-9954, USA
| | - Brian P Hedlund
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4004, USA; Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4004, USA.
| | - Duane P Moser
- Division of Earth and Ecosystems Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89119, USA.
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66
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Tang J, Wang XC, Hu Y, Pu Y, Huang J, Hao Ngo H, Zeng Y, Li Y. Nitrogen removal enhancement using lactic acid fermentation products from food waste as external carbon sources: Performance and microbial communities. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 256:259-268. [PMID: 29454277 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, nitrogen removal using the lactic acid fermentation products from food waste and other external chemical carbon sources (sodium acetate, sodium lactate and starch) was investigated. Similar to sodium acetate and lactate, the lactic acid-enriched fermentation liquid from food waste (FLFW) exhibited a high denitrification rate (5.5 mg NOx-N/(g-VSS h)) and potential (0.16 g NO3--N/g COD), and could achieve high NH4+-N and total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiencies during long-term operation. Using FLFW as supplementary carbon sources reduced the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content, improved the settleability and achieved a satisfactory biomass yield of activated sludge. Additionally, the increased microbial metabolic activity and bacterial community diversity and the accumulation of unique bacteria in the activated sludge cultured with FLFW further promoted the organics utilization rate and nitrogen removal efficiency, indicating that the FLFW prepared from solid waste was an ideal carbon source for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Tang
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Xiaochang C Wang
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an 710055, China; Engineering Technology Research Center for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Yisong Hu
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yunhui Pu
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Jin Huang
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Yonggang Zeng
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yuyou Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 9808579, Japan
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67
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Seasonal bacterial community succession in four typical wastewater treatment plants: correlations between core microbes and process performance. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4566. [PMID: 29545533 PMCID: PMC5854665 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22683-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
To understand the seasonal variation of the activated sludge (AS) bacterial community and identify core microbes in different wastewater processing systems, seasonal AS samples were taken from every biological treatment unit within 4 full-scale wastewater treatment plants. These plants adopted A2/O, A/O and oxidation ditch processes and were active in the treatment of different types and sources of wastewater, some domestic and others industrial. The bacterial community composition was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing technology. The correlations among microbial community structure, dominant microbes and process performance were investigated. Seasonal variation had a stronger impact on the AS bacterial community than any variation within different wastewater treatment system. Facing seasonal variation, the bacterial community within the oxidation ditch process remained more stable those in either the A2/O or A/O processes. The core genera in domestic wastewater treatment systems were Nitrospira, Caldilineaceae, Pseudomonas and Lactococcus. The core genera in the textile dyeing and fine chemical industrial wastewater treatment systems were Nitrospira, Thauera and Thiobacillus.
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68
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Zhang S, Zhou Z, Li Y, Meng F. Deciphering the core fouling-causing microbiota in a membrane bioreactor: Low abundance but important roles. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 195:108-118. [PMID: 29258007 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Currently, membrane biofouling in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) is normally attributed to the occurrence of abundant bacterial species on membranes, whereas the roles of low-abundance bacteria have not been paid sufficient attention. In this study, the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) algorithm was used to identify active biomarkers, determining 67 different phylotypes among Bulk sludge, low-fouling Bio-cake (10 kPa), high-fouling Bio-cake (25 kPa) and Membrane pore in a membrane bioreactor with NaOCl backwash. Interestingly, a large proportion of the active biomarkers in bio-cake samples, such as Methylophilaceae, Burkholderiaceae, Paucibacter and Pseudoxanthomonas, did not fall within the abundant taxa (i.e., <0.05% relative abundance), indicating the preferential growth of these low-abundance bacteria on the membrane surface. Furthermore, the characterization of microbial interactions using a random matrix theory (RMT)-based network approach obtained a network consisting of 120 nodes and 228 edges. Specifically, network analysis showed the presence of an intense competition among bacterial species in the fouling-related communities, suggesting that negative interactions have an important effect on determining the microbial community structure. More importantly, the LEfSe algorithm and network analysis showed that most of the core species of the bio-cake, such as Burkholderiaceae, Bacillus and Rhodothermaceae, merely amounted to a very low relative abundance (<1%), suggesting their unrecognized and over-proportional ecological role in triggering the initial biofilm formation and subsequent biofilm maturation during MBR operation. Overall, this work should improve our understanding of the bacterial community structure on the fouled membranes in MBRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqing Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Zhongbo Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangang Meng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
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69
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Metch JW, Burrows ND, Murphy CJ, Pruden A, Vikesland PJ. Metagenomic analysis of microbial communities yields insight into impacts of nanoparticle design. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 13:253-259. [PMID: 29335567 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-017-0029-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Next-generation DNA sequencing and metagenomic analysis provide powerful tools for the environmentally friendly design of nanoparticles. Herein we demonstrate this approach using a model community of environmental microbes (that is, wastewater-activated sludge) dosed with gold nanoparticles of varying surface coatings and morphologies. Metagenomic analysis was highly sensitive in detecting the microbial community response to gold nanospheres and nanorods with either cetyltrimethylammonium bromide or polyacrylic acid surface coatings. We observed that the gold-nanoparticle morphology imposes a stronger force in shaping the microbial community structure than does the surface coating. Trends were consistent in terms of the compositions of both taxonomic and functional genes, which include antibiotic resistance genes, metal resistance genes and gene-transfer elements associated with cell stress that are relevant to public health. Given that nanoparticle morphology remained constant, the potential influence of gold dissolution was minimal. Surface coating governed the nanoparticle partitioning between the bioparticulate and aqueous phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob W Metch
- Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Nathan D Burrows
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Catherine J Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Amy Pruden
- Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
| | - Peter J Vikesland
- Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
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70
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Gwin CA, Lefevre E, Alito CL, Gunsch CK. Microbial community response to silver nanoparticles and Ag + in nitrifying activated sludge revealed by ion semiconductor sequencing. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 616-617:1014-1021. [PMID: 29122352 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which are known to act as biocides, are incorporated into medical and consumer products including athletic clothing, stuffed animals, liquid dietary supplements, and more. The increasing use of AgNPs in these products is likely to lead to their entry into both natural and engineered systems, which has the potential to disrupt bacterial processes including those involved in nutrient cycling in wastewater treatment. In the present study, sequencing batch reactors (SBR) mimicking secondary wastewater treatment were operated to determine the effects of AgNPs on the microbial communities contained within activated sludge of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). SBRs were treated with 0.2 and 2ppm of either gum Arabic (GA)-coated AgNPs, citrate (Ca)-coated AgNPs, or Ag+ as AgNO3. Cell samples were collected and DNA isolated periodically throughout SBR operation. DNA was used for Ion Torrent Next Gen Sequencing of the V3 region of the 16S rDNA gene. Subsequent analyses revealed that the microbial community both shifted and recovered quickly in response to Ag+. Both AgNP treatments resulted in slower initial community shifts than that observed with the Ag+ treatment. GA-AgNPs elicited the longest lasting effect. Additional examination of nitrogen removal bacteria suggested the possibility of an increase in sludge bulking species with increased concentrations of AgNPs in WWTPs. This study supports the hypothesis that Ag+ release from AgNPs is largely coating-dependent and thus a key driver in dictating AgNP toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carley A Gwin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Box 90287, Durham, NC 27708, United States; Center for Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Bucknell University, 1 Dent Drive, Lewisburg, PA 17837, United States
| | - Emilie Lefevre
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Box 90287, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Christina L Alito
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Box 90287, Durham, NC 27708, United States; Center for Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Claudia K Gunsch
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Box 90287, Durham, NC 27708, United States; Center for Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States.
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71
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Zhang B, Xu X, Zhu L. Structure and function of the microbial consortia of activated sludge in typical municipal wastewater treatment plants in winter. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17930. [PMID: 29263391 PMCID: PMC5738398 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17743-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
To better understand the relationship between the environmental variables and microbial communities of activated sludge, we took winter samples from different biological treatment units (anaerobic, oxic, etc) from the WWTP's of a number of Chinese cities. Differences in influent organic components and activated sludge microbial communities were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-throughput sequencing technology, respectively. Liquid nitrogen grinding pretreatment of samples was found to aid in the obtaining of a more bio-diversified sample. Influent type and dissolved oxygen concentration influenced the activated sludge microbial community structure. Nitrospira, Caldilineaceae and Anaerolineaceae were highly related to domestic wastewater treatment systems, whereas Thauera was the most abundant putative refractory aromatic hydrocarbon decomposer found in industrial wastewater treatment systems. Within the influent composition, we speculate that Thauera, Macellibacteroides and Desulfomicrobium are the key functional genera of the anaerobic environment of the textile dyeing industry wastewater treatment systems, whilst Thauera and Thiobacillus are key functional microbes in fine chemical wastewater treatment systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyang Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China.
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China.
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72
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Davids M, Gudra D, Radovica-Spalvina I, Fridmanis D, Bartkevics V, Muter O. The effects of ibuprofen on activated sludge: Shift in bacterial community structure and resistance to ciprofloxacin. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 340:291-299. [PMID: 28719845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.06.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ibuprofen (IBP) is ranked at the 4th place among 57 pharmaceutical compounds according to the number of citations in prioritization documents. The response of microbial community of activated sludge to IBP was studied at the concentrations of 50-5000mg/L. Batch incubation was performed in an OxiTop® device for 21days. The reduction of biological oxygen demand depended on the IBP concentration and varied in the range from 321 to 107mg O2/L. Massive DNA sequencing analysis of the activated sludge revealed that Proteobacteria became more dominant when grown in the presence of IBP. Microbial diversity was reduced in the presence of 500-1000mg/L IBP, but increased again in the presence of 5000mg/L IBP, despite the domination of Enterobacteriales (48.1%) in this sample. Incubation of activated sludge in the presence of 1000mg/L IBP led to an increased occurrence of ciprofloxacin-resistant bacteria. The use of Eosin Methylene Blue Agar for disc diffusion assay was shown to be more appropriate in order to reveal the changes in antibiotic resistance. The predominance of Enterobacteriales in the activated sludge is suggested as one of the possible explanations of the enhanced resistance to ciprofloxacin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madars Davids
- Institute of Microbiology & Biotechnology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Str. 1, Riga LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Dita Gudra
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str. 1, Riga LV-1067, Latvia
| | | | - Davids Fridmanis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str. 1, Riga LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Vadims Bartkevics
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Str. 1, Riga LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Olga Muter
- Institute of Microbiology & Biotechnology, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Str. 1, Riga LV-1004, Latvia.
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73
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Luo J, Lv P, Zhang J, Fane AG, McDougald D, Rice SA. Succession of biofilm communities responsible for biofouling of membrane bio-reactors (MBRs). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179855. [PMID: 28686622 PMCID: PMC5501448 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilm formation is one of the main factors associated with membrane biofouling in membrane bioreactors (MBRs). As such, it is important to identify the responsible organisms to develop targeted strategies to control biofouling. This study investigated the composition and changes in the microbial communities fouling MBR membranes over time and correlated those changes with an increase in transmembrane pressure (TMP). Based on qPCR data, bacteria were the dominant taxa of the biofilm (92.9–98.4%) relative to fungi (1.5–6.9%) and archaea (0.03–0.07%). NMDS analysis indicated that during the initial stages of operation, the biofilm communities were indistinguishable from those found in the sludge. However, the biofilm community significantly diverged from the sludge over time and ultimately showed a unique biofilm profile. This suggested that there was strong selection for a group of organisms that were biofilm specialists. This pattern of succession and selection was correlated with the rapid increase in TMP, where bacteria including Rhodospirillales, Sphingomonadales and Rhizobiales dominated the biofilm at this time. While most of the identified fungal OTUs matched Candida sp., the majority of fungal communities were unclassified by 18S rRNA gene sequencing. Collectively, the data suggests that bacteria, primarily, along with fungi may play an important role in the rapid TMP increase and loss of system performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxue Luo
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pengyi Lv
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- Singapore Membrane Technology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anthony G. Fane
- Singapore Membrane Technology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Diane McDougald
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- The ithree Institute, The University of Technology Sydney, Sydney New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Scott A. Rice
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- The ithree Institute, The University of Technology Sydney, Sydney New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- * E-mail:
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74
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Szabó E, Liébana R, Hermansson M, Modin O, Persson F, Wilén BM. Microbial Population Dynamics and Ecosystem Functions of Anoxic/Aerobic Granular Sludge in Sequencing Batch Reactors Operated at Different Organic Loading Rates. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:770. [PMID: 28507540 PMCID: PMC5410608 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The granular sludge process is an effective, low-footprint alternative to conventional activated sludge wastewater treatment. The architecture of the microbial granules allows the co-existence of different functional groups, e.g., nitrifying and denitrifying communities, which permits compact reactor design. However, little is known about the factors influencing community assembly in granular sludge, such as the effects of reactor operation strategies and influent wastewater composition. Here, we analyze the development of the microbiomes in parallel laboratory-scale anoxic/aerobic granular sludge reactors operated at low (0.9 kg m-3d-1), moderate (1.9 kg m-3d-1) and high (3.7 kg m-3d-1) organic loading rates (OLRs) and the same ammonium loading rate (0.2 kg NH4-N m-3d-1) for 84 days. Complete removal of organic carbon and ammonium was achieved in all three reactors after start-up, while the nitrogen removal (denitrification) efficiency increased with the OLR: 0% at low, 38% at moderate, and 66% at high loading rate. The bacterial communities at different loading rates diverged rapidly after start-up and showed less than 50% similarity after 6 days, and below 40% similarity after 84 days. The three reactor microbiomes were dominated by different genera (mainly Meganema, Thauera, Paracoccus, and Zoogloea), but these genera have similar ecosystem functions of EPS production, denitrification and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) storage. Many less abundant but persistent taxa were also detected within these functional groups. The bacterial communities were functionally redundant irrespective of the loading rate applied. At steady-state reactor operation, the identity of the core community members was rather stable, but their relative abundances changed considerably over time. Furthermore, nitrifying bacteria were low in relative abundance and diversity in all reactors, despite their large contribution to nitrogen turnover. The results suggest that the OLR has considerable impact on the composition of the granular sludge communities, but also that the granule communities can be dynamic even at steady-state reactor operation due to high functional redundancy of several key guilds. Knowledge about microbial diversity with specific functional guilds under different operating conditions can be important for engineers to predict the stability of reactor functions during the start-up and continued reactor operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enikö Szabó
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburg, Sweden
| | - Raquel Liébana
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburg, Sweden
| | - Malte Hermansson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of GothenburgGothenburg, Sweden
| | - Oskar Modin
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburg, Sweden
| | - Frank Persson
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburg, Sweden
| | - Britt-Marie Wilén
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburg, Sweden
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75
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Muter O, P Erkons I, Selga T, Berzins A, Gudra D, Radovica-Spalvina I, Fridmanis D, Bartkevics V. Removal of pharmaceuticals from municipal wastewaters at laboratory scale by treatment with activated sludge and biostimulation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 584-585:402-413. [PMID: 28126281 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Municipal wastewater containing 21 pharmaceutical compounds, as well as activated sludge obtained from the aeration tank of the same wastewater treatment plant were used in lab-scale biodegradation experiments. The concentrations of pharmaceutical compounds were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry and ranged from 13.2ng/L to 51.8μg/L. Activated sludge was characterized in the terms of phylogenetic and catabolic diversity of microbial community, as well as its morphology. Proteobacteria (24.0%) represented the most abundant phylum, followed by Bacteroidetes (19.8%) and Firmicutes (13.2%). Bioaugmentation of wastewater with activated sludge stimulated the biodegradation process for 14 compounds. The concentration of carbamazepine in non-amended and bioaugmented WW decreased during the first 17h up to 30% and 70%, respectively. Diclofenac and ibuprofen demonstrated comparatively slow removal. The stimulating effect of the added nutrients was observed for the degradation of almost all pharmaceuticals detected in WW. The most pronounced effect of nutrients was found for erythromycin. The results were compared with those obtained for the full-scale WW treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Muter
- Institute of Microbiology & Biotechnology, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., Riga LV-1004, Latvia.
| | - Ingus P Erkons
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., Riga LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Turs Selga
- Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., Riga LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Andrejs Berzins
- Institute of Microbiology & Biotechnology, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., Riga LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Dita Gudra
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, 1 Ratsupites Str., Riga LV-1067, Latvia
| | | | - Davids Fridmanis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, 1 Ratsupites Str., Riga LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Vadims Bartkevics
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., Riga LV-1004, Latvia
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76
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Detection of Viable Bacteria during Sludge Ozonation by the Combination of ATP Assay with PMA-Miseq Sequencing. WATER 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/w9030166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Using sludge obtained from municipal sewage treatment plants, the response of viable bacterial populations during the sludge ozonation process was investigated by a combination of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) assay and propidium monoazide (PMA)-Miseq sequencing. The ATP assay was first optimized for application on sludge samples by adjusting the sludge solid contents and reaction time. PMA-modified polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was also optimized by choosing the suitable final PMA concentration. The quantity and composition of viable bacterial populations during sludge ozonation were further elucidated using the optimized ATP and PMA-modified PCR methods. The results indicated that after the sludge was exposed to ozone (O3) at 135 mg·O3/g total suspended solids (TSS), the viable biomass displayed a substantial decrease, with a reduction rate reaching 70.89%. The composition of viable bacterial communities showed a faster succession, showing that an ozone dosage of 114 mg·O3/g TSS is enough to significantly change the viable bacterial population structure. Floc-forming genera, such as Zoogloea, Ferruginibacter, Thauera and Turneriella, are sensitive to ozonation, while the relative abundances of some functional bacterial genera, including SM1A02, Nitrospira and Candidatus Accumulibacter, remained constant or increased in the viable bacterial population during sludge ozonation, indicating that they are more resistant to ozonation.
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77
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Tian H, Liu J, Feng T, Li H, Wu X, Li B. Assessing the performance and microbial structure of biofilms adhering on aerated membranes for domestic saline sewage treatment. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra03755d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MABR for effective treatment of domestic saline sewage and its microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Tian
- College of Bioengineering
- Henan University of Technology
- Zhengzhou 450001
- PR China
| | - Jie Liu
- College of Architecture and Urban Planning
- Chongqing Jiaotong University
- Chongqing 400074
- PR China
| | - Tengteng Feng
- Shandong Academy of Environmental Science
- Jinan 250013
- PR China
| | - Haifeng Li
- College of Bioengineering
- Henan University of Technology
- Zhengzhou 450001
- PR China
| | - Xiaolei Wu
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering
- College of Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- PR China
| | - Baoan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
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78
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Fan X, Zhu Y, Gu P, Li Y, Xiao G, Song D, Wang Y, He R, Zheng H, Li Q. Bacterial community compositions of propylene oxide saponification wastewater treatment plants. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra27808f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the bacterial community structures of propylene oxide saponification wastewater treatment plants were explored for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Fan
- School of Biological Science and Technology
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
- China
| | - Ying Zhu
- New Materials Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences
- Jinan
- China
| | - Pengfei Gu
- School of Biological Science and Technology
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
- China
| | - Yumei Li
- School of Biological Science and Technology
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
- China
| | - Guiqing Xiao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology
- Hunan Agricultural University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Dongxue Song
- School of Biological Science and Technology
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
- China
| | - Yiwei Wang
- School of Biological Science and Technology
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
- China
| | - Rong He
- School of Biological Science and Technology
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
- China
| | - Huajun Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC
- SIPPR
- IRD
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
| | - Qiang Li
- School of Biological Science and Technology
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
- China
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79
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Gokal J, Awolusi OO, Enitan AM, Kumari S, Bux F. Chapter 4 Molecular Characterization and Quantification of Microbial Communities in Wastewater Treatment Systems. Microb Biotechnol 2016. [DOI: 10.1201/9781315367880-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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80
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Martirani-Von Abercron SM, Pacheco D, Benito-Santano P, Marín P, Marqués S. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Induced Changes in Bacterial Community Structure under Anoxic Nitrate Reducing Conditions. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1775. [PMID: 27877167 PMCID: PMC5099901 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although bacterial anaerobic degradation of mono-aromatic compounds has been characterized in depth, the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as naphthalene has only started to be understood in sulfate reducing bacteria, and little is known about the anaerobic degradation of PAHs in nitrate reducing bacteria. Starting from a series of environments which had suffered different degrees of hydrocarbon pollution, we used most probable number (MPN) enumeration to detect and quantify the presence of bacterial communities able to degrade several PAHs using nitrate as electron acceptor. We detected the presence of a substantial nitrate reducing community able to degrade naphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene (2MN), and anthracene in some of the sites. With the aim of isolating strains able to degrade PAHs under denitrifying conditions, we set up a series of enrichment cultures with nitrate as terminal electron acceptor and PAHs as the only carbon source and followed the changes in the bacterial communities throughout the process. Results evidenced changes attributable to the imposed nitrate respiration regime, which in several samples were exacerbated in the presence of the PAHs. The presence of naphthalene or 2MN enriched the community in groups of uncultured and poorly characterized organisms, and notably in the Acidobacteria uncultured group iii1-8, which in some cases was only a minor component of the initial samples. Other phylotypes selected by PAHs in these conditions included Bacilli, which were enriched in naphthalene enrichments. Several nitrate reducing strains showing the capacity to grow on PAHs could be isolated on solid media, although the phenotype could not be reproduced in liquid cultures. Analysis of known PAH anaerobic degradation genes in the original samples and enrichment cultures did not reveal the presence of PAH-related nmsA-like sequences but confirmed the presence of bssA-like genes related to anaerobic toluene degradation. Altogether, our results suggest that PAH degradation by nitrate reducing bacteria may require the contribution of different strains, under culture conditions that still need to be defined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Pacheco
- Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Department of Environmental Protection, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Granada, Spain
| | - Patricia Benito-Santano
- Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Department of Environmental Protection, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Granada, Spain
| | - Patricia Marín
- Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Department of Environmental Protection, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Granada, Spain
| | - Silvia Marqués
- Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Department of Environmental Protection, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Granada, Spain
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81
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Ma SJ, Ding LL, Huang H, Geng JJ, Xu K, Zhang Y, Ren HQ. Effects of DO levels on surface force, cell membrane properties and microbial community dynamics of activated sludge. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 214:645-652. [PMID: 27187569 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we employ atomic force microscopy (AFM), fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) technique, phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) and MiSeq analysis to study the effects of traditional dissolved oxygen (DO) levels (0.71-1.32mg/L, 2.13-3.02mg/L and 4.31-5.16mg/L) on surface force, cell membrane properties and microbial community dynamics of activated sludge. Results showed that low DO level enhanced the surface force and roughness of activated sludge; the medium DO level decreased cell membrane fluidity by reducing the synthesis of branched fatty acids in the cell membrane; high DO level resulted in the highest protein content in the effluent by EEM scanning. Abundance of Micropruina, Zoogloea and Nakamurella increased and Paracoccus and Rudaea decreased with the increase of DO levels. RDA analysis suggested that saturated fatty acids (SFA), anteiso-fatty acids (AFA) and iso-fatty acids (IFA) were closely related to effluent quality as well as some genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Jia Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Li-Li Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jin-Ju Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ke Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hong-Qiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China.
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82
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Singer HP, Wössner AE, McArdell CS, Fenner K. Rapid Screening for Exposure to "Non-Target" Pharmaceuticals from Wastewater Effluents by Combining HRMS-Based Suspect Screening and Exposure Modeling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:6698-707. [PMID: 26938046 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b03332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) have raised considerable concern over the past decade due to their widespread detection in water resources and their potential to affect ecosystem health. This triggered many attempts to prioritize the large number of known APIs to target monitoring efforts and testing of fate and effects. However, so far, a comprehensive approach to screen for their presence in surface waters has been missing. Here, we explore a combination of an automated suspect screening approach based on liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry and a model-based prioritization using consumption data, readily predictable fate properties and a generic mass balance model for activated sludge treatment to comprehensively detect APIs with relevant exposure in wastewater treatment plant effluents. The procedure afforded the detection of 27 APIs that had not been covered in our previous target method, which included 119 parent APIs. The newly detected APIs included seven compounds with a high potential for bioaccumulation and persistence, and also three compounds that were suspected to stem from point sources rather than from consumption as medicines. Analytical suspect screening proved to be more selective than model-based prioritization, making it the method of choice for focusing analytical method development or fate and effect testing on those APIs most relevant to the aquatic environment. However, we found that state-of-the-practice exposure modeling used to predict potential high-exposure substances can be a useful complement to point toward oversights and known or suspected detection gaps in the analytical method, most of which were related to insufficient ionization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heinz P Singer
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Annika E Wössner
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Systems Science (D-USYS), ETH Zürich , 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christa S McArdell
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Kathrin Fenner
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Systems Science (D-USYS), ETH Zürich , 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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83
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Hu Y, Wang XC, Yu Z, Ngo HH, Sun Q, Zhang Q. New insight into fouling behavior and foulants accumulation property of cake sludge in a full-scale membrane bioreactor. J Memb Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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84
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Zhang Y, Wang XC, Cheng Z, Li Y, Tang J. Effects of additional fermented food wastes on nitrogen removal enhancement and sludge characteristics in a sequential batch reactor for wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:12890-12899. [PMID: 26988362 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6447-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In order to enhance nitrogen removal from domestic wastewater with a carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio as low as 2.2:1, external carbon source was prepared by short-term fermentation of food wastes and its effect was evaluated by experiments using sequencing batch reactors (SBRs). The addition of fermented food wastes, with carbohydrate (42.8 %) and organic acids (24.6 %) as the main organic carbon components, could enhance the total nitrogen (TN) removal by about 25 % in contrast to the 20 % brought about by the addition of sodium acetate when the C/N ratio was equally adjusted to 6.6:1. The fermented food waste addition resulted in more efficient denitrification in the first anoxic stage of the SBR operation cycle than sodium acetate. In order to characterize the metabolic potential of microorganisms by utilizing different carbon sources, Biolog-ECO tests were conducted with activated sludge samples from the SBRs. As a result, in comparison with sodium acetate, the sludge sample by fermented food waste addition showed a greater average well color development (AWCD590), better utilization level of common carbon sources, and higher microbial diversity indexes. As a multi-organic mixture, fermented food wastes seem to be superior over mono-organic chemicals as an external carbon source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmei Zhang
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710055, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochang C Wang
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, People's Republic of China.
- International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an, 710055, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhe Cheng
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyou Li
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jialing Tang
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710055, People's Republic of China
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85
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Gao P, Xu W, Sontag P, Li X, Xue G, Liu T, Sun W. Correlating microbial community compositions with environmental factors in activated sludge from four full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plants in Shanghai, China. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:4663-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7307-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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86
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Liang H, Ye D, Li P, Su T, Wu J, Luo L. Evolution of bacterial consortia in an integrated tannery wastewater treatment process. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19603a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PCR-DGGE and Illumina HiSeq revealed the composition of bacterial communities in tannery sewage treatment and their linkages with the physicochemical characteristics of wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebin Liang
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Dongdong Ye
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Pan Li
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Tingting Su
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Jiegen Wu
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Lixin Luo
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
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87
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Karas P, Metsoviti A, Zisis V, Ehaliotis C, Omirou M, Papadopoulou ES, Menkissoglou-Spiroudi U, Manta S, Komiotis D, Karpouzas DG. Dissipation, metabolism and sorption of pesticides used in fruit-packaging plants: Towards an optimized depuration of their pesticide-contaminated agro-industrial effluents. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 530-531:129-139. [PMID: 26042894 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.05.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Wastewaters from the fruit-packaging industry constitute a serious point source contamination with pesticides. In the absence of effective depuration methods, they are discharged in municipal wastewater treatment plants or spread to land. Modified biobeds could be an applicable solution for their treatment. We studied the dissipation of thiabendazole (TBZ), imazalil (IMZ), ortho-phenylphenol (OPP), diphenylamine (DPA) and ethoxyquin (EQ), used by the fruit-packaging industry, in anaerobically digested sewage sludge, liquid aerobic sewage sludge and in various organic substrates (biobeds packing materials) composed of soil, straw and spend mushroom substrate (SMS) in various volumetric ratios. Pesticide sorption was also determined. TBZ and IMZ showed higher persistence especially in the anaerobically digested sewage sludge (DT50=32.3-257.6d), in contrast to OPP and DPA which were rapidly dissipated especially in liquid aerobic sewage sludge (DT50=1.3-9.3d). EQ was rapidly oxidized mainly to quinone imine (QI) which did not persist and dimethyl ethoxyquinoline (EQNL, minor metabolite) which persisted for longer. Sterilization of liquid aerobic sewage sludge inhibited pesticide decay verifying the microbial nature of pesticide dissipation. Organic substrates rich in SMS showed the highest dissipation capacity with TBZ and IMZ DT50s of ca. 28 d compared to DT50s of >50 d in the other substrates. TBZ and IMZ showed the highest sorption affinity, whereas OPP and DPA were weakly sorbed. Our findings suggest that current disposal practices could not guarantee an efficient depuration of effluents from the fruit-packaging industry, whereas SMS-rich biobed organic substrates show efficient depuration of effluents from the fruit-packaging industry via accelerated dissipation even of recalcitrant fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Karas
- University of Thessaly, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Ploutonos 26 and Aiolou, 41221 Larissa, Greece
| | - Aria Metsoviti
- University of Thessaly, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Ploutonos 26 and Aiolou, 41221 Larissa, Greece
| | - Vasileios Zisis
- University of Thessaly, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Ploutonos 26 and Aiolou, 41221 Larissa, Greece
| | - Constantinos Ehaliotis
- Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Natural Resources and Agricultural Engineering, Laboratory of Soils and Agricultural Chemistry, 75 Iera Odos Str., 11855 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Evangelia S Papadopoulou
- University of Thessaly, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Ploutonos 26 and Aiolou, 41221 Larissa, Greece; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Urania Menkissoglou-Spiroudi
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Stella Manta
- University of Thessaly, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Ploutonos 26 and Aiolou, 41221 Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitri Komiotis
- University of Thessaly, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Ploutonos 26 and Aiolou, 41221 Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios G Karpouzas
- University of Thessaly, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Ploutonos 26 and Aiolou, 41221 Larissa, Greece.
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88
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Aida AA, Kuroda K, Yamamoto M, Nakamura A, Hatamoto M, Yamaguchi T. Diversity Profile of Microbes Associated with Anaerobic Sulfur Oxidation in an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor Treating Municipal Sewage. Microbes Environ 2015; 30:157-63. [PMID: 25817585 PMCID: PMC4462926 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me14105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We herein analyzed the diversity of microbes involved in anaerobic sulfur oxidation in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor used for treating municipal sewage under low-temperature conditions. Anaerobic sulfur oxidation occurred in the absence of oxygen, with nitrite and nitrate as electron acceptors; however, reactor performance parameters demonstrated that anaerobic conditions were maintained. In order to gain insights into the underlying basis of anaerobic sulfur oxidation, the microbial diversity that exists in the UASB sludge was analyzed comprehensively to determine their identities and contribution to sulfur oxidation. Sludge samples were collected from the UASB reactor over a period of 2 years and used for bacterial 16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and next-generation sequencing analyses. T-RFLP and sequencing results both showed that microbial community patterns changed markedly from day 537 onwards. Bacteria belonging to the genus Desulforhabdus within the phylum Proteobacteria and uncultured bacteria within the phylum Fusobacteria were the main groups observed during the period of anaerobic sulfur oxidation. Their abundance correlated with temperature, suggesting that these bacterial groups played roles in anaerobic sulfur oxidation in UASB reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azrina A Aida
- Department of Environmental Systems Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology
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89
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Luo J, Zhang J, Barnes RJ, Tan X, McDougald D, Fane AG, Zhuang G, Kjelleberg S, Cohen Y, Rice SA. The application of nitric oxide to control biofouling of membrane bioreactors. Microb Biotechnol 2015; 8:549-60. [PMID: 25752591 PMCID: PMC4408187 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel strategy to control membrane bioreactor (MBR) biofouling using the nitric oxide (NO) donor compound PROLI NONOate was examined. When the biofilm was pre-established on membranes at transmembrane pressure (TMP) of 88–90 kPa, backwashing of the membrane module with 80 μM PROLI NONOate for 45 min once daily for 37 days reduced the fouling resistance (Rf) by 56%. Similarly, a daily, 1 h exposure of the membrane to 80 μM PROLI NONOate from the commencement of MBR operation for 85 days resulted in reduction of the TMP and Rf by 32.3% and 28.2%. The microbial community in the control MBR was observed to change from days 71 to 85, which correlates with the rapid TMP increase. Interestingly, NO-treated biofilms at 85 days had a higher similarity with the control biofilms at 71 days relative to the control biofilms at 85 days, indicating that the NO treatment delayed the development of biofilm bacterial community. Despite this difference, sequence analysis indicated that NO treatment did not result in a significant shift in the dominant fouling species. Confocal microscopy revealed that the biomass of biopolymers and microorganisms in biofilms were all reduced on the PROLI NONOate-treated membranes, where there were reductions of 37.7% for proteins and 66.7% for microbial cells, which correlates with the reduction in TMP. These results suggest that NO treatment could be a promising strategy to control biofouling in MBRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxue Luo
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Biological Sciences, 60 Nanyang Drive, SBS-01N-27, Singapore, 637551; Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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90
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Bafana A, Kumar G, Kashyap SM, Kanade GS, Shinde VM. Dynamics of effluent treatment plant during commissioning of activated sludge process unit. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:3538-3546. [PMID: 25249053 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3597-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Industrial effluent treatment plants (ETPs) are very important in protecting the environment and different life forms from harmful industrial waste. Hence, the efficiency of ETPs must be regularly monitored, particularly after major repair or replacement work. Present study evaluated the performance of an ETP over a period of 4 months, during which aeration tank (T1) of the activated sludge unit was replaced with a new one (T2). System had to be maintained operational during this transition, which warranted close monitoring of the system performance due to the daily load of hazardous industrial wastewater. Analysis showed that the raw wastewater was highly variable in composition and contained many hazardous organic and inorganic pollutants, such as heavy metals, bisphenol A and cyanoacetylurea. It showed significant toxicity against HepG2 cells in vitro. However, the ETP was found to successfully treat and detoxify the wastewater. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis showed large temporal fluctuations in the ETP microbial community, which is consistent with the variable composition of wastewater. It indicated that functional stability of the ETP was not associated with stability of the microbial community, probably due to high microbial biodiversity and consequently high functional redundancy. In conclusion, the CETP showed consistent level of detoxification and microbial community dynamics after switching to T2, indicating successful development, acclimatization and commissioning of T2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Bafana
- CSIR-NEERI (National Environmental Engineering Research Institute), Environmental Health Division, Nagpur, 440 020, India,
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91
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Yadav TC, Pal RR, Shastri S, Jadeja NB, Kapley A. Comparative metagenomics demonstrating different degradative capacity of activated biomass treating hydrocarbon contaminated wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 188:24-32. [PMID: 25727998 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.01.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the diverse degradative capacity of activated biomass, when exposed to different levels of total dissolved solids (TDS) using a comparative metagenomics approach. The biomass was collected at two time points to examine seasonal variations. Four metagenomes were sequenced on Illumina Miseq platform and analysed using MG-RAST. STAMP tool was used to analyse statistically significant differences amongst different attributes of metagenomes. Metabolic pathways related to degradation of aromatics via the central and peripheral pathways were found to be dominant in low TDS metagenome, while pathways corresponding to central carbohydrate metabolism, nitrogen, organic acids were predominant in high TDS sample. Seasonal variation was seen to affect catabolic gene abundance as well as diversity of the microbial community. Degradation of model compounds using activated sludge demonstrated efficient utilisation of single aromatic ring compounds in both samples but cyclic compounds were not efficiently utilised by biomass exposed to high TDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trilok Chandra Yadav
- Environmental Genomics Division, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Rajesh Ramavadh Pal
- Environmental Genomics Division, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Sunita Shastri
- Environment Impact and Risk Assessment Division, CSIR-NEERI, India
| | - Niti B Jadeja
- Environmental Genomics Division, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Atya Kapley
- Environmental Genomics Division, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India.
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92
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Influence of Azo Dye Concentration on Activated Sludge Bacterial Community in the Presence of Functionalized Polyurethane Foam. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 175:2574-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1452-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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93
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Dao L, Grigoryeva T, Laikov A, Devjatijarov R, Ilinskaya O. Full-scale bioreactor pretreatment of highly toxic wastewater from styrene and propylene oxide production. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2014; 108:195-202. [PMID: 25086231 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The wastewater originating from simultaneous production of styrene and propylene oxide (SPO) is classified as highly polluted with chemical oxygen demand level in the range 5965 to 9137mgL(-1)-as well as highly toxic. The dilution factor providing for a 10 percent toxic effect of wastewater samples in a test with Paramecium caudatum was 8.0-9.5. Biological approach for pretreatment and detoxification of the wastewater under full-scale bioreactor conditions was investigated. The number of suspended microorganisms and the clean up efficiency were increased up to 5.5-6.58×10(8)CFUmL(-1) and 88 percent, respectively during the bioreactor's operation. Isolates in the Citrobacter, Burkholderia, Pseudomonas, and Paracoccus genera were dominant in the mature suspended, as well as the immobilized microbial community of the bioreactor. The most dominant representatives were tested for their ability to biodegrade the major components of the SPO wastewater and evidence of their role in the treatment process was demonstrated. The investigated pretreatment process allowed the wastewater to be detoxified for conventional treatment with activated sludge and was closely related to the maturation of the bioreactor's microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linh Dao
- Department of Microbiology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russian Federation.
| | - Tatiana Grigoryeva
- Department of Microbiology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Laikov
- Department of Microbiology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Ruslan Devjatijarov
- Department of Microbiology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Olga Ilinskaya
- Department of Microbiology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russian Federation
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94
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Zhang C, Wang G, Hu Z. Changes in wastewater treatment performance and activated sludge properties of a membrane bioreactor at low temperature operation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2014; 16:2199-2207. [PMID: 25003580 DOI: 10.1039/c4em00174e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The membrane bioreactor (MBR) activated sludge process is being applied more and more for wastewater treatment due to its high treatment efficiency and low space requirement. However, the usefulness of the MBR process in low-temperature zones is less studied than that under normal conditions. This study determined the effect of low temperature (∼13 °C) operation on MBR performance and activated sludge characteristics. When the wastewater temperature decreased from 22 °C to 13 °C, the average effluent COD concentration increased from (10 ± 5) to (25 ± 4) mg L(-1) and the nitrogen removal efficiency appeared not to be affected. The abundance and diversity of nitrifying bacteria such as Nitrosospira (ammonia-oxidizing bacteria) and Nitrospira (nitrite-oxidizing bacteria) in the activated sludge were reduced under low temperature exposure. The total biomass concentration decreased from about 10 000 mg COD L(-1) at room temperature to 8200 mg COD L(-1) at 13 °C at the same solid retention time. Furthermore, the sludge became bulking at 13 °C with a significant increase in the sludge volume index. The resultant sludge bulking was accompanied by accelerated membrane fouling resulting in a two-fold increase in the frequency of membrane cleaning. The results suggest that the performance of the MBR activated sludge process deteriorated at low wastewater temperatures even though the effluent water quality was still good enough for its applications in low temperature zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiqian Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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95
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Disturbance and temporal partitioning of the activated sludge metacommunity. ISME JOURNAL 2014; 9:425-35. [PMID: 25126758 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2014.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2014] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The resilience of microbial communities to press disturbances and whether ecosystem function is governed by microbial composition or by the environment have not been empirically tested. To address these issues, a whole-ecosystem manipulation was performed in a full-scale activated sludge wastewater treatment plant. The parameter solids retention time (SRT) was used to manipulate microbial composition, which started at 30 days, then decreased to 12 and 3 days, before operation was restored to starting conditions (30-day SRT). Activated sludge samples were collected throughout the 313-day time series in parallel with bioreactor performance ('ecosystem function'). Bacterial small subunit (SSU) rRNA genes were surveyed from sludge samples resulting in a sequence library of >417,000 SSU rRNA genes. A shift in community composition was observed for 12- and 3-day SRTs. The composition was altered such that r-strategists were enriched in the system during the 3-day SRT, whereas K-strategists were only present at SRTs⩾12 days. This shift corresponded to loss of ecosystem functions (nitrification, denitrification and biological phosphorus removal) for SRTs⩽12 days. Upon return to a 30-day SRT, complete recovery of the bioreactor performance was observed after 54 days despite an incomplete recovery of bacterial diversity. In addition, a different, yet phylogenetically related, community with fewer of its original rare members displaced the pre-disturbance community. Our results support the hypothesis that microbial ecosystems harbor functionally redundant phylotypes with regard to general ecosystem functions (carbon oxidation, nitrification, denitrification and phosphorus accumulation). However, the impacts of decreased rare phylotype membership on ecosystem stability and micropollutant removal remain unknown.
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96
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Ruiz V, Ilhan ZE, Kang DW, Krajmalnik-Brown R, Buitrón G. The source of inoculum plays a defining role in the development of MEC microbial consortia fed with acetic and propionic acid mixtures. J Biotechnol 2014; 182-183:11-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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97
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Hashimoto K, Matsuda M, Inoue D, Ike M. Bacterial community dynamics in a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant employing conventional activated sludge process. J Biosci Bioeng 2014; 118:64-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2013.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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98
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Lv XM, Shao MF, Li CL, Li J, Gao XL, Sun FY. A comparative study of the bacterial community in denitrifying and traditional enhanced biological phosphorus removal processes. Microbes Environ 2014; 29:261-8. [PMID: 24964811 PMCID: PMC4159037 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me13132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Denitrifying phosphorus removal is an attractive wastewater treatment process due to its reduced carbon source demand and sludge minimization potential. Two lab-scale sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were operated in alternating anaerobic-anoxic (A-A) or anaerobic-oxic (A-O) conditions to achieve denitrifying enhanced biological phosphate removal (EBPR) and traditional EBPR. No significant differences were observed in phosphorus removal efficiencies between A-A SBR and A-O SBR, with phosphorus removal rates being 87.9% and 89.0% respectively. The community structures in denitrifying and traditional EBPR processes were evaluated by high-throughput sequencing of the PCR-amplified partial 16S rRNA genes from each sludge. The results obtained showed that the bacterial community was more diverse in A-O sludge than in A-A sludge. Taxonomy and β-diversity analyses indicated that a significant shift occurred in the dominant microbial community in A-A sludge compared with the seed sludge during the whole acclimation phase, while a slight fluctuation was observed in the abundance of the major taxonomies in A-O sludge. One Dechloromonas-related OTU outside the 4 known Candidatus “Accumulibacter” clades was detected as the main OTU in A-A sludge at the stationary operation, while Candidatus “Accumulibacter” dominated in A-O sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Mei Lv
- Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School
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99
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Overall functional gene diversity of microbial communities in three full-scale activated sludge bioreactors. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:7233-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5791-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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100
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Mao Y, Xia Y, Wang Z, Zhang T. Reconstructing a Thauera genome from a hydrogenotrophic-denitrifying consortium using metagenomic sequence data. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:6885-95. [PMID: 24769905 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5756-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Here, shotgun metagenomic sequencing was conducted to reveal the hydrogen-oxidizing autotrophic-denitrifying metabolism in an enriched Thauera-dominated consortium. A draft genome named Thauera R4 of over 90 % completeness (3.8 Mb) was retrieved mainly by a coverage-defined binning method from 3.5 Gb paired-end Illumina reads. We identified 1,263 genes (accounting for 33 % of total genes in the finished genome of Thauera aminoaromatica MZ1T) with average nucleotide identity of 87.6 % shared between Thauera R4 and T. aminoaromatica MZ1T. Although Thauera R4 and T. aminoaromatica shared quite similar nitrogen metabolism and a high nucleotide similarity (98.8 %) in their 16S ribosomal RNA genes, they showed different functional potentials in several important environmentally relevant processes. Unlike T. aminoaromatica MZ1T, Thauera R4 carries an operon of [NiFe]-hydrogenase (EC 1.12.99.6) catalyzing molecular hydrogen oxidation in nitrate-rich solution. Moreover, Thauera R4 is a mixtrophic bacterium possessing key enzymes for autotrophic CO2-fixation and heterotrophic acetate assimilation metabolism. This Thauera R4 bin provides another genetic reference to better understand the niches of Thauera and demonstrates a model pipeline to reveal functional profiles and reconstruct novel and dominant genomes from a simplified mixed culture in environmental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Mao
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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