51
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Yang Z, Corso M, Robles R, Lotze C, Fitzner R, Mena-Osteritz E, Bäuerle P, Franke KJ, Pascual JI. Orbital redistribution in molecular nanostructures mediated by metal-organic bonds. ACS NANO 2014; 8:10715-10722. [PMID: 25244124 DOI: 10.1021/nn504431e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Dicyanovinyl-quinquethiophene (DCV5T-Me2) is a prototype conjugated oligomer for highly efficient organic solar cells. This class of oligothiophenes are built up by an electron-rich donor (D) backbone and terminal electron-deficient acceptor (A) moieties. Here, we investigated its structural and electronic properties when it is adsorbed on a Au(111) surface using low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). We find that DCV5T-Me2 self-assembles in extended chains, stabilized by intercalated Au atoms. The effect of metal-ligand hybridization with Au adatoms causes an energetic downshift of the DCV5T-Me2 lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) with respect to the uncoordinated molecules on the surface. The asymmetric coordination of a gold atom to only one molecular end group leads to an asymmetric localization of the LUMO and LUMO+1 states at opposite sides. Using model density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we explain such orbital reshaping as a consequence of linear combinations of the original LUMO and LUMO+1 orbitals, mixed by the attachment of a bridging Au adatom. Our study shows that the alignment of molecular orbitals and their distribution within individual molecules can be modified by contacting them to metal atoms in specific sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zechao Yang
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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52
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Gole B, Song W, Lackinger M, Mukherjee PS. Explosives Sensing by Using Electron‐Rich Supramolecular Polymers: Role of Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonding in Significant Enhancement of Sensitivity. Chemistry 2014; 20:13662-80. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bappaditya Gole
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore‐560012 (India), Fax: (+91) 80‐2360‐1552
| | - Wentao Song
- TUM School of Education, Technical University Munich, Schellingstrasse 33, 80799 Munich (Germany)
- Deutsches Museum, Museumsinsel 1, 80538 Munich (Germany)
| | - Markus Lackinger
- TUM School of Education, Technical University Munich, Schellingstrasse 33, 80799 Munich (Germany)
- Deutsches Museum, Museumsinsel 1, 80538 Munich (Germany)
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore‐560012 (India), Fax: (+91) 80‐2360‐1552
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53
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Kong H, Wang L, Tan Q, Zhang C, Sun Q, Xu W. Ni-induced supramolecular structural transformation of cytosine on Au(111): from one-dimensional chains to zero-dimensional clusters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:3242-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc49241a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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54
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Zhang X, Zeng Q, Wang C. On-surface single molecule synthesis chemistry: a promising bottom-up approach towards functional surfaces. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:8269-8287. [PMID: 23748971 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr01611k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we introduce recent progress on surface synthesis and focus on supramolecular self-assembled structures driven by several typical chemical reactions at solid surfaces, with the aid of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). We also emphasize the relationship between the non-covalent self-assembly and surface reactivity, by which we hope to find an effective way for further controllable nano-manufacture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Zhang
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, PR China
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55
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Vijayaraghavan S, Ecija D, Auwärter W, Joshi S, Seufert K, Drach M, Nieckarz D, Szabelski P, Aurisicchio C, Bonifazi D, Barth JV. Supramolecular Assembly of Interfacial Nanoporous Networks with Simultaneous Expression of Metal-Organic and Organic-Bonding Motifs. Chemistry 2013; 19:14143-50. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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56
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Tschierske C. Entwicklung struktureller Komplexität durch Selbstorganisation in flüssigkristallinen Systemen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201300872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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57
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Tschierske C. Development of structural complexity by liquid-crystal self-assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:8828-78. [PMID: 23934786 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201300872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the liquid-crystalline state of matter 125 years ago, this field has developed into a scientific area with many facets. This Review presents recent developments in the molecular design and self-assembly of liquid crystals. The focus is on new exciting soft-matter structures distinct from the usually observed nematic, smectic, and columnar phases. These new structures have enhanced complexity, including multicompartment and cellular structures, periodic and quasiperiodic arrays of spheres, and new emergent properties, such as ferroelctricity and spontaneous achiral symmetry-breaking. Comparisons are made with developments in related fields, such as self-assembled monolayers, multiblock copolymers, and nanoparticle arrays. Measures of structural complexity used herein are the size of the lattice, the number of distinct compartments, the dimensionality, and the logic depth of the resulting supramolecular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Tschierske
- Institut für Chemie, Organische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle Saale, Germany.
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58
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Wang W, Shi X, Wang S, Liu J, Van Hove MA, Liu PN, Zhang RQ, Lin N. Cooperative modulation of electronic structures of aromatic molecules coupled to multiple metal contacts. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:046802. [PMID: 25166187 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.046802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2012] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We use cryogenic scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy and density-functional theory calculations to inspect the modulation of electronic states of aromatic molecules. The molecules are self-assembled on a Cu(111) surface forming molecular networks in which the molecules are in different contact configurations, including laterally coupled to different numbers of coordination bonds and vertically adsorbed at different heights above the substrate. We quantitatively analyze the molecular states and find that a delocalized empty molecular state is modulated by these multiple contacts in a cooperative manner: its energy is down shifted by ∼ 0.16 eV for each additional lateral contact and by ∼ 0.1 eV as the vertical molecule-surface distance is reduced by 0.1 Å in the physisorption regime. We also report that in a molecule-metal-molecule system the bridging metal can mediate the electronic states of the two molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Wang
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xingqiang Shi
- Institute of Computational and Theoretical Studies and Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shiyong Wang
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Michel A Van Hove
- Institute of Computational and Theoretical Studies and Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pei Nian Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Rui-Qin Zhang
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nian Lin
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
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59
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Schwarz D, van Gastel R, Zandvliet HJW, Poelsema B. Formation and decay of a compressed phase of 4,4′-biphenyldicarboxylic acid on Cu(001). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:5007-16. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp00049d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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60
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Zhang X, Zeng Q, Wang C. Molecular templates and nano-reactors: two-dimensional hydrogen bonded supramolecular networks on solid/liquid interfaces. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra40473k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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61
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One plus two: supramolecular coordination in a nano-reactor on surface. Sci Rep 2012; 2:742. [PMID: 23077726 PMCID: PMC3474287 DOI: 10.1038/srep00742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The supramolecular coordination of zinc (II) phthalocyanine (Zn-Pc) with V-shaped bi-pyridine in a nano-reactor is probed by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) at liquid/solid interface. Combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, our STM results show that the V-shaped bi-pyridine and Zn-Pc can generate stable “odd-even” patterned architectures in the TCDB network through a two-step coordination process. Moreover, great changes for the size and the shape of the host cavity have happened during the coordination process. In general, the whole coordination process is regulated by the synergies of ligand and template. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work on imaging of supramolecular coordination in a nano-reactor. Such a template-regulated supramolecular interconversion opens a new avenue towards the crystal engineering and design as well as the generation of controllable nano-patterns.
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62
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Ecija D, Vijayaraghavan S, Auwärter W, Joshi S, Seufert K, Aurisicchio C, Bonifazi D, Barth JV. Two-dimensional short-range disordered crystalline networks from flexible molecular modules. ACS NANO 2012; 6:4258-4265. [PMID: 22475131 DOI: 10.1021/nn3007948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Studies of complex condensed matter systems have led to the discovery of materials of unexpected spatial organization as glasses, glassy crystals, quasicrystals, and protein and virus crystals. Here, we present two-dimensional (2D) short-range disordered molecular crystalline networks, which, regarding spatial organization, can be considered as surface analogues of 3D glassy crystals. In particular, the deposition of a flexible molecular module on Cu(111) gives rise to distinct phases whose characteristics have been examined in real space by scanning tunneling microscopy: a 2D short-range distortional disordered crystalline network and a 2D short-range orientational disordered crystalline network, respectively. Both phases exhibit a random arrangement of nanopores that are stabilized by the simultaneous presence of metal-organic and pyridyl-pyridyl interactions. The 2D short-range distortional disordered crystalline network displayed intriguing flexibility, as probed by the STM tip that modifies the pore shape, a prerequisite for adaptive behavior in host-guest processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ecija
- Physik Department E20, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
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63
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Tait SL, Lim H, Theertham A, Seidel P. First layer compression and transition to standing second layer of terephthalic acid on Cu(100). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:8217-23. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp41256j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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