51
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Dasgupta S, Chowdhury A, Mukherjee PS. Binding of carboxylatopillar[5]arene with alkyl and aryl ammonium salts in aqueous medium. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra13195b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alkyl ammonium salts exhibited strong binding with carboxylatopillar[5]arene in aqueous medium which resulted in the formation of pseudo[2]rotaxane and pseudo[3]rotaxane species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvankar Dasgupta
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore-560012
- India
| | - Aniket Chowdhury
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore-560012
- India
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52
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Nakazono K, Ishino T, Takashima T, Saeki D, Natsui D, Kihara N, Takata T. Directed one-pot syntheses of crown ether wheel-containing main chain-type polyrotaxanes with controlled rotaxanation ratios. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:15341-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc06943a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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53
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Bouillon C, Paolantoni D, Rote JC, Bessin Y, Peterson LW, Dumy P, Ulrich S. Degradable Hybrid Materials Based on Cationic Acylhydrazone Dynamic Covalent Polymers Promote DNA Complexation through Multivalent Interactions. Chemistry 2014; 20:14705-14. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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54
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Nagai H, Suzaki Y, Osakada K. Thiacrown Ethers with Oxygen and Sulfur for Coordination: Formation of the Pd and Pt Complexes and Pseudorotaxane with Dialkylammonium. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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55
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Avestro AJ, Gardner DM, Vermeulen NA, Wilson EA, Schneebeli ST, Whalley AC, Belowich ME, Carmieli R, Wasielewski MR, Stoddart JF. Gated electron sharing within dynamic naphthalene diimide-based oligorotaxanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:4442-9. [PMID: 24623608 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201309680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The controlled self-assembly of well-defined and spatially ordered π-systems has attracted considerable interest because of their potential applications in organic electronics. An important contemporary pursuit relates to the investigation of charge transport across noncovalently coupled components in a stepwise fashion. Dynamic oligorotaxanes, prepared by template-directed methods, provide a scaffold for directing the construction of monodisperse one-dimensional assemblies in which the functional units communicate electronically through-space by way of π-orbital interactions. Reported herein is a series of oligorotaxanes containing one, two, three and four naphthalene diimide (NDI) redox-active units, which have been shown by cyclic voltammetry, and by EPR and ENDOR spectroscopies, to share electrons across the NDI stacks. Thermally driven motions between the neighboring NDI units in the oligorotaxanes influence the passage of electrons through the NDI stacks in a manner reminiscent of the conformationally gated charge transfer observed in DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa-Jennifer Avestro
- Center for the Chemistry of Integrated Systems (CCIS) and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208 (USA) http://chemgroups.northwestern.edu/wasielewski http://stoddart.northwestern.edu
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56
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Avestro AJ, Gardner DM, Vermeulen NA, Wilson EA, Schneebeli ST, Whalley AC, Belowich ME, Carmieli R, Wasielewski MR, Stoddart JF. Gated Electron Sharing Within Dynamic Naphthalene Diimide-Based Oligorotaxanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201309680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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57
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Durola F, Heitz V, Reviriego F, Roche C, Sauvage JP, Sour A, Trolez Y. Cyclic [4]rotaxanes containing two parallel porphyrinic plates: toward switchable molecular receptors and compressors. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:633-45. [PMID: 24428574 DOI: 10.1021/ar4002153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Twenty years ago, researchers considered the synthesis of simple rotaxanes a challenging task, but with the rapid development of this field, chemists now view these interlocking molecules as accessible synthetic targets. In a major advance for the field, researchers have developed transition metals or organic molecules as templating structures, making it easier to construct these molecular systems. In addition, chemists have found ways to introduce new functional groups, which have given these compounds new properties. Today researchers can also construct multirotaxanes consisting of several individual components, but the synthesis of the most complex structures remains challenging. This Account primarily discusses the cyclic [4]rotaxanes incorporating porphyrins that the Strasbourg group has synthesized and studied during the past few years. These cyclic [4]rotaxanes consist of two rigid rods threaded through the four rings of two molecules of a bis-macrocycle, and the synthetic strategy used for making them relies on the copper(I)-driven "gathering-and-threading" reaction. The formation of the threaded precursors was mostly quantitative, and the quadruple stoppering reaction leading to the target compound produces high yields because of the efficient copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) or click chemistry reaction. These rotaxanes behave as receptors for various ditopic guests. We prepared and studied two types of molecules: (i) a rigid compound whose copper(I) complex has a well-defined shape, with high selectivity for the guest geometry and (ii) a much more flexible [4]rotaxane host that could act as a distensible receptor. The rigid [4]rotaxane was crystallized, affording a spectacular X-ray structure that matched the expected chemical structure. In addition, metalation or demetalation of the rigid [4]rotaxane induces a drastic geometric rearrangement. The metal-free compound is flat without a binding pocket, while the copper-complexed species forms a rectangle-like structure. The removal of copper(I) also expels any complexed guest molecule, and this process is reversible, making the rigid porphyrinic [4]rotaxane a switchable receptor. The rigid [4]rotaxane was highly selective for short, ditopic guests in its copper(I)-complexed form, but the flexible copper(I)-complexed [4]rotaxane proved to be a versatile receptor. Its conformation can adjust to the size of the guest molecule similar to the induced fit mechanism that some enzymes employ with substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Durola
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organo-Minérale, Institut de Chimie, Université de Strasbourg-CNRS/UMR7177, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Valérie Heitz
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organo-Minérale, Institut de Chimie, Université de Strasbourg-CNRS/UMR7177, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Felipe Reviriego
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organo-Minérale, Institut de Chimie, Université de Strasbourg-CNRS/UMR7177, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Cécile Roche
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organo-Minérale, Institut de Chimie, Université de Strasbourg-CNRS/UMR7177, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Sauvage
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organo-Minérale, Institut de Chimie, Université de Strasbourg-CNRS/UMR7177, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Angélique Sour
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organo-Minérale, Institut de Chimie, Université de Strasbourg-CNRS/UMR7177, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Yann Trolez
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organo-Minérale, Institut de Chimie, Université de Strasbourg-CNRS/UMR7177, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg Cedex, France
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58
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Matache M, Bogdan E, Hădade ND. Selective Host Molecules Obtained by Dynamic Adaptive Chemistry. Chemistry 2014; 20:2106-31. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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59
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Liu G, Li Z, Wu D, Xue W, Li T, Liu SH, Yin J. Dendritic [2]Rotaxanes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties. J Org Chem 2014; 79:643-52. [DOI: 10.1021/jo402428y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guoxing Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Ziyong Li
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Di Wu
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Wen Xue
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Li
- Institute
of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Hua Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yin
- Key
Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
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60
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Pun AB, Gagnon KJ, Klivansky LM, Teat SJ, Li ZT, Liu Y. Solvent-driven selective π-cation templating in dynamic assembly of interlocked molecules. Org Chem Front 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3qo00074e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The different solvent responses for bipyridinium and trispyridinium-based dynamic imine [2]rotaxanes allow their interconversion with high selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B. Pun
- The Molecular Foundry
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley, USA
| | - Kevin J. Gagnon
- Advanced Light Source
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley, USA
| | | | - Simon J. Teat
- Advanced Light Source
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley, USA
| | - Zhan-Ting Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yi Liu
- The Molecular Foundry
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley, USA
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61
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Hayashi R, Wakatsuki K, Yamasaki R, Mutoh Y, Kasama T, Saito S. Synthesis of rotacatenanes by the combination of Cu-mediated threading reaction and the template method: the dual role of one ligand. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:204-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc47425a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuto Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
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62
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Yao X, Li T, Wang S, Ma X, Tian H. A photochromic supramolecular polymer based on bis-p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene recognition in aqueous solution. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:7166-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc02672a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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63
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Hartlieb KJ, Blackburn AK, Schneebeli ST, Forgan RS, Sarjeant AA, Stern CL, Cao D, Stoddart JF. Topological isomerism in a chiral handcuff catenane. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc52106k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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64
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Li Z, Hu F, Liu G, Xue W, Chen X, Liu SH, Yin J. Photo-responsive [2]catenanes: synthesis and properties. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:7702-11. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01120a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel dithienylethene-based macrocycles containing ammonium moieties has been synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyong Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Fang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Guoxing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Wen Xue
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Xiaoqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Sheng Hua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Jun Yin
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079, PR China
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65
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Sevick EM, Williams DR. A piston-rotaxane with two potential stripes: force transitions and yield stresses. Molecules 2013; 18:13398-409. [PMID: 24177696 PMCID: PMC6270074 DOI: 10.3390/molecules181113398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We examine a rod piston-rotaxane system, where the positions of several mobile rings on the axle are controlled by an external force acting on one of the rings. This allows us to access the translational entropy of the rings. For a simple rotaxane molecule with an axle that has uniform ring-axle interactions along its length, the molecule behaves like a miniature piston filled with a one-dimensional ideal gas. We then examine the effect of two stripes on the axle, having different ring-axle interactions with the mobile rings, so that one section is of high energy (repulsive) for the rings and another section is of lower energy (or attractive). This kind of rotaxane can exhibit rapid changes in displacement or force, and in particular, this molecule can exhibit a yield stress in which the piston suddenly compresses under a small increase in the applied force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith M. Sevick
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +61-2-6125-0508; Fax: +61-2-6125-0732
| | - David R.M. Williams
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia; E-Mail:
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66
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Ke C, Strutt NL, Li H, Hou X, Hartlieb KJ, McGonigal PR, Ma Z, Iehl J, Stern CL, Cheng C, Zhu Z, Vermeulen NA, Meade TJ, Botros YY, Stoddart JF. Pillar[5]arene as a Co-Factor in Templating Rotaxane Formation. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:17019-30. [DOI: 10.1021/ja407229h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenfeng Ke
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Nathan L. Strutt
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Hao Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xisen Hou
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Karel J. Hartlieb
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Paul R. McGonigal
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zhidong Ma
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Julien Iehl
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Charlotte L. Stern
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Chuyang Cheng
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zhixue Zhu
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Nicolaas A. Vermeulen
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Thomas J. Meade
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Youssry Y. Botros
- Intel
Laboratories, Building
RNB-6-61, 2200 Mission College Boulevard., Santa Clara, California 95054-1549, United States
- National Center for Nano Technology Research, King Abdulaziz
City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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67
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Joosten A, Trolez Y, Heitz V, Sauvage JP. Use of cleavable coordinating rings as protective groups in the synthesis of a rotaxane with an axis that incorporates more chelating groups than threaded macrocycles. Chemistry 2013; 19:12815-23. [PMID: 23934923 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A new methodology allowing preparation of a linear "unsaturated" [3]rotaxane consisting of an axis incorporating more coordination sites than threaded rings was developed. It was based on the preliminary synthesis of a "saturated" [5]rotaxane consisting of a four-chelating site axis threaded through four macrocyclic components, two of them being cleavable rings incorporating a lactone function and the two others being "secure" non-cleavable rings. The stoppering reaction was based on click chemistry. Subsequently, cleavage and removal of the two lactone-containing macrocycles from the [5]rotaxane in basic medium afforded the desired "unsaturated" [3]rotaxane in quantitative yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Joosten
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organo-Minérale, Institut de Chimie, Université de Strasbourg-CNRS/UMR7177, 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67070 Strasbourg-Cedex (France)
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68
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Polymeric pseudo-crown ether for cation recognition via cation template-assisted cyclopolymerization. Nat Commun 2013; 4:2321. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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69
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Li J, Nowak P, Otto S. Dynamic Combinatorial Libraries: From Exploring Molecular Recognition to Systems Chemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:9222-39. [DOI: 10.1021/ja402586c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 353] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Li
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Piotr Nowak
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sijbren Otto
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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70
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Wang LY, Ko JL, Lai CC, Liu YH, Peng SM, Chiu SH. Using “Threading Followed by Shrinking” to Synthesize Highly Stable Dialkylammonium-Ion-Based Rotaxanes. Chemistry 2013; 19:8850-60. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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71
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Zhang Q, Qu DH, Wu J, Ma X, Wang Q, Tian H. A dual-modality photoswitchable supramolecular polymer. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:5345-5350. [PMID: 23560858 DOI: 10.1021/la4012444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Covalent or noncovalent linked polymers with stimuli-responsive properties have been well researched as a kind of advanced functional materials. However, little effort has been devoted to establishing a bridge for switching between covalent polymers and noncovalent polymers. Actually, such unitive system is promising because it can combine their chemical advantages of two types of polymers in a single and tunable platform. Herein, by taking advantage of reversible photodimerization of coumarins and host-guest assemblies with γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD), we demonstrate a simple and effective way to construct a dual-modality supramolecular polymer, which can be switched between a noncovalent polymer and its corresponding covalent polymer in response to light stimuli. Moreover, this unique switchable polymer can also be employed to construct a dual-stimuli responsive supramolecular hydrogel with the surfactant cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). This methodology establishes a bridge between the two "polymer mansions" and is promising to open a new class of photoswitchable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
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72
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Niu J, Hili R, Liu DR. Enzyme-free translation of DNA into sequence-defined synthetic polymers structurally unrelated to nucleic acids. Nat Chem 2013; 5:282-92. [PMID: 23511416 PMCID: PMC4277153 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The translation of DNA sequences into corresponding biopolymers enables the production, function, and evolution of the macromolecules of life. In contrast, methods to generate sequence-defined synthetic polymers with similar levels of control have remained elusive. Here we report the development of a DNA-templated translation system that enables the enzyme-free translation of DNA templates into sequence-defined synthetic polymers that have no necessary structural relationship with nucleic acids. We demonstrate the efficiency, sequence-specificity, and generality of this translation system by oligomerizing building blocks including polyethylene glycol (PEG), α-(d)-peptides, and β-peptides in a DNA-programmed manner. Sequence-defined synthetic polymers with molecular weights of 26 kDa containing 16 consecutively coupled building blocks and 90 densely functionalized β-amino acid residues were translated from DNA templates using this strategy. We integrated the DNA-templated translation system developed here into a complete cycle of translation, coding sequence replication, template regeneration, and re-translation suitable for the iterated in vitro selection of functional sequence-defined synthetic polymers unrelated in structure to nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Niu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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73
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Zhu Z, Bruns CJ, Li H, Lei J, Ke C, Liu Z, Shafaie S, Colquhoun HM, Stoddart JF. Synthesis and solution-state dynamics of donor–acceptor oligorotaxane foldamers. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc00015j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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74
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Liu Y, Li ZT. A Dynamic Route to Structure and Function: Recent Advances in Imine-Based Organic Nanostructured Materials. Aust J Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1071/ch12349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The chemistry of imine bond formation from simple aldehyde and amine precursors is among the most powerful dynamic covalent chemistries employed for the construction of discrete molecular objects and extended molecular frameworks. The reversible nature of the C=N bond confers error-checking and proof-reading capabilities in the self-assembly process within a multi-component reaction system. This review highlights recent progress in the self-assembly of complex organic molecular architectures that are enabled by dynamic imine chemistry, including molecular containers with defined geometry and size, mechanically interlocked molecules, and extended frameworks and polymers, from building blocks with preprogrammed steric and electronic information. The functional aspects associated with the nanometer-scale features not only place these dynamically constructed nanostructures at the frontier of materials sciences, but also bring unprecedented opportunities for the discovery of new functional materials.
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75
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Li J, Wei P, Wu X, Xue M, Yan X, Zhou Q. Taco complex-templated dynamic clipping to cryptand-based [2]rotaxane- and [2]catenane-type mechanically interlocked structures. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43629b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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76
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Pun A, Hanifi DA, Kiel G, O'Brien E, Liu Y. Facile route to an all-organic, triply threaded, interlocked structure by templated dynamic clipping. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:13119-22. [PMID: 23161742 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201207048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Encaged! Three-terminal interlocked molecular species were obtained by dynamic (2+3) assembly of a cagelike macro-bicycle around a trifurcated trispyridinium π guest. The complex is stabilized by π-π interactions and multiple [C-H⋅⋅⋅O] and [C-H⋅⋅⋅N] interactions. Uncomplexed guest molecules cocrystallize alongside the threaded complexes in the solid state, thus giving extended π-stacked columns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Pun
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS, USA
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Pun A, Hanifi DA, Kiel G, O'Brien E, Liu Y. Facile Route to an All-Organic, Triply Threaded, Interlocked Structure by Templated Dynamic Clipping. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201207048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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78
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Jacquot de Rouville HP, Iehl J, Bruns CJ, McGrier PL, Frasconi M, Sarjeant AA, Stoddart JF. A Neutral Naphthalene Diimide [2]Rotaxane. Org Lett 2012; 14:5188-91. [DOI: 10.1021/ol3022963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Julien Iehl
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Carson J. Bruns
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Psaras L. McGrier
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Marco Frasconi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Amy A. Sarjeant
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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79
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Barin G, Forgan RS, Stoddart JF. Mechanostereochemistry and the mechanical bond. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2012; 468:2849-2880. [PMID: 22977353 PMCID: PMC3438546 DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2012.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemistry of mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs), in which two or more covalently linked components are held together by mechanical bonds, has led to the coining of the term mechanostereochemistry to describe a new field of chemistry that embraces many aspects of MIMs, including their syntheses, properties, topologies where relevant and functions where operative. During the rapid development and emergence of the field, the synthesis of MIMs has witnessed the forsaking of the early and grossly inefficient statistical approaches for template-directed protocols, aided and abetted by molecular recognition processes and the tenets of self-assembly. The resounding success of these synthetic protocols, based on templation, has facilitated the design and construction of artificial molecular switches and machines, resulting more and more in the creation of integrated functional systems. This review highlights (i) the range of template-directed synthetic methods being used currently in the preparation of MIMs; (ii) the syntheses of topologically complex knots and links in the form of stable molecular compounds; and (iii) the incorporation of bistable MIMs into many different device settings associated with surfaces, nanoparticles and solid-state materials in response to the needs of particular applications that are perceived to be fair game for mechanostereochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Barin
- Department of Chemistry, Center for the Chemistry of Integrated Systems, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208-3133, USA
- NanoCentury KAIST Institute and Graduate School of EEWS (WCU), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1, Guseong Dong, Yuseong Gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ross S. Forgan
- Department of Chemistry, Center for the Chemistry of Integrated Systems, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208-3133, USA
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Center for the Chemistry of Integrated Systems, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208-3133, USA
- NanoCentury KAIST Institute and Graduate School of EEWS (WCU), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1, Guseong Dong, Yuseong Gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
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80
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Burts AO, Li Y, Zhukhovitskiy AV, Patel PR, Grubbs RH, Ottaviani MF, Turro NJ, Johnson JA. Using EPR To Compare PEG-branch-nitroxide “Bivalent-Brush Polymers” and Traditional PEG Bottle–Brush Polymers: Branching Makes a Difference. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma301874d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alan O. Burts
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts
Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yongjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York
10027, United States
| | - Aleksandr V. Zhukhovitskiy
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts
Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Paresma R. Patel
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United
States
| | - Robert H. Grubbs
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United
States
| | - M. Francesca Ottaviani
- Department of Earth,
Life, and
Environmental Sciences, University of Urbino, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Nicholas J. Turro
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York
10027, United States
| | - Jeremiah A. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts
Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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81
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Gothard CM, Bruns CJ, Gothard NA, Grzybowski BA, Stoddart JF. Modular synthesis of bipyridinium oligomers and corresponding donor-acceptor oligorotaxanes with crown ethers. Org Lett 2012; 14:5066-9. [PMID: 23013359 DOI: 10.1021/ol302301r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Donor-acceptor [4]- and [6]rotaxanes have been prepared from bipyridinium (BIPY(2+)) oligomers and 1,5-dinaphtho[38]crown-10 (DN38C10) by a threading-followed-by-stoppering protocol employing click chemistry. An efficient, straightforward route to the BIPY(2+) oligomers has been developed that requires little to no chromatographic purification. Unlike most donor-acceptor oligorotaxanes that have been reported to date, 100% of the recognition sites on the dumbbells are occupied by rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris M Gothard
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
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82
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Frischmann PD, Sahli BJ, Guieu S, Patrick BO, MacLachlan MJ. Sterically-Limited Self-Assembly of Pt4Macrocycles into Discrete Non-covalent Nanotubes: Porous Supramolecular Tetramers and Hexamers. Chemistry 2012; 18:13712-21. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter D Frischmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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83
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Ke C, Smaldone RA, Kikuchi T, Li H, Davis AP, Stoddart JF. Quantitative Emergence of Hetero[4]rotaxanes by Template-Directed Click Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 52:381-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201205087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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84
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Ke C, Smaldone RA, Kikuchi T, Li H, Davis AP, Stoddart JF. Quantitative Emergence of Hetero[4]rotaxanes by Template-Directed Click Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201205087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Avestro AJ, Belowich ME, Stoddart JF. Cooperative self-assembly: producing synthetic polymers with precise and concise primary structures. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:5881-95. [PMID: 22773163 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35167f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The quest to construct mechanically interlocked polymers, which present precise monodisperse primary structures that are produced both consistently and with high efficiencies, has been a daunting goal for synthetic chemists for many years. Our ability to realise this goal has been limited, until recently, by the need to develop synthetic strategies that can direct the formation of the desired covalent bonds in a precise and concise fashion while avoiding the formation of unwanted kinetic by-products. The challenge, however, is a timely and welcome one, as a consequence of, primarily, the potential for mechanically interlocked polymers to act as dynamic (noncovalent) yet robust (covalent) new materials for a wide array of applications. One such strategy which has been employed widely in recent years to address this issue, known as Dynamic Covalent Chemistry (DCC), is a strategy in which reactions operate under equilibrium and so offer elements of "proof-reading" and "error-checking" to the bond forming and breaking processes such that the final product distribution always reflects the thermodynamically most favourable compound. By coupling DCC with template-directed protocols, which utilise multiple weak noncovalent interactions to pre-organise and self-assemble simpler small molecular precursors into their desired geometries prior to covalent bond formation, we are able to produce compounds with highly symmetric, robust and complex topologies that are otherwise simply unobtainable by more traditional methods. Harnessing these strategies in an iterative, step-wise fashion brings us ever so much closer towards perfecting the controlled synthesis of high order main-chain mechanically interlocked polymers. This tutorial review focuses (i) on the development of DCC-namely, the formation of dynamic imine bonds-used in conjunction with template-directed protocols to afford a variety of mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) and ultimately (ii) on the synthesis of highly ordered poly[n]rotaxanes with high conversion efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa-Jennifer Avestro
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
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86
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Bozdemir OA, Barin G, Belowich ME, Basuray AN, Beuerle F, Stoddart JF. Dynamic covalent templated-synthesis of [c2]daisy chains. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:10401-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc35522a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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87
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Fahrenbach AC, Hartlieb KJ, Sue CH, Bruns CJ, Barin G, Basu S, Olson MA, Botros YY, Bagabas A, Khdary NH, Stoddart JF. Rapid thermally assisted donor–acceptor catenation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:9141-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc34427k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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