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Kim T, Kang H, Jeong S, Kang DJ, Lee C, Lee CH, Seo MK, Lee JY, Kim BJ. Au@polymer core-shell nanoparticles for simultaneously enhancing efficiency and ambient stability of organic optoelectronic devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:16956-65. [PMID: 25226068 DOI: 10.1021/am504503q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report and discuss our successful synthesis of monodispersed, polystyrene-coated gold core-shell nanoparticles (Au@PS NPs) for use in highly efficient, air-stable, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic photovoltaics (OPVs). These core-shell NPs retain the dual functions of (1) the plasmonic effect of the Au core and (2) the stability and solvent resistance of the cross-linked PS shell. The monodispersed Au@PS NPs were incorporated into a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) film that was located between the ITO substrate and the emitting layer (or active layer) in the devices. The incorporation of the Au@PS NPs provided remarkable improvements in the performances of both OLEDs and OPVs, which benefitted from the plasmonic effect of the Au@PS NPs. The OLED device with the Au@PS NPs achieved an enhancement of the current efficiency that was 42% greater than that of the control device. In addition, the power conversion efficiency was increased from 7.6% to 8.4% in PTB7:PC71BM-based OPVs when the Au@PS NPs were embedded. Direct evidence of the plasmonic effect on optical enhancement of the device was provided by near-field scanning optical microscopy measurements. More importantly, the Au@PS NPs induced a remarkable and simultaneous improvement in the stabilities of the OLED and OPV devices by reducing the acidic and hygroscopic properties of the PEDOT:PSS layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taesu Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, ‡KI for the NanoCentury, ⊥Graduate School of Energy, Environment, Water, and Sustainability (EEWS), and #Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 305-701, Korea
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52
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Bian L, Miao J, Hai J, Zhu E, Yu J, Ge G, Wu H, Tang W. Benzotrithiophene polymers with tuneable bandgap for photovoltaic applications. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra07644c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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53
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Guo X, Facchetti A, Marks TJ. Imide- and amide-functionalized polymer semiconductors. Chem Rev 2014; 114:8943-9021. [PMID: 25181005 DOI: 10.1021/cr500225d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 513] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xugang Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, South University of Science and Technology of China , No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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54
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Chen J, Xiao M, Su W, Duan X, Duan L, Peng W, Tan H, Yang R, Zhu W. Synthesis, characterization and photovoltaic properties of two-dimensional conjugated polybenzodithiophene derivatives appending diketopyrrolopyrrole units as side chain. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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55
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Wang Q, Zhang S, Ye L, Cui Y, Fan H, Hou J. Investigations of the Conjugated Polymers Based on Dithienogermole (DTG) Units for Photovoltaic Applications. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma500831z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry,
Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry,
Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Long Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry,
Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yong Cui
- School of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry,
Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Huili Fan
- School of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- School of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry,
Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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56
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Yu QC, Fu WF, Wang HY, Wu XF, Wan JH, Shi MM, Chen HZ. An Efficient Tin-Free Route to Small Molecules Based on Silole-Modified Pentathiophenes for Solution-Processed Organic Solar Cells. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201402106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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57
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Jung M, Yoon Y, Park JH, Cha W, Kim A, Kang J, Gautam S, Seo D, Cho JH, Kim H, Choi JY, Chae KH, Kwak K, Son HJ, Ko MJ, Kim H, Lee DK, Kim JY, Choi DH, Kim B. Nanoscopic management of molecular packing and orientation of small molecules by a combination of linear and branched alkyl side chains. ACS NANO 2014; 8:5988-6003. [PMID: 24861723 DOI: 10.1021/nn501133y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized a series of acceptor-donor-acceptor-type small molecules (SIDPP-EE, SIDPP-EO, SIDPP-OE, and SIDPP-OO) consisting of a dithienosilole (SI) electron-donating moiety and two diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) electron-withdrawing moieties each bearing linear n-octyl (O) and/or branched 2-ethylhexyl (E) alkyl side chains. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed that SIDPP-EE and SIDPP-EO films were highly crystalline with pronounced edge-on orientation, whereas SIDPP-OE and SIDPP-OO films were less crystalline with a radial distribution of molecular orientations. Near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy disclosed an edge-on orientation with a molecular backbone tilt angle of ∼22° for both SIDPP-EE and SIDPP-EO. Our analysis of the molecular packing and orientation indicated that the shorter 2-ethylhexyl groups on the SI core promote tight π-π stacking of the molecular backbone, whereas n-octyl groups on the SI core hinder close π-π stacking to some degree. Conversely, the longer linear n-octyl groups on the DPP arms facilitate close intermolecular packing via octyl-octyl interdigitation. Quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics molecular dynamics simulations determined the optimal three-dimensional positions of the flexible alkyl side chains of the SI and DPP units, which elucidates the structural cause of the molecular packing and orientation explicitly. The alkyl-chain-dependent molecular stacking significantly affected the electrical properties of the molecular films. The edge-on oriented molecules showed high hole mobilities in organic field-effect transistors, while the radially oriented molecules exhibited high photovoltaic properties in organic photovoltaic cells. These results demonstrate that appropriate positioning of alkyl side chains can modulate crystallinity and molecular orientation in SIDPP films, which ultimately have a profound impact on carrier transport and photovoltaic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minwoo Jung
- Photo-electronic Hybrids Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) , Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
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58
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Kim JH, Song CE, Kang IN, Shin WS, Zhang ZG, Li Y, Hwang DH. Conventional and Inverted Photovoltaic Cells Fabricated Using New Conjugated Polymer Comprising Fluorinated Benzotriazole and Benzodithiophene Derivative. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2014. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2014.35.5.1356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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59
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory L. Gibson
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry; University of Toronto; 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Dwight S. Seferos
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry; University of Toronto; 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
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60
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Liu X, Sun Y, Hsu BBY, Lorbach A, Qi L, Heeger AJ, Bazan GC. Design and Properties of Intermediate-Sized Narrow Band-Gap Conjugated Molecules Relevant to Solution-Processed Organic Solar Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:5697-708. [DOI: 10.1021/ja413144u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Liu
- Center for Polymers and Organic
Solids, ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and §Department of
Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research
(CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yanming Sun
- Center for Polymers and Organic
Solids, ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and §Department of
Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research
(CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ben B. Y. Hsu
- Center for Polymers and Organic
Solids, ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and §Department of
Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research
(CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andreas Lorbach
- Center for Polymers and Organic
Solids, ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and §Department of
Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research
(CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Li Qi
- Center for Polymers and Organic
Solids, ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and §Department of
Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research
(CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alan J. Heeger
- Center for Polymers and Organic
Solids, ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and §Department of
Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research
(CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Guillermo C. Bazan
- Center for Polymers and Organic
Solids, ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and §Department of
Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research
(CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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61
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Chiu CY, Wang H, Brunetti FG, Wudl F, Hawker CJ. Twisted but Conjugated: Building Blocks for Low Bandgap Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:3996-4000. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201400674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Hai J, Yu W, Zhao B, Li Y, Yin L, Zhu E, Bian L, Zhang J, Wu H, Tang W. Design and synthesis of triazoloquinoxaline polymers with positioning alkyl or alkoxyl chains for organic photovoltaics cells. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py01174g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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64
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Kim YJ, Park KH, Ha JJ, Chung DS, Kim YH, Park CE. The effect of branched versus linear alkyl side chains on the bulk heterojunction photovoltaic performance of small molecules containing both benzodithiophene and thienopyrroledione. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:19874-83. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp00077c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Compared toBDTO-TTPD,BDTEH-TTPDshowed stronger light absorption and longer-range ordering, which results in higher power conversion efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin Kim
- POSTECH Organic Electronics Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Hun Park
- School of Materials Science & Engineering and Research Institute for Green Energy Convergence Technology (REGET)
- Gyeongsang National University
- Jin-ju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-jin Ha
- School of Materials Science & Engineering and Research Institute for Green Energy Convergence Technology (REGET)
- Gyeongsang National University
- Jin-ju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sung Chung
- School of Chemical Engineering and Material Science
- Chung-Ang University
- Seoul, 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hi Kim
- Department of Chemistry & Research Institute of Natural Science
- Gyeongsang National University
- Jin-ju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Eon Park
- POSTECH Organic Electronics Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology
- Pohang, Republic of Korea
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65
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Wu JS, Jheng JF, Chang JY, Lai YY, Wu KY, Wang CL, Hsu CS. Synthesis and morphological studies of a poly(5,6-difluorobenzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole-4,7-diyl-alt-quaterchalcogenophene) copolymer with 7.3% polymer solar cell efficiency. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00777h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A superior PCE of 7.34% was delivered in the inverted P(FBT-alt-Se2Th2) : PC71BM polymer solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhong-Sian Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan 30010
| | - Jyun-Fong Jheng
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan 30010
| | - Jen-Yun Chang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan 30010
| | - Yu-Ying Lai
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan 30010
| | - Kuan-Yi Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan 30010
| | - Chien-Lung Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan 30010
| | - Chain-Shu Hsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan 30010
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66
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Xiao Z, Subbiah J, Sun K, Jones DJ, Holmes AB, Wong WWH. Synthesis and photovoltaic properties of thieno[3,2-b]thiophenyl substituted benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene copolymers. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00827h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new thienothiophene–benzodithiophene electron donor building block was synthesized and incorporated into 2-dimensional conjugated donor–acceptor polymers. The polymers were fully characterised and tested in bulk heterojunction solar cell devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyun Xiao
- School of Chemistry
- Bio21 Institute
- The University of Melbourne
- Parkville, Australia
| | - Jegadesan Subbiah
- School of Chemistry
- Bio21 Institute
- The University of Melbourne
- Parkville, Australia
| | - Kuan Sun
- School of Chemistry
- Bio21 Institute
- The University of Melbourne
- Parkville, Australia
| | - David J. Jones
- School of Chemistry
- Bio21 Institute
- The University of Melbourne
- Parkville, Australia
| | - Andrew B. Holmes
- School of Chemistry
- Bio21 Institute
- The University of Melbourne
- Parkville, Australia
| | - Wallace W. H. Wong
- School of Chemistry
- Bio21 Institute
- The University of Melbourne
- Parkville, Australia
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67
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Murali MG, Rao AD, Ramamurthy PC. New low band gap 2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole and benzo[1,2-c;4,5-c′]bis[1,2,5]thiadiazole based conjugated polymers for organic photovoltaics. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08214a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel low band gap conjugated polymers (PBDTTBIandPBDTBBT) are designed and synthesized for polymer solar cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. G. Murali
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore, India
| | - Arun D. Rao
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore, India
| | - Praveen C. Ramamurthy
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore, India
- Center for Nanoscience and Engineering
- Indian Institute of Science
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68
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Jhuo HJ, Yeh PN, Liao SH, Li YL, Cheng YS, Chen SA. Review on the Recent Progress in Low Band Gap Conjugated Polymers for Bulk Hetero-junction Polymer Solar Cells. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201300333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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69
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Jo J, Pouliot JR, Wynands D, Collins SD, Kim JY, Nguyen TL, Woo HY, Sun Y, Leclerc M, Heeger AJ. Enhanced efficiency of single and tandem organic solar cells incorporating a diketopyrrolopyrrole-based low-bandgap polymer by utilizing combined ZnO/polyelectrolyte electron-transport layers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:4783-4788. [PMID: 23847037 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201301288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Power conversion efficiency up to 8.6% is achieved for a solution-processed tandem solar cell based on a diketopyrrolopyrrole-containing polymer as the low-bandgap material after using a thin polyelectrolyte layer to modify the electron-transport ZnO layers, indicating that interfacial engineering is a useful approach to further enhancing the efficiency of tandem organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang Jo
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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70
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Kang TE, Cho HH, Kim HJ, Lee W, Kang H, Kim BJ. Importance of Optimal Composition in Random Terpolymer-Based Polymer Solar Cells. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma401274r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tae Eui Kang
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon
305-701, Korea
| | - Han-Hee Cho
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon
305-701, Korea
| | - Hyeong jun Kim
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon
305-701, Korea
| | - Wonho Lee
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon
305-701, Korea
| | - Hyunbum Kang
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon
305-701, Korea
| | - Bumjoon J. Kim
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon
305-701, Korea
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71
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Zhang H, Welterlich I, Neudörfl JM, Tieke B, Yang C, Chen X, Yang W. Synthesis and characterization of 1,3,4,6-tetraarylpyrrolo[3,2-b]-pyrrole-2,5-dione (isoDPP)-based donor–acceptor polymers with low band gap. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00570d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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72
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Fu WF, Chen X, Yang X, Wang L, Shi Y, Shi M, Li HY, Jen AKY, Chen JW, Cao Y, Chen HZ. Optical and electrical effects of plasmonic nanoparticles in high-efficiency hybrid solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:17105-11. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp52723a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Improved performance was obtained by doping a hole-transporting layer or active layer with Au nanoparticles in PCPDTBT–CdSe QD hybrid solar cells.
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