51
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Bélanger-Bouliga M, Mahious R, Pitroipa PI, Nazemi A. Perylene diimide-tagged N-heterocyclic carbene-stabilized gold nanoparticles: How much ligand desorbs from surface in presence of thiols? Dalton Trans 2021; 50:5598-5606. [PMID: 33908977 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00064k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have recently emerged as viable alternatives to commonly used thiols to stabilize a variety of metal surfaces and nanoparticles. In this context, thanks to their biocompatibility and novel optical properties, NHC-stabilized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been extensively studied. It has been shown that such materials exhibit improved stabilities in acidic and basic solutions, high temperatures, electrolyte solutions, cell culture media, and to some extent to nucleophilic thiols. Despite intense efforts, instability of NHC-functionalized AuNPs to thiols has been an ongoing challenge. In order to circumvent this problem, quantification of NHC desorption from nanoparticle surface by the invading thiols would constitute a necessary first step. To do this, we have first developed water-soluble azide decorated NHC-stabilized "clickable" AuNPs. Optically active perylene diimide (PDI)-tagged AuNP hybrids are then obtained by means of Cu-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition between these AuNPs and an alkyne-decorated PDI derivative. Investigation of photophysical properties of these AuNP/PDI hybrids revealed that the fluorescence of PDI molecules is effectively quenched by AuNPs in aqueous solution. The extent of NHC desorption from AuNP surface in presence of glutathione (4 mM), as a biologically relevant thiol, is then quantified by means of fluorescence emission restoration of PDI molecules upon detachment from AuNP surfaces. Our results demonstrate that while ∼20% of surface NHCs are displaced by glutathione within the first 24 h of their exposure to the thiol, ligand desorption reaches ∼45% after one week. We believe that these findings will provide more insight on true stability of NHC-stabilized materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyne Bélanger-Bouliga
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P.8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada.
| | - Raja Mahious
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P.8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada.
| | - Poulomsongo Iman Pitroipa
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P.8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada.
| | - Ali Nazemi
- Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P.8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada.
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52
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Sun N, Zhang S, Simon F, Steiner AM, Schubert J, Du Y, Qiao Z, Fery A, Lissel F. Mit N‐heterocyclischen Carbenen funktionalisierte Poly(3‐hexylthiophene) als robuste und leitfähige Liganden zur Stabilisierung von Goldnanopartikeln. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ningwei Sun
- Institut Makromolekulare Chemie Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden Hohe Straße 6 01069 Dresden Deutschland
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden Hohe Straße 6 01069 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Shi‐Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structures and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Frank Simon
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden Hohe Straße 6 01069 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Anja Maria Steiner
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden Hohe Straße 6 01069 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Jonas Schubert
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden Hohe Straße 6 01069 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Yixuan Du
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden Hohe Straße 6 01069 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Zhi Qiao
- Institut Makromolekulare Chemie Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden Hohe Straße 6 01069 Dresden Deutschland
- Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstraße 4 01064 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Andreas Fery
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Physik der Polymere Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden Hohe Straße 6 01069 Dresden Deutschland
- Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstraße 4 01064 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Franziska Lissel
- Institut Makromolekulare Chemie Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden Hohe Straße 6 01069 Dresden Deutschland
- Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstraße 4 01064 Dresden Deutschland
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53
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Kuznetsova OV, Rubio GMDM, Keppler BK, Chin JM, Reithofer MR, Timerbaev AR. An ICP-MS-based assay for characterization of gold nanoparticles with potential biomedical use. Anal Biochem 2020; 611:114003. [PMID: 33159847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.114003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Most of potential diagnostic and therapeutic nanoparticles fail to reach clinical trials because assessment of their 'drug-like' properties is often overlooked during the discovery stage. This compromises the results of cell culture and animal experiments, making them insufficient to evaluate the lead candidates for testing on patients. In this study, we demonstrate the potential of high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) as a nanoparticle qualification tool. Using novel gold nanoparticles stabilized by N-heterocyclic carbenes as test nanoparticles, it was shown that important prerequisites for biomedical applications, such as resistance to the action of human serum milieu or reactivity toward serum biomolecules, can be reliably assessed by recording the signals of gold or sulfur isotopes. Implemented during the screening stage, the method would provide benefits in shortening timelines and reducing cost for selection and initial testing of medicinal nanoparticle candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V Kuznetsova
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Bernhard K Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jia Min Chin
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael R Reithofer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrei R Timerbaev
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation.
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54
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Rúbio GMDM, Keppler BK, Chin JM, Reithofer MR. Synthetically Versatile Nitrogen Acyclic Carbene Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles. Chemistry 2020; 26:15859-15862. [PMID: 32996636 PMCID: PMC7894353 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have received significant attention as gold nanoparticle stabilizers due to their strong binding affinity towards gold. However, their tunability is limited by the difficulty in obtaining nonsymmetric NHCs. In this regard, N-acyclic carbenes (NACs) are attractive alternatives due to their high synthetic versatility, allowing easy tuning of their steric and electronic properties towards specific applications. This work reports the first series of stable and monodisperse NAC-functionalized gold nanoparticles. These particles with sizes ranging 3.8 to 11.6 nm were characterized using NMR, UV/Vis and TEM. The nanoparticles display good stability at elevated temperatures and for extended periods both dried or dispersed in a medium, as well as in the presence of exogenous thiols. Importantly, these NAC-stabilized gold nanoparticles offer a promising and versatile alternative to NHC-stabilized gold nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme M. D. M. Rúbio
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWaehringer Strasse 421090ViennaAustria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWaehringer Strasse 421090ViennaAustria
| | - Jia Min Chin
- Institute of Physical ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWaehringer Strasse 421090ViennaAustria
| | - Michael R. Reithofer
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWaehringer Strasse 421090ViennaAustria
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55
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Reduced Thiol Compounds – Induced Biosensing, Bioimaging Analysis and Targeted Delivery. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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56
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Liu H, Yu J, Liu Y, Liu Y. Plasmonic acceleration of Nitrophenol reduction upon catalysis by robust gold nanoparticle donut assemblies. CATAL COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2020.106137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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57
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Peltier JL, Soleilhavoup M, Martin D, Jazzar R, Bertrand G. Absolute Templating of M(111) Cluster Surrogates by Galvanic Exchange. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16479-16485. [PMID: 32872772 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The precise preparation of monodisperse nanomaterials is among the most fundamental tasks in inorganic synthesis and materials science. Achieving this goal by galvanic exchange is hardly predictable and often results in major structural changes and polydisperse mixtures. Taking advantage of the enhanced stability imparted by ambiphilic carbenes, we report and rationalize the absolute templating, the complete exchange of metals in a template, of group 11 clusters across the entire coinage metal family by means of galvanic exchange. We further delineate that these species provide a molecular model for better understanding the reduction of CO2 at M(111) coinage metal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse L Peltier
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Michele Soleilhavoup
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - David Martin
- Universite Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Rodolphe Jazzar
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Guy Bertrand
- UCSD-CNRS Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
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58
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Wu S, Wang T, Xu H. Regulating Heterogeneous Catalysis of Gold Nanoparticles with Polymer Mechanochemistry. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:1192-1197. [PMID: 35638615 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Polymer mechanochemistry has emerged as a unique approach to regulate homogeneous catalysis in chemical transformations. The utilization of polymer mechanochemistry to regulate heterogeneous catalysis, however, still remains to be investigated. In this study, using polymer-grafted gold nanoparticles as the model heterogeneous catalysts, we show that polymer chains can be mechanically ruptured from the surface of gold nanoparticles, and thus, the catalytic activity of gold nanoparticles can be accelerated under sonication. The mechanical activation of polymer-grafted gold nanoparticles only occurs when the grafted polymer chains exceed a threshold molecular weight. This mechanical behavior is similar to those mechanophore-linked polymers. More importantly, further characterizations reveal that the Au-Au bonds instead of the Au-S bonds are broken at the heterointerfaces of polymer chains and gold nanoparticles. Our study unveils an unprecedented characteristic of polymer-grafted metallic nanoparticles in response to external mechanical stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyao Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Tao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Hangxun Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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59
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Zhou Z, Xie Q, Zhou X, Yuan Y, Pan Y, Lu D, Du Z, Xue J. Synthesis of glucoside-based imidazolium salts for Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction in water. Carbohydr Res 2020; 496:108079. [PMID: 32745715 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.108079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Sugar-based imidazolium salts (IMSs) represent an outstanding type of material making them eye-catching for a wide variety of applications. Herein, a series of glucoside-based IMSs (Glu-IMSs) combining glucoside and imidazolium head groups with different substituents were synthesized. The catalytic activities of these Glu-IMSs were evaluated by Pd-catalyzed Heck-Mizoroki and Suzuki-Miyaura reactions in water. Among them, the Glu-IMSs contain both -OH and NHCs coordination sites was found to be the most efficient ancillary ligand in comparison with other Glu-IMSs with just single NHCs coordination site. The HR-TEM analysis showed that the palladium nanoparticles stabilized by the Glu-IMSs with an average size of ~4.0 nm was formed in the reaction system, which may be act as an efficient real catalytic species. Under the optimized reaction conditions, a series of novel fluorine-cored organic small molecule functional materials were synthesized with favorable yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonggao Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Functional Materials Chemistry, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China.
| | - Qian Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Functional Materials Chemistry, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Xin Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Functional Materials Chemistry, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Yangyang Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Functional Materials Chemistry, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Yan Pan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Functional Materials Chemistry, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Dongliang Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Functional Materials Chemistry, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Ziyi Du
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Functional Materials Chemistry, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China
| | - Jun Xue
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Functional Materials Chemistry, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China.
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60
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Bakker A, Freitag M, Kolodzeiski E, Bellotti P, Timmer A, Ren J, Schulze Lammers B, Moock D, Roesky HW, Mönig H, Amirjalayer S, Fuchs H, Glorius F. An Electron-Rich Cyclic (Alkyl)(Amino)Carbene on Au(111), Ag(111), and Cu(111) Surfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:13643-13646. [PMID: 32267051 PMCID: PMC7496406 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The structural properties and binding motif of a strongly σ-electron-donating N-heterocyclic carbene have been investigated on different transition-metal surfaces. The examined cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (CAAC) was found to be mobile on surfaces, and molecular islands with short-range order could be found at high coverage. A combination of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations highlights how CAACs bind to the surface, which is of tremendous importance to gain an understanding of heterogeneous catalysts bearing CAACs as ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bakker
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
| | - Matthias Freitag
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Elena Kolodzeiski
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and ComputationWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Peter Bellotti
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Alexander Timmer
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
- nanoAnalytics GmbHHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
| | - Jindong Ren
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
| | - Bertram Schulze Lammers
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
| | - Daniel Moock
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstrasse 437077GöttingenGermany
| | - Harry Mönig
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and ComputationWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätWilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 1048149MünsterGermany
- Center for NanotechnologyHeisenbergstrasse 1148149MünsterGermany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
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61
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Gou X, Liu T, Wang Y, Han Y. Ultrastable and Highly Catalytically Active N‐Heterocyclic‐Carbene‐Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles in Confined Spaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xing‐Xing Gou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Tong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Yao‐Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Ying‐Feng Han
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
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62
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Gou XX, Liu T, Wang YY, Han YF. Ultrastable and Highly Catalytically Active N-Heterocyclic-Carbene-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles in Confined Spaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:16683-16689. [PMID: 32533619 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Controlling the size and surface functionalization of nanoparticles (NPs) can lead to improved properties and applicability. Herein, we demonstrate the efficiency of the metal-carbene template approach (MCTA) to synthesize highly robust and soluble three-dimensional polyimidazolium cages (PICs) of different sizes, each bearing numerous imidazolium groups, and use these as templates to synthesize and stabilize catalytically active, cavity-hosted, dispersed poly-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-anchored gold NPs. Owing to the stabilization of the NHC ligands and the effective confinement of the cage cavities, the as-prepared poly-NHC-shell-encapsulated AuNPs displayed promising stability towards heat, pH, and chemical regents. Most notably, all the Au@PCCs (PCC=polycarbene cage) exhibited excellent catalytic activities in various chemical reactions, together with high stability and durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Xing Gou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Tong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Yao-Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Feng Han
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
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63
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Ordonez C, Watanabe N, Kozaki T. Migration of polyethylene glycol coated gold nanoparticles in surrogate natural barriers. J NUCL SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00223131.2020.1727371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Ordonez
- Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13 West 8, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naoko Watanabe
- Division of Energy and Environmental Systems, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13 West 8, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Kozaki
- Division of Energy and Environmental Systems, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North 13 West 8, Sapporo, Japan
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64
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Bakker A, Freitag M, Kolodzeiski E, Bellotti P, Timmer A, Ren J, Schulze Lammers B, Moock D, Roesky HW, Mönig H, Amirjalayer S, Fuchs H, Glorius F. Ein elektronenreiches cyclisches (Alkyl)(amino)carben auf Au(111)‐, Ag(111)‐ und Cu(111)‐Oberflächen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bakker
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Matthias Freitag
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Elena Kolodzeiski
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Peter Bellotti
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Alexander Timmer
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
- nanoAnalytics GmbH Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Jindong Ren
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Bertram Schulze Lammers
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Daniel Moock
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Harry Mönig
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10 48149 Münster Deutschland
- Center for Nanotechnology Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
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65
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Lomelí-Rosales DA, Aguilar-Alcaraz A, Alvarado-Rodríguez JG, Becerra-Martínez E, Zamudio-Ojeda A, Velázquez-Juárez G, Rangel-Salas II, Peregrina-Lucano AA, López-Reyes ME, Cortés-Llamas SA. Synthesis of neutral and cationic NHC-Au complexes as nanoparticle precursors. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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66
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67
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DeJesus JF, Sherman LM, Yohannan DJ, Becca JC, Strausser SL, Karger LFP, Jensen L, Jenkins DM, Camden JP. A Benchtop Method for Appending Protic Functional Groups to N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Protected Gold Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph F. DeJesus
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 USA
| | - Lindy M. Sherman
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of Notre Dame South Bend IN 46556 USA
| | - Darius J. Yohannan
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of Notre Dame South Bend IN 46556 USA
| | - Jeffrey C. Becca
- Department of ChemistryThe Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
| | | | - Leonhard F. P. Karger
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of Notre Dame South Bend IN 46556 USA
| | - Lasse Jensen
- Department of ChemistryThe Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - David M. Jenkins
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 USA
| | - Jon P. Camden
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of Notre Dame South Bend IN 46556 USA
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68
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DeJesus JF, Sherman LM, Yohannan DJ, Becca JC, Strausser SL, Karger LFP, Jensen L, Jenkins DM, Camden JP. A Benchtop Method for Appending Protic Functional Groups to N-Heterocyclic Carbene Protected Gold Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7585-7590. [PMID: 32092219 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The remarkable resilience of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) gold bonds has quickly made NHCs the ligand of choice when functionalizing gold surfaces. Despite rapid progress using deposition from free or CO2 -protected NHCs, synthetic challenges hinder the functionalization of NHC surfaces with protic functional groups, such as alcohols and amines, particularly on larger nanoparticles. Here, we synthesize NHC-functionalized gold surfaces from gold(I) NHC complexes and aqueous nanoparticles without the need for additional reagents, enabling otherwise difficult functional groups to be appended to the carbene. The resilience of the NHC-Au bond allows for multi-step post-synthetic modification. Beginning with the nitro-NHC, we form an amine-NHC terminated surface, which further undergoes amide coupling with carboxylic acids. The simplicity of this approach, its compatibility with aqueous nanoparticle solutions, and its ability to yield protic functionality, greatly expands the potential of NHC-functionalized noble metal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph F DeJesus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Lindy M Sherman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Darius J Yohannan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Becca
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Shelby L Strausser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Leonhard F P Karger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Lasse Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - David M Jenkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Jon P Camden
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, 46556, USA
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69
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Vellé A, Rodríguez-Santiago L, Sodupe M, Sanz Miguel PJ. Enhanced Metallophilicity in Metal-Carbene Systems: Stronger Character of Aurophilic Interactions in Solution. Chemistry 2020; 26:997-1002. [PMID: 31729079 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Metallophilicity is an essential concept that builds upon the attraction between closed shell metal ions. We report on the [M2 (bisNHC)2 ]2+ (M=AuI , AgI ; NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene) systems, which display almost identical features in the solid state. However, in solution the Au2 cation exhibits a significantly higher degree of rigidity owed to the stronger character of the aurophilic interactions. Both Au2 and Ag2 cationic constructs are able to accommodate Ag+ ions via M-M interactions, despite their inherent Coulombic repulsion. When electrostatic repulsion between host and guest is partially diminished, M-M distances are substantially shortened. Quantum chemical calculations estimate intermetallic bond orders up to 0.2. Although at the limit of (or beyond) the van der Waals radii, metallophilic interactions are responsible for their behavior in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Vellé
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis QuímicayCatálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luis Rodríguez-Santiago
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Sodupe
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo J Sanz Miguel
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis QuímicayCatálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
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70
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Fernández G, Bernardo L, Villanueva A, Pleixats R. Gold nanoparticles stabilized by PEG-tagged imidazolium salts as recyclable catalysts for the synthesis of propargylamines and the cycloisomerization of γ-alkynoic acids. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj00284d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Water-soluble gold nanoparticles prepared in the presence of PEG-tagged tris-imidazolium bromide, containing Au(0) and Au(i) species, are reusable catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillem Fernández
- Department of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- 08193-Cerdanyola del Vallès
- Spain
| | - Laura Bernardo
- Department of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- 08193-Cerdanyola del Vallès
- Spain
| | - Ana Villanueva
- Department of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- 08193-Cerdanyola del Vallès
- Spain
| | - Roser Pleixats
- Department of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- 08193-Cerdanyola del Vallès
- Spain
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71
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Ruiz-Varilla AM, Baquero EA, Chaudret B, de Jesús E, Gonzalez-Arellano C, Flores JC. Water-soluble NHC-stabilized platinum nanoparticles as recoverable catalysts for hydrogenation in water. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00481b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aromatic compounds have been hydrogenated in water using recoverable catalysts based on water-soluble platinum nanoparticles capped with NHC ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M. Ruiz-Varilla
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica
- Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés M. del Río”
- Campus Universitario
- Universidad de Alcalá
- Madrid
| | - Edwin A. Baquero
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia
- 111321 Bogotá
- Colombia
| | | | - Ernesto de Jesús
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica
- Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés M. del Río”
- Campus Universitario
- Universidad de Alcalá
- Madrid
| | - Camino Gonzalez-Arellano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica
- Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés M. del Río”
- Campus Universitario
- Universidad de Alcalá
- Madrid
| | - Juan C. Flores
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica
- Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés M. del Río”
- Campus Universitario
- Universidad de Alcalá
- Madrid
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72
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Young AJ, Eisen C, Rubio GM, Chin JM, Reithofer MR. pH responsive histidin-2-ylidene stabilized gold nanoparticles. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 199:110707. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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73
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Abstract
Multivalent protein-protein interactions serve central roles in many essential biological processes, ranging from cell signaling and adhesion to pathogen recognition. Uncovering the rules that govern these intricate interactions is important not only to basic biology and chemistry but also to the applied sciences where researchers are interested in developing molecules to promote or inhibit these interactions. Here we report the synthesis and application of atomically precise inorganic cluster nanomolecules consisting of an inorganic core and a covalently linked densely packed layer of saccharides. These hybrid agents are stable under biologically relevant conditions and exhibit multivalent binding capabilities, which enable us to study the complex interactions between glycosylated structures and a dendritic cell lectin receptor. Importantly, we find that subtle changes in the molecular structure lead to significant differences in the nanomolecule's protein-binding properties. Furthermore, we demonstrate an example of using these hybrid nanomolecules to effectively inhibit protein-protein interactions in a human cell line. Ultimately, this work reveals an intricate interplay between the structural design of multivalent agents and their biological activities toward protein surfaces.
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74
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Phan HT, Haes AJ. What Does Nanoparticle Stability Mean? THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2019; 123:16495-16507. [PMID: 31844485 PMCID: PMC6913534 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b00913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The term "nanoparticle stability" is widely used to describe the preservation of a particular nanostructure property ranging from aggregation, composition, crystallinity, shape, size, and surface chemistry. As a result, this catch-all term has various meanings, which depend on the specific nanoparticle property of interest and/or application. In this feature article, we provide an answer to the question, "What does nanoparticle stability mean?". Broadly speaking, the definition of nanoparticle stability depends on the targeted size dependent property that is exploited and can only exist for a finite period of time given all nanostructures are inherently thermodynamically and energetically unfavorable relative to bulk states. To answer this question specifically, however, the relationship between nanoparticle stability and the physical/chemical properties of metal/metal oxide nanoparticles are discussed. Specific definitions are explored in terms of aggregation state, core composition, shape, size, and surface chemistry. Next, mechanisms of promoting nanoparticle stability are defined and related to these same nanoparticle properties. Metrics involving both kinetics and thermodynamics are considered. Methods that provide quantitative metrics for measuring and modeling nanoparticle stability in terms of core composition, shape, size, and surface chemistry are outlined. The stability of solution-phase nanoparticles are also impacted by aggregation state. Thus, collision and DLVO theories are discussed. Finally, challenges and opportunities in understanding what nanoparticle stability means are addressed to facilitate further studies with this important class of materials.
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75
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Ventura-Espinosa D, Martín S, Mata JA. The non-innocent role of graphene in the formation/immobilization of ultra-small gold nanoparticles functionalized with N-heterocyclic carbene ligands. J Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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76
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Heidari B, Heravi MM, Nabid MR, Sedghi R. Well‐dispersed
N
‐heterocyclic carbene–palladium complex anchored onto poly(acrylic acid)/poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofibers: Novel, superior and ecofriendly nanocatalyst for the Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Nabid
- Department of Polymer and Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum SciencesShahid Beheshti University GC 1983969411 Tehran Iran
| | - Roya Sedghi
- Department of Polymer and Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum SciencesShahid Beheshti University GC 1983969411 Tehran Iran
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77
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Young AJ, Sauer M, Rubio GMDM, Sato A, Foelske A, Serpell CJ, Chin JM, Reithofer MR. One-step synthesis and XPS investigations of chiral NHC-Au(0)/Au(i) nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:8327-8333. [PMID: 30984947 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr00905a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Although N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have been demonstrated as suitable ligands for the stabilisation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) through a variety of methods, the manner in which such AuNPs form is yet to be fully elucidated. We report a simple and fast one-step synthesis of uniform chiral (l/d)-histidin-2-ylidene stabilised gold nanoparticles using the organometallic Au(i) complex as a well defined starting material. The resulting nanoparticles have an average size of 2.35 ± 0.43 nm for the L analog whereas an average size of 2.25 ± 0.39 nm was found for the D analog. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses reveal the presence of Au(i) and Au(0) in all NHC stabilised AuNPs. In contrast, measured X-ray photoelectron spectra of dodecanethiol protected gold nanoparticles showed only the presence of a Au(0) species. This observation leads us to postulate that AuNPs synthesised from organometallic NHC-Au(i) complexes exhibit a monolayer of Au(i) surrounding a Au(0) core. This work highlights the importance of synthetic method choice for NHC-stabilized AuNPs, as this could determine Au oxidation states and resulting AuNP properties such as catalytic activities and stabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Young
- Gray Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire, HU6 7RX, UK.
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78
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N-heterocyclic carbene-functionalized magic-number gold nanoclusters. Nat Chem 2019; 11:419-425. [DOI: 10.1038/s41557-019-0246-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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79
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Zhou Z, Li M, Liu G, Xu G, Xue J. Ultra‐small sugar‐substituted N‐heterocyclic carbene‐protected palladium nanoparticles and catalytic activity. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhonggao Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 China
| | - Mei Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 China
| | - Guangsheng Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 China
| | - Guohai Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 China
| | - Jun Xue
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 China
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80
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Smith CA, Narouz MR, Lummis PA, Singh I, Nazemi A, Li CH, Crudden CM. N-Heterocyclic Carbenes in Materials Chemistry. Chem Rev 2019; 119:4986-5056. [PMID: 30938514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 353] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have become one of the most widely studied class of ligands in molecular chemistry and have found applications in fields as varied as catalysis, the stabilization of reactive molecular fragments, and biochemistry. More recently, NHCs have found applications in materials chemistry and have allowed for the functionalization of surfaces, polymers, nanoparticles, and discrete, well-defined clusters. In this review, we provide an in-depth look at recent advances in the use of NHCs for the development of functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christene A Smith
- Department of Chemistry , Queen's University , 90 Bader Lane , Kingston , Ontario , Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Mina R Narouz
- Department of Chemistry , Queen's University , 90 Bader Lane , Kingston , Ontario , Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Paul A Lummis
- Department of Chemistry , Queen's University , 90 Bader Lane , Kingston , Ontario , Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Ishwar Singh
- Department of Chemistry , Queen's University , 90 Bader Lane , Kingston , Ontario , Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Ali Nazemi
- Department of Chemistry , Queen's University , 90 Bader Lane , Kingston , Ontario , Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Chien-Hung Li
- Department of Chemistry , Queen's University , 90 Bader Lane , Kingston , Ontario , Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Cathleen M Crudden
- Department of Chemistry , Queen's University , 90 Bader Lane , Kingston , Ontario , Canada , K7L 3N6.,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, ITbM-WPI , Nagoya University , Nagoya , Chikusa 464-8601 , Japan
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81
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Lovat G, Doud EA, Lu D, Kladnik G, Inkpen MS, Steigerwald ML, Cvetko D, Hybertsen MS, Morgante A, Roy X, Venkataraman L. Determination of the structure and geometry of N-heterocyclic carbenes on Au(111) using high-resolution spectroscopy. Chem Sci 2019; 10:930-935. [PMID: 30774887 PMCID: PMC6346291 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03502d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) bind very strongly to transition metals due to their unique electronic structure featuring a divalent carbon atom with a lone pair in a highly directional sp2-hybridized orbital. As such, they can be assembled into monolayers on metal surfaces that have enhanced stability compared to their thiol-based counterparts. The utility of NHCs to form such robust self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) was only recently recognized and many fundamental questions remain. Here we investigate the structure and geometry of a series of NHCs on Au(111) using high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. We find that the N-substituents on the NHC ring strongly affect the molecule-metal interaction and steer the orientation of molecules in the surface layer. In contrast to previous reports, our experimental and theoretical results provide unequivocal evidence that NHCs with N-methyl substituents bind to undercoordinated adatoms to form flat-lying complexes. In these SAMs, the donor-acceptor interaction between the NHC lone pair and the undercoordinated Au adatom is primarily responsible for the strong bonding of the molecules to the surface. NHCs with bulkier N-substituents prevent the formation of such complexes by forcing the molecules into an upright orientation. Our work provides unique insights into the bonding and geometry of NHC monolayers; more generally, it charts a clear path to manipulating the interaction between NHCs and metal surfaces using traditional coordination chemistry synthetic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Lovat
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , USA .
| | - Evan A Doud
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , USA .
| | - Deyu Lu
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York , USA
| | - Gregor Kladnik
- CNR-IOM Laboratorio Nazionale TASC , Basovizza SS-14, km 163.5 , 34012 Trieste , Italy .
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics , University of Ljubljana , Jadranska 19 , Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Michael S Inkpen
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , USA .
| | | | - Dean Cvetko
- CNR-IOM Laboratorio Nazionale TASC , Basovizza SS-14, km 163.5 , 34012 Trieste , Italy .
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics , University of Ljubljana , Jadranska 19 , Ljubljana , Slovenia
- J. Stefan Institute , Jamova 39 , Ljubljana , SI-1000 , Slovenia
| | - Mark S Hybertsen
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York , USA
| | - Alberto Morgante
- CNR-IOM Laboratorio Nazionale TASC , Basovizza SS-14, km 163.5 , 34012 Trieste , Italy .
- Department of Physics , University of Trieste , via A. Valerio 2 , 34127 , Trieste , Italy
| | - Xavier Roy
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , USA .
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , USA .
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , USA .
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82
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Gildner MB, Hudnall TW. Cyclic (aryl)(amido)carbenes: pushing the π-acidity of amidocarbenes through benzannulation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:12300-12303. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05280a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic(aryl)(amido)carbenes were synthesized, and studied via a combination of experimental and computational approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Brenton Gildner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Texas State University
- San Marcos
- USA
| | - Todd W. Hudnall
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Texas State University
- San Marcos
- USA
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83
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Using selenium-conjugated polyethylene glycol to enhance the stability of gold nanoparticles in biologically relevant samples. Sci China Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-018-9374-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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84
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An Y, Yu J, Han Y. Recent Advances in the Chemistry of
N
‐Heterocyclic‐Carbene‐Functionalized Metal‐Nanoparticles and Their Applications. CHINESE J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201800450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan‐Yuan An
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710127 China
| | - Jian‐Gang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710127 China
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Quzhou University Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000 China
| | - Ying‐Feng Han
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710127 China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
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85
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Trujillo MJ, Strausser SL, Becca JC, DeJesus JF, Jensen L, Jenkins DM, Camden JP. Using SERS To Understand the Binding of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes to Gold Surfaces. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:6779-6785. [PMID: 30350991 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Surface functionalization is an essential component of most applications of noble-metal surfaces. Thiols and amines are traditionally employed to attach molecules to noble-metal surfaces, but they have limitations. A growing body of research, however, suggests that N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) can be readily employed for surface functionalization with superior chemical stability compared with thiols. We demonstrate the power of surface-enhanced Raman scattering combined with theory to present a comprehensive picture of NHC binding to gold surfaces. In particular, we synthesize a library of NHC isotopologues and use surface-enhanced Raman scattering to record the vibrational spectra of these NHCs while bound to gold surfaces. Our experimental data are compared with first-principles theory, yielding numerous new insights into the binding of NHCs to gold surfaces. In addition to these insights, we expect our approach to be a general method for probing the local surface properties of NHC-functionalized surfaces for their expanding use in sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Trujillo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , Indiana 46556 , United States
| | - Shelby L Strausser
- Department of Chemistry , University of Tennessee , Knoxville , Tennessee 37996 , United States
| | - Jeffrey C Becca
- Department of Chemistry , The Pennsylvania State University , 104 Chemistry Building , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802-4615 , United States
| | - Joseph F DeJesus
- Department of Chemistry , University of Tennessee , Knoxville , Tennessee 37996 , United States
| | - Lasse Jensen
- Department of Chemistry , The Pennsylvania State University , 104 Chemistry Building , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802-4615 , United States
| | - David M Jenkins
- Department of Chemistry , University of Tennessee , Knoxville , Tennessee 37996 , United States
| | - Jon P Camden
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , Indiana 46556 , United States
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86
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Tegeder P, Freitag M, Chepiga KM, Muratsugu S, Möller N, Lamping S, Tada M, Glorius F, Ravoo BJ. N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Modified Au–Pd Alloy Nanoparticles and Their Application as Biomimetic and Heterogeneous Catalysts. Chemistry 2018; 24:18682-18688. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Tegeder
- Westfälische Universität MünsterOrganisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Matthias Freitag
- Westfälische Universität MünsterOrganisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Kathryn M. Chepiga
- Westfälische Universität MünsterOrganisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Satoshi Muratsugu
- Nagoya UniversityDepartment of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science Furo-cho, Chikusa Nagoya Aichi 464-8602 Japan
| | - Nadja Möller
- Westfälische Universität MünsterOrganisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Sebastian Lamping
- Westfälische Universität MünsterOrganisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Mizuki Tada
- Nagoya UniversityDepartment of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science Furo-cho, Chikusa Nagoya Aichi 464-8602 Japan
- Research Center for Materials Science (RCMS) and Integrated Research, Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS)Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa Nagoya Aichi 464-8602 Japan
| | - Frank Glorius
- Westfälische Universität MünsterOrganisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Bart Jan Ravoo
- Westfälische Universität MünsterOrganisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
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87
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Robust gold nanorods stabilized by bidentate N-heterocyclic-carbene-thiolate ligands. Nat Chem 2018; 11:57-63. [PMID: 30420777 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-018-0159-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have demonstrated outstanding potential for use as surface anchors, synthetic challenges have limited their application to either large planar substrates or very small spherical nanoparticles. The development of a strategy to graft NHCs onto non-spherical nanomaterials, such as gold nanorods, would greatly expand their utility as surface ligands. Here, we use a bidentate thiolate-NHC-gold(I) complex that is easily grafted onto commercial cetyl trimethylammonium bromide-stabilized gold nanorods through ligand exchange. On mild reduction of the resulting surface-tethered NHC-gold(I) complexes, the gold atom attached to the NHC complex is added to the surface as an adatom, thereby precluding the need for reorganization of the underlying surface lattice upon NHC binding. The resulting thiolate-NHC-stabilized gold nanorods are stable towards excess glutathione for up to six days, and under conditions with large variations in pH, high and low temperatures, high salt concentrations, or in biological media and cell culture. We also demonstrate the utility of these nanorods for in vitro photothermal therapy.
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88
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Song H, Kim H, Lee E. Coumaraz-2-on-4-ylidene: Ambiphilic N-Heterocyclic Carbenes with a Tunable Electronic Structure. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:8603-8607. [PMID: 29767421 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a coumaraz-2-on-4-ylidene (1) as a new example of an ambiphilic N-heterocyclic carbene, having electronic properties that can be fine-tuned, is reported. The N-carbamic and aryl groups on the carbene carbon center provide exceptionally high electrophilicity and nucleophilicity simultaneously to the carbene center, as evidenced by the 77 Se NMR chemical shifts of their selenoketone derivatives and the CO stretching strengths of their rhodium carbonyl complexes. Since the precursors of 1 could be synthesized from various functionalized Schiff bases in a practical and scalable manner, the electronic properties of 1 can be fine-tuned in a quantitative and predictable way by using the Hammett σ constant of the functional groups on aryl ring. The facile electronic tuning capability of 1 may be applicable to eliciting novel properties in main-group and transition-metal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayoung Song
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunho Kim
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsung Lee
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.,Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
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89
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Song H, Kim H, Lee E. Coumaraz‐2‐on‐4‐ylidene: Ambiphilic N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes with a Tunable Electronic Structure. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hayoung Song
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunho Kim
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsung Lee
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
- Division of Advanced Materials Science Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
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90
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Cao J, Tian H. N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Protected Ag Nanoparticles Immobilized on Polyacrylonitrile Fiber as Efficient Catalysts for a Three-Component Coupling Reaction. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:1561-1569. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Cao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine; Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Hongqi Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine; Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin 300192 China
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91
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Bridonneau N, Hippolyte L, Mercier D, Portehault D, Desage-El Murr M, Marcus P, Fensterbank L, Chanéac C, Ribot F. N-Heterocyclic carbene-stabilized gold nanoparticles with tunable sizes. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:6850-6859. [PMID: 29725678 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00416a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A simple and straightforward synthesis of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-protected gold nanoparticles is derived from (benz)imidazolium-AuX4 complexes and NaBH4 only. The proposed method allows size tuning, from 3 to 6 nm, by adding (benz)imidazolium bromide. Changing the reducing agent to tBuNH2BH3 shifts the size range to ca. 6-12 nm. A one pot protocol is also reported from AuCl, (benz)imidazolium bromides and NaBH4, thereby providing an even more straightforward way of producing NHC-capped gold nanoparticles. In addition, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is used to unambiguously evidence, on the nanoparticles, the covalent bond formed between the NHC and the surface gold atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bridonneau
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, LCMCP, F-75005 Paris, France.
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92
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Cao Z, Derrick JS, Xu J, Gao R, Gong M, Nichols EM, Smith PT, Liu X, Wen X, Copéret C, Chang CJ. Chelating N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands Enable Tuning of Electrocatalytic CO
2
Reduction to Formate and Carbon Monoxide: Surface Organometallic Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:4981-4985. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201800367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Cao
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Jeffrey S. Derrick
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Rui Gao
- Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 China
- Synfuels China Beijing 100195 China
| | - Ming Gong
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Eva M. Nichols
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Peter T. Smith
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Xingwu Liu
- Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 China
- Synfuels China Beijing 100195 China
| | - Xiaodong Wen
- Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 China
- Synfuels China Beijing 100195 China
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Christopher J. Chang
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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93
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Cao Z, Derrick JS, Xu J, Gao R, Gong M, Nichols EM, Smith PT, Liu X, Wen X, Copéret C, Chang CJ. Chelating N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands Enable Tuning of Electrocatalytic CO
2
Reduction to Formate and Carbon Monoxide: Surface Organometallic Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201800367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Cao
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Jeffrey S. Derrick
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Rui Gao
- Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 China
- Synfuels China Beijing 100195 China
| | - Ming Gong
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Eva M. Nichols
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Peter T. Smith
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Xingwu Liu
- Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 China
- Synfuels China Beijing 100195 China
| | - Xiaodong Wen
- Institute of Coal Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 China
- Synfuels China Beijing 100195 China
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Christopher J. Chang
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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94
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Ye R, Zhukhovitskiy AV, Kazantsev RV, Fakra SC, Wickemeyer BB, Toste FD, Somorjai GA. Supported Au Nanoparticles with N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands as Active and Stable Heterogeneous Catalysts for Lactonization. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:4144-4149. [PMID: 29506380 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b01017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Attachment of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) on the surface of metal nanoparticle (NP) catalysts permits fine-tuning of catalytic activity and product selectivity. Yet, NHC-coated Au NPs have been seldom used in catalysis beyond hydrogenation chemistry. One challenge in this field has been to develop a platform that permits arbitrary ligand modification without having to compromise NP stability toward aggregation or leaching. Herein, we exploit the strategy of supported dendrimer-encapsulated metal clusters (DEMCs) to achieve aggregation-stable yet active heterogeneous Au NP catalysts with NHC ligands. Dendrimers function as aggregation-inhibitors during the NP synthesis, and NHCs, well-known for their strong attachment to the gold surface, provide a handle to modify the stereochemistry, stereoelectronics, and chemical functionality of the NP surface. Indeed, compared to "ligandless" Au NPs which are virtually inactive below 80 °C, the NHC-ligated Au NP catalysts enable a model lactonization reaction to proceed at 20 °C on the same time scale (hours). Based on Eyring analysis, proto-deauration is the turnover-limiting step accelerated by the NHC ligands. Furthermore, the use of chiral NHCs led to asymmetric induction (up to 16% enantiomeric excess) in the lactonization transformations, which demonstrates the potential of supported DEMCs with ancillary ligands in enantioselective catalysis.
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95
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Martínez-Prieto LM, Baquero EA, Pieters G, Flores JC, de Jesús E, Nayral C, Delpech F, van Leeuwen PWNM, Lippens G, Chaudret B. Monitoring of nanoparticle reactivity in solution: interaction of l-lysine and Ru nanoparticles probed by chemical shift perturbation parallels regioselective H/D exchange. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:5850-5853. [PMID: 28504805 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02445b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Thanks to new water-soluble Ru nanoparticles (NPs) stabilized by sulfonated NHC ligands, we demonstrate that it is possible to monitor the catalyst/substrate interaction using NMR chemical shift perturbations (CSPs), under conditions that closely resemble those applied during the enantiospecific C-H deuteration of l-lysine. Correlating the pH dependence of the interaction of l-lysine with the surface of the RuNPs and its subsequent deuteration, our study underscores the importance of oriented binding to the surface as a critical factor for H/D exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M Martínez-Prieto
- LPCNO, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets, UMR5215 INSA-CNRS-UPS, Institut des Sciences appliquées, 135, Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France.
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96
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Zhang W, Peng L, Deng C, Zhang Y, Qian H. A simple method for preparing imidazolium-based polymer as solid catalyst for Suzuki-Miyaura reaction. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2017.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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97
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Man RWY, Li CH, MacLean MWA, Zenkina OV, Zamora MT, Saunders LN, Rousina-Webb A, Nambo M, Crudden CM. Ultrastable Gold Nanoparticles Modified by Bidentate N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:1576-1579. [PMID: 29211456 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Highly stable gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) functionalized by bidentate N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have been synthesized by top-down and bottom-up approaches. A detailed study of the effect of alkylation, denticity, and method of synthesis has led to the production of NHC-stabilized nanoparticles with higher thermal stability than bi- and tridentate thiol-protected Au NPs and than monodentate NHC-stabilized NPs. Importantly, bidentate NHC-protected NPs also displayed unprecedented stability to external thiol, which has been an unsolved problem to date with all nanoparticles. Thus, multidentate NHC ligands are an important, and as yet unrecognized, step forward for the preparation of high stability nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee W Y Man
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University , Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Chien-Hung Li
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University , Chernoff Hall, Kingston, Ontario Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Michael W A MacLean
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University , Chernoff Hall, Kingston, Ontario Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Olena V Zenkina
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University , Chernoff Hall, Kingston, Ontario Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Matthew T Zamora
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University , Chernoff Hall, Kingston, Ontario Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Lisa N Saunders
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University , Chernoff Hall, Kingston, Ontario Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Alexander Rousina-Webb
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University , Chernoff Hall, Kingston, Ontario Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Masakazu Nambo
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University , Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Cathleen M Crudden
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University , Chernoff Hall, Kingston, Ontario Canada , K7L 3N6.,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University , Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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98
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DeJesus JF, Trujillo MJ, Camden JP, Jenkins DM. N-Heterocyclic Carbenes as a Robust Platform for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:1247-1250. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b12779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph F. DeJesus
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Michael J. Trujillo
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Jon P. Camden
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - David M. Jenkins
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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99
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Klauke K, Gruber I, Knedel TO, Schmolke L, Barthel J, Breitzke H, Buntkowsky G, Janiak C. Silver, Gold, Palladium, and Platinum N-heterocyclic Carbene Complexes Containing a Selenoether-Functionalized Imidazol-2-ylidene Moiety. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Klauke
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Irina Gruber
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tim-Oliver Knedel
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Laura Schmolke
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Juri Barthel
- Gemeinschaftslabor für Elektronenmikroskopie RWTH-Aachen, Ernst-Ruska-Centrum für Mikroskopie und Spektroskopie mit
Elektronen, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Hergen Breitzke
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut
für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut
für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Christoph Janiak
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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100
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Baquero EA, Tricard S, Coppel Y, Flores JC, Chaudret B, de Jesús E. Water-soluble platinum nanoparticles stabilized by sulfonated N-heterocyclic carbenes: influence of the synthetic approach. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:4093-4104. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00240a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
On the surface: Pt nanoparticles with NHC ligands at the surface have been prepared in water using different organometallic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin A. Baquero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica
- Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR)
- Universidad de Alcalá
- Campus Universitario
- Madrid
| | - Simon Tricard
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets
- UMR5215 INSA-CNRS-UPS
- Institut des Sciences appliquées
- 31077 Toulouse
- France
| | - Yannick Coppel
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination
- CNRS
- Université de Toulouse
- 31077 Toulouse
- France
| | - Juan C. Flores
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica
- Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR)
- Universidad de Alcalá
- Campus Universitario
- Madrid
| | - Bruno Chaudret
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets
- UMR5215 INSA-CNRS-UPS
- Institut des Sciences appliquées
- 31077 Toulouse
- France
| | - Ernesto de Jesús
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica
- Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR)
- Universidad de Alcalá
- Campus Universitario
- Madrid
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