51
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Thiel Z, Rivera‐Fuentes P. Single‐Molecule Imaging of Active Mitochondrial Nitroreductases Using a Photo‐Crosslinking Fluorescent Sensor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:11474-11478. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zacharias Thiel
- Laboratorium für Organische ChemieETH Zürich, HCI G329 Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Pablo Rivera‐Fuentes
- Laboratorium für Organische ChemieETH Zürich, HCI G329 Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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52
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Jing Y, Chen J, Zhou L, Sun J, Cai M, Shi Y, Tian Y, Gao J, Wang H. Super-resolution imaging of cancer-associated carbohydrates using aptamer probes. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:14879-14886. [PMID: 31360978 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03948a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Globo H, as one of the most crucial cancer-associated carbohydrates, is exclusively overexpressed in a variety of cancers. However, the accurate localization and detailed morphology of globo H at the molecular level remain unclear. Here, we applied direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM) and relied on fluorophore-conjugated aptamers to solve the problem. The results showed that globo H organized as clusters on cell membranes with irregular shapes and different sizes from 100 to 300 nm. Significantly, globo H was found to have a higher expression level and larger clusters on various cancer cells than on non-cancer cells, which hinted that its specific distribution could be utilized for cancer diagnosis. Moreover, dual-color dSTORM imaging revealed the colocalization of globo H and other cancer-associated carbohydrates, and the clustering of globo H could be disrupted by the treatment of corresponding glycosidases, which indicated that these carbohydrates might intertwine in spatial organization and function cooperatively in cancers. Our work clarified the clustered distribution of globo H at the nanometer scale and revealed the potential interactions between cancer-associated carbohydrates, which paves the way for further understanding the relationship between the spatial structures and functions of carbohydrates in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China.
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53
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Thiel Z, Rivera‐Fuentes P. Einzelmolekülfluoreszenzmikroskopie aktiver mitochondrialer Nitroreduktasen unter Verwendung einer vernetzbaren fluoreszierenden Sonde. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zacharias Thiel
- Laboratorium für Organische ChemieETH Zürich, HCI G329 Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Pablo Rivera‐Fuentes
- Laboratorium für Organische ChemieETH Zürich, HCI G329 Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Schweiz
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54
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Mishin AS, Lukyanov KA. Live-Cell Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:S19-S31. [PMID: 31213193 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919140025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (nanoscopy) enables imaging with a spatial resolution much higher than the diffraction limit of optical microscopy. However, the methods of fluorescence nanoscopy are still poorly suitable for studying living cells. In this review, we describe some of methods for nanoscopy and specific fluorescent labeling aimed to decrease the damaging effects of light illumination on live samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Mishin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
| | - K A Lukyanov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
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55
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Jradi FM, Lavis LD. Chemistry of Photosensitive Fluorophores for Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:1077-1090. [PMID: 30997987 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Development of single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) has sparked a revolution in biological imaging, allowing "super-resolution" fluorescence microscopy below the diffraction limit of light. The past decade has seen an explosion in not only optical hardware for SMLM but also the development or repurposing of fluorescent proteins and small-molecule fluorescent probes for this technique. In this review, written by chemists for chemists, we detail the history of single-molecule localization microscopy and collate the collection of probes with demonstrated utility in SMLM. We hope it will serve as a primer for probe choice in localization microscopy as well as an inspiration for the development of new fluorophores that enable imaging of biological samples with exquisite detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi M. Jradi
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 19700 Helix Drive, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, United States
| | - Luke D. Lavis
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 19700 Helix Drive, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, United States
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56
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Qi Q, Chi W, Li Y, Qiao Q, Chen J, Miao L, Zhang Y, Li J, Ji W, Xu T, Liu X, Yoon J, Xu Z. A H-bond strategy to develop acid-resistant photoswitchable rhodamine spirolactams for super-resolution single-molecule localization microscopy. Chem Sci 2019; 10:4914-4922. [PMID: 31160962 PMCID: PMC6510312 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01284b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhodamine spirolactam based photoswitches have been extensively applied in super-resolution single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM). However, the ring-opening reactions of spirolactams are cross-sensitive to acid, limiting their photoswitch use to neutral pH conditions. In addition, the ring-closing reactions of spirolactams are environment-sensitive and slow (up to hours), virtually making rhodamine spirolactams caged fluorescent dyes instead of reversible photoswitches in SMLM. Herein, by introducing hydrogen bonds to stabilize spirolactams, we report a series of acid-resistant rhodamine spirolactams with accelerated ring-closing reactions from fluorescent xanthyliums to non-fluorescent spirolactams, endowing them with good photoswitchable properties even in acidic environments. By further substitution of 6-phenylethynyl naphthalimide on the spirolactam, we shifted the photoactivation wavelength into the visible region (>400 nm). Subsequently, we have successfully applied these dyes in labeling and imaging the cell surface of Bacillus subtilis at pH 4.5 using SMLM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingkai Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , China .
| | - Weijie Chi
- Singapore University of Technology and Design , 8 Somapah Road , Singapore 487372 , Singapore .
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules , Institute of Biophysics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China .
| | - Qinglong Qiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , China .
| | - Jie Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , China .
| | - Lu Miao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , China .
| | - Yi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , China .
| | - Jin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , China .
| | - Wei Ji
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules , Institute of Biophysics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China .
| | - Tao Xu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules , Institute of Biophysics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China .
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Singapore University of Technology and Design , 8 Somapah Road , Singapore 487372 , Singapore .
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 120-750 , Korea .
| | - Zhaochao Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , China .
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57
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Ding L, Tian Z, Hou J, Dou T, Jin Q, Wang D, Zou L, Zhu Y, Song Y, Cui J, Ge G. Sensing carboxylesterase 1 in living systems by a practical and isoform-specific fluorescent probe. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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58
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Jiang A, Chen G, Xu J, Liu Y, Zhao G, Liu Z, Chen T, Li Y, James TD. Ratiometric two-photon fluorescent probe for in situ imaging of carboxylesterase (CE)-mediated mitochondrial acidification during medication. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11358-11361. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05759e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A probe for imaging of mitochondrial carboxylesterase and pH has been developed for the visualization of carboxylesterase-mediated acidification in hepatoma cells and hepatic tissues during the administration of antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- The school attached to Qufu Normal University
| | - Guang Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- The school attached to Qufu Normal University
| | - Jie Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- The school attached to Qufu Normal University
| | - Yuxia Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- The school attached to Qufu Normal University
| | - Guanghui Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- The school attached to Qufu Normal University
| | - Zhenjun Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- The school attached to Qufu Normal University
| | - Tao Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- The school attached to Qufu Normal University
| | - Yulin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- The school attached to Qufu Normal University
| | - Tony D. James
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- The school attached to Qufu Normal University
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59
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Abstract
Fluorogenic probes efficiently reduce non-specific background signals, which often results in highly improved signal-to-noise ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Kozma
- Chemical Biology Research Group
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences
- 1117 Budapest
| | - Péter Kele
- Chemical Biology Research Group
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences
- 1117 Budapest
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60
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter E. Oomen
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
| | - Mohaddeseh A. Aref
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
| | - Ibrahim Kaya
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Hospital, House V3, 43180 Mölndal, Sweden
- The Gothenburg Imaging Mass Spectrometry (Go:IMS) Laboratory, University of Gothenburg and Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
| | - Nhu T. N. Phan
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
- The Gothenburg Imaging Mass Spectrometry (Go:IMS) Laboratory, University of Gothenburg and Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
- University of Göttingen Medical Center, Institute of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, Göttingen 37073, Germany
| | - Andrew G. Ewing
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
- The Gothenburg Imaging Mass Spectrometry (Go:IMS) Laboratory, University of Gothenburg and Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
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61
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Abstract
The past decade has witnessed an explosion in the use of super-resolution fluorescence microscopy methods in biology and other fields. Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) is one of the most widespread of these methods and owes its success in large part to the ability to control the on-off state of fluorophores through various chemical, photochemical, or binding-unbinding mechanisms. We provide here a comprehensive overview of switchable fluorophores in SMLM including a detailed review of all major classes of SMLM fluorophores, and we also address strategies for labeling specimens, considerations for multichannel and live-cell imaging, potential pitfalls, and areas for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA, 98195
| | - Joshua C. Vaughan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA, 98195
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA, 98195
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62
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Wang J, Xu W, Yang Z, Yan Y, Xie X, Qu N, Wang Y, Wang C, Hua J. New Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for Intracellular Esterase Detection and Discrimination of Live and Dead Cells in Different Fluorescence Channels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:31088-31095. [PMID: 30129745 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b11365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A new diketopyrrolopyrrole-based fluorescent probe (DPP-AM) was designed and synthesized for ratiometric detection of esterase and for imaging of live and dead cells in different modes. DPP-AM showed red fluorescence because of the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) process from the DPP moiety to the pyridinium cation and gave remarkable ratio changes (about 70 folds), with the fluorescence changing from red to yellow, after treating with esterase because of the broken ICT process. Besides, the detection limit of DPP-AM toward esterase in vitro was 9.51 × 10-5 U/mL. After pretreating with H2O2 and ultraviolet light radiation, the health status of TPC1 cells was successfully imaged. More importantly, DPP-AM showed yellow fluorescence in live cells and a red fluorescent signal in dead cells, indicating that DPP-AM has great potential applications for assessing esterase activity as well as for discriminating live and dead cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Meilong Road , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Weibo Xu
- Department of Oncology , Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , China
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery , Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Zhicheng Yang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Meilong Road , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Yongchao Yan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Meilong Road , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Xiaoxu Xie
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Meilong Road , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Ning Qu
- Department of Oncology , Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , China
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery , Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Oncology , Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , China
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery , Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Chengyun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Meilong Road , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Jianli Hua
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Meilong Road , Shanghai 200237 , China
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63
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Zhang KY, Zhang T, Wei H, Wu Q, Liu S, Zhao Q, Huang W. Phosphorescent iridium(iii) complexes capable of imaging and distinguishing between exogenous and endogenous analytes in living cells. Chem Sci 2018; 9:7236-7240. [PMID: 30288243 PMCID: PMC6148462 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02984a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many luminescent probes have been developed for intracellular imaging and sensing. During cellular luminescence sensing, it is difficult to distinguish species generated inside cells from those internalized from extracellular environments since they are chemically the same and lead to the same luminescence response of the probes. Considering that endogenous species usually give more information about the physiological and pathological parameters of the cells while internalized species often reflect the extracellular environmental conditions, we herein reported a series of cyclometalated iridium(iii) complexes as phosphorescent probes that are partially retained in the cell membrane during their cellular uptake. The utilization of the probes for sensing and distinguishing between exogenous and endogenous analytes has been demonstrated using hypoxia and hypochlorite as two examples of target analytes. The endogenous analytes lead to the luminescence response of the intracellular probes while the exogenous analytes are reported by the probes retained in the cell membrane during their internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Yin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors , Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , 9 Wenyuan Road , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Taiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors , Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , 9 Wenyuan Road , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Huanjie Wei
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors , Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , 9 Wenyuan Road , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Qi Wu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors , Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , 9 Wenyuan Road , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Shujuan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors , Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , 9 Wenyuan Road , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors , Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , 9 Wenyuan Road , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors , Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) , Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications , 9 Wenyuan Road , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China . ; .,Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (XIFE) , Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) , 127 West Youyi Road , Xi'an 710072 , P. R. China
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64
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Chyan W, Raines RT. Enzyme-Activated Fluorogenic Probes for Live-Cell and in Vivo Imaging. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:1810-1823. [PMID: 29924581 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fluorogenic probes, small-molecule sensors that unmask brilliant fluorescence upon exposure to specific stimuli, are powerful tools for chemical biology. Those probes that respond to enzymatic catalysis illuminate the complex dynamics of biological processes at a level of spatiotemporal detail and sensitivity unmatched by other techniques. Here, we review recent advances in enzyme-activated fluorogenic probes for biological imaging. We organize our survey by enzyme classification, with emphasis on fluorophore masking strategies, modes of enzymatic activation, and the breadth of current and future applications. Key challenges such as probe selectivity and spectroscopic requirements are described alongside therapeutic, diagnostic, and theranostic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chyan
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ronald T. Raines
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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65
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Jing Y, Cai M, Xu H, Zhou L, Yan Q, Gao J, Wang H. Aptamer-recognized carbohydrates on the cell membrane revealed by super-resolution microscopy. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:7457-7464. [PMID: 29637941 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr00089a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are one of the most important components on the cell membrane, which participate in various physiological activities, and their aberrant expression is a consequence of pathological changes. In previous studies, carbohydrate analysis basically relied on lectins. However, discrimination between lectins still exists due to their multivalent character. Furthermore, the structures obtained by carbohydrate-lectin crosslinking confuse our direct observation to some extent. Fortunately, the emergence of aptamers, which are smaller and more flexible, has provided us an unprecedented choice. Herein, an aptamer recognition method with high precise localization was developed for imaging membrane-bound N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc). By using direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM), we compared this aptamer recognition method with the lectin recognition method for visualizing the detailed structure of GalNAc at the nanometer scale. The results indicated that GalNAc forms irregular clusters on the cell membrane with a resolution of 23 ± 7 nm by aptamer recognition. Additionally, when treated with N-acetylgalactosidase, the aptamer-recognized GalNAc shows a more significant decrease in cluster size and localization density, thus verifying better specificity of aptamers than lectins. Collectively, our study suggests that aptamers can act as perfect substitutes for lectins in carbohydrate labeling, which will be of great potential value in the field of super-resolution fluorescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Research Center of Biomembranomics, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P.R. China.
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66
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He H, Ye Z, Zheng Y, Xu X, Guo C, Xiao Y, Yang W, Qian X, Yang Y. Super-resolution imaging of lysosomes with a nitroso-caged rhodamine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:2842-2845. [PMID: 29393323 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc08886h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Caged-fluorophores are potentially suitable for photo-activated localization microscopy (PALM) for super-resolution imaging. N-Nitroso is a simple and robust photo-cage with biocompatible nitric oxide as the only byproduct upon photolysis. We herein reported a novel PALM probe (NOR535) for super-resolution imaging of lysosomes with high localization precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihong He
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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67
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Peng L, Xiao L, Ding Y, Xiang Y, Tong A. A simple design of fluorescent probes for indirect detection of β-lactamase based on AIE and ESIPT processes. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:3922-3926. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00414e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A fluorescent probe with both AIE and ESIPT characteristics has been developed for β-lactamase based on an indirect approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Peng
- Department of Chemistry
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Analytical Methods and Instrumentation
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
| | - Lu Xiao
- Department of Chemistry
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Analytical Methods and Instrumentation
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
| | - Yiwen Ding
- Department of Chemistry
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Analytical Methods and Instrumentation
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
| | - Yu Xiang
- Department of Chemistry
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Analytical Methods and Instrumentation
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
| | - Aijun Tong
- Department of Chemistry
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Analytical Methods and Instrumentation
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
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68
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Xia Z, Guo X, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Wang J. A julolidine-fused anthracene derivative: synthesis, photophysical properties, and oxidative dimerization. RSC Adv 2018; 8:13588-13591. [PMID: 35542525 PMCID: PMC9079783 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra02205d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the synthesis and characterization of a julolidine-fused anthracene derivative J-A, which exhibits a maximum absorption of 450 nm and a maximum emission of 518 nm. The fluorescent quantum yield was determined to be 0.55 in toluene. J-A dimerizes in solution via oxidative coupling. Structure of the dimer was characterized using single crystal X-ray diffraction. A julolidine fused anthracene derivative with unique photophysical and redox properties was presented.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeming Xia
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Guo
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yanpeng Zhu
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yonggen Wang
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaobing Wang
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- People's Republic of China
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