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Gonda I, Bar E, Portnoy V, Lev S, Burger J, Schaffer AA, Tadmor Y, Gepstein S, Giovannoni JJ, Katzir N, Lewinsohn E. Branched-chain and aromatic amino acid catabolism into aroma volatiles in Cucumis melo L. fruit. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2010; 61:1111-23. [PMID: 20065117 PMCID: PMC2826658 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erp390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2009] [Revised: 10/29/2009] [Accepted: 12/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The unique aroma of melons (Cucumis melo L., Cucurbitaceae) is composed of many volatile compounds biosynthetically derived from fatty acids, carotenoids, amino acids, and terpenes. Although amino acids are known precursors of aroma compounds in the plant kingdom, the initial steps in the catabolism of amino acids into aroma volatiles have received little attention. Incubation of melon fruit cubes with amino acids and alpha-keto acids led to the enhanced formation of aroma compounds bearing the side chain of the exogenous amino or keto acid supplied. Moreover, L-[(13)C(6)]phenylalanine was also incorporated into aromatic volatile compounds. Amino acid transaminase activities extracted from the flesh of mature melon fruits converted L-isoleucine, L-leucine, L-valine, L-methionine, or L-phenylalanine into their respective alpha-keto acids, utilizing alpha-ketoglutarate as the amine acceptor. Two novel genes were isolated and characterized (CmArAT1 and CmBCAT1) encoding 45.6 kDa and 42.7 kDa proteins, respectively, that displayed aromatic and branched-chain amino acid transaminase activities, respectively, when expressed in Escherichia coli. The expression of CmBCAT1 and CmArAT1 was low in vegetative tissues, but increased in flesh and rind tissues during fruit ripening. In addition, ripe fruits of climacteric aromatic cultivars generally showed high expression of CmBCAT1 and CmArAT1 in contrast to non-climacteric non-aromatic fruits. The results presented here indicate that in melon fruit tissues, the catabolism of amino acids into aroma volatiles can initiate through a transamination mechanism, rather than decarboxylation or direct aldehyde synthesis, as has been demonstrated in other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itay Gonda
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, PO Box 1021, Ramat Yishay 30095, Israel
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Einat Bar
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, PO Box 1021, Ramat Yishay 30095, Israel
| | - Vitaly Portnoy
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, PO Box 1021, Ramat Yishay 30095, Israel
| | - Shery Lev
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, PO Box 1021, Ramat Yishay 30095, Israel
| | - Joseph Burger
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, PO Box 1021, Ramat Yishay 30095, Israel
| | - Arthur A. Schaffer
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, PO Box 1021, Ramat Yishay 30095, Israel
| | - Ya'akov Tadmor
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, PO Box 1021, Ramat Yishay 30095, Israel
| | - Shimon Gepstein
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - James J. Giovannoni
- United States Department of Agriculture and Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Cornell University, Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Nurit Katzir
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, PO Box 1021, Ramat Yishay 30095, Israel
| | - Efraim Lewinsohn
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, PO Box 1021, Ramat Yishay 30095, Israel
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Aguiló-Aguayo I, Sobrino-López Á, Soliva-Fortuny R, Martín-Belloso O. Influence of high-intensity pulsed electric field processing on lipoxygenase and β-glucosidase activities in strawberry juice. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2007.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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ZHANG X, JIANG YM, PENG FT, HE NB, LI YJ, ZHAO DC. Changes of Aroma Components in Hongdeng Sweet Cherry During Fruit Development. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1671-2927(07)60186-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chin S, Nazimah S, Quek S, Man YC, Rahman RA, Hashim DM. Analysis of volatile compounds from Malaysian durians (Durio zibethinus) using headspace SPME coupled to fast GC-MS. J Food Compost Anal 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2006.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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