51
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Altendorf H, Decencière E, Jeulin D, De sa Peixoto P, Deniset-Besseau A, Angelini E, Mosser G, Schanne-Klein MC. Imaging and 3D morphological analysis of collagen fibrils. J Microsc 2012; 247:161-75. [PMID: 22670759 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2012.03629.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The recent booming of multiphoton imaging of collagen fibrils by means of second harmonic generation microscopy generates the need for the development and automation of quantitative methods for image analysis. Standard approaches sequentially analyse two-dimensional (2D) slices to gain knowledge on the spatial arrangement and dimension of the fibrils, whereas the reconstructed three-dimensional (3D) image yields better information about these characteristics. In this work, a 3D analysis method is proposed for second harmonic generation images of collagen fibrils, based on a recently developed 3D fibre quantification method. This analysis uses operators from mathematical morphology. The fibril structure is scanned with a directional distance transform. Inertia moments of the directional distances yield the main fibre orientation, corresponding to the main inertia axis. The collaboration of directional distances and fibre orientation delivers a geometrical estimate of the fibre radius. The results include local maps as well as global distribution of orientation and radius of the fibrils over the 3D image. They also bring a segmentation of the image into foreground and background, as well as a classification of the foreground pixels into the preferred orientations. This accurate determination of the spatial arrangement of the fibrils within a 3D data set will be most relevant in biomedical applications. It brings the possibility to monitor remodelling of collagen tissues upon a variety of injuries and to guide tissues engineering because biomimetic 3D organizations and density are requested for better integration of implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Altendorf
- Department of Image Processing, Fraunhofer Institute of Industrial Mathematics, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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52
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Vanzi F, Sacconi L, Cicchi R, Pavone FS. Protein conformation and molecular order probed by second-harmonic-generation microscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2012; 17:060901. [PMID: 22734730 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.17.6.060901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Second-harmonic-generation (SHG) microscopy has emerged as a powerful tool to image unstained living tissues and probe their molecular and supramolecular organization. In this article, we review the physical basis of SHG, highlighting how coherent summation of second-harmonic response leads to the sensitivity of polarized SHG to the three-dimensional distribution of emitters within the focal volume. Based on the physical description of the process, we examine experimental applications for probing the molecular organization within a tissue and its alterations in response to different biomedically relevant conditions. We also describe the approach for obtaining information on molecular conformation based on SHG polarization anisotropy measurements and its application to the study of myosin conformation in different physiological states of muscle. The capability of coupling the advantages of nonlinear microscopy (micrometer-scale resolution in deep tissue) with tools for probing molecular structure in vivo renders SHG microscopy an extremely powerful tool for the advancement of biomedical optics, with particular regard to novel technologies for molecular diagnostic in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Vanzi
- University of Florence, Department of Evolutionary Biology Leo Pardi, Florence, Italy
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53
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Bancelin S, Aimé C, Coradin T, Schanne-Klein MC. In situ three-dimensional monitoring of collagen fibrillogenesis using SHG microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 3:1446-54. [PMID: 22741089 PMCID: PMC3370983 DOI: 10.1364/boe.3.001446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We implemented in situ time-lapse Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) microscopy to monitor the three-dimensional (3D) self-assembly of collagen in solution. As a proof of concept, we tuned the kinetics of fibril formation by varying the pH and measured the subsequent exponential increase of fibril volume density in SHG images. We obtained significantly different time constants at pH = 6.5 ± 0.3 and at pH = 7.5 ± 0.3. Moreover, we showed that we could focus on the growth of a single isolated collagen fibril because SHG microscopy is sensitive to well-organized fibrils with diameter below the optical resolution. This work illustrates the potential of SHG microscopy for the rational design and characterization of collagen-based biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Bancelin
- Ecole Polytechnique; CNRS; INSERM U696, Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - C. Aimé
- UPMC Univ Paris 06; CNRS, Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - T. Coradin
- UPMC Univ Paris 06; CNRS, Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - M.-C. Schanne-Klein
- Ecole Polytechnique; CNRS; INSERM U696, Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
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54
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Champagne B, Plaquet A, Pozzo JL, Rodriguez V, Castet F. Nonlinear Optical Molecular Switches as Selective Cation Sensors. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:8101-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ja302395f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Champagne
- Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique,
UCPTS, Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix (FUNDP),
rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Aurélie Plaquet
- Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique,
UCPTS, Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix (FUNDP),
rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Jean-Luc Pozzo
- Université de Bordeaux,
Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM), UMR 5255 CNRS, Cours
de la Libération, 351, F-33405 Talence CEDEX, France
| | - Vincent Rodriguez
- Université de Bordeaux,
Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM), UMR 5255 CNRS, Cours
de la Libération, 351, F-33405 Talence CEDEX, France
| | - Frédéric Castet
- Université de Bordeaux,
Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM), UMR 5255 CNRS, Cours
de la Libération, 351, F-33405 Talence CEDEX, France
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55
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Chen X, Nadiarynkh O, Plotnikov S, Campagnola PJ. Second harmonic generation microscopy for quantitative analysis of collagen fibrillar structure. Nat Protoc 2012; 7:654-69. [PMID: 22402635 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2012.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 566] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy has emerged as a powerful modality for imaging fibrillar collagen in a diverse range of tissues. Because of its underlying physical origin, it is highly sensitive to the collagen fibril/fiber structure, and, importantly, to changes that occur in diseases such as cancer, fibrosis and connective tissue disorders. We discuss how SHG can be used to obtain more structural information on the assembly of collagen in tissues than is possible by other microscopy techniques. We first provide an overview of the state of the art and the physical background of SHG microscopy, and then describe the optical modifications that need to be made to a laser-scanning microscope to enable the measurements. Crucial aspects for biomedical applications are the capabilities and limitations of the different experimental configurations. We estimate that the setup and calibration of the SHG instrument from its component parts will require 2-4 weeks, depending on the level of the user's experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyi Chen
- Department of Biomedica l Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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56
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Latour G, Gusachenko I, Kowalczuk L, Lamarre I, Schanne-Klein M. In vivo structural imaging of the cornea by polarization-resolved second harmonic microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 3:1-15. [PMID: 22254163 PMCID: PMC3255328 DOI: 10.1364/boe.3.000001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The transparency and mechanical strength of the cornea are related to the highly organized three-dimensional distribution of collagen fibrils. It is of great interest to develop specific and contrasted in vivo imaging tools to probe these collagenous structures, which is not available yet. Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) microscopy is a unique tool to reveal fibrillar collagen within unstained tissues, but backward SHG images of cornea fail to reveal any spatial features due to the nanometric diameter of stromal collagen fibrils. To overcome this limitation, we performed polarization-resolved SHG imaging, which is highly sensitive to the sub-micrometer distribution of anisotropic structures. Using advanced data processing, we successfully retrieved the orientation of the collagenous fibrils at each depth of human corneas, even in backward SHG homogenous images. Quantitative information was also obtained about the submicrometer heterogeneities of the fibrillar collagen distribution by measuring the SHG anisotropy. All these results were consistent with numerical simulation of the polarization-resolved SHG response of cornea. Finally, we performed in vivo SHG imaging of rat corneas and achieved structural imaging of corneal stroma without any labeling. Epi-detected polarization-resolved SHG imaging should extend to other organs and become a new diagnosis tool for collagen remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaël Latour
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, École Polytechnique—CNRS—INSERM, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Ivan Gusachenko
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, École Polytechnique—CNRS—INSERM, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Laura Kowalczuk
- Laboratory for Applied Optics, ENSTA ParisTech—École Polytechnique—CNRS, 91761 Palaiseau, France
| | - Isabelle Lamarre
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, École Polytechnique—CNRS—INSERM, 91128 Palaiseau, France
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57
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Tuer AE, Krouglov S, Prent N, Cisek R, Sandkuijl D, Yasufuku K, Wilson BC, Barzda V. Nonlinear optical properties of type I collagen fibers studied by polarization dependent second harmonic generation microscopy. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:12759-69. [PMID: 21970315 DOI: 10.1021/jp206308k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Collagen (type I) fibers are readily visualized with second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy though the molecular origin of the signal has not yet been elucidated. In this study, the molecular origin of SHG from type I collagen is investigated using the time-dependent coupled perturbed Hartree-Fock calculations of the hyperpolarizibilities of glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline. Two effective nonlinear dipoles are found to orient in-the-plane of the amino acids, with one of the dipoles aligning close to the pitch orientation in the triple-helix, which provides the dominant contribution to the SHG polarization properties. The calculated hyperpolarizability tensor element ratios for the collagen triple-helix models: [(Gly3)n]3, [(Gly-Pro2)n]3, and [(Gly-Pro-Hyp)n]3, are used to predict the second-order nonlinear susceptibility ratios, χ(zzz)(2)/χ(iiz)(2) and χ(zii)(2)/χ(iiz)(2) of collagen fibers. From SHG microscopy polarization in, polarization out (PIPO) measurements of type I collagen in human lung tissue, a theoretical method is used to extract the triple-helix orientation angle with respect to the collagen fiber. The study shows the dominant role of amino acid orientation in the triple-helix for determining the polarization properties of SHG and provides a method for determining the triple-helix orientation angle in the collagen fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam E Tuer
- Department of Physics, Institute for Optical Sciences, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
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58
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Ignat’eva NY, Zakharkina OL, Kamensky VA, Sergeeva EA, Lunin VV. Thermal and non-thermal effects of nonablative IR laser irradiation of the collagen of annulus fibrosus tissues. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024411090093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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59
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Determination of collagen nanostructure from second-order susceptibility tensor analysis. Biophys J 2011; 100:2053-62. [PMID: 21504742 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2010] [Revised: 01/22/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A model is proposed to describe the polarization dependence of second harmonic generation (SHG) from type I collagen fibrils. The model is based on sum-frequency vibrational spectrum experiments that attribute the molecular origins of collagen second-order susceptibility to the peptide groups in the backbone of the collagen α-helix and the methylene groups in the pyrrolidine rings. Applying our model to a polarization SHG (P-SHG) experiment leads to a predicted collagen I peptide pitch-angle of 45.82° ± 0.46° and methylene pitch-angle of 94.80° ± 0.97°. Compared to a previous model that accounts for only the peptide contribution, our results are more consistent with the x-ray diffraction determination of collagen-like peptide. Application of our model to type II collagen from rat trachea cartilage leads to similar results. The peptide pitch-angle of 45.72° ± 1.17° is similar to that of type I collagen, but a different methylene pitch-angle of 97.87° ± 1.79° was found. Our work demonstrates that far-field P-SHG measurements can be used to extract molecular structural information of collagen fibers.
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60
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Iwamoto M, Liu F, Zhong-can OY. Polarization-dependence of optical second harmonic generation for chiral cylindrical structure and explanation for nonlinear optical imaging of cholesteric liquid crystals. Chem Phys Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2011.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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61
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Goulam Houssen Y, Gusachenko I, Schanne-Klein MC, Allain JM. Monitoring micrometer-scale collagen organization in rat-tail tendon upon mechanical strain using second harmonic microscopy. J Biomech 2011; 44:2047-52. [PMID: 21636086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We continuously monitored the microstructure of a rat-tail tendon during stretch/relaxation cycles. To that purpose, we implemented a new biomechanical device that combined SHG imaging and mechanical testing modalities. This multi-scale experimental device enabled simultaneous visualization of the collagen crimp morphology at the micrometer scale and measurement of macroscopic strain-stress response. We gradually increased the ultimate strain of the cycles and showed that preconditioning mostly occurs in the first stretching. This is accompanied by an increase of the crimp period in the SHG image. Our results indicate that preconditioning is due to a sliding of microstructures at the scale of a few fibrils and smaller, that changes the resting length of the fascicle. This sliding can reverse on long time scales. These results provide a proof of concept that continuous SHG imaging performed simultaneously with mechanical assay allows analysis of the relationship between macroscopic response and microscopic structure of tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Goulam Houssen
- Ecole Polytechnique, Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, 91128 Palaiseau, France
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62
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Abstract
Second Harmonic Generation microscopy has emerged as a powerful new optical imaging modality. This Feature describes its chemical and physical principles and highlights current applications in disease diagnostics.
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63
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Duboisset J, Matar G, Russier-Antoine I, Benichou E, Bachelier G, Jonin C, Ficheux D, Besson F, Brevet PF. First hyperpolarizability of the natural aromatic amino acids tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine and the tripeptide lysine-tryptophan-lysine determined by hyper-Rayleigh scattering. J Phys Chem B 2011; 114:13861-5. [PMID: 20939548 DOI: 10.1021/jp105554s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report the first hyperpolarizability of tryptophan (Trp) and tyrosine (Tyr) and an upper limit for that of phenylalanine (Phe), three natural aromatic amino acids. The measurements were performed with hyper-Rayleigh scattering in an aqueous Tris buffer solution at a pH of 8.5 and 150 mM salt concentration with a fundamental wavelength of 780 nm. A value of (4.7 ± 0.7) × 10(-30) esu is found for Trp and (4.1 ± 0.7) × 10(-30) esu for Tyr whereas the upper limit of 1.4 × 10(-30) esu is found for that of Phe due to its limited solubility. The influence of the presence of lysine (Lys) in close vicinity of Trp is investigated with a measurement of the first hyperpolarizabilty of Trp in an excess of Lys and compared to the first hyperpolarizability obtained for the tripeptide Lys-Trp-Lys. The clear decrease of the values measured in these two cases indicates that the first hyperpolarizabilty of Trp is very sensitive to its local environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Duboisset
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie Ionique et Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 5579, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
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64
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Tuer A, Krouglov S, Cisek R, Tokarz D, Barzda V. Three-dimensional visualization of the first hyperpolarizability tensor. J Comput Chem 2010; 32:1128-34. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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65
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Hache F. Quantum calculation of the second-order hyperpolarizability of chiral molecules in the "one-electron" model. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:10277-86. [PMID: 20722438 DOI: 10.1021/jp105123m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Quantum calculation of the hyperpolarizabilty tensor is carried out for chiral molecules displaying a "one-electron" chirality. Calculation is made possible by introducing a chiral perturbation term in the potential energy surface. We show that a one-electron chiral molecule is intrinsically nonlinear and diplays a nonzero electric chiral hyperpolarizability. Existence of magnetic contributions is discussed, and it is shown that higher-order perturbation terms are necessary to introduce such magnetic effects in the second-order hyperpolarizability.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hache
- Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique/CNRS/INSERM, 91128 Palaiseau cedex, France.
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66
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Gusachenko I, Latour G, Schanne-Klein MC. Polarization-resolved Second Harmonic microscopy in anisotropic thick tissues. OPTICS EXPRESS 2010; 18:19339-52. [PMID: 20940829 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.019339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We thoroughly analyze the linear propagation effects that affect polarization-resolved Second Harmonic Generation imaging of thick anisotropic tissues such as collagenous tissues. We develop a theoretical model that fully accounts for birefringence and diattenuation along the excitation propagation, and polarization scrambling upon scattering of the harmonic signal. We obtain an excellent agreement with polarizationresolved SHG images at increasing depth within a rat-tail tendon for both polarizations of the forward SHG signal. Most notably, we observe interference fringes due to birefringence in the SHG depth profile when excited at π/4 angle from the tendon axis. We also measure artifactual decrease of ρ = Χxxx/Χxyy with depth due to diattenuation of the excitation. We therefore derive a method that proves reliable to determine both ρ and the tendon birefringence and diattenuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Gusachenko
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM U696, 91128 Palaiseau, France
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67
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Butet J, Duboisset J, Bachelier G, Russier-Antoine I, Benichou E, Jonin C, Brevet PF. Optical second harmonic generation of single metallic nanoparticles embedded in a homogeneous medium. NANO LETTERS 2010; 10:1717-1721. [PMID: 20420409 DOI: 10.1021/nl1000949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We report the optical second harmonic generation from individual 150 nm diameter gold nanoparticles dispersed in gelatin. The quadratic hyperpolarizability of the particles is determined and the input polarization dependence of the second harmonic intensity obtained. These results are found in excellent agreement with ensemble measurements and finite element simulations. These results open up new perspectives for the investigation of the nonlinear optical properties of noble metal nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Butet
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie Ionique et Moléculaire, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - CNRS, UMR 5579, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, Villleurbanne, France
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68
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Deniset-Besseau A, De Sa Peixoto P, Mosser G, Schanne-Klein MC. Nonlinear optical imaging of lyotropic cholesteric liquid crystals. OPTICS EXPRESS 2010; 18:1113-21. [PMID: 20173934 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.001113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We use nonlinear optical microscopy combining Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) microscopy and Two-Photon Excited Fluorescence (2PEF) signals to characterize collagen lyotropic liquid crystals. We show that SHG signals provide highly contrasted images of the three-dimensional texture of cholesteric patterns with submicrometer lateral resolution. Moreover, simultaneous recording of the 2PEF signal enables in situ quantitative mapping of the molecular concentration and its correlation with the observed textures. We apply this technique to the characterization of biomimetic textures obtained in concentrated collagen liquid solutions. We successfully image biologically relevant organizations that are similar to the collagen organization found as a stabilized state in compact bones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Deniset-Besseau
- Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM U696, Palaiseau, France
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