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Perro A, Nicolet C, Angly J, Lecommandoux S, Le Meins JF, Colin A. Mastering a double emulsion in a simple co-flow microfluidic to generate complex polymersomes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:9034-42. [PMID: 21082804 DOI: 10.1021/la1037102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We show that the production and the geometrical shape of complex polymersomes can be predicted by varying the flow rates of a simple microdevice using an empirical law which predicts the droplet size. This device is constituted of fused silica capillaries associated with adjusted tubing sleeves and T-junctions. Studying the effect of several experimental parameters, double emulsions containing a controlled number of droplets were fabricated. First, this study examines the stability of a jet in a simple confined microfluidic system, probing the conditions required for droplets production. Then, multicompartmental polymersomes were formed, controlling flow velocities. In this work, poly(dimethylsiloxane)-graft-poly(ethylene oxide) (PDMS-g-PEO) and poly(butadiene)-block-poly(ethyleneoxide) (PBut-b-PEO) amphiphilic copolymers were used and dissolved in chloroform/cyclohexane mixture. The ratio of these two solvents was adjusted in order to stabilize the double emulsion formation. The aqueous suspension contained poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), limiting the coalescence of the droplets. This work constitutes major progress in the control of double emulsion formation in microfluidic devices and shows that complex structures can be obtained using such a process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Perro
- Rhodia Laboratoire du Futur, Unité mixte Rhodia-CNRS, Université Bordeaux I, Bordeaux, France
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Shum HC, Santanach-Carreras E, Kim JW, Ehrlicher A, Bibette J, Weitz DA. Dewetting-induced membrane formation by adhesion of amphiphile-laden interfaces. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:4420-6. [PMID: 21381735 PMCID: PMC3414216 DOI: 10.1021/ja108673h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We introduce an approach for forming bilayer polymer membranes by adhesion of amphiphile-laden interfaces. This adhesion is induced by a reduction of solvent quality for the amphiphilic diblock copolymers through selective evaporation of good solvent in the solvent mixture. By combining this membrane formation mechanism with a double-emulsion-templated approach for vesicle formation, we fabricate monodisperse polymersomes that exhibit excellent membrane uniformity, and structural stability, using a method that has high encapsulation efficiency. Moreover, we also show that the technique is versatile and can be applied to different block copolymers. The ability to direct the assembly of amphiphiles into a membrane creates new opportunities to engineer the structures of vesicles on the level of the individual bilayer leaflets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Cheung Shum
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | | | - Jin-Woong Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University, 1271, Sal-dong, Sangnok-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 426-791, Korea
| | - Allen Ehrlicher
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Jerome Bibette
- ESPCI ParisTech, LCMD, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, UMR 7195, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231, Paris, France
| | - David A. Weitz
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Kavli Institute for Bionano Science and Technology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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Jimenez AM, Roché M, Pinot M, Panizza P, Courbin L, Gueroui Z. Towards high throughput production of artificial egg oocytes using microfluidics. LAB ON A CHIP 2011; 11:429-434. [PMID: 21072407 DOI: 10.1039/c0lc00046a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The production of micron-size droplets using microfluidic tools offers new opportunities to carry out biological assays in a controlled environment. We apply these strategies by using a flow-focusing microfluidic device to encapsulate Xenopus egg extracts, a biological system recapitulating key events of eukaryotic cell functions in vitro. We present a method to generate monodisperse egg extract-in-oil droplets and use high-speed imaging to characterize the droplet pinch-off dynamics leading to the production of trains of droplets. We use fluorescence microscopy to show that our method does not affect the biological activity of the encapsulated egg extract by observing the self-organization of microtubules and actin filaments, two main biopolymers of the cell cytoskeleton, encapsulated in the produced droplets. We anticipate that this assay might be useful for quantitative studies of biological systems in a confined environment as well as high throughput screenings for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Jimenez
- CNRS/Université de Rennes 1, IPR UMR UR1-CNRS 6251, 263 av. Général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes cedex, France
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Wang J, Ye L, Zhang AY, Feng ZG. Novel triblock copolymers comprising a polyrotaxane middle block flanked by PNIPAAm blocks showing both thermo- and solvent-response. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm02803g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Thiele J, Abate AR, Shum HC, Bachtler S, Förster S, Weitz DA. Fabrication of polymersomes using double-emulsion templates in glass-coated stamped microfluidic devices. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2010; 6:1723-7. [PMID: 20665757 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201000798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Thiele
- Department of Physics and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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Percec V, Wilson DA, Leowanawat P, Wilson CJ, Hughes AD, Kaucher MS, Hammer DA, Levine DH, Kim AJ, Bates FS, Davis KP, Lodge TP, Klein ML, DeVane RH, Aqad E, Rosen BM, Argintaru AO, Sienkowska MJ, Rissanen K, Nummelin S, Ropponen J. Self-Assembly of Janus Dendrimers into Uniform Dendrimersomes and Other Complex Architectures. Science 2010; 328:1009-14. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1185547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 588] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Marsden HR, Gabrielli L, Kros A. Rapid preparation of polymersomes by a water addition/solvent evaporation method. Polym Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0py00172d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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