51
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Moghadam S, Saha Dalal I, Larson RG. Unraveling Dynamics of Entangled Polymers in Strong Extensional Flows. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Indranil Saha Dalal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
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52
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Uneyama T. A transient bond model for dynamic constraints in meso-scale coarse-grained systems. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:024901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5062495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Uneyama
- Center for Computational Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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53
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Sato T, Harada K, Taniguchi T. Multiscale Simulations of Flows of a Well-Entangled Polymer Melt in a Contraction–Expansion Channel. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Sato
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kohei Harada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
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54
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Zhang G, Chazirakis A, Harmandaris VA, Stuehn T, Daoulas KC, Kremer K. Hierarchical modelling of polystyrene melts: from soft blobs to atomistic resolution. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:289-302. [PMID: 30543257 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01830h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that hierarchical backmapping strategies incorporating generic blob-based models can equilibrate melts of high-molecular-weight polymers, described with chemically specific, atomistic models. The central idea is first to represent polymers by chains of large soft blobs (spheres) and efficiently equilibrate the melt on large scales. Then, the degrees of freedom of more detailed models are reinserted step by step. The procedure terminates when the atomistic description is reached. Reinsertions are feasible computationally because the fine-grained melt must be re-equilibrated only locally. We consider polystyrene (PS) which is sufficiently complex to serve method development because of stereo-chemistry and bulky side groups. Our backmapping strategy bridges mesoscopic and atomistic scales by incorporating a blob-based, a moderately coarse-grained (CG), and a united-atom model of PS. We demonstrate that the generic blob-based model can be parameterised to reproduce the mesoscale properties of a specific polymer - here PS. The moderately CG model captures stereo-chemistry. To perform backmapping we improve and adjust several fine-graining techniques. We prove equilibration of backmapped PS melts by comparing their structural and conformational properties with reference data from smaller systems, equilibrated with less efficient methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojie Zhang
- Institute for Systems Rheology, Advanced Institute of Engineering Science for Intelligent Manufacturing, Guangzhou University, 510006 Guangzhou, China.
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55
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Masubuchi
- Department of Materials Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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56
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Sgouros AP, Lakkas AT, Megariotis G, Theodorou DN. Mesoscopic Simulations of Free Surfaces of Molten Polyethylene: Brownian Dynamics/Kinetic Monte Carlo Coupled with Square Gradient Theory and Compared to Atomistic Calculations and Experiment. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. P. Sgouros
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), GR-15780 Athens, Greece
| | - A. T. Lakkas
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), GR-15780 Athens, Greece
| | - G. Megariotis
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), GR-15780 Athens, Greece
| | - D. N. Theodorou
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), GR-15780 Athens, Greece
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57
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Kirk J, Kröger M, Ilg P. Surface Disentanglement and Slip in a Polymer Melt: A Molecular Dynamics Study. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jack Kirk
- School of Mathematical, Physical and Computational Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, U.K
| | - Martin Kröger
- Polymer Physics, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Ilg
- School of Mathematical, Physical and Computational Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, U.K
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58
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Liu L, den Otter WK, Briels WJ. Coarse-Grained Simulations of Three-Armed Star Polymer Melts and Comparison with Linear Chains. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:10210-10218. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b03104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Department of Information Science and Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | | | - Wim J. Briels
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, ICS 3, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
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59
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Megariotis G, Vogiatzis GG, Sgouros AP, Theodorou DN. Slip Spring-Based Mesoscopic Simulations of Polymer Networks: Methodology and the Corresponding Computational Code. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1156. [PMID: 30961081 PMCID: PMC6404024 DOI: 10.3390/polym10101156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In previous work by the authors, a new methodology was developed for Brownian dynamics/kinetic Monte Carlo (BD/kMC) simulations of polymer melts. In this study, this methodology is extended for dynamical simulations of crosslinked polymer networks in a coarse-grained representation, wherein chains are modeled as sequences of beads, each bead encompassing a few Kuhn segments. In addition, the C++ code embodying these simulations, entitled Engine for Mesoscopic Simulations for Polymer Networks (EMSIPON) is described in detail. A crosslinked network of cis-1,4-polyisoprene is chosen as a test system. From the thermodynamic point of view, the system is fully described by a Helmholtz energy consisting of three explicit contributions: entropic springs, slip springs and non-bonded interactions. Entanglements between subchains in the network are represented by slip springs. The ends of the slip springs undergo thermally activated hops between adjacent beads along the chain backbones, which are tracked by kinetic Monte Carlo simulation. In addition, creation/destruction processes are included for the slip springs at dangling subchain ends. The Helmholtz energy of non-bonded interactions is derived from the Sanchez⁻Lacombe equation of state. The isothermal compressibility of the polymer network is predicted from equilibrium density fluctuations in very good agreement with the underlying equation of state and with experiment. Moreover, the methodology and the corresponding C++ code are applied to simulate elongational deformations of polymer rubbers. The shear stress relaxation modulus is predicted from equilibrium simulations of several microseconds of physical time in the undeformed state, as well as from stress-strain curves of the crosslinked polymer networks under deformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigorios Megariotis
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, Zografou Campus, GR-15780 Athens, Greece.
| | - Georgios G Vogiatzis
- Polymer Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO BOX 513, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Aristotelis P Sgouros
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, Zografou Campus, GR-15780 Athens, Greece.
| | - Doros N Theodorou
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, Zografou Campus, GR-15780 Athens, Greece.
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60
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O'Connor TC, Alvarez NJ, Robbins MO. Relating Chain Conformations to Extensional Stress in Entangled Polymer Melts. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:047801. [PMID: 30095953 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.047801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nonlinear extensional flows are common in polymer processing, but they remain challenging theoretically because dramatic stretching of chains deforms the entanglement network far from equilibrium. Here, we present coarse-grained simulations of extensional flows in entangled polymer melts for Rouse-Weissenberg numbers Wi_{R}=0.06-52 and Hencky strains ε≥6. Simulations reproduce experimental trends in extensional viscosity with time, rate, and molecular weight. Studies of molecular structure reveal an elongation and thinning of the confining tube with increasing Wi_{R}. The rising stress is quantitatively consistent with the decreasing entropy of chains at the equilibrium entanglement length. Molecular weight dependent trends in viscosity are related to a crossover from the Newtonian limit to a high rate limit that scales differently with chain length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C O'Connor
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Nicolas J Alvarez
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Mark O Robbins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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61
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Masubuchi Y, Uneyama T. Comparison among multi-chain models for entangled polymer dynamics. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:5986-5994. [PMID: 29926890 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm00948a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although lots of coarse-grained models have been proposed to trace the long-term behaviors of entangled polymers, compatibility among the different models has not been frequently discussed. In this study, some dynamical and static quantities, such as diffusion, relaxation modulus, chain dimension, and entanglement density, were examined for the multi-chain slip-link model (primitive chain network model) and the multi-chain slip-spring model, and the results were compared with those reported for the standard bead-spring model. For the diffusion, three models are compatible with scale-conversion parameters for units of length, time and bead (segment) number (or the molecular weight). The relaxation modulus is also compatible given that the model dependence can be accommodated by the entanglement density and the additional scale-conversion for the unit of modulus. The chain dimension is reasonably coincident with small deviations due to the weak non-Gaussianity of the models. Apart from these plausible compatibilities, significant discrepancies have been found for the inter-chain cross-correlations in the relaxation modulus.
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62
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Ramírez-Hernández A, Peters BL, Schneider L, Andreev M, Schieber JD, Müller M, Kröger M, de Pablo JJ. A Detailed Examination of the Topological Constraints of Lamellae-Forming Block Copolymers. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Brandon L. Peters
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Ludwig Schneider
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August Universität, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marat Andreev
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jay D. Schieber
- Center for Molecular Study of Condensed Soft Matter, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Department of Physics, Department of Applied Mathematics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Marcus Müller
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August Universität, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Kröger
- Polymer Physics, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Juan J. de Pablo
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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63
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Koski JP, Ferrier RC, Krook NM, Chao H, Composto RJ, Frischknecht AL, Riggleman RA. Comparison of Field-Theoretic Approaches in Predicting Polymer Nanocomposite Phase Behavior. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason P. Koski
- Sandia National
Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
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64
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Lin CC, Cargnello M, Murray CB, Clarke N, Winey KI, Riggleman RA, Composto RJ. Nanorod Mobility Influences Polymer Diffusion in Polymer Nanocomposites. ACS Macro Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nigel Clarke
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
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65
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Zhu J, Likhtman AE, Wang Z. Arm retraction dynamics of entangled star polymers: A forward flux sampling method study. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:044907. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4995422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhu
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, United Kingdom
| | - Alexei E. Likhtman
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, United Kingdom
| | - Zuowei Wang
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, United Kingdom
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66
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Tassieri M. Dynamics of Semiflexible Polymer Solutions in the Tightly Entangled Concentration Regime. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manlio Tassieri
- Division of Biomedical Engineering,
School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, U.K
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67
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Shivokhin ME, Read DJ, Kouloumasis D, Kocen R, Zhuge F, Bailly C, Hadjichristidis N, Likhtman AE. Understanding Effect of Constraint Release Environment on End-to-End Vector Relaxation of Linear Polymer Chains. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maksim E. Shivokhin
- Bio-
and Soft Matter Division (BSMA), Institute of Condensed Matter and
Nanosciences (IMCN), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Place
Croix de Sud 1, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Center
for Molecular Study of Condensed Soft Matter and Department of Chemical
and Biological Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3440 South
Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Daniel J. Read
- School
of Mathematics, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Dimitris Kouloumasis
- Laboratory
of Industrial Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 157 71 Athens, Greece
| | - Rok Kocen
- Bio-
and Soft Matter Division (BSMA), Institute of Condensed Matter and
Nanosciences (IMCN), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Place
Croix de Sud 1, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Flanco Zhuge
- Bio-
and Soft Matter Division (BSMA), Institute of Condensed Matter and
Nanosciences (IMCN), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Place
Croix de Sud 1, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Christian Bailly
- Bio-
and Soft Matter Division (BSMA), Institute of Condensed Matter and
Nanosciences (IMCN), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Place
Croix de Sud 1, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Nikos Hadjichristidis
- Physical
Sciences and Engineering Division, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Polymer
Synthesis Laboratory, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Alexei E. Likhtman
- School of
Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, U.K
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68
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Sgouros AP, Megariotis G, Theodorou DN. Slip-Spring Model for the Linear and Nonlinear Viscoelastic Properties of Molten Polyethylene Derived from Atomistic Simulations. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. P. Sgouros
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA),GR-15780 Athens, Greece
| | - G. Megariotis
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA),GR-15780 Athens, Greece
| | - D. N. Theodorou
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA),GR-15780 Athens, Greece
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69
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Ramírez-Hernández A, Peters BL, Schneider L, Andreev M, Schieber JD, Müller M, de Pablo JJ. A multi-chain polymer slip-spring model with fluctuating number of entanglements: Density fluctuations, confinement, and phase separation. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:014903. [PMID: 28063448 DOI: 10.1063/1.4972582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Coarse grained simulation approaches provide powerful tools for the prediction of the equilibrium properties of polymeric systems. Recent efforts have sought to develop coarse-graining strategies capable of predicting the non-equilibrium behavior of entangled polymeric materials. Slip-link and slip-spring models, in particular, have been shown to be capable of reproducing several key aspects of the linear response and rheology of polymer melts. In this work, we extend a previously proposed multi-chain slip-spring model in a way that correctly incorporates the effects of the fluctuating environment in which polymer segments are immersed. The model is used to obtain the equation of state associated with the slip-springs, and the results are compared to those of related numerical approaches and an approximate analytical expression. The model is also used to examine a polymer melt confined into a thin film, where an inhomogeneous distribution of polymer segments is observed, and the corresponding inhomogeneities associated with density fluctuations are reflected on the spatial slip-spring distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abelardo Ramírez-Hernández
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Brandon L Peters
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Ludwig Schneider
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August-Universität, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marat Andreev
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Jay D Schieber
- Center for Molecular Study of Condensed Soft Matter, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
| | - Marcus Müller
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August-Universität, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Juan J de Pablo
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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70
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Dell ZE, Schweizer KS. Segment-scale, force-level theory of mesoscopic dynamic localization and entropic elasticity in entangled chain polymer liquids. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:134901. [PMID: 28390385 DOI: 10.1063/1.4978774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We develop a segment-scale, force-based theory for the breakdown of the unentangled Rouse model and subsequent emergence of isotropic mesoscopic localization and entropic elasticity in chain polymer liquids in the absence of ergodicity-restoring anisotropic reptation or activated hopping motion. The theory is formulated in terms of a conformational N-dynamic-order-parameter generalized Langevin equation approach. It is implemented using a universal field-theoretic Gaussian thread model of polymer structure and closed at the level of the chain dynamic second moment matrix. The physical idea is that the isotropic Rouse model fails due to the dynamical emergence, with increasing chain length, of time-persistent intermolecular contacts determined by the combined influence of local uncrossability, long range polymer connectivity, and a self-consistent treatment of chain motion and the dynamic forces that hinder it. For long chain melts, the mesoscopic localization length (identified as the tube diameter) and emergent entropic elasticity predictions are in near quantitative agreement with experiment. Moreover, the onset chain length scales with the semi-dilute crossover concentration with a realistic numerical prefactor. Distinctive novel predictions are made for various off-diagonal correlation functions that quantify the full spatial structure of the dynamically localized polymer conformation. As the local excluded volume constraint and/or intrachain bonding spring are softened to allow chain crossability, the tube diameter is predicted to swell until it reaches the radius-of-gyration at which point mesoscopic localization vanishes in a discontinuous manner. A dynamic phase diagram for such a delocalization transition is constructed, which is qualitatively consistent with simulations and the classical concept of a critical entanglement degree of polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary E Dell
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Kenneth S Schweizer
- Department of Materials Science, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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71
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Shen L, Xu D, Jian Y, Qiu W, Guo Q. Rheological Technique as a Sensitive Method to Characterize the Chain Diffusion across the Interface between Polystyrene and Carbon Black Filled Polystyrene. J MACROMOL SCI B 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2017.1293365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lie Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Du Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yukun Jian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenlian Qiu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qipeng Guo
- Polymers Research Group, Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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72
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Vogiatzis GG, Megariotis G, Theodorou DN. Equation of State Based Slip Spring Model for Entangled Polymer Dynamics. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios G. Vogiatzis
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, Zografou
Campus, GR-15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Grigorios Megariotis
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, Zografou
Campus, GR-15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Doros N. Theodorou
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, Zografou
Campus, GR-15780 Athens, Greece
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73
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Bačová P, Lo Verso F, Arbe A, Colmenero J, Pomposo JA, Moreno AJ. The Role of the Topological Constraints in the Chain Dynamics in All-Polymer Nanocomposites. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Bačová
- Centro de Física
de Materiales (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Materials Physics Center MPC, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Federica Lo Verso
- Donostia International
Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel
de Lardizabal 4, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Arantxa Arbe
- Centro de Física
de Materiales (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Materials Physics Center MPC, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Juan Colmenero
- Centro de Física
de Materiales (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Materials Physics Center MPC, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International
Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel
de Lardizabal 4, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Departamento
de Física de Materiales, UPV/EHU, Apartado 1072, E-20080 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - José A. Pomposo
- Centro de Física
de Materiales (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Materials Physics Center MPC, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Departamento
de Física de Materiales, UPV/EHU, Apartado 1072, E-20080 San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE - Basque
Foundation for Science, María
Díaz de Haro, E-48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Angel J. Moreno
- Centro de Física
de Materiales (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Materials Physics Center MPC, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International
Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel
de Lardizabal 4, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain
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74
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Hofmann M, Fatkullin N, Rössler EA. Inconsistencies in Determining the Entanglement Time of Poly(butadiene) from Rheology and Comparison to Results from Field-Cycling NMR. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Hofmann
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - N. Fatkullin
- Institute
of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Tatarstan, Russia
| | - E. A. Rössler
- Experimentalphysik
II, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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75
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Chao H, Koski J, Riggleman RA. Solvent vapor annealing in block copolymer nanocomposite films: a dynamic mean field approach. SOFT MATTER 2016; 13:239-249. [PMID: 27320693 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm00770h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Polymer nanocomposites are an important class of materials due to the nanoparticles' ability to impart functionality not commonly found in a polymer matrix, such as electrical conductivity or tunable optical properties. While the equilibrium properties of polymer nanocomposites can be treated using numerous theoretical and simulation approaches, in experiments the effects of processing and kinetic traps are significant and thus critical for understanding the structure and the functionality of polymer nanocomposites. However, simulation methods that can efficiently predict kinetically trapped and metastable structures of polymer nanocomposites are currently not common. This is particularly important in inhomogeneous polymers such as block copolymers, where techniques such as solvent vapor annealing are commonly employed to improve the long-range order. In this work, we introduce a dynamic mean field theory that is capable of predicting the result of processing the structure of polymer nanocomposites, and we demonstrate that our method accurately predicts the equilibrium properties of a model system more efficiently than a particle-based model. We subsequently use our method to predict the structure of block copolymer thin films with grafted nanoparticles after solvent annealing, where we find that the final distribution of the grafted nanoparticles can be controlled by varying the solvent evaporation rate. The extent to which the solvent evaporation rate can affect the final nanoparticle distribution in the film depends on the grafting density and the length of the grafted chains. Furthermore, the effects of the solvent evaporation rate can be anticipated from the equilibrium nanoparticle distribution in the swollen and dry states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huikuan Chao
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Jason Koski
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Robert A Riggleman
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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76
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Schweizer KS, Sussman DM. A force-level theory of the rheology of entangled rod and chain polymer liquids. I. Tube deformation, microscopic yielding, and the nonlinear elastic limit. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:214903. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4968516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth S. Schweizer
- Department of Materials Science and Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, 1304 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Daniel M. Sussman
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
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77
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Masubuchi Y, Langeloth M, Böhm MC, Inoue T, Müller-Plathe F. A Multichain Slip-Spring Dissipative Particle Dynamics Simulation Method for Entangled Polymer Solutions. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Masubuchi
- National
Composite Center, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Michael Langeloth
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut
für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie and Center of Smart
Interfaces, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse
8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael C. Böhm
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut
für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie and Center of Smart
Interfaces, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse
8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Tadashi Inoue
- Department
of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Florian Müller-Plathe
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut
für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie and Center of Smart
Interfaces, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse
8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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78
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Korolkovas A, Gutfreund P, Barrat JL. Simulation of entangled polymer solutions. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:124113. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4963400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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79
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Gustafson
- Department of Physics and the Minnesota
Supercomputing Institute and ‡Department of
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - David C. Morse
- Department of Physics and the Minnesota
Supercomputing Institute and ‡Department of
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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80
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Xu H, Hua G, Odelius K, Hakkarainen M. Stereocontrolled Entanglement-Directed Self-Alignment of Poly(lactic acid) Cylindrites. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Xu
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology; KTH Royal Institute of Technology; Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Geng Hua
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology; KTH Royal Institute of Technology; Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology; KTH Royal Institute of Technology; Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology; KTH Royal Institute of Technology; Stockholm 100 44 Sweden
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81
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Megariotis G, Vogiatzis GG, Schneider L, Müller M, Theodorou DN. Mesoscopic Simulations of Crosslinked Polymer Networks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/738/1/012063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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82
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Cao J, Wang Z. Microscopic Picture of Constraint Release Effects in Entangled Star Polymer Melts. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cao
- Department of Mathematics
and Statistics, University of Reading, Whiteknights, PO Box 220, Reading RG6 6AX, U.K
| | - Zuowei Wang
- Department of Mathematics
and Statistics, University of Reading, Whiteknights, PO Box 220, Reading RG6 6AX, U.K
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83
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Desai PS, Kang BG, Katzarova M, Hall R, Huang Q, Lee S, Shivokhin M, Chang T, Venerus DC, Mays J, Schieber JD, Larson RG. Challenging Tube and Slip-Link Models: Predicting the Linear Rheology of Blends of Well-Characterized Star and Linear 1,4-Polybutadienes. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Beom-Goo Kang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, United States
| | | | | | | | - Sanghoon Lee
- Department
of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea
| | | | - Taihyun Chang
- Department
of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea
| | | | - Jimmy Mays
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, United States
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84
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Karatrantos A, Clarke N, Composto RJ, Winey KI. Entanglements in polymer nanocomposites containing spherical nanoparticles. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:2567-2574. [PMID: 26853774 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm02010g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the polymer packing around nanoparticles and polymer/nanoparticle topological constraints (entanglements) in nanocomposites containing spherical nanoparticles in comparison to pure polymer melts using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The polymer-nanoparticle attraction leads to good dispersion of nanoparticles. We observe an increase in the number of topological constraints (decrease of total entanglement length Ne with nanoparticle loading in the polymer matrix) in nanocomposites due to nanoparticles, as evidenced by larger contour lengths of the primitive paths. An increase of the nanoparticle radius reduces the polymer-particle entanglements. These studies demonstrate that the interaction between polymers and nanoparticles does not affect the total entanglement length because in nanocomposites with small nanoparticles, the polymer-nanoparticles topological constraints dominate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyrios Karatrantos
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK.
| | - Nigel Clarke
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK.
| | - Russell J Composto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Karen I Winey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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85
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Ramírez-Hernández A, Peters BL, Andreev M, Schieber JD, de Pablo JJ. A multichain polymer slip-spring model with fluctuating number of entanglements for linear and nonlinear rheology. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:243147. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4936878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abelardo Ramírez-Hernández
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Brandon L. Peters
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Marat Andreev
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Jay D. Schieber
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Juan J. de Pablo
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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86
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Abstract
Start-up shear rheology is a standard experiment used for characterizing polymer flow, and to test various models of polymer dynamics. A rich phenomenology is developed for behavior of entangled monodisperse linear polymers in such tests, documenting shear stress overshoots as a function of shear rates and molecular weights. A tube theory does a reasonable qualitative job at describing these phenomena, although it involves several drastic approximations and the agreement can be fortuitous. Recently, Lu and co-workers published several papers [e.g., Lu ACS Macro Lett. 2014, 3, 569-573] reporting results from molecular dynamics simulations of linear entangled polymers, which contradict both theory and experiment. On the basis of these observations, they made very serious conclusions about the tube theory, which seem to be premature. In this letter, we repeat simulations of Lu et al. and systematically show that neither their simulation results nor their comparison with theory is confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cao
- Department of Mathematics
and Statistics, University of Reading, Reading, U.K. RG6
6AX
| | - Alexei E. Likhtman
- Department of Mathematics
and Statistics, University of Reading, Reading, U.K. RG6
6AX
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87
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Masubuchi Y. Effects of degree of freedom below entanglement segment on relaxation of polymer configuration under fast shear in multi-chain slip-spring simulations. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:224905. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4937172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Masubuchi
- National Composite Center, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusaku, Nagoya 4648603, Japan
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88
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Snijkers F, Pasquino R, Olmsted PD, Vlassopoulos D. Perspectives on the viscoelasticity and flow behavior of entangled linear and branched polymers. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2015; 27:473002. [PMID: 26558404 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/47/473002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We briefly review the recent advances in the rheology of entangled polymers and identify emerging research trends and outstanding challenges, especially with respect to branched polymers. Emphasis is placed on the role of well-characterized model systems, as well as the synergy of synthesis-characterization, rheometry and modeling/simulations. The theoretical framework for understanding the observed linear and nonlinear rheological phenomena is the tube model, which is critically assessed in view of its successes and shortcomings, and alternative approaches are briefly discussed. Finally, intriguing experimental findings and controversial issues that merit consistent explanation, such as shear banding instabilities, multiple stress overshoots in transient simple shear and enhanced steady-state elongational viscosity in polymer solutions, are discussed, and future directions such as branch point dynamics and anisotropic monomeric friction are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Snijkers
- FORTH, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Heraklion, Crete 71110, Greece. CNRS/Solvay UMR 5268, Laboratoire Polymères et Matériaux Avancés, Saint-Fons 69190, France
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89
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Zheng F, Goujon F, Mendonça ACF, Malfreyt P, Tildesley DJ. Structure and rheology of star polymers in confined geometries: a mesoscopic simulation study. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:8590-8598. [PMID: 26435466 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm01799h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Mesoscopic simulations of star polymer melts adsorbed onto solid surfaces are performed using the dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) method. A set of parameters is developed to study the low functionality star polymers under shear. The use of a new bond-angle potential between the arms of the star creates more rigid chains and discriminates between different functionalities at equilibrium, but still allows the polymers to deform appropriately under shear. The rheology of the polymer melts is studied by calculating the kinetic friction and viscosity and there is good agreement with experimental properties of these systems. The study is completed with predictive simulations of star polymer solutions in an athermal solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiwo Zheng
- ICCF, UMR CNRS 6296, Université Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubière Cedex, France.
| | - Florent Goujon
- ICCF, UMR CNRS 6296, Université Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubière Cedex, France.
| | | | - Patrice Malfreyt
- ICCF, UMR CNRS 6296, Université Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubière Cedex, France.
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90
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Richter D, Goossen S, Wischnewski A. Celebrating Soft Matter's 10th Anniversary: Topology matters: structure and dynamics of ring polymers. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:8535-8549. [PMID: 26406787 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm01994j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Considering topology among all polymer architectures polymer rings are unique, as they are the simplest closed structures without ends. In this review we present recent experimental advances addressing the structure and dynamics of rings. We focus mainly on neutron scattering results that reveal experimental insight on a molecular scale. We first briefly reflect on the progress in ring chemistry that made the experimental access possible. Structural investigations characterizing rings as compact objects in the melts are put into theoretical context. In contrast to the plateau regime common for all other high molecular weight polymer systems, the dynamic modulus of pure ring systems is characterized by a power law decay, while the viscosity displays a much weaker molecular weight dependence as a corresponding linear melt. The dynamics of ring melts is uniquely addressed by neutron spin-echo spectroscopy. The sub-diffusive center of mass motion at short times agrees well with simulation as well as theoretical concepts. In the internal dynamics the basic length scale of the ring molecule, the loop size, manifests itself clearly. The experiments reveal strong evidence for loop motions and call for further theoretical work describing them. Finally, small fractions of ring molecules in linear melts turn out to be very sensitive probes in order to scrutinize the dynamics of the host with the potential to reveal fundamental aspects of the dynamics of branched polymer systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Richter
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
| | - S Goossen
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
| | - A Wischnewski
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
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91
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Wang M, Likhtman AE, Olsen BD. Crossover between activated reptation and arm retraction mechanisms in entangled rod-coil block copolymers. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:184904. [PMID: 26567681 DOI: 10.1063/1.4933427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a coarse-grained slip-spring model, the dynamics of rod-coil block copolymers is explored over a wide parameter space to fully capture the crossover between the short rod (activated reptation) and long rod (arm retraction) limits. An analytical, closed-form expression for curvilinear diffusion by activated reptation was derived by separating the drag into individual components for the rod and coil block. Curvilinear diffusion in the intermediate rod regime, where both mechanisms are important, was then found to be faster than predicted when both mechanisms are independently combined. The discrepancy in the crossover regime arises because the rod-coil copolymer's exploration of space is not accurately described by either a coil homopolymer (assumed by activated reptation) or a rod homopolymer (assumed by arm retraction). This effect is explored by tracking the rod orientation as the polymer reptates, confirming that the polymer reptates along a path that becomes more rodlike as the rod fraction is increased. Thus, activated reptation under-predicts diffusion because the rod can choose reptation paths that are more extended than the coil homopolymer by renewal of the entanglement tube from the ends. Arm retraction under-predicts diffusion because minor rotations of the rod allow some motion before full retractions of the coil block. Finally, more familiar 3-dimensional center-of-mass diffusion measurements are related to the curvilinear diffusion analysis because the ratio of these two quantities varies smoothly between the coil and rod homopolymer limits as the reptation path becomes more extended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzhou Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Alexei E Likhtman
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, United Kingdom
| | - Bradley D Olsen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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92
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Malkin AY, Semakov AV, Kulichikhin VG. High-rate deformation of polymer melts as discrete media: Justification of the model. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x15060152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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93
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Gooßen S, Krutyeva M, Sharp M, Feoktystov A, Allgaier J, Pyckhout-Hintzen W, Wischnewski A, Richter D. Sensing Polymer Chain Dynamics through Ring Topology: A Neutron Spin Echo Study. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:148302. [PMID: 26551826 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.148302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Using neutron spin echo spectroscopy, we show that the segmental dynamics of polymer rings immersed in linear chains is completely controlled by the host. This transforms rings into ideal probes for studying the entanglement dynamics of the embedding matrix. As a consequence of the unique ring topology, in long chain matrices the entanglement spacing is directly revealed, unaffected by local reptation of the host molecules beyond this distance. In shorter entangled matrices, where in the time frame of the experiment secondary effects such as contour length fluctuations or constraint release could play a role, the ring motion reveals that the contour length fluctuation is weaker than assumed in state-of-the-art rheology and that the constraint release is negligible. We expect that rings, as topological probes, will also grant direct access to molecular aspects of polymer motion which have been inaccessible until now within chains adhering to more complex architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Gooßen
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Complex Systems (ICS-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Margarita Krutyeva
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Complex Systems (ICS-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Melissa Sharp
- Institute Laue-Langevin (ILL), 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- European Spallation Source ESS AB, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Artem Feoktystov
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Lichtenbergstraße 1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Jürgen Allgaier
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Complex Systems (ICS-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Wim Pyckhout-Hintzen
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Complex Systems (ICS-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Andreas Wischnewski
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Complex Systems (ICS-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Dieter Richter
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Complex Systems (ICS-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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94
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaidyanathan Sethuraman
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Dylan Kipp
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Venkat Ganesan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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95
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung A Kim
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Rahul Mangal
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Lynden A. Archer
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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96
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Andreev M, Schieber JD. Accessible and Quantitative Entangled Polymer Rheology Predictions, Suitable for Complex Flow Calculations. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/ma502525x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marat Andreev
- Department of Physics, ‡Center for Molecular
Study of Condensed Soft Matter, and §Department of
Chemical and Biological Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Jay D. Schieber
- Department of Physics, ‡Center for Molecular
Study of Condensed Soft Matter, and §Department of
Chemical and Biological Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
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97
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Wang M, Likhtman AE, Olsen BD. Tube Curvature Slows the Motion of Rod-Coil Block Copolymers through Activated Reptation. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:242-246. [PMID: 35596415 DOI: 10.1021/mz5007377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the dynamics of molecules with complex shapes is important as researchers develop advanced materials using hybrid molecules. This study applies a slip-spring model to visualize and quantify the entangled dynamics of rod-coil block copolymers. The parameters of the model are determined by matching with molecular dynamics simulation results. By monitoring the positions of polymers along the entanglement tube, rod-coil copolymers are shown to disfavor configurations where the rod occupies curved portions of the tube of randomly varying curvature created by the coil ends. This confirms that reptation of copolymers occurs by an activated mechanism and is the first demonstration of the activation barriers that have been previously inferred through diffusion measurements by simulation and experiment. The barriers to diffusion are further quantified by considering the curvilinear motion of ring polymers, and their effect on diffusion is quantitatively captured by considering one-dimensional motion along an entanglement tube with a rough free energy potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzhou Wang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Alexei E. Likhtman
- School
of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, U.K
| | - Bradley D. Olsen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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98
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Foteinopoulou K, Karayiannis NC, Laso M. Monte Carlo simulations of densely-packed athermal polymers in the bulk and under confinement. Chem Eng Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2014.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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99
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van Ruymbeke E, Lee H, Chang T, Nikopoulou A, Hadjichristidis N, Snijkers F, Vlassopoulos D. Molecular rheology of branched polymers: decoding and exploring the role of architectural dispersity through a synergy of anionic synthesis, interaction chromatography, rheometry and modeling. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:4762-4777. [PMID: 24705637 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm00105b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
An emerging challenge in polymer physics is the quantitative understanding of the influence of a macromolecular architecture (i.e., branching) on the rheological response of entangled complex polymers. Recent investigations of the rheology of well-defined architecturally complex polymers have determined the composition in the molecular structure and identified the role of side-products in the measured samples. The combination of different characterization techniques, experimental and/or theoretical, represents the current state-of-the-art. Here we review this interdisciplinary approach to molecular rheology of complex polymers, and show the importance of confronting these different tools for ensuring an accurate characterization of a given polymeric sample. We use statistical tools in order to relate the information available from the synthesis protocols of a sample and its experimental molar mass distribution (typically obtained from size exclusion chromatography), and hence obtain precise information about its structural composition, i.e. enhance the existing sensitivity limit. We critically discuss the use of linear rheology as a reliable quantitative characterization tool, along with the recently developed temperature gradient interaction chromatography. The latter, which has emerged as an indispensable characterization tool for branched architectures, offers unprecedented sensitivity in detecting the presence of different molecular structures in a sample. Combining these techniques is imperative in order to quantify the molecular composition of a polymer and its consequences on the macroscopic properties. We validate this approach by means of a new model asymmetric comb polymer which was synthesized anionically. It was thoroughly characterized and its rheology was carefully analyzed. The main result is that the rheological signal reveals fine molecular details, which must be taken into account to fully elucidate the viscoelastic response of entangled branched polymers. It is important to appreciate that, even optimal model systems, i.e., those synthesized with high-vacuum anionic methods, need thorough characterization via a combination of techniques. Besides helping to improve synthetic techniques, this methodology will be significant in fine-tuning mesoscopic tube-based models and addressing outstanding issues such as the quantitative description of the constraint release mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- E van Ruymbeke
- Bio and Soft Matter, Institute on Condensed Matter and Nano-science, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium.
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Schieber JD, Andreev M. Entangled Polymer Dynamics in Equilibrium and Flow Modeled Through Slip Links. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2014; 5:367-81. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-060713-040252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The idea that the dynamics of concentrated, high–molecular weight polymers are largely governed by entanglements is now widely accepted and typically understood through the tube model. Here we review alternative approaches, slip-link models, that share some similarities to and offer some advantages over tube models. Although slip links were proposed at the same time as tubes, only recently have detailed, quantitative mathematical models arisen based on this picture. In this review, we focus on these models, with most discussion limited to mathematically well-defined objects that conform to state-of-the-art beyond-equilibrium thermodynamics. These models are connected to each other through successive coarse graining, using nonequilibrium thermodynamics along the way, and with a minimal parameter set. In particular, the most detailed level of description has four parameters, three of which can be determined directly from atomistic simulations. Once the remaining parameter is determined for any system, all parameters for all members of the hierarchy are determined. We show how, using this hierarchy of slip-link models combined with atomistic simulations, we can make predictions about the nonlinear rheology of monodisperse homopolymer melts, polydisperse melts, or blends of different architectures. Mathematical details are given elsewhere, so these are limited here, and physical ideas are emphasized. We conclude with an outlook on remaining challenges that might be tackled successfully using this approach, including complex flow fields and polymer blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay D. Schieber
- Center for Molecular Study of Condensed Soft Matter, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616
| | - Marat Andreev
- Center for Molecular Study of Condensed Soft Matter, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616
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