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Kanishka B Wijayarathna ER, Mohammadkhani G, Moghadam FH, Berglund L, Ferreira JA, Adolfsson KH, Hakkarainen M, Zamani A. Tunable Fungal Monofilaments from Food Waste for Textile Applications. Glob Chall 2024; 8:2300098. [PMID: 38486927 PMCID: PMC10935878 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202300098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
A fungal biorefinery is presented to valorize food waste to fungal monofilaments with tunable properties for different textile applications. Rhizopus delemar is successfully grown on bread waste and the fibrous cell wall is isolated. A spinnable hydrogel is produced from cell wall by protonation of amino groups of chitosan followed by homogenization and concentration. Fungal hydrogel is wet spun to form fungal monofilaments which underwent post-treatments to tune the properties. The highest tensile strength of untreated monofilaments is 65 MPa (and 4% elongation at break). The overall highest tensile strength of 140.9 MPa, is achieved by water post-treatment. Moreover, post-treatment with 3% glycerol resulted in the highest elongation % at break, i.e., 14%. The uniformity of the monofilaments also increased after the post-treatments. The obtained monofilaments are compared with commercial fibers using Ashby's plots and potential applications are discussed. The wet spun monofilaments are located in the category of natural fibers in Ashby's plots. After water and glycerol treatments, the properties shifted toward metals and elastomers, respectively. The compatibility of the monofilaments with human skin cells is supported by a biocompatibility assay. These findings demonstrate fungal monofilaments with tunable properties fitting a wide range of sustainable textiles applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Farshad Homayouni Moghadam
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for BiotechnologyACECRIsfahan83431Iran
| | - Linn Berglund
- Department of Engineering Sciences and MathematicsLuleå University of TechnologyLuleåSE‐971 87Sweden
| | - Jorge A. Ferreira
- Swedish Centre for Resource RecoveryUniversity of BoråsBoråsSE‐501 90Sweden
| | - Karin H. Adolfsson
- Department of Fiber and Polymer TechnologyKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSE‐100 44Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fiber and Polymer TechnologyKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSE‐100 44Sweden
| | - Akram Zamani
- Swedish Centre for Resource RecoveryUniversity of BoråsBoråsSE‐501 90Sweden
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2
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Liguori A, Xu H, Hazarika D, Hakkarainen M. Simple Non-Equilibrium Atmospheric Plasma Post-Treatment Strategy for Surface Coating of Digital Light Processed 3D-Printed Vanillin-Based Schiff-Base Thermosets. ACS Appl Polym Mater 2023; 5:8506-8517. [PMID: 37854301 PMCID: PMC10580284 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.3c01632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
A simple non-equilibrium atmospheric plasma post-treatment strategy was developed for the surface coating of three-dimensional (3D) structures produced by digital light processing 3D printing. The influence of non-equilibrium atmospheric plasma on the chemical and physical properties of vanillin-derived Schiff-base thermosets and the dip-coating process was investigated and compared to the influence of traditional post-treatment with UV-light. As a comparison, thermosets without post-treatment were also subjected to the coating procedure. The results document that UV post-treatment can induce the completion of the curing of the printed thermosets if complete curing is not reached during printing. Conversely, the plasma post-treatment does not contribute to the curing of the thermoset but causes some opening of the imine bonds and the regeneration of aldehyde functions. As a consequence, no great differences are observed between the not post-treated and plasma post-treated samples in terms of mechanical, thermal, and solvent-resistant properties. In contrast to the UV post-treatment, the plasma post-treatment of the thermosets induces a noticeable increase of the thermoset hydrophilicity ascribed to the reformation of amines on the thermoset surface. The successful coating process and the greatest uniformity of the lignosulfonate coating on the surface of plasma post-treated samples are considered to be due to the presence of these amines and aldehydes. The investigation of the UV shielding properties and antioxidant activities documents the increase of both properties with the increasing amount and uniformity of the formed coating. Interestingly, evident antioxidant properties are also shown by the noncoated thermosets, which are deduced to their chemical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Liguori
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Huan Xu
- School
of Materials Science and Physics, China
University of Mining and Technology, 221116 Xuzhou, China
| | - Doli Hazarika
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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3
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Liguori A, Oliva E, Sangermano M, Hakkarainen M. Digital Light Processing 3D Printing of Isosorbide- and Vanillin-Based Ester and Ester-Imine Thermosets: Structure-Property Recyclability Relationships. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 2023; 11:14601-14613. [PMID: 37799818 PMCID: PMC10548585 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c04362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Four isosorbide-based photocurable resins were designed to reveal correlations between the composition and chemical structure, digital light processing (DLP) three-dimensional (3D) printability, thermoset properties, and recyclability. Especially, the role of functional groups, i.e., the concentration of ester groups vs the combination of ester and imine functionalities, in the recyclability of the resins was investigated. The resins consisted of methacrylated isosorbide alone or in combination with methacrylated vanillin or a flexible methacrylated vanillin Schiff-base. The composition of the resins significantly affected their 3D printability as well as the physical and chemical properties of the resulting thermosets. The results indicated the potential of methacrylated isosorbide to confer rigidity to thermosets with some negative effects on the printing quality and solvent-resistance properties. An increase in the methacrylated vanillin concentration in the resin enabled us to overcome these drawbacks, leading, however, to thermosets with lower thermal stability. The replacement of methacrylated vanillin with the methacrylated Schiff-base resin decreased the rigidity of the networks, ensuring, on the other hand, improved solvent-resistance properties. The results highlighted an almost complete preservation of the elastic modulus after the reprocessing or chemical recycling of the ester-imine thermosets, thanks to the presence of two distinct dynamic covalent bonds in the network; however, the concentration of the ester functions in the ester thermosets played a significant role in the success of the chemical recycling procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Liguori
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eugenia Oliva
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico
di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Sangermano
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico
di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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4
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Guo B, Lopez-Lorenzo X, Fang Y, Bäckström E, Capezza AJ, Vanga SR, Furó I, Hakkarainen M, Syrén PO. Fast Depolymerization of PET Bottle Mediated by Microwave Pre-Treatment and An Engineered PETase. ChemSusChem 2023; 16:e202300742. [PMID: 37384425 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Recycling plastics is the key to reaching a sustainable materials economy. Biocatalytic degradation of plastics shows great promise by allowing selective depolymerization of man-made materials into constituent building blocks under mild aqueous conditions. However, insoluble plastics have polymer chains that can reside in different conformations and show compact secondary structures that offer low accessibility for initiating the depolymerization reaction by enzymes. In this work, we overcome these shortcomings by microwave irradiation as a pre-treatment process to deliver powders of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) particles suitable for subsequent biotechnology-assisted plastic degradation by previously generated engineered enzymes. An optimized microwave step resulted in 1400 times higher integral of released terephthalic acid (TPA) from high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), compared to original untreated PET bottle. Biocatalytic plastic hydrolysis of substrates originating from PET bottles responded to 78 % yield conversion from 2 h microwave pretreatment and 1 h enzymatic reaction at 30 °C. The increase in activity stems from enhanced substrate accessibility from the microwave step, followed by the administration of designer enzymes capable of accommodating oligomers and shorter chains released in a productive conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Guo
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 50-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Ximena Lopez-Lorenzo
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 50-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30-36, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Bäckström
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 50-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonio Jose Capezza
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 50-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sudarsan Reddy Vanga
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 50-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - István Furó
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30-36, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 50-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Olof Syrén
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 50-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
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5
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Guo B, Lopez-Lorenzo X, Fang Y, Bäckström E, Capezza AJ, Vanga SR, Furó I, Hakkarainen M, Syrén PO. Fast Depolymerization of PET Bottle Mediated by Microwave Pre-Treatment and An Engineered PETase. ChemSusChem 2023; 16:e202301237. [PMID: 37679097 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Invited for this month's cover is the groups of Prof. Minna Hakkarainen, Prof. István Furó and Assoc. Prof. Per-Olof Syrén at KTH Royal Institute of Technology. The image shows how microwave irradiation is an efficient pre-treatment method of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) for subsequent biocatalytic depolymerization. The Research Article itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.202300742.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Guo
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 50-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Ximena Lopez-Lorenzo
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 50-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30-36, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Bäckström
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 50-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonio Jose Capezza
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 50-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sudarsan Reddy Vanga
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 50-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - István Furó
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30-36, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 50-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Olof Syrén
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 50-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
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Kalita NK, Hakkarainen M. Triggering Degradation of Cellulose Acetate by Embedded Enzymes: Accelerated Enzymatic Degradation and Biodegradation under Simulated Composting Conditions. Biomacromolecules 2023. [PMID: 37347240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
A green strategy that significantly accelerates the biodegradation rate of cellulose acetate (CA) by triggering deacetylation was demonstrated. Lipase isolated from Candida rugosa was immobilized on CA particles (immobilized lipase (IL)) by a physical entrapment method and further incorporated in CA films. After 40 days of aging in contact with external enzymes (lipase and cellulase), the number-average molecular weight (Mn) of CA/IL 5% decreased by 88%, while the Mn of CA only exhibited a 48% reduction. Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of CA/IL 5% indicated significant deacetylation, which was further supported by the decrease of the water contact angle from 59 to 16°. These drastic changes were not observed for CA. Similar differences in the degradation rate were observed during aging under simulated composting conditions. After 180 days of simulated composting, traces of CA/IL 5% were barely observable, while large pieces of CA still remained. This could open the door to modified lignocellulose materials with retained biodegradability, also reducing the requirements for the degradation environment as the process is initiated from inside of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naba Kumar Kalita
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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Li X, Zhu G, Tang M, Li T, Wang C, Song X, Zhang S, Zhu J, He X, Hakkarainen M, Xu H. Biodegradable MOFilters for Effective Air Filtration and Sterilization by Coupling MOF Functionalization and Mechanical Polarization of Fibrous Poly(lactic acid). ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37246929 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c03932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
High-performance air filtration materials are important for addressing the airborne pollutants. Herein, we propose an unprecedented access to biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-based MOFilters with excellent filtering performance and antibacterial activity. The fabrication involved a stepwise in situ growth of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) crystals at the surface of microfibrous PLA membranes, followed by mechanical polarization under high pressure and low temperature (5 MPa, 40 °C) to trigger the ordered alignment of dipoles in PLA chains and ZIF-8. The unique structural features allowed these PLA-based MOFilters to achieve an exceptional combination of excellent tensile properties, high dielectric constant (up to 2.4 F/m), and enhanced surface potential as high as 4 kV. Arising from the remarkable surface activity and electrostatic adsorption effect, a significant increase (from over 12% to nearly 20%) in PM0.3 filtration efficiency was observed for the PLA-based MOFilters compared to that of pure PLA counterparts, with weak relation to the airflow velocities (10-85 L/min). Moreover, the air resistance was controlled at a considerably low level for all the MOFilters, that is, below 183 Pa even at 85 L/min. It is worth noting that distinct antibacterial properties were achieved for the MOFilters, as illustrated by the inhibitive rates of 87 and 100% against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. The proposed concept of PLA-based MOFilters offers unprecedented multifunction integration, which may fuel the development of biodegradable versatile filters with high capturing and antibacterial performances yet desirable manufacturing feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Guiying Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Mengke Tang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Tian Li
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Cunmin Wang
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Xinyi Song
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Shenghui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Jintuo Zhu
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China
| | - Xinjian He
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 10044, Sweden
| | - Huan Xu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China
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Subramaniyan S, Bergoglio M, Sangermano M, Hakkarainen M. Vanillin-Derived Thermally Reprocessable and Chemically Recyclable Schiff-Base Epoxy Thermosets. Glob Chall 2023; 7:2200234. [PMID: 37020622 PMCID: PMC10069320 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202200234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The paradigm shift from traditional petroleum-based non-recyclable thermosets to biobased repeatedly recyclable materials is required to move toward circular bioeconomy. Here, two mechanically and chemically recyclable extended vanillin-derived epoxy thermosets are successfully fabricated by introduction of Schiff-base/imine covalent dynamic bonds. Thermoset 1 (T1) is based on linear monomer 1 (M1) with two alcohol end groups and one imine bond, while thermoset 2 (T2) is based on branched monomer 2 (M2) with three alcohol end-groups and three imine-groups. Thermosets are obtained by reaction of monomer 1 (M1) and monomer 2 (M2) with trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether. The structure of the monomers and thermosets is confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic techniques. Both thermosets exhibit good thermal and mechanical properties and they are stable in common organic solvents. Furthermore, they can be thermally reprocessed through compression molding with good recovery of the mechanical properties. Last but not least, the fabricated thermosets can be rapidly and completely chemically recycled to water-soluble aldehydes and amines by imine hydrolysis at room temperature in 0.1 m HCl solution. This is promising for development of future materials with multiple circularity by different routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathiyaraj Subramaniyan
- KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyDepartment of Fibre and Polymer TechnologyTeknikringen 58Stockholm100 44Sweden
- KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyWallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC)Teknikringen 58Stockholm100 44Sweden
| | - Matteo Bergoglio
- KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyDepartment of Fibre and Polymer TechnologyTeknikringen 58Stockholm100 44Sweden
- Politecnico di TorinoDepartment of Applied Science and TechnologyC.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24Torino10129Italy
| | - Marco Sangermano
- Politecnico di TorinoDepartment of Applied Science and TechnologyC.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24Torino10129Italy
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyDepartment of Fibre and Polymer TechnologyTeknikringen 58Stockholm100 44Sweden
- KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyWallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC)Teknikringen 58Stockholm100 44Sweden
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9
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Lopez-Lorenzo X, Asem H, Stamm A, Subramaniyan S, Hakkarainen M, Syrén PO. Whole‐cell Mediated Carboxylation of 2‐Furoic Acid Towards the Production of Renewable Platform Chemicals and Biomaterials. ChemCatChem 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202201483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ximena Lopez-Lorenzo
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology: Kungliga Tekniska Hogskolan Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology SWEDEN
| | - Heba Asem
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology: Kungliga Tekniska Hogskolan Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology SWEDEN
| | - Arne Stamm
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology: Kungliga Tekniska Hogskolan Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology SWEDEN
| | - Sathiyaraj Subramaniyan
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology: Kungliga Tekniska Hogskolan Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology SWEDEN
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology: Kungliga Tekniska Hogskolan Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology SWEDEN
| | - Per-Olof Syrén
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology School of Chemical Science and Engineering Science for Life LaboratoryTomtebodavägen 23B, 171 65Solna 17165 Stockholm SWEDEN
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10
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Liguori A, Subramaniyan S, Yao JG, Hakkarainen M. Photocurable extended vanillin-based resin for mechanically and chemically recyclable, self-healable and digital light processing 3D printable thermosets. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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11
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Cederholm L, Wohlert J, Olsén P, Hakkarainen M, Odelius K. Back Cover: “Like Recycles Like”: Selective Ring‐Closing Depolymerization of Poly(L‐Lactic Acid) to L‐Lactide (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 33/2022). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Cederholm
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jakob Wohlert
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Peter Olsén
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
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12
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Cederholm L, Wohlert J, Olsén P, Hakkarainen M, Odelius K. “Like Recycles Like”: Selective Ring‐Closing Depolymerization of Poly(L‐Lactic Acid) to L‐Lactide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204531. [PMID: 35582840 PMCID: PMC9541399 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chemical recycling of poly(L‐lactic acid) to the cyclic monomer L‐lactide is hampered by low selectivity and by epimerization and elimination reactions, impeding its use on a large scale. The high number of side reactions originates from the high ceiling temperature (Tc) of L‐lactide, which necessitates high temperatures or multistep reactions to achieve recycling to L‐lactide. To circumvent this issue, we utilized the impact of solvent interactions on the monomer–polymer equilibrium to decrease the Tc of L‐lactide. Analyzing the observed Tc in different solvents in relation to their Hildebrand solubility parameter revealed a “like recycles like” relationship. The decreased Tc, obtained by selecting solvents that interact strongly with the monomer (dimethyl formamide or the green solvent γ‐valerolactone), allowed chemical recycling of high‐molecular‐weight poly(L‐lactic acid) directly to L‐lactide, within 1–4 h at 140 °C, with >95 % conversion and 98–99 % selectivity. Recycled L‐lactide was isolated and repolymerized with high control over molecular weight and dispersity, closing the polymer loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Cederholm
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jakob Wohlert
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Peter Olsén
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
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Cederholm L, Wohlert J, Olsén P, Hakkarainen M, Odelius K. Like Recycles Like: Selective Ring‐Closing Depolymerization of Poly(L–Lactic Acid) to L–Lactide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Cederholm
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jakob Wohlert
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Peter Olsén
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
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Abstract
Biodegradable polymers complement recyclable materials in battling plastic waste because some products are difficult to recycle and some will end up in the environment either because of their application or due to wear of the products. Natural biopolymers, such as cellulose, are inherently biodegradable, but chemical modification typically required for the obtainment of thermoplastic properties, solubility, or other desired material properties can hinder or even prevent the biodegradation process. This Review summarizes current knowledge on the degradation of common cellulose derivatives in different laboratory, natural, and man-made environments. Depending on the environment, the degradation can be solely biodegradation or a combination of several processes, such as chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis, photodegradation, and oxidation. It is clear that the type of modification and especially the degree of substitution are important factors controlling the degradation process of cellulose derivatives in combination with the degradation environment. The big variation of conditions in different environments is also briefly considered as well as the importance of the proper testing environment, characterization of the degradation process, and confirmation of biodegradability. To ensure full sustainability of the new cellulose derivatives under development, the expected end-of-life scenario, whether material recycling or "biological" recycling, should be included as an important design parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nejla B Erdal
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, FibRe - Centre for Lignocellulose-based Thermoplastics, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, FibRe - Centre for Lignocellulose-based Thermoplastics, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Cederholm L, Wohlert J, Olsén P, Hakkarainen M, Odelius K. “Like Recycles Like”: Selective Ring‐Closing Depolymerization of Poly(L‐Lactic Acid) to L‐Lactide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Cederholm
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jakob Wohlert
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Peter Olsén
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
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16
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De Lima S, Erdal N, Adolfsson K, Hakkarainen M, Kugelberg M. Rupture and chemical accumulation in contact lenses with dexamethasone eye drop administration after congenital cataract surgery. Acta Ophthalmol 2022; 100:462-467. [PMID: 34403214 DOI: 10.1111/aos.15003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether contact lenses used after surgery for congenital cataracts act as a depot for dexamethasone, which would allow the prescribed amount of drops to be reduced, and to examine whether the preservative benzalkonium chloride accumulates in the contact lens matrix, which would suggest a need for more frequent replacements. METHODS Contact lenses (n = 10) worn by infants treated with dexamethasone eye drops after congenital cataract surgery were analysed with scanning electron microscopy, UV-vis, 1 H-NMR and LDI-MS for chemical deposits and for changes on the contact lens surface. Unused lenses (n = 5) and lenses (n = 4) from patients with no eye drop treatment were analysed as reference. RESULTS The treated contact lenses displayed ruptured surfaces in comparison with unused and reference lenses. Dexamethasone and BAK were not detected in any of the lenses. A polyethylene oxide component was found in the treated lenses, likely originating from the dexamethasone eye drops or the contact lens solution. CONCLUSION Dexamethasone and BAK do not accumulate in the contact lenses, and a depot effect of any clinical significance is unlikely. Therefore, the number of drops given after surgery should remain the same regardless of whether the child has contact lenses. The ruptured surface may both decrease the child's comfort and increase the risk of microbial adhesion, and so it is recommended that contact lenses should be replaced once a month throughout the course of anti-inflammatory eye drop treatment after surgery for congenital cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara De Lima
- Division of Eye and Vision Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden
| | - Nejla Erdal
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden
| | - Karin Adolfsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden
| | - Maria Kugelberg
- Division of Eye and Vision Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden
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17
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Gazzotti S, Adolfsson KH, Hakkarainen M, Farina H, Silvani A, Ortenzi MA. DOX mediated synthesis of PLA-co-PS graft copolymers with matrix-driven self-assembly in PLA-based blends. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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18
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Xuan W, Odelius K, Hakkarainen M. Tailoring Oligomeric Plasticizers for Polylactide through Structural Control. ACS Omega 2022; 7:14305-14316. [PMID: 35573211 PMCID: PMC9089748 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Structural variations (oligolactide segments, functionalized end groups, and different plasticizer cores) were utilized to tailor the performances of biobased plasticizers for polylactide (PLA). Six plasticizers were developed starting from 1,4-butanediol and isosorbide as cores: two monomeric (1,4-butanediol levulinate and isosorbide levulinate) and four oligomeric plasticizers with hydroxyl or levulinate ester end groups (1,4-butanediol-based oligolactide, isosorbide-based oligolactide, 1,4-butanediol-based oligomeric levulinate, and isosorbide-based oligomeric levulinate). Structural variations in plasticizer design were reflected in the thermal stability, plasticizing efficiency, and migration resistance. The monomeric plasticizer 1,4-butanediol levulinate decreased the glass-transition temperature of PLA from 59 to 16 °C and increased the strain at break substantially from 6 to 227% with 20 wt % addition. 1,4-Butanediol-based oligomeric levulinate exhibited better thermal stability and migration resistance, though the plasticizing efficiency was slightly lower (glass-transition temperature = 28 °C; strain at break = 202%). Compared to PLA films plasticized by plasticizers with flexible butanediol cores, those plasticized by plasticizers with rigid isosorbide cores exhibited higher Young's modulus and thermal stability and lower plasticizing efficiency. Furthermore, plasticizers with levulinate ester end groups had improved thermal stability, plasticizing efficiency, and migration resistance compared to the corresponding plasticizers with hydroxyl end groups. Hence, a set of controlled structural variations in plasticizer design were successfully demonstrated as a potent route to tailor the plasticizer performances.
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Svensson SE, Oliveira AO, Adolfsson KH, Heinmaa I, Root A, Kondori N, Ferreira JA, Hakkarainen M, Zamani A. Turning food waste to antibacterial and biocompatible fungal chitin/chitosan monofilaments. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:618-630. [PMID: 35427640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Here, cell wall of a zygomycete fungus, Rhizopus delemar, grown on bread waste was wet spun into monofilaments. Using the whole cell wall material omits the common chitosan isolation and purification steps and leads to higher material utilization. The fungal cell wall contained 36.9% and 19.7% chitosan and chitin, respectively. Solid state NMR of the fungal cell wall material confirmed the presence of chitosan, chitin, and other carbohydrates. Hydrogels were prepared by ultrafine grinding of the cell wall, followed by addition of lactic acid to protonate the amino groups of chitosan, and subsequently wet spun into monofilaments. The monofilament inhibited the growth of Bacillus megaterium (Gram+ bacterium) and Escherichia coli (Gram- bacterium) significantly (92.2% and 99.7% respectively). Cytotoxicity was evaluated using an in vitro assay with human dermal fibroblasts, indicating no toxic inducement from exposure of the monofilaments. The antimicrobial and biocompatible fungal monofilaments, open new avenues for sustainable biomedical textiles from abundant food waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie E Svensson
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 50190 Borås, Sweden.
| | - Ana Osório Oliveira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Karin H Adolfsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Ivo Heinmaa
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Andrew Root
- MagSol, Tuhkanummenkuja 2, 00970 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nahid Kondori
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institution of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 46 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Jorge A Ferreira
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 50190 Borås, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Akram Zamani
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 50190 Borås, Sweden.
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20
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Noè C, Cosola A, Tonda-Turo C, Sesana R, Delprete C, Chiappone A, Hakkarainen M, Sangermano M. DLP-printable fully biobased soybean oil composites. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Guo B, Vanga SR, Lopez-Lorenzo X, Saenz-Mendez P, Ericsson SR, Fang Y, Ye X, Schriever K, Bäckström E, Biundo A, Zubarev RA, Furó I, Hakkarainen M, Syrén PO. Conformational Selection in Biocatalytic Plastic Degradation by PETase. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Guo
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sudarsana Reddy Vanga
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ximena Lopez-Lorenzo
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patricia Saenz-Mendez
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Rönnblad Ericsson
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yuan Fang
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xinchen Ye
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karen Schriever
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Bäckström
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonino Biundo
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roman A. Zubarev
- Division of Physiological Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- SciLifeLab, SE-171 21 Solna, Sweden
- Department of Pharmacological & Technological Chemistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119146, Russia
| | - István Furó
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Olof Syrén
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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22
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Liguori A, Hakkarainen M. Designed from Biobased for Recycling: Imine-Based Covalent Adaptable Networks. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2100816. [PMID: 35080074 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Turning thermosets into fully sustainable materials requires utilization of biobased raw materials and design for easy recyclability. Here, dynamic covalent chemistry for fabrication of covalent adaptable networks (CANs) could be an enabling tool. CAN thermosets ideally combine the positive material properties of thermosets with thermal recyclability of linear thermoplastics. Among the dynamic covalent bonds, imine bond, also called Schiff base, can participate in both dissociative and associative pathways. This induces potential for chemical recyclability, thermal reprocessability and self-healing. This review presents an overview of the current research front of biobased thermosets fabricated by Schiff base chemistry. The discussed materials are categorized on the basis of the employed biobased components. The chemical approaches for the synthesis and curing of the resins, as well as the resulting properties and recyclability of the obtained thermosets are described and discussed. Finally, challenges and future perspectives are briefly summarized. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Liguori
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 58, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 58, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
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23
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Xu H, Shen M, Shang H, Xu W, Zhang S, Yang HR, Zhou D, Hakkarainen M. Osteoconductive and Antibacterial Poly(lactic acid) Fibrous Membranes Impregnated with Biobased Nanocarbons for Biodegradable Bone Regenerative Scaffolds. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c02165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Xu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Mengyuan Shen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Han Shang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Wenxuan Xu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Shenghui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Hao-Ran Yang
- State Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science and Technology, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden
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24
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Adolfsson KH, Sjöberg I, Höglund OV, Wattle O, Hakkarainen M. In Vivo Versus In Vitro Degradation of a 3D Printed Resorbable Device for Ligation of Vascular Tissue in Horses. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100164. [PMID: 34339098 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A resorbable 3D printed polydioxanone (PDO) device is manufactured to facilitate ligation of vascular tissue during surgery. The device must provide sufficient mechanical performance throughout the healing period. Therefore, degradation and mechanical performance of the device are investigated as a function of in vivo and in vitro aging. During aging the PDO device released cyclic and linear water-soluble products. In vivo aging resulted in higher relative number of linear oligomers in comparison to in vitro aging. A major loss of mechanical performance is observed after only 10 days in vivo and the Young's modulus (E) and tensile strength at break (σb ) decreased by 28% and 54%, respectively. This is in contrast to in vitro aging, where no loss of mechanical properties is observed during the same period. The in vivo aged devices exhibit clear holes in the matrices after 28 days, while apparent cracks are observed first after 140 days in vitro. These results highlight the sensitivity of the degradation process of resorbable devices with regards to the interactions of the device with the surrounding environment (tissues) and demonstrate the importance of in vivo testing as compliment to in vitro testing before clinical use of devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin H Adolfsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
| | - Ida Sjöberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, SLU Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Box 7054, 750 07, Sweden
| | - Odd V Höglund
- Department of Clinical Sciences, SLU Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Box 7054, 750 07, Sweden
| | - Ove Wattle
- Department of Clinical Sciences, SLU Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Box 7054, 750 07, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
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25
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Xuan W, Odelius K, Hakkarainen M. Tunable polylactide plasticizer design: Rigid stereoisomers. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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26
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Bäckström E, Odelius K, Hakkarainen M. Microwave Assisted Selective Hydrolysis of Polyamides from Multicomponent Carpet Waste. Glob Chall 2021; 5:2000119. [PMID: 34267926 PMCID: PMC8272014 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202000119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Selective hydrolysis of polyamide-6 (PA-6) and polyamide-66 (PA-66) from commercial multicomponent PA-6/PA-66/polypropylene (PP) carpet is demonstrated by a microwave-assisted acid catalyzed hydrothermal process, yielding monomeric products and solid polypropylene residue. First, an effective method is established to chemically recycle neat PA-6 and PA-66 granules using microwave irradiation. The optimized, hydrochloric acid (HCl) catalyzed process leads to selective production of monomers, 6-aminocaproic acid or adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine, after only 30 min. A piece of commercial carpet is then recycled using the same reaction conditions, but with the alteration of the reaction time from 1 to 6 h. The produced water-soluble products and the remaining solid residue are carefully characterized, proving that the polyamide-part of the carpet is selectively hydrolyzed into water-soluble monomers and the polypropylene-part remains as an unconverted solid that can be further used to produce recycled filaments containing the carpet residue and virgin polypropylene. The developed process opens the possibility to recycle multicomponent materials, such as carpets, through selective hydrolysis. It can also contribute to a circular economy, producing original monomers and materials ready for a new life-cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Bäckström
- Department of Fibre and Polymer TechnologySchool of Engineering Sciences in ChemistryBiotechnology and HealthKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyTeknikringen 56–58StockholmSE‐100 44Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Department of Fibre and Polymer TechnologySchool of Engineering Sciences in ChemistryBiotechnology and HealthKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyTeknikringen 56–58StockholmSE‐100 44Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer TechnologySchool of Engineering Sciences in ChemistryBiotechnology and HealthKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyTeknikringen 56–58StockholmSE‐100 44Sweden
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27
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Mohammadkhani G, Kumar Ramamoorthy S, Adolfsson KH, Mahboubi A, Hakkarainen M, Zamani A. New Solvent and Coagulating Agent for Development of Chitosan Fibers by Wet Spinning. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13132121. [PMID: 34203312 PMCID: PMC8271770 DOI: 10.3390/polym13132121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipic acid was evaluated as a novel solvent for wet spinning of chitosan fibers. A solvent with two carboxyl groups could act as a physical crosslinker between the chitosan chains, resulting in improved properties of the fibers. The performance of adipic acid was compared with conventional solvents, i.e., lactic, citric, and acetic acids. Chitosan solutions were injected into a coagulation bath to form monofilaments. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and its mixture with ethanol (EtOH) were used as coagulation agents. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed the formation of uniform chitosan monofilaments with an even surface when using adipic acid as solvent. These monofilaments generally showed higher mechanical strength compared to that of monofilaments produced using conventional solvents. The highest Young's modulus, 4.45 GPa, was recorded for adipic acid monofilaments coagulated in NaOH-EtOH. This monofilament also had a high tensile strength of 147.9 MPa. Furthermore, taking advantage of chitosan insolubility in sulfuric acid (H2SO4) at room temperature, chitosan fibers were successfully formed upon coagulation in H2SO4-EtOH. The dewatering of fibers using EtOH before drying resulted in a larger fiber diameter and lower mechanical strength. Adipic acid fibers made without dehydration illustrated 18% (for NaOH), 46% (for NaOH-EtOH), and 91% (for H2SO4-EtOH) higher tensile strength compared to those made with dehydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghasem Mohammadkhani
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 501 90 Borås, Sweden; (G.M.); (S.K.R.); (A.M.)
| | - Sunil Kumar Ramamoorthy
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 501 90 Borås, Sweden; (G.M.); (S.K.R.); (A.M.)
| | - Karin H. Adolfsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; (K.H.A.); (M.H.)
| | - Amir Mahboubi
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 501 90 Borås, Sweden; (G.M.); (S.K.R.); (A.M.)
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; (K.H.A.); (M.H.)
| | - Akram Zamani
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 501 90 Borås, Sweden; (G.M.); (S.K.R.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
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Chemical modification
of biopolymers, before use in thermoplastic
applications, can reduce the susceptibility to open environment degradation.
We demonstrate carbon dots (CDs) as green photocatalytic triggers
that can render the common cellulose derivative, cellulose acetate
(CA), degradable under open environment relevant conditions. CD-modified
cellulose acetate (CA + CD) films were subjected to UV-A irradiation
in air and simulated sea water, and the degradation process was mapped
by multiple spectroscopic, chromatographic, and microscopy techniques.
The addition of CDs effectively catalyzed the deacetylation reaction,
the bottleneck preventing biodegradation of CA. The photocatalytically
activated degradation process led to significant weight loss, release
of small molecules, and regeneration of cellulose fibers. The weight
loss of CA + CD after 30 days of UV-A irradiation in air or simulated
sea water was 53 and 43%, respectively, while the corresponding values
for plain CA films were 12 and 4%. At the same time the weight average
molar mass of CA + CD decreased from 62,000 to 11,000 g/mol and 15,000
g/mol during UV-A irradiation in air and simulated sea water, respectively,
and the degree of substitution (DS) decreased from 2.2 to 1.6 both
in air and in water. The aging in water alone did not affect the weight
average molar mass, but the DS was decreased to 1.9. Control experiments
confirmed the generation of hydrogen peroxide when aqueous CD dispersion
was subjected to UV-A irradiation, indicating a free radical mechanism.
These results are promising for the development of products, such
as mulching films, with photocatalytically triggered environmental
degradation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Yadav
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden.,Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC), KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden
| | - Karin H Adolfsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden.,Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC), KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden
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30
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Erdal NB, Adolfsson KH, De lima S, Hakkarainen M. In vitro and in vivo effects of ophthalmic solutions on silicone hydrogel bandage lens material Senofilcon A. Clin Exp Optom 2021; 101:354-362. [DOI: 10.1111/cxo.12652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nejla B Erdal
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden,
| | - Karin H Adolfsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden,
| | - Sara De lima
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Ophthalmology and Vision, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden,
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31
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Yadav N, Hakkarainen M. Degradable or not? Cellulose acetate as a model for complicated interplay between structure, environment and degradation. Chemosphere 2021; 265:128731. [PMID: 33127118 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Degradable and/or biobased plastics are advocated as possible solution to plastic waste problem. Although mechanical and chemical recycling or energy recovery are in many cases a preferred option to regain the material value, for some applications composting is ideal. However, to more generally ensure complete degradation of plastics within a relatively short time-frame in all-natural environments would be extremely challenging, if not impossible. It is also important to keep in mind that it is the chemical structure and composition in combination with degradation environment that determines whether the plastic will degrade and within what timeframe. Biobased materials can be as stable as the petroleum-based counterparts and face the same waste-management problems. One interesting group of biobased materials are the modified biopolymer-based plastics, such as cellulose acetate (CA). How different modifications affect the inherent degradability of biopolymers is still poorly understood, which is reflected in the contradictory literature. This mirrors the complex interplay between structure-environment-degradability, where structural changes such as degree of substitution in the case of CA and changes in selected degradation environment can lead to totally different end-results and conclusions. Understanding these interactions is a fascinating scientific question. The deposition of CA based products as common surface litter makes it also question of societal and environmental interest. The purpose of this review is to summarize the existing knowledge on degradation of CA and in larger perspective highlight the complicated nature of plastic and bioplastic degradation in natural environments and the interplay between different environmental parameters and material modifications on this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Yadav
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology & Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC), Teknikringen 58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology & Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC), Teknikringen 58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
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32
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Abstract
Polyhydroxyurethane-graft-poly(ε-caprolactone) copolymers were prepared in bulk by designing a polyhydroxyurethane system with polymer-in-monomer solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Pronoitis
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- 100 44 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- 100 44 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- 100 44 Stockholm
- Sweden
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33
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Pronoitis C, Hakkarainen M, Odelius K. Long-chain polyamide covalent adaptable networks based on renewable ethylene brassylate and disulfide exchange. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00811k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Long-chain polyamide covalent adaptable networks with high strength and short relaxation times were prepared based on a renewable ethylene brassylate and disulfide exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Pronoitis
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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34
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Noè C, Hakkarainen M, Sangermano M. Cationic UV-Curing of Epoxidized Biobased Resins. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 13:E89. [PMID: 33379390 PMCID: PMC7795534 DOI: 10.3390/polym13010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epoxy resins are among the most important building blocks for fabrication of thermosets for many different applications thanks to their superior thermo-mechanical properties and chemical resistance. The recent concerns on the environmental problems and the progressive depletion of petroleum feedstocks have drawn the research interest in finding biobased alternatives. Many curing techniques can be used to obtain the final crosslinked thermoset networks. The UV-curing technology can be considered the most environmentally friendly because of the absence of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions and mild curing conditions. This review provides an overview of the state of the art of bio-based cationic UV-curable epoxy resins. Particular focus has been given to the sources of the bio-based epoxy monomers and the applications of the obtained products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Noè
- Politecnico di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, C.so Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy;
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Marco Sangermano
- Politecnico di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, C.so Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy;
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35
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Koyejo AO, Kesavan L, Damlin P, Salomäki M, Yao JG, Hakkarainen M, Kvarnström C. Cellulose‐Based Reduced Nanographene Oxide on Gold Nanoparticle Supports for CO
2
Electrocatalysis. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202001132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adefunke O. Koyejo
- Department of Chemistry Turku University Centre for Materials and Surfaces (MatSurf) University of Turku Vatselankatu 2 20014 Turku Finland
| | - Lokesh Kesavan
- Department of Chemistry Turku University Centre for Materials and Surfaces (MatSurf) University of Turku Vatselankatu 2 20014 Turku Finland
| | - Pia Damlin
- Department of Chemistry Turku University Centre for Materials and Surfaces (MatSurf) University of Turku Vatselankatu 2 20014 Turku Finland
| | - Mikko Salomäki
- Department of Chemistry Turku University Centre for Materials and Surfaces (MatSurf) University of Turku Vatselankatu 2 20014 Turku Finland
| | - Jenevieve G. Yao
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 58 10044 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 58 10044 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Carita Kvarnström
- Department of Chemistry Turku University Centre for Materials and Surfaces (MatSurf) University of Turku Vatselankatu 2 20014 Turku Finland
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36
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Melilli G, Adolfsson KH, Impagnatiello A, Rizza G, Hakkarainen M. Intriguing Carbon Flake Formation during Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization of Sodium Lignosulfonate. Glob Chall 2020; 4:1900111. [PMID: 32782821 PMCID: PMC7408046 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.201900111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Elongated carbon structures, here denoted as carbon flakes (CF), are revealed after microwave-assisted hydrothermal carbonization of sodium lignosulfonate. The morphology of formed CF is investigated by transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Interestingly, a wide range of length distributions (between 100 and 700 nm) and a relatively constant aspect ratio and thickness are observed, indicating structures clearly different from the carbon spheres commonly formed during hydrothermal carbonization of lignocellulosic biomass. Moreover, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy provide further information of the chemical structure, which consist mainly of nanographitic domains with a high degree of defects such as oxygenated functional groups, hybridized sp3 carbon, and aliphatic side chains. Furthermore, new insights into the formation mechanisms are uncovered and the formation is speculated to proceed through the combined effect of microwave irradiation and a heterogeneous solid-solid conversion. The formed CF are anticipated as highly interesting products for a variety of material applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Melilli
- Department of Fibre and Polymer TechnologyKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyTeknikringen 58SE‐100 44StockholmSweden
| | - Karin H. Adolfsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer TechnologyKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyTeknikringen 58SE‐100 44StockholmSweden
| | - Andrea Impagnatiello
- Laboratoire des Solides IradiéeEcole PolytechniqueRoute de Saclay91128PalaiseauFrance
| | - Giancarlo Rizza
- Laboratoire des Solides IradiéeEcole PolytechniqueRoute de Saclay91128PalaiseauFrance
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer TechnologyKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyTeknikringen 58SE‐100 44StockholmSweden
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37
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Adolfsson KH, Melilli G, Hakkarainen M. Oxidized Carbonized Cellulose-Coated Filters for Environmental Contaminant Adsorption and Detection. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karin H. Adolfsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 58, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Giuseppe Melilli
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 58, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 58, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
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38
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Tonda-Turo C, Carmagnola I, Chiappone A, Feng Z, Ciardelli G, Hakkarainen M, Sangermano M. Photocurable chitosan as bioink for cellularized therapies towards personalized scaffold architecture. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bprint.2020.e00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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39
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McGivney E, Cederholm L, Barth A, Hakkarainen M, Hamacher-Barth E, Ogonowski M, Gorokhova E. Rapid Physicochemical Changes in Microplastic Induced by Biofilm Formation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:205. [PMID: 32266235 PMCID: PMC7103643 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Risk assessment of microplastic (MP) pollution requires understanding biodegradation processes and related changes in polymer properties. In the environment, there are two-way interactions between the MP properties and biofilm communities: (i) microorganisms may prefer some surfaces, and (ii) MP surface properties change during the colonization and weathering. In a 2-week experiment, we studied these interactions using three model plastic beads (polyethylene [PE], polypropylene [PP], and polystyrene [PS]) exposed to ambient bacterioplankton assemblage from the Baltic Sea; the control beads were exposed to bacteria-free water. For each polymer, the physicochemical properties (compression, crystallinity, surface chemistry, hydrophobicity, and surface topography) were compared before and after exposure under controlled laboratory conditions. Furthermore, we characterized the bacterial communities on the MP surfaces using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and correlated community diversity to the physicochemical properties of the MP. Significant changes in PE crystallinity, PP stiffness, and PS maximum compression were observed as a result of exposure to bacteria. Moreover, there were significant correlations between bacterial diversity and some physicochemical characteristics (crystallinity, stiffness, and surface roughness). These changes coincided with variation in the relative abundance of unique OTUs, mostly related to the PE samples having significantly higher contribution of Sphingobium, Novosphingobium, and uncultured Planctomycetaceae compared to the other test materials, whereas PP and PS samples had significantly higher abundance of Sphingobacteriales and Alphaproteobacteria, indicating possible involvement of these taxa in the initial biodegradation steps. Our findings demonstrate measurable signs of MP weathering under short-term exposure to environmentally relevant microbial communities at conditions resembling those in the water column. A systematic approach for the characterization of the biodegrading capacity in different systems will improve the risk assessment of plastic litter in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric McGivney
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linnea Cederholm
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas Barth
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Martin Ogonowski
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elena Gorokhova
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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40
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Abstract
Thermoplastic "all-cellulose" composites were synthesized by covalent functionalization of cellulose acetate (CA) with oxidized carbonized cellulose (OCC). The OCC were manufactured via microwave-assisted hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of cellulose followed by oxidation and dialysis. The OCC were of micrometer-size, had plane morphology and contained a variety of oxygen functionalities, enabling transformation into acyl chlorinated OCC under moderate reaction conditions. The synthesis of OCC-modified CA composites and neat CA were performed in the recyclable ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride. The degree of acetylation and amount of OCC were varied to establish their influence on thermal and physical properties of the composites. The OCC-modified CA composites displayed a notably enhanced film-forming ability, which led to improved optical and mechanical properties compared to neat CA. In addition, it was shown that OCC-modified CA composites can be synthesized from waste products, such as paper tissues. The OCC-modification was demonstrated to be a promising route to transparent and strong thermoplastic "all-cellulose" composites with moderate flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotta H Gustavsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin H Adolfsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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41
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Rahimi-Aghdam T, Shariatinia Z, Hakkarainen M, Haddadi-Asl V. Nitrogen and phosphorous doped graphene quantum dots: Excellent flame retardants and smoke suppressants for polyacrylonitrile nanocomposites. J Hazard Mater 2020; 381:121013. [PMID: 31442693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N-GQD) as well as nitrogen and phosphorous co-doped (NP-GQD) graphene quantum dots were demonstrated as novel, low cost, green and highly effective flame retardants and smoke suppressants for polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanocomposites. The N-GQD and NP-GQD samples were synthesized by hydrothermal method with citric acid as the main reactant. For the first time, the flame retardant and smoke suppressant properties of the NP-GQD were studied. The GQDs were introduced into PAN by solvent blending route. Subsequently, thermal stability, flame retardancy, fire behavior, fire hazard and structure of the residual char were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), UL-94 vertical burning test, cone calorimetry, FE-SEM, and Raman spectroscopy. Results showed that both PAN/N-GQD and PAN/NP-GQD nanocomposites had higher flame retardancy and smoke suppressant behavior in addition to lower fire hazard properties than neat PAN. Furthermore, the residual chars for the nanocomposite samples were increased in comparison to the neat PAN. The improvements were even more significant in case of the PAN/NP-GQD due to the synergistic effect of nitrogen and phosphorous. The improvements were mainly ascribed to the ability of the N-GQD and NP-GQD to provide stronger and larger protective char barrier layers, which was even more pronounced in case of the NP-GQD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taher Rahimi-Aghdam
- Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Shariatinia
- Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vahid Haddadi-Asl
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran
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42
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Abstract
Extending the use of natural δ-lactones in circular materials via a synthetic strategy yielding thermodynamically stable polyesters with triggered recyclability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Cederholm
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center
- WWSC
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- 100 44 Stockholm
| | - Peter Olsén
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center
- WWSC
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- 100 44 Stockholm
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center
- WWSC
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- 100 44 Stockholm
| | - Karin Odelius
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center
- WWSC
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- 100 44 Stockholm
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43
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Yadav A, Erdal NB, Hakkarainen M, Nandan B, Srivastava RK. Cellulose-Derived Nanographene Oxide Reinforced Macroporous Scaffolds of High Internal Phase Emulsion-Templated Cross-Linked Poly(ε-caprolactone). Biomacromolecules 2019; 21:589-596. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anilkumar Yadav
- Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Nejla B. Erdal
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Bhanu Nandan
- Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Rajiv K. Srivastava
- Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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44
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Rahimi-Aghdam T, Shariatinia Z, Hakkarainen M, Haddadi-Asl V. Polyacrylonitrile/N,P co-doped graphene quantum dots-layered double hydroxide nanocomposite: Flame retardant property, thermal stability and fire hazard. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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45
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Alongi J, Ferruti P, Manfredi A, Carosio F, Feng Z, Hakkarainen M, Ranucci E. Superior flame retardancy of cotton by synergetic effect of cellulose-derived nano-graphene oxide carbon dots and disulphide-containing polyamidoamines. Polym Degrad Stab 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.108993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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46
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Bianchi F, Agazzi S, Riboni N, Erdal N, Hakkarainen M, Ilag LL, Anzillotti L, Andreoli R, Marezza F, Moroni F, Cecchi R, Careri M. Novel sample-substrates for the determination of new psychoactive substances in oral fluid by desorption electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry. Talanta 2019; 202:136-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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47
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Pronoitis C, Hua G, Hakkarainen M, Odelius K. Biobased Polyamide Thermosets: From a Facile One-Step Synthesis to Strong and Flexible Materials. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Pronoitis
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Geng Hua
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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48
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Feng Z, Hakkarainen M, Grützmacher H, Chiappone A, Sangermano M. Photocrosslinked Chitosan Hydrogels Reinforced with Chitosan‐Derived Nano‐Graphene Oxide. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxuan Feng
- The Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology Teknikringen 56–58 10044 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- The Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology Teknikringen 56–58 10044 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Hansjörg Grützmacher
- ETH ZürichDepartment for Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Vladimir‐Prelog‐Weg 1 CH 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Annalisa Chiappone
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e TecnologiaPolitecnico di Torino C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Torino Italy
| | - Marco Sangermano
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e TecnologiaPolitecnico di Torino C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Torino Italy
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49
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Sollami Delekta S, Adolfsson KH, Benyahia Erdal N, Hakkarainen M, Östling M, Li J. Fully inkjet printed ultrathin microsupercapacitors based on graphene electrodes and a nano-graphene oxide electrolyte. Nanoscale 2019; 11:10172-10177. [PMID: 31107494 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr01427f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The advance of miniaturized and low-power electronics has a striking impact on the development of energy storage devices with constantly tougher constraints in terms of form factor and performance. Microsupercapacitors (MSCs) are considered a potential solution to this problem, thanks to their compact device structure. Great efforts have been made to maximize their performance with new materials like graphene and to minimize their production cost with scalable fabrication processes. In this regard, we developed a full inkjet printing process for the production of all-graphene microsupercapacitors with electrodes based on electrochemically exfoliated graphene and an ultrathin solid-state electrolyte based on nano-graphene oxide. The devices exploit the high ionic conductivity of nano-graphene oxide coupled with the high electrical conductivity of graphene films, yielding areal capacitances of up to 313 μF cm-2 at 5 mV s-1 and high power densities of up to ∼4 mW cm-3 with an overall device thickness of only ∼1 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon Sollami Delekta
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Division of Electronics, Electrum 229, SE-164 40 Kista, Sweden.
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Feng Z, Danjo T, Odelius K, Hakkarainen M, Iwata T, Albertsson AC. Recyclable Fully Biobased Chitosan Adsorbents Spray-Dried in One Pot to Microscopic Size and Enhanced Adsorption Capacity. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:1956-1964. [PMID: 30920203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A facile one-pot spray-drying process was developed for fabrication and in situ crosslinking of chitosan microspheres to improve the adsorption capacity by microscopic design. A fully biobased nature was achieved by utilizing genipin (GP) as a crosslinking agent and chitosan-derived nanographene oxide (nGO) as a property tuner. The produced chitosan microspheres were further proven as powerful adsorbents for common wastewater contaminants such as anionic dyes and pharmaceutical contaminants, here modeled by methyl orange (MO) and diclofenac sodium (DCF). By regulating the amount of GP and nGO, as well as by controlling the process parameters including the spray-drying inlet temperature and postheat treatment, the surface morphology, size, zeta potential, and adsorption efficiency of the microspheres could be tuned accordingly. The adsorption efficiency for MO and DCF reached 98.9 and 100%, respectively. The microspheres retained high DCF adsorption efficiency after six adsorption and desorption cycles, and the recyclability was improved by the incorporated nGO. The fabricated microspheres, thus, have great potential as reusable and eco-friendly adsorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxuan Feng
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 58 , 10044 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Takahiro Danjo
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 58 , 10044 Stockholm , Sweden.,Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 1-1-1 Yayoi , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657 , Japan
| | - Karin Odelius
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 58 , 10044 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 58 , 10044 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Tadahisa Iwata
- Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 1-1-1 Yayoi , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657 , Japan
| | - Ann-Christine Albertsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 58 , 10044 Stockholm , Sweden
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