1
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Marcos Celada L, Martín J, Dvinskikh SV, Olsén P. Fully Bio-Based Ionic Liquids for Green Chemical Modification of Cellulose in the Activated-State. ChemSusChem 2024; 17:e202301233. [PMID: 37792278 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Biopolymers, especially cellulose, are vital to transitioning to a circular economy and reducing our reliance on fossil fuels. However, for many applications a high degree of cellulose hydroxyl modification is necessary. The challenge is that the chemical features of the hydroxyls of cellulose and water are similar. Therefore, chemical modification of cellulose is often explored under non-aqueous conditions with systems that result in high hydroxyl accessibility and reduce cellulose aggregation. Unfortunately, these systems depend on hazardous and complex solvents from fossil resources, which diverge from the initial sustainability objectives. To address this, we developed three new betaine-based ionic liquids that are fully bio-based, scalable, and green. We found that a specific ionic liquid had the perfect chemical features for the chemical activation of cellulose without disturbing its crystalline ordering. The high activation in heterogeneous conditions was exemplified by reacting cellulose with succinic anhydride, resulting in more than 30 % conversion of all hydroxyls on cellulose. Overall, this work opens new perspectives for the derivatization of cellulosic materials while simultaneously "keeping it green".
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Marcos Celada
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Judith Martín
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sergey V Dvinskikh
- Department of chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Olsén
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
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2
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Liu Y, Olsén P, Qi H. Passerini three-component reaction for the synthesis of saccharide branched cellulose. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127367. [PMID: 37839610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we investigate a multicomponent synthetic method for combining saccharides with cellulose to produce saccharide branched cellulose (b-Cel). First, cellulose is modified conventionally using carboxymethyl to create carboxyl functional groups for multicomponent reactions. The Passerini three-component reaction (Passerini-3CR) is then used to synthesize the saccharide b-Cel, with particular attention paid to the scope of the substrate and reaction process optimization. The structure of saccharide b-Cel is regulated by modifying the carboxyl group of cellulose molecules, the kind of saccharide molecules (including glucose, galactose, lactose, cellobiose, and cellulose), and the degree of branching. The branched structure of saccharide b-Cel greatly influenced its rheological characteristics and solubility. This work presents a practical method for the synthesis of artificial branching polysaccharides and is crucial for the development of innovative materials based on biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510641 Guangzhou, China
| | - Peter Olsén
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Haisong Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510641 Guangzhou, China.
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3
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Alexakis AE, Ayyachi T, Mousa M, Olsén P, Malmström E. 2-Methoxy-4-Vinylphenol as a Biobased Monomer Precursor for Thermoplastics and Thermoset Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092168. [PMID: 37177314 PMCID: PMC10181207 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
To address the increasing demand for biobased materials, lignin-derived ferulic acid (FA) is a promising candidate. In this study, an FA-derived styrene-like monomer, referred to as 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol (MVP), was used as the platform to prepare functional monomers for radical polymerizations. Hydrophobic biobased monomers derived from MVP were polymerized via solution and emulsion polymerization resulting in homo- and copolymers with a wide range of thermal properties, thus showcasing their potential in thermoplastic applications. Moreover, divinylbenzene (DVB)-like monomers were prepared from MVP by varying the aliphatic chain length between the MVP units. These biobased monomers were thermally crosslinked with thiol-bearing reagents to produce thermosets with different crosslinking densities in order to demonstrate their thermosetting applications. The results of this study expand the scope of MVP-derived monomers that can be used in free-radical polymerizations toward the preparation of new biobased and functional materials from lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros E Alexakis
- Division of Coating Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thayanithi Ayyachi
- Division of Coating Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maryam Mousa
- Division of Coating Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Olsén
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Biocomposites, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Malmström
- Division of Coating Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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4
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Montanari C, Chen H, Lidfeldt M, Gunnarsson J, Olsén P, Berglund LA. Sustainable Thermal Energy Batteries from Fully Bio-Based Transparent Wood. Small 2023:e2301262. [PMID: 36970834 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The sustainable development of functional energy-saving building materials is important for reducing thermal energy consumption and promoting natural indoor lighting. Phase-change materials embedded in wood-based materials are candidates for thermal energy storage. However, the renewable resource content is usually insufficient, the energy storage and mechanical properties are poor, and the sustainability aspect is unexplored. Here a novel fully bio-based transparent wood (TW) biocomposite for thermal energy storage, combining excellent heat storage properties, tunable optical transmittance, and mechanical performance is introduced. A bio-based matrix based on a synthesized limonene acrylate monomer and renewable 1-dodecanol is impregnated and in situ polymerized within mesoporous wood substrates. The TW demonstrates high latent heat (89 J g-1 ) exceeding commercial gypsum panels, combined with thermo-responsive optical transmittance (up to 86%) and mechanical strength up to 86 MPa. The life cycle assessment shows that the bio-based TW has a 39% lower environmental impact than transparent polycarbonate panels. The bio-based TW holds great potential as scalable and sustainable transparent heat storage solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Montanari
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
| | - Matilda Lidfeldt
- IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Gothenburg, 400 14, Sweden
| | - Josefin Gunnarsson
- IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Gothenburg, 400 14, Sweden
| | - Peter Olsén
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
| | - Lars A Berglund
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
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5
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Subbotina E, Ram F, Dvinskikh SV, Berglund LA, Olsén P. Aqueous synthesis of highly functional, hydrophobic, and chemically recyclable cellulose nanomaterials through oxime ligation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6924. [PMID: 36376337 PMCID: PMC9663568 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34697-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose nanofibril (CNF) materials are candidates for the sustainable development of high mechanical performance nanomaterials. Due to inherent hydrophilicity and limited functionality range, most applications require chemical modification of CNF. However, targeted transformations directly on CNF are cumbersome due to the propensity of CNF to aggregate in non-aqueous solvents at high concentrations, complicating the choice of suitable reagents and requiring tedious separations of the final product. This work addresses this challenge by developing a general, entirely water-based, and experimentally simple methodology for functionalizing CNF, providing aliphatic, allylic, propargylic, azobenzylic, and substituted benzylic functional groups. The first step is NaIO4 oxidation to dialdehyde-CNF in the wet cake state, followed by oxime ligation with O-substituted hydroxylamines. The increased hydrolytic stability of oximes removes the need for reductive stabilization as often required for the analogous imines where aldehyde groups react with amines in water. Overall, the process provides a tailored degree of nanofibril functionalization (2-4.5 mmol/g) with the possible reversible detachment of the functionality under mildly acidic conditions, resulting in the reformation of dialdehyde CNF. The modified CNF materials were assessed for potential applications in green electronics and triboelectric nanogenerators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Subbotina
- grid.5037.10000000121581746Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Farsa Ram
- grid.5037.10000000121581746Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sergey V. Dvinskikh
- grid.5037.10000000121581746Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars A. Berglund
- grid.5037.10000000121581746Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Olsén
- grid.5037.10000000121581746Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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6
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Oliaei E, Olsén P, Lindström T, Berglund LA. Highly reinforced and degradable lignocellulose biocomposites by polymerization of new polyester oligomers. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5666. [PMID: 36167843 PMCID: PMC9515094 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33283-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Unbleached wood fibers and nanofibers are environmentally friendly bio-based candidates for material production, in particular, as reinforcements in polymer matrix biocomposites due to their low density and potential as carbon sink during the materials production phase. However, producing high reinforcement content biocomposites with degradable or chemically recyclable matrices is troublesome. Here, we address this issue with a new concept for facile and scalable in-situ polymerization of polyester matrices based on functionally balanced oligomers in pre-formed lignocellulosic networks. The idea enabled us to create high reinforcement biocomposites with well-dispersed mechanically undamaged fibers or nanocellulose. These degradable biocomposites have much higher mechanical properties than analogs in the literature. Reinforcement geometry (fibers at 30 µm or fibrils at 10–1000 nm diameter) influenced the polymerization and degradation of the polyester matrix. Overall, this work opens up new pathways toward environmentally benign materials in the context of a circular bioeconomy. Cellulose biocomposites from nanocellulose or plant fibers with polymer matrix are often not degradable and suffer from insufficient mechanical properties to replace established materials. Here, the authors demonstrate the fabrication of hydrolytically degradable polymers through in-situ polymerization of new functionally balanced oligomers within high-content lignocellulose reinforcement networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erfan Oliaei
- RISE Bioeconomy and health, Stockholm, Sweden.,Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Olsén
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | - Lars A Berglund
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
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7
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Cederholm L, Wohlert J, Olsén P, Hakkarainen M, Odelius K. Back Cover: “Like Recycles Like”: Selective Ring‐Closing Depolymerization of Poly(L‐Lactic Acid) to L‐Lactide (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 33/2022). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Cederholm
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jakob Wohlert
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Peter Olsén
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
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8
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Cederholm L, Wohlert J, Olsén P, Hakkarainen M, Odelius K. “Like Recycles Like”: Selective Ring‐Closing Depolymerization of Poly(L‐Lactic Acid) to L‐Lactide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204531. [PMID: 35582840 PMCID: PMC9541399 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chemical recycling of poly(L‐lactic acid) to the cyclic monomer L‐lactide is hampered by low selectivity and by epimerization and elimination reactions, impeding its use on a large scale. The high number of side reactions originates from the high ceiling temperature (Tc) of L‐lactide, which necessitates high temperatures or multistep reactions to achieve recycling to L‐lactide. To circumvent this issue, we utilized the impact of solvent interactions on the monomer–polymer equilibrium to decrease the Tc of L‐lactide. Analyzing the observed Tc in different solvents in relation to their Hildebrand solubility parameter revealed a “like recycles like” relationship. The decreased Tc, obtained by selecting solvents that interact strongly with the monomer (dimethyl formamide or the green solvent γ‐valerolactone), allowed chemical recycling of high‐molecular‐weight poly(L‐lactic acid) directly to L‐lactide, within 1–4 h at 140 °C, with >95 % conversion and 98–99 % selectivity. Recycled L‐lactide was isolated and repolymerized with high control over molecular weight and dispersity, closing the polymer loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Cederholm
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jakob Wohlert
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Peter Olsén
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
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9
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Cederholm L, Wohlert J, Olsén P, Hakkarainen M, Odelius K. Like Recycles Like: Selective Ring‐Closing Depolymerization of Poly(L–Lactic Acid) to L–Lactide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Cederholm
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jakob Wohlert
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Peter Olsén
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
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10
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Cederholm L, Wohlert J, Olsén P, Hakkarainen M, Odelius K. “Like Recycles Like”: Selective Ring‐Closing Depolymerization of Poly(L‐Lactic Acid) to L‐Lactide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Cederholm
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jakob Wohlert
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Peter Olsén
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology Teknikringen 56–58 100 44 Stockholm Sweden
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11
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Huang J, Olsén P, Svensson Grape E, Inge AK, Odelius K. Simple Approach to Macrocyclic Carbonates with Fast Polymerization Rates and Their Polymer-to-Monomer Regeneration. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Huang
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Olsén
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Svensson Grape
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A. Ken Inge
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
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12
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Stamm A, Öhlin J, Mosbech C, Olsén P, Guo B, Söderberg E, Biundo A, Fogelström L, Bhattacharyya S, Bornscheuer UT, Malmström E, Syrén PO. Pinene-Based Oxidative Synthetic Toolbox for Scalable Polyester Synthesis. JACS Au 2021; 1:1949-1960. [PMID: 34849510 PMCID: PMC8620555 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Generation of renewable polymers is a long-standing goal toward reaching a more sustainable society, but building blocks in biomass can be incompatible with desired polymerization type, hampering the full implementation potential of biomaterials. Herein, we show how conceptually simple oxidative transformations can be used to unlock the inherent reactivity of terpene synthons in generating polyesters by two different mechanisms starting from the same α-pinene substrate. In the first pathway, α-pinene was oxidized into the bicyclic verbanone-based lactone and subsequently polymerized into star-shaped polymers via ring-opening polymerization, resulting in a biobased semicrystalline polyester with tunable glass transition and melting temperatures. In a second pathway, polyesters were synthesized via polycondensation, utilizing the diol 1-(1'-hydroxyethyl)-3-(2'-hydroxy-ethyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclobutane (HHDC) synthesized by oxidative cleavage of the double bond of α-pinene, together with unsaturated biobased diesters such as dimethyl maleate (DMM) and dimethyl itaconate (DMI). The resulting families of terpene-based polyesters were thereafter successfully cross-linked by either transetherification, utilizing the terminal hydroxyl groups of the synthesized verbanone-based materials, or by UV irradiation, utilizing the unsaturation provided by the DMM or DMI moieties within the HHDC-based copolymers. This work highlights the potential to apply an oxidative toolbox to valorize inert terpene metabolites enabling generation of biosourced polyesters and coatings thereof by complementary mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Stamm
- School
of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Division of Coating Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johannes Öhlin
- School
of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Division of Coating Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Caroline Mosbech
- School
of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Division of Coating Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Olsén
- School
of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Division of Coating Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Boyang Guo
- School
of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science
for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, Tomtebodavägen
23, Box 1031, SE-171 21 Solna, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Söderberg
- School
of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science
for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, Tomtebodavägen
23, Box 1031, SE-171 21 Solna, Sweden
| | - Antonino Biundo
- School
of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science
for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, Tomtebodavägen
23, Box 1031, SE-171 21 Solna, Sweden
| | - Linda Fogelström
- School
of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Division of Coating Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- School
of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, Stockholm SE-100 44 Sweden
| | | | - Uwe T. Bornscheuer
- Department
of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis, University
of Greifswald, Institute of Biochemistry, Felix-Hausdorff-Strasse 4, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Eva Malmström
- School
of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Division of Coating Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- School
of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, Stockholm SE-100 44 Sweden
| | - Per-Olof Syrén
- School
of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Division of Coating Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- School
of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science
for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, Tomtebodavägen
23, Box 1031, SE-171 21 Solna, Sweden
- School
of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, Stockholm SE-100 44 Sweden
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13
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Sridhara PK, Masso F, Olsén P, Vilaseca F. Strong Polyamide-6 Nanocomposites with Cellulose Nanofibers Mediated by Green Solvent Mixtures. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:nano11082127. [PMID: 34443955 PMCID: PMC8401965 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) as a bio-based reinforcement has attracted tremendous interests in engineering polymer composites. This study developed a sustainable approach to reinforce polyamide-6 or nylon-6 (PA6) with CNFs through solvent casting in formic acid/water mixtures. The methodology provides an energy-efficient pathway towards well-dispersed high-CNF content PA6 biocomposites. Nanocomposite formulations up to 50 wt.% of CNFs were prepared, and excellent improvements in the tensile properties were observed, with an increase in the elastic modulus from 1.5 to 4.2 GPa, and in the tensile strength from 46.3 to 124 MPa. The experimental tensile values were compared with the analytical values obtained by micromechanical models. Fractured surfaces were observed using scanning electron microscopy to examine the interface morphology. FTIR revealed strong hydrogen bonding at the interface, and the thermal parameters were determined using TGA and DSC, where the nanocomposites' crystallinity tended to reduce with the increase in the CNF content. In addition, nanocomposites showed good thermomechanical stability for all formulations. Overall, this work provides a facile fabrication pathway for high-CNF content nanocomposites of PA6 for high-performance and advanced material applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pruthvi K. Sridhara
- Advanced Biomaterials and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain;
| | - Ferran Masso
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden; (F.M.); (P.O.)
| | - Peter Olsén
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden; (F.M.); (P.O.)
| | - Fabiola Vilaseca
- Advanced Biomaterials and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-667-292-597
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14
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Montanari C, Olsén P, Berglund LA. Sustainable Wood Nanotechnologies for Wood Composites Processed by In-Situ Polymerization. Front Chem 2021; 9:682883. [PMID: 34277566 PMCID: PMC8281292 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.682883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of large, multifunctional structures from sustainable wood nanomaterials is challenging. The need to improve mechanical performance, reduce moisture sensitivity, and add new functionalities, provides motivation for nanostructural tailoring. Although existing wood composites are commercially successful, materials development has not targeted nano-structural control of the wood cell wall, which could extend the property range. For sustainable development, non-toxic reactants, green chemistry and processing, lowered cumulative energy requirements, and lowered CO2-emissions are important targets. Here, modified wood substrates in the form of veneer are suggested as nanomaterial components for large, load-bearing structures. Examples include polymerization of bio-based monomers inside the cell wall, green chemistry wood modification, and addition of functional inorganic nanoparticles inside the cell wall. The perspective aims to describe bio-based polymers and green processing concepts for this purpose, along with wood nanoscience challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lars A. Berglund
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Montanari C, Ogawa Y, Olsén P, Berglund LA. High Performance, Fully Bio-Based, and Optically Transparent Wood Biocomposites. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2021; 8:2100559. [PMID: 34194952 PMCID: PMC8224414 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The sustainable development of engineering biocomposites has been limited due to a lack of bio-based monomers combining favorable processing with high performance. Here, the authors report a novel and fully bio-based transparent wood biocomposite based on green synthesis of a new limonene acrylate monomer from renewable resources. The monomer is impregnated and readily polymerized in a delignified, succinylated wood substrate to form optically transparent biocomposites. The chemical structure of the limonene acrylate enables diffusion into the cell wall, and the polymer phase is both refractive index-matched and covalently linked to the wood substrate. This results in nanostructured biocomposites combining an excellent optical transmittance of 90% at 1.2 mm thickness and a remarkably low haze of 30%, with a high mechanical performance (strength 174 MPa, Young's modulus 17 GPa). Bio-based transparent wood holds great potential towards the development of sustainable wood nanotechnologies for structural applications, where transparency and mechanical performance are combined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Montanari
- Department of Fibre and Polymer TechnologyWallenberg Wood Science CenterKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyTeknikringen 56Stockholm10044Sweden
| | - Yu Ogawa
- Université Grenoble AlpesCNRSCERMAVGrenoble38000France
| | - Peter Olsén
- Department of Fibre and Polymer TechnologyWallenberg Wood Science CenterKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyTeknikringen 56Stockholm10044Sweden
| | - Lars A. Berglund
- Department of Fibre and Polymer TechnologyWallenberg Wood Science CenterKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyTeknikringen 56Stockholm10044Sweden
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16
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Kivijärvi T, Pappalardo D, Olsén P, Finne-Wistrand A. Inclusion of isolated α-amino acids along the polylactide chain through organocatalytic ring-opening copolymerization. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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17
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Yang X, Reid MS, Olsén P, Berglund LA. Eco-Friendly Cellulose Nanofibrils Designed by Nature: Effects from Preserving Native State. ACS Nano 2020; 14:724-735. [PMID: 31886646 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b07659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) show high modulus and strength and are already used in industrial applications. Mechanical properties of neat CNF films or CNF-polymer matrix nanocomposites are usually much better than for polymer matrix composite films reinforced by clay, graphene, graphene oxide, or carbon nanotubes. In order to obtain small CNF diameter and colloidal stability, chemical modification has so far been necessary, but this increases cost and reduces eco-friendly attributes. In this study, an unmodified holocellulose CNF (Holo-CNF) with small diameter is obtained from mildly peracetic acid delignified wood fibers. CNF is readily defibrillated by low-energy kitchen blender processing. The hemicellulose coating on individual fibrils in the wood plant cell wall is largely preserved in Holo-CNF. This "native" CNF shows well-preserved native fibril structure in terms of length (∼2.1 μm), diameter (<5 nm), high crystallinity, high cellulose molar mass, electronegative charge, and limited mechanical processing damage. The hemicellulose coating contributes mechanical properties and high optical transmittance for CNF nanopaper, which can otherwise only be achieved with chemically modified CNFs. The CNF nanopaper shows superior mechanical properties with a Young's modulus of 21 GPa and an ultimate strength of 320 MPa. Moreover, hemicellulose imparts recyclability from the dried state. Altogether, this native CNF represents a class of colloidally stable, eco-friendly, low-cost CNF of small diameter for large-scale applications of nanopaper and nanomaterials.
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18
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Olsén P, Herrera N, Berglund LA. Toward Biocomposites Recycling: Localized Interphase Degradation in PCL-Cellulose Biocomposites and its Mitigation. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:1795-1801. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Olsén
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natalia Herrera
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars A. Berglund
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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19
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Abstract
Extending the use of natural δ-lactones in circular materials via a synthetic strategy yielding thermodynamically stable polyesters with triggered recyclability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Cederholm
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center
- WWSC
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- 100 44 Stockholm
| | - Peter Olsén
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center
- WWSC
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- 100 44 Stockholm
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center
- WWSC
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- 100 44 Stockholm
| | - Karin Odelius
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center
- WWSC
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- 100 44 Stockholm
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20
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Olsén P, Herrera N, Berglund LA. Polymer Grafting Inside Wood Cellulose Fibers by Improved Hydroxyl Accessibility from Fiber Swelling. Biomacromolecules 2019; 21:597-603. [PMID: 31769663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chemical modification of wood cellulose fibers is important for tailored wood-polymer interfaces, reduced moisture sorption, and novel grades of chemical wood pulp. The present study shows how the reaction solvent system influences hydroxyl accessibility during chemical fiber modification. Surface initiated ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone from wood cellulose fibers was investigated in a wide range of solvent systems. The hydrogen bond donor strength of the solvent increased graft density and the amount of grafted polycaprolactone (PCL) on the fiber surface, and on nanoscale fibrils inside the fiber. Specifically, the reaction system with acetic acid as a new, green solvent for cellulose grafting increased graft density 24 times compared to bulk polymerization conditions. The results show relationships between solvent properties, hydroxyl accessibility, and grafting results in cellulosic plant fibers. The study clarifies the opportunities provided by controlling the interior of the cellulosic plant fiber cell wall during chemical modification so that the fiber becomes a swollen cellulose nanofibril gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Olsén
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 56-58 , 100 44 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Natalia Herrera
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 56-58 , 100 44 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Lars A Berglund
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, WWSC, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 56-58 , 100 44 Stockholm , Sweden
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21
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Stamm A, Biundo A, Schmidt B, Brücher J, Lundmark S, Olsén P, Fogelström L, Malmström E, Bornscheuer UT, Syrén PO. A Retro-biosynthesis-Based Route to Generate Pinene-Derived Polyesters. Chembiochem 2019; 20:1664-1671. [PMID: 30793830 PMCID: PMC6618282 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Significantly increased production of biobased polymers is a prerequisite to replace petroleum‐based materials towards reaching a circular bioeconomy. However, many renewable building blocks from wood and other plant material are not directly amenable for polymerization, due to their inert backbones and/or lack of functional group compatibility with the desired polymerization type. Based on a retro‐biosynthetic analysis of polyesters, a chemoenzymatic route from (−)‐α‐pinene towards a verbanone‐based lactone, which is further used in ring‐opening polymerization, is presented. Generated pinene‐derived polyesters showed elevated degradation and glass transition temperatures, compared with poly(ϵ‐decalactone), which lacks a ring structure in its backbone. Semirational enzyme engineering of the cyclohexanone monooxygenase from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus enabled the biosynthesis of the key lactone intermediate for the targeted polyester. As a proof of principle, one enzyme variant identified from screening in a microtiter plate was used in biocatalytic upscaling, which afforded the bicyclic lactone in 39 % conversion in shake flask scale reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Stamm
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden.,KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Tomtebodavägen 23, Box 1031, 171 21 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonino Biundo
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden.,KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Tomtebodavägen 23, Box 1031, 171 21 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn Schmidt
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden.,KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Tomtebodavägen 23, Box 1031, 171 21 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jörg Brücher
- Holmen AB, Development, 89180, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Stefan Lundmark
- Perstorp AB, Innovation, Perstorp Industrial Park, 284 80, Perstorp, Sweden
| | - Peter Olsén
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linda Fogelström
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden.,Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Teknikringen 56-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Malmström
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden.,Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Teknikringen 56-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Uwe T Bornscheuer
- Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, Universität Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Strasse 4, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Per-Olof Syrén
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 56-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden.,KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Tomtebodavägen 23, Box 1031, 171 21 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Division of Protein Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23, Box 1031, 171 21 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Teknikringen 56-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
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22
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Olsén P, Undin J, Odelius K, Keul H, Albertsson AC. Correction to “Switching from Controlled Ring-Opening Polymerization (cROP) to Controlled Ring-Closing Depolymerization (cRCDP) by Adjusting the Reaction Parameters That Determine the Ceiling Temperature”. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:4710. [PMID: 30406987 PMCID: PMC6290390 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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23
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Hua G, Olsén P, Franzén J, Odelius K. Anionic polycondensation and equilibrium driven monomer formation of cyclic aliphatic carbonates. RSC Adv 2018; 8:39022-39028. [PMID: 35558332 PMCID: PMC9090641 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08219g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The current work explores the sodium hydride mediated polycondensation of aliphatic diols with diethyl carbonate to produce both aliphatic polycarbonates and cyclic carbonate monomers. The lengths of the diol dictate the outcome of the reaction; for ethylene glycol and seven other 1,3-diols with a wide array of substitution patterns, the corresponding 5-membered and 6-membered cyclic carbonates were synthesized in excellent yield (70-90%) on a 100 gram scale. Diols with longer alkyl chains, under the same conditions, yielded polycarbonates with an M w ranging from 5000 to 16 000. In all cases, the macromolecular architecture revealed that the formed polymer consisted purely of carbonate linkages, without decarboxylation as a side reaction. The synthetic design is completely solvent-free without any additional post purification steps and without the necessity of reactive ring-closing reagents. The results presented within provide a green and scalable approach to synthesize both cyclic carbonate monomers and polycarbonates with possible applications within the entire field of polymer technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Hua
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden +46-8-790-80-76
| | - Peter Olsén
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden +46-8-790-80-76
| | - Johan Franzén
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden +46-8-790-80-76
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24
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Olsén P, Undin J, Odelius K, Keul H, Albertsson AC. Switching from Controlled Ring-Opening Polymerization (cROP) to Controlled Ring-Closing Depolymerization (cRCDP) by Adjusting the Reaction Parameters That Determine the Ceiling Temperature. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3995-4002. [PMID: 27783494 PMCID: PMC5155308 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Full control over the ceiling temperature (Tc) enables a selective transition between the monomeric and polymeric state. This is exemplified by the conversion of the monomer 2-allyloxymethyl-2-ethyl-trimethylene carbonate (AOMEC) to poly(AOMEC) and back to AOMEC within 10 h by controlling the reaction from conditions that favor ring-opening polymerization (Tc > T0) (where T0 is the reaction temperature) to conditions that favor ring-closing depolymerization (Tc < T0). The ring-closing depolymerization (RCDP) mirrors the polymerization behavior with a clear relation between the monomer concentration and the molecular weight of the polymer, indicating that RCDP occurs at the chain end. The Tc of the polymerization system is highly dependent on the nature of the solvent, for example, in toluene, the Tc of AOMEC is 234 °C and in acetonitrile Tc = 142 °C at the same initial monomer concentration of 2 M. The control over the monomer to polymer equilibrium sets new standards for the selective degradation of polymers, the controlled release of active components, monomer synthesis and material recycling. In particular, the knowledge of the monomer to polymer equilibrium of polymers in solution under selected environmental conditions is of paramount importance for in vivo applications, where the polymer chain is subjected to both high dilution and a high polarity medium in the presence of catalysts, that is, very different conditions from which the polymer was formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Olsén
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Undin
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helmut Keul
- Institute
of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University and DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive
Materials, Forckenbeckstrasse
50, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ann-Christine Albertsson
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
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25
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26
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Abstract
The need for polymers for high-end applications, coupled with the desire to mimic nature's macromolecular machinery fuels the development of innovative synthetic strategies every year. The recently acquired macromolecular-synthetic tools increase the precision and enable the synthesis of polymers with high control and low dispersity. However, regardless of the specificity, the polymerization behavior is highly dependent on the monomeric structure. This is particularly true for the ring-opening polymerization of lactones, in which the ring size and degree of substitution highly influence the polymer formation properties. In other words, there are two important factors to contemplate when considering the particular polymerization behavior of a specific monomer: catalytic specificity and thermodynamic equilibrium behavior. This perspective focuses on the latter and undertakes a holistic approach among the different lactones with regard to the equilibrium thermodynamic polymerization behavior and its relation to polymer synthesis. This is summarized in a monomeric overview diagram that acts as a presynthetic directional cursor for synthesizing highly specific macromolecules; the means by which monomer equilibrium conversion relates to starting temperature, concentration, ring size, degree of substitution, and its implications for polymerization behavior are discussed. These discussions emphasize the importance of considering not only the catalytic system but also the monomer size and structure relations to thermodynamic equilibrium behavior. The thermodynamic equilibrium behavior relation with a monomer structure offers an additional layer of complexity to our molecular toolbox and, if it is harnessed accordingly, enables a powerful route to both monomer formation and intentional macromolecular design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Olsén
- Department of Fibre and Polymer
Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Department of Fibre and Polymer
Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Christine Albertsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer
Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
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27
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Undin J, Olsén P, Godfrey J, Odelius K, Albertsson AC. Controlled copolymerization of the functional 5-membered lactone monomer, α-bromo-γ-butyrolactone, via selective organocatalysis. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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28
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Olsén P, Odelius K, Keul H, Albertsson AC. Macromolecular Design via an Organocatalytic, Monomer-Specific and Temperature-Dependent "On/Off Switch". High Precision Synthesis of Polyester/Polycarbonate Multiblock Copolymers. Macromolecules 2015; 48:1703-1710. [PMID: 26294800 PMCID: PMC4535708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The employment of a monomer-specific "on/off switch" was used to synthesize a nine-block copolymer with a predetermined molecular weight and narrow distribution (Đ = 1.26) in only 2.5 h. The monomers consisted of a six-membered cyclic carbonate (i.e., 2-allyloxymethyl-2-ethyl-trimethylene carbonate (AOMEC)) and ε-caprolactone (εCL), which were catalyzed by 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]-dec-5-ene (TBD). The dependence of polymerization rate with temperature was different for the two monomers. Under similar reaction conditions, the ratio of the apparent rate constant of AOMEC and εCL [kpapp(AOMEC)/kpapp(εCL)] changes from 400 at T = -40 °C to 50 at T = 30 °C and 10 at T = 100 °C. Therefore, by decreasing the copolymerization temperature from 30 °C to -40 °C, the conversion of εCL can be switched "off", and by increasing the temperature to 30 °C, the conversion of εCL can be switched "on" again. The addition of AOMEC at T = -40 °C results in the formation of a pure carbonate block. The cyclic addition of AOMEC to a solution of εCL along with a simultaneous temperature change leads to the formation of multiblock copolymers. This result provides a new straightforward synthetic route to degradable multiblock copolymers, yielding new interesting materials with endless structural possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Olsén
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helmut Keul
- DWI
− Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials and Institute
of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ann-Christine Albertsson
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
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29
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Arias V, Olsén P, Odelius K, Höglund A, Albertsson AC. Selective degradation in aliphatic block copolyesters by controlling the heterogeneity of the amorphous phase. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00136f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Controlling the course of the degradation of aliphatic polyesters is a key question when designing new degradable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veluska Arias
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - Peter Olsén
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - Anders Höglund
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Stockholm
- Sweden
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30
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Olsén P, Odelius K, Albertsson AC. Ring-Closing Depolymerization: A Powerful Tool for Synthesizing the Allyloxy-Functionalized Six-Membered Aliphatic Carbonate Monomer 2-Allyloxymethyl-2-ethyltrimethylene Carbonate. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma5012304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Olsén
- Department of Fibre and Polymer
Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Department of Fibre and Polymer
Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Christine Albertsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer
Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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Olsén P, Undin J, Odelius K, Albertsson AC. Establishing α-bromo-γ-butyrolactone as a platform for synthesis of functional aliphatic polyesters – bridging the gap between ROP and SET-LRP. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00148f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Utilizing α-bromo-γ-butyrolactone (αBrγBL) as a comonomer with ε-caprolactone (εCL) or l-lactide (LLA) produces copolymers with active and available grafting sites, e.g., for SET-LRP, where the choice of the grafting monomers is limited only by one's imagination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Olsén
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Undin
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- Stockholm, Sweden
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32
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Abstract
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We
have designed a pathway for controlling the critical micelle
concentration and micelle size of polyester-based systems. This was
achieved by creating an array of different copolymers with semicrystalline
or amorphous hydrophobic blocks. The hydrophobic block was constructed
through ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone, l-lactide, and ε-decalactone, either as homopolymers or random
copolymers, using PEG as both the initiator and the hydrophilic block.
Micelles formed with amorphous cores exhibited considerably higher
critical micelle concentrations than those with semicrystalline cores.
Micelles with amorphous cores also became larger in size with an increased
molecular weight of the hydrophobic bock, in contrast to micelles
with semicrystalline cores, which displayed the opposite behavior.
Hence, core crystallinity was found to be a potent tool for tailoring
micelle properties and thereby facilitating the optimization of drug
delivery systems. The introduction of PEG-PεDL also proved to
be a valuable asset in the tuning of micelle properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidija Glavas
- Fiber and Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology , SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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33
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Olsén P, Borke T, Odelius K, Albertsson AC. ε-Decalactone: A Thermoresilient and Toughening Comonomer to Poly(l-lactide). Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:2883-90. [DOI: 10.1021/bm400733e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Olsén
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School
of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tina Borke
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School
of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School
of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Christine Albertsson
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School
of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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Siggberg L, Olsén P, Näntö-Salonen K, Knuutila S. 19p13.3 aberrations are associated with dysmorphic features and deviant psychomotor development. Cytogenet Genome Res 2010; 132:8-15. [PMID: 20938164 DOI: 10.1159/000320920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we describe 2 patients with de novo genomic imbalances of 19p13.3. Using high-resolution microarray analysis, we detected a 1.25-Mb deletion in one patient and a 0.81- Mb duplication in another. The resulting phenotypes are quite different; one is a 2-year-old boy with macrocephaly and normal growth, while the other is a 9-year-old boy with microcephaly and growth retardation since birth. Both have dysmorphic features and psychomotor developmental delay. This report gives evidence of the effect of small aberrations of chromosome 19 and describes the phenotypes arising from a duplication and deletion of the same location at 19p13.3.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Siggberg
- Department of Pathology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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35
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Olsén P, Vainionpää L. [Neurological prognosis of the premature infant]. Duodecim 2002; 116:2032-7. [PMID: 12017620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Olsén
- Oulun yliopiston lastentautien klinikka, Kansanterveystieteen ja yleislääketieteen laitos, Oulu.
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36
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Abstract
The linguistic skills of 8-year-old children born preterm (n = 42) with birthweight < 1750 grams from a 1-year birth cohort for 1985-86 in northern Finland were studied with three different language tests, namely the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities (ITPA), the Token Test for Children (TTC) and the Morphological Test (MT) for Finnish children. Full-term control children (n = 42) with birthweight > or = 2500 grams from the same birth cohort were matched individually with their preterm pairs for age, sex, twinship, mother's education, place of residence, birth order and family type. The preterm children's language abilities were studied in relation to their neurological status and to the periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) findings of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The preterm children with minor neurodevelopmental dysfunctions (MND) scored worst and differed significantly from their matched controls in TTC. They also differed significantly from other preterm subgroups, namely healthy preterm and preterm children with cerebral palsy (CP), in verbal comprehension measured by TTC. PVL findings were not associated with performance in the language ability tests. A closer and regular follow-up of language development in the MND-disabled group among the low-birthweight preterm children is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yliherva
- Department of Finnish, Saami and Logopedics, University of Oulu.
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37
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Yliherva A, Olsén P, Mäki-Torkko E, Koiranen M, Järvelin MR. Linguistic and motor abilities of low-birthweight children as assessed by parents and teachers at 8 years of age. Acta Paediatr 2001; 90:1440-9. [PMID: 11853344 DOI: 10.1080/08035250152708879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Linguistic and motor abilities among low-birthweight 8-y-old children in the northern Finland Birth Cohort for 1985-1986 (n = 9322) were studied using parental and teacher evaluations. The parents of 8370 (90%) and teachers of 8525 (92%) children returned a mailed questionnaire concerning the children's speech, language, learning and motor abilities. Low-birthweight (LBW, < 2500 g) children (n = 279) appeared to have experienced more difficulties than normal-birthweight (NBW, > or = 2500 g) children (n = 8091). The parents evaluated the LBW boys to be the poorest in linguistic and motor skills compared with the other boys or any of the groups of girls. They are therefore presumably at risk of having problems at school, which was confirmed by the teachers' reports. There was also a clear relationship between speech/linguistic and motor disabilities. CONCLUSION Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the lower birthweight and some sociodemographic factors, for example the mother's age being between 20 and 24 y, having more than four children in the family, a reconstructed family, as well as hearing impairment and male gender were the most important determinants of poor speech and language abilities at 8 y of age, with and without adjustment for neonatal risk factors (asphyxia, convulsions, respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, patent ductus arteriosus). Smallness for gestational age was also a risk factor for poor speech and language skills. Preterm birth was associated with poor skills only after adjustment for the neonatal risk factor. The parental and teacher evaluations were concordant concerning the LBW children's outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yliherva
- Department of Finnish, Saami and Logopedics, University of Oulu.
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38
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Yliherva A, Olsén P, Suvanto A, Järvelin MR. Language abilities of 8-year-old preterm children among the northern Finland 1-year birth cohort for 1985-1986. LOGOP PHONIATR VOCO 2001; 25:98-104. [PMID: 11086801 DOI: 10.1080/14015430050175824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The language abilities of 42 8-year-old preterm children with birth weight < 1,750 g from a 1-year birth cohort in northern Finland was studied with four different language tests. Control children from the same birth cohort matched individually with their preterm pairs for age, sex, twinship, mother's education, place of residence, birth order and family type were also studied. In psycholinguistic test, auditory skills did not differ between the preterm and the full-term groups. Nor did any other linguistic subtest differentiate between the groups. Instead, the preterm children scored significantly poorer than their controls in visual subtests. The study also showed that the poor performance in visual tests was associated with neonatal morbidity, namely neonatal infections, need for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). When studying the language abilities of preterm children, we suggest that qualitative methods should be used to analyse linguistic skills. We recommend versatile follow-up of preterm children until school age.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yliherva
- Department of Finnish, Saami and Logopedics, University of Oulu.
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39
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Olsén P, Vainionpää L, Pääkkö E, Korkman M, Pyhtinen J, Järvelin MR. Psychological findings in preterm children related to neurologic status and magnetic resonance imaging. Pediatrics 1998; 102:329-36. [PMID: 9685434 DOI: 10.1542/peds.102.2.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Preterm children experience learning disabilities more often than full-term children, but detailed information on their neuropsychological and neurologic determinants is lacking. We therefore examined these problems more closely and also studied if clinical neurologic examination and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used as tools to screen the preterm children at risk for these problems. METHODS In a population-based study, the psychological performance of 42 preterm children with a birth weight <1750 g and of their matched controls was assessed at 8 years of age and the findings were then related to clinical neurologic examination and MRI. Learning disabilities of these children, reported by the teachers, were also studied. RESULTS The cognitive ability of the preterm children, although in the normal range, was significantly lower than that of the control children. They performed particularly poorly in tasks requiring spatial and visuoperceptual abilities, which were associated with the finding of periventricular leukomalacia in MRI, especially with posterior ventricular enlargement. The preterm children with minor neurodevelopmental dysfunction (MND) had the most problems in neuropsychological tests, whereas the clinically healthy preterm children and those with cerebral palsy had fewer problems. The problems of MND children emerged in the domain of attention. They also experienced the most problems at school. CONCLUSIONS Visuospatial problems were associated with periventricular leukomalacia in MRI, but learning disabilities were most frequent among the preterm children with minor neurologic abnormalities. We recommend closer follow-up of preterm children with MND.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Olsén
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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40
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Olsén P, Pääkkö E, Vainionpää L, Pyhtinen J, Järvelin MR. Magnetic resonance imaging of periventricular leukomalacia and its clinical correlation in children. Ann Neurol 1997; 41:754-61. [PMID: 9189036 DOI: 10.1002/ana.410410611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of periventricular leukomalacia and its association with clinical neurological signs in school-age preterm children are unknown. We matched 42 eight-year-old children who were born before term with birth weights lower than 1,750 gm (mean, 1,410 gm; gestational age, 31 weeks) with 42 children who were born at term and of normal birth weight, to compare clinical neurological status and magnetic resonance imaging findings. Of the children born prematurely, 9.5% had cerebral palsy and 31% had minor neurological dysfunction whereas 9% of the children born at term had minor neurological dysfunction and none had cerebral palsy. Deviations in tongue movements, heel walking. Fogs test results, and finger opposition, as well as behavioral disturbances, differentiated the preterm from the full-teem group. The prevalence of periventricular leukomalacia among all children born prematurely was 32%. It was observed in all children with cerebral palsy, in 25% with minor neurological dysfunction, and in 25% of the clinically healthy preterm children. None of the children born at term had evidence of periventricular leukomalacia. Children with periventricular leukomalacia especially demonstrated poor performance on heel walking and Fogs test. Though commonly found in preterm children, periventricular leukomalacia is not uniformly associated with abnormal neurological findings. A thorough neurological examination is a better predictor of later developmental problems than is magnetic resonance imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Olsén
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oulu, Finland
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Myhrman A, Olsén P, Rantakallio P, Läärä E. Does the wantedness of a pregnancy predict a child's educational attainment? Fam Plann Perspect 1995; 27:116-9. [PMID: 7672102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
An analysis of the educational attainment of more than 10,000 members of the 1966 cohort of births in Northern Finland found that 25% of the young men born following an unwanted pregnancy failed to attain any more education than the nine years of compulsory schooling, compared with 18% of those born as a result of a mistimed pregnancy and 14% from a wanted one. The comparable proportions for women in the cohort were 19%, 13% and 9%, respectively. A binary regression analysis that controlled for family background variables indicates that unwantedness increased the risk that men would not go on to upper secondary school by 6.0 percentage points and that women would not by 6.3 percentage points. The statistical interaction between large family size and unwantedness showed an increased risk of low educational attainment among the young men; neither large family size nor other family background variables could explain the association between unwantedness at birth and comparatively little schooling among the women.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Myhrman
- Department of Public Health Science and General Practice, University of Oulu, Finland
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42
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Abstract
Participation in further education after compulsory schooling was examined for 377 LBW (low birth weight, < 2500 g) and 10,614 NBW (normal birth weight, > or = 2500 g) children and completion of this further education among the same population in a 1-year birth cohort for Northern Finland in 1966. There was no difference in enrollment for further education, the percentage for non-enrollment was 8.5% for LBW and 7.0% for NBW children, and the healthy LBW children even enrolled more often than the healthy NBW children. Enrollment among the disabled LBW children, however, was significantly poorer than among the disabled NBW children, 57.1% and 36.8%, respectively failing to enroll. The disabled LBW girls in particular enrolled poorly, 76.9% of them failing to do so. Completing further studies up to the age of 24 was rarer among the LBW children than among the NBW children, 17.6% of them failing to graduate compared to 13.8% of the NBW children. If the disabled children were excluded, however, the healthy LBW children succeeded as well as the healthy NBW children. The LBW girls, especially the disabled ones, graduated the least often. When excluding the disabled children and controlling confounding variables by stratification, low birth weight did not affect non-enrollment or non-graduation. Altogether, the success of the LBW children in their post compulsory education was satisfactory except for the disabled LBW children, especially the girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Olsén
- Department of Public Health Science and General Practice, University of Oulu, Finland
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