1
|
Yokoyama K, Guan Z. A Vitrimer Acts as a Compatibilizer for Polyethylene and Polypropylene Blends. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317264. [PMID: 38407469 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Polymer compatibilization plays a critical role in achieving polymer blends with favorable mechanical properties and enabling efficient recycling of mixed plastic wastes. Nonetheless, traditional compatibilization methods often require tailored designs based on the specific chemical compositions of the blends. In this study, we propose a new approach for compatibilizing polymer blends using a dynamically crosslinked polymer network, known as vitrimers. By adding a relatively small amount (1-5 w/w%) of a vitrimer made of siloxane-crosslinked high-density polyethylene (HDPE), we successfully compatibilized unmodified HDPE and isotactic polypropylene (iPP). The vitrimer-compatibilized blend exhibited enhanced elongation at break (120 %) and smaller iPP domain sizes (0.4 μm) compared to the control blend (22 % elongation at break, 0.9 μm iPP droplet size). Moreover, the vitrimer-compatibilized blend showed significantly improved microphase stability during annealing at 180 °C. This straightforward method shows promise for applications across various polymer blend systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Yokoyama
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, 92697, United States
| | - Zhibin Guan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, 92697, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Irvine, California, 92697, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Irvine, California, 92697, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mah JJQ, Li K, Feng H, Surat'man NEB, Li B, Yu X, Zhang M, Wang S, Li Z. Ultrafast Self-Healing Elastomer with Closed-Loop Recyclability. Chem Asian J 2024:e202400143. [PMID: 38709124 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The loss of function after prolonged periods of use is inevitable for all materials including plastics. Hence, self-healing capabilities are a key development to prolong the service lifetime of materials. One of such self-healing capabilities can be achieved by integrating dynamic bonds such as boronic ester linkages into polymeric materials, however the rate of self-healing in these materials is insufficient and current methods to accelerate it are limited. In this study, we report the rational design, synthesis and characterization of a fluorinated elastomer (FBE15) that utilizes enhanced interaction between polymer chains afforded by strong dipole-dipole interactions from -CF3, which showed a significant increase in binding energy to -7.71 Kcal/mol from -5.51 Kcal/mol, resulting in increased interaction between the boronic ester linkages and improving self-healing capabilities of boronic ester materials, drastically reducing the time required for stress relaxation by 900 %. The bulk elastomer is capable of ultrafast self-healing in a one-click fashion that can happen in mere seconds, which can then be stretched to 150 % of its original length. By utilising the dynamic cross-linking, FBE15 is also capable of both mechanical reprocessing into the same materials and chemical recycling into its starting materials, respectively, further allowing reconstruction of the elastomers that have comparable properties to the original ones at the end of its service lifespan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin Jian Qiang Mah
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ke Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Hongzhi Feng
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Republic of Singapore
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Laboratory of Polymers and Composites, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Nayli Erdeanna Binte Surat'man
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Bofan Li
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Republic of Singapore
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Mingsheng Zhang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Sheng Wang
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Zibiao Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117576, Republic of Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rivero DS, Pérez-Pérez Y, Perretti MD, Santos T, Scoccia J, Tejedor D, Carrillo R. Kinetic Control of Complexity in Multiple Dynamic Libraries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202406654. [PMID: 38660925 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Multiple dynamic libraries of compounds are generated when more than one reversible reaction comes into play. Commonly, two or more orthogonal reversible reactions are used, leading to non-communicating dynamic libraries which share no building blocks. Only a few examples of communicating libraries have been reported, and in all those cases, building blocks are reversibly exchanged from one library to the other, constituting an antiparallel dynamic covalent system. Herein we report that communication between two different dynamic libraries through an irreversible process is also possible. Indeed, alkyl amines cancel the dynamic regime on the nucleophilic substitution of tetrazines, generating kinetically inert compounds. Interestingly, such amine can be part of another dynamic library, an imine-amine exchange. Thus, both libraries are interconnected with each other by an irreversible process which leads to kinetically inert structures that contain parts from both libraries, causing a collapse of the complexity. Additionally, a latent irreversible intercommunication could be developed. In such a way, a stable molecular system with specific host-guest and fluorescence properties, could be irreversibly transformed when the right stimulus was applied, triggering the cancellation of the original supramolecular and luminescent properties and the emergence of new ones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David S Rivero
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Molecular Sciences, SPAIN
| | - Yaiza Pérez-Pérez
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Molecular Sciences, SPAIN
| | | | | | - Jimena Scoccia
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Molecular Sciences, SPAIN
| | - David Tejedor
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Molecular Sciences, SPAIN
| | - Romen Carrillo
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología: Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiologia, Ciencias Moleculares, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206, La Laguna, SPAIN
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Martínez D, Schlossarek T, Würthner F, Soberats B. Isothermal Phase Transitions in Liquid Crystals Driven by Dynamic Covalent Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202403910. [PMID: 38635375 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The dynamic nature of calamitic liquid crystals is exploited to perform isothermal phase transitions driven by dynamic covalent chemistry. For this purpose, nematic (N) arrays based on aldehyde 1 were treated with different amines (A-E) in an on-surface process, which resulted in different isothermal phase transitions. These phase transformations were caused by in-situ imination reactions and are dependent on the nature of the added amine. Transitions from the N to crystal (1A, 1E), isotropic (1B), and smectic (Sm) (1C, 1D) phases were achieved, while the resulting materials feature thermotropic liquid crystal behavior. A sequential transformation from the N 1 to the Sm 1C and then to the N 1B was achieved by coupling an imination to a transimination processes and adjusting the temperature. All of these processes were well characterized by microscopic, spectroscopic, and X-ray techniques, unlocking not only the constitutional but also the structural aspects of the phase transitions. This work provides new insights into designing constitutionally and structurally adaptable liquid crystal systems, paving the way toward the conception of programable evolutive pathways and adaptive materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Martínez
- Universitat de les Illes Balears Departament de Química, Chemistry, SPAIN
| | - Tim Schlossarek
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), GERMANY
| | - Frank Würthner
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), GERMANY
| | - Bartolome Soberats
- Universitat de les Illes Balears, Chemistry, Crtra. Valldemossa Km. 7.5, Dpt. Chemistry (Ed. Mateu Orfila), 07122, Palma de Mallorca, SPAIN
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pausch T, David T, Fleck-Kunde T, Pols H, Gurke J, Schmidt BM. Multifold Post-Modification of Macrocycles and Cages by Isocyanate-Induced Azadefluorination Cyclisation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318362. [PMID: 38294139 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
We present the multiple post-modification of organic macrocycles and cages, introducing functional groups into two- and three-dimensional supramolecular scaffolds bearing fluorine substituents, which opens up new possibilities in multi-step supramolecular chemistry employing the vast chemical space of readily available isocyanates. The mechanism and scope of the reaction that proceeds after isocyanate addition to the benzylamine motif via an azadefluorination cyclisation (ADFC) were investigated using DFT calculations, and a series of aromatic isocyanates with different electronic properties were tested. The compounds show excellent chemical stability and were fully characterised. They can be used for subsequent cross-coupling reactions, and ADFC can be used directly to generate cross-linked membranes from macrocycles or cages when using ditopic isocyanates. Single-crystal X-ray (SC-XRD) analysis shows the proof of the formation of the desired supramolecular entity together with the connectivity predicted by calculations and from 19F NMR shifts, allowing the late-stage functionalisation of self-assembled macrocycles and cages by ADFC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Pausch
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tim David
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tom Fleck-Kunde
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hendrik Pols
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johannes Gurke
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bernd M Schmidt
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yin C, Ye H, Hai Y, Zou H, You L. Aromatic-Carbonyl Interactions as an Emerging Type of Non-Covalent Interactions. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024:e2310337. [PMID: 38561959 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202310337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Aromatic-carbonyl (Ar···C═O) interactions, attractive interactions between the arene plane and the carbon atom of carbonyl, are in the infancy as one type of new supramolecular bonding forces. Here the study and functionalization of aromatic-carbonyl interactions in solution is reported. A combination of aromatic-carbonyl interactions and dynamic covalent chemistry provided a versatile avenue. The stabilizing role and mechanism of arene-aldehyde/imine interactions are elucidated through crystal structures, NMR studies, and computational evidence. The movement of imine exchange equilibria further allowed the quantification of the interplay between arene-aldehyde/imine interactions and dynamic imine chemistry, with solvent effects offering another handle and matching the electrostatic feature of the interactions. Moreover, arene-aldehyde/imine interactions enabled the reversal of kinetic and thermodynamic selectivity and sorting of dynamic covalent libraries. To show the functional utility diverse modulation of fluorescence signals is realized with arene-aldehyde/imine interactions. The results should find applications in many aspects, including molecular recognition, assemblies, catalysis, and intelligent materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaowei Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hebo Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Yu Hai
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Hanxun Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Lei You
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rondelli M, Pasán J, Fernández I, Martín T. Predisposition in Dynamic Covalent Chemistry: The Role of Non-Covalent Interactions in the Assembly of Tetrahedral Boronate Cages. Chemistry 2024:e202400896. [PMID: 38507133 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Directional bonding strategies guide the design of complex molecular architectures, yet challenges arise due to emergent behavior. Rigid structures face geometric constraints and sensitivity to mismatches, hindering the efficient assembly of molecular organic cages (MOCs). Harnessing intramolecular non-covalent interactions offers a promising solution, broadening geometrical possibilities and enhancing adaptability to boost assembly yields. However, identifying these interactions remains challenging, with their full potential sometimes latent until final assembly. This study explores these challenges by synthesizing boronic acid tripods with varied oxygen positions at the tripodal feet and investigating their role in assembling tetrahedral boronate MOCs. Our results reveal substantial differences in the assembly efficiency among tripods. While the building blocks with oxygen in the benzylic position relative to the central aromatic ring form the MOCs in high yields, those with the oxygen atom directly bound to the central aromatic ring, only yield traces. Through X-ray crystallography and DFT analyses, we elucidate how intramolecular interactions profoundly influence the geometry of the building blocks and cages in a relay-like fashion, highlighting the importance of considering intramolecular interactions in the rational design of (supra)molecular architectures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Rondelli
- Molecular Science Department, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientícas (IPNA-CSIC) Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Jorge Pasán
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Materiales para Análisis Químico (MAT4LL) Universidad de La Laguna, 38200, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Israel Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Martín
- Molecular Science Department, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientícas (IPNA-CSIC) Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Díaz-Casado L, Villacampa A, Corzana F, Jiménez-Barbero J, Gómez AM, Santana AG, Asensio JL. Illuminating a Solvent-Dependent Hierarchy for Aromatic CH/π Complexes with Dynamic Covalent Glyco-Balances. JACS Au 2024; 4:476-490. [PMID: 38425929 PMCID: PMC10900200 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
CH/π interactions are prevalent among aromatic complexes and represent invaluable tools for stabilizing well-defined molecular architectures. Their energy contributions are exceptionally sensitive to various structural and environmental factors, resulting in a context-dependent nature that has led to conflicting findings in the scientific literature. Consequently, a universally accepted hierarchy for aromatic CH/π interactions has remained elusive. Herein, we present a comprehensive experimental investigation of aromatic CH/π complexes, employing a novel approach that involves isotopically labeled glyco-balances generated in situ. This innovative strategy not only allows us to uncover thermodynamic insights but also delves into the often less-accessible domain of kinetic information. Our analyses have yielded more than 180 new free energy values while considering key factors such as solvent properties, the interaction geometry, and the presence and nature of accompanying counterions. Remarkably, the obtained results challenge conventional wisdom regarding the stability order of common aromatic complexes. While it was believed that cationic CH/π interactions held the highest strength, followed by polarized CH/π, nonpolarized CH/π, and finally anionic CH/π interactions, our study reveals that this hierarchy can be subverted depending on the environment. Indeed, the performance of polarized CH/π interactions can match or even outcompete that of cationic CH/π interactions making them a more reliable stabilization strategy across the entire spectrum of solvent polarity. Overall, our results provide valuable guidelines for the selection of optimal interacting partners in every chemical environment, allowing the design of tailored aromatic complexes with applications in supramolecular chemistry, organocatalysis, and/or material sciences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Díaz-Casado
- Departamento
de Química Bio-Orgánica, Instituto de Química
Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Consejo
Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Villacampa
- Departamento
de Química Bio-Orgánica, Instituto de Química
Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Consejo
Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Corzana
- Departamento
de Química, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis
Química, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- Basque
Researchand Technology Alliance (BRTA), CIC bioGUNE, 48170 Derio, Spain
- Basque
Foundation for Science, Ikerbasque, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M. Gómez
- Departamento
de Química Bio-Orgánica, Instituto de Química
Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Consejo
Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés G. Santana
- Department
of Chemistry of Natural Products and Bioactive Synthetics, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología
(IPNA-CSIC), San Cristóbal
de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife 38206, Spain
| | - Juan Luis Asensio
- Departamento
de Química Bio-Orgánica, Instituto de Química
Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Consejo
Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hefferon ME, Huang MS, Liu Y, Navarro RS, de Paiva Narciso N, Zhang D, Aviles-Rodriguez G, Heilshorn SC. Cell Microencapsulation Within Engineered Hyaluronan Elastin-Like Protein (HELP) Hydrogels. Curr Protoc 2023; 3:e917. [PMID: 37929691 PMCID: PMC10629846 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional cell encapsulation has rendered itself a staple in the tissue engineering field. Using recombinantly engineered, biopolymer-based hydrogels to encapsulate cells is especially promising due to the enhanced control and tunability it affords. Here, we describe in detail the synthesis of our hyaluronan (i.e., hyaluronic acid) and elastin-like protein (HELP) hydrogel system. In addition to validating the efficacy of our synthetic process, we also demonstrate the modularity of the HELP system. Finally, we show that cells can be encapsulated within HELP gels over a range of stiffnesses, exhibit strong viability, and respond to stiffness cues. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Elastin-like protein modification with hydrazine Basic Protocol 2: Nuclear magnetic resonance quantification of elastin-like protein modification with hydrazine Basic Protocol 3: Hyaluronic acid-benzaldehyde synthesis Basic Protocol 4: Nuclear magnetic resonance quantification of hyaluronic acid-benzaldehyde Basic Protocol 5: 3D cell encapsulation in hyaluronan elastin-like protein gels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan E. Hefferon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, 605-724-6784
| | - Michelle S. Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, 650-723-4906, 605-724-6784
| | - Yueming Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, 605-724-6784
| | - Renato S. Navarro
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, 605-724-6784
| | - Narelli de Paiva Narciso
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, 605-724-6784
| | - Daiyao Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, 650-723-4906, 605-724-6784
| | - Giselle Aviles-Rodriguez
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, 605-724-6784
| | - Sarah C. Heilshorn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, 605-724-6784
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Princen K, Marien N, Guedens W, Graulus GJ, Adriaensens P. Hydrogels with Reversible Crosslinks for Improved Localised Stem Cell Retention: A Review. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300149. [PMID: 37220343 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Successful stem cell applications could have a significant impact on the medical field, where many lives are at stake. However, the translation of stem cells to the clinic could be improved by overcoming challenges in stem cell transplantation and in vivo retention at the site of tissue damage. This review aims to showcase the most recent insights into developing hydrogels that can deliver, retain, and accommodate stem cells for tissue repair. Hydrogels can be used for tissue engineering, as their flexibility and water content makes them excellent substitutes for the native extracellular matrix. Moreover, the mechanical properties of hydrogels are highly tuneable, and recognition moieties to control cell behaviour and fate can quickly be introduced. This review covers the parameters necessary for the physicochemical design of adaptable hydrogels, the variety of (bio)materials that can be used in such hydrogels, their application in stem cell delivery and some recently developed chemistries for reversible crosslinking. Implementing physical and dynamic covalent chemistry has resulted in adaptable hydrogels that can mimic the dynamic nature of the extracellular matrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Princen
- Biomolecule Design Group, Institute for Materials Research (IMO-IMOMEC), Hasselt University, Agoralaan-Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Neeve Marien
- Biomolecule Design Group, Institute for Materials Research (IMO-IMOMEC), Hasselt University, Agoralaan-Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Wanda Guedens
- Biomolecule Design Group, Institute for Materials Research (IMO-IMOMEC), Hasselt University, Agoralaan-Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Geert-Jan Graulus
- Biomolecule Design Group, Institute for Materials Research (IMO-IMOMEC), Hasselt University, Agoralaan-Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Peter Adriaensens
- Biomolecule Design Group, Institute for Materials Research (IMO-IMOMEC), Hasselt University, Agoralaan-Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Vardhan H, Rummer G, Deng A, Ma S. Large-Scale Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks: Challenges and Opportunities. Membranes (Basel) 2023; 13:696. [PMID: 37623757 PMCID: PMC10456518 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13080696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Connecting organic building blocks by covalent bonds to design porous crystalline networks has led to covalent organic frameworks (COFs), consequently transferring the flexibility of dynamic linkages from discrete architectures to extended structures. By virtue of the library of organic building blocks and the diversity of dynamic linkages and topologies, COFs have emerged as a novel field of organic materials that propose a platform for tailor-made complex structural design. Progress over the past two decades in the design, synthesis, and functional exploration of COFs in diverse applications successively established these frameworks in materials chemistry. The large-scale synthesis of COFs with uniform structures and properties is of profound importance for commercialization and industrial applications; however, this is in its infancy at present. An innovative designing and synthetic approaches have paved novel ways to address future hurdles. This review article highlights the fundamental of COFs, including designing principles, coupling reactions, topologies, structural diversity, synthetic strategies, characterization, growth mechanism, and activation aspects of COFs. Finally, the major challenges and future trends for large-scale COF fabrication are outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Vardhan
- Department of Chemistry and Fermentation Sciences, Appalachian State University, 525 Rivers Street, Boone, NC 28608, USA
| | - Grace Rummer
- Department of Chemistry and Fermentation Sciences, Appalachian State University, 525 Rivers Street, Boone, NC 28608, USA
| | - Angela Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Fermentation Sciences, Appalachian State University, 525 Rivers Street, Boone, NC 28608, USA
| | - Shengqian Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Marchetti T, Frezzato D, Gabrielli L, Prins LJ. ATP Drives the Formation of a Catalytic Hydrazone through an Energy Ratchet Mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202307530. [PMID: 37367487 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
An energy ratchet mechanism is exploited for the synthesis of a molecule. In the presence of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), hydrazone-bond formation between an aldehyde and hydrazide is accelerated and the composition at thermodynamic equilibrium is shifted towards the hydrazone. Enzymatic hydrolysis of ATP installs a kinetically stable state at which hydrazone is present at a higher concentration compared to the composition at thermodynamic equilibrium in the presence of the degradation products of ATP. It is shown that the kinetic state has an enhanced catalytic activity in the hydrolysis of an RNA-model compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Marchetti
- University of Padova: Universita degli Studi di Padova, Department of Chemical Sciences, ITALY
| | - Diego Frezzato
- University of Padua: Universita degli Studi di Padova, Department of Chemical Sciences, ITALY
| | - Luca Gabrielli
- University of Padova: Universita degli Studi di Padova, Department of Chemical Sciences, ITALY
| | - Leonard J Prins
- University of Padova, Department of Chemical Sciences, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, ITALY
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tretbar C, Castro J, Yokoyama K, Guan Z. Fluoride-Catalyzed Siloxane Exchange as a Robust Dynamic Chemistry for High-Performance Vitrimers. Adv Mater 2023:e2303280. [PMID: 37191236 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable developments of new technologies require materials having advanced physical and chemical properties while maintaining reprocessability and recyclability. Vitrimers are designed for this purpose, however their dynamic covalent chemistries often have drawbacks or are limited to specialized polymers. Here w e report fluoride-catalyzed siloxane exchange as an exceptionally robust chemistry for scalable production of high-performance vitrimers through industrial processing of commodity polymers such as poly(methyl methacrylate), polyethylene, and polypropylene. The vitrimers show improved resistance to creep, heat, oxidation, and hydrolysis, while maintaining excellent melt flow for processing and recycling. Furthermore, the siloxane exchange between different vitrimers during mechanical blending result in self-compatibilized blends without any compatibilizers. This offers a general, scalable method for producing sustainable high-performance vitrimers and a new strategy for recycling mixed plastic wastes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chase Tretbar
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, 92697, USA
| | - Jordan Castro
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, 92697, USA
| | - Kosuke Yokoyama
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, 92697, USA
| | - Zhibin Guan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, 92697, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, 92697, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, 92697, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, 92697, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xu Q, Wang X, Huang S, Hu Y, Teat S, Settineri N, Chen H, Wayment LJ, Jin Y, Sharma S, Zhang W. Dynamic Covalent Self-sorting in Molecular and Polymeric Architectures Enabled by Spiroborate Bond Exchange. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202304279. [PMID: 37146103 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202304279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Self-sorting is commonly observed in complex reaction systems, which has been utilized to guide the formation of single major by-design molecules. However, most studies have been focused on non-covalent systems, and using self-sorting to achieve covalently bonded architectures is still relatively less explored. In this work, we first demonstrated the dynamic nature of spiroborate linkage and systematically studied the self-sorting behavior observed in the transformation between spiroborate-linked well-defined polymeric and molecular architectures, which are enabled by spiroborate bond exchange. The scrambling between a macrocycle and a 1D helical covalent polymer led to the formation of a molecular cage, whose structures are all unambiguously elucidated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The results indicate that the molecular cage is the thermodynamically favored product in this multi-component reaction system. This work represents the first example that a 1D polymeric architecture transforms into a shape-persistent molecular cage, driven by dynamic covalent self-sorting. This study will further guide the design of spiroborate-based materials and open the possibilities for the development of novel complex yet responsive dynamic covalent molecular or polymeric systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiucheng Xu
- University of Colorado Boulder, Chemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Xubo Wang
- University of Colorado Boulder, Chemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Shaofeng Huang
- University of Colorado Boulder, Chemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Yiming Hu
- University of Colorado Boulder, Chemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Simon Teat
- Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory: E O Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Advanced Light Source, UNITED STATES
| | - Nicholas Settineri
- Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory: E O Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Advanced Light Source, UNITED STATES
| | - Hongxuan Chen
- University of Colorado Boulder, Chemistry, UNITED STATES
| | | | - Yinghua Jin
- University of Colorado Boulder, Chemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Sandeep Sharma
- University of Colorado Boulder, Chemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Wei Zhang
- University of Colorado Boulder, Chemistry and Biochemistry, 215 UCB, 80309, Boulder, UNITED STATES
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hasegawa H, Sakamaki D, Fujiwara H. A Dicyanomethyl Radical Conjugated with a Pyridylamino Group: Combining Radical-based Dynamic Covalent Chemistry and Coordination Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202302498. [PMID: 37139930 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202302498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we aimed to develop a dicyanomethyl radical that undergoes both reversible C-C bond formation/dissociation and metal-ligand coordination reactions to combine dynamic covalent chemistry (DCC) based on organic radicals with coordination chemistry. We have previously reported a dicyanomethyl radical conjugated with a triphenylamine (1•) that exhibits a monomer/dimer equilibrium between the σ-bonded dimer (12). We designed and synthesized a novel dicyanomethyl radical with a pyridyl group as a coordination point (2•) by replacing the phenyl group of 1• with a 3-pyridyl group. We showed that 2• is also in an equilibrium with the σ-bonded dimer (22) in solution and has suitable thermodynamic parameters for application in DCC. 22 coordinates to PdCl2 in a 2:2 ratio to selectively form a metallamacrocycle (22)2(PdCl2)2, and its structure was clarified by single crystal X-ray analysis. Variable-temperature NMR, ESR, and electronic absorption measurements revealed that (22)2(PdCl2)2 also undergoes the reversible C-C bond formation/dissociation reaction. Ligand-exchange experiment showed that 22 was liberated from (22)2(PdCl2)2 by the addition of another ligand with a higher affinity for Pd(II). This work demonstrated that DCC based on dicyanomethyl radicals works orthogonally to metal-ligand coordination reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Hasegawa
- Osaka Metropolitan University: Osaka Koritsu Daigaku, Department of Chemistry, JAPAN
| | - Daisuke Sakamaki
- Osaka Metropolitan University: Osaka Koritsu Daigaku, Department of Chemistry, Naka-ku, Sakai, Gakuencho, 5998531, Sakai, JAPAN
| | - Hideki Fujiwara
- Osaka Metropolitan University: Osaka Koritsu Daigaku, Department of Chemistry, JAPAN
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Huang L, Yang J, Asakura Y, Shuai Q, Yamauchi Y. Nanoarchitectonics of Hollow Covalent Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications. ACS Nano 2023; 17:8918-8934. [PMID: 37131272 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Hollow covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have gained significant attention because of their specific properties, including enhanced surface-to-volume ratio, large surface area, hierarchical structure, highly ordered nanostructures, and excellent chemical stability. These intrinsic characteristics endow hollow COFs with fascinating physicochemical properties and make them highly attractive for widespread applications, such as catalysis, energy storage, drug delivery, therapy, sensing, and environmental remediation. This review focuses on the recent developments in the synthesis of hollow COFs and their derivatives. In addition, their practical applications in various fields are summarized. Finally, challenges and future opportunities in terms of their synthetic methodologies and practical applications are discussed. Hollow COFs are expected to play an important role in the future of materials science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, No. 388, Lumo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Juan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Lab of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, LiuFang Campus, No.206, Guanggu First Road, Donghu New & High Technology Development Zone, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430205, P. R. China
| | - Yusuke Asakura
- Department of Materials Process Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Qin Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, No. 388, Lumo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yusuke Yamauchi
- Department of Materials Process Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hollstein S, Erdmann P, Ulmer A, Löw H, Greb L, von Delius M. Trialkoxysilane Exchange: Scope, Mechanism, Cryptates and pH-Response. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202304083. [PMID: 37114678 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202304083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic covalent chemistry (DCvC) of the Si-O bond holds unique opportunities, but has rarely been employed to assemble discrete molecular architectures. This may be due to the harsh conditions required to initiate exchange reactions at silicon in aprotic solvents. Herein, we provide a comprehensive experimental and computational account on the reaction of trialkoxysilanes with alcohols and identify mild conditions for rapid exchange in aprotic solvents. Substituent, solvent and salt effects are uncovered, understood and exploited for the construction of sila-orthoester cryptates. A sharp, divergent pH-response of the obtained cages renders this substance class attractive for future applications well beyond host-guest chemistry, for instance, in drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selina Hollstein
- Ulm University: Universitat Ulm, Institute of Organic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Philipp Erdmann
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg: Universitat Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, GERMANY
| | - Andreas Ulmer
- Ulm University: Universitat Ulm, Institute of Organic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Henrik Löw
- Ulm University: Universitat Ulm, Institute of Organic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Lutz Greb
- Ruprecht Karls Universität Heidelberg: Universitat Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, GERMANY
| | - Max von Delius
- University of Ulm, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, GERMANY
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jia M, Zheng H, Zhang Y, Zhang X. Modulating Energy Transfer and Light-Emitting Colors by Chiral Dye Exchange and Achiral-to-Chiral Dye Conversion. Chemistry 2023:e202300906. [PMID: 37115502 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
New chiral and achiral dyes were synthesized by using clean, highly efficient Diels-Alder 'click' reactions. We prepared pure endo- and exo- stereoisomers and blue-light-emitting single crystal of an exo-isomer. 1H NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveal the precise spatial configurations of endo- and exo-dye stereoisomers. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction results reveal the dynamic nature of Diels-Alder covalent bonds. By reversible formation and cleavage of dynamic covalent bonds, an achiral dye was converted to a chiral dye, where achiral dansyl dye moiety was replaced by chiral moiety. Before achiral-to-chiral dye conversion, the dye system displayed dansyl acceptor green light-emitting color due to intramolecular fluorescence resonance energy transfer, where the blue emission of pyrene donor fluorophore was not observed. After achiral-to-chiral dye conversion, light-emitting colors of dye system change from green to blue, where the pyrene-to-dansyl fluorophore energy transfer was suppressed, and pyrene fluorophore blue emission was restored. Chiral transfer occurs in a chiral dye solid from non-chromophore alky chirality to pyrene chromophore. Thus, the chiral dye solid displayed chiral optical behaviors, i.e. circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingkai Jia
- Tianjin University, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, CHINA
| | - Haifeng Zheng
- Tianjin University, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, CHINA
| | - Yongsheng Zhang
- Tianjin University, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, CHINA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Tianjin University, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, 300072, Tianjin, CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jiang G, Wang L, Ye H, Zou H, You L. Dynamic Covalent Reactions and Chirality Sensing with Diphenylethene Derived Hemiaminals. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300080. [PMID: 37021330 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
The differentiation of enantiomers is of significance in synthetic chemistry and pharmaceutical chemistry. Herein, we report a facile method for chirality sensing of monoalcohols, a challenging target due to the poor reactivity, by combining dynamic covalent chemistry with helical chirality. Four diphenylethene (DPE) derived cyclic hemiaminals were constructed, and the incorporation of a broad range of alcohols and thiols with high efficiency was achieved. The reversibility was further verified by dynamic component exchange. The helical chirality of the DPE motif was induced through chirality transfer by the central chirality of the analytes, resulting in circular dichroism responses. The chirality differentiation of seven chiral secondary alcohols including both alkyl and aryl alcohols was realized, further allowing the quantification of enantiomeric excess with high accuracy. The results described should lay a foundation for future endeavors in chemical sensing, asymmetric synthesis, and chiroptical materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoshan Jiang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, chemistry, CHINA
| | - Hebo Ye
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, chemistry, CHINA
| | - Hanxun Zou
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Lei You
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, The State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, 155 Yangqiao Road West, 350002, Fuzhou, CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lakshmi KM, Rival JV, Sreeraj P, Nambiar SR, Jeyabharathi C, Shibu ES. Precision Nanocluster-Based Toroidal and Supertoroidal Frameworks Using Photocycloaddition-Assisted Dynamic Covalent Chemistry. Small 2023; 19:e2207119. [PMID: 36683222 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Atomically precise nanoclusters (NCs) have recently emerged as ideal building blocks for constructing self-assembled multifunctional superstructures. The existing structures are based on various non-covalent interactions of the ligands on the NC surface, resulting in inter-NC interactions. Despite recent demonstrations on light-induced reversible self-assembly, long-range reversible self-assembly based on dynamic covalent chemistry on the NC surface has yet to be investigated. Here, it is shown that Au25 NCs containing thiolated umbelliferone (7-hydroxycoumarin) ligands allow [2+2] photocycloaddition reaction-induced self-assembly into colloidal-level toroids. The toroids upon further irradiation undergo inter-toroidal reaction resulting in macroscopic supertoroidal honey-comb frameworks. Systematic investigation using electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and electron tomography (ET) suggest that the NCs initially form spherical aggregates. The spherical structures further undergo fusion resulting in toroid formation. Finally, the toroids fuse into macroscopic honeycomb frameworks. As a proof-of-concept, a cross-photocycloaddition reaction between coumarin-tethered NCs and an anticancer drug (5-fluorouracil) is demonstrated as a model photo-controlled drug release system. The model system allows systematic loading and unloading of the drug during the assembly and disassembly under two different wavelengths. The results suggest that the dynamic covalent chemistry on the NC surface offers a facile route for hierarchical multifunctional frameworks and photocontrolled drug release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kavalloor Murali Lakshmi
- Electroplating and Metal Finishing Division (EMFD), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630003, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Jose V Rival
- Smart Materials Lab (SML), Department of Nanoscience and Technology (DNST), University of Calicut (UoC), Malappuram, Kerala, 673635, India
| | - Pakath Sreeraj
- Smart Materials Lab (SML), Department of Nanoscience and Technology (DNST), University of Calicut (UoC), Malappuram, Kerala, 673635, India
| | - Sindhu R Nambiar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Food Safety and Analytical Quality Control Laboratory, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysuru, Karnataka, 570020, India
| | - Chinnaiah Jeyabharathi
- Electroplating and Metal Finishing Division (EMFD), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630003, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Edakkattuparambil Sidharth Shibu
- Smart Materials Lab (SML), Department of Nanoscience and Technology (DNST), University of Calicut (UoC), Malappuram, Kerala, 673635, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Roy S, Gravener L, Philp D, Kay E. A Dissipative Reaction Network Drives Transient Solid-Liquid and Liquid-Liquid Phase Cycling of Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217613. [PMID: 36952310 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Transient states maintained by energy dissipation are an essential feature of dynamic systems where structures and functions are regulated by fluxes of energy and matter through chemical reaction networks. Perfected in biology, chemically fueled dissipative networks incorporating nanoscale components allow the unique properties of nanomaterials to be bestowed with spatiotemporal adaptability and chemical responsiveness. We report the transient dispersion of gold nanoparticles in water, powered by dissipation of a chemical fuel. A dispersed state that is generated under nonequilibrium conditions permits fully reversible solid-liquid or liquid-liquid phase transfer. The molecular basis of the out-of-equilibrium process is reversible covalent modification of nanoparticle-bound ligands by a simple inorganic activator. Activator consumption by a coupled dissipative reaction network leads to autonomous cycling between phases. The out-of-equilibrium lifetime is tunable by adjusting pH, and reversible phase cycling is reproducible over several cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soumendu Roy
- University of St Andrews, EaStChem School of Chemistry, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Laura Gravener
- University of St Andrews, EaStChem School of Chemistry, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Douglas Philp
- University of St Andrews, EastChem School of Chemistry, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Euan Kay
- University of St Andrews, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, North Haugh, KY16 9ST, St Andrews, UNITED KINGDOM
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Spitzbarth B, Eelkema R. On-Demand Release of Secondary Amine Bases for the Activation of Catalysts and Crosslinkers. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203028. [PMID: 36541271 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic covalent (DCv) ureas have been used abundantly to design self-healing materials. We demonstrate that apart from self-healing materials, the species present in the equilibrium of DCv ureas can be employed as responsive organocatalysts. Easily controllable stimuli like heat or addition of water shift the equilibrium towards isocyanate and free base which can function as an in situ released reagent. We demonstrate this application of DCv ureas with two examples. Firstly, we use the liberated base to catalytically activate a latent organocatalyst for acylhydrazone formation. Secondly, this base can be employed in an equimolar manner to trigger the release of nitrile-N-oxides from chlorooximes, which react with acrylate-terminated polymers to form an isoxazoline polymer gel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Spitzbarth
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629HZ, Delft (The, Netherlands
| | - Rienk Eelkema
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629HZ, Delft (The, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Giri A, Shreeraj G, Dutta TK, Patra A. Transformation of Imine Cage to Covalent Organic Framework Film at the Liquid-Liquid Interface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202219083. [PMID: 36912437 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202219083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic covalent chemistry (DCC) opens up a fascinating route for the construction of well-organized supramolecular architectures, starting from organic molecular cages to crystalline macromolecular covalent organic frameworks (COFs). Herein, for the first time, we have manifested a facile room-temperature DCC-directed transformation of discrete organic imine cage-to-COF film at the liquid-liquid interface. The unfolding of the cage leading to the generation of imine intermediates, followed by their interface-assisted preorganization and subsequent growth of the COF film, are elucidated through detailed spectroscopic and microscopic investigations. The interfacial cage-to-COF transformation provides a facile route for the faster fabrication of free-standing COF films with high porosity and crystallinity, demonstrating excellent performance towards molecular sieving and high solvent permeance. Thus, the current study opens up a new route for structural interconversion between two crystalline entities with diverse dimensionality employing DCC at the confined interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arkaprabha Giri
- IISER Bopal: Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Chemistry, IISER Bhopal, Bhauri, 462066, Bhopal, INDIA
| | - G Shreeraj
- IISERB: Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Chemistry, IISER Bhopal, Bhauri, 462066, Bhopal, INDIA
| | - Tapas Kumar Dutta
- IISERB: Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Chemistry, IISER Bhopal, Bhauri, 462066, Bhopal, INDIA
| | - Abhijit Patra
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Department of Chemistry, Bhopal by-pass road, Bhauri, 462066, Bhopal, INDIA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Schoustra SK, Smulders MMJ. Metal Coordination in Polyimine Covalent Adaptable Networks for Tunable Material Properties and Enhanced Creep Resistance. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200790. [PMID: 36629864 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Covalent adaptable networks (CANs) can replace classical thermosets, as their unique dynamic covalent bonds enable recyclable crosslinked polymers. Their creep susceptibility, however, hampers their application. Herein, an efficient strategy to enhance creep resistance of CANs via metal coordination to dynamic covalent imines is demonstrated. Crucially, the coordination bonds not only form additional crosslinks, but also affect the imine exchange. This dual effect results in enhanced glass transition temperature (Tg ), elasticmodulus (G') and creep resistance. The robustness of metal coordination is demonstrated by varying metal ion, counter anion, and coordinating imine ligand. All variations in metal or anion significantly enhance the material properties. The Tg and G' of the CANs are correlated to the coordination bond strength, offering a tunable handle by which choice of metal can steer material properties. Additionally, large differences in Tg and G' are observed for materials with different anions, which are mostly linked to the anion size. This serves as a reminder that for coordination chemistry in the bulk, not only the metal ion is to be considered, but also the accompanying anion. Finally, the reinforcing effect of metal coordination is proved insensitive to the metal-ligand ratio, emphasizing the robustness of the applied method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sybren K Schoustra
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten M J Smulders
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Dautzenberg E, Li G, de Smet LC. Aromatic Amine-Functionalized Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) for CO 2/N 2 Separation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:5118-5127. [PMID: 36648205 PMCID: PMC9906623 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
CO2 is a prominent example for an exhaust gas, and it is known for its high impact on global warming. Therefore, carbon capture from CO2 emissions of industrial processes is increasingly important to halt and prevent the disruptive consequences of global warming. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as porous nanomaterials have been shown to selectively adsorb CO2 in high quantities and with high CO2/N2 selectivity. Interactions with amines are recognized to selectively adsorb CO2 and help capture it from exhaust emissions. Herein, a novel COF (Me3TFB-(NH2)2BD), which was not accessible via a direct condensation reaction, was synthetized by dynamic linker exchange starting with Me3TFB-BD. Despite the linker exchange, the porosity of the COF was largely maintained, resulting in a high BET surface area of 1624 ± 89 m2/g. The CO2 and N2 adsorption isotherms at 273 and 295 K were studied to determine the performance in carbon capture at flue gas conditions. Me3TFB-(NH2)2BD adsorbs 1.12 ± 0.26 and 0.72 ± 0.07 mmol/g of CO2 at 1 bar and 273 and 295 K, respectively. The COF shows a high CO2/N2 IAST selectivity under flue gas conditions (273 K:83 ± 11, 295 K: 47 ± 11). The interaction of the aromatic amine groups with CO2 is based on physisorption, which is expected to make the regeneration of the material energy efficient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Dautzenberg
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University
and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708WEWageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Guanna Li
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University
and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708WEWageningen, The Netherlands
- Biobased
Chemistry and Technology, Wageningen University
and Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708WGWageningen, The
Netherlands
| | - Louis C.P.M. de Smet
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University
and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708WEWageningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Morariu S. Advances in the Design of Phenylboronic Acid-Based Glucose-Sensitive Hydrogels. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030582. [PMID: 36771883 PMCID: PMC9919422 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes, characterized by an uncontrolled blood glucose level, is the main cause of blindness, heart attack, stroke, and lower limb amputation. Glucose-sensitive hydrogels able to release hypoglycemic drugs (such as insulin) as a response to the increase of the glucose level are of interest for researchers, considering the large number of diabetes patients in the world (537 million in 2021, reported by the International Diabetes Federation). Considering the current growth, it is estimated that, up to 2045, the number of people with diabetes will increase to 783 million. The present work reviews the recent developments on the hydrogels based on phenylboronic acid and its derivatives, with sensitivity to glucose, which can be suitable candidates for the design of insulin delivery systems. After a brief presentation of the dynamic covalent bonds, the design of glucose-responsive hydrogels, the mechanism by which the hypoglycemic drug release is achieved, and their self-healing capacity are presented and discussed. Finally, the conclusions and the main aspects that should be addressed in future research are shown.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Morariu
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wu G, Jiao T, Li H. Self-Assembly of a Purely Organic Bowl in Water via Acylhydrazone Formation. Molecules 2023; 28. [PMID: 36770651 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28030976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A bowl-shaped molecule can be self-assembled by condensing a triscationic hexaaldehyde compound and three equiv. of a dihydrazide linkers in pure water. The molecular bowl is thus composed of a triscationic π-electron deficient platform, as well as a hexagonal rim that contains six acylhydrazone functions. When the counteranions are chloride, the solid-state structure reveals that this molecular bowl undergoes dimerization via N-H···Cl hydrogen bonds, forming a cage-like dimer with a huge inner cavity. This molecular bowl can employ its cavity to accommodate a hydrophobic guest, namely 1-adamantanecarboxylic acid in aqueous media.
Collapse
|
28
|
Liu F, Anton N, Niko Y, Klymchenko AS. Controlled Release and Capture of Aldehydes by Dynamic Imine Chemistry in Nanoemulsions: From Delivery to Detoxification. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2023; 6:246-256. [PMID: 36516427 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Current biomedical applications of nanocarriers are focused on drug delivery, where encapsulated cargo is released in the target tissues under the control of external stimuli. Here, we propose a very different approach, where the active toxic molecules are removed from biological tissues by the nanocarrier. It is based on the drug-sponge concept, where specific molecules are captured by the lipid nanoemulsion (NE) droplets due to dynamic covalent chemistry inside their oil core. To this end, we designed a highly lipophilic amine (LipoAmine) capable of reacting with a free cargo-aldehyde (fluorescent dye and 4-hydroxynonenal toxin) directly inside lipid NEs, yielding a lipophilic imine conjugate well encapsulated in the oil core. The formation of imine bonds was first validated using a push-pull pyrene aldehyde dye, which changes its emission color during the reaction. The conjugate formation was independently confirmed by mass spectrometry. As a result, LipoAmine-loaded NEs spontaneously loaded cargo-aldehydes, yielding formulations stable against leakage at pH 7.4, which can further release the cargo in a low pH range (4-6) in solutions and living cells. Using fluorescence microscopy, we showed that LipoAmine NEs can extract pyrene aldehyde dye from cells as well as from an epithelial tissue (chicken skin). Moreover, successful extraction from cells was also achieved for a highly toxic aliphatic aldehyde 4-hydroxynonenal, which allowed obtaining the proof of concept for detoxification of living cells. Taken together, these results show that the dynamic imine chemistry inside NEs can be used to develop detoxification platforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, Illkirch 67401, France.,INSERM UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), CRBS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Nicolas Anton
- INSERM UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), CRBS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Yosuke Niko
- Research and Education Faculty, Multidisciplinary Science Cluster, Interdisciplinary Science Unit, Kochi University, 2-5-1, Akebono-cho, Kochi-shi, Kochi 780-8520, Japan
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, Illkirch 67401, France
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bukhari SNA, Ahmed N, Amjad MW, Hussain MA, Elsherif MA, Ejaz H, Alotaibi NH. Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) as Multi-Target Multifunctional Frameworks. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15020267. [PMID: 36679148 PMCID: PMC9866219 DOI: 10.3390/polym15020267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), synthesized from organic monomers, are porous crystalline polymers. Monomers get attached through strong covalent bonds to form 2D and 3D structures. The adjustable pore size, high stability (chemical and thermal), and metal-free nature of COFs make their applications wider. This review article briefly elaborates the synthesis, types, and applications (catalysis, environmental Remediation, sensors) of COFs. Furthermore, the applications of COFs as biomaterials are comprehensively discussed. There are several reported COFs having good results in anti-cancer and anti-bacterial treatments. At the end, some newly reported COFs having anti-viral and wound healing properties are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Naveed Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Wahab Amjad
- Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Muhammad Ajaz Hussain
- Centre for Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Mervat A. Elsherif
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hasan Ejaz
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser H. Alotaibi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
van Hurne S, Kisters M, Smulders MMJ. Covalent adaptable networks using boronate linkages by incorporating TetraAzaADamantanes. Front Chem 2023; 11:1148629. [PMID: 36909710 PMCID: PMC9995436 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1148629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Boronic esters prepared by condensation of boronic acids and diols have been widely used as dynamic covalent bonds in the synthesis of both discrete assemblies and polymer networks. In this study we investigate the potential of a new dynamic-covalent motif, derived from TetraAzaADamantanes (TAADs), with their adamantane-like triol structure, in boronic ester-based covalent adaptable networks (CANs). The TetraAzaADamantane-boronic ester linkage has recently been reported as a more hydrolytically stable boronic ester variant, while still having a dynamic pH response: small-molecule studies found little exchange at neutral pH, while fast exchange occurred at pH 3.8. In this work, bi- and trifunctional TetraAzaADamantane linkers were synthesised and crosslinked with boronic acids to form rubber-like materials, with a Young's modulus of 1.75 MPa. The dynamic nature of the TetraAzaADamantane networks was confirmed by stress relaxation experiments, revealing Arrhenius-like behaviour, with a corresponding activation energy of 142 ± 10 kJ/mol. Increasing the crosslinking density of the material from 10% to 33% resulted in reduced relaxation times, as is consistent with a higher degree of crosslinking within the dynamic networks. In contrast to the reported accelerating effect of acid addition to small-molecule TetraAzaADamantane complexes, within the polymer network the addition of acid increased relaxation times, suggesting unanticipated interactions between the acid and the polymer that cannot occur in the corresponding small-molecules analogues. The obtained boronate-TetraAzaADamantane materials were thermally stable up to 150°C. This thermal stability, in combination with the intrinsically dynamic bonds inside the polymer network, allowed these materials to be reprocessed and healed after damage by hot-pressing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon van Hurne
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Marijn Kisters
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Blanke M, Neumann T, Gutierrez Suburu ME, Prymak O, Wölper C, Strassert CA, Giese M. Tuning the Fluorescence in Dynamic Covalent Bonded Liquid Crystals. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:55864-55872. [PMID: 36508612 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A series of emissive liquid crystalline materials based on salicylidene derivatives is reported and investigated with respect to their thermoresponsive and mechanochromic properties. Single-crystal analysis and temperature-dependent powder X-ray diffraction measurements allowed us to correlate the intermolecular organization of the mesogens with thermoresponsive changes in the fluorescence behavior. As a proof-of-principle study, we employed the dynamics of the imine bond in transamination reactions for postsynthetic tuning of the fluorescence behavior as a further step toward the development of adaptive materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meik Blanke
- Organic Chemistry and CeNIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Thorben Neumann
- Organic Chemistry and CeNIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Matias Ezequiel Gutierrez Suburu
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
- CeNTech, SoN, CiMIC, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Oleg Prymak
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and CeNIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and CeNIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Cristian A Strassert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
- CeNTech, SoN, CiMIC, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Giese
- Organic Chemistry and CeNIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wang Q, Wang Z, Zhang D, Gu J, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Chen J. Circular Patterns of Dynamic Covalent Hydrogels with Gradient Stiffness for Screening of the Stem Cell Microenvironment. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:47461-47471. [PMID: 36240467 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As extracellular matrix (ECM) mimetic materials, hydrogels have been widely used for broad biomedical applications. However, with so many physical or chemical cues in the matrix that regulate cell behaviors or functions, it remains challenging to design a customizable hydrogel with the desired properties on demand. In the current study, we aim to establish a circular-patterned hydrogel model with gradient stiffness for screening the most favorable ECM environment for specific cells or certain application purposes. First, six types of hydrogels with a wide stiffness range of 1.2-28.9 kPa were prepared by dynamic covalent cross-linking between gelatin derivatives and oxidized hyaluronic acid. Taking advantage of their instantaneous self-healing property from dynamic chemistry, the hydrogels were further spliced into one whole piece of circular-patterned hydrogel. When rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were seeded in the center, the influences of matrix stiffness on the regulation of stem cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation were directly observed and compared under one visual field. In addition, these hydrogels all possessed good biocompatibility, degradability, and injectability, showing great potential for tissue-engineering-related applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qimeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Ziyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Difei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Jieyu Gu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Yongxin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Jinghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Miao Z, Quainoo T, Czyszczon-Burton TM, Rotthowe N, Parr JM, Liu ZF, Inkpen MS. Charge Transport Across Dynamic Covalent Chemical Bridges. Nano Lett 2022; 22:8331-8338. [PMID: 36215246 PMCID: PMC9614958 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Relationships between chemical structure and conductivity in ordered polymers (OPs) are difficult to probe using bulk samples. We propose that conductance measurements of appropriate molecular-scale models can reveal trends in electronic coupling(s) between repeat units that may help inform OP design. Here, we apply the scanning tunneling microscope-based break-junction (STM-BJ) method to study transport through single-molecules comprising OP-relevant imine, imidazole, diazaborole, and boronate ester dynamic covalent chemical bridges. Notably, solution-stable boron-based compounds dissociate in situ unless measured under a rigorously inert glovebox atmosphere. We find that junction conductance negatively correlates with the electronegativity difference between bridge atoms, and corroborative first-principles calculations further reveal a different nodal structure in the transmission eigenchannels of boronate ester junctions. This work reaffirms expectations that highly polarized bridge motifs represent poor choices for the construction of OPs with high through-bond conductivity and underscores the utility of glovebox STM-BJ instrumentation for studies of air-sensitive materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zelin Miao
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Timothy Quainoo
- Department
of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Thomas M. Czyszczon-Burton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Nils Rotthowe
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Joseph M. Parr
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Zhen-Fei Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Michael S. Inkpen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zheng S, Liu G. Polymeric Emissive Materials Based on Dynamic Covalent Bonds. Molecules 2022; 27:6635. [PMID: 36235170 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic covalent polymers, composed of dynamic covalent bonds (DCBs), have received increasing attention in the last decade due to their adaptive and reversible nature compared with common covalent linked polymers. Incorporating the DCBs into the polymeric material endows it with advanced performance including self-healing, shape memory property, and so forth. However, the emissive ability of such dynamic covalent polymeric materials has been rarely reviewed. Herein, this review has summarized DCBs-based emissive polymeric materials which are classified according to the different types of DCBs, including imine bond, acylhydrazone bond, boronic ester bond, dynamic C-C bond, as well as the reversible bonds based on Diels–Alder reaction and transesterification. The mechanism of chemical reactions and various stimuli-responsive behaviors of DCBs are introduced, followed by typical emissive polymers resulting from these DCBs. By taking advantage of the reversible nature of DCBs under chemical/physical stimuli, the constructed emissive polymeric materials show controllable and switchable emission. Finally, challenges and future trends in this field are briefly discussed in this review.
Collapse
|
35
|
Shen KH, Yeh YY, Chiu TH, Wang R, Yeh YC. Dual Dynamic Covalently Crosslinked Alginate Hydrogels with Tunable Properties and Multiple Stimuli-Responsiveness. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:4249-4261. [PMID: 36173708 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Alginate is a biopolymer that can be crosslinked with calcium ions to fabricate cytocompatible hydrogels. However, using calcium ions to crosslink alginate provides limited properties and functions to alginate hydrogels, restricting their biomedical applications. Here, phenylboronic acid-functionalized polyethyleneimine (PBA-PEI) was developed to introduce two orthogonal dynamic covalent crosslinks in the alginate hydrogels, where PBA-PEI was used to crosslink alginate dialdehyde (ADA) through imine bonds and boronate ester bonds. The grafting degree of PBA in the PEI structure was applied to fine-tune the properties of PBA-PEI/ADA hydrogels, including the rheological property, mechanical strength, swelling behavior, and antibacterial activity. In particular, the highly sensitive boronate ester bonds in the network enabled PBA-PEI/ADA hydrogels to be responsive to several stimuli, such as glucose, fructose, and hydrogen peroxide. Taken together, PBA-PEI/ADA hydrogels with tunable properties and multiple stimuli-responsiveness have been demonstrated as smart biomaterials for advanced biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Han Shen
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Yu Yeh
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hsiang Chiu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Reuben Wang
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Cheun Yeh
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Cao BP, Dai C, Wang X, Xiao Q, Wei D. Ultrasensitive and Regenerative Transistor Sensor Based on Dynamic Covalent Chemistry. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:6947. [PMID: 36146305 PMCID: PMC9505547 DOI: 10.3390/s22186947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Field-effect transistor (FET) sensors require not only high sensitivity but also excellent regeneration ability before widespread applications are possible. Although some regenerative FETs have been reported, their lowest limit of detection (LoD) barely achieves 10-15 mol L-1. Here, we develop a graphene FET with a regenerative sensing interface based on dynamic covalent chemistry (DCvC). The LoD down to 5.0 × 10-20 mol L-1 remains even after 10 regenerative cycles, around 4-5 orders of magnitude lower than existing transistor sensors. Owing to its ultra-sensitivity, regeneration ability, and advantages such as simplicity, low cost, label-free and real-time response, the FET sensor based on DCvC is valuable in applications such as medical diagnosis, environment monitoring, etc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ban-Peng Cao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Changhao Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qiang Xiao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Dacheng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
Hydrogels are crosslinked polymer networks with time-dependent mechanical response. The overall mechanical properties are correlated with the dynamics of the crosslinks. Generally, hydrogels crosslinked by permanent chemical crosslinks are strong but static, while hydrogels crosslinked by physical interactions are weak but dynamic. It is highly desirable to create synthetic hydrogels that possess strong mechanical stability yet remain dynamic for various applications, such as drug delivery cargos, tissue engineering scaffolds, and shape-memory materials. Recently, with the introduction of dynamic covalent chemistry, the seemingly conflicting mechanical properties, i.e., stability and dynamics, have been successfully combined in the same hydrogels. Dynamic covalent bonds are mechanically stable yet still capable of exchanging, dissociating, or switching in response to external stimuli, empowering the hydrogels with self-healing properties, injectability and suitability for postprocessing and additive manufacturing. Here in this review, we first summarize the common dynamic covalent bonds used in hydrogel networks based on various chemical reaction mechanisms and the mechanical strength of these bonds at the single molecule level. Next, we discuss how dynamic covalent chemistry makes hydrogel materials more dynamic from the materials perspective. Furthermore, we highlight the challenges and future perspectives of dynamic covalent hydrogels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueying Han
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan 250021, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (H.L.)
| | - Hai Lei
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (H.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lim B, Kato T, Besnard C, Poblador Bahamonde AI, Sakai N, Matile S. Pnictogen-Centered Cascade Exchangers for Thiol-Mediated Uptake: As(III)-, Sb(III)-, and Bi(III)-Expanded Cyclic Disulfides as Inhibitors of Cytosolic Delivery and Viral Entry. JACS Au 2022; 2:1105-1114. [PMID: 35615714 PMCID: PMC9063988 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic covalent exchange cascades with cellular thiols are of interest to deliver substrates to the cytosol and to inhibit the entry of viruses. The best transporters and inhibitors known today are cyclic cascade exchangers (CAXs), producing a new exchanger with every exchange, mostly cyclic oligochalcogenides, particularly disulfides. The objective of this study was to expand the dynamic covalent chalcogen exchange cascades in thiol-mediated uptake by inserting pnictogen relays. A family of pnictogen-expanded cyclic disulfides covering As(III), Sb(III), and Bi(III) is introduced. Their ability to inhibit thiol-mediated cytosolic delivery is explored with fluorescently labeled CAXs as transporters. The promise of inhibiting viral entry is assessed with SARS-CoV-2 lentiviral vectors. Oxygen-bridged seven-membered 1,3,2-dithiabismepane rings are identified as privileged scaffolds. The same holds for six-membered 1,3,2-dithiarsinane rings made from asparagusic acid and para-aminophenylarsine oxide, which are inactive or toxic when used alone. These chemically complementary Bi(III) and As(III) cascade exchangers inhibit both thiol-mediated cytosolic delivery and SARS-CoV-2 lentivector uptake at concentrations of 10 μM or lower. Crystal structures, computational models, and exchange kinetics support that lentivector entry inhibition of the contracted dithiarsinane and the expanded dithiabismepane rings coincides with exchange cascades that occur without the release of the pnictogen relay and benefit from noncovalent pnictogen bonds. The identified leads open perspectives regarding drug delivery as well as unorthodox approaches toward dynamic covalent inhibition of cellular entry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bumhee Lim
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Takehiro Kato
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Celine Besnard
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Jo H, Sim S. Programmable Living Materials Constructed with the Dynamic Covalent Interface between Synthetic Polymers and Engineered B. subtilis. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:20729-20738. [PMID: 35485836 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the first example of programmable living materials constructed with a dynamic covalent interface between designed synthetic polymers and engineered B. subtilis cells. We identified a molecular motif that forms reversible dynamic covalent bonds on the B. subtilis cell surface. Combining block copolymers bearing this motif with genetically engineered B. subtilis yields programmable living materials that can be equipped with functionalities such as biosensing and on-demand elution of recombinant proteins. Encapsulated cells in these living materials could be reversibly retrieved and subjected to biological analyses. Further, the block copolymer in these living materials could be recycled to produce a new batch of living materials. This work advances the current capabilities in engineered living materials, establishes the groundwork for building a myriad of synthetic polymeric materials integrating engineered living cells, and provides a platform for understanding the biology of cells confined within materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyuna Jo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Seunghyun Sim
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Čierna M, Berkeš D, Baran P, Šoral M, Kolarovič A, Jakubec P. Stereochemical switch driven by crystallization: Interplay between stoichiometry and configuration of the products. Chirality 2022; 34:948-954. [PMID: 35470504 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An intriguing example of a crystallization-induced stereochemical switch in the configuration of aza-Michael reaction products is described. Depending on both the stereochemical purity and stoichiometric ratio of the chiral amine used, the reaction delivers crystalline diastereomers of a different stereochemistry. The optically pure diastereomer smoothly converts to its racemic epimer salt upon the addition of a complementary chiral amine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Čierna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dušan Berkeš
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Baran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Juniata College, Huntington, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michal Šoral
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andrej Kolarovič
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Trnava University, Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Jakubec
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Catalysis and Petrochemistry, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kato T, Lim B, Cheng Y, Pham AT, Maynard J, Moreau D, Poblador-Bahamonde AI, Sakai N, Matile S. Cyclic Thiosulfonates for Thiol-Mediated Uptake: Cascade Exchangers, Transporters, Inhibitors. JACS Au 2022; 2:839-852. [PMID: 35557769 PMCID: PMC9088311 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Thiol-mediated uptake is emerging as a powerful method to penetrate cells. Cyclic oligochalcogenides (COCs) have been identified as privileged scaffolds to enable and inhibit thiol-mediated uptake because they can act as dynamic covalent cascade exchangers, i.e., every exchange produces a new, covalently tethered exchanger. In this study, our focus is on the essentially unexplored COCs of higher oxidation levels. Quantitative characterization of the underlying dynamic covalent exchange cascades reveals that the initial ring opening of cyclic thiosulfonates (CTOs) proceeds at a high speed even at a low pH. The released sulfinates exchange with disulfides in aprotic but much less in protic environments. Hydrophobic domains were thus introduced to direct CTOs into hydrophobic pockets to enhance their reactivity. Equipped with such directing groups, fluorescently labeled CTOs entered the cytosol of living cells more efficiently than the popular asparagusic acid. Added as competitive agents, CTOs inhibit the uptake of various COC transporters and SARS-CoV-2 lentivectors. Orthogonal trends found with different transporters support the existence of multiple cellular partners to account for the diverse expressions of thiol-mediated uptake. Dominant self-inhibition and high activity of dimers imply selective and synergistic exchange in hydrophobic pockets as distinguishing characteristics of thiol-mediated uptake with CTOs. The best CTO dimers with hydrophobic directing groups inhibit the cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2 lentivectors with an IC50 significantly lower than the previous best CTO, below the 10 μM threshold and better than ebselen. Taken together, these results identify CTOs as an intriguing motif for use in cytosolic delivery, as inhibitors of lentivector entry, and for the evolution of dynamic covalent networks in the broadest sense, with reactivity-based selectivity of cascade exchange emerging as a distinguishing characteristic that deserves further attention.
Collapse
|
42
|
Blanke M, Postulka L, Ciara I, D'Acierno F, Hildebrandt M, Gutmann JS, Dong RY, Michal CA, Giese M. Manipulation of Liquid Crystalline Properties by Dynamic Covalent Chemistry─En Route to Adaptive Materials. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:16755-16763. [PMID: 35377595 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic covalent bonds bear great potential for the development of adaptive and self-healing materials. Herein, we introduce a versatile concept not only for the design of low-molecular-weight liquid crystals but also for their in situ postsynthetic modification by using the dynamic covalent nature of imine bonds. The methodology allows systematic investigations of structure-property relationships as well as the manipulation of the materials' behavior (liquid crystallinity) and the introduction of additional properties (here, fluorescence) by a solvent-free method. For the first time, the transamination reaction is followed by variable-temperature 19F solid-state NMR in the mesophase, providing insights into the reaction dynamics in a liquid crystalline material. Finally, the application potential for the design of liquid crystalline materials with adaptive properties is demonstrated by a sequential combination of these reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meik Blanke
- Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Leona Postulka
- Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Isabelle Ciara
- Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Francesco D'Acierno
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Marcus Hildebrandt
- Physical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 2, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Jochen S Gutmann
- Physical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 2, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Ronald Y Dong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Carl A Michal
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Michael Giese
- Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Yang L, Li L, Li H, Wang T, Ren X, Cheng Y, Li Y, Huang Q. Layer-by-Layer Assembled Smart Antibacterial Coatings via Mussel-Inspired Polymerization and Dynamic Covalent Chemistry. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200112. [PMID: 35182462 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial colonization on the surface of medical implanted devices and bacterial infection-induced biofilm have been a lethal risk for patients of clinical treatment. While antibacterial coatings fabricated by layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly techniques have been well explored, the facile preparation of substrate-independent smart antibacterial coatings with on-demand antibiotics release profile and excellent antibacterial performance is still urgently needed. In this work, this goal is addressed by LBL assembly fabrication of robust antibacterial coatings using naturally occurring and commercially available building blocks (i.e., aminoglycosides, 5,6-dihydroxyindole, and formylphenylboronic acid) via the subsequentially performed mussel-inspired polymerization and dynamic covalent chemistries. The resulting antibacterial coatings on different substates all presente a dynamic feature (i.e., pH-responsive), on-demand antibiotics release properties, and highly effective antibacterial performance both in vitro and in vivo. It is envisioned that this work can expand the scope of LBL assembly technique toward the next generation of robust and universal antibacterial coating materials by using natural building blocks and readily available chemistries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Orthopedics Oncology Changzheng Hospital the Navy Medical University Shanghai 200003 China
| | - Haotian Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Tianyou Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Xiancheng Ren
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Yiyun Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology School of Life Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Yiwen Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Quan Huang
- Department of Orthopedics Oncology Changzheng Hospital the Navy Medical University Shanghai 200003 China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Belenguer AM, Michalchuk AAL, Lampronti GI, Sanders JKM. Using Solid Catalysts in Disulfide-Based Dynamic Combinatorial Solution- and Mechanochemistry. ChemSusChem 2022; 15:e202102416. [PMID: 34863026 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
It was shown for the first time that solid amines can act as catalysts for disulfide-based dynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC) by ball mill grinding. The mechanochemical equilibrium for the two disulfide reactions studied was reached within 1-3 h using ten different amine catalysts. This contrasts with the weeks to months to achieve solution equilibrium for most solid amine catalysts at 2 %mol mol-1 concentration in a 2 mMolar disulfide dynamic combinatorial library in a suitable solvent. The final mechanochemical equilibrium was independent of the catalyst used but varied with other ball mill grinding factors such as the presence of traces of solvent. The different efficiencies of the amines tested were discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Belenguer
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Adam A L Michalchuk
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Giulio I Lampronti
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EQ, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy K M Sanders
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Liguori A, Hakkarainen M. Designed from Biobased for Recycling: Imine-Based Covalent Adaptable Networks. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2100816. [PMID: 35080074 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Turning thermosets into fully sustainable materials requires utilization of biobased raw materials and design for easy recyclability. Here, dynamic covalent chemistry for fabrication of covalent adaptable networks (CANs) could be an enabling tool. CAN thermosets ideally combine the positive material properties of thermosets with thermal recyclability of linear thermoplastics. Among the dynamic covalent bonds, imine bond, also called Schiff base, can participate in both dissociative and associative pathways. This induces potential for chemical recyclability, thermal reprocessability and self-healing. This review presents an overview of the current research front of biobased thermosets fabricated by Schiff base chemistry. The discussed materials are categorized on the basis of the employed biobased components. The chemical approaches for the synthesis and curing of the resins, as well as the resulting properties and recyclability of the obtained thermosets are described and discussed. Finally, challenges and future perspectives are briefly summarized. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Liguori
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 58, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Teknikringen 58, Stockholm, 100 44, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Hu D, Mao L, Wang M, Huang H, Hu R, Ma H, Yuan J, Wei Y. In Situ Visualization of Reversible Diels-Alder Reactions with Self-Reporting Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:3485-3495. [PMID: 34994541 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic reversible Diels-Alder (DA) reactions play essential roles in both academic and applied fields. Currently, in situ visualization and direct monitoring of the formation and cleavage of covalent bonds in DA reactions are hampered by finite compatibility and expensive precise instruments, especially limited in solid reactions. We herein report a fluorescence system capable of in situ visualization by naked eyes and monitoring DA/retro-DA reactions. With the fluorescence quenching effect, the synthesized TPEMI could work as an innovative self-indicator for both DA termination and retro-DA occurrence. The fluorescence increases during DA reactions, and the mechanism is investigated to establish qualitative and quantitative relations. Besides rapid screening of reaction conditions and monitoring of DA exchange processes, the TPEMI fluorescence system can visualize heterogeneous and solid-state reactions with the AIE character. The TPEMI platform is expected to offer novel insights into reversible DA processes and dynamic covalent chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danning Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Liucheng Mao
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mengshi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hongye Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Renjian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haijun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jinying Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yen Wei
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Nanotechnology, Institute of Biomedical Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zhang Y, Wang Q, Wang Z, Zhang D, Gu J, Ye K, Su D, Zhang Y, Chen J, Barboiu M. Strong, Self-Healing Gelatin Hydrogels Cross-Linked by Double Dynamic Covalent Chemistry. Chempluschem 2021; 86:1524-1529. [PMID: 34791814 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels constructed from natural sources have received increased attention recently, including applications in biomedical fields. They are protein or polysaccharide cross-linked scaffolds that display water retention and are able to recognize host cargos. Their excellent biocompatibility does not always combine with high mechanical strength (up to 136 kPa) and thermostability, making them less useful in biomedical applications. This paper reports biocompatible gelatin hydrogels, double cross-linked via imine and Diels-Alder (DA) dynamic covalent frameworks. They showed integrated advantages of adjustable and durable mechanical strength, good thermal stability, biocompatibility for promoting cell growth and reasonable degradable rate. These hydrogels possess remarkable self-healing property, acid/alkali resistance at 65 °C and good integrity in organic solvents at 130 °C, holding great potential for biomedical applications in the areas such as cartilage regeneration, articular reconstruction or soft robotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, P.R. China
| | - Qimeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, P.R. China
| | - Ziyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, P.R. China
| | - Difei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, P.R. China
| | - Jieyu Gu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, P.R. China
| | - Kewei Ye
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Su
- Institut Europeen des Membranes, Adaptive Supramolecular Nanosystems Group, University of Montpellier, ENSCM-CNRS, Place E. Bataillon CC047, 34095, Montpellier, France
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, P.R. China
| | - Jinghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, P.R. China
| | - Mihail Barboiu
- Institut Europeen des Membranes, Adaptive Supramolecular Nanosystems Group, University of Montpellier, ENSCM-CNRS, Place E. Bataillon CC047, 34095, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Higgs PL, Appleton JL, Turnbull WB, Fulton DA. Exploiting the Structural Metamorphosis of Polymers to 'Wrap' Micron-Sized Spherical Objects. Chemistry 2021; 27:17647-17654. [PMID: 34665484 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
There is growing interest in developing methods to 'wrap' nano- and micron-sized biological objects within films that may offer protection, enhance their stability or improve performance. We describe the successful 'wrapping' of lectin-decorated microspheres, which serve as appealing model micron-sized objects, within cross-linked polymer film. This approach utilizes polymer chains able to undergo a structural metamorphosis, from being intramolecularly cross-linked to intermolecularly cross-linked, a process that is triggered by polymer concentration upon the particle surface. Experiments demonstrate that both complementary molecular recognition and the dynamic covalent nature of the crosslinker are required for successful 'wrapping' to occur. This work is significant as it suggests that nano- and micron-sized biological objects such as virus-like particles, bacteria or mammalian cells-all of which may benefit from additional environmental protection or stabilization in emerging applications-may also be 'wrapped' by this approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick L Higgs
- Chemistry-School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Jordan L Appleton
- Chemistry-School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - W Bruce Turnbull
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural MolecularBiology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - David A Fulton
- Chemistry-School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Iwasawa N, Ono K. 3D-Boronic Ester Architectures: Synthesis, Host-Guest Chemistry, Dynamic Behavior, and Supramolecular Catalysis. CHEM REC 2021; 22:e202100214. [PMID: 34596949 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Boronic esters are known to be formed simply by mixing boronic acids and alcohols under neutral conditions, and the equilibrium is in favor of the boronic esters when 1,2- or 1,3-diols are employed as alcohols. By utilizing the dynamic nature of the boronic ester formation, our group successfully constructed unique boron-containing 3D structures, such as ring-shaped macrocycles, cages, and tubes, based on the boronic ester formation of various aromatic di-, tri-, or hexaboronic acids with an originally designed tetrol 1 containing two sets of fixed 1,2-diol units oriented on the same face of an indacene framework. Various functions of the obtained boronates were further pursued to disclose the characteristic features of this system. This personal account describes our self-assembled boronate system using tetrol 1 including synthesis, host-guest chemistry, kinetic connection, characteristic dynamic behaviors, and supramolecular catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuharu Iwasawa
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
| | - Kosuke Ono
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8551, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Shi CY, Zhang Q, Wang BS, Chen M, Qu DH. Intrinsically Photopolymerizable Dynamic Polymers Derived from a Natural Small Molecule. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:44860-44867. [PMID: 34499480 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c11679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Developing photopolymerizable polymeric materials offers many opportunities to process materials in a remote and controllable manner. However, most photopolymerizable technologies require the external introduction of photoabsorbing units, whereas designing intrinsically photopolymerizable polymers is still highly challenging. Here, we report that a natural small-molecule disulfide, thioctic acid, can be directly transformed into a poly(disulfides) network under the irradiation of visible light without any external additives. The resulting polymer network exhibits optical transparency, mechanical stretchability and toughness, ambient self-healing ability, and especially strong adhesive ability to different surfaces. The dynamic covalent backbones of the poly(disulfides) endow the depolymerization ability to recycle the material in a closed-loop manner. We foresee that this facile and robust photopolymerization system is of great promise toward low-cost and high-performance photocuring coatings and adhesives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yu Shi
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Bang-Sen Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Da-Hui Qu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| |
Collapse
|