51
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Wu D, Rigo S, Di Leone S, Belluati A, Constable EC, Housecroft CE, Palivan CG. Brushing the surface: cascade reactions between immobilized nanoreactors. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:1551-1562. [PMID: 31859312 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr08502e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Functionalization of hard or soft surfaces with, for example, ligands, enzymes or proteins, is an effective and practical methodology for the development of new applications. We report the assembly of two types of nanoreactors based upon poly(dimethylsiloxane)-block-poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (PDMS-b-PMOXA) diblock copolymers as scaffold, uricase and lactoperoxidase as bio-catalysts located within the nanoreactors, and melittin as the biopores inserted into the hydrophobic shell. The nanoreactors were immobilized on poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-co-poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate hydrochloride) (PHEMA-co-P(2-AEMA·HCl) brushes-grafted wafer surfaces by utilizing the strong supramolecular interactions between biotin and streptavidin. The (PHEMA-co-P(2-AEMA·HCl) brushes on silicon surfaces were prepared by a surface initiating atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) "graft-from" technique. Cascade reactions between different surface-anchored nanoreactors were demonstrated by converting Amplex® Red to the fluorescent probe resorufin by using the H2O2 produced from uric acid and H2O. The detailed properties of the nanoreactors on the functionalized surface including the binding behaviours and cascade reactions were investigated using emission spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), light scattering (LS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM-D). The results are proof-of-principle for the preparation of catalytically functional engineered surface materials and lay the foundation for applying this advanced functional surface material in biosensing, implanting and antimicrobial materials preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
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52
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Meyer CE, Abram SL, Craciun I, Palivan CG. Biomolecule–polymer hybrid compartments: combining the best of both worlds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:11197-11218. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00693a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in bio/polymer hybrid compartments in the quest to obtain artificial cells, biosensors and catalytic compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ioana Craciun
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- Basel
- Switzerland
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53
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Belluati A, Craciun I, Meyer CE, Rigo S, Palivan CG. Enzymatic reactions in polymeric compartments: nanotechnology meets nature. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2019; 60:53-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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54
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Self-assembly of artificial peroxidase mimics from alternating copolymers with chromogenic and biocatalyst potentialities. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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55
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Zhang Y, Gal N, Itel F, Westensee IN, Brodszkij E, Mayer D, Stenger S, Castellote-Borrell M, Boesen T, Tabaei SR, Höök F, Städler B. Hybrid vesicles as intracellular reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide generators. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:11530-11541. [PMID: 31150038 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr02584g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Artificial organelles are envisioned as nanosized assemblies with intracellular biocatalytic activity to provide the host cells with non-native or missing/lost function. Hybrid vesicles loaded with glucose oxidase (NRGOx) or β-galactosidase (NRβ-Gal) and equipped with lysosomal escape ability are assembled using phospholipids and the block copolymer poly(cholesteryl methacrylate)-block-poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate). The co-localization of the building blocks and the catalytic activity of NRGOx and NRβ-Gal are illustrated. The intracellular activity of the nanoreactors in RAW 264.7 macrophages is confirmed by an enhanced reduction in viability for cells pre-incubated with NRGOx in the presence of glucose due to the generation of cytotoxic hydrogen peroxide compared to the controls. In addition, RAW 264.7 macrophages and primary human macrophages equipped with NRβ-Gal are able to intracellularly convert β-Gal-NONOate into nitric oxide. The successful use of these hybrid vesicles to equip host macrophages with additional catalytic activity diversifies the available toolbox of nanocarriers with envisioned application in cell mimicry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
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56
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Wong CK, Chen F, Walther A, Stenzel MH. Bioactive Patchy Nanoparticles with Compartmentalized Cargoes for Simultaneous and Trackable Delivery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:7335-7340. [PMID: 30866152 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201901880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have seen an increased interest in the use of ABC triblock terpolymers to bottom-up assemble multicompartment patchy nanoparticles. Despite these experimental and theoretical efforts, the applications of polymer-based patchy nanoparticles remain rather limited. One of the major challenges that eclipses their potential is the lack of knowledge to selectively encapsulate cargoes within different compartments that are separated in the nanometer length scale. Here, strategies are reported to segregate two chemically distinct molecules in either the patches or core compartment of patchy nanoparticles that bear a (bioactive) sugar corona. The potential use of these bioactive patchy nanoparticles containing compartmentalized cargoes for simultaneous drug delivery with real-time release monitoring capabilities is further demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Ken Wong
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Fan Chen
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Andreas Walther
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Strasse 31, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martina H Stenzel
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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57
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Wong CK, Chen F, Walther A, Stenzel MH. Bioactive Patchy Nanoparticles with Compartmentalized Cargoes for Simultaneous and Trackable Delivery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201901880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chin Ken Wong
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design School of Chemistry University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Fan Chen
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design School of Chemistry University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Andreas Walther
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg Stefan-Meier-Strasse 31 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Martina H. Stenzel
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design School of Chemistry University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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58
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Shen H, Wang Y, Wang J, Li Z, Yuan Q. Emerging Biomimetic Applications of DNA Nanotechnology. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:13859-13873. [PMID: 29939004 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b06175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Re-engineering cellular components and biological processes has received great interest and promised compelling advantages in applications ranging from basic cell biology to biomedicine. With the advent of DNA nanotechnology, the programmable self-assembly ability makes DNA an appealing candidate for rational design of artificial components with different structures and functions. This Forum Article summarizes recent developments of DNA nanotechnology in mimicking the structures and functions of existing cellular components. We highlight key successes in the achievements of DNA-based biomimetic membrane proteins and discuss the assembly behavior of these artificial proteins. Then, we focus on the construction of higher-order structures by DNA nanotechnology to recreate cell-like structures. Finally, we explore the current challenges and speculate on future directions of DNA nanotechnology in biomimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , 430072 , China
| | - Yingqian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , 430072 , China
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , 430072 , China
| | - Zhihao Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , 430072 , China
| | - Quan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , 430072 , China
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59
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Niu Y, Li H. Amphiphilic block poly(propylene carbonate)‐block‐allyloxypolyethyleneglycol copolymer based shell cross‐linked micelles for controlled release of drug. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Niu
- College of Chemistry and PharmacyQingdao Agricultural University Qingdao 266109 China
| | - Hongchun Li
- College of Chemistry and PharmacyQingdao Agricultural University Qingdao 266109 China
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60
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Polymer membranes as templates for bio-applications ranging from artificial cells to active surfaces. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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61
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Zhang B, Wang F, Zhou H, Gao D, Yuan Z, Wu C, Zhang X. Polymer Dots Compartmentalized in Liposomes as a Photocatalyst for In Situ Hydrogen Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:2744-2748. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boyu Zhang
- Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Macau Macau SAR China
- College of Medical LaboratoryDalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning 116044 China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Macau Macau SAR China
| | - Duyang Gao
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical ImagingInstitute of Biomedical and Health EngineeringShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Science Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Zhen Yuan
- Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Macau Macau SAR China
| | - Changfeng Wu
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Xuanjun Zhang
- Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Macau Macau SAR China
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62
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Zhang B, Wang F, Zhou H, Gao D, Yuan Z, Wu C, Zhang X. Polymer Dots Compartmentalized in Liposomes as a Photocatalyst for In Situ Hydrogen Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boyu Zhang
- Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Macau Macau SAR China
- College of Medical LaboratoryDalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning 116044 China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Macau Macau SAR China
| | - Duyang Gao
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical ImagingInstitute of Biomedical and Health EngineeringShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Science Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Zhen Yuan
- Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Macau Macau SAR China
| | - Changfeng Wu
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Xuanjun Zhang
- Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Macau Macau SAR China
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63
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Sharma V, Sundaramurthy A. Reusable Hollow Polymer Microreactors Incorporated with Anisotropic Nanoparticles for Catalysis Application. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:628-636. [PMID: 31459352 PMCID: PMC6647938 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We report a methodology to encapsulate gold nanorods (AuNRs) and gold bipyramids (AuBPs) into polyelectrolyte capsules for catalytic application. Microreactors (capsules with encapsulated NRs or BPs) were fabricated by sequential deposition of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and dextran sulfate on modified sacrificial template, followed by core dissolution. AuNRs and AuBPs of size 25-30 nm were successfully encapsulated in the fabricated polyelectrolyte capsules and were stable and distributed uniformly in the interior. Fabricated microreactors were investigated as catalysts for the reduction of p-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol in the presence of sodium borohydride in aqueous phase. Reaction parameters such as order, conversion, and rate constants were estimated for microreactors and compared to free anisotropic nanoparticles in suspension. The reaction rate was higher for NRs in both free and capsule forms compared to BPs. Microreactors demonstrated excellent catalytic activity even after three times of use. Such capsules have high potential for use as microreactors in applications such as catalysis, drug delivery, imaging, and cancer chemo-photothermal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Sharma
- SRM
Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of
Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute
of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy
- SRM
Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of
Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute
of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
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64
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Yorulmaz Avsar S, Kyropoulou M, Di Leone S, Schoenenberger CA, Meier WP, Palivan CG. Biomolecules Turn Self-Assembling Amphiphilic Block Co-polymer Platforms Into Biomimetic Interfaces. Front Chem 2019; 6:645. [PMID: 30671429 PMCID: PMC6331732 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological membranes constitute an interface between cells and their surroundings and form distinct compartments within the cell. They also host a variety of biomolecules that carry out vital functions including selective transport, signal transduction and cell-cell communication. Due to the vast complexity and versatility of the different membranes, there is a critical need for simplified and specific model membrane platforms to explore the behaviors of individual biomolecules while preserving their intrinsic function. Information obtained from model membrane platforms should make invaluable contributions to current and emerging technologies in biotechnology, nanotechnology and medicine. Amphiphilic block co-polymers are ideal building blocks to create model membrane platforms with enhanced stability and robustness. They form various supramolecular assemblies, ranging from three-dimensional structures (e.g., micelles, nanoparticles, or vesicles) in aqueous solution to planar polymer membranes on solid supports (e.g., polymer cushioned/tethered membranes,) and membrane-like polymer brushes. Furthermore, polymer micelles and polymersomes can also be immobilized on solid supports to take advantage of a wide range of surface sensitive analytical tools. In this review article, we focus on self-assembled amphiphilic block copolymer platforms that are hosting biomolecules. We present different strategies for harnessing polymer platforms with biomolecules either by integrating proteins or peptides into assemblies or by attaching proteins or DNA to their surface. We will discuss how to obtain synthetic structures on solid supports and their characterization using different surface sensitive analytical tools. Finally, we highlight present and future perspectives of polymer micelles and polymersomes for biomedical applications and those of solid-supported polymer membranes for biosensing.
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65
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Abstract
Catalysis is at the base of a series of biological and technological application processes. In recent years, the tendency has developed to carry out catalyzed reactions within confined structures, thus forming systems called micro or nanoreactors. Compartmentalized structures are cavities delimited by a wall where specific functions are introduced with a defined concentration and in the desired sites. These containers are generally referred to as nano or microcapsules, assuming the function of reactors in the presence of chemical reactions. Among the various types of existing structures, one of the most interesting is represented by systems made with polymers. This review aims to highlight some of the current advances in the use of functionalized structures that are useful for catalysis reactions, paying particular attention to polymer capsules and enzymes. The built-up methods used for the production of polymer capsules, as well as the aspects that influence membrane permeability and reactivity to environmental conditions, are discussed. Recent advances on biocatalysis confined in polymeric capsules are illustrated, and the strengths and weaknesses of the principal nanoreactors are considered.
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66
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Nishimura T, Akiyoshi K. Biotransporting Biocatalytic Reactors toward Therapeutic Nanofactories. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1800801. [PMID: 30479925 PMCID: PMC6247036 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201800801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Drug-delivery systems (DDSs), in which drug encapsulation in nanoparticles enables targeted delivery of therapeutic agents and their release at specific disease sites, are important because they improve drug efficacy and help to decrease side effects. Although significant progress has been made in the development of DDSs for the treatment of a wide range of diseases, new approaches that increase the scope and effectiveness of such systems are still needed. Concepts such as nanoreactors and nanofactories are therefore attracting much attention. Nanoreactors, which basically consist of vesicle-encapsulated enzymes, provide prodrug conversion to therapeutic agents rather than simple drug delivery. Nanofactories are an extension of this concept and combine the features of nanoreactors and delivery carriers. Here, the required features of nanofactories are discussed and an overview of current strategies for the design and fabrication of different types of nanoreactors, i.e., systems based on lipid or polymer vesicles, capsules, mesoporous silica, viral capsids, and hydrogels, and their respective advantages and shortcomings, is provided. In vivo applications of biocatalytic reactors in the treatment of cancer, glaucoma, neuropathic pain, and alcohol intoxication are also discussed. Finally, the prospects for further progress in this important and promising field are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Nishimura
- Department of Polymer ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityKatsuraNishikyo‐kuKyoto615‐8510Japan
- ERATO Bio‐Nanotransporter ProjectJapan Science and Technology Agency (JST)Kyoto UniversityKatsuraNishikyo‐kuKyoto615‐8530Japan
| | - Kazunari Akiyoshi
- Department of Polymer ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityKatsuraNishikyo‐kuKyoto615‐8510Japan
- ERATO Bio‐Nanotransporter ProjectJapan Science and Technology Agency (JST)Kyoto UniversityKatsuraNishikyo‐kuKyoto615‐8530Japan
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67
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Garni M, Einfalt T, Goers R, Palivan CG, Meier W. Live Follow-Up of Enzymatic Reactions Inside the Cavities of Synthetic Giant Unilamellar Vesicles Equipped with Membrane Proteins Mimicking Cell Architecture. ACS Synth Biol 2018; 7:2116-2125. [PMID: 30145889 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.8b00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Compartmentalization of functional biological units, cells, and organelles serves as an inspiration for the development of biomimetic materials with unprecedented properties and applications in biosensing and medicine. Because of the complexity of cells, the design of ideal functional materials remains a challenge. An elegant strategy to obtain cell-like compartments as novel materials with biofunctionality is the combination of synthetic micrometer-sized giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) with biomolecules because it enables studying the behavior of biomolecules and processes within confined cavities. Here we introduce a functional cell-mimetic compartment formed by insertion of the model biopore bacterial membrane protein OmpF in thick synthetic membranes of an artificial GUV compartment that encloses-as a model-the oxidative enzyme horseradish peroxidase. In this manner, a simple and robust cell mimic is designed: the biopore serves as a gate that allows substrates to enter cavities of the GUVs, where they are converted into products by the encapsulated enzyme and then released in the environments of GUVs. Our bioequipped GUVs facilitate the control of specific catalytic reactions in confined microscale spaces mimicking cell size and architecture and thus provide a straightforward approach serving to obtain deeper insights into biological processes inside cells in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Garni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tomaz Einfalt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roland Goers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia G. Palivan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Meier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
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68
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Bioinspired, nanoscale approaches in contemporary bioanalytics (Review). Biointerphases 2018; 13:040801. [DOI: 10.1116/1.5037582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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69
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Mukerabigwi JF, Ge Z, Kataoka K. Therapeutic Nanoreactors as In Vivo Nanoplatforms for Cancer Therapy. Chemistry 2018; 24:15706-15724. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Felix Mukerabigwi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Zhishen Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine Institute of Industrial Promotion-Kawasaki 3-25-14 Tonomachi Kawasaki-ku Kawasaki 210-0821 Japan
- Policy Alternatives Research Institute The University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
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70
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Blackman L, Varlas S, Arno MC, Houston ZH, Fletcher NL, Thurecht KJ, Hasan M, Gibson MI, O’Reilly RK. Confinement of Therapeutic Enzymes in Selectively Permeable Polymer Vesicles by Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly (PISA) Reduces Antibody Binding and Proteolytic Susceptibility. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2018; 4:718-723. [PMID: 29974067 PMCID: PMC6026775 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.8b00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Covalent PEGylation of biologics has been widely employed to reduce immunogenicity, while improving stability and half-life in vivo. This approach requires covalent protein modification, creating a new entity. An alternative approach is stabilization by encapsulation into polymersomes; however this typically requires multiple steps, and the segregation requires the vesicles to be permeable to retain function. Herein, we demonstrate the one-pot synthesis of therapeutic enzyme-loaded vesicles with size-selective permeability using polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) enabling the encapsulated enzyme to function from within a confined domain. This strategy increased the proteolytic stability and reduced antibody recognition compared to the free protein or a PEGylated conjugate, thereby reducing potential dose frequency and the risk of immune response. Finally, the efficacy of encapsulated l-asparaginase (clinically used for leukemia treatment) against a cancer line was demonstrated, and its biodistribution and circulation behavior in vivo was compared to the free enzyme, highlighting this methodology as an attractive alternative to the covalent PEGylation of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis
D. Blackman
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Spyridon Varlas
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL Coventry, United Kingdom
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Maria C. Arno
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL Coventry, United Kingdom
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Zachary H. Houston
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Centre
for Advanced Imaging, The University of
Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Nicholas L. Fletcher
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Centre
for Advanced Imaging, The University of
Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Kristofer J. Thurecht
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Centre
for Advanced Imaging, The University of
Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Muhammad Hasan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL Coventry, United Kingdom
- Warwick Medical
School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew I. Gibson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL Coventry, United Kingdom
- Warwick Medical
School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel K. O’Reilly
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, CV4 7AL Coventry, United Kingdom
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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71
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Biomimetic artificial organelles with in vitro and in vivo activity triggered by reduction in microenvironment. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1127. [PMID: 29555899 PMCID: PMC5859287 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03560-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite tremendous efforts to develop stimuli-responsive enzyme delivery systems, their efficacy has been mostly limited to in vitro applications. Here we introduce, by using an approach of combining biomolecules with artificial compartments, a biomimetic strategy to create artificial organelles (AOs) as cellular implants, with endogenous stimuli-triggered enzymatic activity. AOs are produced by inserting protein gates in the membrane of polymersomes containing horseradish peroxidase enzymes selected as a model for natures own enzymes involved in the redox homoeostasis. The inserted protein gates are engineered by attaching molecular caps to genetically modified channel porins in order to induce redox-responsive control of the molecular flow through the membrane. AOs preserve their structure and are activated by intracellular glutathione levels in vitro. Importantly, our biomimetic AOs are functional in vivo in zebrafish embryos, which demonstrates the feasibility of using AOs as cellular implants in living organisms. This opens new perspectives for patient-oriented protein therapy. The efficacy of stimuli-responsive enzyme delivery systems is usually limited to in vitro applications. Here the authors form artificial organelles by inserting stimuli-responsive protein gates in membranes of polymersomes loaded with enzymes and obtain a triggered functionality both in vitro and in vivo.
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72
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Godoy-Gallardo M, York-Duran MJ, Hosta-Rigau L. Recent Progress in Micro/Nanoreactors toward the Creation of Artificial Organelles. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7. [PMID: 29205928 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Artificial organelles created from a bottom up approach are a new type of engineered materials, which are not designed to be living but, instead, to mimic some specific functions inside cells. By doing so, artificial organelles are expected to become a powerful tool in biomedicine. They can act as nanoreactors to convert a prodrug into a drug inside the cells or as carriers encapsulating therapeutic enzymes to replace malfunctioning organelles in pathological conditions. For the design of artificial organelles, several requirements need to be fulfilled: a compartmentalized structure that can encapsulate the synthetic machinery to perform an enzymatic function, as well as a means to allow for communication between the interior of the artificial organelle and the external environment, so that substrates and products can diffuse in and out the carrier allowing for continuous enzymatic reactions. The most recent and exciting advances in architectures that fulfill the aforementioned requirements are featured in this review. Artificial organelles are classified depending on their constituting materials, being lipid and polymer-based systems the most prominent ones. Finally, special emphasis will be put on the intracellular response of these newly emerging systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Godoy-Gallardo
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology; Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics; DTU; Nanotech; Technical University of Denmark; Building 423 2800 Lyngby Denmark
| | - Maria J. York-Duran
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology; Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics; DTU; Nanotech; Technical University of Denmark; Building 423 2800 Lyngby Denmark
| | - Leticia Hosta-Rigau
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology; Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics; DTU; Nanotech; Technical University of Denmark; Building 423 2800 Lyngby Denmark
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73
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Larrañaga A, Isa ILM, Patil V, Thamboo S, Lomora M, Fernández-Yague MA, Sarasua JR, Palivan CG, Pandit A. Antioxidant functionalized polymer capsules to prevent oxidative stress. Acta Biomater 2018; 67:21-31. [PMID: 29258803 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric capsules exhibit significant potential for therapeutic applications as microreactors, where the bio-chemical reactions of interest are efficiently performed in a spatial and time defined manner due to the encapsulation of an active biomolecule (e.g., enzyme) and control over the transfer of reagents and products through the capsular membrane. In this work, catalase loaded polymer capsules functionalized with an external layer of tannic acid (TA) are fabricated via a layer-by-layer approach using calcium carbonate as a sacrificial template. The capsules functionalised with TA exhibit a higher scavenging capacity for hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals, suggesting that the external layer of TA shows intrinsic antioxidant properties, and represents a valid strategy to increase the overall antioxidant potential of the developed capsules. Additionally, the hydrogen peroxide scavenging capacity of the capsules is enhanced in the presence of the encapsulated catalase. The capsules prevent oxidative stress in an in vitro inflammation model of degenerative disc disease. Moreover, the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), and disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif-5 (ADAMTS-5), which represents the major proteolytic enzymes in intervertebral disc, are attenuated in the presence of the polymer capsules. This platform technology exhibits potential to reduce oxidative stress, a key modulator in the pathology of a broad range of inflammatory diseases. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Oxidative stress damages important cell structures leading to cellular apoptosis and senescence, for numerous disease pathologies including cancer, neurodegeneration or osteoarthritis. Thus, the development of biomaterials-based systems to control oxidative stress has gained an increasing interest. Herein, polymer capsules loaded with catalase and functionalized with an external layer of tannic acid are fabricated, which can efficiently scavenge important reactive oxygen species (i.e., hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide) and modulate extracellular matrix activity in an in vitro inflammation model of nucleus pulposus. The present work represents accordingly, an important advance in the development and application of polymer capsules with antioxidant properties for the treatment of oxidative stress, which is applicable for multiple inflammatory disease targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Larrañaga
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland; Department of Mining-Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science & POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Isma Liza Mohd Isa
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Vaibhav Patil
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Sagana Thamboo
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mihai Lomora
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Marc A Fernández-Yague
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Jose-Ramon Sarasua
- Department of Mining-Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science & POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - Abhay Pandit
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
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74
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Bakshi SF, Guz N, Zakharchenko A, Deng H, Tumanov AV, Woodworth CD, Minko S, Kolpashchikov DM, Katz E. Nanoreactors based on DNAzyme-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles activated by magnetic field. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:1356-1365. [PMID: 29297526 PMCID: PMC5773386 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr08581h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A new biomimetic nanoreactor design, MaBiDz, is presented based on a copolymer brush in combination with superparamagnetic nanoparticles. This cellular nanoreactor features two species of magnetic particles, each functionalized with two components of a binary deoxyribozyme system. In the presence of a target mRNA analyte and a magnetic field, the nanoreactor is assembled to form a biocompartment enclosed by the polymeric brush that enables catalytic function of the binary deoxyribozyme with enhanced kinetics. MaBiDz was demonstrated here as a cellular sensor for rapid detection and imaging of a target mRNA biomarker for metastatic breast cancer, and its function shows potential to be expanded as a biomimetic organelle that can downregulate the activity of a target mRNA biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saira F Bakshi
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA.
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75
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Rouster P, Pavlovic M, Szilagyi I. Immobilization of Superoxide Dismutase on Polyelectrolyte-Functionalized Titania Nanosheets. Chembiochem 2017; 19:404-410. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Rouster
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; University of Geneva; 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet 1205 Geneva Switzerland
| | - Marko Pavlovic
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; University of Geneva; 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet 1205 Geneva Switzerland
| | - Istvan Szilagyi
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; University of Geneva; 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet 1205 Geneva Switzerland
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Biocolloids Research Group; Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science; University of Szeged; 1 Aradi vértanúk tere 6720 Szeged Hungary
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76
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Lian X, Erazo-Oliveras A, Pellois JP, Zhou HC. High efficiency and long-term intracellular activity of an enzymatic nanofactory based on metal-organic frameworks. Nat Commun 2017; 8:2075. [PMID: 29234027 PMCID: PMC5727123 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02103-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhancing or restoring enzymatic function in cells is highly desirable in applications ranging from ex vivo cellular manipulations to enzyme replacement therapies in humans. However, because enzymes degrade in biological milieus, achieving long-term enzymatic activities can be challenging. Herein we report on the in cellulo properties of nanofactories that consist of antioxidative enzymes encapsulated in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). We demonstrate that, while free enzymes display weak activities for only a short duration, these efficient nanofactories protect human cells from toxic reactive oxygen species for up to a week. Remarkably, these results are obtained in spite of the nanofactories being localized in lysosomes, acidic organelles that contain a variety of proteases. The long-term persistence of the nanofactories is attributed to the chemical stability of MOF in low pH environment and to the protease resistance provided by the protective cage formed by the MOF around the encapsulated enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xizhen Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-3255, USA
| | - Alfredo Erazo-Oliveras
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-2128, USA
| | - Jean-Philippe Pellois
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-3255, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-2128, USA.
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-3255, USA.
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77
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Li J, Li Y, Wang Y, Ke W, Chen W, Wang W, Ge Z. Polymer Prodrug-Based Nanoreactors Activated by Tumor Acidity for Orchestrated Oxidation/Chemotherapy. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:6983-6990. [PMID: 28977746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic nanoreactors have been proposed to treat cancers through in situ transformation of low-toxicity prodrugs into toxic therapeutics in the body. However, the in vivo applications are limited by low tissue-specificity and different tissue distributions between sequentially injected nanoreactors and prodrugs. Herein, we construct a block copolymer prodrug-based polymersome nanoreactor that can achieve novel orchestrated oxidation/chemotherapy of cancer via specific activation at tumor sites. The block copolymers composed of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and copolymerized monomers of camptothecin (CPT) and piperidine-modified methacrylate [P(CPTMA-co-PEMA)] were optimized to self-assemble into polymersomes in aqueous solution for encapsulation of glucose oxidase (GOD) to obtain GOD-loaded polymersome nanoreactors (GOD@PCPT-NR). GOD@PCPT-NR maintained inactive in normal tissues upon systemic administration. After deposition in tumor tissues, tumor acidity-triggered protonation of PPEMA segments resulted in high permeability of the polymersome membranes and oxidation reaction of diffused glucose and O2 under the catalysis of GOD. The activation of the reaction generated H2O2, improving the oxidative stress in tumors. Simultaneously, a high level of H2O2 further activated PCPTMA prodrugs, releasing active CPT drugs. High tumor oxidative stress and released CPT drugs synergistically killed cancer cells and suppressed tumor growth via oxidation/chemotherapy. Our study provides a new strategy for engineering therapeutic nanoreactors in an orchestrated fashion for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Yafei Li
- Dr. Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong-Karolinska Institutet Collaboration in Regenerative Medicine, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuheng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Wendong Ke
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Weijian Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Weiping Wang
- Dr. Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong-Karolinska Institutet Collaboration in Regenerative Medicine, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhishen Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
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78
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Zhang Y, Schattling PS, Itel F, Städler B. Planar and Cell Aggregate-Like Assemblies Consisting of Microreactors and HepG2 Cells. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:7085-7095. [PMID: 30023539 PMCID: PMC6045345 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The assembly of microreactors has made considerable progress toward the fabrication of artificial cells. However, their characterization remains largely limited to buffer solution-based assays in the absence of their natural role model-the biological cells. Herein, the combination of microreactors with HepG2 cells either in planar cell cultures or in the form of cell aggregates is reported. Alginate (Alg)-based microreactors loaded with catalase are assembled by droplet microfluidics, and their activity is confirmed. The acceptance of polymer-coated ∼40 μm Alg particles by proliferating HepG2 cells is depending on the terminating polymer layer. When these functional microreactors are cocultured with HepG2 cells, they can be employed for detoxification, that is, hydrogen peroxide removal, and by doing so, they assist the cells to survive. This report is among the first successful combination of microreactors with biological cells, that is, HepG2 cells, contributing to the fundamental understanding of integrating synthetic and biological partners toward the maturation of this semisynthetic concept for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Philipp S. Schattling
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Fabian Itel
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Brigitte Städler
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
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79
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Edlinger C, Einfalt T, Spulber M, Car A, Meier W, Palivan CG. Biomimetic Strategy To Reversibly Trigger Functionality of Catalytic Nanocompartments by the Insertion of pH-Responsive Biovalves. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:5790-5798. [PMID: 28851220 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b02886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We describe an innovative strategy to generate catalytic compartments with triggered functionality at the nanoscale level by combining pH-reversible biovalves and enzyme-loaded synthetic compartments. The biovalve has been engineered by the attachment of stimuli-responsive peptides to a genetically modified channel porin, enabling a reversible change of the molecular flow through the pores of the porin in response to a pH change in the local environment. The biovalve functionality triggers the reaction inside the cavity of the enzyme-loaded compartments by switching the in situ activity of the enzymes on/off based on a reversible change of the permeability of the membrane, which blocks or allows the passage of substrates and products. The complex functionality of our catalytic compartments is based on the preservation of the integrity of the compartments to protect encapsulated enzymes. An increase of the in situ activity compared to that of the free enzyme and a reversible on/off switch of the activity upon the presence of a specific stimulus is achieved. This strategy provides straightforward solutions for the development of catalytic nanocompartments efficiently producing desired molecules in a controlled, stimuli-responsive manner with high potential in areas, such as medicine, analytical chemistry, and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Edlinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tomaz Einfalt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mariana Spulber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anja Car
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Meier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia G Palivan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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80
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Nishimura T, Sasaki Y, Akiyoshi K. Biotransporting Self-Assembled Nanofactories Using Polymer Vesicles with Molecular Permeability for Enzyme Prodrug Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29. [PMID: 28714209 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201702406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
As "biotransporting nanofactories", in vivo therapeutic biocatalyst nanoreactors would enable encapsulated enzymes to transform inert prodrugs or neutralize toxic compounds at target disease sites. This would offer outstanding potential for next-generation therapeutic platforms, such as enzyme prodrug therapy. Designing such advanced materials has, however, proven challenging. Here, it is shown that self-assembled nanofactories formulate with polymeric vesicles with an intrinsically permeable membrane. The vesicles, CAPsomes, are composed of carbohydrate-b-poly(propylene glycol) and show molecular-weight-depended permeability. This property enables CAPsomes to act as biocatalyst nanoreactors, protecting encapsulated enzymes from degradation while acting on low-molecular-weight substrates. In tumor bearing mice, combined treatment with enzyme-loaded CAPsomes and doxorubicin prodrug inhibit tumor growth in these mice without any observable toxicity. The results demonstrate, for the first time, in vivo therapeutic efficacy of CAPsomes as nanofactories for enzyme prodrug cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Nishimura
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
- ERATO Bio-nanotransporter Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8530, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sasaki
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazunari Akiyoshi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
- ERATO Bio-nanotransporter Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8530, Japan
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81
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Itel F, Schattling PS, Zhang Y, Städler B. Enzymes as key features in therapeutic cell mimicry. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 118:94-108. [PMID: 28916495 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cell mimicry is a nature inspired concept that aims to substitute for missing or lost (sub)cellular function. This review focuses on the latest advancements in the use of enzymes in cell mimicry for encapsulated catalysis and artificial motility in synthetic bottom-up assemblies with emphasis on the biological response in cell culture or more rarely in animal models. Entities across the length scale from nano-sized enzyme mimics, sub-micron sized artificial organelles and self-propelled particles (swimmers) to micron-sized artificial cells are discussed. Although the field remains in its infancy, the primary aim of this review is to illustrate the advent of nature-mimicking artificial molecules and assemblies on their way to become a complementary alternative to their role models for diverse biomedical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Itel
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Philipp S Schattling
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Yan Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Brigitte Städler
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus 8000, Denmark.
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82
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Tiefenboeck P, Kim JA, Trunk F, Eicher T, Russo E, Teijeira A, Halin C, Leroux JC. Microinjection for the ex Vivo Modification of Cells with Artificial Organelles. ACS NANO 2017; 11:7758-7769. [PMID: 28777538 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b01404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Microinjection is extensively used across fields to deliver material intracellularly. Here we address the fundamental aspects of introducing exogenous organelles into cells to endow them with artificial functions. Nanocarriers encapsulating biologically active cargo or extreme intraluminal pH were injected directly into the cytosol of cells, where they bypassed subcellular processing pathways and remained intact for several days. Nanocarriers' size was found to dictate their intracellular distribution pattern upon injection, with larger vesicles adopting polarized agglomerated distributions and smaller colloids spreading evenly in the cytosol. This in turn determined the symmetry or asymmetry of their dilution following cell division, ultimately affecting the intracellular dose at a cell population level. As an example of microinjection's applicability, a cell type relevant for cell-based therapies (dendritic cells) was injected with vesicles, and its migratory properties were studied in a co-culture system mimicking lymphatic capillaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Tiefenboeck
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich , 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jong Ah Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich , 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ferdinand Trunk
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich , 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tamara Eicher
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich , 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Erica Russo
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich , 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alvaro Teijeira
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich , 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Halin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich , 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Christophe Leroux
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich , 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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83
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Zhang Y, Baekgaard-Laursen M, Städler B. Small Subcompartmentalized Microreactors as Support for Hepatocytes. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 27901316 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mimicking specific structural or functional aspects of cells is considered a promising approach to substitute for missing or lost cellular functions. However, the interaction of such artificial assemblies with their biological counterparts including the exploitation of the activity of the synthetic partner remains thus-far a rather unexplored avenue. Herein, the assembly of active microreactors with similar size to hepatocytes is reported. These microreactors are successfully cocultured with hepatocytes into bionic tissue for up to 10 d. Further, microreactors loaded with the liver enzyme catalase are effective in alleviating external pressure, induced by the addition of hydrogen peroxide, from such bionic tissue in an attempt to mimic the detoxification ability of hepatocytes. Taken together, the findings open up a different route in combining synthetic and biological entities for tissue engineering by using the former partner not only as structural support, but also to induce beneficial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO); Aarhus University; Aarhus 8000 Denmark
| | | | - Brigitte Städler
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO); Aarhus University; Aarhus 8000 Denmark
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84
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Sharma J, Uchida M, Miettinen HM, Douglas T. Modular interior loading and exterior decoration of a virus-like particle. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:10420-10430. [PMID: 28702648 PMCID: PMC6482854 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr03018e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) derived from the bacteriophage P22 offer an interesting and malleable platform for encapsulation and multivalent presentation of cargo molecules. The packaging of cargo in P22 VLP is typically achieved through genetically enabled directed in vivo encapsulation. However, this approach does not allow control over the packing density and composition of the encapsulated cargos. Here, we have adopted an in vitro assembly approach to gain control over cargo packaging in P22. The packaging was controlled by closely regulating the stoichiometric ratio of cargo-fused-scaffold protein and wild-type scaffold protein during the in vitro assembly. In a "one-pot assembly reaction" coat protein subunits were incubated with varied ratios of wild-type scaffold protein and cargo-fused-scaffold protein, which resulted in the encapsulation of both components in a co-assembled capsid. These experiments demonstrate that an input stoichiometry can be used to achieve controlled packaging of multiple cargos within the VLP. The porous nature of P22 allows the escape and re-entry of wild-type scaffold protein from the assembled capsid but scaffold protein fused to a protein-cargo cannot traverse the capsid shell due to the size of the cargo. This has allowed us to control and alter the packing density by selectively releasing wild-type scaffold protein from the co-assembled capsids. We have demonstrated these concepts in the P22 system using an encapsulated streptavidin protein and have shown its highly selective interaction with biotin or biotin derivatives. Additionally, this system can be used to encapsulate small molecules coupled to biotin, or display large proteins, that cannot enter the capsid and thus remain available for the multivalent display on the exterior of the capsid when attached to a flexible biotinylated linker. Thus, we have developed a P22 system with controlled protein cargo composition and packing density, to which both small and large molecules can be attached at high copy number on the interior or exterior of the capsid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhanvi Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA.
| | - Masaki Uchida
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA.
| | - Heini M Miettinen
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Montana State University, PO Box 173520, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA
| | - Trevor Douglas
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA.
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85
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Functionalised collagen spheres reduce H 2O 2 mediated apoptosis by scavenging overexpressed ROS. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 14:2397-2405. [PMID: 28552642 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been implicated in numerous diseases including cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Overexpression of ROS can lead to oxidative stress and subsequently to H2O2-mediated cell apoptosis. In this study, it was demonstrated that biodegradable PLGA microspheres coated with collagen type I and decorated with MnO2 nanoparticles acted as ROS scavengers controlling the H2O2-mediated apoptosis of cells undergoing oxidative stress. The results showed that the functionalized collagen spheres can protect cells even under very harsh conditions of oxidative stress.
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86
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Godoy-Gallardo M, Labay C, Trikalitis VD, Kempen PJ, Larsen JB, Andresen TL, Hosta-Rigau L. Multicompartment Artificial Organelles Conducting Enzymatic Cascade Reactions inside Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:15907-15921. [PMID: 28117959 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b16275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cell organelles are subcellular structures entrapping a set of enzymes to achieve a specific functionality. The incorporation of artificial organelles into cells is a novel medical paradigm which might contribute to the treatment of various cell disorders by replacing malfunctioning organelles. In particular, artificial organelles are expected to be a powerful solution in the context of enzyme replacement therapy since enzymatic malfunction is the primary cause of organelle dysfunction. Although several attempts have been made to encapsulate enzymes within a carrier vehicle, only few intracellularly active artificial organelles have been reported to date and they all consist of single-compartment carriers. However, it is noted that biological organelles consist of multicompartment architectures where enzymatic reactions are executed within distinct subcompartments. Compartmentalization allows for multiple processes to take place in close vicinity and in a parallel manner without the risk of interference or degradation. Here, we report on a subcompartmentalized and intracellularly active carrier, a crucial step for advancing artificial organelles. In particular, we develop and characterize a novel capsosome system, which consists of multiple liposomes and fluorescent gold nanoclusters embedded within a polymer carrier capsule. We subsequently demonstrate that encapsulated enzymes preserve their activity intracellularly, allowing for controlled enzymatic cascade reaction within a host cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Godoy-Gallardo
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Centre for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark , Building 423, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Cédric Labay
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Centre for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark , Building 423, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Vasileios D Trikalitis
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Centre for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark , Building 423, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Paul J Kempen
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Centre for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark , Building 423, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jannik B Larsen
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Centre for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark , Building 423, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas L Andresen
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Centre for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark , Building 423, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Leticia Hosta-Rigau
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Centre for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark , Building 423, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark
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87
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Baumann P, Spulber M, Fischer O, Car A, Meier W. Investigation of Horseradish Peroxidase Kinetics in an "Organelle-Like" Environment. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1603943. [PMID: 28244215 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201603943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In order to mimic cell organelles, artificial nanoreactors have been investigated based on polymeric vesicles with reconstituted channel proteins (outer membrane protein F) and coencapsulated enzymes horseradish peroxidase (HRP) along with a crowding agent (Ficoll or polyethylene glycol) inside the cavity. Importantly, the presence of macromolecules has a strong impact on the enzyme kinetics, but no influence on the integrity of vesicles up to certain concentrations. This particular design allows for the first time the determination of HRP kinetics inside nanoreactors with crowded milieu. The values of the Michaelis-Menten constant (K m ) measured for HRP in a confined space (encapsulated in nanoreactors) in the absence of macromolecules are ≈50% lower than in free conditions, and the presence of a crowding agent results in a further pronounced decrease. These results clearly suggest that activities of enzymes in confined spaces can be tuned by varying the concentrations of crowding compounds. The present investigation represents an advance in nanoreactor design by considering the influence of environmental factors on enzymatic performance, and it demonstrates that both encapsulation and the presence of a crowding environment increase the enzyme-substrate affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patric Baumann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mariana Spulber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ozana Fischer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anja Car
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Meier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
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88
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Balasubramanian V, Correia A, Zhang H, Fontana F, Mäkilä E, Salonen J, Hirvonen J, Santos HA. Biomimetic Engineering Using Cancer Cell Membranes for Designing Compartmentalized Nanoreactors with Organelle-Like Functions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1605375. [PMID: 28112838 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201605375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A new biomimetic nanoreactor design is presented based on cancer cell membrane material in combination with porous silicon nanoparticles. This cellular nanoreactor features a biocompartment enclosed by a cell membrane and readily integrated with cells and supplementing the cellular functions under oxidative stress. The study demonstrates the impact of the nanoreactors on improving cellular functions with a potential to serve as artificial organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vimalkumar Balasubramanian
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alexandra Correia
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Flavia Fontana
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ermei Mäkilä
- Laboratory of Industrial Physics, University of Turku, FI, 20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Jarno Salonen
- Laboratory of Industrial Physics, University of Turku, FI, 20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Jouni Hirvonen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
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89
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Deng Z, Hu J, Liu S. Reactive Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Sulfur Species (RONSS)-Responsive Polymersomes for Triggered Drug Release. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 38. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; iChem (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials); Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Jinming Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; iChem (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials); Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Shiyong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; iChem (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials); Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
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90
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Konishcheva EV, Zhumaev UE, Meier WP. PEO-b-PCL-b-PMOXA Triblock Copolymers: From Synthesis to Microscale Polymersomes with Asymmetric Membrane. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniia V. Konishcheva
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ulmas E. Zhumaev
- Max Planck
Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Wolfgang P. Meier
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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91
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Vallejo D, Lee SH, Lee A. Functionalized Vesicles by Microfluidic Device. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1572:489-510. [PMID: 28299707 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6911-1_31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, lipid vesicles have become popular vehicles for the creation of biosensors. Vesicles can hold reaction components within a selective permeable membrane that provides an ideal environment for membrane protein biosensing elements. The lipid bilayer allows a protein to retain its native structure and function, and the membrane fluidity can allow for conformational changes and physiological interactions with target analytes. Here, we present two methods for the production of giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) within a microfluidic device that can be used as the basis for a biosensor. The vesicles are produced from water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) double emulsion templates using a nonvolatile oil phase. To create the GUVs, the oil can be removed via extraction with ethanol, or by altering the interfacial tension between the oil and carrier solution causing the oil to retract into a cap on one side of the structure, leaving behind an exposed lipid bilayer. Methods to integrate sensing elements and membrane protein pores onto the vesicles are also introduced in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Vallejo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697 2715, USA
| | - Shih-Hui Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697 2715, USA
| | - Abraham Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697 2715, USA.
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92
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Renggli K, Sauter N, Rother M, Nussbaumer MG, Urbani R, Pfohl T, Bruns N. Biocatalytic atom transfer radical polymerization in a protein cage nanoreactor. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py02155g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The ATRP-catalyzing enzyme horseradish peroxidase was encapsulated into the protein cage thermosome resulting in an all-protein nanoreactor system for controlled radical polymerizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Renggli
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- 4056 Basel
- Switzerland
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering
| | - Nora Sauter
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- 4056 Basel
- Switzerland
| | - Martin Rother
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- 4056 Basel
- Switzerland
| | - Martin G. Nussbaumer
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- 4056 Basel
- Switzerland
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering
| | - Raphael Urbani
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- 4056 Basel
- Switzerland
| | - Thomas Pfohl
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- 4056 Basel
- Switzerland
| | - Nico Bruns
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- 4056 Basel
- Switzerland
- Adolphe Merkle Institute
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93
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Liu L, Su D, Liu X, Wang L, Zhan J, Xie H, Meng X, Zhang H, Liu J, Huang X. Construction of biological hybrid microcapsules with defined permeability towards programmed release of biomacromolecules. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:11678-11681. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc06243e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A method to modulate the permeability of microcapsules on demand was demonstrated, which allowed a programmed release of loaded biomacromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Liu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
| | - Dongyue Su
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
| | - Xiaoman Liu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
| | - Lei Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
| | - Jie Zhan
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
| | - Hui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- P. R. China
| | - Xianghe Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- P. R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- P. R. China
| | - Xin Huang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage
- Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
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94
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Liu J, Postupalenko V, Lörcher S, Wu D, Chami M, Meier W, Palivan CG. DNA-Mediated Self-Organization of Polymeric Nanocompartments Leads to Interconnected Artificial Organelles. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:7128-7136. [PMID: 27726407 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b03430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Self-organization of nanocomponents was mainly focused on solid nanoparticles, quantum dots, or liposomes to generate complex architectures with specific properties, but intrinsically limited or not developed enough, to mimic sophisticated structures with biological functions in cells. Here, we present a biomimetic strategy to self-organize synthetic nanocompartments (polymersomes) into clusters with controlled properties and topology by exploiting DNA hybridization to interconnect polymersomes. Molecular and external factors affecting the self-organization served to design clusters mimicking the connection of natural organelles: fine-tune of the distance between tethered polymersomes, different topologies, no fusion of clustered polymersomes, and no aggregation. Unexpected, extended DNA bridges that result from migration of the DNA strands inside the thick polymer membrane (about 12 nm) represent a key stability and control factor, not yet exploited for other synthetic nano-object networks. The replacement of the empty polymersomes with artificial organelles, already reported for single polymersome architecture, will provide an excellent platform for the development of artificial systems mimicking natural organelles or cells and represents a fundamental step in the engineering of molecular factories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 80, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Viktoriia Postupalenko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 80, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Lörcher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 80, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Dalin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 80, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Mohamed Chami
- BioEM lab, Biozentrum, University of Basel , Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Meier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 80, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia G Palivan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 80, Basel 4056, Switzerland
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95
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Garni M, Thamboo S, Schoenenberger CA, Palivan CG. Biopores/membrane proteins in synthetic polymer membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2016; 1859:619-638. [PMID: 27984019 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mimicking cell membranes by simple models based on the reconstitution of membrane proteins in lipid bilayers represents a straightforward approach to understand biological function of these proteins. This biomimetic strategy has been extended to synthetic membranes that have advantages in terms of chemical and mechanical stability, thus providing more robust hybrid membranes. SCOPE OF THE REVIEW We present here how membrane proteins and biopores have been inserted both in the membrane of nanosized and microsized compartments, and in planar membranes under various conditions. Such bio-hybrid membranes have new properties (as for example, permeability to ions/molecules), and functionality depending on the specificity of the inserted biomolecules. Interestingly, membrane proteins can be functionally inserted in synthetic membranes provided these have appropriate properties to overcome the high hydrophobic mismatch between the size of the biomolecule and the membrane thickness. MAJOR CONCLUSION Functional insertion of membrane proteins and biopores in synthetic membranes of compartments or in planar membranes is possible by an appropriate selection of the amphiphilic copolymers, and conditions of the self-assembly process. These hybrid membranes have new properties and functionality based on the specificity of the biomolecules and the nature of the synthetic membranes. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Bio-hybrid membranes represent new solutions for the development of nanoreactors, artificial organelles or active surfaces/membranes that, by further gaining in complexity and functionality, will promote translational applications. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Lipid order/lipid defects and lipid-control of protein activity edited by Dirk Schneider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Garni
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, Switzerland
| | - Sagana Thamboo
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, Switzerland
| | | | - Cornelia G Palivan
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, Switzerland.
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96
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97
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Figueiredo P, Balasubramanian V, Shahbazi MA, Correia A, Wu D, Palivan CG, Hirvonen JT, Santos HA. Angiopep2-functionalized polymersomes for targeted doxorubicin delivery to glioblastoma cells. Int J Pharm 2016; 511:794-803. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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98
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Messager L, Burns JR, Kim J, Cecchin D, Hindley J, Pyne ALB, Gaitzsch J, Battaglia G, Howorka S. Biomimetic Hybrid Nanocontainers with Selective Permeability. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:11106-9. [PMID: 27560310 PMCID: PMC5103200 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201604677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chemistry plays a crucial role in creating synthetic analogues of biomacromolecular structures. Of particular scientific and technological interest are biomimetic vesicles that are inspired by natural membrane compartments and organelles but avoid their drawbacks, such as membrane instability and limited control over cargo transport across the boundaries. In this study, completely synthetic vesicles were developed from stable polymeric walls and easy-to-engineer membrane DNA nanopores. The hybrid nanocontainers feature selective permeability and permit the transport of organic molecules of 1.5 nm size. Larger enzymes (ca. 5 nm) can be encapsulated and retained within the vesicles yet remain catalytically active. The hybrid structures constitute a new type of enzymatic nanoreactor. The high tunability of the polymeric vesicles and DNA pores will be key in tailoring the nanocontainers for applications in drug delivery, bioimaging, biocatalysis, and cell mimicry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Messager
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H OAJ, UK
| | - Jonathan R Burns
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H OAJ, UK
| | - Jungyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H OAJ, UK
| | - Denis Cecchin
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H OAJ, UK
| | - James Hindley
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H OAJ, UK
| | - Alice L B Pyne
- London Centre of Nanotechnology, 17-19 Gordon St, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
| | - Jens Gaitzsch
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H OAJ, UK
| | - Giuseppe Battaglia
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H OAJ, UK.
| | - Stefan Howorka
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H OAJ, UK.
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99
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Messager L, Burns JR, Kim J, Cecchin D, Hindley J, Pyne ALB, Gaitzsch J, Battaglia G, Howorka S. Biomimetic Hybrid Nanocontainers with Selective Permeability. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201604677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Messager
- Department of Chemistry; Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology; University College London; 20 Gordon Street London WC1H OAJ UK
| | - Jonathan R. Burns
- Department of Chemistry; Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology; University College London; 20 Gordon Street London WC1H OAJ UK
| | - Jungyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology; University College London; 20 Gordon Street London WC1H OAJ UK
| | - Denis Cecchin
- Department of Chemistry; Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology; University College London; 20 Gordon Street London WC1H OAJ UK
| | - James Hindley
- Department of Chemistry; Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology; University College London; 20 Gordon Street London WC1H OAJ UK
| | - Alice L. B. Pyne
- London Centre of Nanotechnology; 17-19 Gordon St London WC1H 0AH UK
| | - Jens Gaitzsch
- Department of Chemistry; Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology; University College London; 20 Gordon Street London WC1H OAJ UK
| | - Giuseppe Battaglia
- Department of Chemistry; Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology; University College London; 20 Gordon Street London WC1H OAJ UK
| | - Stefan Howorka
- Department of Chemistry; Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology; University College London; 20 Gordon Street London WC1H OAJ UK
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Fernández-Fernández MR, Sot B, Valpuesta JM. Molecular chaperones: functional mechanisms and nanotechnological applications. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:324004. [PMID: 27363314 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/32/324004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Molecular chaperones are a group of proteins that assist in protein homeostasis. They not only prevent protein misfolding and aggregation, but also target misfolded proteins for degradation. Despite differences in structure, all types of chaperones share a common general feature, a surface that recognizes and interacts with the misfolded protein. This and other, more specialized properties can be adapted for various nanotechnological purposes, by modification of the original biomolecules or by de novo design based on artificial structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rosario Fernández-Fernández
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Darwin 3, Campus de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
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