51
|
More far is more right: Manual and ocular line bisections, but not the Judd illusion, depend on radial space. Brain Cogn 2018; 122:34-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
52
|
Ogourtsova T, Archambault P, Sangani S, Lamontagne A. Ecological Virtual Reality Evaluation of Neglect Symptoms (EVENS): Effects of Virtual Scene Complexity in the Assessment of Poststroke Unilateral Spatial Neglect. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2018; 32:46-61. [DOI: 10.1177/1545968317751677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background. Unilateral spatial neglect (USN) is a highly prevalent and disabling poststroke impairment. USN is traditionally assessed with paper-and-pencil tests that lack ecological validity, generalization to real-life situations and are easily compensated for in chronic stages. Virtual reality (VR) can, however, counteract these limitations. Objective. We aimed to examine the feasibility of a novel assessment of USN symptoms in a functional shopping activity, the Ecological VR-based Evaluation of Neglect Symptoms (EVENS). Methods. EVENS is immersive and consists of simple and complex 3-dimensional scenes depicting grocery shopping shelves, where joystick-based object detection and navigation tasks are performed while seated. Effects of virtual scene complexity on navigational and detection abilities in patients with (USN+, n = 12) and without (USN−, n = 15) USN following a right hemisphere stroke and in age-matched healthy controls (HC, n = 9) were determined. Results. Longer detection times, larger mediolateral deviations from ideal paths and longer navigation times were found in USN+ versus USN− and HC groups, particularly in the complex scene. EVENS detected lateralized and nonlateralized USN-related deficits, performance alterations that were dependent or independent of USN severity, and performance alterations in 3 USN− subjects versus HC. Conclusion. EVENS’ environmental changing complexity, along with the functional tasks of far space detection and navigation can potentially be clinically relevant and warrant further empirical investigation. Findings are discussed in terms of attentional models, lateralized versus nonlateralized deficits in USN, and tasks-specific mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Ogourtsova
- McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Philippe Archambault
- McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Samir Sangani
- Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anouk Lamontagne
- McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Anisotropy of lateral peripersonal space is linked to handedness. Exp Brain Res 2017; 236:609-618. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-017-5158-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
54
|
Thomas T, Sunny MM. Altered Visuo-spatial Processing in the Peri-personal Space: A New Look at the Hand-Proximity Effects. J Indian Inst Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s41745-017-0057-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
55
|
The brain during free movement - What can we learn from the animal model. Brain Res 2017; 1716:3-15. [PMID: 28893579 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Animals, just like humans, can freely move. They do so for various important reasons, such as finding food and escaping predators. Observing these behaviors can inform us about the underlying cognitive processes. In addition, while humans can convey complicated information easily through speaking, animals need to move their bodies to communicate. This has prompted many creative solutions by animal neuroscientists to enable studying the brain during movement. In this review, we first summarize how animal researchers record from the brain while an animal is moving, by describing the most common neural recording techniques in animals and how they were adapted to record during movement. We further discuss the challenge of controlling or monitoring sensory input during free movement. However, not only is free movement a necessity to reflect the outcome of certain internal cognitive processes in animals, it is also a fascinating field of research since certain crucial behavioral patterns can only be observed and studied during free movement. Therefore, in a second part of the review, we focus on some key findings in animal research that specifically address the interaction between free movement and brain activity. First, focusing on walking as a fundamental form of free movement, we discuss how important such intentional movements are for understanding processes as diverse as spatial navigation, active sensing, and complex motor planning. Second, we propose the idea of regarding free movement as the expression of a behavioral state. This view can help to understand the general influence of movement on brain function. Together, the technological advancements towards recording from the brain during movement, and the scientific questions asked about the brain engaged in movement, make animal research highly valuable to research into the human "moving brain".
Collapse
|
56
|
Filbrich L, Alamia A, Verfaille C, Berquin A, Barbier O, Libouton X, Fraselle V, Mouraux D, Legrain V. Biased visuospatial perception in complex regional pain syndrome. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9712. [PMID: 28852115 PMCID: PMC5574889 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10077-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic pain condition associating sensory, motor, trophic and autonomic symptoms in one limb. Cognitive difficulties have also been reported, affecting the patients’ ability to mentally represent, perceive and use their affected limb. However, the nature of these deficits is still a matter of debate. Recent studies suggest that cognitive deficits are limited to body-related information and body perception, while not extending to external space. Here we challenge that statement, by using temporal order judgment (TOJ) tasks with tactile (i.e. body) or visual (i.e. extra-body) stimuli in patients with upper-limb CRPS. TOJ tasks allow characterizing cognitive biases to the advantage of one of the two sides of space. While the tactile TOJ tasks did not show any significant results, significant cognitive biases were observed in the visual TOJ tasks, affecting mostly the perception of visual stimuli occurring in the immediate vicinity of the affected limb. Our results clearly demonstrate the presence of visuospatial deficits in CRPS, corroborating the cortical contribution to the CRPS pathophysiology, and supporting the utility of developing rehabilitation techniques modifying visuospatial abilities to treat chronic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lieve Filbrich
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Andrea Alamia
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Verfaille
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Berquin
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,University Hospital Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Barbier
- University Hospital Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xavier Libouton
- University Hospital Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Virginie Fraselle
- University Hospital Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.,Faculty of Motor Sciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominique Mouraux
- Faculty of Motor Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,University Hospital Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valéry Legrain
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Wagner D, Eslinger PJ, Barrett AM. Decreased leftward 'aiming' motor-intentional spatial cuing in traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychology 2017; 30:731-741. [PMID: 27571220 DOI: 10.1037/neu0000252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the mediation of attention and action in space following traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHOD Two exploratory analyses were performed to determine the influence of spatial 'Aiming' motor versus spatial 'Where' bias on line bisection in TBI participants. The first experiment compared performance according to severity and location of injury in TBI. The second experiment examined bisection performance in a larger TBI sample against a matched control group. In both experiments, participants bisected lines in near and far space using an apparatus that allowed for the fractionation of spatial Aiming versus Where error components. RESULTS In the first experiment, participants with severe injuries tended to incur rightward error when starting from the right in far space, compared with participants with mild injuries. In the second experiment, when performance was examined at the individual level, more participants with TBI tended to incur rightward motor error compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS TBI may cause frontal-subcortical cognitive dysfunction and asymmetric motor perseveration, affecting spatial Aiming bias on line bisection. Potential effects on real-world function need further investigation. (PsycINFO Database Record
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daymond Wagner
- Department of Neurology, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center
| | - Paul J Eslinger
- Departments of Neurology, Neural & Behavioral Sciences, Pediatrics, and Radiology, Penn State College of Medicine
| | - A M Barrett
- Stroke Rehabilitation Research, Kessler Foundation, Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation/Neurology and Neurosciences, Rutgers/New Jersey Medical School
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Complexity vs. unity in unilateral spatial neglect. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2017; 173:440-450. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
59
|
Bartolo A, Rossetti Y, Revol P, Urquizar C, Pisella L, Coello Y. Reachability judgement in optic ataxia: Effect of peripheral vision on hand and target perception in depth. Cortex 2017. [PMID: 28625347 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The concept of peripersonal space was first proposed by Rizzolatti, Scandolara, Matelli, and Gentilucci (1981), who introduced the term to highlight the close links between somatosensory and visual processing for stimuli close to the body and suggested that this near-body space could in fact be characterized as an action space (Rizzolatti, Fadiga, Fogassi, & Gallese, 1997). Supporting this idea, patients with right hemisphere lesions have been described as impaired in performing actions towards objects and in perceiving their location - but only when the objects were presented within arm's reach (Bartolo, Carlier, Hassaini, Martin, & Coello, 2014; Brain, 1941). Whether the deficit of optic ataxia patients in processing target locations for action has an effect on the representation of peripersonal space has never been explored. The present study highlights optic ataxia patients' specific difficulties in processing hand-to-target distances in a motor task and in a perceptual task requiring identification of what is reachable in the visual environment. The difficulties are especially evident when both the target and the hand are perceived in the visual periphery. Indeed, when patient I.G. was able to fixate the target, her reaching accuracy and her perception of reachable space both largely improved. Furthermore, the difficulties were enhanced when the hand and the target were both in the lower visual field (in a fixed-far condition vs a fixed-near condition). This novel up-down dimension of optic ataxia fits with the larger representation of the lower visual field in the posterior parietal cortex (Pitzalis et al., 2013; Previc, 1990).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Bartolo
- Cognitive and Affective Sciences Laboratory (SCALab), UMR CNRS 9193, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Yves Rossetti
- Plate-forme 'Mouvement et Handicap', Hôpital Henry-Gabrielle, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Saint-Genis-Laval, France; Inserm UMR-S 1028, CNRS UMR 5292, ImpAct, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Université Lyon-1, Bron, France.
| | - Patrice Revol
- Plate-forme 'Mouvement et Handicap', Hôpital Henry-Gabrielle, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Saint-Genis-Laval, France; Inserm UMR-S 1028, CNRS UMR 5292, ImpAct, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Université Lyon-1, Bron, France
| | - Christian Urquizar
- Plate-forme 'Mouvement et Handicap', Hôpital Henry-Gabrielle, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Saint-Genis-Laval, France; Inserm UMR-S 1028, CNRS UMR 5292, ImpAct, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Université Lyon-1, Bron, France
| | - Laure Pisella
- Inserm UMR-S 1028, CNRS UMR 5292, ImpAct, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Université Lyon-1, Bron, France
| | - Yann Coello
- Cognitive and Affective Sciences Laboratory (SCALab), UMR CNRS 9193, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Dutch modality exclusivity norms: Simulating perceptual modality in space. Behav Res Methods 2017; 49:2204-2218. [DOI: 10.3758/s13428-017-0852-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
61
|
Roden PW. Reducing Neglect in Adult Hemiplegia: Recent Findings and Implications for Treatment. Br J Occup Ther 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/030802269706000805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Neglect is a disorder of attentional and intentional processes most commonly observed following a cerebrovascular accident. Recent research indicates that neglect can be reduced by priming neural circuits unaffected by cerebral lesions; the more effective remediation strategies are those that prime neural circuits that are under some voluntary control, although new strategies that influence involuntary attentional mechanisms show therapeutic potential. The implications of recent studies involving single-case and group remediation efforts are discussed with respect to treatment and the theoretical context for understanding disorders of attention.
Collapse
|
62
|
Guterstam A, Zeberg H, Özçiftci VM, Ehrsson HH. The magnetic touch illusion: A perceptual correlate of visuo-tactile integration in peripersonal space. Cognition 2016; 155:44-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
63
|
Facchin A, Beschin N, Pisano A, Reverberi C. Normative data for distal line bisection and baking tray task. Neurol Sci 2016; 37:1531-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-016-2626-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
64
|
Taffou M, Ondřej J, O'Sullivan C, Warusfel O, Dubal S, Viaud-Delmon I. Multisensory aversive stimuli differentially modulate negative feelings in near and far space. PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2016; 81:764-776. [PMID: 27150637 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-016-0774-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Affect, space, and multisensory integration are processes that are closely linked. However, it is unclear whether the spatial location of emotional stimuli interacts with multisensory presentation to influence the emotional experience they induce in the perceiver. In this study, we used the unique advantages of virtual reality techniques to present potentially aversive crowd stimuli embedded in a natural context and to control their display in terms of sensory and spatial presentation. Individuals high in crowdphobic fear navigated in an auditory-visual virtual environment, in which they encountered virtual crowds presented through the visual channel, the auditory channel, or both. They reported the intensity of their negative emotional experience at a far distance and at a close distance from the crowd stimuli. Whereas auditory-visual presentation of close feared stimuli amplified negative feelings, auditory-visual presentation of distant feared stimuli did not amplify negative feelings. This suggests that spatial closeness allows multisensory processes to modulate the intensity of the emotional experience induced by aversive stimuli. Nevertheless, the specific role of auditory stimulation must be investigated to better understand this interaction between multisensory, affective, and spatial representation processes. This phenomenon may serve the implementation of defensive behaviors in response to aversive stimuli that are in position to threaten an individual's feeling of security.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marine Taffou
- Sciences et Technologies de la Musique et du Son, CNRS UMR 9912, IRCAM, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 1 place Igor Stravinsky, 75004, Paris, France.
- Social and Affective Neuroscience (SAN) Laboratory, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Inserm, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, 47 boulevard de l'hôpital, 75013, Paris, France.
| | - Jan Ondřej
- School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Carol O'Sullivan
- School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Olivier Warusfel
- Sciences et Technologies de la Musique et du Son, CNRS UMR 9912, IRCAM, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 1 place Igor Stravinsky, 75004, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Dubal
- Social and Affective Neuroscience (SAN) Laboratory, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, Inserm, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, 47 boulevard de l'hôpital, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Viaud-Delmon
- Sciences et Technologies de la Musique et du Son, CNRS UMR 9912, IRCAM, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 1 place Igor Stravinsky, 75004, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
An investigation of the mechanisms underlying the effects of viewing distance and stimulus length on attentional asymmetries during line bisection. Atten Percept Psychophys 2016; 78:1351-62. [PMID: 27150618 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-016-1122-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
66
|
Van der Stoep N, Van der Stigchel S, Nijboer TCW, Van der Smagt MJ. Audiovisual integration in near and far space: effects of changes in distance and stimulus effectiveness. Exp Brain Res 2016; 234:1175-88. [PMID: 25788009 PMCID: PMC4828496 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-015-4248-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A factor that is often not considered in multisensory research is the distance from which information is presented. Interestingly, various studies have shown that the distance at which information is presented can modulate the strength of multisensory interactions. In addition, our everyday multisensory experience in near and far space is rather asymmetrical in terms of retinal image size and stimulus intensity. This asymmetry is the result of the relation between the stimulus-observer distance and its retinal image size and intensity: an object that is further away is generally smaller on the retina as compared to the same object when it is presented nearer. Similarly, auditory intensity decreases as the distance from the observer increases. We investigated how each of these factors alone, and their combination, affected audiovisual integration. Unimodal and bimodal stimuli were presented in near and far space, with and without controlling for distance-dependent changes in retinal image size and intensity. Audiovisual integration was enhanced for stimuli that were presented in far space as compared to near space, but only when the stimuli were not corrected for visual angle and intensity. The same decrease in intensity and retinal size in near space did not enhance audiovisual integration, indicating that these results cannot be explained by changes in stimulus efficacy or an increase in distance alone, but rather by an interaction between these factors. The results are discussed in the context of multisensory experience and spatial uncertainty, and underline the importance of studying multisensory integration in the depth space.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Van der Stoep
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - S Van der Stigchel
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - T C W Nijboer
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, and Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M J Van der Smagt
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Semiology of neglect: An update. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2016; 60:177-185. [PMID: 27103056 DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hemispatial neglect is a common disabling condition following brain damage to the right hemisphere. Generally, it involves behavioral bias directed ipsilaterally to the damaged hemisphere and loss of spatial awareness for the contralesional side. In this syndrome, several clinical subtypes were identified. The objective of this article is to provide a nosological analysis of the recent data from the literature on the different subtypes of neglect (visual, auditory, somatosensory, motor, egocentric, allocentric and representational neglect), associated ipsilesional and contralesional productive manifestations and their anatomical lesion correlates. These different anatomical-clinical subtypes can be associated or dissociated. They reflect the heterogeneity of this unilateral neglect syndrome that cannot be approached or interpreted in a single manner. We propose that these subtypes result from different underlying deficits: exogenous attentional deficit (visual, auditory neglect); representational deficit (personal neglect, representational neglect, hyperschematia); shift of the egocentric reference frame (egocentric neglect); attentional deficit between objects and within objects (allocentric neglect), endogenous attentional deficit (representational neglect) and transsaccadic working memory or spatial remapping deficit (ipsilesional productive manifestations). Taking into account the different facets of the unilateral neglect syndrome should promote the development of more targeted cognitive rehabilitation protocols.
Collapse
|
68
|
Kamtchum Tatuene J, Allali G, Saj A, Bernati T, Sztajzel R, Pollak P, Momjian-Mayor I. Incidence, Risk Factors and Anatomy of Peripersonal Visuospatial Neglect in Acute Stroke. Eur Neurol 2016; 75:157-63. [DOI: 10.1159/000444709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
69
|
Ogourtsova T, Archambault P, Lamontagne A. Impact of post-stroke unilateral spatial neglect on goal-directed arm movements: systematic literature review. Top Stroke Rehabil 2016; 22:397-428. [DOI: 10.1179/1074935714z.0000000046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
70
|
van der Stoep N, Serino A, Farnè A, Di Luca M, Spence C. Depth: the Forgotten Dimension in Multisensory Research. Multisens Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1163/22134808-00002525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The last quarter of a century has seen a dramatic rise of interest in the spatial constraints on multisensory integration. However, until recently, the majority of this research has investigated integration in the space directly in front of the observer. The space around us, however, extends in three spatial dimensions in the front and to the rear beyond such a limited area. The question to be addressed in this review concerns whether multisensory integration operates according to the same rules throughout the whole of three-dimensional space. The results reviewed here not only show that the space around us seems to be divided into distinct functional regions, but they also suggest that multisensory interactions are modulated by the region of space in which stimuli happen to be presented. We highlight a number of key limitations with previous research in this area, including: (1) The focus on only a very narrow region of two-dimensional space in front of the observer; (2) the use of static stimuli in most research; (3) the study of observers who themselves have been mostly static; and (4) the study of isolated observers. All of these factors may change the way in which the senses interact at any given distance, as can the emotional state/personality of the observer. In summarizing these salient issues, we hope to encourage researchers to consider these factors in their own research in order to gain a better understanding of the spatial constraints on multisensory integration as they affect us in our everyday life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N. van der Stoep
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A. Serino
- Center for Neuroprosthetics, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A. Farnè
- ImpAct Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, 69000 Lyon, France
| | - M. Di Luca
- School of Psychology, CNCR, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - C. Spence
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Abstract
Multiple, action-based space representations are each based on the extent to which action is possible toward a specific sector of space, such as near/reachable and far/unreachable. Studies on tool-use revealed how the boundaries between these representations are dynamic. Space is not only multidimensional and dynamic, but it is also known for interacting with other dimensions of magnitude, such as time. However, whether time operates on similar action-driven multiple representations and whether it can be modulated by tool-use is yet unknown. To address these issues, healthy participants performed a time bisection task in two spatial positions (near and far space) before and after an active tool-use training, which consisted of performing goal-directed actions holding a tool with their right hand (Experiment 1). Before training, perceived stimuli duration was influenced by their spatial position defined by action. Hence, a dissociation emerged between near/reachable and far/unreachable space. Strikingly, this dissociation disappeared after the active tool-use training since temporal stimuli were now perceived as nearer. The remapping was not found when a passive tool-training was executed (Experiment 2) or when the active tool-training was performed with participants' left hand (Experiment 3). Moreover, no time remapping was observed following an equivalent active hand-training but without a tool (Experiment 4). Taken together, our findings reveal that time processing is based on action-driven multiple representations. The dynamic nature of these representations is demonstrated by the remapping of time, which is action- and effector-dependent.
Collapse
|
72
|
Ogourtsova T, Souza Silva W, Archambault PS, Lamontagne A. Virtual reality treatment and assessments for post-stroke unilateral spatial neglect: A systematic literature review. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2015; 27:409-454. [PMID: 26620135 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2015.1113187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Unilateral spatial neglect (USN) is a highly prevalent post-stroke deficit. Currently, there is no gold standard USN assessment which encompasses the heterogeneity of this disorder and that is sensitive to detect mild deficits. Similarly, there is a limited number of high quality studies suggesting that conventional USN treatments are effective in improving functional outcomes and reducing disability. Virtual reality (VR) provides enhanced methods for USN assessment and treatment. To establish best-practice recommendations with respect to its use, it is necessary to appraise the existing evidence. This systematic review aimed to identify and appraise existing VR-based USN assessments; and to determine whether VR is more effective than conventional therapy. Assessment tools were critically appraised using standard criteria. The methodological quality of the treatment trials was rated by two authors. The level of evidence according to stage of recovery was determined. Findings were compiled into a VR-based USN Assessment and Treatment Toolkit (VR-ATT). Twenty-three studies were identified. The proposed VR tools augmented the conventional assessment strategies. However, most studies lacked analysis of psychometric properties. There is limited evidence that VR is more effective than conventional therapy in improving USN symptoms in patients with stroke. It was concluded that VR-ATT could facilitate identification and decision-making as to the appropriateness of VR-based USN assessments and treatments across the continuum of stroke care, but more evidence is required on treatment effectiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Ogourtsova
- a School of Physical and Occupational Therapy , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3G 1Y5 , Canada.,b Feil-Oberfeld Research Centre, Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital , Laval , Quebec H7V 1R2 , Canada
| | - Wagner Souza Silva
- a School of Physical and Occupational Therapy , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3G 1Y5 , Canada.,b Feil-Oberfeld Research Centre, Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital , Laval , Quebec H7V 1R2 , Canada
| | - Philippe S Archambault
- a School of Physical and Occupational Therapy , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3G 1Y5 , Canada.,b Feil-Oberfeld Research Centre, Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital , Laval , Quebec H7V 1R2 , Canada
| | - Anouk Lamontagne
- a School of Physical and Occupational Therapy , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3G 1Y5 , Canada.,b Feil-Oberfeld Research Centre, Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital , Laval , Quebec H7V 1R2 , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Declerck G. How we remember what we can do. SOCIOAFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE & PSYCHOLOGY 2015; 5:24807. [PMID: 26507953 PMCID: PMC4623285 DOI: 10.3402/snp.v5.24807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
According to the motor simulation theory, the knowledge we possess of what we can do is based on simulation mechanisms triggered by an off-line activation of the brain areas involved in motor control. Action capabilities memory does not work by storing some content, but consists in the capacity, rooted in sensory-motor systems, to reenact off-line action sequences exhibiting the range of our powers. In this paper, I present several arguments from cognitive neuropsychology, but also first-person analysis of experience, against this hypothesis. The claim that perceptual access to affordances is mediated by motor simulation processes rests on a misunderstanding of what affordances are, and comes up against a computational reality principle. Motor simulation cannot provide access to affordances because (i) the affordances we are aware of at each moment are too many for their realization to be simulated by the brain and (ii) affordances are not equivalent to currently or personally feasible actions. The explanatory significance of the simulation theory must then be revised downwards compared to what is claimed by most of its advocates. One additional challenge is to determine the prerequisite, in terms of cognitive processing, for the motor simulation mechanisms to work. To overcome the limitations of the simulation theory, I propose a new approach: the direct content specification hypothesis. This hypothesis states that, at least for the most basic actions of our behavioral repertoire, the action possibilities we are aware of through perception are directly specified by perceptual variables characterizing the content of our experience. The cognitive system responsible for the perception of action possibilities is consequently far more direct, in terms of cognitive processing, than what is stated by the simulation theory. To support this hypothesis I review evidence from current neuropsychological research, in particular data suggesting a phenomenon of ‘fossilization’ of affordances. Fossilization can be defined as a gap between the capacities that are treated as available by the cognitive system and the capacities this system really has at its disposal. These considerations do not mean that motor simulation cannot contribute to explain how we gain perceptual knowledge of what we can do based on the memory of our past performances. However, when precisely motor simulation plays a role and what it is for exactly currently remain largely unknown.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Declerck
- Sorbonne universités, Université de technologie de Compiègne, EA 2223 Costech (Connaissance, Organisation et Systèmes Techniques), Centre Pierre Guillaumat - CS 60 319 - 60 203 Compiègne cedex, France;
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Sato S, Tsubahara A, Aoyagi Y, Hiraoka T, Hasegawa S, Mizuma M. Influence of Colour Lightness Differences in Patients With Left Unilateral Spatial Neglect. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION COUNSELLING 2015. [DOI: 10.1375/jrc.16.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AbstractWe used desk-based tasks to evaluate and clarify the effects of colour lightness differences (Liebmann effect) in patients with left unilateral spatial neglect (USN) following stroke. Participants were 30 adults with USN (16 men and 14 women; mean age = 72.3 years, SD = 8.9 years). They took the ‘Letter Cancellation Test’ of the Japanese version of the Behavioral Inattention Test using two types of paper: black letters with a yellow background (‘black on yellow’) and red letters with a green background (‘red on green’). They also took the Line Bisection Test and their laterality index (LI) was also determined. Paired t-tests were computed comparing the LI by colour displays. LI was higher for ‘black on yellow’ than for ‘red on green’ in patients with mild left USN. However, LI for ‘red on green’ was higher in patients with severe left USN. Colour lightness differences are likely on the left side in patients with relatively mild left USN, but not in those with severe left USN.
Collapse
|
75
|
Cunningham LJ, O'Rourke K, Finlay C, Gallagher M. A preliminary investigation into the psychometric properties of the Dublin Extrapersonal Neglect Assessment (DENA): A novel screening tool for extrapersonal neglect. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2015; 27:349-368. [DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2015.1084334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
76
|
Lobben M, D'Ascenzo S. Grounding grammatical categories: attention bias in hand space influences grammatical congruency judgment of Chinese nominal classifiers. Front Psychol 2015; 6:1299. [PMID: 26379611 PMCID: PMC4550751 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Embodied cognitive theories predict that linguistic conceptual representations are grounded and continually represented in real world, sensorimotor experiences. However, there is an on-going debate on whether this also holds for abstract concepts. Grammar is the archetype of abstract knowledge, and therefore constitutes a test case against embodied theories of language representation. Former studies have largely focussed on lexical-level embodied representations. In the present study we take the grounding-by-modality idea a step further by using reaction time (RT) data from the linguistic processing of nominal classifiers in Chinese. We take advantage of an independent body of research, which shows that attention in hand space is biased. Specifically, objects near the hand consistently yield shorter RTs as a function of readiness for action on graspable objects within reaching space, and the same biased attention inhibits attentional disengagement. We predicted that this attention bias would equally apply to the graspable object classifier but not to the big object classifier. Chinese speakers (N = 22) judged grammatical congruency of classifier-noun combinations in two conditions: graspable object classifier and big object classifier. We found that RTs for the graspable object classifier were significantly faster in congruent combinations, and significantly slower in incongruent combinations, than the big object classifier. There was no main effect on grammatical violations, but rather an interaction effect of classifier type. Thus, we demonstrate here grammatical category-specific effects pertaining to the semantic content and by extension the visual and tactile modality of acquisition underlying the acquisition of these categories. We conclude that abstract grammatical categories are subjected to the same mechanisms as general cognitive and neurophysiological processes and may therefore be grounded.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marit Lobben
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo Norway
| | - Stefania D'Ascenzo
- Department of Communication and Economics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna Italy
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Bonato M. Unveiling residual, spontaneous recovery from subtle hemispatial neglect three years after stroke. Front Hum Neurosci 2015; 9:413. [PMID: 26283942 PMCID: PMC4519683 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A common and disabling consequence of stroke is the difficulty in processing contralesional space (i.e., hemispatial neglect). According to paper-and-pencil tests, neglect remits or stabilizes in severity within a few months after a brain injury. This arbitrary temporal limit, however, is at odds with neglect’s well-known dependency on task-sensitivity. The present study tested the hypothesis that the putative early resolution of neglect might be due to the insensitivity of testing methods rather than to the lack of spontaneous recovery at later stages. A right hemisphere stroke patient was studied longitudinally for 3 years. According to paper-and-pencil tests the patient showed no symptom of hemispatial neglect 1 month post stroke. Awareness of spatially lateralized visual targets was then assessed by means of computer-based single- and dual-tasks requiring an additional top-down deployment of attention for the parallel processing of visual or auditory stimuli. Errorless performance at computer-based tasks was reached at month 12 and maintained until month 29 after stroke. A bottom-up manipulation was then implemented by reducing target diameter. Following this change, more than 50% of contralesional targets were omitted, mostly under dual-tasking. At months 40 and 41 the same task revealed a significant (but not complete) reduction in the number of contralesional omissions. Ipsilesional targets were, in contrast, still errorless detected. The coupling of a bottom-up (target change) and a top-down (dual-tasking) manipulation revealed the presence of a long-lasting spontaneous recovery from contralesional spatial awareness deficits. In contrast, neither manipulation was effective when implemented separately. After having excluded the potential confound of practice effects, it was concluded that not only the presence but also the time course of hemispatial neglect strongly depends on the degree of attentional engagement required by the task.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Bonato
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Capturing peripersonal spatial neglect: an electronic method to quantify visuospatial processes. Behav Res Methods 2015; 47:27-44. [PMID: 24567147 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-014-0448-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Computerized as well as paper-and-pencil tasks are applied in mapping visuospatial neglect in experimental research and clinical practice. This article presents a new kind of computer-based assessment method, using an electronic pen display and user-friendly software. The approach is tailored to specific spatial processes and highlights the usefulness of a pen display in neglect patients. The advantages of the introduced method are illustrated by a recently designed battery of classic, as well as new, types of tests. The development of the appropriate stimuli and the assorted scoring systems is addressed, as well as the resulting types of task implementation and data generation. The diagnostic value of the different visuospatial neglect tests is demonstrated by comparative analyses between a neglect group and a control group. Among the benefits of the proposed assessment method are (1) the opportunity to perform standardized repeated measurements to quantify recovery, (2) online performance monitoring, (3) flexible employment, (4) the collection of exact data over a short period, and (5) the easy availability of more refined quantitative as well as interesting qualitative information, especially as compared to classic or paper-and-pencil tasks. To indicate that this method also lends itself well to measures for treatment procedures, an illustration is given with respect to specific measurements during prism adaptation. The tasks of the Visuospatial Neglect Test Battery and the prism adaptation measures are illustrated by a case study. The outlined applications are discussed with respect to experimental as well as clinical purposes.
Collapse
|
79
|
Wang A, Yue Z, Zhang M, Chen Q. Interaction between spatial inhibition of return (IOR) and executive control in three-dimensional space. Exp Brain Res 2015; 233:3059-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-015-4374-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
80
|
Noël B, van der Kamp J, Weigelt M, Memmert D. Asymmetries in spatial perception are more prevalent under explicit than implicit attention. Conscious Cogn 2015; 34:10-5. [PMID: 25837795 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Observers typically show systematic errors in spatial perception when asked to bisect a line. We examined whether misbisection relates to the extent by which the midpoint is scrutinized explicitly. Participants were required to position a soccer goalkeeper at the exact midpoint of the goal line, drawing explicit attention to the midpoint of the line. Subsequently, they carried out a penalty kick to score a goal, without eliciting explicit attention for the centre of the goal for choosing the side to which to kick the ball. We found that participants positioned the goalkeeper to the right of the centre, confirming the previously reported rightward bias for line bisections in extra-personal space. Although participants (erroneously) believed that the goalkeeper stood in the centre, they kicked the ball to the bigger side of the goal more often. These findings indicate that asymmetries in spatial perception are more evident with explicit than implicit attention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - John van der Kamp
- Research Institute Move, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institute of Human Performance, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
81
|
Cléry J, Guipponi O, Wardak C, Ben Hamed S. Neuronal bases of peripersonal and extrapersonal spaces, their plasticity and their dynamics: Knowns and unknowns. Neuropsychologia 2015; 70:313-26. [PMID: 25447371 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justine Cléry
- Centre de Neuroscience Cognitive, UMR5229, CNRS-Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, 67 Boulevard Pinel, 69675 Bron, France
| | - Olivier Guipponi
- Centre de Neuroscience Cognitive, UMR5229, CNRS-Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, 67 Boulevard Pinel, 69675 Bron, France
| | - Claire Wardak
- Centre de Neuroscience Cognitive, UMR5229, CNRS-Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, 67 Boulevard Pinel, 69675 Bron, France
| | - Suliann Ben Hamed
- Centre de Neuroscience Cognitive, UMR5229, CNRS-Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, 67 Boulevard Pinel, 69675 Bron, France.
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Longo MR, Trippier S, Vagnoni E, Lourenco SF. Right hemisphere control of visuospatial attention in near space. Neuropsychologia 2015; 70:350-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
83
|
Van der Stoep N, Nijboer T, Van der Stigchel S, Spence C. Multisensory interactions in the depth plane in front and rear space: A review. Neuropsychologia 2015; 70:335-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
84
|
|
85
|
Giglia G, Pia L, Folegatti A, Puma A, Fierro B, Cosentino G, Berti A, Brighina F. Far Space Remapping by Tool Use: A rTMS Study Over the Right Posterior Parietal Cortex. Brain Stimul 2015; 8:795-800. [PMID: 25732371 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2015.01.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Revised: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In previous studies, rTMS has been successfully employed to interfere with the right posterior parietal cortex (rPPC) inducing neglect-like behavior in healthy subjects. Several studies have shown that the use of tools can modulate the boundaries between near and far space: indeed when far space is reached by the stick, far space can be remapped as near. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate whether once that rTMS on the rPPC has selectively induced neglect-like bias in the near space (but not in the far space), neglect can appears also in the far space when the subjects used a tool to perform the task. METHODS Fifteen right-handed healthy subjects executed a line length judgment task in two different spatial positions (60 cm: near space and 120 cm: far space), with or without rPPC on-line rTMS. In the far space condition, subjects performed the perceptual task while holding or not a tool. RESULTS During rTMS, visuospatial performance significantly shifted toward right when the task was performed in the near space and in the far space when the tool was used. No significant effect was found when rTMS was delivered in the far space condition without tool use. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that the application of rTMS on rPPC, specifically affect the representation of near space because it caused neglect both when the subjects acted in the near space and when they acted in a far space that was remapped as near by the use of a tool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Giglia
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands; Hypatia School of Medicine of Caltanissetta - Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Pia
- SAMBA (SpAtial, Motor & Bodily Awareness) Research Group, Psychology Department, University of Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute of Turin (NIT), University of Turin, Italy
| | - Alessia Folegatti
- SAMBA (SpAtial, Motor & Bodily Awareness) Research Group, Psychology Department, University of Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute of Turin (NIT), University of Turin, Italy
| | - Angela Puma
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Brigida Fierro
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Cosentino
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Berti
- SAMBA (SpAtial, Motor & Bodily Awareness) Research Group, Psychology Department, University of Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute of Turin (NIT), University of Turin, Italy
| | - Filippo Brighina
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Guilbert A, Sylvain Clément, Moroni C. Hearing and music in unilateral spatial neglect neuro-rehabilitation. Front Psychol 2015; 5:1503. [PMID: 25566165 PMCID: PMC4274893 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Unilateral spatial neglect (USN) is an attention deficit in the contralesional side of space which occurs after a cerebral stroke, mainly located in the right hemisphere. USN patients are disabled in all daily activities. USN is an important negative prognostic factor of functional recovery and of socio-professional reinsertion. Thus, patient rehabilitation is a major challenge. As this deficit has been described in many sensory modalities (including hearing), many sensory and poly-sensory rehabilitation methods have been proposed to USN patients. They are mainly based on visual, tactile modalities and on motor abilities. However, these methods appear to be quite task-specific and difficult to transfer to functional activities. Very few studies have focused on the hearing modality and even fewer studies have been conducted in music as a way of improving spatial attention. Therefore, more research on such retraining needs is neccessary in order to make reliable conclusions on its efficiency in long-term rehabilitation. Nevertheless, some evidence suggests that music could be a promising tool to enhance spatial attention and to rehabilitate USN patients. In fact, music is a material closely linked to space, involving common anatomical and functional networks. The present paper aims firstly at briefly reviewing the different procedures of sensory retraining proposed in USN, including auditory retraining, and their limits. Secondly, it aims to present the recent scientific evidence that makes music a good candidate for USN patients’ neuro-rehabilitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alma Guilbert
- Equipe Neuropsychologie et Cognition Auditive, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologiques-EA 4559, UFR de Psychologie, Université Charles de Gaulle, Lille 3 , Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Sylvain Clément
- Equipe Neuropsychologie et Cognition Auditive, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologiques-EA 4559, UFR de Psychologie, Université Charles de Gaulle, Lille 3 , Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Christine Moroni
- Equipe Neuropsychologie et Cognition Auditive, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologiques-EA 4559, UFR de Psychologie, Université Charles de Gaulle, Lille 3 , Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Lane AR, Ball K, Ellison A. Dissociating the neural mechanisms of distance and spatial reference frames. Neuropsychologia 2014; 74:42-9. [PMID: 25541500 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated if the neural mechanisms involved in processing distance (near and far) and frame of reference (egocentric and allocentric) can be dissociated. 36 participants completed a conjunction visual search task using either an egocentric (deciding if the target was to their left or right) or an allocentric (deciding if the target was to the left or right of a reference object) frame. Both tasks were performed in near (57 cm) and far (171 cm) space conditions. Participants were separated into three groups, and each received transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to a different site; right posterior parietal cortex (rPPC), right ventral occipital cortex (rVO), or right frontal eye field (rFEF) in addition to sham TMS. The results show that rFEF is critical in the processing of each search at each distance whereas, contrary to previous detection results, TMS over rVO did not affect performance for any condition. TMS over rPPC revealed that specialised egocentric processing in the parietal cortex does not generalise to far space, providing evidence of a separation of the reference frame/distance conflation in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alison R Lane
- Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, Wolfson Research Institute, Durham University, Queen's Campus, Stockton-on-Tees, TS17 6BH, UK.
| | - Keira Ball
- Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, Wolfson Research Institute, Durham University, Queen's Campus, Stockton-on-Tees, TS17 6BH, UK.
| | - Amanda Ellison
- Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, Wolfson Research Institute, Durham University, Queen's Campus, Stockton-on-Tees, TS17 6BH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Belmonti V, Cioni G, Berthoz A. Switching from reaching to navigation: differential cognitive strategies for spatial memory in children and adults. Dev Sci 2014; 18:569-86. [DOI: 10.1111/desc.12240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Belmonti
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris; Pisa (Calambrone) Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; University of Pisa; Italy
| | - Giovanni Cioni
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience; IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris; Pisa (Calambrone) Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; University of Pisa; Italy
| | - Alain Berthoz
- Laboratoire de Physiologie de la Perception et de l'Action; UMR7152 CNRS-Collège de France Paris France
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Taylor JET, Gozli DG, Chan D, Huffman G, Pratt J. A touchy subject: advancing the modulated visual pathways account of altered vision near the hand. Transl Neurosci 2014; 6:1-7. [PMID: 28123785 PMCID: PMC4936609 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2015-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence demonstrates that human vision operates differently in the space near and on the hands; for example, early findings in this literature reported that rapid onsets are detected faster near the hands, and that objects are searched more thoroughly. These and many other effects were attributed to enhanced attention via the recruitment of bimodal visual-tactile neurons representing the hand and near-hand space. However, recent research supports an alternative account: stimuli near the hands are preferentially processed by the action-oriented magnocellular visual pathway at the expense of processing in the parvocellular pathway. This Modulated Visual Pathways (MVP) account of altered vision near the hands describes a hand position-dependent trade-off between the two main retinal-cortical visual pathways between the eye and brain. The MVP account explains past findings and makes new predictions regarding near-hand vision supported by new research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Eric T Taylor
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Davood G Gozli
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Chan
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Greg Huffman
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jay Pratt
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Linkenauger SA, Bülthoff HH, Mohler BJ. Virtual arm's reach influences perceived distances but only after experience reaching. Neuropsychologia 2014; 70:393-401. [PMID: 25446965 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Considerable empirical evidence has shown influences of the action capabilities of the body on the perception of sizes and distances. Generally, as one's action capabilities increase, the perception of the relevant distance (over which the action is to be performed) decreases and vice versa. As a consequence, it has been proposed that the body's action capabilities act as a perceptual ruler, which is used to measure perceived sizes and distances. In this set of studies, we investigated this hypothesis by assessing the influence of arm's reach on the perception of distance. By providing participant with a self-representing avatar seen in a first-person perspective in virtual reality, we were able to introduce novel and completely unfamiliar alterations in the virtual arm's reach to evaluate their impact on perceived distance. Using both action-based and visual matching measures, we found that virtual arm's reach influenced perceived distance in virtual environments. Due to the participants' inexperience with the reach alterations, we also were able to assess the amount of experience with the new arm's reach required to influence perceived distance. We found that minimal experience reaching with the virtual arm can influence perceived distance. However, some reaching experience is required. Merely having a long or short virtual arm, even one that is synchronized to one's movements, is not enough to influence distance perception if one has no experience reaching.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Heinrich H Bülthoff
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Betty J Mohler
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Piccardi L, Verde P, Bianchini F, Morgagni F, Guariglia C, Strollo F, Tomao E. Deficits in visuo-spatial but not in topographical memory during pregnancy and the postpartum state in an expert military pilot: a case report. BMC Res Notes 2014; 7:524. [PMID: 25115346 PMCID: PMC4138368 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well known that cognitive and emotional changes occur during pregnancy, but little is known about their magnitude or their time of occurrence and recovery. During pregnancy memory is one of the most impaired cognitive functions. Although long-term aspects of memory have been investigated, other aspects of memory have not yet been explored (i.e., navigational memory and reaching memory). CASE PRESENTATION Here we describe the changes in reaching and walking memory that occurred during pregnancy and one year after delivery in an Italian female military pilot (Case 1) with high spatial ability. In memory tests she showed a classical dissociation between performance in reaching and walking distance, which indicated a failure of working memory, learning, and storage in reaching space. This suggests that her expertise served as a protective factor mitigating her low walking memory performance, and saving the topographical component.We compared her performance with that of two non-pregnant control groups (i.e., women pilots and non-pilots) and found that Case 1's reaching memory performance was significantly worse than that of the control groups. Even one year postpartum, Case 1's performance was not yet the same as that of the other pilots. CONCLUSIONS These findings contribute to our knowledge of the specific, as yet unexplored, aspects of memory deficits in women pilots during pregnancy and postpartum and suggest the need for better neuropsychological assessment before these women return to work in operational environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Piccardi
- />Life, Health and Environmental Science Department, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
- />Neuropsychology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Verde
- />Centro Sperimentale Volo – Reparto Medicina Aeronautica e Spaziale, Aeroporto “M. de Bernardi” Pratica di Mare Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Bianchini
- />Neuropsychology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- />Dipartmento di Psicologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Morgagni
- />Centro Sperimentale Volo – Reparto Medicina Aeronautica e Spaziale, Aeroporto “M. de Bernardi” Pratica di Mare Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Guariglia
- />Neuropsychology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- />Dipartmento di Psicologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Felice Strollo
- />UOC Endocrinologia e Malattie Metaboliche, INRCA- IRCCS Roma, Rome, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
92
|
Chiu EM, Thomas KA, Persike M, Quan JR, Bridgeman B. A Slippery Slope: Estimated Slant of Hills Increases with Distance. Perception 2014; 43:631-46. [DOI: 10.1068/p7658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The slopes of hills tend to be greatly overestimated. Previous studies have found that slope estimates are significantly greater when estimated verbally than with a proprioceptive measure. It has yet to be determined whether these estimates are made for the entire extent of the slope, or whether the estimates in closest proximity are estimated using a different process. Since some parietal cortex neurons respond differently to objects within arm's reach, short-distance slope estimation may utilize these or analogous neurons. Alternatively, greater implied effort might make longer slopes seem steeper. We determined that both verbal and proprioceptive reports of slope are overestimates that increase logarithmically with distance from the observer, contradicting both theories. Consistent with previous work, proprioceptive estimates were more accurate at all ranges. Our results can be interpreted as a function of the angle between the observer's gaze and the plane of the hill, modified by depth cues available at only near distances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Chiu
- Cognitive and Information Sciences, University of California Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - Kyle A Thomas
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, William James Hall 964, 33 Kirkland Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Malte Persike
- Psychologisches Institut, Methodenlehre & Stastistik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55122 Mainz, Germany
| | - Joshua R Quan
- Department of Psychology, University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Bruce Bridgeman
- Department of Psychology, University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Costantini M, Frassinetti F, Maini M, Ambrosini E, Gallese V, Sinigaglia C. When a laser pen becomes a stick: remapping of space by tool-use observation in hemispatial neglect. Exp Brain Res 2014; 232:3233-41. [PMID: 24942702 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-014-4012-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The role of active tool use in the remapping of space in hemispatial neglect patients has been extensively investigated. To date, however, there is no evidence that observing tool use can play a role in the remapping of space in hemispatial neglect patients. In this study, a patient with a severe hemispatial neglect in near but not far space and twelve healthy controls were asked to bisect near and far lines using a laser pen. The task was performed both before and immediately after sessions in which they merely observed the experimenter bisecting near and far lines with a stick. During the observation session, participants were either holding an identical stick or empty-handed. Results, in both the neglect patient and healthy controls, showed that observing the experimenter bisecting line while holding the same tool, produces a remapping of the far space into the near space. This result was particularly evident in the neglect patient where observing line-bisection task extended the spatial deficit from the near to the far space. Our results provide new empirical support to the idea that the space around us is not mapped in merely metrical terms, rather it seems to be deeply impacted by both action observation and execution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Costantini
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, University G. d'Annunzio, Via dei Vestini 33, 66100, Chieti, Italy,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
94
|
Guariglia P, Matano A, Piccardi L. Bisecting or not bisecting: this is the neglect question. Line bisection performance in the diagnosis of neglect in right brain-damaged patients. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99700. [PMID: 24937472 PMCID: PMC4061067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study we analysed the bisecting behaviour of 287 chronic right brain-damaged patients by taking into account the presence and severity of extrapersonal and/or personal neglect diagnosed with the hemineglect battery. We also analysed right brain-damaged patients who had (or did not have) neglect according to their line bisection performance. Our results showed that performance of the line bisection task correlates with performance of cancellation tasks, reading and perceptual tasks, but not with the presence of personal neglect. Personal neglect seems to be unrelated to line bisection behaviour. Indeed, patients affected by extrapersonal and personal neglect do not show more severe neglect in line bisection than patients with only extrapersonal neglect. Furthermore, we observed that 20.56% of the patients were considered affected or not by neglect on the line bisection task compared with the other spatial tasks of the hemineglect battery. We conclude that using a battery with multiple tests is the only way to guarantee a reliable diagnosis and effectively plan for rehabilitative training.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Guariglia
- Dipartimento Scienze dell’Uomo e della Società, Università degli Studi di Enna “Kore”, Enna, Italy
| | | | - Laura Piccardi
- Unità di Neuropsicologia, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica, Sanità Pubblica, Scienza della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
De Paepe AL, Crombez G, Spence C, Legrain V. Mapping nociceptive stimuli in a peripersonal frame of reference: Evidence from a temporal order judgment task. Neuropsychologia 2014; 56:219-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
96
|
Piccardi L, Bianchini F, Nori R, Marano A, Iachini F, Lasala L, Guariglia C. Spatial location and pathway memory compared in the reaching vs. walking domains. Neurosci Lett 2014; 566:226-30. [PMID: 24631564 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Piccardi
- Life, Health and Environmental Science Department, University of L'Aquila, Italy; Neuropsychology Unit, I.R.C.C.S. Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
| | - F Bianchini
- Neuropsychology Unit, I.R.C.C.S. Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy; Psychology Department, University Sapienza of Rome, Italy
| | - R Nori
- Psychology Department, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Marano
- Life, Health and Environmental Science Department, University of L'Aquila, Italy
| | - F Iachini
- Life, Health and Environmental Science Department, University of L'Aquila, Italy
| | - L Lasala
- Life, Health and Environmental Science Department, University of L'Aquila, Italy
| | - C Guariglia
- Neuropsychology Unit, I.R.C.C.S. Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy; Psychology Department, University Sapienza of Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Piccardi L, Leonzi M, D'Amico S, Marano A, Guariglia C. Development of navigational working memory: evidence from 6- to 10-year-old children. BRITISH JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2014; 32:205-17. [PMID: 24588844 DOI: 10.1111/bjdp.12036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The ability to learn complex environments may require the contribution of different types of working memory. Therefore, we investigated the development of different types of working memory (navigational, reaching, and verbal) in 129 typically developing children. We aimed to determine whether navigational working memory develops at the same rate as other types of working memory and whether the gender differences reported in adults are already present during development. We found that navigational working memory is less developed than both verbal and reaching working memory and that gender predicts performance only for navigational working memory. Our results are in line with reports that children made significantly more errors in far space than adults, showing that near space representation develops before far space representation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Piccardi
- Life, Health and Environmental Science Department, University of L'Aquila, Coppito, Italy; Neuropsychology Unit, I.R.C.C.S. Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
98
|
Mahayana IT, Liu CL, Chang CF, Hung DL, Tzeng OJL, Juan CH, Muggleton NG. Far-space neglect in conjunction but not feature search following transcranial magnetic stimulation over right posterior parietal cortex. J Neurophysiol 2014; 111:705-14. [DOI: 10.1152/jn.00492.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Near- and far-space coding in the human brain is a dynamic process. Areas in dorsal, as well as ventral visual association cortex, including right posterior parietal cortex (rPPC), right frontal eye field (rFEF), and right ventral occipital cortex (rVO), have been shown to be important in visuospatial processing, but the involvement of these areas when the information is in near or far space remains unclear. There is a need for investigations of these representations to help explain the pathophysiology of hemispatial neglect, and the role of near and far space is crucial to this. We used a conjunction visual search task using an elliptical array to investigate the effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation delivered over rFEF, rPPC, and rVO on the processing of targets in near and far space and at a range of horizontal eccentricities. As in previous studies, we found that rVO was involved in far-space search, and rFEF was involved regardless of the distance to the array. It was found that rPPC was involved in search only in far space, with a neglect-like effect when the target was located in the most eccentric locations. No effects were seen for any site for a feature search task. As the search arrays had higher predictability with respect to target location than is often the case, these data may form a basis for clarifying both the role of PPC in visual search and its contribution to neglect, as well as the importance of near and far space in these.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indra T. Mahayana
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lun Liu
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan
| | - Chi Fu Chang
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan
| | - Daisy L. Hung
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Laboratories for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ovid J. L. Tzeng
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Laboratories for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hung Juan
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan
- Laboratories for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Neil G. Muggleton
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan
- Laboratories for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, United Kingdom; and
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, New Cross, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Borel L, Redon-Zouiteni C, Cauvin P, Dumitrescu M, Devèze A, Magnan J, Péruch P. Unilateral vestibular loss impairs external space representation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88576. [PMID: 24523916 PMCID: PMC3921214 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The vestibular system is responsible for a wide range of postural and oculomotor functions and maintains an internal, updated representation of the position and movement of the head in space. In this study, we assessed whether unilateral vestibular loss affects external space representation. Patients with Menière's disease and healthy participants were instructed to point to memorized targets in near (peripersonal) and far (extrapersonal) spaces in the absence or presence of a visual background. These individuals were also required to estimate their body pointing direction. Menière's disease patients were tested before unilateral vestibular neurotomy and during the recovery period (one week and one month after the operation), and healthy participants were tested at similar times. Unilateral vestibular loss impaired the representation of both the external space and the body pointing direction: in the dark, the configuration of perceived targets was shifted toward the lesioned side and compressed toward the contralesioned hemifield, with higher pointing error in the near space. Performance varied according to the time elapsed after neurotomy: deficits were stronger during the early stages, while gradual compensation occurred subsequently. These findings provide the first demonstration of the critical role of vestibular signals in the representation of external space and of body pointing direction in the early stages after unilateral vestibular loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liliane Borel
- Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- CNRS, UMR 7260 Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Adaptatives, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Michel Dumitrescu
- Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- CNRS, UMR 7260 Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Adaptatives, Marseille, France
| | - Arnaud Devèze
- Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France
| | - Jacques Magnan
- Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- CNRS, UMR 7260 Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Adaptatives, Marseille, France
| | - Patrick Péruch
- Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- INSERM, UMR_S 1106 Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Functional assessment of region-specific neglect: are there differential behavioural consequences of peripersonal versus extrapersonal neglect? Behav Neurol 2014; 2014:526407. [PMID: 24825959 PMCID: PMC4006611 DOI: 10.1155/2014/526407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Region-specific types of neglect (peripersonal and extrapersonal) have been dissociated, yet, differential behavioural consequences are unknown. OBJECTIVE The aim of the current study was to investigate behavioural consequences at the level of basic activities of daily living of region-specific neglect, using the Catherine Bergego Scale (CBS). METHODS 118 stroke patients were screened within the first two weeks after admission to the rehabilitation center for inpatient rehabilitation. RESULTS Patients with peripersonal neglect and patients with neglect for both regions had significantly higher total score on the CBS compared to nonneglect patients. Total scores for patients with extrapersonal neglect were comparable to non-neglect patients. ADL impairments were found across activities (e.g., looking towards one side, forgetting body parts, colliding) for both patients with peripersonal neglect and patients with neglect for both regions. Patients with extrapersonal neglect were only impaired on the item on way finding. CONCLUSIONS When diagnosing neglect, it is relevant to distinguish the type of region-specific neglect and, where needed, to adjust the rehabilitation program accordingly. As the CBS is not developed to typically measure ADL in extrapersonal neglect, it would be of importance to add other (instrumental) activities that heavily rely on processing information in farther space.
Collapse
|