51
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Schelch K, Vogel L, Schneller A, Brankovic J, Mohr T, Mayer RL, Slany A, Gerner C, Grusch M. EGF Induces Migration Independent of EMT or Invasion in A549 Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:634371. [PMID: 33777943 PMCID: PMC7994520 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.634371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors and the tumor microenvironment produce multiple growth factors that influence cancer cell behavior via various signal transduction pathways. Growth factors, like transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and epidermal growth factor (EGF), have been shown to induce proliferation, migration, and invasion in different cell models. Both factors are frequently overexpressed in cancer and will often act in combination. Although both factors are being used as rational targets in clinical oncology, the similarities and differences of their contributions to cancer cell migration and invasion are not fully understood. Here we compared the impact of treating A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells with TGFβ, EGF, and both in combination by applying videomicroscopy, functional assays, immunoblotting, real-time PCR, and proteomics. Treatment with both factors stimulated A549 migration to a similar extent, but with different kinetics. The combination had an additive effect. EGF-induced migration depended on activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. However, this pathway was dispensable for TGFβ-induced migration, despite a strong activation of this pathway by TGFβ. Proteome analysis (data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD023024) revealed an overlap in expression patterns of migration-related proteins and associated gene ontology (GO) terms by TGFβ and EGF. Further, only TGFβ induced the expression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins like matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2). EGF, in contrast, made no major contribution to EMT marker expression on either the protein or the transcript level. In line with these expression patterns, TGFβ treatment significantly increased the invasive capacity of A549 cells, while EGF treatment did not. Moreover, the addition of EGF failed to enhance TGFβ-induced invasion. Overall, these data suggest that TGFβ and EGF can partly compensate for each other for stimulation of cell migration, but abrogation of TGFβ signaling may be more suitable to suppress cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Schelch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Vogel
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anja Schneller
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jelena Brankovic
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Mohr
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rupert L Mayer
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Astrid Slany
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Grusch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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52
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Song D, He H, Sinha I, Hases L, Yan F, Archer A, Haldosen LA, Zhao C, Williams C. Blocking Fra-1 sensitizes triple-negative breast cancer to PARP inhibitor. Cancer Lett 2021; 506:23-34. [PMID: 33652085 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The AP-1 member Fra-1 is overexpressed in TNBC and plays crucial roles in tumor progression and treatment resistance. In a previous large-scale screen, we identified PARP1 to be among 118 proteins that interact with endogenous chromatin-bound Fra-1 in TNBC cells. PARP1 inhibitor (olaparib) is currently in clinical use for treatment of BRCA-mutated TNBC breast cancer. Here, we demonstrate that the Fra-1-PARP1 interaction impacts the efficacy of olaparib treatment. We show that PARP1 interacts with and downregulates Fra-1, thereby reducing AP-1 transcriptional activity. Olaparib treatment, or silencing of PARP1, consequently, increases Fra-1 levels and enhances its transcriptional activity. Increased Fra-1 can have adverse effect, including treatment resistance. We also found that a large fraction of PARP1-regulated genes was dependent on Fra-1. We show that by inhibiting Fra-1/AP-1, non-BRCA-mutated TNBC cells can become sensitized to olaparib treatment. We identify that high PARP1 expression is indicative of a poor clinical outcome in breast cancer patients overall (P = 0.01), but not for HER-2 positive patients. In conclusion, by exploring the functionality of the Fra-1 and PARP1 interaction, we propose that targeting Fra-1 could serve as a combinatory therapeutic approach to improve olaparib treatment outcome for TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Song
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, S-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Huan He
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Indranil Sinha
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Linnea Hases
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, S-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden.
| | - Feifei Yan
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, S-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Amena Archer
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden.
| | - Lars-Arne Haldosen
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, S-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Chunyan Zhao
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, S-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Cecilia Williams
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, S-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, CBH, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden.
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53
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Barguilla I, Bach J, Peremartí J, Marcos R, Hernández A. FRA1 is essential for the maintenance of the oncogenic phenotype induced by in vitro long-term arsenic exposure. Metallomics 2020; 12:2161-2173. [PMID: 33313624 DOI: 10.1039/d0mt00209g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic induces oncogenic effects activating stress-related signalling pathways. This can result in the over-activation of the AP-1 protein, specifically its FRA1 component. FRA1 is a transcription factor frequently overexpressed in epithelial tumors, where it can regulate the expression of different target genes. Accordingly, FRA1 could play an essential role in the in vitro cell transformation induced by arsenic. FRA1 levels were monitored in MEF cells throughout their transformation stages during 40 weeks of long-term 2 μM arsenic exposure. Interestingly, the results show a progressive FRA1 overexpression with time (60-fold and 11-fold for mRNA and pFRA/non-pFRA1, respectively, at week 40), which may be responsible for the observed altered expression in the FRA1 downstream target genes Pten, Pdcd4, Tpm1, Tgfb1, Tgfb2, Zeb1, Zeb2, and Twist. The levels of MAPKs (ERK, p38, and JNK) and other known players upstream from FRA1 were assessed at equivalent time-points, and ERK, p38 and RAS were pinpointed as potential candidates involved in arsenic-induced FRA1 activation. Furthermore, FRA1 stable knockdown under chronic arsenic exposure settings elicits a remarkable impact on the features relative to the cells' oncogenic phenotype. Notably, FRA1 knockdown cells present a 30% diminished proliferation rate, a 50% lowered migration and invasion potential, a 50% reduction in senescence, and a 30-60% reduced tumorsphere-forming ability. This work is the first to demonstrate the important role of FRA1 in the development and aggressiveness of the in vitro transformed phenotype induced by long-term arsenic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Barguilla
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici Cn, Campus de Bellaterra, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain.
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He X, Han Z, Jiang W, Huang F, Ren C, Wei Q, Zhou N. Hypoxia improved vasculogenesis in distraction osteogenesis through Mesenchymal-Epithelial transition (MET), Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and autophagy. Acta Histochem 2020; 122:151593. [PMID: 32778247 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2020.151593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The osteogenesis rate of distraction osteogenesis is 4-6 times faster than that of infants, far beyond fracture healing. However, the osteogenesis mechanism of DO is complicated and inconclusive owing to two significant elements: mechanical tension which is well explored and trauma caused by bone fracture. Vasculogenesis and EPCs are critical for successful bone regeneration during DO. Thus, this study aimed to explore the effects of hypoxia caused by trauma or CoCl2 on the vasculogenesis of DO and EPCs. MATERIAL AND METHODS Mandibular DO and BF models were generated using 6 beagle dogs with a distraction rate of 1 mm per day for 7 days or acute lengthening for 7 mm. The vasculogenesis in DO-gap or BF-gap were assessed via histological analyses, qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining. Dog bone marrow EPCs were isolated and cultured with or without 0.1 mM CoCl2. The effect of hypoxia caused by CoCl2 were subsequently valuated via in vitro assays including Cell Counting Kit-8, transwell assay, qRT-PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS Histological analyses, qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining revealed that vasculogenesis markedly accelerated in DO-gap compared with BF-gap, and the DO-gap displayed more positive to CD133, CD34, HIF-1α, E-cadherin, beclin1, β-catenin, VEGF, bFGF, and less positive to ZEB1 than BF-gap. In addition, in vitro analyses revealed CoCl2 treatment enhanced EPCs proliferation and migration, and the levels of HIF-1α, E-cadherin, β-catenin, beclin1, VEGF, bFGF of EPCs were increased, but the level of ZEB1 was decreased. CONCLUSION Our studies showed that hypoxia promoted vasculogenesis in DO and EPCs, and the mechanism may involve autophagy, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and Mesenchymal-Epithelial transition (MET).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan He
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, China; Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, China
| | - Zhiqi Han
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, China; Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, China
| | - Weidong Jiang
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, China; Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, China
| | - Fangfang Huang
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, China; Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, China
| | - Chao Ren
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, China; Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, China
| | - Qian Wei
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, China; Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, China
| | - Nuo Zhou
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, China; Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, China.
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55
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Feldker N, Ferrazzi F, Schuhwerk H, Widholz SA, Guenther K, Frisch I, Jakob K, Kleemann J, Riegel D, Bönisch U, Lukassen S, Eccles RL, Schmidl C, Stemmler MP, Brabletz T, Brabletz S. Genome-wide cooperation of EMT transcription factor ZEB1 with YAP and AP-1 in breast cancer. EMBO J 2020; 39:e103209. [PMID: 32692442 PMCID: PMC7459422 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019103209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasion, metastasis and therapy resistance are the major cause of cancer‐associated deaths, and the EMT‐inducing transcription factor ZEB1 is a crucial stimulator of these processes. While work on ZEB1 has mainly focused on its role as a transcriptional repressor, it can also act as a transcriptional activator. To further understand these two modes of action, we performed a genome‐wide ZEB1 binding study in triple‐negative breast cancer cells. We identified ZEB1 as a novel interactor of the AP‐1 factors FOSL1 and JUN and show that, together with the Hippo pathway effector YAP, they form a transactivation complex, predominantly activating tumour‐promoting genes, thereby synergising with its function as a repressor of epithelial genes. High expression of ZEB1, YAP, FOSL1 and JUN marks the aggressive claudin‐low subtype of breast cancer, indicating the translational relevance of our findings. Thus, our results link critical tumour‐promoting transcription factors: ZEB1, AP‐1 and Hippo pathway factors. Disturbing their molecular interaction may provide a promising treatment option for aggressive cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Feldker
- Department of Experimental Medicine 1, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fulvia Ferrazzi
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Harald Schuhwerk
- Department of Experimental Medicine 1, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian A Widholz
- Department of Experimental Medicine 1, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Guenther
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Isabell Frisch
- Department of Experimental Medicine 1, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Jakob
- Department of Experimental Medicine 1, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julia Kleemann
- Department of Experimental Medicine 1, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dania Riegel
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI), University Regensburg and University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Bönisch
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sören Lukassen
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rebecca L Eccles
- Department of Experimental Medicine 1, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Schmidl
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI), University Regensburg and University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Marc P Stemmler
- Department of Experimental Medicine 1, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Brabletz
- Department of Experimental Medicine 1, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simone Brabletz
- Department of Experimental Medicine 1, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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56
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Jin Y, Yang L, Li X, Liu F. Circular RNA KIF4A promotes cell migration, invasion and inhibits apoptosis through miR-152/ZEB1 axis in breast cancer. Diagn Pathol 2020; 15:55. [PMID: 32408908 PMCID: PMC7222477 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-020-00963-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been demonstrated to exert crucial mediators in tumor initiation and development. Nevertheless, the roles of circKIF4A in breast cancer (BC) are still not very clear. METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was conducted to determine the expression of circKIF4A, miR-152, zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) mRNA and caspase-3. Western blot assay was utilized to examine the protein level of ZEB1. Transwell assay and flow-cytometric analysis were adopted for the evaluation of cell migration, invasion and apoptosis, respectively. The associations among circKIF4A, miR-152 and ZEB1 were predicted by online websites and verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. RESULTS CircKIF4A and ZEB1 were conspicuously upregulated and miR-152 was markedly reduced in BC tissues and cells. Deficiency of circKIF4A repressed migration, invasion and induced apoptosis of BC cells. Moreover, circKIF4A was confirmed to be a sponge of miR-152 and miR-152 could bind to ZEB1. MiR-152 inhibition or ZEB1 overexpression abolished the impacts of circKIF4A knockdown on cell migration, invasion and apoptosis in BC. CONCLUSION Silencing of circKIF4A hampered cell metastasis and promoted apoptosis by regulating ZEB1 via sponging miR-152 in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongping Jin
- Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Teaching Management, School of Medicine of Kaifeng City, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xia Li
- Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health of Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
| | - Fangli Liu
- Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health of Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
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57
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Talotta F, Casalino L, Verde P. The nuclear oncoprotein Fra-1: a transcription factor knocking on therapeutic applications' door. Oncogene 2020; 39:4491-4506. [PMID: 32385348 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1306-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Among the FOS-related members of the AP-1 dimeric complex, the transcription factor Fra-1, encoded by FOSL1, is crucially involved in human tumor progression and metastasis, thus representing a promising therapeutic target. Here we review the state of the art and discuss the emerging topics and perspectives on FOSL1 and its gene product. First, we summarize the present knowledge on the FOSL1 transcriptional and epigenetic controls, driving Fra-1 accumulation in a variety of human solid tumors. We also present a model on the regulatory interactions between Fra-1, p53, and miRNAs. Then, we outline the multiple roles of Fra-1 posttranslational modifications and transactivation mechanisms of select Fra-1 target genes. In addition to summarizing the Fra-1-dependent gene networks controlling proliferation, survival, and epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMT) in multiple cancer cell types, we highlight the roles played by Fra-1 in nonneoplastic cell populations recruited to the tumor microenvironment, and in mouse models of tumorigenesis. Next, we review the prognostic power of the Fra-1-associated gene signatures, and envisage potential strategies aimed at Fra-1 therapeutic inhibition. Finally, we discuss several recent reports showing the emerging roles of Fra-1 in the mechanisms of both resistance and addiction to targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Talotta
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati Traverso" CNR, Naples, Italy.,ReiThera Srl, Castel Romano, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Casalino
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati Traverso" CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Verde
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati Traverso" CNR, Naples, Italy.
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58
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Esposito F, Boccarelli A, Del Buono N. An NMF-Based Methodology for Selecting Biomarkers in the Landscape of Genes of Heterogeneous Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Populations. Bioinform Biol Insights 2020; 14:1177932220906827. [PMID: 32425511 PMCID: PMC7218276 DOI: 10.1177/1177932220906827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid development of high-performance technologies has greatly promoted studies of molecular oncology producing large amounts of data. Even if these data are publicly available, they need to be processed and studied to extract information useful to better understand mechanisms of pathogenesis of complex diseases, such as tumors. In this article, we illustrated a procedure for mining biologically meaningful biomarkers from microarray datasets of different tumor histotypes. The proposed methodology allows to automatically identify a subset of potentially informative genes from microarray data matrices, which differs either in the number of rows (genes) and of columns (patients). The methodology integrates nonnegative matrix factorization method, a functional enrichment analysis web tool with a properly designed gene extraction procedure to allow the analysis of omics input data with different row size. The proposed methodology has been used to mine microarray of solid tumors of different embryonic origin to verify the presence of common genes characterizing the heterogeneity of cancer-associated fibroblasts. These automatically extracted biomarkers could be used to suggest appropriate therapies to inactivate the state of active fibroblasts, thus avoiding their action on tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Esposito
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Angelina Boccarelli
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
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59
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Siouda M, Dujardin AD, Barbollat-Boutrand L, Mendoza-Parra MA, Gibert B, Ouzounova M, Bouaoud J, Tonon L, Robert M, Foy JP, Lavergne V, Manie SN, Viari A, Puisieux A, Ichim G, Gronemeyer H, Saintigny P, Mulligan P. CDYL2 Epigenetically Regulates MIR124 to Control NF-κB/STAT3-Dependent Breast Cancer Cell Plasticity. iScience 2020; 23:101141. [PMID: 32450513 PMCID: PMC7251929 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic deregulation of gene transcription is central to cancer cell plasticity and malignant progression but remains poorly understood. We found that the uncharacterized epigenetic factor chromodomain on Y-like 2 (CDYL2) is commonly over-expressed in breast cancer, and that high CDYL2 levels correlate with poor prognosis. Supporting a functional role for CDYL2 in malignancy, it positively regulated breast cancer cell migration, invasion, stem-like phenotypes, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. CDYL2 regulation of these plasticity-associated processes depended on signaling via p65/NF-κB and STAT3. This, in turn, was downstream of CDYL2 regulation of MIR124 gene transcription. CDYL2 co-immunoprecipitated with G9a/EHMT2 and GLP/EHMT1 and regulated the chromatin enrichment of G9a and EZH2 at MIR124 genes. We propose that CDYL2 contributes to poor prognosis in breast cancer by recruiting G9a and EZH2 to epigenetically repress MIR124 genes, thereby promoting NF-κB and STAT3 signaling, as well as downstream cancer cell plasticity and malignant progression. Up-regulation of CDYL2 is common in breast cancer and correlates with poor prognosis CDYL2 regulates enrichment of methyltransferases G9a and EZH2 at MIR124 genes microRNA-124 regulation by CDYL2 impacts STAT3 and NF-κB signaling CDYL2 regulation of EMT, migration, invasion, and stemness is STAT3/NF-κB dependent
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Siouda
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Audrey D Dujardin
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laetitia Barbollat-Boutrand
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Marco A Mendoza-Parra
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), CNRS UMR 7104, INSERM U964, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Benjamin Gibert
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Maria Ouzounova
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, LabEx DEVweCAN
| | - Jebrane Bouaoud
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France; Department of Maxillo-facial Surgery and Stomatology, Pitié-Salpétrière Hospital, Pierre et Marie Curie University Paris 6, Sorbonne Paris Cite University, AP-HP, Paris 75013, France
| | - Laurie Tonon
- Synergie Lyon Cancer, Plateforme de Bioinformatique "Gilles Thomas", Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Lannec, Lyon 69008, France; INRIA Grenoble-Rhône-Alpes, 655 Avenue de l'Europe, Montbonnot-Saint-Martin 38330, France
| | - Marie Robert
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, LabEx DEVweCAN
| | - Jean-Philippe Foy
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, LabEx DEVweCAN
| | - Vincent Lavergne
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, LabEx DEVweCAN
| | - Serge N Manie
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Alain Viari
- Synergie Lyon Cancer, Plateforme de Bioinformatique "Gilles Thomas", Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Lannec, Lyon 69008, France; INRIA Grenoble-Rhône-Alpes, 655 Avenue de l'Europe, Montbonnot-Saint-Martin 38330, France
| | - Alain Puisieux
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, LabEx DEVweCAN
| | - Gabriel Ichim
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Hinrich Gronemeyer
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), CNRS UMR 7104, INSERM U964, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Pierre Saintigny
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, LabEx DEVweCAN
| | - Peter Mulligan
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Lyon, France; Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Centre Léon Bérard, Epigenetics and Cancer Team, Cheney A, 5e étage, 28 rue Laennec, Lyon Cedex 08 69373, France.
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Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal plasticity contributes to many biological processes, including tumor progression. Various epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) responses have been reported and no common, EMT-defining gene expression program has been identified. Here, we have performed a comparative analysis of the EMT response, leveraging highly multiplexed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to measure expression profiles of 103,999 cells from 960 samples, comprising 12 EMT time course experiments and independent kinase inhibitor screens for each. We demonstrate that the EMT is vastly context specific, with an average of only 22% of response genes being shared between any two conditions, and over half of all response genes were restricted to 1–2 time course experiments. Further, kinase inhibitor screens revealed signaling dependencies and modularity of these responses. These findings suggest that the EMT is not simply a single, linear process, but is highly variable and modular, warranting quantitative frameworks for understanding nuances of the transition. It is unclear if a common EMT expression program exists. Here, the authors perform multiplexed single-cell RNA sequencing across 12 EMT time courses and 16 kinase inhibitor screens, and find that EMT transcriptional responses are context specific and EMT is not a single, linear transition.
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61
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TGFβ and EGF signaling orchestrates the AP-1- and p63 transcriptional regulation of breast cancer invasiveness. Oncogene 2020; 39:4436-4449. [PMID: 32350443 PMCID: PMC7253358 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1299-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Activator protein (AP)-1 transcription factors are essential elements of the pro-oncogenic functions of transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ)-SMAD signaling. Here we show that in multiple HER2+ and/or EGFR+ breast cancer cell lines these AP-1-dependent tumorigenic properties of TGFβ critically rely on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation and expression of the ΔN isoform of transcriptional regulator p63. EGFR and ΔNp63 enabled and/or potentiated the activation of a subset of TGFβ-inducible invasion/migration-associated genes, e.g., ITGA2, LAMB3, and WNT7A/B, and enhanced the recruitment of SMAD2/3 to these genes. The TGFβ- and EGF-induced binding of SMAD2/3 and JUNB to these gene loci was accompanied by p63-SMAD2/3 and p63-JUNB complex formation. p63 and EGFR were also found to strongly potentiate TGFβ induction of AP-1 proteins and, in particular, FOS family members. Ectopic overexpression of FOS could counteract the decrease in TGFβ-induced gene activation after p63 depletion. p63 is also involved in the transcriptional regulation of heparin binding (HB)-EGF and EGFR genes, thereby establishing a self-amplification loop that facilitates and empowers the pro-invasive functions of TGFβ. These cooperative pro-oncogenic functions of EGFR, AP-1, p63, and TGFβ were efficiently inhibited by clinically relevant chemical inhibitors. Our findings may, therefore, be of importance for therapy of patients with breast cancers with an activated EGFR-RAS-RAF pathway.
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62
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Sundqvist A, Voytyuk O, Hamdi M, Popeijus HE, Bijlsma-van der Burgt C, Janssen J, Martens JW, Moustakas A, Heldin CH, ten Dijke P, van Dam H. JNK-Dependent cJun Phosphorylation Mitigates TGFβ- and EGF-Induced Pre-Malignant Breast Cancer Cell Invasion by Suppressing AP-1-Mediated Transcriptional Responses. Cells 2019; 8:E1481. [PMID: 31766464 PMCID: PMC6952832 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) has both tumor-suppressive and tumor-promoting effects in breast cancer. These functions are partly mediated through Smads, intracellular transcriptional effectors of TGFβ. Smads form complexes with other DNA-binding transcription factors to elicit cell-type-dependent responses. Previously, we found that the collagen invasion and migration of pre-malignant breast cancer cells in response to TGFβ and epidermal growth factor (EGF) critically depend on multiple Jun and Fos components of the activator protein (AP)-1 transcription factor complex. Here we report that the same process is negatively regulated by Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-dependent cJun phosphorylation. This was demonstrated by analysis of phospho-deficient, phospho-mimicking, and dimer-specific cJun mutants, and experiments employing a mutant version of the phosphatase MKP1 that specifically inhibits JNK. Hyper-phosphorylation of cJun by JNK strongly inhibited its ability to induce several Jun/Fos-regulated genes and to promote migration and invasion. These results show that MEK-AP-1 and JNK-phospho-cJun exhibit distinct pro- and anti-invasive functions, respectively, through differential regulation of Smad- and AP-1-dependent TGFβ target genes. Our findings are of importance for personalized cancer therapy, such as for patients suffering from specific types of breast tumors with activated EGF receptor-Ras or inactivated JNK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Sundqvist
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 582, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; (A.M.); (C.-H.H.); (P.t.D.)
| | - Oleksandr Voytyuk
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 582, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; (A.M.); (C.-H.H.); (P.t.D.)
| | - Mohamed Hamdi
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (M.H.); (H.E.P.); (C.B.-v.d.B.); (J.J.)
| | - Herman E. Popeijus
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (M.H.); (H.E.P.); (C.B.-v.d.B.); (J.J.)
| | - Corina Bijlsma-van der Burgt
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (M.H.); (H.E.P.); (C.B.-v.d.B.); (J.J.)
| | - Josephine Janssen
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (M.H.); (H.E.P.); (C.B.-v.d.B.); (J.J.)
| | - John W.M. Martens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Aristidis Moustakas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 582, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; (A.M.); (C.-H.H.); (P.t.D.)
| | - Carl-Henrik Heldin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 582, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; (A.M.); (C.-H.H.); (P.t.D.)
| | - Peter ten Dijke
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 582, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; (A.M.); (C.-H.H.); (P.t.D.)
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (M.H.); (H.E.P.); (C.B.-v.d.B.); (J.J.)
| | - Hans van Dam
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (M.H.); (H.E.P.); (C.B.-v.d.B.); (J.J.)
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63
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Expression and function of FRA1 protein in tumors. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:737-752. [PMID: 31612408 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05123-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AP-1 is a dimeric complex that is composed of JUN, FOS, ATF and MAF protein families. FOS-related antigen 1 (FRA1) which encoded by FOSL1 gene, belongs to the FOS protein family, and mainly forms an AP-1 complex with the protein of the JUN family to exert an effect. Regulation of FRA1 occurs at levels of transcription and post-translational modification, and phosphorylation is the major post-translational modification. FRA1 is mainly regulated by the mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathway and is degraded by ubiquitin-independent proteasomes. FRA1 can affect biological functions, such as tumor proliferation, differentiation, invasion and apoptosis. Studies have demonstrated that FRA1 is abnormally expressed in many tumors and plays a relevant role, but the specific condition varies from the target organs. FRA1 is overexpressed in breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, thyroid cancer and other tumors. However, the expression of FRA1 is decreased in cervical cancer, and the expression of FRA1 in ovarian cancer and oral squamous cell carcinoma is still controversial. In this review, we present a detailed description of the regulatory factors and functions of FRA1, also, the expression of FRA1 in various tumors and its function in relative tumor.
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64
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Feng T, Golji J, Li A, Zhang X, Ruddy DA, Rakiec DP, Geyer FC, Gu J, Gao H, Williams JA, Stuart DD, Meyer MJ. Distinct Transcriptional Programming Drive Response to MAPK Inhibition in BRAF V600-Mutant Melanoma Patient-Derived Xenografts. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:2421-2432. [PMID: 31527224 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitors targeting BRAF and its downstream kinase MEK produce robust response in patients with advanced BRAF V600-mutant melanoma. However, the duration and depth of response vary significantly between patients; therefore, predicting response a priori remains a significant challenge. Here, we utilized the Novartis collection of patient-derived xenografts to characterize transcriptional alterations elicited by BRAF and MEK inhibitors in vivo, in an effort to identify mechanisms governing differential response to MAPK inhibition. We show that the expression of an MITF-high, "epithelial-like" transcriptional program is associated with reduced sensitivity and adaptive response to BRAF and MEK inhibitor treatment. On the other hand, xenograft models that express an MAPK-driven "mesenchymal-like" transcriptional program are preferentially sensitive to MAPK inhibition. These gene-expression programs are somewhat similar to the MITF-high and -low phenotypes described in cancer cell lines, but demonstrate an inverse relationship with drug response. This suggests a discrepancy between in vitro and in vivo experimental systems that warrants future investigations. Finally, BRAF V600-mutant melanoma relies on either MAPK or alternative pathways for survival under BRAF and MEK inhibition in vivo, which in turn predicts their response to further pathway suppression using a combination of BRAF, MEK, and ERK inhibitors. Our findings highlight the intertumor heterogeneity in BRAF V600-mutant melanoma, and the need for precision medicine strategies to target this aggressive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Feng
- Oncology Drug Discovery, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Javad Golji
- Oncology Drug Discovery, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Ailing Li
- Oncology Drug Discovery, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Xiamei Zhang
- Oncology Drug Discovery, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - David A Ruddy
- Oncology Drug Discovery, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel P Rakiec
- Oncology Drug Discovery, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Felipe C Geyer
- Oncology Drug Discovery, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jane Gu
- Oncology Drug Discovery, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Hui Gao
- Oncology Drug Discovery, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Juliet A Williams
- Oncology Drug Discovery, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Darrin D Stuart
- Oncology Drug Discovery, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Cambridge, Massachusetts.
| | - Matthew J Meyer
- Oncology Drug Discovery, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Cambridge, Massachusetts.
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65
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Fardi M, Alivand M, Baradaran B, Farshdousti Hagh M, Solali S. The crucial role of ZEB2: From development to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cancer complexity. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14783-14799. [PMID: 30773635 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) is a DNA-binding transcription factor, which is mainly involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT is a conserved process during which mature and adherent epithelial-like state is converted into a mobile mesenchymal state. Emerging data indicate that ZEB2 plays a pivotal role in EMT-induced processes such as development, differentiation, and malignant mechanisms, for example, drug resistance, cancer stem cell-like traits, apoptosis, survival, cell cycle arrest, tumor recurrence, and metastasis. In this regard, the understanding of mentioned subjects in the development of normal and cancerous cells could be helpful in cancer complexity of diagnosis and therapy. In this study, we review recent findings about the biological properties of ZEB2 in healthy and cancerous states to find new approaches for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Fardi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Immunology Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Immunology Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Saeed Solali
- Immunology Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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66
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Hadj-Ahmed M, Ghali RM, Bouaziz H, Habel A, Stayoussef M, Ayedi M, Hachiche M, Rahal K, Yacoubi-Loueslati B, Almawi WY. Transforming growth factor beta 1 polymorphisms and haplotypes associated with breast cancer susceptibility: A case-control study in Tunisian women. Tumour Biol 2019; 41:1010428319869096. [PMID: 31405342 DOI: 10.1177/1010428319869096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Variable association of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) in breast cancer (BC) pathogenesis was documented, and the contribution of specific TGFB1 polymorphisms to the progression of BC and associated features remains poorly understood. We investigated the contribution of TGFB1 rs1800469, rs1800470, rs1800471, and rs1800472 variants and 4-locus TGFB1 haplotypes on BC susceptibility, and pathological presentation of BC subtypes. Study subjects comprised 430 female BC cases, and 498 cancer-free control women. BC-associated pathological parameters were also evaluated for correlation with TGFB1 variants. Results obtained showed that the minor allele frequency (MAF) of rs1800471 (+74G>C) was higher seen in BC cases than in control subjects, and was associated with increased risk of BC. Significant differences in rs1800471 and rs1800469 (-509C>T) genotype distribution were noted between BC cases and controls, which persisted after controlling for key covariates. TGFB1 rs1800472 was positively, while rs1800470 was negatively associated with triple negativity, while rs1800470 positively correlated with menarche, but negatively with tumor size and molecular type, and rs1800469 correlated positively with menstrual irregularity, distant metastasis, nodal status, and hormonotherapy. Heterogeneity in LD pattern was noted between the tested TGFB1 variants. Four-locus (rs1800472-rs1800471-rs1800470-rs1800469) Haploview analysis identified haplotype TGCT to be negatively associated, and haplotypes CGTT and CCCC to be positively associated with BC. This association of CGTT and CCCC, but not TGCT, with BC remained significant after controlling for key covariates. In conclusion, TGFB1 alleles and specific genotypes, and 4-locus TGFB1 haplotypes influence BC susceptibility, suggesting dual association imparted by specific SNP, consistent with dual role for TGFB1 in BC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Hadj-Ahmed
- 1 Laboratory of Mycology, Pathologies and Biomarkers, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rabeb M Ghali
- 2 Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hanen Bouaziz
- 3 Department of Carcinological Surgery, Salah Azaïz Institute, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Azza Habel
- 1 Laboratory of Mycology, Pathologies and Biomarkers, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Stayoussef
- 1 Laboratory of Mycology, Pathologies and Biomarkers, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Ayedi
- 4 Department of Medical Oncology, Salah Azaïz Institute, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Monia Hachiche
- 2 Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Khaled Rahal
- 2 Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Besma Yacoubi-Loueslati
- 1 Laboratory of Mycology, Pathologies and Biomarkers, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Wassim Y Almawi
- 1 Laboratory of Mycology, Pathologies and Biomarkers, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,5 Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
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67
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Tolza C, Bejjani F, Evanno E, Mahfoud S, Moquet-Torcy G, Gostan T, Maqbool MA, Kirsh O, Piechaczyk M, Jariel-Encontre I. AP-1 Signaling by Fra-1 Directly Regulates HMGA1 Oncogene Transcription in Triple-Negative Breast Cancers. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:1999-2014. [PMID: 31300541 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The architectural chromatin protein HMGA1 and the transcription factor Fra-1 are both overexpressed in aggressive triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC), where they both favor epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and metastasis. We therefore explored the possibility that Fra-1 might be involved in enhanced transcription of the HMGA1 gene in TNBCs by exploiting cancer transcriptome datasets and resorting to functional studies combining RNA interference, mRNA and transcriptional run-on assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and chromosome conformation capture approaches in TNBC model cell lines. Our bioinformatic analysis indicated that Fra-1 and HMGA1 expressions positively correlate in primary samples of patients with TNBC. Our functional studies showed that Fra-1 regulates HMGA1 mRNA expression at the transcriptional level via binding to enhancer elements located in the last two introns of the gene. Although Fra-1 binding is required for p300/CBP recruitment at the enhancer domain, this recruitment did not appear essential for Fra-1-stimulated HMGA1 gene expression. Strikingly, Fra-1 binding is required for efficient recruitment of RNA Polymerase II at the HMGA1 promoter. This is permitted owing to chromatin interactions bringing about the intragenic Fra-1-binding enhancers and the gene promoter region. Fra-1 is, however, not instrumental for chromatin loop formation at the HMGA1 locus but rather exerts its transcriptional activity by exploiting chromatin interactions preexisting to its binding. IMPLICATIONS: We demonstrate that Fra-1 bound to an intragenic enhancer region is required for RNA Pol II recruitement at the HMGA1 promoter. Thereby, we provide novel insights into the mechanisms whereby Fra-1 exerts its prooncogenic transcriptional actions in the TNBC pathologic context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Tolza
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Montpellier, France.,Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Fabienne Bejjani
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Montpellier, France.,Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France.,Lebanese University of Beirut, Rafic Hariri Campus, Hadath, Beirut, Lebanon. M. Piechaczyk and I. Jariel-Encontre are the cosenior authors of this article
| | - Emilie Evanno
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Montpellier, France.,Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Samantha Mahfoud
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Montpellier, France.,Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France.,Lebanese University of Beirut, Rafic Hariri Campus, Hadath, Beirut, Lebanon. M. Piechaczyk and I. Jariel-Encontre are the cosenior authors of this article
| | - Gabriel Moquet-Torcy
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Montpellier, France.,Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Gostan
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Muhammad Ahmad Maqbool
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Olivier Kirsh
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Marc Piechaczyk
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Montpellier, France.,Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Jariel-Encontre
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Montpellier, France. .,Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
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68
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Fan MJ, Zou YH, He PJ, Zhang S, Sun XM, Li CZ. Long non-coding RNA SPRY4-IT1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition of cervical cancer by regulating the miR-101-3p/ZEB1 axis. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20181339. [PMID: 31092700 PMCID: PMC6549091 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidences have indicated that long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) play vital roles in cancer development and progression. Previous studies have suggested that overexpression of SPRY4 intronic transcript 1 (SPRY4-IT1) predicates poor prognosis and promotes tumor progress in cervical cancer (CC). However, the underlying mechanism of SPRY4-IT1 in CC remains unknown. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the function and mechanism of SPRY4-IT1 in CC. METHODS SPRY4-IT1 was detected by quantitative PCR. Wound-healing assay and Transwell assay were performed to detect cell migration and invasion, respectively. Western blotting assays were used to analyze the protein expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin. Tumor xenografts experiments were performed to detect the effect of SPRY4-IT1 in vivo. Dual luciferase reporter assay was used to investigate potential molecular mechanism of SPRY4-IT1 in CC cells. RESULTS SPRY4-IT1 was up-regulated in CC cell lines. Knockdown of SPRY4-IT1 significantly inhibited CC cells migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo Moreover, knockdown of SPRY4-IT1 significantly suppressed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CC by increased E-cadherin expression and decreased the N-cadherin and vimentin expression. Mechanically, SPRY4-IT1 could directly bind to miR-101-3p and effectively act as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-101-3p to regulate the expression of the target gene ZEB1Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the SPYR4-IT1/miR-101-3p/ZEB1 axis contributes to CC migration and invasion, which may provide novel insights into the function of lncRNA-driven tumorigenesis of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jun Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Hui Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, P.R. China
| | - Peng-Juan He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250021, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Mei Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Zhong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, P.R. China
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69
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Walters K, Sarsenov R, Too WS, Hare RK, Paterson IC, Lambert DW, Brown S, Bradford JR. Comprehensive functional profiling of long non-coding RNAs through a novel pan-cancer integration approach and modular analysis of their protein-coding gene association networks. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:454. [PMID: 31159744 PMCID: PMC6547491 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5850-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as crucial regulators of cellular processes in diseases such as cancer, although the functions of most remain poorly understood. To address this, here we apply a novel strategy to integrate gene expression profiles across 32 cancer types, and cluster human lncRNAs based on their pan-cancer protein-coding gene associations. By doing so, we derive 16 lncRNA modules whose unique properties allow simultaneous inference of function, disease specificity and regulation for over 800 lncRNAs. Results Remarkably, modules could be grouped into just four functional themes: transcription regulation, immunological, extracellular, and neurological, with module generation frequently driven by lncRNA tissue specificity. Notably, three modules associated with the extracellular matrix represented potential networks of lncRNAs regulating key events in tumour progression. These included a tumour-specific signature of 33 lncRNAs that may play a role in inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition through modulation of TGFβ signalling, and two stromal-specific modules comprising 26 lncRNAs linked to a tumour suppressive microenvironment and 12 lncRNAs related to cancer-associated fibroblasts. One member of the 12-lncRNA signature was experimentally supported by siRNA knockdown, which resulted in attenuated differentiation of quiescent fibroblasts to a cancer-associated phenotype. Conclusions Overall, the study provides a unique pan-cancer perspective on the lncRNA functional landscape, acting as a global source of novel hypotheses on lncRNA contribution to tumour progression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5850-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Walters
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK
| | - Radmir Sarsenov
- Sheffield RNAi Screening Facility (SRSF), Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK
| | - Wen Siong Too
- Sheffield RNAi Screening Facility (SRSF), Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK
| | - Roseanna K Hare
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK
| | - Ian C Paterson
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Daniel W Lambert
- Sheffield Institute for Nucleic Acids (SInFoNiA), Integrated Biosciences, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK
| | - Stephen Brown
- Sheffield RNAi Screening Facility (SRSF), Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK
| | - James R Bradford
- Sheffield Institute for Nucleic Acids (SInFoNiA), Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK. .,Almac Diagnostic Services, Craigavon, Northern Ireland, UK.
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70
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Culig Z. Epithelial mesenchymal transition and resistance in endocrine-related cancers. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:1368-1375. [PMID: 31108117 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial to mesencyhmal transition (EMT) has a central role in tumor metastasis and progression. EMT is regulated by several growth factors and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The most important role in this regulation could be attributed to transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). In breast cancer, TGF-β effect on EMT could be potentiated by Fos-related antigen, oncogene HER2, epidermal growth factor, or mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5 - extracellular-regulated kinase signaling. Several microRNAs in breast cancer have a considerable role either in potentiation or in suppression of EMT thus acting as oncogenic or tumor suppressive modulators. At present, possibilities to target EMT are discussed but the results of clinical translation are still limited. In prostate cancer, many cellular events are regulated by androgenic hormones. Different experimental results on androgenic stimulation or inhibition of EMT have been reported in the literature. Thus, a possibility that androgen ablation therapy leads to EMT thus facilitating tumor progression has to be discussed. Novel therapy agents, such as the anti-diabetic drug metformin or selective estrogen receptor modulator ormeloxifene were used in pre-clinical studies to inhibit EMT in prostate cancer. Taken together, the results of pre-clinical and clinical studies in breast cancer may be helpful in the process of drug development and identify potential risk during the early stage of that process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoran Culig
- Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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71
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Badarni M, Prasad M, Balaban N, Zorea J, Yegodayev KM, Joshua BZ, Dinur AB, Grénman R, Rotblat B, Cohen L, Elkabets M. Repression of AXL expression by AP-1/JNK blockage overcomes resistance to PI3Ka therapy. JCI Insight 2019; 5:125341. [PMID: 30860495 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.125341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AXL overexpression is a common resistance mechanism to anti-cancer therapies, including the resistance to BYL719 (Alpelisib) - the p110α isoform specific inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) - in esophagus and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC, HNSCC respectively). However, the mechanisms underlying AXL overexpression in resistance to BYL719 remain elusive. Here we demonstrated that the AP-1 transcription factors, c-JUN and c-FOS, regulate AXL overexpression in HNSCC and ESCC. The expression of AXL was correlated with that of c-JUN both in HNSCC patients and in HNSCC and ESCC cell lines. Silencing of c-JUN and c-FOS expression in tumor cells downregulated AXL expression and enhanced the sensitivity of human papilloma virus positive (HPVPos) and negative (HPVNeg) tumor cells to BYL719 in vitro. Blocking of the c-JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK) using SP600125 in combination with BYL719 showed a synergistic anti-proliferative effect in vitro, which was accompanied by AXL downregulation and potent inhibition of the mTOR pathway. In vivo, the BYL719-SP600125 drug combination led to the arrest of tumor growth in cell line-derived and patient-derived xenograft models, and in syngeneic head and neck murine cancer models. Collectively, our data suggests that JNK inhibition in combination with anti-PI3K therapy is a new therapeutic strategy that should be tested in HPVPos and HPVNeg HNSCC and ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Badarni
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, and.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Manu Prasad
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, and.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Noa Balaban
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, and.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Jonathan Zorea
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, and.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ksenia M Yegodayev
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, and.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ben-Zion Joshua
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Anat Bahat Dinur
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Reidar Grénman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Turku University and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Barak Rotblat
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, and.,The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Limor Cohen
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, and.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Moshe Elkabets
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, and.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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72
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The Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Initiated by Malignant Ascites Underlies the Transmesothelial Invasion of Ovarian Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20010137. [PMID: 30609691 PMCID: PMC6337462 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in ovarian cancer cell progression is unquestioned. In this report, we describe that malignant ascites, fluid that accumulates in the peritoneal cavity in a large group of patients with ovarian cancer, stimulate EMT in two representative ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780, SKOV-3). In addition, we identify the ascites-derived mediators of EMT and signaling pathways initiated in the cancer cells that underlie this phenomenon. Finally, we demonstrate that EMT induced in the cancer cells in response to the malignant ascites contributes to their increased transmesothelial invasion. Altogether, our study provides new insight into the mechanistic aspects of the malignant ascites-dependent exacerbation of the intraperitoneal progression of ovarian cancer.
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73
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Tsubakihara Y, Moustakas A. Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Metastasis under the Control of Transforming Growth Factor β. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113672. [PMID: 30463358 PMCID: PMC6274739 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis of tumor cells from primary sites of malignancy to neighboring stromal tissue or distant localities entails in several instances, but not in every case, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT weakens the strong adhesion forces between differentiated epithelial cells so that carcinoma cells can achieve solitary or collective motility, which makes the EMT an intuitive mechanism for the initiation of tumor metastasis. EMT initiates after primary oncogenic events lead to secondary secretion of cytokines. The interaction between tumor-secreted cytokines and oncogenic stimuli facilitates EMT progression. A classic case of this mechanism is the cooperation between oncogenic Ras and the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ). The power of TGFβ to mediate EMT during metastasis depends on versatile signaling crosstalk and on the regulation of successive waves of expression of many other cytokines and the progressive remodeling of the extracellular matrix that facilitates motility through basement membranes. Since metastasis involves many organs in the body, whereas EMT affects carcinoma cell differentiation locally, it has frequently been debated whether EMT truly contributes to metastasis. Despite controversies, studies of circulating tumor cells, studies of acquired chemoresistance by metastatic cells, and several (but not all) metastatic animal models, support a link between EMT and metastasis, with TGFβ, often being a common denominator in this link. This article aims at discussing mechanistic cases where TGFβ signaling and EMT facilitate tumor cell dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Tsubakihara
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 582, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Box 595, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Aristidis Moustakas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 582, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Box 595, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.
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74
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Zhang Y, Li J, Jia S, Wang Y, Kang Y, Zhang W. Down-regulation of lncRNA-ATB inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition of breast cancer cells by increasing miR-141-3p expression. Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 97:193-200. [PMID: 30352165 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2018-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA activated by transforming growth factor-beta (lnc-ATB) is abnormally expressed in a number of tumor types. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of lnc-ATB and miR-141-3p, and to determine whether lnc-ATB can regulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by miR-141-3p in breast cancer. Here, we found that lnc-ATB was highly expressed, whereas there was low expression of miR-141-3p in breast cancer tissues and cells. Knockdown of lnc-ATB in two breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and BT549) significantly increased miR-141-3p expression. Down-regulation of lnc-ATB resulted in a morphological change of breast cancer cells from spindle-like to a round shape, and in a remarkable inhibition of cell migration and invasion, which were reversed by miR-141-3p inhibitor. Furthermore, we demonstrated that lnc-ATB knockdown decreased ZEB1, ZEB2, N-cadherin, and vimentin expression, and promoted E-cadherin expression, while miR-141-3p inhibitor could reverse those effects. Moreover, we proved that miR-141-3p directly bound to the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of ZEB1 and ZEB2 and negatively regulated ZEB1 and ZEB2 expression. Taken together, our results show that knockdown of lnc-ATB significantly inhibits the EMT process of breast cancer cells by increasing the expression of miR-141-3p, indicating that lnc-ATB might serve as a novel therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- a Department of the 7th General Surgery and 1st Breast Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyi Li
- a Department of the 7th General Surgery and 1st Breast Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Jia
- a Department of the 7th General Surgery and 1st Breast Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yitong Wang
- a Department of the 7th General Surgery and 1st Breast Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Kang
- b Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhai Zhang
- a Department of the 7th General Surgery and 1st Breast Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, People's Republic of China
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75
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Voutsadakis IA. HER2 in stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity of breast cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2018; 21:539-555. [PMID: 30306401 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-018-1961-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer had been the first non-hematologic malignancy where sub-types based on molecular characterization had entered clinical practice. HER2 over-expression, due to either gene amplification or protein up-regulation, defines one of these sub-types and is clinically exploited by addition of HER2-targeted treatments to the regimens of treatment. Nevertheless, in many occasions HER2-positive cancers are resistant or become refractory to these therapies. Several mechanisms, such as activation of alternative pathways or loss of expression of the receptor in cancer cells, have been proposed as the cause of these therapeutic failures. Cancer stem cells (CSCs, alternatively called tumor-initiating cells) comprise a small percentage of the tumor cells, but are capable of reconstituting and propagating tumors due to their superior intrinsic capacity for regeneration, survival and resistance to therapies. CSCs possess circuits enabling epigenetic plasticity which endow them with the ability to alternate between epithelial and mesenchymal states. This paper will discuss the expression and regulation of HER2 in CSCs of the different sub-types of breast cancer and relationships of the receptor with both the circuits of stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity. Therapeutic repercussions of the relationship of HER2-initiated signaling with stemness networks will also be proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A Voutsadakis
- Algoma District Cancer Program, Sault Area Hospital, 750 Great Northern Road, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, P6B 0A8, Canada. .,Section of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON, Canada.
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76
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Ibrahim SAEF, Abudu A, Johnson E, Aftab N, Conrad S, Fluck M. The role of AP-1 in self-sufficient proliferation and migration of cancer cells and its potential impact on an autocrine/paracrine loop. Oncotarget 2018; 9:34259-34278. [PMID: 30344941 PMCID: PMC6188139 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Activating protein-1 (AP-1) family members, especially Fra-1 and c-Jun, are highly expressed in invasive cancers and can mediate enhanced migration and proliferation. The aim of this study was to explore the significance of elevated levels of AP-1 family members under conditions that restrict growth. We observed that invasive MDA-MB-231 cells express high levels of Fra-1, c-Jun, and Jun-D during serum starvation and throughout the cell cycle compared to non-tumorigenic and non-invasive cell lines. We then analyzed Fra-1 levels in additional breast and other cancer cell lines. We found breast and lung cancer cells with higher levels of Fra-1 during serum starvation had relatively higher ability to proliferate and migrate under these conditions. Utilizing a dominant negative construct of AP-1, we demonstrated that proliferation and migration of MDA-MB-231 in the absence of serum requires AP-1 activity. Finally, we observed that MDA-MB-231 cells secrete factors(s) that induce Fra-1 expression and migration in non-tumorigenic and non-metastatic cells and that both the expression of and response to these factors require AP-1 activity. These results suggest the presence of an autocrine/paracrine loop that maintains high Fra-1 levels in aggressive cancer cells, enhancing their proliferative and metastatic ability and affecting neighbors to alter the tumor environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif Abd El-Fattah Ibrahim
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Aierken Abudu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Eugenia Johnson
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Neelum Aftab
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Susan Conrad
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Michele Fluck
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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77
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Vincent-Mistiaen Z, Elbediwy A, Vanyai H, Cotton J, Stamp G, Nye E, Spencer-Dene B, Thomas GJ, Mao J, Thompson B. YAP drives cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma formation and progression. eLife 2018; 7:e33304. [PMID: 30231971 PMCID: PMC6147738 DOI: 10.7554/elife.33304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) can progress to malignant metastatic cancer, including an aggressive subtype known as spindle cell carcinoma (spSCC). spSCC formation involves epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), yet the molecular basis of this event remains unknown. The transcriptional co-activator YAP undergoes recurrent amplification in human SCC and overexpression of YAP drives SCC formation in mice. Here, we show that human spSCC tumours also feature strong nuclear localisation of YAP and overexpression of activated YAP (NLS-YAP-5SA) with Keratin-5 (K5-CreERt) is sufficient to induce rapid formation of both SCC and spSCC in mice. spSCC tumours arise at sites of epithelial scratch wounding, where tumour-initiating epithelial cells undergo EMT to generate spSCC. Expression of the EMT transcription factor ZEB1 arises upon wounding and is a defining characteristic of spSCC in mice and humans. Thus, the wound healing response synergises with YAP to drive metaplastic transformation of SCC to spSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jennifer Cotton
- University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterUnited States
| | | | - Emma Nye
- The Francis Crick InstituteLondonUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Gareth J Thomas
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUnited Kingdom
| | - Junhao Mao
- University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterUnited States
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78
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Differentiation-state plasticity is a targetable resistance mechanism in basal-like breast cancer. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3815. [PMID: 30232459 PMCID: PMC6145927 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05729-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Intratumoral heterogeneity in cancers arises from genomic instability and epigenomic plasticity and is associated with resistance to cytotoxic and targeted therapies. We show here that cell-state heterogeneity, defined by differentiation-state marker expression, is high in triple-negative and basal-like breast cancer subtypes, and that drug tolerant persister (DTP) cell populations with altered marker expression emerge during treatment with a wide range of pathway-targeted therapeutic compounds. We show that MEK and PI3K/mTOR inhibitor-driven DTP states arise through distinct cell-state transitions rather than by Darwinian selection of preexisting subpopulations, and that these transitions involve dynamic remodeling of open chromatin architecture. Increased activity of many chromatin modifier enzymes, including BRD4, is observed in DTP cells. Co-treatment with the PI3K/mTOR inhibitor BEZ235 and the BET inhibitor JQ1 prevents changes to the open chromatin architecture, inhibits the acquisition of a DTP state, and results in robust cell death in vitro and xenograft regression in vivo. Resistance to therapy can be driven by intratumoral heterogeneity. Here, the authors show that drug tolerant persistent cell populations emerge during treatment, and these emergent populations arise through epigenetically mediated cell state transitions rather than sub population selection.
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79
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Antony J, Zanini E, Kelly Z, Tan TZ, Karali E, Alomary M, Jung Y, Nixon K, Cunnea P, Fotopoulou C, Paterson A, Roy-Nawathe S, Mills GB, Huang RYJ, Thiery JP, Gabra H, Recchi C. The tumour suppressor OPCML promotes AXL inactivation by the phosphatase PTPRG in ovarian cancer. EMBO Rep 2018; 19:embr.201745670. [PMID: 29907679 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201745670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In ovarian cancer, the prometastatic RTK AXL promotes motility, invasion and poor prognosis. Here, we show that reduced survival caused by AXL overexpression can be mitigated by the expression of the GPI-anchored tumour suppressor OPCML Further, we demonstrate that AXL directly interacts with OPCML, preferentially so when AXL is activated by its ligand Gas6. As a consequence, AXL accumulates in cholesterol-rich lipid domains, where OPCML resides. Here, phospho-AXL is brought in proximity to the lipid domain-restricted phosphatase PTPRG, which de-phosphorylates the RTK/ligand complex. This prevents AXL-mediated transactivation of other RTKs (cMET and EGFR), thereby inhibiting sustained phospho-ERK signalling, induction of the EMT transcription factor Slug, cell migration and invasion. From a translational perspective, we show that OPCML enhances the effect of the phase II AXL inhibitor R428 in vitro and in vivo We therefore identify a novel mechanism by which two spatially restricted tumour suppressors, OPCML and PTPRG, coordinate to repress AXL-dependent oncogenic signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Antony
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Elisa Zanini
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Zoe Kelly
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Tuan Zea Tan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Evdoxia Karali
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mohammad Alomary
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Youngrock Jung
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Katherine Nixon
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paula Cunnea
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Christina Fotopoulou
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew Paterson
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sushmita Roy-Nawathe
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Division of Basic Science Research, Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ruby Yun-Ju Huang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jean Paul Thiery
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hani Gabra
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK .,Early Clinical Development, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Chiara Recchi
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
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80
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Chen X, Zhao M, Huang J, Li Y, Wang S, Harrington CA, Qian DZ, Sun XX, Dai MS. microRNA-130a suppresses breast cancer cell migration and invasion by targeting FOSL1 and upregulating ZO-1. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:4945-4956. [PMID: 29384218 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
FOSL1 is frequently overexpressed in multiple types of human cancers including invasive breast cancers and implicated in cancer invasion and metastasis. However, how FOSL1 is overexpressed in cancers remains to be elucidated. Several microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to target FOSL1 and are downregulated in human cancers. Here, we report that miR-130a is a novel FOSL1 targeting miRNA. Using gene expression microarray analysis, we found that FOSL1 is among the most up-regulated genes in cells transfected with miR-130a inhibitors. Transient transfection-immunoblot, RNA-immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assays revealed that miR-130a directly targets FOSL1 mRNA at its 3'-UTR. Overexpression of miR-130a significantly reduced the levels of FOSL1 in invasive breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T cell lines and suppresses their migration and invasion. This inhibition can be rescued by ectopic expression of miR-130a-resistant FOSL1. Interestingly, we show that overexpression of miR-130a increased the levels of tight-junction protein ZO-1 while inhibition of miR-130a reduced the levels of ZO-1. We further show that miR-130a expression is significantly reduced in cancer tissues from triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients, correlating significantly with the upregulation of FOSL1 expression, compared to non-TNBC tissues. Together, our results reveal that miR-130a directly targets FOSL1 and suppresses the inhibition of ZO-1, thus inhibiting cancer cell migration and invasion, in TNBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Chen
- Departments of Molecular and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oergon
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Pathology, the Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Pathology, the Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuhuang Li
- Departments of Molecular and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oergon
| | - Shunqing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Christina A Harrington
- Departments of Molecular and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oergon
- OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oergon
- Integrated Genomics Laboratory, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oergon
| | - David Z Qian
- OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oergon
| | - Xiao-Xin Sun
- Departments of Molecular and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oergon
- OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oergon
| | - Mu-Shui Dai
- Departments of Molecular and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oergon
- OHSU Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oergon
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81
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Schmidt EM, Lamprecht S, Blaj C, Schaaf C, Krebs S, Blum H, Hermeking H, Jung A, Kirchner T, Horst D. Targeting tumor cell plasticity by combined inhibition of NOTCH and MAPK signaling in colon cancer. J Exp Med 2018; 215:1693-1708. [PMID: 29769248 PMCID: PMC5987917 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20171455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Schmidt et al. propose a new concept for colon cancer therapy that advocates specific and simultaneous targeting of different tumor cell subpopulations with high NOTCH- and MAPK-signaling pathway activity. This overcomes treatment resistance by tumor cell plasticity and strongly improves therapy response. In colorectal cancer, signaling pathways driving tumor progression are promising targets for systemic therapy. Besides WNT and MAPK signaling, activation of NOTCH signaling is found in most tumors. Here, we demonstrate that high NOTCH activity marks a distinct colon cancer cell subpopulation with low levels of WNT and MAPK activity and with a pronounced epithelial phenotype. Therapeutic targeting of MAPK signaling had limited effects on tumor growth and caused expansion of tumor cells with high NOTCH activity, whereas upon targeting NOTCH signaling, tumor cells with high MAPK activity prevailed. Lineage-tracing experiments indicated high plasticity between both tumor cell subpopulations as a mechanism for treatment resistance. Combined targeting of NOTCH and MAPK had superior therapeutic effects on colon cancer growth in vivo. These data demonstrate that tumor cells may evade systemic therapy through tumor cell plasticity and provide a new rationale for simultaneous targeting of different colon cancer cell subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Marina Schmidt
- Pathologisches Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lamprecht
- Pathologisches Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Cristina Blaj
- Pathologisches Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Schaaf
- Pathologisches Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Krebs
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Blum
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Heiko Hermeking
- Pathologisches Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Jung
- Pathologisches Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kirchner
- Pathologisches Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Horst
- Pathologisches Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Institut für Pathologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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82
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Sun X, Zhang T, Deng Q, Zhou Q, Sun X, Li E, Yu D, Zhong C. Benzidine Induces Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Human Bladder Cancer Cells through Activation of ERK5 Pathway. Mol Cells 2018; 41:188-197. [PMID: 29463068 PMCID: PMC5881092 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.2113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzidine, a known carcinogen, is closely associated with the development of bladder cancer (BC). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical pathophysiological process in BC progression. The underlying molecular mechanisms of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, especially extracellular regulated protein kinases 5 (ERK5), in regulating benzidine-induced EMT remains unclarified. Hence, two human bladder cell lines, T24 and EJ, were utilized in our study. Briefly, cell migration was assessed by wound healing assay, and cell invasion was determined by Transwell assay. Quantitative PCR and western blot were utilized to determine both gene expressions as well as protein levels of EMT and MAPK, respectively. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was transfected to further determine ERK5 function. As a result, the migration and invasion abilities were enhanced, epithelial marker expression was decreased while mesenchymal marker expression was increased in human BC cell lines. Meanwhile, benzidine administration led to activation of ERK5 and activator protein 1 (AP-1) proteins, without effective stimulation of the Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) or p38 pathways. Moreover, Benzidine-induced EMT and ERK5 activation were completely suppressed by XMD8-92 and siRNAs specific to ERK5. Of note, ERK1/2 was activated in benzidine-treated T24 cells, while benzidine-induced EMT could not be reversed by U0126, an ERK1/2 inhibitor, as indicated by further study. Collectively, our findings revealed that ERK5-mediated EMT was critically involved in benzidine-correlated BC progression, indicating the therapeutic significance of ERK5 in benzidine-related BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Sun
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032,
PR China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032,
PR China
| | - Qifei Deng
- Second Department of Urology, Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230032,
PR China
| | - Qirui Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032,
PR China
| | - Xianchao Sun
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032,
PR China
| | - Enlai Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032,
PR China
| | - Dexin Yu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032,
PR China
| | - Caiyun Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166,
PR China
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83
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Ibrahim Abd El-fattah S, Abudu A, Jonhson E, Aftab N, Fluck M. The role of AP-1 in self-sufficient proliferation and migration of cancer cells and its potential impact on an autocrine/paracrine loop.. [DOI: 10.1101/271536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACTThe activating protein-1 (AP-1) family members are highly expressed in invasive cancers, but the consequences of this are not completely understood. The aim of this study was to explore the significance of elevated levels of AP-1 family members under conditions that restrict growth. We observed that invasive MDA-MB-231 cells express high levels of Fra-1, c-Jun and, Jun-D during serum starvation and throughout the cell cycle compared to non-tumorigenic and non-invasive cell lines. We then analyzed Fra-1 levels in additional breast and other cancer cell lines. We found a correlation between the high levels of Fra-1 during serum starvation and the ability of the cells to proliferate and migrate under these conditions. Utilizing a dominant negative construct of AP-1, we demonstrated that proliferation and migration of MDA-MB-231 in the absence of serum requires AP-1 activity. Finally, we observed that MDA-MB-231 cells secrete factors(s) that induce Fra-1 expression and migration in non-tumorigenic and non-metastatic cells and that both the expression of and response to these factors require AP-1 activity. These results suggest the presence of an autocrine/paracrine loop that maintains high Fra-1 levels in aggressive cancer cells, enhancing their proliferative and metastatic ability and affecting neighbors to alter the tumor environment.
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84
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Li S, Zhang HY, Du ZX, Li C, An MX, Zong ZH, Liu BQ, Wang HQ. Induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by Beclin 1 knockdown via posttranscriptional upregulation of ZEB1 in thyroid cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:70364-70377. [PMID: 27683118 PMCID: PMC5342558 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Beclin 1 has emerged as a haploinsufficient tumor suppression gene in a variety of human carcinomas. In order to clarify the role of Beclin 1 in thyroid cancer, Beclin 1 was knockdown in thyroid cancer cell lines. The current study demonstrated that knockdown of Beclin 1 resulted in morphological and molecular changes of thyroid cancer cells consistent with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a morphogenetic procedure during which cells lose their epithelial characteristics and acquire mesenchymal properties concomitantly with gene expression reprogramming. In addition, the current study presented evidence demonstrating that Beclin 1 knockdown triggered this prometastatic process via stabilization of the EMT inducer ZEB1 mRNA through upregulation of AU-binding factor 1 (AUF1), which is recruited to the 3′-untranslated region (UTR) of the ZEB1 mRNA and decreases its degradation. We also found a negative correlation of Beclin 1 with AUF1 or ZEB1 in thyroid cancer tissues. These results indicated that at least some tumor suppressor functions of Beclin 1 were mediated through posttranscriptional regulation of ZEB1 via AUF1 in thyroid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Hai-Yan Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, the 1st Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Zhen-Xian Du
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the 1st Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Ming-Xin An
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Zong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Bao-Qin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Hua-Qin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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85
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Annis MG, Ouellet V, Rennhack JP, L'Esperance S, Rancourt C, Mes-Masson AM, Andrechek ER, Siegel PM. Integrin-uPAR signaling leads to FRA-1 phosphorylation and enhanced breast cancer invasion. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:9. [PMID: 29382358 PMCID: PMC5791353 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-0936-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Fos-related antigen 1 (FRA-1) transcription factor promotes tumor cell growth, invasion and metastasis. Phosphorylation of FRA-1 increases protein stability and function. We identify a novel signaling axis that leads to increased phosphorylation of FRA-1, increased extracellular matrix (ECM)-induced breast cancer cell invasion and is prognostic of poor outcome in patients with breast cancer. Methods While characterizing five breast cancer cell lines derived from primary human breast tumors, we identified BRC-31 as a novel basal-like cell model that expresses elevated FRA-1 levels. We interrogated the functional contribution of FRA-1 and an upstream signaling axis in breast cancer cell invasion. We extended this analysis to determine the prognostic significance of this signaling axis in samples derived from patients with breast cancer. Results BRC-31 cells display elevated focal adhesion kinase (FAK), SRC and extracellular signal-regulated (ERK2) phosphorylation relative to luminal breast cancer models. Inhibition of this signaling axis, with pharmacological inhibitors, reduces the phosphorylation and stabilization of FRA-1. Elevated integrin αVβ3 and uPAR expression in these cells suggested that integrin receptors might activate this FAK-SRC-ERK2 signaling. Transient knockdown of urokinase/plasminogen activator urokinase receptor (uPAR) in basal-like breast cancer cells grown on vitronectin reduces FRA-1 phosphorylation and stabilization; and uPAR and FRA-1 are required for vitronectin-induced cell invasion. In clinical samples, a molecular component signature consisting of vitronectin-uPAR-uPA-FRA-1 predicts poor overall survival in patients with breast cancer and correlates with an FRA-1 transcriptional signature. Conclusions We have identified a novel signaling axis that leads to phosphorylation and enhanced activity of FRA-1, a transcription factor that is emerging as an important modulator of breast cancer progression and metastasis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13058-018-0936-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Annis
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Departments of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Veronique Ouellet
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jonathan P Rennhack
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Sylvain L'Esperance
- Département de Microbiologie et Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Claudine Rancourt
- Département de Microbiologie et Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Institut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Eran R Andrechek
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Peter M Siegel
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada. .,Departments of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada. .,Departments of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada. .,Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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86
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Schwab A, Siddiqui A, Vazakidou ME, Napoli F, Böttcher M, Menchicchi B, Raza U, Saatci Ö, Krebs AM, Ferrazzi F, Rapa I, Dettmer-Wilde K, Waldner MJ, Ekici AB, Rasheed SAK, Mougiakakos D, Oefner PJ, Sahin O, Volante M, Greten FR, Brabletz T, Ceppi P. Polyol Pathway Links Glucose Metabolism to the Aggressiveness of Cancer Cells. Cancer Res 2018; 78:1604-1618. [PMID: 29343522 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-2834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells alter their metabolism to support their malignant properties. In this study, we report that the glucose-transforming polyol pathway (PP) gene aldo-keto-reductase-1-member-B1 (AKR1B1) strongly correlates with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This association was confirmed in samples from lung cancer patients and from an EMT-driven colon cancer mouse model with p53 deletion. In vitro, mesenchymal-like cancer cells showed increased AKR1B1 levels, and AKR1B1 knockdown was sufficient to revert EMT. An equivalent level of EMT suppression was measured by targeting the downstream enzyme sorbitol-dehydrogenase (SORD), further pointing at the involvement of the PP. Comparative RNA sequencing confirmed a profound alteration of EMT in PP-deficient cells, revealing a strong repression of TGFβ signature genes. Excess glucose was found to promote EMT through autocrine TGFβ stimulation, while PP-deficient cells were refractory to glucose-induced EMT. These data show that PP represents a molecular link between glucose metabolism, cancer differentiation, and aggressiveness, and may serve as a novel therapeutic target.Significance: A glucose-transforming pathway in TGFβ-driven epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition provides novel mechanistic insights into the metabolic control of cancer differentiation. Cancer Res; 78(7); 1604-18. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Schwab
- Junior Research Group 1, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aarif Siddiqui
- Junior Research Group 1, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maria Eleni Vazakidou
- Junior Research Group 1, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Francesca Napoli
- Junior Research Group 1, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Böttcher
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bianca Menchicchi
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Umar Raza
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özge Saatci
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Angela M Krebs
- Experimental Medicine I, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fulvia Ferrazzi
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ida Rapa
- Pathology Unit, San Luigi Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Katja Dettmer-Wilde
- Institute of Functional Genomics University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Arif B Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Dimitrios Mougiakakos
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter J Oefner
- Institute of Functional Genomics University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ozgur Sahin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Marco Volante
- Pathology Unit, San Luigi Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Florian R Greten
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Brabletz
- Experimental Medicine I, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Paolo Ceppi
- Junior Research Group 1, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
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87
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Franco HL, Nagari A, Malladi VS, Li W, Xi Y, Richardson D, Allton KL, Tanaka K, Li J, Murakami S, Keyomarsi K, Bedford MT, Shi X, Li W, Barton MC, Dent SYR, Kraus WL. Enhancer transcription reveals subtype-specific gene expression programs controlling breast cancer pathogenesis. Genome Res 2017; 28:159-170. [PMID: 29273624 PMCID: PMC5793780 DOI: 10.1101/gr.226019.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Noncoding transcription is a defining feature of active enhancers, linking transcription factor (TF) binding to the molecular mechanisms controlling gene expression. To determine the relationship between enhancer activity and biological outcomes in breast cancers, we profiled the transcriptomes (using GRO-seq and RNA-seq) and epigenomes (using ChIP-seq) of 11 different human breast cancer cell lines representing five major molecular subtypes of breast cancer, as well as two immortalized (“normal”) human breast cell lines. In addition, we developed a robust and unbiased computational pipeline that simultaneously identifies putative subtype-specific enhancers and their cognate TFs by integrating the magnitude of enhancer transcription, TF mRNA expression levels, TF motif P-values, and enrichment of H3K4me1 and H3K27ac. When applied across the 13 different cell lines noted above, the Total Functional Score of Enhancer Elements (TFSEE) identified key breast cancer subtype-specific TFs that act at transcribed enhancers to dictate gene expression patterns determining growth outcomes, including Forkhead TFs, FOSL1, and PLAG1. FOSL1, a Fos family TF, (1) is highly enriched at the enhancers of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells, (2) acts as a key regulator of the proliferation and viability of TNBC cells, but not Luminal A cells, and (3) is associated with a poor prognosis in TNBC breast cancer patients. Taken together, our results validate our enhancer identification pipeline and reveal that enhancers transcribed in breast cancer cells direct critical gene regulatory networks that promote pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector L Franco
- Laboratory of Signaling and Gene Regulation, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences and Division of Basic Reproductive Biology Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Anusha Nagari
- Laboratory of Signaling and Gene Regulation, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences and Division of Basic Reproductive Biology Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Venkat S Malladi
- Laboratory of Signaling and Gene Regulation, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences and Division of Basic Reproductive Biology Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Wenqian Li
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis and The Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas 78957, USA
| | - Yuanxin Xi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Division of Biostatistics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Dana Richardson
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Kendra L Allton
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and The Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Kaori Tanaka
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and The Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and The Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Shino Murakami
- Laboratory of Signaling and Gene Regulation, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences and Division of Basic Reproductive Biology Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Khandan Keyomarsi
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Mark T Bedford
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis and The Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas 78957, USA
| | - Xiaobing Shi
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and The Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Division of Biostatistics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Michelle C Barton
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and The Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Sharon Y R Dent
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis and The Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas 78957, USA
| | - W Lee Kraus
- Laboratory of Signaling and Gene Regulation, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences and Division of Basic Reproductive Biology Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
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88
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Gillies TE, Pargett M, Minguet M, Davies AE, Albeck JG. Linear Integration of ERK Activity Predominates over Persistence Detection in Fra-1 Regulation. Cell Syst 2017; 5:549-563.e5. [PMID: 29199017 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2017.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
ERK signaling regulates the expression of target genes, but it is unclear how ERK activity dynamics are interpreted. Here, we investigate this question using simultaneous, live, single-cell imaging of two ERK activity reporters and expression of Fra-1, a target gene controlling epithelial cell identity. We find that Fra-1 is expressed in proportion to the amplitude and duration of ERK activity. In contrast to previous "persistence detector" and "selective filter" models in which Fra-1 expression only occurs when ERK activity persists beyond a threshold duration, our observations demonstrate that the network regulating Fra-1 expression integrates total ERK activity and responds to it linearly. However, exploration of a generalized mathematical model of the Fra-1 coherent feedforward loop demonstrates that it can perform either linear integration or persistence detection, depending on the basal mRNA production rate and protein production delays. Our data indicate that significant basal expression and short delays cause Fra-1 to respond linearly to integrated ERK activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taryn E Gillies
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Michael Pargett
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Marta Minguet
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Alex E Davies
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - John G Albeck
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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89
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Mishra DK, Kim MP. SR 11302, an AP-1 Inhibitor, Reduces Metastatic Lesion Formation in Ex Vivo 4D Lung Cancer Model. CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT 2017; 10:95-103. [PMID: 29177791 PMCID: PMC5750205 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-017-0202-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Activator protein (AP) -1 is a transcription factor, plays important role in cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. Analysis of tumor cells grown on ex vivo 4D lung cancer model shows increase in components of AP-1, c-Fos and c-Jun in circulating tumor cells (CTC) compared to primary tumor. Our aim was to determine whether the AP-1 inhibitor SR11302 reduces metastatic lesion formation in the 4D model. Human lung cancer cell lines A549, H1299, and H460 were grown in the 4D model and treated with SR11302 (1 μM). We compared the number of cells in the metastatic site upon SR11302 treatment and number of viable CTCs isolated from the 4D model with parental cells treated/untreated with SR11302 on a petri dish. There were significantly fewer tumor cells per high-power field on metastatic site in 4D model seeded with H460 (p = 0.009), A549 (p = 0.01), or H1299 (p = 0.02) cells treated with SR11302. Furthermore, the CTCs from SR11302 treated 4D models, seeded with H460 (p = 0.04), A549 (p = 0.008), or H1299 (p = 0.01) cells had significantly fewer viable tumor cells after 4 days in culture than the respective untreated control. However, the SR11302 had no impact on the viability of parental H460 (p = 0.87), A549 (p = 0.93), or H1299 (p = 0.25) cells grown on a petri dish (2D). SR11302 reduces metastatic lesion formation in the ex vivo 4D lung cancer model due to the presence of an independent yet common pathway among three cell lines. The ex vivo 4D model may provide a tool to better understand the complex process of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruva Kumar Mishra
- Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Min P Kim
- Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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90
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Lee YZ, Yap HM, Shaari K, Tham CL, Sulaiman MR, Israf DA. Blockade of Eosinophil-Induced Bronchial Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition with a Geranyl Acetophenone in a Coculture Model. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:837. [PMID: 29201006 PMCID: PMC5696322 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is currently recognized as the main cellular event that contributes to airway remodeling. Eosinophils can induce EMT in airway epithelial cells via increased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β production. We assessed the effect of synthetic 2,4,6-trihydroxy-3-geranyl acetophenone (tHGA) upon eosinophil-induced EMT in a cellular model. The human eosinophil cell line EoL-1 was used to induce EMT in BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cells. The induction of EMT was dose-dependently suppressed following tHGA treatment in which the epithelial morphology and E-cadherin expression were not altered. Protein and mRNA expression of vimentin, collagen I and fibronectin in eosinophil-induced epithelial cells were also significantly suppressed by tHGA treatment. Following pathway analysis, we showed that tHGA suppressed eosinophil-induced activator protein-1-mediated TGF-β production by targeting c-Jun N-terminal kinase and phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling pathways. These findings corroborated previous findings on the ability of tHGA to inhibit experimental murine airway remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Z Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Hui M Yap
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Khozirah Shaari
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Chau L Tham
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Mohd R Sulaiman
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Daud A Israf
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
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91
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Miret N, Rico-Leo E, Pontillo C, Zotta E, Fernández-Salguero P, Randi A. A dioxin-like compound induces hyperplasia and branching morphogenesis in mouse mammary gland, through alterations in TGF-β1 and aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 334:192-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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92
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He SJ, Xiang CQ, Zhang Y, Lu XT, Chen HW, Xiong LX. Recent progress on the effects of microRNAs and natural products on tumor epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:3435-3451. [PMID: 28744148 PMCID: PMC5513877 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s139546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biological process of phenotypic transition of epithelial cells that can promote physiological development as well as tissue healing and repair. In recent years, cancer researchers have noted that EMT is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. When tumor cells undergo EMT, they can develop enhanced migration and local tissue invasion abilities, which can lead to metastatic growth. Nevertheless, two researches in NATURE deny its necessity in specific tumors and that is discussed in this review. The degree of EMT and the detection of EMT-associated marker molecules can also be used to judge the risk of metastasis and to evaluate patients’ prognosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding small RNAs, which can inhibit gene expression and protein translation through specific binding with the 3′ untranslated region of mRNA. In this review, we summarize the miRNAs that are reported to influence EMT through transcription factors such as ZEB, SNAIL, and TWIST, as well as some natural products that regulate EMT in tumors. Moreover, mutual inhibition occurs between some transcription factors and miRNAs, and these effects appear to occur in a complex regulatory network. Thus, understanding the role of miRNAs in EMT and tumor growth may lead to new treatments for malignancies. Natural products can also be combined with conventional chemotherapy to enhance curative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jin He
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University.,Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University
| | - Chu-Qi Xiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University.,First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University
| | - Yu Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University
| | - Xiang-Tong Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University
| | - Hou-Wen Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University.,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathogenesis and Molecular Pathology, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Xia Xiong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University.,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathogenesis and Molecular Pathology, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
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93
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Rattanasinchai C, Llewellyn BJ, Conrad SE, Gallo KA. MLK3 regulates FRA-1 and MMPs to drive invasion and transendothelial migration in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Oncogenesis 2017; 6:e345. [PMID: 28604765 PMCID: PMC5519193 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2017.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mixed-lineage kinase 3 (MLK3), a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K), has critical roles in metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), in part by regulating paxillin phosphorylation and focal adhesion turnover. However the mechanisms and the distinct step(s) of the metastatic processes through which MLK3 exerts its influence are not fully understood. Here we report that in non-metastatic, estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer (ER+ BC) cells, induced MLK3 expression robustly upregulates the oncogenic transcription factor, FOS-related antigen-1 (FRA-1), which is accompanied by elevation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), MMP-1 and MMP-9. MLK3-induced ER+ BC cell invasion is abrogated by FRA-1 silencing, demonstrating that MLK3 drives invasion through FRA-1. Conversely, in metastatic TNBC models, high FRA-1 levels are significantly reduced upon depletion of MLK3 by either gene silencing or by the CRISPR/Cas9n editing approach. Furthermore, ablation of MLK3 or MLK inhibitor treatment decreases expression of both MMP-1 and MMP-9. Consistent with the role of tumor cell-derived MMP-1 in endothelial permeability and transendothelial migration, both of these are reduced in MLK3-depleted TNBC cells. In addition, MLK inhibitor treatment or MLK3 depletion, which downregulates MMP-9 expression, renders TNBC cells defective in Matrigel invasion. Furthermore, circulating tumor cells derived from TNBC-bearing mice display increased levels of FRA-1 and MMP-1 compared with parental cells, supporting a role for the MLK3–FRA-1–MMP-1 signaling axis in vascular intravasation. Our results demonstrating the requirement for MLK3 in controlling the FRA-1/MMPs axis suggest that MLK3 is a promising therapeutic target for treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rattanasinchai
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - B J Llewellyn
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - S E Conrad
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - K A Gallo
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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94
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Zhou P, Li B, Liu F, Zhang M, Wang Q, Liu Y, Yao Y, Li D. The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells: implication for treatment resistance in pancreatic cancer. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:52. [PMID: 28245823 PMCID: PMC5331747 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0624-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanical properties of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and a pancreatic cancer subpopulation with stem cell properties have been increasingly recognized as potent modulators of the effective of therapy. In particular, pancreatic cancer stem cells (PCSCs) are functionally important during tumor relapse and therapy resistance. In this review we have surveyed recent advances in the role of EMT and PCSCs in tumor progression, metastasis and treatment resistance, and the mechanisms of integrated with biochemical signals and the underlying pathways involved in treatment resistance of pancreatic cancer. These findings highlight the importance of confirming stem-cells markers and complex molecular signaling pathways controlling EMT and cancer stem cells in pancreatic cancer during tumor formation, progression, and response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingting Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Bone Tumor Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Furao Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Meichao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanhua Liu
- Department of Chemotherapy, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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95
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Liu Z, Liu J, Zhao L, Geng H, Ma J, Zhang Z, Yu D, Zhong C. Curcumin reverses benzidine-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition via suppression of ERK5/AP-1 in SV-40 immortalized human urothelial cells. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:1321-1329. [PMID: 28259934 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexposure to benzidine has been manifested as an important cause of bladder cancer. However, the molecular mechanism of benzidine-induced malignancy is still insufficiently interpreted. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial pathophysiological process in embryonic development as well as initiation and development of epithelium-originated malignant tumors. The role of extracellular regulated protein kinase 5 (ERK5) in benzidine-meditated bladder cancer development has not been explored. In the present study, we explored the role of ERK5/AP-1 pathway in benzidine-induced EMT in human normal urothelial cells and the intervention effect of curcumin on bezidine-induced EMT. We found that benzidine-induced EMT in SV-40 immortalized human urothelial cells (SV-HUC-1) at low concentrations. We detected that ERK5/AP-1 pathway was notably activated. Specific ERK5 inhibitor, XMD8-92 was applied to determine the role of ERK5 in benzidine-induced EMT. Results indicated that XMD8-92 reversed the EMT process. Furthermore, curcumin effectively attenuated benzidine-induced urocystic EMT by suppressing ERK5/AP-1 pathway. In conclusion, the present study revealed the positive role of ERK5/AP-1 in benzidine-provoked urocystic EMT and the curcumin promising use in bladder cancer prevention and intervention via ERK5/AP-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqi Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Hao Geng
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxing Ma
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Dexin Yu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Caiyun Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
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96
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Blaj C, Schmidt EM, Lamprecht S, Hermeking H, Jung A, Kirchner T, Horst D. Oncogenic Effects of High MAPK Activity in Colorectal Cancer Mark Progenitor Cells and Persist Irrespective of RAS Mutations. Cancer Res 2017; 77:1763-1774. [PMID: 28202525 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-2821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
About 40% of colorectal cancers have mutations in KRAS accompanied by downstream activation of MAPK signaling, which promotes tumor invasion and progression. Here, we report that MAPK signaling shows strong intratumoral heterogeneity and unexpectedly remains regulated in colorectal cancer irrespective of KRAS mutation status. Using primary colorectal cancer tissues, xenograft models, and MAPK reporter constructs, we showed that tumor cells with high MAPK activity resided specifically at the leading tumor edge, ceased to proliferate, underwent epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and expressed markers related to colon cancer stem cells. In KRAS-mutant colon cancer, regulation of MAPK signaling was preserved through remaining wild-type RAS isoforms. Moreover, using a lineage tracing strategy, we provide evidence that high MAPK activity marked a progenitor cell compartment of growth-fueling colon cancer cells in vivo Our results imply that differential MAPK signaling balances EMT, cancer stem cell potential, and tumor growth in colorectal cancer. Cancer Res; 77(7); 1763-74. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Blaj
- Pathologisches Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Eva Marina Schmidt
- Pathologisches Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lamprecht
- Pathologisches Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Heiko Hermeking
- Pathologisches Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Jung
- Pathologisches Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kirchner
- Pathologisches Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Horst
- Pathologisches Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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97
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Sun X, Deng Q, Liang Z, Liu Z, Geng H, Zhao L, Zhou Q, Liu J, Ma J, Wang D, Yu D, Zhong C. Cigarette smoke extract induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition of human bladder cancer T24 cells through activation of ERK1/2 pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 86:457-465. [PMID: 28012925 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a common genitourinary malignant disease worldwide. Abundant evidence has shown that cigarette smoke (CS) is a crucial risk factor for bladder cancer. Nevertheless, the mechanism underlying the relationship between cigarette smoking and bladder cancer remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effects of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway activation and EMT alterations in human bladder cancer T24 cells, and the preventive effect of extracellular regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) inhibitor U0126 was further examined. Our results illustrated that CSE exposure induced morphological change of human bladder cancer T24 cells, enhanced migratory and invasive capacities, reduced epithelial marker expression and elevated mesenchymal marker expression. Meanwhile, exposure of T24 cells to CSE resulted in activation of ERK1/2 pathway as well as activator protein 1 (AP-1) proteins. Interestingly, treatment with ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 effectively abrogated CSE-triggered EMT and ERK1/2/AP-1 activation. These findings provide novel insight into the molecular mechanisms of CS-associated bladder cancer and may open up new avenues in the search for potential target of bladder cancer intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Sun
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 80 Feicui Rd, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China
| | - Qifei Deng
- Department of Urology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, 39 East Wangjiang Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China
| | - Zhaofeng Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Zhiqi Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 80 Feicui Rd, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China
| | - Hao Geng
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 80 Feicui Rd, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 80 Feicui Rd, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China
| | - Qirui Zhou
- Anhui International Travel Health Care Center, Anhui Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, 329 Tunxi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, PR China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 80 Feicui Rd, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China
| | - Jiaxing Ma
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 80 Feicui Rd, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China
| | - Daming Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 80 Feicui Rd, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China
| | - Dexin Yu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 80 Feicui Rd, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China.
| | - Caiyun Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 818 East Tianyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, PR China.
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98
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He W, Wu Y, Tang X, Xia Y, He G, Min Z, Li C, Xiong S, Shi Z, Lu Y, Yuan Z. HDAC inhibitors suppress c-Jun/Fra-1-mediated proliferation through transcriptionally downregulating MKK7 and Raf1 in neuroblastoma cells. Oncotarget 2017; 7:6727-47. [PMID: 26734995 PMCID: PMC4872745 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Activator protein 1 (AP-1) is a transcriptional factor composed of the dimeric members of bZIP proteins, which are frequently deregulated in human cancer cells. In this study, we aimed to identify an oncogenic AP-1 dimer critical for the proliferation of neuroblastoma cells and to investigate whether histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs), a new generation of anticancer agents, could target the AP-1 dimer. We report here that HDACIs including trichostatin A, suberoylanilidehydroxamic acid, valproic acid and M344 can transcriptionally suppress both c-Jun and Fra-1, preceding their inhibition of cell growth. c-Jun preferentially interacting with Fra-1 as a heterodimer is responsible for AP-1 activity and critical for cell growth. Mechanistically, HDACIs suppress Fra-1 expression through transcriptionally downregulating Raf1 and subsequently decreasing MEK1/2-ERK1/2 activity. Unexpectedly, HDACI treatment caused MKK7 downregulation at both the protein and mRNA levels. Deletion analysis of the 5′-flanking sequence of the MKK7 gene revealed that a major element responsible for the downregulation by HDACI is located at −149 to −3 relative to the transcriptional start site. Knockdown of MKK7 but not MKK4 remarkably decreased JNK/c-Jun activity and proliferation, whereas ectopic MKK7-JNK1 reversed HDACI-induced c-Jun suppression. Furthermore, suppression of both MKK-7/c-Jun and Raf-1/Fra-1 activities was involved in the tumor growth inhibitory effects induced by SAHA in SH-SY5Y xenograft mice. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that c-Jun/Fra-1 dimer is critical for neuroblastoma cell growth and that HDACIs act as effective suppressors of the two oncogenes through transcriptionally downregulating MKK7 and Raf1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwen He
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanna Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guozhen He
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqun Min
- Clinical Laboratory Center of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiqiu Xiong
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Zhi Shi
- Department of Cell Biology and Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongjian Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongmin Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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99
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Leconet W, Chentouf M, du Manoir S, Chevalier C, Sirvent A, Aït-Arsa I, Busson M, Jarlier M, Radosevic-Robin N, Theillet C, Chalbos D, Pasquet JM, Pèlegrin A, Larbouret C, Robert B. Therapeutic Activity of Anti-AXL Antibody against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patient-Derived Xenografts and Metastasis. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 23:2806-2816. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-1316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Cepeda MA, Pelling JJ, Evered CL, Leong HS, Damjanovski S. The cytoplasmic domain of MT1-MMP is dispensable for migration augmentation but necessary to mediate viability of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Exp Cell Res 2016; 350:169-183. [PMID: 27889376 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Membrane-type-1 Matrix Metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) is a multifunctional protease that regulates ECM degradation, proMMP-2 activation, and varied cellular processes including migration and viability. MT1-MMP is believed to be a central mediator of tumourigenesis whose role is dictated by its functionally distinct protein domains. Both the localization and signal transduction capabilities of MT1-MMP are dependent on its cytoplasmic domain, exemplifying diverse regulatory functions. To further our understanding of the multifunctional contributions of MT1-MMP to cellular processes, we overexpressed cytoplasmic domain altered constructs in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and analyzed migration and viability in 2D culture conditions, morphology in 3D Matrigel culture, and tumorigenic ability in vivo. We found that the cytoplasmic domain was not needed for MT1-MMP mediated migration promotion, but was necessary to maintain viability during serum depravation in 2D culture. Similarly, during 3D Matrigel culture the cytoplasmic domain of MT1-MMP was not needed to initiate a protrusive phenotype, but was necessary to prevent colony blebbing when cells were serum deprived. We also tested in vivo tumorigenic potential to show that cells expressing cytoplasmic domain altered constructs demonstrated a reduced ability to vascularize tumours. These results suggest that the cytoplasmic domain regulates MT1-MMP function in a manner required for cell survival, but is dispensable for cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario A Cepeda
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Jacob Jh Pelling
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Caitlin L Evered
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Hon S Leong
- Department of Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada; Translational Prostate Cancer Research Laboratory, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Sashko Damjanovski
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada; Associate Scientist, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
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