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Wang Y, Zhang J, Yang Y, Liu Q, Xu G, Zhang R, Pang Q. ROS generation and autophagosome accumulation contribute to the DMAMCL-induced inhibition of glioma cell proliferation by regulating the ROS/MAPK signaling pathway and suppressing the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:1867-1880. [PMID: 30881039 PMCID: PMC6413739 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s195329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Chemotherapy after surgery can prolong the survival of patients with gliomas. Dimethylaminomicheliolide (DMAMCL), a novel chemotherapeutic agent, exhibited antitumor properties in acute myeloid leukemia stem cells and showed an increased drug concentration in the brain. This study aims to investigate the specific anticancer activities and mechanisms of DMAMCL in glioma cells. Materials and methods In this study, the effects of DMAMCL were evaluated and characterized in U87-MG and U251 glioma cells. Cell viability was assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8. Apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were assessed by fluorescence microscopy. Autophagosome formation was observed with transmission electron microscopy, and the autophagy flux was measured by transfecting cells with mRFP-GFP-LC3 adenoviral vectors. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses were used to determine the expression of proteins. Results In the present study, treatment with DMAMCL decreased cell viability and induced apoptosis in U87-MG and U251 glioma cells. Additionally, DMAMCL activated autophagy-mediated cell death as evidenced by the formation of autophagosomes, accumulation of LC3B-II, inhibition of autophagy flux, and increase in cell viability after cotreatment with an autophagy inhibitor. Subsequent experiments showed that the DMAMCL-induced apoptosis and autophagy were possibly mediated by ROS generation and Akt/mTOR signaling pathway inhibition. On the other hand, the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine and the Akt activator insulin-like growth factor-1 attenuated the DMAMCL-induced autophagy and cell death. Conclusion Our findings revealed that DMAMCL induced apoptosis and autophagic cell death by regulating the ROS/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway and suppressing the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in human glioma cells. DMAMCL may be a novel effective anticancer agent, which can target gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China, ;
| | - Jiachen Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China, ;
| | - Yihang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China, ;
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University Cheeloo College Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Guangming Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China, ;
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China, ;
| | - Qi Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China, ;
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Younas M, Hano C, Giglioli-Guivarc'h N, Abbasi BH. Mechanistic evaluation of phytochemicals in breast cancer remedy: current understanding and future perspectives. RSC Adv 2018; 8:29714-29744. [PMID: 35547279 PMCID: PMC9085387 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04879g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers around the globe and accounts for a large proportion of fatalities in women. Despite the advancement in therapeutic and diagnostic procedures, breast cancer still represents a major challenge. Current anti-breast cancer approaches include surgical removal, radiotherapy, hormonal therapy and the use of various chemotherapeutic drugs. However, drug resistance, associated serious adverse effects, metastasis and recurrence complications still need to be resolved which demand safe and alternative strategies. In this scenario, phytochemicals have recently gained huge attention due to their safety profile and cost-effectiveness. These phytochemicals modulate various genes, gene products and signalling pathways, thereby inhibiting breast cancer cell proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis and inducing apoptosis. Moreover, they also target breast cancer stem cells and overcome drug resistance problems in breast carcinomas. Phytochemicals as adjuvants with chemotherapeutic drugs have greatly enhanced their therapeutic efficacy. This review focuses on the recently recognized molecular mechanisms underlying breast cancer chemoprevention with the use of phytochemicals such as curcumin, resveratrol, silibinin, genistein, epigallocatechin gallate, secoisolariciresinol, thymoquinone, kaempferol, quercetin, parthenolide, sulforaphane, ginsenosides, naringenin, isoliquiritigenin, luteolin, benzyl isothiocyanate, α-mangostin, 3,3'-diindolylmethane, pterostilbene, vinca alkaloids and apigenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Younas
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad-45320 Pakistan +92-51-90644121 +92-51-90644121 +33-767-97-0619
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Plant Lignans Team, UPRES EA 1207, Université d'Orléans F 28000 Chartres France
| | | | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad-45320 Pakistan +92-51-90644121 +92-51-90644121 +33-767-97-0619
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Plant Lignans Team, UPRES EA 1207, Université d'Orléans F 28000 Chartres France
- EA2106 Biomolecules et Biotechnologies Vegetales, Universite Francois-Rabelais de Tours Tours France
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Morel KL, Ormsby RJ, Solly EL, Tran LNK, Sweeney CJ, Klebe S, Cordes N, Sykes PJ. Chronic low dose ethanol induces an aggressive metastatic phenotype in TRAMP mice, which is counteracted by parthenolide. Clin Exp Metastasis 2018; 35:649-661. [PMID: 29936575 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-018-9915-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in prostate cancer therapy, dissemination and growth of metastases results in shortened survival. Here we examined the potential anti-cancer effect of the NF-κB inhibitor parthenolide (PTL) and its water soluble analogue dimethylaminoparthenolide (DMAPT) on tumour progression and metastasis in the TRansgenic Adenocarcinoma of the Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) model of prostate cancer. Six-week-old male TRAMP mice received PTL (40 mg/kg in 10% ethanol/saline), DMAPT (100 mg/kg in sterile water), or vehicle controls by oral gavage thrice weekly until palpable tumour formation. DMAPT treatment slowed normal tumour development in TRAMP mice, extending the time-to-palpable prostate tumour by 20%. PTL did not slow overall tumour development, while the ethanol/saline vehicle used to administer PTL unexpectedly induced an aggressive metastatic tumour phenotype. Chronic ethanol/saline vehicle upregulated expression of NF-κB, MMP2, integrin β1, collagen IV, and laminin, and induced vascular basement membrane degradation in primary prostate tumours, as well as increased metastatic spread to the lung and liver. All of these changes were largely prevented by co-administration with PTL. DMAPT (in water) reduced metastasis to below that of water-control. These data suggest that DMAPT has the potential to be used as a cancer preventive and anti-metastatic therapy for prostate cancer. Although low levels of ethanol consumption have not been shown to strongly correlate with prostate cancer epidemiology, these results would support a potential effect of chronic low dose ethanol on metastasis and the TRAMP model provides a useful system in which to further explore the mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Morel
- Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University and Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | - Rebecca J Ormsby
- Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University and Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Emma L Solly
- Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University and Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Linh N K Tran
- Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University and Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | - Sonja Klebe
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Flinders University and SA Pathology at Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Nils Cordes
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pamela J Sykes
- Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University and Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Garmpis N, Damaskos C, Garmpi A, Kalampokas E, Kalampokas T, Spartalis E, Daskalopoulou A, Valsami S, Kontos M, Nonni A, Kontzoglou K, Perrea D, Nikiteas N, Dimitroulis D. Histone Deacetylases as New Therapeutic Targets in Triple-negative Breast Cancer: Progress and Promises. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2018; 14:299-313. [PMID: 28870998 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2 gene. It comprises approximately 15-20% of breast cancers (BCs). Unfortunately, TNBC's treatment continues to be a clinical problem because of its relatively poor prognosis, its aggressiveness and the lack of targeted therapies, leaving chemotherapy as the mainstay of treatment. It is essential to find new therapies against TNBC, in order to surpass the resistance and the invasiveness of already existing therapies. Given the fact that epigenetic processes control both the initiation and progression of TNBC, there is an increasing interest in the mechanisms, molecules and signaling pathways that participate at the epigenetic modulation of genes expressed in carcinogenesis. The acetylation of histone proteins provokes the transcription of genes involved in cell growth, and the expression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) is frequently up-regulated in many malignancies. Unfortunately, in the field of BC, HDAC inhibitors have shown limited effect as single agents. Nevertheless, their use in combination with kinase inhibitors, autophagy inhibitors, ionizing radiation, or two HDAC inhibitors together is currently being evaluated. HDAC inhibitors such as suberoylanilidehydroxamic acid (SAHA), sodium butyrate, mocetinostat, panobinostat, entinostat, YCW1 and N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propylpentanamide have shown promising therapeutic outcomes against TNBC, especially when they are used in combination with other anticancer agents. More studies concerning HDAC inhibitors in breast carcinomas along with a more accurate understanding of the TNBC's pathobiology are required for the possible identification of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Garmpis
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Damaskos
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece.,N.S. Christeas Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Garmpi
- Internal Medicine Department, Laiko General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Theodoros Kalampokas
- Assisted Conception Unit, Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aretaieion Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Spartalis
- N.S. Christeas Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Afrodite Daskalopoulou
- N.S. Christeas Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Serena Valsami
- Blood Transfusion Department, Aretaieion Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian Athens University, Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Kontos
- First Department of Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Afroditi Nonni
- First Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kontzoglou
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Despina Perrea
- N.S. Christeas Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Nikiteas
- N.S. Christeas Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Dimitroulis
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
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Routes to cell death in animal and plant kingdoms: from classic apoptosis to alternative ways to die—a review. RENDICONTI LINCEI-SCIENZE FISICHE E NATURALI 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12210-018-0704-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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56
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Deraska PV, O'Leary C, Reavis HD, Labe S, Dinh TK, Lazaro JB, Sweeney C, D'Andrea AD, Kozono D. NF-κB inhibition by dimethylaminoparthenolide radiosensitizes non-small-cell lung carcinoma by blocking DNA double-strand break repair. Cell Death Discov 2018. [PMID: 29531807 PMCID: PMC5841323 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-017-0008-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite optimal chemotherapy, radiotherapy (RT), and/or surgery, non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) remains the leading cause of cancer-related death in the US and worldwide. Thoracic RT, a mainstay in the treatment of locally advanced NSCLC, is often restricted in efficacy by a therapeutic index limited by sensitivity of tissues surrounding the malignancy. Therefore, radiosensitizers that can improve the therapeutic index are a vital unmet need. Inhibition of the NF-κB pathway is a proposed mechanism of radiosensitization. Here we demonstrate that inhibition of the canonical NF-κB pathway by dimethylaminoparthenolide (DMAPT) radiosensitizes NSCLC by blocking DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. NF-κB inhibition results in significant impairment of both homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), as well as reductions in ionizing radiation (IR)-induced DNA repair biomarkers. NF-κB inhibition by DMAPT shows preclinical potential for further investigation as a NSCLC radiosensitizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter V Deraska
- 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Colin O'Leary
- 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Hunter D Reavis
- 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Shelby Labe
- 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Tru-Khang Dinh
- 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Jean-Bernard Lazaro
- 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA.,2Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Christopher Sweeney
- 3Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Alan D D'Andrea
- 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA.,2Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA.,4Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - David Kozono
- 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
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Yao D, Wang P, Zhang J, Fu L, Ouyang L, Wang J. Deconvoluting the relationships between autophagy and metastasis for potential cancer therapy. Apoptosis 2018; 21:683-98. [PMID: 27003389 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-016-1237-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved lysosome-dependent degradation process that may digest some long-lived proteins and damaged organelles. As an essential homeostasis maintaining system in normal cells, autophagy plays a key role in several pathological settings, especially cancer. Metastasis, known as a crucial hallmark of cancer progression, is the primary cause of cancer lethality. The role of autophagy in metastasis is quite complex as supportive evidence has indicated both pro-metastatic and anti-metastatic functions of autophagy. Autophagy can inhibit metastasis by restricting necrosis and mediating autophagic cell death, whereas it may also promote metastasis by enhancing cancer cell fitness in response to stress. Moreover, the function of autophagy is context- and stage-dependent. Specifically, during the early steps of metastasis, autophagy mainly serves as a suppressor, while it plays a pro-metastatic role in the later steps. Here, we focus on highlighting the dual roles of autophagy in metastasis and address the molecular mechanisms involved in this process, which may provide a new insight into cancer biology. While, we also summarize several anti-metastatic agents manipulating autophagy, in the hope of shedding light on exploration of potential novel drugs for future cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Peiqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Leilei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Liang Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Jinhui Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
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The histone deacetylase inhibitor SAHA induces HSP60 nitration and its extracellular release by exosomal vesicles in human lung-derived carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:28849-67. [PMID: 26700624 PMCID: PMC5045361 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
HSP60 undergoes changes in quantity and distribution in some types of tumors suggesting a participation of the chaperonin in the mechanism of transformation and cancer progression. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a member of a family of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), has anti-cancer potential but its interaction, if any, with HSP60 has not been elucidated. We investigated the effects of SAHA in a human lung-derived carcinoma cell line (H292). We analysed cell viability and cycle; oxidative stress markers; mitochondrial integrity; HSP60 protein and mRNA levels; and HSP60 post-translational modifications, and its secretion. We found that SAHA is cytotoxic for H292 cells, interrupting the cycle at the G2/M phase, which is followed by death; cytotoxicity is associated with oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and diminution of intracellular levels of HSP60; HSP60 undergoes a post-translational modification and becomes nitrated; and nitrated HSP60 is exported via exosomes. We propose that SAHA causes ROS overproduction and mitochondrial dysfunction, which leads to HSP60 nitration and release into the intercellular space and circulation to interact with the immune system. These successive steps might constitute the mechanism of the anti-tumor action of SAHA and provide a basis to design supplementary therapeutic strategies targeting HSP60, which would be more efficacious than the compound alone.
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Abstract
Modulation of inflammasomes has tremendous therapeutic potential and is hotly pursued by industry and academia alike. Indeed a growing number of patents are emerging to protect the intellectual property in valuable compound classes. This chapter focusses specifically on the suite of small-molecule NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors published, as specific modulation of other inflammasomes is not yet well established. Synthetic molecules, known drugs and natural product NLRP3 modulators will be detailed. Some of the molecular classes discussed have been extensively characterised through cell-based screening, pharmacokinetic profiling and therapeutic proof of concept animal models. However, many inhibitors lack rigorous studies and/or have multiple activities of which NLRP3 modulation is only one. While this is not intended as an exhaustive list, it should give an impression of the range of structures and strategies that are being used, alongside challenges encountered, in an effort to exploit the significant therapeutic benefits of targeting inflammasomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avril A B Robertson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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Suvarna V, Murahari M, Khan T, Chaubey P, Sangave P. Phytochemicals and PI3K Inhibitors in Cancer-An Insight. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:916. [PMID: 29311925 PMCID: PMC5736021 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In today's world of modern medicine and novel therapies, cancer still remains to be one of the prime contributor to the death of people worldwide. The modern therapies improve condition of cancer patients and are effective in early stages of cancer but the advanced metastasized stage of cancer remains untreatable. Also most of the cancer therapies are expensive and are associated with adverse side effects. Thus, considering the current status of cancer treatment there is scope to search for efficient therapies which are cost-effective and are associated with lesser and milder side effects. Phytochemicals have been utilized for many decades to prevent and cure various ailments and current evidences indicate use of phytochemicals as an effective treatment for cancer. Hyperactivation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling cascades is a common phenomenon in most types of cancers. Thus, natural substances targeting PI3K pathway can be of great therapeutic potential in the treatment of cancer patients. This chapter summarizes the updated research on plant-derived substances targeting PI3K pathway and the current status of their preclinical studies and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasanti Suvarna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Manikanta Murahari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Tabassum Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Pramila Chaubey
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Preeti Sangave
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai, India
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Carlisi D, De Blasio A, Drago-Ferrante R, Di Fiore R, Buttitta G, Morreale M, Scerri C, Vento R, Tesoriere G. Parthenolide prevents resistance of MDA-MB231 cells to doxorubicin and mitoxantrone: the role of Nrf2. Cell Death Discov 2017; 3:17078. [PMID: 29354292 PMCID: PMC5712634 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2017.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer is a group of aggressive cancers with poor prognosis owing to chemoresistance, recurrence and metastasis. New strategies are required that could reduce chemoresistance and increases the effectiveness of chemotherapy. The results presented in this paper, showing that parthenolide (PN) prevents drug resistance in MDA-MB231 cells, represent a contribution to one of these possible strategies. MDA-MB231 cells, the most studied line of TNBC cells, were submitted to selection treatment with mitoxantrone (Mitox) and doxorubicin (DOX). The presence of resistant cells was confirmed through the measurement of the resistance index. Cells submitted to this treatment exhibited a remarkable increment of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) level, which was accompanied by upregulation of catalase, MnSOD, HSP70, Bcl-2 and P-glycoprotein. Moreover, as a consequence of overexpression of Nrf2 and correlated proteins, drug-treated cells exhibited a much lower ability than parental cells to generate ROS in response to a suitable stimulation. The addition of PN (2.0 μM) to Mitox and DOX, over the total selection time, prevented both the induction of resistance and the overexpression of Nrf2 and correlated proteins, whereas the cells showed a good ability to generate ROS in response to adequate stimulation. To demonstrate that Nrf2 exerted a crucial role in the induction of resistance, the cells were transiently transfected with a specific small interfering RNA for Nrf2. Similarly to the effects induced by PN, downregulation of Nrf2 was accompanied by reductions in the levels of catalase, MnSOD, HSP70 and Bcl-2, prevention of chemoresistance and increased ability to generate ROS under stimulation. In conclusion, our results show that PN inhibited the development of the resistance toward Mitox and DOX, and suggest that these effects were correlated with the prevention of the overexpression of Nrf2 and its target proteins, which occurred in the cells submitted to drug treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Carlisi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNec), University of Palermo, Polyclinic, Palermo, Italy.,Associazione Siciliana per la Lotta contro i Tumori (ASLOT), Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna De Blasio
- Associazione Siciliana per la Lotta contro i Tumori (ASLOT), Palermo, Italy.,Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Polyclinic, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosa Drago-Ferrante
- Associazione Siciliana per la Lotta contro i Tumori (ASLOT), Palermo, Italy.,Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Polyclinic, Palermo, Italy
| | - Riccardo Di Fiore
- Associazione Siciliana per la Lotta contro i Tumori (ASLOT), Palermo, Italy.,Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Polyclinic, Palermo, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Giuseppina Buttitta
- Associazione Siciliana per la Lotta contro i Tumori (ASLOT), Palermo, Italy.,Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Polyclinic, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Morreale
- Associazione Siciliana per la Lotta contro i Tumori (ASLOT), Palermo, Italy.,Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Polyclinic, Palermo, Italy
| | - Christian Scerri
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Malta, Msida, MSD, Malta.,Department of Pathology, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, MSD, Malta
| | - Renza Vento
- Associazione Siciliana per la Lotta contro i Tumori (ASLOT), Palermo, Italy.,Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Polyclinic, Palermo, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Giovanni Tesoriere
- Associazione Siciliana per la Lotta contro i Tumori (ASLOT), Palermo, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Abstract
Tumor-associated inflammation is predictive of poor prognosis and drives a variety of tumorigenic phenotypes, including tumor proliferation and survival, angiogenesis, invasiveness, and metastasis. Here, we review mammalian data addressing the interaction of macroautophagy/autophagy with key signaling cascades associated with tumor inflammation. Although our understanding of this area remains incomplete, certain inflammatory pathways have emerged as important mediators of the crosstalk between autophagy and inflammation in tumors. Consistent with the multifaceted roles for autophagy in tumor cells, results to date support the hypothesis that inflammatory pathways can suppress or induce autophagy in a context-dependent manner; in turn, autophagy suppresses or promotes inflammation in cancers. Furthermore, emerging data suggest that autophagy may influence cytokine production and secretion via diverse mechanisms, which has implications for the immune and inflammatory microenvironment in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Monkkonen
- a Department of Pathology and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center , University of California San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Jayanta Debnath
- a Department of Pathology and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center , University of California San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA
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Parthenolide attenuates 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 440:11-22. [PMID: 28801714 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3151-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Over the decades, the survival rates for oral cancer have not improved despite development in novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Therefore, the present study is aimed at investigating the chemopreventive potential of parthenolide in DMBA-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. The hamsters were divided into 4 groups (n = 6/group). Group I was treated as control. Groups II and III were painted with a solution of 0.5% DMBA three times per week for 14 weeks on the left buccal pouches. In addition, group III were orally administrated with parthenolide 2 mg/kg b.w on days alternate to the DMBA application. Group IV received only parthenolide. At the end of 14th week all hamsters were sacrificed. Buccal tissues from all hamsters were evaluated for histopathology. Biochemical studies were carried out using plasma, liver, and buccal mucosa of control and experimental hamsters. Gene and protein expression studies of apoptotic markers p53, Bcl-2, and Bax were performed. The results showed 100% tumor formation and marked alterations in histopathology, status of detoxification enzymes, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant profile in group II hamsters. Oral administration of parthenolide completely prevented tumor formation and significantly reduced the severity of histopathological changes in group III hamsters. The status of detoxification enzymes, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidants were significantly restored in parthenolide treated group compared to group II hamsters. The apoptotic gene p53 and antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2 were significantly down regulated; whereas, pro-apoptotic gene Bax was up regulated in group III hamsters compared to group II. The results of the present study suggest that parthenolide have potent chemopreventive, antioxidant, and apoptotic effect in DMBA-induced oral carcinogenesis.
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Lauricella M, Emanuele S, Calvaruso G, Giuliano M, D'Anneo A. Multifaceted Health Benefits of Mangifera indica L. (Mango): The Inestimable Value of Orchards Recently Planted in Sicilian Rural Areas. Nutrients 2017; 9:E525. [PMID: 28531110 PMCID: PMC5452255 DOI: 10.3390/nu9050525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Historically, Mangifera indica L. cultivations have been widely planted in tropical areas of India, Africa, Asia, and Central America. However, at least 20 years ago its spreading allowed the development of some cultivars in Sicily, an island to the south of Italy, where the favourable subtropical climate and adapted soils represent the perfect field to create new sources of production for the Sicilian agricultural supply chain. Currently, cultivations of Kensington Pride, Keitt, Glenn, Maya, and Tommy Atkins varieties are active in Sicily and their products meet the requirements of local and European markets. Mango plants produce fleshy stone fruits rich in phytochemicals with an undisputed nutritional value for its high content of polyphenolics and vitamins. This review provides an overview of the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties of mango, a fruit that should be included in everyone's diet for its multifaceted biochemical actions and health-enhancing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Lauricella
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Sonia Emanuele
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Calvaruso
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Michela Giuliano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Antonella D'Anneo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
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65
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Chang CT, Korivi M, Huang HC, Thiyagarajan V, Lin KY, Huang PJ, Liu JY, Hseu YC, Yang HL. Inhibition of ROS production, autophagy or apoptosis signaling reversed the anticancer properties of Antrodia salmonea in triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 103:1-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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66
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Guamán-Ortiz LM, Orellana MIR, Ratovitski EA. Natural Compounds As Modulators of Non-apoptotic Cell Death in Cancer Cells. Curr Genomics 2017; 18:132-155. [PMID: 28367073 PMCID: PMC5345338 DOI: 10.2174/1389202917666160803150639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell death is an innate capability of cells to be removed from microenvironment, if and when they are damaged by multiple stresses. Cell death is often regulated by multiple molecular pathways and mechanism, including apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis. The molecular network underlying these processes is often intertwined and one pathway can dynamically shift to another one acquiring certain protein components, in particular upon treatment with various drugs. The strategy to treat human cancer ultimately relies on the ability of anticancer therapeutics to induce tumor-specific cell death, while leaving normal adjacent cells undamaged. However, tumor cells often develop the resistance to the drug-induced cell death, thus representing a great challenge for the anticancer approaches. Numerous compounds originated from the natural sources and biopharmaceutical industries are applied today in clinics showing advantageous results. However, some exhibit serious toxic side effects. Thus, novel effective therapeutic approaches in treating cancers are continued to be developed. Natural compounds with anticancer activity have gained a great interest among researchers and clinicians alike since they have shown more favorable safety and efficacy then the synthetic marketed drugs. Numerous studies in vitro and in vivo have found that several natural compounds display promising anticancer potentials. This review underlines certain information regarding the role of natural compounds from plants, microorganisms and sea life forms, which are able to induce non-apoptotic cell death in tumor cells, namely autophagy and necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Miguel Guamán-Ortiz
- 1 Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador ; 2 Head and Neck Cancer Research Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Maria Isabel Ramirez Orellana
- 1 Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador ; 2 Head and Neck Cancer Research Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Edward A Ratovitski
- 1 Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador ; 2 Head and Neck Cancer Research Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Liu W, Wang X, Sun J, Yang Y, Li W, Song J. Parthenolide suppresses pancreatic cell growth by autophagy-mediated apoptosis. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:453-461. [PMID: 28176967 PMCID: PMC5271392 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s117250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy and is unresponsive to conventional chemotherapies. Parthenolide, a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from feverfew, has exhibited potent anticancer effects against various cancers. The purpose of this report was to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of parthenolide in human pancreatic cancer Panc-1 and BxPC3 cells. The results demonstrated that parthenolide suppressed the growth and induced apoptosis of Panc-1 and BxPC3 pancreatic cancer cells with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) ranging between 7 and 9 μM after 24 h of treatment. Significant autophagy was induced by parthenolide treatment in pancreatic cancer cells. Parthenolide treatment concentration-dependently increased the percentage of autophagic cells and significantly increased the expression levels of p62/SQSTM1, Beclin 1, and LC3II in Panc-1 cells. Punctate LC3II staining confirmed autophagy. Furthermore, inhibiting autophagy by chloroquine, 3-methyladenine, or LC3II siRNA significantly blocked parthenolide-induced apoptosis, suggesting that parthenolide induced apoptosis through autophagy in this study. In conclusion, these studies established that parthenolide inhibits pancreatic cell growth by autophagy-mediated apoptosis. Data of the present study suggest that parthenolide can serve as a potential chemotherapeutic agent for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xinshuai Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luo Yang, China
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68
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Berberine-sonodynamic therapy induces autophagy and lipid unloading in macrophage. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2558. [PMID: 28102849 PMCID: PMC5386349 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Impaired autophagy in macrophages accompanies the progression of atherosclerosis and contributes to lipid loading in plaques and ineffective lipid degradation. Therefore, evoking autophagy and its associated cholesterol efflux may provide a therapeutic treatment for atherosclerosis. In the present study, berberine-mediated sonodynamic therapy (BBR-SDT) was used to induce autophagy and cholesterol efflux in THP-1 macrophages and derived foam cells. Following BBR-SDT, autophagy was increased in the macrophages, autophagy resistance in the foam cells was prevented, and cholesterol efflux was induced. The first two effects were blocked by the reactive oxygen species scavenger, N-acetyl cysteine. BBR-SDT also reduced the phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR, two key molecules in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which is responsible for inducing autophagy. Correspondingly, treatment with the autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine, or the PI3K inhibitor, LY294002, abolished the autophagy-induced effects of BBR-SDT. Furthermore, induction of cholesterol efflux by BBR-SDT was reversed by an inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyladenine or by a small interfering RNA targeting Atg5. Taken together, these results demonstrate that BBR-SDT effectively promotes cholesterol efflux by increasing reactive oxygen species generation, and this subsequently induces autophagy via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in both ‘normal' macrophages and lipid-loaded macrophages (foam cells). Thus, BBR-SDT may be a promising atheroprotective therapy to inhibit the progression of atherosclerosis and should be further studied.
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69
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Seca AM, Silva AM, Pinto DC. Parthenolide and Parthenolide-Like Sesquiterpene Lactones as Multiple Targets Drugs. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63931-8.00009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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70
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Penthala NR, Janganati V, Alpe TL, Apana SM, Berridge MS, Crooks PA, Borrelli MJ. N-[ 11CH 3]Dimethylaminoparthenolide (DMAPT) uptake into orthotopic 9LSF glioblastoma tumors in the rat. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:5883-5886. [PMID: 27866815 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the uptake of intravenously administered N-[11CH3]-dimethylaminoparthenolide (DMAPT) into orthotopic 9LSF glioblastoma brain tumors in Fisher 344 rats from positron emission tomography (PET) imaging studies. [11C]methyl iodide (11CH3I) was utilized as a [11C]-labeling reagent to label the precursor methylaminoparthenolide (MAPT) intermediate. From PET imaging studies it was found that brain uptake of N-[11CH3]DMAPT into brain tumor tissue was rapid (30min), and considerably higher than that in the normal brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narsimha Reddy Penthala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205-7199, USA
| | - Venumadhav Janganati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205-7199, USA
| | - Terri L Alpe
- College of Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205-7199, USA
| | | | | | - Peter A Crooks
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205-7199, USA.
| | - Michael J Borrelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205-7199, USA; College of Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205-7199, USA.
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71
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Freund RRA, Arndt HD. Synthesis of (±)-4,5-dia-Parthenolide, an Unnatural Parthenolide Stereoisomer. J Org Chem 2016; 81:11009-11016. [PMID: 27726361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A short total synthesis of the novel unnatural parthenolide diastereomer (±)-4,5-dia-parthenolide was accomplished in 13 steps and an overall yield of 1.75% starting from commercially available (E,E)-farnesol. The challenging isopropenyl side chain oxidation was regioselectively achieved via a newly developed stepwise dihydroxylation procedure, employing a Bartlett-Smith iodocarbonate cyclization followed by iodide substitution and catalytic transesterification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert R A Freund
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie , Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Hans-Dieter Arndt
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie , Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
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72
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Pagliero RJ, D'Astolfo DS, Lelieveld D, Pratiwi RD, Aits S, Jaattela M, Martin NI, Klumperman J, Egan DA. Discovery of Small Molecules That Induce Lysosomal Cell Death in Cancer Cell Lines Using an Image-Based Screening Platform. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2016; 14:489-510. [PMID: 27732064 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2016.727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The lysosomal cell death (LCD) pathway is a caspase 3-independent cell death pathway that has been suggested as a possible target for cancer therapy, making the development of sensitive and specific high-throughput (HT) assays to identify LCD inducers highly desirable. In this study, we report a two-step HT screening platform to reliably identify such molecules. First, using a robust HT primary screen based on propidium iodide uptake, we identified compounds that kill through nonapoptotic pathways. A phenotypic image-based assay using a galectin-3 (Gal-3) reporter was then used to further classify hits based on lysosomal permeabilization, a hallmark of LCD. The identification of permeabilized lysosomes in our image-based assay is not affected by changes in the lysosomal pH, thus resolving an important limitation in currently used methods. We have validated our platform in a screen by identifying 24 LCD inducers, some previously known to induce LCD. Although most LCD inducers were cationic amphiphilic drugs (CADs), we have also identified a non-CAD LCD inducer, which is of great interest in the field. Our data also gave new insights into the biology of LCD, suggesting that lysosomal accumulation and acid sphingomyelinase inhibition are not sufficient or necessary for the induction of LCD. Overall, our results demonstrate a robust HT platform to identify novel LCD inducers that will also be very useful for gaining deeper insights into the molecular mechanism of LCD induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina J Pagliero
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU) , Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Diego S D'Astolfo
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU) , Utrecht, the Netherlands .,2 KNAW-Hubrecht Institute , Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Daphne Lelieveld
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU) , Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Riyona D Pratiwi
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU) , Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sonja Aits
- 3 Cell Death and Metabolism Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center , Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marja Jaattela
- 3 Cell Death and Metabolism Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease, Danish Cancer Society Research Center , Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nathaniel I Martin
- 4 Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University , Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Judith Klumperman
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU) , Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - David A Egan
- 1 Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU) , Utrecht, the Netherlands
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73
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Jeyamohan S, Moorthy RK, Kannan MK, Arockiam AJV. Parthenolide induces apoptosis and autophagy through the suppression of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in cervical cancer. Biotechnol Lett 2016; 38:1251-60. [PMID: 27099069 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-016-2102-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of parthenolide on apoptosis and autophagy and to study the role of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in cervical cancer. RESULTS Parthenolide inhibits HeLa cell viability in a dose dependent-manner and was confirmed by MTT assay. Parthenolide (6 µM) induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and autophagy by activation of caspase-3, upregulation of Bax, Beclin-1, ATG5, ATG3 and down-regulation of Bcl-2 and mTOR. Parthenolide also inhibits PI3K and Akt expression through activation of PTEN expression. Moreover, parthenolide induces generation of reactive oxygen species that leads to the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. CONCLUSION Parthenolide induces apoptosis and autophagy-mediated growth inhibition in HeLa cells by suppressing the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and mitochondrial membrane depolarization and ROS generation. Parthenolide may be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridharan Jeyamohan
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 024, India
| | - Rajesh Kannan Moorthy
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 024, India
| | - Mahesh Kumar Kannan
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 024, India
| | - Antony Joseph Velanganni Arockiam
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 024, India.
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Lauricella M, Carlisi D, Giuliano M, Calvaruso G, Cernigliaro C, Vento R, D'Anneo A. The analysis of estrogen receptor-α positive breast cancer stem-like cells unveils a high expression of the serpin proteinase inhibitor PI-9: Possible regulatory mechanisms. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:352-60. [PMID: 27121069 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer stem cells seem to play important roles in breast tumor recurrence and endocrine therapy resistance, although the underlying mechanisms have not been well established. Moreover, in some tumor systems the immunosurveillance failure against cancer cells has been related to the presence of the granzyme B inhibitor PI-9. This study explored the status of PI-9 in tumorspheres isolated from estrogen receptor-α positive (ERα+) breast cancer MCF7 cells. Studies were performed in tertiary tumorspheres which possess high levels of stemness markers (Nanog, Oct3/4 and Sox2) and self-renewal ability. The exposure to estrogens (17-β estradiol and genistein) increased the number and sizes of tumorspheres, promoting cell proliferation as demonstrated by the increase in the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The study of the three isoforms (66, 46 and 36 kDa) of ERα disclosed that tertiary tumorspheres exhibit a marked increase in ERα36, while the level of ERα66, which is highly expressed in MCF7 cells, declines. Although it is known that PI-9 is a transcriptional target of ERα66, surprisingly in tertiary tumorspheres, despite the reduced level of ERα66, the protein and mRNA content of PI-9 is higher than in MCF7 cells. Treatment with estrogens further increased PI-9 level while decreased that of ERα66 isoform thus excluding the involvement of this receptor isoform in the event. Moreover, our studies also provided evidence that tertiary tumorspheres express elevated levels of CXCR4 and phospho-p38, suggesting that the high PI-9 content might be ascribed to the activation of the proliferative CXCR4/phospho-p38 axis. Taken together, these events could supply a selective advantage to breast cancer stem cells by interfering with immunosurveillance systems and open up the avenue to new possible targets for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Lauricella
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniela Carlisi
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Michela Giuliano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Calvaruso
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Cesare Cernigliaro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Renza Vento
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella D'Anneo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Parthenolide and DMAPT exert cytotoxic effects on breast cancer stem-like cells by inducing oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and necrosis. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2194. [PMID: 27077810 PMCID: PMC4855673 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are aggressive forms of breast carcinoma associated with a high rate of recidivism. In this paper, we report the production of mammospheres from three lines of TNBC cells and demonstrate that both parthenolide (PN) and its soluble analog dimethylaminoparthenolide (DMAPT) suppressed this production and induced cytotoxic effects in breast cancer stem-like cells, derived from dissociation of mammospheres. In particular, the drugs exerted a remarkable inhibitory effect on viability of stem-like cells. Such an effect was suppressed by N-acetylcysteine, suggesting a role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in the cytotoxic effect. Instead z-VAD, a general inhibitor of caspase activity, was ineffective. Analysis of ROS generation, performed using fluorescent probes, showed that both the drugs stimulated in the first hours of treatment a very high production of hydrogen peroxide. This event was, at least in part, a consequence of activation of NADPH oxidases (NOXs), as it was reduced by apocynin and diphenylene iodinium, two inhibitors of NOXs. Moreover, both the drugs caused downregulation of Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2), which is a critical regulator of the intracellular antioxidant response. Prolonging the treatment with PN or DMAPT we observed between 12 and 24 h that the levels of both superoxide anion and hROS increased in concomitance with the downregulation of manganese superoxide dismutase and catalase. In addition, during this phase dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential occurred together with necrosis of stem-like cells. Finally, our results suggested that the effect on ROS generation found in the first hours of treatment was, in part, responsible for the cytotoxic events observed in the successive phase. In conclusion, PN and DMAPT markedly inhibited viability of stem-like cells derived from three lines of TNBCs by inducing ROS generation, mitochondrial dysfunction and cell necrosis.
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Unusual roles of caspase-8 in triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Int J Oncol 2016; 48:2339-48. [PMID: 27082853 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a clinically aggressive form of breast cancer that is unresponsive to endocrine agents or trastuzumab. TNBC accounts for ~10-20% of all breast cancer cases and represents the form with the poorest prognosis. Patients with TNBC are at higher risk of early recurrence, mainly in the lungs, brain and soft tissue, therefore, there is an urgent need for new therapies. The present study was carried out in MDA-MB-231 cells, where we assessed the role of caspase-8 (casp-8), a critical effector of death receptors, also involved in non‑apoptotic functions. Analysis of casp-8 mRNA and protein levels indicated that they were up-regulated with respect to the normal human mammalian epithelial cells. We demonstrated that silencing of casp-8 by small interfering-RNA, strongly decreased MDA-MB-231 cell growth by delaying G0/G1- to S-phase transition and increasing p21, p27 and hypo-phosphorylated/active form of pRb levels. Surprisingly, casp-8-knockdown, also potently increased both the migratory and metastatic capacity of MDA-MB‑231 cells, as shown by both wound healing and Matrigel assay, and by the expression of a number of related-genes and/or proteins such as VEGFA, C-MYC, CTNNB1, HMGA2, CXCR4, KLF4, VERSICAN V1 and MMP2. Among these, KLF4, a transcriptional factor with a dual role (activator and repressor), seemed to play critical roles. We suggest that in MDA-MB‑231 cells, the endogenous expression of casp-8 might keep the cells perpetually cycling through downregulation of KLF4, the subsequent lowering of p21 and p27, and the inactivation by hyperphosphorylation of pRb. Simultaneously, by lowering the expression of some migratory and invasive genes, casp-8 might restrain the metastatic ability of the cells. Overall, our findings showed that, in MDA-MB-231 cells, casp-8 might play some unusual roles which should be better explored, in order to understand whether it might be identified as a molecular therapeutic target.
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Abstract
Inflammasomes are high molecular weight complexes that sense and react to injury and infection. Their activation induces caspase-1 activation and release of interleukin-1β, a pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in both acute and chronic inflammatory responses. There is increasing evidence that inflammasomes, particularly the NLRP3 inflammasome, act as guardians against noninfectious material. Inappropriate activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to the progression of many noncommunicable diseases such as gout, type II diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease. Inhibiting the inflammasome may significantly reduce damaging inflammation and is therefore regarded as a therapeutic target. Currently approved inhibitors of interleukin-1β are rilonacept, canakinumab, and anakinra. However, these proteins do not possess ideal pharmacokinetic properties and are unlikely to easily cross the blood-brain barrier. Because inflammation can contribute to neurological disorders, this review focuses on the development of small-molecule inhibitors of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex G Baldwin
- Manchester Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester , Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - David Brough
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester , AV Hill Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Sally Freeman
- Manchester Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester , Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
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78
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Takatani-Nakase T, Takahashi K. [Sesquiterpenoids: phytochemicals for the fight against cancers]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2015; 146:130-4. [PMID: 26354011 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.146.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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79
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80
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Induction of apoptosis by parthenolide in human oral cancer cell lines and tumor xenografts. Oral Oncol 2015; 51:602-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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81
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Carlisi D, Lauricella M, D'Anneo A, Buttitta G, Emanuele S, di Fiore R, Martinez R, Rolfo C, Vento R, Tesoriere G. The synergistic effect of SAHA and parthenolide in MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:1276-89. [PMID: 25370819 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The sesquiterpene lactone Parthenolide (PN) exerted a cytotoxic effect on MDA-MB231 cells, a triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line, but its effectiveness was scarce when employed at low doses. This represents an obstacle for a therapeutic utilization of PN. In order to overcome this difficulty we associated to PN the suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), an histone deacetylase inhibitor. Our results show that SAHA synergistically sensitized MDA-MB231 cells to the cytotoxic effect of PN. It is noteworthy that treatment with PN alone stimulated the survival pathway Akt/mTOR and the consequent nuclear translocation of Nrf2, while treatment with SAHA alone induced autophagic activity. However, when the cells were treated with SAHA/PN combination, SAHA suppressed PN effect on Akt/mTOR/Nrf2 pathway, while PN reduced the prosurvival autophagic activity of SAHA. In addition SAHA/PN combination induced GSH depletion, fall in Δψm, release of cytochrome c, activation of caspase 3 and apoptosis. Finally we demonstrated that combined treatment maintained both hyperacetylation of histones H3 and H4 induced by SAHA and down-regulation of DNMT1 expression induced by PN. Inhibition of the DNA-binding activity of NF-kB, which is determined by PN, was also observed after combined treatment. In conclusion, combination of PN to SAHA inhibits the cytoprotective responses induced by the single compounds, but does not alter the mechanisms leading to the cytotoxic effects. Taken together our results suggest that this combination could be a candidate for TNBC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Carlisi
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNeC), Laboratory of Biochemistry, Polyclinic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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82
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Gach K, Długosz A, Janecka A. The role of oxidative stress in anticancer activity of sesquiterpene lactones. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2015; 388:477-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-015-1096-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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83
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Xie T, Li SJ, Guo MR, Wu Y, Wang HY, Zhang K, Zhang X, Ouyang L, Liu J. Untangling knots between autophagic targets and candidate drugs, in cancer therapy. Cell Prolif 2015; 48:119-39. [PMID: 25650136 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved lysosomal mechanism implicated in a wide variety of pathological processes, such as cancer. Autophagy can be regulated by a limited number of autophagy-related genes (Atgs) such as oncogenic Bcl-2/Bcl-XL , mTORC1, Akt and PI3KCI, and tumour suppressive proteins PI3KCIII, Beclin-1, Bif-1, p53, DAPKs, PTEN and UVRAG, which play their crucial roles in regulating autophagy-related cancer. As autophagy has a dual role in cancer cells, with tumour-promoting and tumour-suppressing properties, it has become an attractive target for a series of emerging small molecule drugs. In this review, we reveal new discoveries of related small molecules or chemical compounds that can regulate autophagic pathways and lead to pro-death or pro-survival autophagy, in different types of cancer. We discuss the knots between autophagic targets and candidate drugs, in the hope of shedding new light on exploiting new anti-tumour small molecule drugs for future cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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84
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Anti-inflammatory and antiosteoclastogenic activities of parthenolide on human periodontal ligament cells in vitro. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:546097. [PMID: 25610476 PMCID: PMC4290145 DOI: 10.1155/2014/546097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that causes osteolysis and tooth loss. It is known that the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signalling pathway plays a key role in the progression of inflammation and osteoclastogenesis in periodontitis. Parthenolide (PTL), a sesquiterpene lactone extracted from the shoots of Tanacetum parthenium, has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory properties in various diseases. In the study reported herein, we investigated the effects of PTL on the inflammatory and osteoclastogenic response of human periodontal ligament-derived cells (hPDLCs) and revealed the signalling pathways in this process. Our results showed that PTL decreased NF-κB activation, I-κB degradation, and ERK activation in hPDLCs. PTL significantly reduced the expression of inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and osteoclastogenic (RANKL, OPG, and M-CSF) genes in LPS-stimulated hPDLCs. In addition, PTL attenuated hPDLC-induced osteoclastogenic differentiation of macrophages (RAW264.7 cells), as well as reducing gene expression of osteoclast-related markers in RAW264.7 cells in an hPDLC-macrophage coculture model. Taken together, these results demonstrate the anti-inflammatory and antiosteoclastogenic activities of PTL in hPDLCs in vitro. These data offer fundamental evidence supporting the potential use of PTL in periodontitis treatment.
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85
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Oridonin phosphate-induced autophagy effectively enhances cell apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. Med Oncol 2014; 32:365. [PMID: 25491140 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0365-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Oridonin is an active diterpenoid, which was extracted from traditional Chinese herbs and had been widely used in clinical treatment nowadays. Oridonin phosphate is one of the derivatives of oridonin. In the present study, we explored its anti-tumor effect and investigated the molecular mechanism of oridonin phosphate in breast cancer cell lines. Firstly, cell viability was analyzed by MTT assay. The breast cancer cells were treated with increasing concentrations of oridonin phosphate for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. The results demonstrated that oridonin phosphate inhibited the proliferation of MDA-MB-436 and MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Next, cell apoptosis rate was detected in oridonin phosphate-treated breast cancer cells by Annexin V-FITC/PI dual staining analysis and the data demonstrated that oridonin phosphate induced cell apoptosis of breast cancer cells in time- and dose-dependent manner. Moreover, apoptosis-related proteins were detected by Western blotting analysis. The results showed that the expression level of Bax was up-regulated and the expression level of Bcl-2 was down-regulated. Meanwhile, the level of cleaved caspase-9 was significantly increased when the cells were treated with 40 μM of oridonin phosphate for 48 h, although the expression level of pro-caspase-9 was not obviously changed. All of the data revealed that mitochondrial apoptosis pathway may be involved in the cell apoptosis induced by oridonin phosphate in breast cancer cells. Importantly, the expression levels of autophagy-related protein beclin-1 and LC3-II were significantly higher in oridonin phosphate-treated breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-436 and MDA-MB-231 for 48 h. Additionally, we further explored the relationship between apoptosis and autophagy specifically induced by oridonin phosphate in breast cancer cells. The result showed that inhibition of autophagy suppressed the cell apoptosis in oridonin phosphate-treated MDA-MB-436 cells. Taken together, the compound of oridonin phosphate simultaneously induced cell apoptosis and autophagy in breast cancer cells. Inhibition oridonin phosphate-induced cell autophagy suppressed the progression of cell apoptosis, which revealed that oridonin phosphate-induced autophagy participated in up-regulation of apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. It would provide some new clues for the therapy of breast cancer.
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86
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Lan B, Wan YJ, Pan S, Wang Y, Yang Y, Leng QL, Jia H, Liu YH, Zhang CZ, Cao Y. Parthenolide induces autophagy via the depletion of 4E-BP1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 456:434-9. [PMID: 25482447 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.11.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Parthenolide (PTL) is a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from feverfew and exhibits potent antitumor activity against various cancers. Many studies indicate that PTL treatment leads to apoptosis, however, the mechanism has not been defined. Here, we observed that cells underwent autophagy shortly after PTL treatment. Inhibition of autophagy by knocking out autophagy associated gene atg5 blocked PTL-induced apoptosis. Surprisingly, PTL decreased the level of translation initiation factor eIF4E binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) in correlation with autophagy. Ectopic expression or shRNA knockdown of 4E-BP1 further verified the effect of 4E-BP1 on PTL-induced autophagy. Meanwhile, PTL elevated the cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) which located upstream of the depletion of 4E-BP1, and contributed to the consequent autophagy. This study revealed 4E-BP1 as a trigger for PTL-induced autophagy and may lead to therapeutic strategy to enhance the efficacy of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Lan
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Ya-Juan Wan
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Shuang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Yin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Qian-Li Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Huiyan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Yao-Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Cui-Zhu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, PR China.
| | - Youjia Cao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Functional Genomics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, PR China.
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87
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Rotblat B, Grunewald TGP, Leprivier G, Melino G, Knight RA. Anti-oxidative stress response genes: bioinformatic analysis of their expression and relevance in multiple cancers. Oncotarget 2014; 4:2577-90. [PMID: 24342878 PMCID: PMC3926850 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells mount a transcriptional anti-oxidative stress (AOS) response program to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) that arise from chemical, physical, and metabolic challenges. This protective program has been shown to reduce carcinogenesis triggered by chemical and physical insults. However, it is also hijacked by established cancers to thrive and proliferate within the hostile tumor microenvironment and to gain resistance against chemo- and radiotherapies. Therefore, targeting the AOS response proteins that are exploited by cancer cells is an attractive therapeutic strategy. In order to identify the AOS genes that are suspected to support cancer progression and resistance, we analyzed the expression patterns of 285 genes annotated for being involved in oxidative stress in 994 tumors and 353 normal tissues. Thereby we identified a signature of 116 genes that are highly overexpressed in multiple carcinomas while being only minimally expressed in normal tissues. To establish which of these genes are more likely to functionally drive cancer resistance and progression, we further identified those whose overexpression correlates with negative patient outcome in breast and lung carcinoma. Gene-set enrichment, GO, network, and pathway analyses revealed that members of the thioredoxin and glutathione pathways are prominent components of this oncogenic signature and that activation of these pathways is common feature of many cancer entities. Interestingly, a large fraction of these AOS genes are downstream targets of the transcription factors NRF2, NF-kappaB and FOXM1, and relay on NADPH for their enzymatic activities highlighting promising drug targets. We discuss these findings and propose therapeutic strategies that may be applied to overcome cancer resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barak Rotblat
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester, UK
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88
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Li Y, Wang S, Wang Z, Qian X, Fan J, Zeng X, Sun Y, Song P, Feng M, Ju D. Cationic poly(amidoamine) dendrimers induced cyto-protective autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 25:365101. [PMID: 25140534 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/36/365101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers are proposed as one of the most promising nanomaterials for biomedical applications because of their unique tree-like structure, monodispersity and tunable properties. In this study, we found that PAMAM dendrimers could induce the formation of autophagosomes and the conversion of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) in hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells, while the inhibition of the Akt/mTOR and activation of the Erk 1/2 signaling pathways were involved in autophagy-induced by PAMAM dendrimers. We also investigated the suppression of autophagy with the obviously enhanced cytotoxicity of PAMAM dendrimers. Moreover, the blockage of a reactive oxygen species (ROS) could enhance the growth inhibition and apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells, induced by PAMAM dendrimers through reducing autophagic effects. Taken together, these findings explored the role and mechanism of autophagy induced by PAMAM dendrimers in HepG2 cells, provided new insight into the effect of autophagy on drug delivery nanomaterials and tumor cells and contributed to the use of a drug delivery vehicle for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment.
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89
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Bridge G, Rashid S, Martin SA. DNA mismatch repair and oxidative DNA damage: implications for cancer biology and treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2014; 6:1597-614. [PMID: 25099886 PMCID: PMC4190558 DOI: 10.3390/cancers6031597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Many components of the cell, including lipids, proteins and both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, are vulnerable to deleterious modifications caused by reactive oxygen species. If not repaired, oxidative DNA damage can lead to disease-causing mutations, such as in cancer. Base excision repair and nucleotide excision repair are the two DNA repair pathways believed to orchestrate the removal of oxidative lesions. However, recent findings suggest that the mismatch repair pathway may also be important for the response to oxidative DNA damage. This is particularly relevant in cancer where mismatch repair genes are frequently mutated or epigenetically silenced. In this review we explore how the regulation of oxidative DNA damage by mismatch repair proteins may impact on carcinogenesis. We discuss recent studies that identify potential new treatments for mismatch repair deficient tumours, which exploit this non-canonical role of mismatch repair using synthetic lethal targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Bridge
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Sukaina Rashid
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Sarah A Martin
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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90
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Carlisi D, D'Anneo A, Martinez R, Emanuele S, Buttitta G, Di Fiore R, Vento R, Tesoriere G, Lauricella M. The oxygen radicals involved in the toxicity induced by parthenolide in MDA-MB-231 cells. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:167-72. [PMID: 24859613 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been shown that the sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide lowers the viability of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, in correlation with oxidative stress. The present report examined the different radical species produced during parthenolide treatment and their possible role in the toxicity caused by the drug. Time course experiments showed that in the first phase of treatment (0-8 h), and in particular in the first 3 h, parthenolide induced dichlorofluorescein (DCF) signal in a large percentage of cells, while dihydroethidium (DHE) signal was not stimulated. Since the effect on DCF signal was suppressed by apocynin and diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), two inhibitors of NADPH oxidase (NOX), we suggest that parthenolide rapidly stimulated NOX activity with production of superoxide anion (O2•-), which was converted by superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In the second phase of treatment (8-16 h), parthenolide increased the number of positive cells to DHE signal. Since this event was not prevented by apocynin and DPI and was associated with positivity of cells to MitoSox Red, a fluorochrome used to detect mitochondrial production of O2•-, we suggest that parthenolide induced production of O2•- at the mitochondrial level independently by NOX activity in the second phase of treatment. Finally, in this phase, most cells became positive to hydroxyphenyl fluorescein (HPF) signal, a fluorescent probe to detect highly reactive oxygen species (hROS), such as hydroxyl radical and peroxynitrite. Therefore, parthenolide between 8-16 h of treatment induced generation of O2•- and hROS, in close correlation with a marked reduction in cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Carlisi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Polyclinic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella D'Anneo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Polyclinic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberta Martinez
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Polyclinic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Sonia Emanuele
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Polyclinic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Buttitta
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Polyclinic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Riccardo Di Fiore
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Polyclinic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Renza Vento
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Polyclinic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tesoriere
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Polyclinic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marianna Lauricella
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Polyclinic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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