51
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Schelch K, Hoda MA, Klikovits T, Münzker J, Ghanim B, Wagner C, Garay T, Laszlo V, Setinek U, Dome B, Filipits M, Pirker C, Heffeter P, Selzer E, Tovari J, Torok S, Kenessey I, Holzmann K, Grasl-Kraupp B, Marian B, Klepetko W, Berger W, Hegedus B, Grusch M. Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Inhibition Is Active against Mesothelioma and Synergizes with Radio- and Chemotherapy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2014; 190:763-72. [DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201404-0658oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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52
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Noguchi M, Hirata N, Suizu F. The links between AKT and two intracellular proteolytic cascades: ubiquitination and autophagy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2014; 1846:342-52. [PMID: 25109892 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2014.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The serine threonine kinase AKT plays a central role in the regulation of cell survival in a variety of human neoplastic diseases. A series of studies have revealed a connection between AKT signaling and two important protein degradation pathways in mammalian cells: the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy. Two distinct ubiquitination systems have been reported to regulate AKT signaling: K63-linked ubiquitination, which promotes the oncogenic activation of AKT, and K48-linked ubiquitination, which triggers the proteasomal degradation of phosphorylated AKT. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism for the gross disposal and recycling of intracellular proteins in mammalian cells. AKT signaling may play a regulatory role in autophagy; however, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully clarified. Recently, AKT was shown to phosphorylate key molecules involved in the regulation of autophagy. Furthermore, lysosomal co-localization of the AKT-Phafin2 complex is reportedly critical for the induction of autophagy. In this review, we will discuss the connection between AKT, a core intracellular survival regulator, and two major intracellular proteolytic signaling pathways in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Noguchi
- Division of Cancer Biology Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Noriyuki Hirata
- Division of Cancer Biology Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Futoshi Suizu
- Division of Cancer Biology Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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53
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Grusch M, Schelch K, Riedler R, Reichhart E, Differ C, Berger W, Inglés-Prieto Á, Janovjak H. Spatio-temporally precise activation of engineered receptor tyrosine kinases by light. EMBO J 2014; 33:1713-26. [PMID: 24986882 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201387695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are a large family of cell surface receptors that sense growth factors and hormones and regulate a variety of cell behaviours in health and disease. Contactless activation of RTKs with spatial and temporal precision is currently not feasible. Here, we generated RTKs that are insensitive to endogenous ligands but can be selectively activated by low-intensity blue light. We screened light-oxygen-voltage (LOV)-sensing domains for their ability to activate RTKs by light-activated dimerization. Incorporation of LOV domains found in aureochrome photoreceptors of stramenopiles resulted in robust activation of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and rearranged during transfection (RET). In human cancer and endothelial cells, light induced cellular signalling with spatial and temporal precision. Furthermore, light faithfully mimicked complex mitogenic and morphogenic cell behaviour induced by growth factors. RTKs under optical control (Opto-RTKs) provide a powerful optogenetic approach to actuate cellular signals and manipulate cell behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Grusch
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Schelch
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert Riedler
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Eva Reichhart
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Christopher Differ
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Álvaro Inglés-Prieto
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Harald Janovjak
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Klosterneuburg, Austria
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54
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Ader I, Delmas C, Skuli N, Bonnet J, Schaeffer P, Bono F, Cohen-Jonathan-Moyal E, Toulas C. Preclinical evidence that SSR128129E--a novel small-molecule multi-fibroblast growth factor receptor blocker--radiosensitises human glioblastoma. Eur J Cancer 2014; 50:2351-9. [PMID: 24953334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Resistance of glioblastoma to radiotherapy is mainly due to tumour cell radioresistance, which is partially controlled by growth factors such as fibroblast growth factor (FGF). Because we have previously demonstrated the role of FGF-2 in tumour cell radioresistance, we investigate here whether inhibiting FGF-2 pathways by targeting fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) may represent a new strategy to optimise the efficiency of radiotherapy in glioblastoma. Treating radioresistant U87 and SF763 glioblastoma cells with the FGFR inhibitor, SSR12819E, radiosensitises these cells while the survival after irradiation of the more radiosensitive U251 and SF767 cells was not affected. SSR128129E administration to U87 cells increases the radiation-induced mitotic cell death. It also decreased cell membrane availability of the FGFR-1 mainly expressed in these cells, increased this receptor's ubiquitylation, inhibited radiation-induced RhoB activation and modulated the level of hypoxia inducible factor, HIF-1α, a master regulator of hypoxia, thus suggesting a role of FGFR in the regulation of hypoxia pathways. Moreover, treating orthotopically U87 xenografted mice with SSR128129E before two subsequent local 2.5Gy irradiations significantly increased the animals neurological sign free survival (NSFS) compared to the other groups of treatment. These results strongly suggest that targeting FGFR with the FGFR blocker SSR128129E might represent an interesting strategy to improve the efficiency of radiotherapy in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Ader
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse F-31000, France
| | - Caroline Delmas
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse F-31000, France; Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse F-31000, France
| | - Nicolas Skuli
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse F-31000, France
| | | | - Paul Schaeffer
- E2C and LGCR-SDI Department, Sanofi Research and Development, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Françoise Bono
- E2C and LGCR-SDI Department, Sanofi Research and Development, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Elizabeth Cohen-Jonathan-Moyal
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse F-31000, France; Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse F-31000, France; Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse F-31000, France.
| | - Christine Toulas
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse F-31000, France; Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse F-31000, France.
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55
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No YR, He P, Yoo BK, Yun CC. Unique regulation of human Na+/H+ exchanger 3 (NHE3) by Nedd4-2 ligase that differs from non-primate NHE3s. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:18360-72. [PMID: 24831004 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.541706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Na(+)/H(+) exchanger NHE3 expressed in the intestine and kidney plays a major role in NaCl and HCO3 (-) absorption that is closely linked to fluid absorption and blood pressure regulation. The Nedd4 family of E3 ubiquitin ligases interacts with a number of transporters and channels via PY motifs. A comparison of NHE3 sequences revealed the presence of PY motifs in NHE3s from human and several non-human primates but not in non-primate NHE3s. In this study we evaluated the differences between human and non-primate NHE3s in ubiquitination and interaction with Nedd4-2. We found that Nedd4-2 ubiquitinated human NHE3 (hNHE3) and altered its expression and activity. Surprisingly, rat NHE3 co-immunoprecipitated Nedd4-2, but its expression and activity were not altered by silencing of Nedd4-2. Ubiquitination by Nedd4-2 rendered hNHE3 to undergo internalization at a significantly greater rate than non-primate NHE3s without altering protein stability. Insertion of a PY motif in rabbit NHE3 recapitulated the interaction with Nedd4-2 and enhanced internalization. Thus, we propose a new model where disruption of Nedd4-2 interaction elevates hNHE3 expression and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ran No
- From the Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine and
| | - Peijian He
- From the Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine and
| | - Byong Kwon Yoo
- From the Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine and
| | - C Chris Yun
- From the Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
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56
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The E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4 negatively regulates HER3/ErbB3 level and signaling. Oncogene 2014; 34:1105-15. [PMID: 24662824 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
HER3/ErbB3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, has a pivotal role in cancer and is emerging as a therapeutic antibody target. In this study, we identified NEDD4 (neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally downregulated 4) as a novel interaction partner and ubiquitin E3 ligase of human HER3. Using molecular and biochemical approaches, we demonstrated that the C-terminal tail of HER3 interacted with the WW domains of NEDD4 and the interaction was independent of neuregulin-1. Short hairpin RNA knockdown of NEDD4 elevated HER3 levels and resulted in increased HER3 signaling and cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. A similar inverse relationship between HER3 and NEDD4 levels was observed in prostate cancer tumor tissues. More importantly, the upregulated HER3 expression by NEDD4 knockdown sensitized cancer cells for growth inhibition by an anti-HER3 antibody. Taken together, our results suggest that low NEDD4 levels may predict activation of HER3 signaling and efficacies of anti-HER3 antibody therapies.
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57
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Cai J, Yang L, Wang B, Huang Y, Tang J, Lu Y, Wu Z, Jian J. Identification of a novel N4BP1-like gene from grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) in response to GCRV infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 36:223-228. [PMID: 24220004 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Nedd4 binding protein 1 (N4BP1) has been identified as an interacting protein and a substrate of Nedd4 E3 ligase. However, the report about N4BP1's function is limit. In this study, a novel N4BP1 gene (CiN4BP1) was cloned from grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). The full-length cDNA sequence of CiN4BP1 (3022 bp) included an open reading frame (ORF) of 2565 bp, which encoded a putative peptides of 854 amino acids containing one KH domain and one NYN domain. It was close homology (47% identify) to Oryzias latipes N4BP1. And mRNA expression of CiN4BP1 gene showed relatively high level in skin, gill, head kidney and spleen. After grass carp reovirus (GCRV) infection, CiN4BP1 was up-regulated in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, overexpression of CiN4BP1 in CIK cells inhibited viral gene transcription. These data indicated that CiN4BP1 might play an important role in immune response to viral invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Cai
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Lin Yang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Bei Wang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yucong Huang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jufen Tang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yishan Lu
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Zaohe Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Jichang Jian
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
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58
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Zhang H, Nie W, Zhang X, Zhang G, Li Z, Wu H, Shi Q, Chen Y, Ding Z, Zhou X, Yu R. NEDD4-1 regulates migration and invasion of glioma cells through CNrasGEF ubiquitination in vitro. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82789. [PMID: 24340059 PMCID: PMC3858320 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal precursor cell-expressed developmentally down-regulated 4-1 (NEDD4-1) plays a great role in tumor cell growth, but its function and mechanism in cell invasive behavior are totally unknown. Here we report that NEDD4-1 regulates migration and invasion of malignant glioma cells via triggering ubiquitination of cyclic nucleotide Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor (CNrasGEF) using cultured glioma cells. NEDD4-1 overexpression promoted cell migration and invasion, while its downregulation specifically inhibited them. However, NEDD4-1 did not affect the proliferation and apoptosis of glioma cells. NEDD4-1 physically interacted with CNrasGEF and promoted its poly-ubiquitination and degradation. Contrary to the effect of NEDD4-1, CNrasGEF downregulation promoted cell migration and invasion, while its overexpression inhibited them. Importantly, downregulation of CNrasGEF facilitated the effect of NEDD4-1-induced cell migration and invasion. Interestingly, aberrant up-regulated NEDD4-1 showed reverse correlation with CNrasGEF protein level but not with its mRNA level in glioma tissues. Combined with the in vitro results, the result of glioma tissues indicated post-translationally modification effect of NEDD4-1 on CNrasGEF. Our study suggests that NEDD4-1 regulates cell migration and invasion through ubiquitination of CNrasGEF in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenchen Nie
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gentang Zhang
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huaibing Wu
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiong Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Lab of Neurosurgery, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Chen
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhijun Ding
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiuping Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Lab of Neurosurgery, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail: (RY); (XZ)
| | - Rutong Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Lab of Neurosurgery, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail: (RY); (XZ)
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59
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RSK2 regulates endocytosis of FGF receptor 1 by phosphorylation on serine 789. Oncogene 2013; 33:4823-36. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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60
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Annenkov A. Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signalling in the control of neural stem and progenitor cell (NSPC) development. Mol Neurobiol 2013; 49:440-71. [PMID: 23982746 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-013-8532-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Important developmental responses are elicited in neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPC) by activation of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK), including the fibroblast growth factor receptors, epidermal growth factor receptor, platelet-derived growth factor receptors and insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R). Signalling through these RTK is necessary and sufficient for driving a number of developmental processes in the central nervous system. Within each of the four RTK families discussed here, receptors are activated by sets of ligands that do not cross-activate receptors of the other three families, and therefore, their activation can be independently regulated by ligand availability. These RTK pathways converge on a conserved core of signalling molecules, but differences between the receptors in utilisation of signalling molecules and molecular adaptors for intracellular signal propagation become increasingly apparent. Intracellular inhibitors of RTK signalling are widely involved in the regulation of developmental signalling in NSPC and often determine developmental outcomes of RTK activation. In addition, cellular responses of NSPC to the activation of a given RTK may be significantly modulated by signal strength. Cellular propensity to respond also plays a role in developmental outcomes of RTK signalling. In combination, these mechanisms regulate the balance between NSPC maintenance and differentiation during development and in adulthood. Attribution of particular developmental responses of NSPC to specific pathways of RTK signalling becomes increasingly elucidated. Co-activation of several RTK in developing NSPC is common, and analysis of co-operation between their signalling pathways may advance knowledge of RTK role in NSPC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Annenkov
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, William Harvey Research Institute, Bart's and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK,
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61
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Generation and interpretation of FGF morphogen gradients in vertebrates. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2013; 23:415-22. [PMID: 23669552 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2013.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Signalling via fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) is involved in multiple aspects of vertebrate development. In several instances FGFs act as morphogens, that is secreted signalling molecules that encode positional information in their graded distribution throughout their target tissue. In recent years, work in the zebrafish model system has been instrumental in addressing the cell biological basis of FGF morphogen gradient formation and interpretation. These experiments have benefitted from the optical properties of the zebrafish embryo that render this vertebrate organism particularly suited for advanced microscopic and biophysical approaches.
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62
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Abstract
Endocytosis is the major regulator of signaling from receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). The canonical model of RTK endocytosis involves rapid internalization of an RTK activated by ligand binding at the cell surface and subsequent sorting of internalized ligand-RTK complexes to lysosomes for degradation. Activation of the intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity of RTKs results in autophosphorylation, which is mechanistically coupled to the recruitment of adaptor proteins and conjugation of ubiquitin to RTKs. Ubiquitination serves to mediate interactions of RTKs with sorting machineries both at the cell surface and on endosomes. The pathways and kinetics of RTK endocytic trafficking, molecular mechanisms underlying sorting processes, and examples of deviations from the standard trafficking itinerary in the RTK family are discussed in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Kuan Goh
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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63
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Wiszniak S, Lumb R, Kabbara S, Scherer M, Schwarz Q. Li-gazing at the crest: modulation of the neural crest by the ubiquitin pathway. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2013; 45:1087-91. [PMID: 23458963 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Neural crest cells are a transient population of stem cells that give rise to a diverse range of cell types during embryonic development. Through gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies in several model organisms many key signalling pathways and cell-type specific transcription factors essential for neural crest cell development have been identified. However, the role of post-translational regulation remains largely unexplored. Here we review this cell type with a foray into the known and potential roles of the ubiquitination pathway in key signalling events during neural crest cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Wiszniak
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide 5000, Australia
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64
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Breaking it down: the ubiquitin proteasome system in neuronal morphogenesis. Neural Plast 2013; 2013:196848. [PMID: 23476809 PMCID: PMC3586504 DOI: 10.1155/2013/196848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is most widely known for its role in intracellular protein degradation; however, in the decades since its discovery, ubiquitination has been associated with the regulation of a wide variety of cellular processes. The addition of ubiquitin tags, either as single moieties or as polyubiquitin chains, has been shown not only to mediate degradation by the proteasome and the lysosome, but also to modulate protein function, localization, and endocytosis. The UPS plays a particularly important role in neurons, where local synthesis and degradation work to balance synaptic protein levels at synapses distant from the cell body. In recent years, the UPS has come under increasing scrutiny in neurons, as elements of the UPS have been found to regulate such diverse neuronal functions as synaptic strength, homeostatic plasticity, axon guidance, and neurite outgrowth. Here we focus on recent advances detailing the roles of the UPS in regulating the morphogenesis of axons, dendrites, and dendritic spines, with an emphasis on E3 ubiquitin ligases and their identified regulatory targets.
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65
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Nagpal P, Plant PJ, Correa J, Bain A, Takeda M, Kawabe H, Rotin D, Bain JR, Batt JAE. The ubiquitin ligase Nedd4-1 participates in denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in mice. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46427. [PMID: 23110050 PMCID: PMC3482220 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is a consequence of muscle inactivity resulting from denervation, unloading and immobility. It accompanies many chronic disease states and also occurs as a pathophysiologic consequence of normal aging. In all these conditions, ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis is a key regulator of the loss of muscle mass, and ubiquitin ligases confer specificity to this process by interacting with, and linking ubiquitin moieties to target substrates through protein∶protein interaction domains. Our previous work suggested that the ubiquitin-protein ligase Nedd4-1 is a potential mediator of skeletal muscle atrophy associated with inactivity (denervation, unloading and immobility). Here we generated a novel tool, the Nedd4-1 skeletal muscle-specific knockout mouse (myoCre;Nedd4-1flox/flox) and subjected it to a well validated model of denervation induced skeletal muscle atrophy. The absence of Nedd4-1 resulted in increased weights and cross-sectional area of type II fast twitch fibres of denervated gastrocnemius muscle compared with wild type littermates controls, at seven and fourteen days following tibial nerve transection. These effects are not mediated by the Nedd4-1 substrates MTMR4, FGFR1 and Notch-1. These results demonstrate that Nedd4-1 plays an important role in mediating denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in vivo.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blotting, Western
- Cells, Cultured
- Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport/genetics
- Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport/metabolism
- Female
- Immunohistochemistry
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle Denervation
- Muscular Atrophy/genetics
- Muscular Atrophy/metabolism
- Myoblasts/cytology
- Myoblasts/metabolism
- Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor/genetics
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor/metabolism
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1/metabolism
- Receptor, Notch1/genetics
- Receptor, Notch1/metabolism
- Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle/cytology
- Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle/metabolism
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Preena Nagpal
- Keenan Research Centre of the LiKaShing Knowledge Institute, St Michaels Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Science Division, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pamela J. Plant
- Keenan Research Centre of the LiKaShing Knowledge Institute, St Michaels Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Judy Correa
- Keenan Research Centre of the LiKaShing Knowledge Institute, St Michaels Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexandra Bain
- Clinical Science Division, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michiko Takeda
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Kawabe
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Daniela Rotin
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James R. Bain
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jane A. E. Batt
- Keenan Research Centre of the LiKaShing Knowledge Institute, St Michaels Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Science Division, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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66
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Rotin D, Staub O. Nedd4-2 and the regulation of epithelial sodium transport. Front Physiol 2012; 3:212. [PMID: 22737130 PMCID: PMC3380336 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2012.00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nedd4-2 is a ubiquitin ligase previously demonstrated to regulate endocytosis and lysosomal degradation of the epithelial Na(+) channel (ENaC) and other ion channels and transporters. Recent studies using Nedd4-2 knockout mice specifically in kidney or lung epithelia has revealed a critical role for this E3 ubiquitin ligase in regulating salt and fluid transport in these tissues/organs and in maintaining homeostasis of body blood pressure. Interestingly, the primary targets for Nedd4-2 may differ in these two organs: in the lung Nedd4-2 targets ENaC, and loss of Nedd4-2 leads to excessive ENaC function and to cystic fibrosis - like lung disease, whereas in the kidney, Nedd4-2 targets the Na(+)/Cl(-) cotransporter (NCC) in addition to targeting ENaC. In accord, loss of Nedd4-2 in the distal nephron leads to increased NCC abundance and function. The aldosterone-responsive kinase, Sgk1, appears to be involved in the regulation of NCC by Nedd4-2 in the kidney, similar to its regulation of ENaC. Collectively, these new findings underscore the physiological importance of Nedd4-2 in regulating epithelial salt and fluid transport and balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rotin
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Biochemistry Department, University of Toronto Toronto, ON, Canada
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Hayashi M, Pluchinotta M, Momiyama A, Tanaka Y, Nishikawa SI, Kataoka H. Endothelialization and altered hematopoiesis by persistent Etv2 expression in mice. Exp Hematol 2012; 40:738-750.e11. [PMID: 22659386 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2012.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Etv2 is a master gene for the commitment of hematopoietic/endothelial cells and is a potent inducer of endothelial/hematopoietic cells from embryonic stem cells. Etv2 is highly expressed in endothelial/hematopoietic precursors but is downregulated when they are differentiated, indicating that Etv2 should have transient but not constitutive function. However, relatively little attention has been paid to the importance of transient Etv2 expression. To determine whether transient Etv2 expression is essential to normal development and cell differentiation, we generated mice that constitutively express Etv2 from a Cre-activatable ROSA26 locus in endothelial/hematopoietic, somite, or neuronal lineages. Constitutive Etv2 expression caused profound phenotypes in hematopoietic/endothelial cells, with little effect on somite or neuronal lineages. In hematopoietic/endothelial lineages, constitutive Etv2 expression induced by Tie-2 Cre transgene caused abnormal yolk sac vasculature. Prolonged vascular endothelial cadherin expression and decreased B lymphopoiesis were observed in Etv2 expressing vascular endothelial cadherin(+)/CD45(+) cells, indicating that Etv2 forces endothelial program on hematopoietic cells. Etv2 expression in adult hematopoietic cells by Vav-iCre transgene also conferred an endothelial phenotype on hematopoietic stem cells and suppressed hematopoiesis, with erythropoiesis severely affected. We conclude that constitutive Etv2 expression perturbs vascular development and hematopoiesis. While promoting hematopoiesis/vasculogenesis, Etv2 expression should be tightly regulated to achieve normal vascular development and hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misato Hayashi
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Japan
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