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Lizák B, Szarka A, Kim Y, Choi KS, Németh CE, Marcolongo P, Benedetti A, Bánhegyi G, Margittai É. Glucose Transport and Transporters in the Endomembranes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235898. [PMID: 31771288 PMCID: PMC6929180 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose is a basic nutrient in most of the creatures; its transport through biological membranes is an absolute requirement of life. This role is fulfilled by glucose transporters, mediating the transport of glucose by facilitated diffusion or by secondary active transport. GLUT (glucose transporter) or SLC2A (Solute carrier 2A) families represent the main glucose transporters in mammalian cells, originally described as plasma membrane transporters. Glucose transport through intracellular membranes has not been elucidated yet; however, glucose is formed in the lumen of various organelles. The glucose-6-phosphatase system catalyzing the last common step of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis generates glucose within the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. Posttranslational processing of the oligosaccharide moiety of glycoproteins also results in intraluminal glucose formation in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi. Autophagic degradation of polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids leads to glucose accumulation in lysosomes. Despite the obvious necessity, the mechanism of glucose transport and the molecular nature of mediating proteins in the endomembranes have been hardly elucidated for the last few years. However, recent studies revealed the intracellular localization and functional features of some glucose transporters; the aim of the present paper was to summarize the collected knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beáta Lizák
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.L.); (C.E.N.); (G.B.)
| | - András Szarka
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Yejin Kim
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (Y.K.); (K.-s.C.)
| | - Kyu-sung Choi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (Y.K.); (K.-s.C.)
| | - Csilla E. Németh
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.L.); (C.E.N.); (G.B.)
| | - Paola Marcolongo
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (P.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Angelo Benedetti
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (P.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Gábor Bánhegyi
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.L.); (C.E.N.); (G.B.)
| | - Éva Margittai
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (Y.K.); (K.-s.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-459-1500 (ext. 60311); Fax: +36-1-2662615
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Demo E, Rigelsky C, Rideout AL, Graf M, Pariani M, Regalado E, MacCarrick G. Genetics and Precision Medicine: Heritable Thoracic Aortic Disease. Med Clin North Am 2019; 103:1005-1019. [PMID: 31582001 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcna.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Heritable thoracic aortic disease (HTAD) can have life-threatening consequences if not diagnosed early. Affected individuals and at-risk family members benefit from both cardiology and genetic evaluations, including genetic testing. Important information can be obtained through family history, medical history, and genetic testing to help guide management and assess risk. A genetic diagnosis can guide cardiovascular management (type and frequency of vascular imaging, timing of surgical intervention), risk assessment for arterial aneurysm/dissection, evaluation of nonvascular features, and familial testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Demo
- Sibley Heart Center Cardiology, 2835 Brandywine Road, Suite 300, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Christina Rigelsky
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, NE50, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Andrea L Rideout
- IWK Health Centre, 5850 University Avenue, PO Box 9700, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3K 6R8, Canada
| | - Madeline Graf
- Stanford Health Care, 900 Blake Wilbur Drive, 3rd floor, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mitchel Pariani
- Stanford School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, 2nd Floor, Room H2157, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Gretchen MacCarrick
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Blalock 1008, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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53
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Isolated abdominal aortic tortuosity diagnosed by fetal echocardiography. J Echocardiogr 2019; 19:60-62. [PMID: 31494840 DOI: 10.1007/s12574-019-00441-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Dodge-Khatami J, Simpson SA, Dodge-Khatami A. A Severe Form of Arterial Tortuosity Syndrome Presenting With Significant Airway Obstruction in an Infant. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 2019; 11:238-240. [PMID: 31088211 DOI: 10.1177/2150135119829009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We describe a severe form of arterial tortuosity syndrome in a newborn, in which the tortuous course of the aorta masqueraded as a pulmonary artery sling on fetal echocardiogram. The newborn presented with respiratory distress after birth. The clinical course was complicated by extrinsic airway obstruction requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Timely diagnostic work-up in patients with arterial tortuosity syndrome is necessary to plan eventual intervention, and hopefully to prevent complications related to the abnormal vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannika Dodge-Khatami
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Heart Center, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Scott A Simpson
- Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Heart Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.,Pediatric and Fetal Cardiology, Children's Heart Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Ali Dodge-Khatami
- Division of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery, Children's Heart Center, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Ciurică S, Lopez-Sublet M, Loeys BL, Radhouani I, Natarajan N, Vikkula M, Maas AH, Adlam D, Persu A. Arterial Tortuosity. Hypertension 2019; 73:951-960. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.11647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simina Ciurică
- From the Cardiology Department, Marie Curie Civil Hospital, CHU Charleroi, Lodelinsart, Belgium (S.C.)
| | - Marilucy Lopez-Sublet
- Department of Internal Medicine, ESH Hypertension Excellence Centre (M.L.-S.), CHU Avicenne, AP-HP, Bobigny, France
| | - Bart L. Loeys
- Cardiogenetics, Center for Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp/Antwerp University Hospital, Belgium (B.L.L.)
| | | | - Nalin Natarajan
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom (N.N., D.A.)
| | - Miikka Vikkula
- Human Molecular Genetics, de Duve Institute (M.V.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Angela H.E.M. Maas
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, The Netherlands (A.H.E.M.M.)
| | - David Adlam
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom (N.N., D.A.)
| | - Alexandre Persu
- Division of Cardiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc and Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (A.P.), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Kindi HNA, Elsawy A, Fahmi YR, Gamrah MA, Romeih S, Aguib H, H Yacoub M. Progression of arterial toursosity syndrome to multiple aneurysms: Role of defining aortic flow and biomechanics. Glob Cardiol Sci Pract 2019; 2019:8. [PMID: 31024950 PMCID: PMC6472692 DOI: 10.21542/gcsp.2019.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial tortuosity syndrome (ATS) is a rare aortopathy characterized by multiple areas of tortuosity, stenosis and aneurysms in large and mid-sized arteries. The management of this syndrome is challenging because its complexity and variability in presentation and progression require a thorough understanding of the biological and biomechanical changes that occur in the arterial system. Here we describe, for the first time, the progression of this disease diagnosed in a 3-year old girl and the use of modern imaging modalities including cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) 4D Flow, 3D modeling, and computational fluid dynamic simulation to characterize the complex aortic flow and its biomechanics. The integration of these modalities with the clinical evaluation will help in our understanding of this disease and provide patient-specific management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamood N Al Kindi
- Aswan Heart Center, Aswan, Egypt.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Magdi H Yacoub
- Aswan Heart Center, Aswan, Egypt.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London, UK
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Bascom R, Schubart JR, Mills S, Smith T, Zukley LM, Francomano CA, McDonnell N. Heritable disorders of connective tissue: Description of a data repository and initial cohort characterization. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 179:552-560. [PMID: 30706611 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We describe a data repository on heritable disorders of connective tissue (HDCT) assembled by the National Institutes of Health's National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural Research Program between 2001 and 2013. Participants included affected persons with a wide range of heritable connective tissue phenotypes, and unaffected family members. Elements include comprehensive history and physical examination, standardized laboratory data, physiologic measures and imaging, standardized patient-reported outcome measures, and an extensive linked biorepository. The NIA made a commitment to make the repository available to extramural investigators and deposited samples at Coriell Tissue Repository (N = 126) and GenTAC registry (N = 132). The clinical dataset was transferred to Penn State University College of Medicine Clinical and Translational Science Institute in 2016, and data elements inventoried. The consented cohort of 1,009 participants averaged 39 ± 18 years (mean ± SD, range 2-95) at consent; gender distribution is 71% F and 83% self-report Caucasian ethnicity. Diagnostic categories include Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (classical N = 50, hypermobile N = 99, vascular N = 101, rare types and unclassified N = 178), Marfan syndrome (N = 33), Stickler syndrome (N = 60), fibromuscular dysplasia (N = 135), Other HDCT (N = 72). Unaffected family members (N = 218) contributed DNA for the molecular archive only. We aim to develop further discrete data from unstructured elements, analyze multisymptom HDCT manifestations, encourage data use by other researchers and thereby better understand the complexity of these high-morbidity conditions and their multifaceted effects on affected persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Bascom
- Department of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Jane R Schubart
- Department of Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Susan Mills
- Department of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.,National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Thomas Smith
- National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Linda M Zukley
- National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Clair A Francomano
- National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland.,Ehlers-Danlos Society Center for Clinical Care and Research, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Nazli McDonnell
- National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland.,Veteran's Administration, Eastern Colorado Health System, Denver, Colorado
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