51
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Ding H, Hu X, Xu X, Zhang G, Gong D. Inhibitory mechanism of two allosteric inhibitors, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid on α-glucosidase. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 107:1844-1855. [PMID: 29030193 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Glycemic control which can be efficaciously regulated by inhibiting α-glucosidase activity is an effective therapy for diabetes mellitus. This work is to investigate the kinetics and inhibition mechanism of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid on α-glucosidase. Oleanolic acid and ursolic acid exhibited potent inhibitory activities with IC50 values of (6.35±0.02)×10-6 and (1.69±0.03)×10-5molL-1 respectively in a reversible and non-competitive manner. Both of them binding to α-glucosidase induced the conformational change and intrinsic fluorescence quenching of α-glucosidase. The binding constants of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid with α-glucosidase at 298K were (2.04±0.02)×103 and (1.87±0.02)×103Lmol-1, respectively. Docking results showed that oleanolic acid and ursolic acid bound in different allosteric sites of cavity 2 and cavity 4 on α-glucosidase, respectively, which triggered allosteric regulation to perturb conformational dynamics of α-glucosidase, eventually leading to a decrease of catalytic activity of the enzyme. The substrate was not catalyzed by α-glucosidase to generate further products due to formation of a nonreactive ternary complex of oleanolic acid- or ursolic acid-α-glucosidase-substrate. The combination of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid displayed a significant synergistic inhibition on α-glucosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huafang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Ximing Xu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, School of Electrical and Info- rmation Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Guowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Deming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; New Zealand Institute of Natural Medicine Research, 8 Ha Crescent, Auckland 2104, New Zealand
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Abstract
Pharmacological chaperones (PCs) are small molecules that bind to nascent protein targets to facilitate their biogenesis. The ability of PCs to assist in the folding and subsequent forward trafficking of disease-causative protein misfolding mutants has opened new avenues for the treatment of conformational diseases such as cystic fibrosis and lysosomal storage disorders. In this chapter, an overview of the use of PCs for the treatment of conformational disorders is provided. Beyond the therapeutic application of PCs for the treatment of these disorders, pharmacological chaperoning of wild-type integral membrane proteins is discussed. Central to this discussion is the notion that the endoplasmic reticulum is a reservoir of viable but inefficiently processed wild-type protein folding intermediates whose biogenesis can be facilitated by PCs to increase functional pools. To date, the potential therapeutic use of PCs to enhance the biogenesis of wild-type proteins has received little attention. Here the rationale for the development of PCs that target WT proteins is discussed. Also considered is the likelihood that some commonly used therapeutic agents may exert unrecognized pharmacological chaperoning activity on wild-type targets in patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy J Leidenheimer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center - Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
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53
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Gámez A, Yuste-Checa P, Brasil S, Briso-Montiano Á, Desviat L, Ugarte M, Pérez-Cerdá C, Pérez B. Protein misfolding diseases: Prospects of pharmacological treatment. Clin Genet 2017; 93:450-458. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.13088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Gámez
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
| | - P. Yuste-Checa
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
| | - S. Brasil
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
| | - Á. Briso-Montiano
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
| | - L.R. Desviat
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
| | - M. Ugarte
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
| | - C. Pérez-Cerdá
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
| | - B. Pérez
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria IdiPAZ; Madrid Spain
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D'Alonzo D, De Fenza M, Porto C, Iacono R, Huebecker M, Cobucci-Ponzano B, Priestman DA, Platt F, Parenti G, Moracci M, Palumbo G, Guaragna A. N-Butyl-l-deoxynojirimycin (l-NBDNJ): Synthesis of an Allosteric Enhancer of α-Glucosidase Activity for the Treatment of Pompe Disease. J Med Chem 2017; 60:9462-9469. [PMID: 29112434 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The highly stereocontrolled de novo synthesis of l-NBDNJ (the unnatural enantiomer of the iminosugar drug Miglustat) and a preliminary evaluation of its chaperoning potential are herein reported. l-NBDNJ is able to enhance lysosomal α-glucosidase levels in Pompe disease fibroblasts, either when administered singularly or when coincubated with the recombinant human α-glucosidase. In addition, differently from its d-enantiomer, l-NBDNJ does not act as a glycosidase inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele D'Alonzo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II , via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria De Fenza
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II , via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Caterina Porto
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II , Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberta Iacono
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Mylene Huebecker
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford , Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, U.K
| | - Beatrice Cobucci-Ponzano
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - David A Priestman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford , Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, U.K
| | - Frances Platt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford , Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, U.K
| | - Giancarlo Parenti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II , Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine , Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Marco Moracci
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy.,Department of Biology, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II , via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanni Palumbo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II , via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Annalisa Guaragna
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II , via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
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55
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Spratley SJ, Deane JE. New therapeutic approaches for Krabbe disease: The potential of pharmacological chaperones. J Neurosci Res 2017; 94:1203-19. [PMID: 27638604 PMCID: PMC5031207 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Missense mutations in the lysosomal hydrolase β‐galactocerebrosidase (GALC) account for at least 40% of known cases of Krabbe disease (KD). Most of these missense mutations are predicted to disrupt the fold of the enzyme, preventing GALC in sufficient amounts from reaching its site of action in the lysosome. The predominant central nervous system (CNS) pathology and the absence of accumulated primary substrate within the lysosome mean that strategies used to treat other lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are insufficient in KD, highlighting the still unmet clinical requirement for successful KD therapeutics. Pharmacological chaperone therapy (PCT) is one strategy being explored to overcome defects in GALC caused by missense mutations. In recent studies, several small‐molecule inhibitors have been identified as promising chaperone candidates for GALC. This Review discusses new insights gained from these studies and highlights the importance of characterizing both the chaperone interaction and the underlying mutation to define properly a responsive population and to improve the translation of existing lead molecules into successful KD therapeutics. We also highlight the importance of using multiple complementary methods to monitor PCT effectiveness. Finally, we explore the exciting potential of using combination therapy to ameliorate disease through the use of PCT with existing therapies or with more generalized therapeutics, such as proteasomal inhibition, that have been shown to have synergistic effects in other LSDs. This, alongside advances in CNS delivery of recombinant enzyme and targeted rational drug design, provides a promising outlook for the development of KD therapeutics. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Neuroscience Research Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Spratley
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Department of Pathology University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Janet E Deane
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Department of Pathology University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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56
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Structure of human lysosomal acid α-glucosidase-a guide for the treatment of Pompe disease. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1111. [PMID: 29061980 PMCID: PMC5653652 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01263-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pompe disease, a rare lysosomal storage disease caused by deficiency of the lysosomal acid α-glucosidase (GAA), is characterized by glycogen accumulation, triggering severe secondary cellular damage and resulting in progressive motor handicap and premature death. Numerous disease-causing mutations in the gaa gene have been reported, but the structural effects of the pathological variants were unknown. Here we present the high-resolution crystal structures of recombinant human GAA (rhGAA), the standard care of Pompe disease. These structures portray the unbound form of rhGAA and complexes thereof with active site-directed inhibitors, providing insight into substrate recognition and the molecular framework for the rationalization of the deleterious effects of disease-causing mutations. Furthermore, we report the structure of rhGAA in complex with the allosteric pharmacological chaperone N-acetylcysteine, which reveals the stabilizing function of this chaperone at the structural level. Pompe disease is caused by mutations in lysosomal acid α-glucosidase (GAA) and patients are being treated with recombinant human α-glucosidase (rhGAA). Here the authors present the crystal structures of rhGAA and its complexes with inhibitors and a pharmacological chaperone, which is important for drug development.
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57
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Mohamed FE, Al-Gazali L, Al-Jasmi F, Ali BR. Pharmaceutical Chaperones and Proteostasis Regulators in the Therapy of Lysosomal Storage Disorders: Current Perspective and Future Promises. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:448. [PMID: 28736525 PMCID: PMC5500627 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Different approaches have been utilized or proposed for the treatment of lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) including enzyme replacement and hematopoietic stem cell transplant therapies, both aiming to compensate for the enzymatic loss of the underlying mutated lysosomal enzymes. However, these approaches have their own limitations and therefore the vast majority of LSDs are either still untreatable or their treatments are inadequate. Missense mutations affecting enzyme stability, folding and cellular trafficking are common in LSDs resulting often in low protein half-life, premature degradation, aggregation and retention of the mutant proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum. Small molecular weight compounds such as pharmaceutical chaperones (PCs) and proteostasis regulators have been in recent years to be promising approaches for overcoming some of these protein processing defects. These compounds are thought to enhance lysosomal enzyme activity by specific binding to the mutated enzyme or by manipulating components of the proteostasis pathways promoting protein stability, folding and trafficking and thus enhancing and restoring some of the enzymatic activity of the mutated protein in lysosomes. Multiple compounds have already been approved for clinical use to treat multiple LSDs like migalastat in the treatment of Fabry disease and others are currently under research or in clinical trials such as Ambroxol hydrochloride and Pyrimethamine. In this review, we are presenting a general overview of LSDs, their molecular and cellular bases, and focusing on recent advances on targeting and manipulation proteostasis, including the use of PCs and proteostasis regulators, as therapeutic targets for some LSDs. In addition, we present the successes, limitations and future perspectives in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fedah E Mohamed
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lihadh Al-Gazali
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatma Al-Jasmi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bassam R Ali
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain, United Arab Emirates.,Zayed Bin Sultan Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates UniversityAl-Ain, United Arab Emirates
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58
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Tshililo NO, Strazzulli A, Cobucci-Ponzano B, Maurelli L, Iacono R, Bedini E, Corsaro MM, Strauss E, Moracci M. The α-Thioglycoligase Derived from a GH89 α-N-Acetylglucosaminidase Synthesises α-N-Acetylglucosamine-Based Glycosides of Biomedical Interest. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201601091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ndivhuwo Olga Tshililo
- Department of Biochemistry; Stellenbosch University; Private Bag X1 7602 Matieland South Africa
| | - Andrea Strazzulli
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources - National Research Council of Italy; Via P. Castellino 111 80131 Naples Italy
| | - Beatrice Cobucci-Ponzano
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources - National Research Council of Italy; Via P. Castellino 111 80131 Naples Italy
| | - Luisa Maurelli
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources - National Research Council of Italy; Via P. Castellino 111 80131 Naples Italy
| | - Roberta Iacono
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources - National Research Council of Italy; Via P. Castellino 111 80131 Naples Italy
| | - Emiliano Bedini
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Naples “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo; Via Cupa Nuova Cinthia 21 80126 Napoli Italy
| | - Maria Michela Corsaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Naples “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo; Via Cupa Nuova Cinthia 21 80126 Napoli Italy
| | - Erick Strauss
- Department of Biochemistry; Stellenbosch University; Private Bag X1 7602 Matieland South Africa
| | - Marco Moracci
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources - National Research Council of Italy; Via P. Castellino 111 80131 Naples Italy
- Department of Biology; University of Naples “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo; Via Cupa Nuova Cinthia 21 80126 Napoli Italy
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59
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Stütz AE, Wrodnigg TM. Carbohydrate-Processing Enzymes of the Lysosome: Diseases Caused by Misfolded Mutants and Sugar Mimetics as Correcting Pharmacological Chaperones. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 2016; 73:225-302. [PMID: 27816107 DOI: 10.1016/bs.accb.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases are hereditary disorders caused by mutations on genes encoding for one of the more than fifty lysosomal enzymes involved in the highly ordered degradation cascades of glycans, glycoconjugates, and other complex biomolecules in the lysosome. Several of these metabolic disorders are associated with the absence or the lack of activity of carbohydrate-processing enzymes in this cell compartment. In a recently introduced therapy concept, for susceptible mutants, small substrate-related molecules (so-called pharmacological chaperones), such as reversible inhibitors of these enzymes, may serve as templates for the correct folding and transport of the respective protein mutant, thus improving its concentration and, consequently, its enzymatic activity in the lysosome. Carbohydrate-processing enzymes in the lysosome, related lysosomal diseases, and the scope and limitations of reported reversible inhibitors as pharmacological chaperones are discussed with a view to possibly extending and improving research efforts in this area of orphan diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold E Stütz
- Glycogroup, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Tanja M Wrodnigg
- Glycogroup, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
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60
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Affiliation(s)
- Saida Ortolano
- Group of Neonatal Pathology, Pediatrics and Rare Diseases, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur, Vigo, Spain
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61
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Yue WW. From structural biology to designing therapy for inborn errors of metabolism. J Inherit Metab Dis 2016; 39:489-98. [PMID: 27240455 PMCID: PMC4920855 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-016-9923-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
At the SSIEM Symposium in Istanbul 2010, I presented an overview of protein structural approaches in the study of inborn errors of metabolism (Yue and Oppermann 2011). Five years on, the field is going strong with new protein structures, uncovered catalytic functions and novel chemical matters for metabolic enzymes, setting the stage for the next generation of drug discovery. This article aims to update on recent advances and lessons learnt on inborn errors of metabolism via the protein-centric approach, citing examples of work from my group, collaborators and co-workers that cover diverse pathways of transsulfuration, cobalamin and glycogen metabolism. Taking into consideration that many inborn errors of metabolism result in the loss of enzyme function, this presentation aims to outline three key principles that guide the design of small molecule therapy in this technically challenging field: (1) integrating structural, biochemical and cell-based data to evaluate the wide spectrum of mutation-driven enzyme defects in stability, catalysis and protein-protein interaction; (2) studying multi-domain proteins and multi-protein complexes as examples from nature, to learn how enzymes are activated by small molecules; (3) surveying different regions of the enzyme, away from its active site, that can be targeted for the design of allosteric activators and inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wyatt W Yue
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK.
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62
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Macauley SL. Combination Therapies for Lysosomal Storage Diseases: A Complex Answer to a Simple Problem. PEDIATRIC ENDOCRINOLOGY REVIEWS : PER 2016; 13 Suppl 1:639-648. [PMID: 27491211 PMCID: PMC5374980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are a group of 40-50 rare monogenic disorders that result in disrupted lysosomal function and subsequent lysosomal pathology. Depending on the protein or enzyme deficiency associated with each disease, LSDs affect an array of organ systems and elicit a complex set of secondary disease mechanisms that make many of these disorders difficult to fully treat. The etiology of most LSDs is known and the innate biology of lysosomal enzymes favors therapeutic intervention, yet most attempts at treating LSDs with enzyme replacement strategies fall short of being curative. Even with the advent of more sophisticated approaches, like substrate reduction therapy, pharmacologic chaperones, gene therapy or stem cell therapy, comprehensive treatments for LSDs have yet to be achieved. Given the limitations with individual therapies, recent research has focused on using a combination approach to treat LSDs. By coupling protein-, cell-, and gene- based therapies with small molecule drugs, researchers have found greater success in eradicating the clinical features of disease. This review seeks to discuss the positive and negatives of singular therapies used to treat LSDs, and discuss how, in combination, studies have demonstrated a more holistic benefit on pathological and functional parameters. By optimizing routes of delivery, therapeutic timing, and targeting secondary disease mechanisms, combination therapy represents the future for LSD treatment.
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63
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Doerfler PA, Nayak S, Corti M, Morel L, Herzog RW, Byrne BJ. Targeted approaches to induce immune tolerance for Pompe disease therapy. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2016; 3:15053. [PMID: 26858964 PMCID: PMC4729315 DOI: 10.1038/mtm.2015.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme and gene replacement strategies have developed into viable therapeutic approaches for the treatment of Pompe disease (acid α-glucosidase (GAA) deficiency). Unfortunately, the introduction of GAA and viral vectors encoding the enzyme can lead to detrimental immune responses that attenuate treatment benefits and can impact patient safety. Preclinical and clinical experience in addressing humoral responses toward enzyme and gene therapy for Pompe disease have provided greater understanding of the immunological consequences of the provided therapy. B- and T-cell modulation has been shown to be effective in preventing infusion-associated reactions during enzyme replacement therapy in patients and has shown similar success in the context of gene therapy. Additional techniques to induce humoral tolerance for Pompe disease have been the targeted expression or delivery of GAA to discrete cell types or tissues such as the gut-associated lymphoid tissues, red blood cells, hematopoietic stem cells, and the liver. Research into overcoming preexisting immunity through immunomodulation and gene transfer are becoming increasingly important to achieve long-term efficacy. This review highlights the advances in therapies as well as the improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the humoral immune response with emphasis on methods employed to overcome responses associated with enzyme and gene therapies for Pompe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip A Doerfler
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Sushrusha Nayak
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute , Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manuela Corti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Laurence Morel
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Roland W Herzog
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Barry J Byrne
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida, USA
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64
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Kuno S, Ogawa S. From Quercitols to Biologically Active Valienamine and Conduramine Derivatives: Development of Pharmacological Chaperones. TRENDS GLYCOSCI GLYC 2016. [DOI: 10.4052/tigg.1435.1e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Kuno
- Central Research Laboratories, Hokko Chemical Industry, Co., Ltd
| | - Seiichiro Ogawa
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University
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65
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Kuno S, Ogawa S. From Quercitols to Biologically Active Valienamine and Conduramine Derivatives: Development of Pharmacological Chaperones. TRENDS GLYCOSCI GLYC 2016. [DOI: 10.4052/tigg.1435.1j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Kuno
- Central Research Laboratories, Hokko Chemical Industry, Co., Ltd
| | - Seiichiro Ogawa
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University
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66
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Javaid K, Saad SM, Rasheed S, Moin ST, Syed N, Fatima I, Salar U, Khan KM, Perveen S, Choudhary MI. 2-Arylquinazolin-4(3H)-ones: A new class of α-glucosidase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:7417-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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67
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Personalized Pharmacoperones for Lysosomal Storage Disorder: Approach for Next-Generation Treatment. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2015; 102:225-65. [PMID: 26827607 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are a collection of inborn errors of metabolic disorders affected by mutations in lysosome functional genes, commonly acid hydrolases. From the past decades, many approaches like enzyme replacement therapy, substrate reduction therapy are followed to treat these conditions. However, all these approaches have their own limitations. Proof-of-concept studies on pharmacological chaperone therapy (PCT) is now transformed into clinical practice to treat LSDs. Furthermore, it is narrowed with individuals to chaperone sensitive, specific mutations. Hence, personalizing the PCT will be a new direction to combat LSDs. In this review, we have discussed the available clinical strategies and pointed the light on how pharmacological chaperones can be personalized and hopeful to be a next-generation approach to address LSDs.
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Lim JA, Kakhlon O, Li L, Myerowitz R, Raben N. Pompe disease: Shared and unshared features of lysosomal storage disorders. Rare Dis 2015; 3:e1068978. [PMID: 26619007 PMCID: PMC4620984 DOI: 10.1080/21675511.2015.1068978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pompe disease, an inherited deficiency of lysosomal acid α-glucosidase (GAA), is a severe metabolic myopathy with a wide range of clinical manifestations. It is the first recognized lysosomal storage disorder and the first neuromuscular disorder for which a therapy (enzyme replacement) has been approved. As GAA is the only enzyme that hydrolyses glycogen to glucose in the acidic environment of the lysosome, its deficiency leads to glycogen accumulation within and concomitant enlargement of this organelle. Since the introduction of the therapy, the overall understanding of the disease has progressed significantly, but the pathophysiology of muscle damage is still not fully understood. The emerging complex picture of the pathological cascade involves disturbance of calcium homeostasis, mitochondrial abnormalities, dysfunctional autophagy, accumulation of toxic undegradable materials, and accelerated production of lipofuscin deposits that are unrelated to aging. The relationship of Pompe disease to other lysosomal storage disorders and potential therapeutic interventions for Pompe disease are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-A Lim
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation; National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; National Institutes of Health ; Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Or Kakhlon
- Department of Neurology; Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center ; Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lishu Li
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation; National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; National Institutes of Health ; Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Rachel Myerowitz
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation; National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; National Institutes of Health ; Bethesda, MD USA ; St. Mary's College of Maryland ; St. Mary's City, MD USA
| | - Nina Raben
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation; National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases; National Institutes of Health ; Bethesda, MD USA
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69
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Hay Mele B, Citro V, Andreotti G, Cubellis MV. Drug repositioning can accelerate discovery of pharmacological chaperones. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2015; 10:55. [PMID: 25947946 PMCID: PMC4429356 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-015-0273-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A promising strategy for the treatment of genetic diseases, pharmacological chaperone therapy, has been proposed recently. It exploits small molecules which can be administered orally, reach difficult tissues such as the brain and have low cost. This strategy has a vast field of application. In order to make drug development as fast as possible, it is important to exploit drug repositioning. We evaluated the impact and limitations of this approach for rare diseases and we provide a shortcut in finding drugs for off-target usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Hay Mele
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - Valentina Citro
- Department of Biology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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70
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Parenti G, Andria G, Valenzano KJ. Pharmacological Chaperone Therapy: Preclinical Development, Clinical Translation, and Prospects for the Treatment of Lysosomal Storage Disorders. Mol Ther 2015; 23:1138-1148. [PMID: 25881001 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2015.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are a group of inborn metabolic diseases caused by mutations in genes that encode proteins involved in different lysosomal functions, in most instances acidic hydrolases. Different therapeutic approaches have been developed to treat these disorders. Pharmacological chaperone therapy (PCT) is an emerging approach based on small-molecule ligands that selectively bind and stabilize mutant enzymes, increase their cellular levels, and improve lysosomal trafficking and activity. Compared to other approaches, PCT shows advantages, particularly in terms of oral administration, broad biodistribution, and positive impact on patients' quality of life. After preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies, PCT is now being translated in the first clinical trials, either as monotherapy or in combination with enzyme replacement therapy, for some of the most prevalent LSDs. For some LSDs, the results of the first clinical trials are encouraging and warrant further development. Future research in the field of PCT will be directed toward the identification of novel chaperones, including new allosteric drugs, and the exploitation of synergies between chaperone treatment and other therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Parenti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, Naples, Italy; Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy.
| | - Generoso Andria
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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Abstract
Pharmacological chaperone therapy is an emerging approach to treat lysosomal storage diseases. Small-molecule chaperones interact with mutant enzymes, favor their correct conformation and enhance their stability. This approach shows significant advantages when compared with existing therapies, particularly in terms of the bioavailability of drugs, oral administration and positive impact on the quality of patients' lives. On the other hand, future research in this field must confront important challenges. The identification of novel chaperones is indispensable to expanding the number of patients amenable to this treatment and to optimize therapeutic efficacy. It is important to develop new allosteric drugs, to address the risk of inhibiting target enzymes. Future research must also be directed towards the exploitation of synergies between chaperone treatment and other therapeutic approaches.
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72
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Synthesis of novel inhibitors of α-glucosidase based on the benzothiazole skeleton containing benzohydrazide moiety and their molecular docking studies. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 92:387-400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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73
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Kuno S, Higaki K, Takahashi A, Nanba E, Ogawa S. Potent chemical chaperone compounds for GM1-gangliosidosis: N-substituted (+)-conduramine F-4 derivatives. MEDCHEMCOMM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4md00270a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The development of chemical chaperones to decrease the inhibitory activity while increasing the enzyme enhancement activity is described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katsumi Higaki
- Division of Functional Genomics
- Research Center for Bioscience and Technol., Fac. of Medicine
- Tottori University
- Yonago
- 683-8503 Japan
| | | | - Eiji Nanba
- Division of Functional Genomics
- Research Center for Bioscience and Technol., Fac. of Medicine
- Tottori University
- Yonago
- 683-8503 Japan
| | - Seiichiro Ogawa
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Keio University
- Yokohama
- 223-8522 Japan
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74
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Enhancement of Thermostability and Kinetic Efficiency of Aspergillus niger PhyA Phytase by Site-Directed Mutagenesis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 175:2528-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1440-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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75
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Enzyme enhancers for the treatment of Fabry and Pompe disease. Mol Ther 2014; 23:456-64. [PMID: 25409744 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2014.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSD) are a group of heterogeneous diseases caused by compromised enzyme function leading to multiple organ failure. Therapeutic approaches involve enzyme replacement (ERT), which is effective for a substantial fraction of patients. However, there are still concerns about a number of issues including tissue penetrance, generation of host antibodies against the therapeutic enzyme, and financial aspects, which render this therapy suboptimal for many cases. Treatment with pharmacological chaperones (PC) was recognized as a possible alternative to ERT, because a great number of mutations do not completely abolish enzyme function, but rather trigger degradation in the endoplasmic reticulum. The theory behind PC is that they can stabilize enzymes with remaining function, avoid degradation and thereby ameliorate disease symptoms. We tested several compounds in order to identify novel small molecules that prevent premature degradation of the mutant lysosomal enzymes α-galactosidase A (for Fabry disease (FD)) and acid α-glucosidase (GAA) (for Pompe disease (PD)). We discovered that the expectorant Ambroxol when used in conjunction with known PC resulted in a significant enhancement of mutant α-galactosidase A and GAA activities. Rosiglitazone was effective on α-galactosidase A either as a monotherapy or when administered in combination with the PC 1-deoxygalactonojirimycin. We therefore propose both drugs as potential enhancers of pharmacological chaperones in FD and PD to improve current treatment strategies.
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76
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Parenti G, Fecarotta S, la Marca G, Rossi B, Ascione S, Donati MA, Morandi LO, Ravaglia S, Pichiecchio A, Ombrone D, Sacchini M, Pasanisi MB, De Filippi P, Danesino C, Della Casa R, Romano A, Mollica C, Rosa M, Agovino T, Nusco E, Porto C, Andria G. A chaperone enhances blood α-glucosidase activity in Pompe disease patients treated with enzyme replacement therapy. Mol Ther 2014; 22:2004-12. [PMID: 25052852 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2014.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzyme replacement therapy is currently the only approved treatment for Pompe disease, due to acid α-glucosidase deficiency. Clinical efficacy of this approach is variable, and more effective therapies are needed. We showed in preclinical studies that chaperones stabilize the recombinant enzyme used for enzyme replacement therapy. Here, we evaluated the effects of a combination of enzyme therapy and a chaperone on α-glucosidase activity in Pompe disease patients. α-Glucosidase activity was analyzed by tandem-mass spectrometry in dried blood spots from patients treated with enzyme replacement therapy, either alone or in combination with the chaperone N-butyldeoxynojirimycin given at the time of the enzyme infusion. Thirteen patients with different presentations (3 infantile-onset, 10 late-onset) were enrolled. In 11 patients, the combination treatment resulted in α-glucosidase activities greater than 1.85-fold the activities with enzyme replacement therapy alone. In the whole patient population, α-glucosidase activity was significantly increased at 12 hours (2.19-fold, P = 0.002), 24 hours (6.07-fold, P = 0.001), and 36 hours (3.95-fold, P = 0.003). The areas under the curve were also significantly increased (6.78-fold, P = 0.002). These results suggest improved stability of recombinant α-glucosidase in blood in the presence of the chaperone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Parenti
- 1] Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Sezione di Pediatria, Università "Federico II", Napoli, Italy [2] Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Napoli, Italy
| | - Simona Fecarotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Sezione di Pediatria, Università "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Giancarlo la Marca
- Dipartimento NeuroFarba Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Barbara Rossi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Napoli, Italy
| | - Serena Ascione
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Sezione di Pediatria, Università "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Alice Donati
- UO Malattie Metaboliche e Muscolari Ereditarie, Ospedale Pediatrico Meyer, Firenze, Italy
| | - Lucia Ovidia Morandi
- UO Patologia Muscolare e Neuro-immunologia, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Neurologico Besta, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Daniela Ombrone
- Dipartimento NeuroFarba Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Michele Sacchini
- UO Malattie Metaboliche e Muscolari Ereditarie, Ospedale Pediatrico Meyer, Firenze, Italy
| | - Maria Barbara Pasanisi
- UO Patologia Muscolare e Neuro-immunologia, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Neurologico Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Paola De Filippi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cesare Danesino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberto Della Casa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Sezione di Pediatria, Università "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Alfonso Romano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Sezione di Pediatria, Università "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Carmine Mollica
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy
| | - Margherita Rosa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Sezione di Pediatria, Università "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Teresa Agovino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Sezione di Pediatria, Università "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Edoardo Nusco
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Napoli, Italy
| | - Caterina Porto
- 1] Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Sezione di Pediatria, Università "Federico II", Napoli, Italy [2] Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Napoli, Italy
| | - Generoso Andria
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Sezione di Pediatria, Università "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
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77
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Lim JA, Li L, Raben N. Pompe disease: from pathophysiology to therapy and back again. Front Aging Neurosci 2014; 6:177. [PMID: 25183957 PMCID: PMC4135233 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pompe disease is a lysosomal storage disorder in which acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA) is deficient or absent. Deficiency of this lysosomal enzyme results in progressive expansion of glycogen-filled lysosomes in multiple tissues, with cardiac and skeletal muscle being the most severely affected. The clinical spectrum ranges from fatal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and skeletal muscle myopathy in infants to relatively attenuated forms, which manifest as a progressive myopathy without cardiac involvement. The currently available enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) proved to be successful in reversing cardiac but not skeletal muscle abnormalities. Although the overall understanding of the disease has progressed, the pathophysiology of muscle damage remains poorly understood. Lysosomal enlargement/rupture has long been considered a mechanism of relentless muscle damage in Pompe disease. In past years, it became clear that this simple view of the pathology is inadequate; the pathological cascade involves dysfunctional autophagy, a major lysosome-dependent intracellular degradative pathway. The autophagic process in Pompe skeletal muscle is affected at the termination stage—impaired autophagosomal-lysosomal fusion. Yet another abnormality in the diseased muscle is the accelerated production of large, unrelated to ageing, lipofuscin deposits—a marker of cellular oxidative damage and a sign of mitochondrial dysfunction. The massive autophagic buildup and lipofuscin inclusions appear to cause a greater effect on muscle architecture than the enlarged lysosomes outside the autophagic regions. Furthermore, the dysfunctional autophagy affects the trafficking of the replacement enzyme and interferes with its delivery to the lysosomes. Several new therapeutic approaches have been tested in Pompe mouse models: substrate reduction therapy, lysosomal exocytosis following the overexpression of transcription factor EB and a closely related but distinct factor E3, and genetic manipulation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-A Lim
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lishu Li
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nina Raben
- Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD, USA
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Yu Y, Mena-Barragán T, Higaki K, Johnson JL, Drury JE, Lieberman RL, Nakasone N, Ninomiya H, Tsukimura T, Sakuraba H, Suzuki Y, Nanba E, Mellet CO, García Fernández JM, Ohno K. Molecular basis of 1-deoxygalactonojirimycin arylthiourea binding to human α-galactosidase a: pharmacological chaperoning efficacy on Fabry disease mutants. ACS Chem Biol 2014; 9:1460-9. [PMID: 24783948 DOI: 10.1021/cb500143h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the GLA gene often leading to missense α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A) variants that undergo premature endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation due to folding defects. We have synthesized and characterized a new family of neutral amphiphilic pharmacological chaperones, namely 1-deoxygalactonojirimycin-arylthioureas (DGJ-ArTs), capable of stabilizing α-Gal A and restoring trafficking. Binding to the enzyme is reinforced by a strong hydrogen bond involving the aryl-N'H thiourea proton and the catalytic aspartic acid acid D231 of α-Gal A, as confirmed by a 2.55 Å resolution cocrystal structure. Selected candidates enhanced α-Gal A activity and ameliorate globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) accumulation and autophagy impairments in FD cell cultures. Moreover, they acted synergistically with the proteostasis regulator 4-phenylbutyric acid, appearing to be promising leads as pharmacological chaperones for FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- Division
of Functional Genomics, Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
- Division
of Child Neurology, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Teresa Mena-Barragán
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla 41012, Spain
| | - Katsumi Higaki
- Division
of Functional Genomics, Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Jennifer L. Johnson
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332-0400, Georgia United States
| | - Jason E. Drury
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332-0400, Georgia United States
| | - Raquel L. Lieberman
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332-0400, Georgia United States
| | - Naoe Nakasone
- Department
of Biomedical Regulation, School of Health Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Haruaki Ninomiya
- Department
of Biomedical Regulation, School of Health Science, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tsukimura
- Department
of Functional Bioanalysis, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sakuraba
- Department
of Clinical Genetics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Suzuki
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-0057, Japan
| | - Eiji Nanba
- Division
of Functional Genomics, Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Carmen Ortiz Mellet
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla 41012, Spain
| | | | - Kousaku Ohno
- Division
of Child Neurology, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
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Muntau AC, Leandro J, Staudigl M, Mayer F, Gersting SW. Innovative strategies to treat protein misfolding in inborn errors of metabolism: pharmacological chaperones and proteostasis regulators. J Inherit Metab Dis 2014; 37:505-23. [PMID: 24687294 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-014-9701-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
To attain functionality, proteins must fold into their three-dimensional native state. The intracellular balance between protein synthesis, folding, and degradation is constantly challenged by genetic or environmental stress factors. In the last ten years, protein misfolding induced by missense mutations was demonstrated to be the seminal molecular mechanism in a constantly growing number of inborn errors of metabolism. In these cases, loss of protein function results from early degradation of missense-induced misfolded proteins. Increasing knowledge on the proteostasis network and the protein quality control system with distinct mechanisms in different compartments of the cell paved the way for the development of new treatment strategies for conformational diseases using small molecules. These comprise proteostasis regulators that enhance the capacity of the proteostasis network and pharmacological chaperones that specifically bind and rescue misfolded proteins by conformational stabilization. They can be used either alone or in combination, the latter to exploit synergistic effects. Many of these small molecule compounds currently undergo preclinical and clinical pharmaceutical development and two have been approved: saproterin dihydrochloride for the treatment of phenylketonuria and tafamidis for the treatment of transthyretin-related hereditary amyloidosis. Different technologies are exploited for the discovery of new small molecule compounds that belong to the still young class of pharmaceutical products discussed here. These compounds may in the near future improve existing treatment strategies or even offer a first-time treatment to patients suffering from nowadays-untreatable inborn errors of metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ania C Muntau
- Department of Molecular Pediatrics, Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University, Lindwurmstrasse 4, 80337, Munich, Germany,
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80
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Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that misfolding of a mutant protein followed by its aggregation or premature degradation in the endoplasmic reticulum is one of the main mechanisms that underlie inherited neurodegenerative diseases, including lysosomal storage diseases. Chemical or pharmacological chaperones are small molecules that bind to and stabilize mutant lysosomal enzyme proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum. A number of chaperone compounds for lysosomal hydrolases have been identified in the last decade. They have gained attention because they can be orally administrated, and also because they can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. In this article, we describe two chaperone candidates for the treatment of GM1-gangliosidosis. We also discuss the future direction of this strategy targeting other lysosomal storage diseases as well as protein misfolding diseases in general.
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81
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Pharmacological chaperoning: a primer on mechanism and pharmacology. Pharmacol Res 2014; 83:10-9. [PMID: 24530489 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Approximately forty percent of diseases are attributable to protein misfolding, including those for which genetic mutation produces misfolding mutants. Intriguingly, many of these mutants are not terminally misfolded since native-like folding, and subsequent trafficking to functional locations, can be induced by target-specific, small molecules variably termed pharmacological chaperones, pharmacoperones, or pharmacochaperones (PCs). PC targets include enzymes, receptors, transporters, and ion channels, revealing the breadth of proteins that can be engaged by ligand-assisted folding. The purpose of this review is to provide an integrated primer of the diverse mechanisms and pharmacology of PCs. In this regard, we examine the structural mechanisms that underlie PC rescue of misfolding mutants, including the ability of PCs to act as surrogates for defective intramolecular interactions and, at the intermolecular level, overcome oligomerization deficiencies and dominant negative effects, as well as influence the subunit stoichiometry of heteropentameric receptors. Not surprisingly, PC-mediated structural correction of misfolding mutants normalizes interactions with molecular chaperones that participate in protein quality control and forward-trafficking. A variety of small molecules have proven to be efficacious PCs and the advantages and disadvantages of employing orthostatic antagonists, active-site inhibitors, orthostatic agonists, and allosteric modulator PCs are considered. Also examined is the possibility that several therapeutic agents may have unrecognized activity as PCs, and this chaperoning activity may mediate/contribute to therapeutic action and/or account for adverse effects. Lastly, we explore evidence that pharmacological chaperoning exploits intrinsic ligand-assisted folding mechanisms. Given the widespread applicability of PC rescue of mutants associated with protein folding disorders, both in vitro and in vivo, the therapeutic potential of PCs is vast. This is most evident in the treatment of lysosomal storage disorders, cystic fibrosis, and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, for which proof of principle in humans has been demonstrated.
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SUZUKI Y. Emerging novel concept of chaperone therapies for protein misfolding diseases. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2014; 90:145-62. [PMID: 24814990 PMCID: PMC4104511 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.90.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Chaperone therapy is a newly developed molecular therapeutic approach to protein misfolding diseases. Among them we found unstable mutant enzyme proteins in a few lysosomal diseases, resulting in rapid intracellular degradation and loss of function. Active-site binding low molecular competitive inhibitors (chemical chaperones) paradoxically stabilized and enhanced the enzyme activity in somatic cells by correction of the misfolding of enzyme protein. They reached the brain through the blood-brain barrier after oral administration, and corrected pathophysiology of the disease. In addition to these inhibitory chaperones, non-competitive chaperones without inhibitory bioactivity are being developed. Furthermore molecular chaperone therapy utilizing the heat shock protein and other chaperone proteins induced by small molecules has been experimentally tried to handle abnormally accumulated proteins as a new approach particularly to neurodegenerative diseases. These three types of chaperones are promising candidates for various types of diseases, genetic or non-genetic, and neurological or non-neurological, in addition to lysosomal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki SUZUKI
- Special Visiting Scientist, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan.
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83
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Chien YH, Hwu WL, Lee NC. Pompe disease: early diagnosis and early treatment make a difference. Pediatr Neonatol 2013; 54:219-27. [PMID: 23632029 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2013.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pompe disease (glycogen storage disease type II or acid maltase deficiency) is a lysosomal disorder in which acid α-glucosidase (GAA) deficiencies lead to intralysosomal accumulation of glycogen in all tissues; most notably in skeletal muscles. Both the patient's age at the onset of Pompe disease symptoms and the rate of deterioration caused by the disease can vary considerably. In classical infant-onset Pompe disease (IOPD), symptoms start very early in life, and death occurs soon afterward if the disease remains untreated. In later-onset Pompe disease, symptoms are slower to appear, and patients often progress to wheelchair confinement and eventual respiratory failure. A diagnosis can be made by screening for GAA in dried blood samples, followed either by GAA assessment in lymphocytes or in fibroblasts or by the genetic analysis of mutations. Treatment by enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with alglucosidase alfa was approved for human use in 2006. In classical IOPD, treatment significantly lengthens survival and improves motor development and cardiac function. The sooner ERT begins, the better are the results. Newborn screening aims to take advantage of different technologies for diagnosing and treating newborns early on and it yields better outcomes. However, newborns diagnosed early and other long-term survivors may encounter fresh problems, making up a new phenotype of IOPD patients. Further modifications of the treatment, such as a decrease in immune responses to ERT, a higher dosage, a better uptake formulation, and gene therapy delivered locally or systemically are being explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Hsiu Chien
- Department of Medical Genetics and Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Jenkinson SF, Best D, Saville AW, Mui J, Martínez RF, Nakagawa S, Kunimatsu T, Alonzi DS, Butters TD, Norez C, Becq F, Blériot Y, Wilson FX, Weymouth-Wilson AC, Kato A, Fleet GWJ. C-branched iminosugars: α-glucosidase inhibition by enantiomers of isoDMDP, isoDGDP, and isoDAB-L-isoDMDP compared to miglitol and miglustat. J Org Chem 2013; 78:7380-97. [PMID: 23688199 DOI: 10.1021/jo4005487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Ho crossed aldol condensation provides access to a series of carbon branched iminosugars as exemplified by the synthesis of enantiomeric pairs of isoDMDP, isoDGDP, and isoDAB, allowing comparison of their biological activities with three linear isomeric natural products DMDP, DGDP, and DAB and their enantiomers. L-IsoDMDP [(2S,3S,4R)-2,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidine-3,4-diol], prepared in 11 steps in an overall yield of 45% from d-lyxonolactone, is a potent specific competitive inhibitor of gut disaccharidases [K(i) 0.081 μM for rat intestinal maltase] and is more effective in the suppression of hyperglycaemia in a maltose loading test than miglitol, a drug presently used in the treatment of late onset diabetes. The partial rescue of the defective F508del-CFTR function in CF-KM4 cells by L-isoDMDP is compared with miglustat and isoLAB in an approach to the treatment of cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah F Jenkinson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
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Spampanato C, Feeney E, Li L, Cardone M, Lim JA, Annunziata F, Zare H, Polishchuk R, Puertollano R, Parenti G, Ballabio A, Raben N. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is a new therapeutic target for Pompe disease. EMBO Mol Med 2013; 5:691-706. [PMID: 23606558 PMCID: PMC3662313 DOI: 10.1002/emmm.201202176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A recently proposed therapeutic approach for lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) relies upon the ability of transcription factor EB (TFEB) to stimulate autophagy and induce lysosomal exocytosis leading to cellular clearance. This approach is particularly attractive in glycogen storage disease type II [a severe metabolic myopathy, Pompe disease (PD)] as the currently available therapy, replacement of the missing enzyme acid alpha-glucosidase, fails to reverse skeletal muscle pathology. PD, a paradigm for LSDs, is characterized by both lysosomal abnormality and dysfunctional autophagy. Here, we show that TFEB is a viable therapeutic target in PD: overexpression of TFEB in a new muscle cell culture system and in mouse models of the disease reduced glycogen load and lysosomal size, improved autophagosome processing, and alleviated excessive accumulation of autophagic vacuoles. Unexpectedly, the exocytosed vesicles were labelled with lysosomal and autophagosomal membrane markers, suggesting that TFEB induces exocytosis of autophagolysosomes. Furthermore, the effects of TFEB were almost abrogated in the setting of genetically suppressed autophagy, supporting the role of autophagy in TFEB-mediated cellular clearance.
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Parenti G, Pignata C, Vajro P, Salerno M. New strategies for the treatment of lysosomal storage diseases (review). Int J Mol Med 2012; 31:11-20. [PMID: 23165354 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2012.1187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are a group of inherited metabolic disorders caused by the deficiency of any of the lysosomal functions, in most cases of lysosomal hydrolases. LSDs are typically characterized by storage of a variety of substrates in multiple tissues and organs and by the variable association of unusual clinical manifestations that are often responsible for physical and neurological handicaps. During the past two decades, research in the field of LSDs has made marked progress, particularly with the development of a variety of innovative therapeutic approaches. These include several strategies aimed at increasing the residual activity of the missing enzyme, such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, enzyme replacement therapy, pharmacological chaperone therapy and gene therapy. An alternative approach is based on reducing the synthesis of the stored substrate. More recently, the improved knowledge on LSD pathophysiology has indicated additional targets of therapy. The recent progress made in the treatment of LSDs represents a good model that may be extended to other genetic disorders.
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