51
|
Lai TH, Chang FW, Lin JJ, Ling QD. Gene expression of human endometrial L-selectin ligand in relation to the phases of the natural menstrual cycle. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1443. [PMID: 29362381 PMCID: PMC5780486 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19911-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates peptide components of L-selectin ligand (LSL) and their gene expressions in human endometrium during the natural menstrual cycle. We recruited 41 endometrial samples from reproductive-aged women with leiomyoma and undergoing hysterectomy and 11 endometrial samples from menopausal women as controls. Immunohistochemistry revealed strong MECA-79 expression from the early through the mid-secretory phase and low expression in menopausal endometrium. Five peptide components of LSL were detected in reproductive and menopausal endometrium by one-step quantitative RT-PCR: podocalyxin, endomucin, nepmucin, GlyCAM-1, and CD34. Endomucin differed significantly between the proliferative and early-secretory phases. CHST2 and CHST4 genes (which are involved in the generation of LSL epitopes) were expressed without significant differences among phases. The gene expression of progesterone receptor decreased from the proliferative to the late-secretory phase, and the difference was significant. However, estrogen receptor α expression showed stability among phases. The significant expression of endomucin between the proliferative and early-secretory phases might play a vital role in endometrial receptivity. Further studies are needed to investigate the factors that regulate the expression of endomucin and other LSL peptide components in different phases of the menstrual cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Hsuan Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, 10693, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan
- Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, Taoyuan City, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Fung-Wei Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Jie Lin
- Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, Taoyuan City, 32001, Taiwan
- Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei City, 22174, Taiwan
| | - Qing-Dong Ling
- Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, Taoyuan City, 32001, Taiwan.
- Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei City, 22174, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Dhanisha SS, Guruvayoorappan C, Drishya S, Abeesh P. Mucins: Structural diversity, biosynthesis, its role in pathogenesis and as possible therapeutic targets. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017; 122:98-122. [PMID: 29458795 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucins are the main structural components of mucus that create a selective protective barrier for epithelial surface and also execute wide range of other physiological functions. Mucins can be classified into two types, namely secreted mucins and membrane bounded mucins. Alterations in mucin expression or glycosylation and mislocalization have been seen in various types of pathological conditions such as cancers, inflammatory bowel disease and ocular disease, which highlight the importance of mucin in maintaining homeostasis. Hence mucins can be used as attractive target for therapeutic intervention. In this review, we discuss in detail about the structural diversity of mucins; their biosynthesis; its role in pathogenesis; regulation and as possible therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Sulekha Dhanisha
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Medical College Campus, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Chandrasekharan Guruvayoorappan
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Medical College Campus, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, Kerala, India.
| | - Sudarsanan Drishya
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Medical College Campus, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Prathapan Abeesh
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Medical College Campus, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, Kerala, India
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Park-Windhol C, Ng YS, Yang J, Primo V, Saint-Geniez M, D'Amore PA. Endomucin inhibits VEGF-induced endothelial cell migration, growth, and morphogenesis by modulating VEGFR2 signaling. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17138. [PMID: 29215001 PMCID: PMC5719432 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16852-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is central to both normal and pathologic processes. Endothelial cells (ECs) express O-glycoproteins that are believed to play important roles in vascular development and stability. Endomucin-1 (EMCN) is a type I O-glycosylated, sialic-rich glycoprotein, specifically expressed by venous and capillary endothelium. Evidence has pointed to a potential role for EMCN in angiogenesis but it had not been directly investigated. In this study, we examined the role of EMCN in angiogenesis by modulating EMCN levels both in vivo and in vitro. Reduction of EMCN in vivo led to the impairment of angiogenesis during normal retinal development in vivo. To determine the cellular basis of this inhibition, gain- and loss-of-function studies were performed in human retinal EC (HREC) in vitro by EMCN over-expression using adenovirus or EMCN gene knockdown by siRNA. We show that EMCN knockdown reduced migration, inhibited cell growth without compromising cell survival, and suppressed tube morphogenesis of ECs, whereas over-expression of EMCN led to increased migration, proliferation and tube formation. Furthermore, knockdown of EMCN suppressed VEGF-induced signaling as measured by decreased phospho-VEGFR2, phospho-ERK1/2 and phospho-p38-MAPK levels. These results suggest a novel role for EMCN as a potent regulator of angiogenesis and point to its potential as a new therapeutic target for angiogenesis-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Park-Windhol
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yin Shan Ng
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jinling Yang
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vincent Primo
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Magali Saint-Geniez
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patricia A D'Amore
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
A function-blocking CD47 antibody modulates extracellular vesicle-mediated intercellular signaling between breast carcinoma cells and endothelial cells. J Cell Commun Signal 2017; 12:157-170. [PMID: 29188480 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-017-0428-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs) into the tumor microenvironment that may facilitate malignant progression and metastasis. Breast carcinoma EVs express high levels of the thrombospondin-1 and signal regulatory protein-α receptor CD47, which is the target of several experimental therapeutics currently in clinical trials. We analyzed changes in gene expression and function in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) induced by treatment with EVs derived from breast carcinoma cells and the effects of the function-blocking CD47 antibody B6H12 on the resulting intercellular communication. CD47+ EVs exhibited greater uptake by HUVEC compared to CD47- EVs, but the CD47 antibody did not inhibit their uptake. Global and targeted analyses of transcripts demonstrated that treatment of HUVEC with EVs derived from MDA-MB-231 breast carcinomas cells altered pathways associated with tumor necrosis factor-α signaling, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, endothelial-mesenchymal transition, and extracellular matrix. EVs from triple-negative MDA-MB-231 cells were more active than EVs from less metastatic breast carcinoma cell lines. Treatment with MDA-MB-231 EVs down-regulated VEGFR2 mRNA expression and tyrosine phosphorylation while enhancing phosphorylation of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP2. VEGFR2 expression and phosphorylation in HUVEC was further inhibited by the CD47 antibody. Consistent with the observed changes in endothelial-mesenchymal transition genes and SHP2, treatment with MDA-MB-231-derived EVs decreased Zeb1 protein levels in HUVEC, whereas the CD47 antibody increased Zeb1 levels. The induction of E-selectin and other known targets of tumor necrosis factor-α signaling by EVs was also enhanced by the CD47 antibody, and E-selectin was the most up-regulated transcript following CD47 antibody treatment alone. These studies reveal several mechanisms by which therapeutics targeting CD47 could modulate tumor growth by altering the cross talk between cancer-derived EVs and nonmalignant cells in the tumor stroma.
Collapse
|
55
|
Zhang J, Ju N, Yang X, Chen L, Yu C. The α1,3-fucosyltransferase FUT7 regulates IL-1β-induced monocyte-endothelial adhesion via fucosylation of endomucin. Life Sci 2017; 192:231-237. [PMID: 29138114 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Monocyte-endothelial adhesion is a hallmark feature of atherosclerosis at early stage and emerging evidence suggests that the glycosylation of vascular adhesive molecules and its ligands is involved in this process. Nevertheless, the mechanism underlying this process remains incompletely elucidated. In this study, we reported that treatment with inflammatory factors interleukin-1β (IL-1β) pronouncedly upregulated α1,3-fucosyltransferase VII gene (FUT7) mRNA and protein expression level in EA.hy926 endothelial cells. Moreover, FUT7 overexpression significantly promoted monocyte-endothelial adhesion, while FUT7 knockdown obviously inhibited IL-1β-induced monocyte-endothelial adhesion. Further analysis demonstrated that fucosylation of selectin ligand endomucin was directly involved in IL-1β-induced monocyte-endothelial adhesion. Finally, we demonstrated that p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) MAPK signaling pathway was activated by IL-1β, while inhibition of p38/ERK signaling pathway decreased FUT7 expression level and IL-1β-induced monocyte-endothelial adhesion. In summary, these results provide a novel insight that FUT7-mediated fucosylation contribute to the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Nana Ju
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Xi Yang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Linmu Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Chao Yu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Choi JY, Yoon SS, Kim SE, Ahn Jo S. KDM4B histone demethylase and G9a regulate expression of vascular adhesion proteins in cerebral microvessels. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45005. [PMID: 28327608 PMCID: PMC5361151 DOI: 10.1038/srep45005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1) mediates the adhesion and transmigration of leukocytes across the endothelium, promoting inflammation. We investigated the epigenetic mechanism regulating ICAM1 expression. The pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α dramatically increased ICAM1 mRNA and protein levels in human brain microvascular endothelial cells and mouse brain microvessels. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that TNF-α reduced methylation of histone H3 at lysines 9 and 27 (H3K9 and H3K27), well-known residues involved in gene suppression. Inhibition of G9a and EZH2, histone methyltransferases responsible for methylation at H3K9 and H3K27, respectively as well as G9a overexpression demonstrated the involvement of G9a in TNF-α-induced ICAM1 expression and leukocyte adhesion and transmigration. A specific role for KDM4B, a histone demethylase targeting H3K9me2, in TNF-α-induced ICAM1 upregulation was validated with siRNA. Moreover, treating mice with a KDM4 inhibitor ML324 blocked TNF-α-mediated neutrophil adhesion. Similarly, TNF-α-induced VCAM1 expression was suppressed by G9a overexpression and KDM4B knockdown. Collectively, we demonstrated that modification of H3K9me2 by G9a and KDM4B regulates expression of vascular adhesion molecules, and that depletion of these proteins or KDM4B reduces inflammation-induced leukocyte extravasation. Thus, blocking ICAM1 or KDM4B could offer a novel therapeutic opportunity treating brain diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Choi
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, South Korea
| | - Sang-Sun Yoon
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, South Korea
| | - Sang-Eun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, South Korea
| | - Sangmee Ahn Jo
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, South Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Han C, Ding D, Lopez MC, Manohar S, Zhang Y, Kim MJ, Park HJ, White K, Kim YH, Linser P, Tanokura M, Leeuwenburgh C, Baker HV, Salvi RJ, Someya S. Effects of Long-Term Exercise on Age-Related Hearing Loss in Mice. J Neurosci 2016; 36:11308-11319. [PMID: 27807171 PMCID: PMC5148246 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2493-16.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Regular physical exercise reduces the risk for obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and disability and is associated with longer lifespan expectancy (Taylor et al., 2004; Pahor et al., 2014; Anton et al., 2015; Arem et al., 2015). In contrast, decreased physical function is associated with hearing loss among older adults (Li et al., 2013; Chen et al., 2015). Here, we investigated the effects of long-term voluntary wheel running (WR) on age-related hearing loss (AHL) in CBA/CaJ mice, a well established model of AHL (Zheng et al., 1999). WR activity peaked at 6 months of age (12,280 m/d) and gradually decreased over time. At 24 months of age, the average WR distance was 3987 m/d. Twenty-four-month-old runners had less cochlear hair cell and spiral ganglion neuron loss and better auditory brainstem response thresholds at the low and middle frequencies compared with age-matched, non-WR controls. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of inner ear tissues from 6-month-old controls and runners revealed that WR resulted in a marked enrichment for GO gene sets associated with immune response, inflammatory response, vascular function, and apoptosis. In agreement with these results, there was reduced stria vascularis (SV) atrophy and reduced loss of capillaries in the SV of old runners versus old controls. Given that SV holds numerous capillaries that are essential for transporting oxygen and nutrients into the cochlea, our findings suggest that long-term exercise delays the progression of AHL by reducing age-related loss of strial capillaries associated with inflammation. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Nearly two-thirds of adults aged 70 years or older develop significant age-related hearing loss (AHL), a condition that can lead to social isolation and major communication difficulties. AHL is also associated with decreased physical function among older adults. In the current study, we show that regular exercise slowed AHL and cochlear degeneration significantly in a well established murine model. Our data suggest that regular exercise delays the progression of AHL by reducing age-related loss of strial capillaries associated with inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chul Han
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research
| | - Dalian Ding
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14214, and
| | | | - Senthilvelan Manohar
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14214, and
| | - Yanping Zhang
- Gene Expression and Genotyping, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, and
| | | | - Hyo-Jin Park
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research
- Whitney Laboratory, University of Florida, St. Augustine, Florida 32080
| | | | - Yong Hwan Kim
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Paul Linser
- Whitney Laboratory, University of Florida, St. Augustine, Florida 32080
| | - Masaru Tanokura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Tokyo, 113, Japan
| | | | | | - Richard J Salvi
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14214, and
| | | |
Collapse
|