51
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Qi W, Chen S, Wu Y, Xie K. A chromium oxide coated nickel/yttria stabilized zirconia electrode with a heterojunction interface for use in electrochemical methane reforming. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra01927c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This work investigated the use of nickel/yttria stabilized zirconia (Ni/YSZ) coated in situ with chromium oxide (Cr2O3) for electrochemical methane (CH4) reforming in solid oxide electrolysers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Qi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- China
| | - Shigang Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- China
| | - Yucheng Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- China
| | - Kui Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Hefei University of Technology
- Hefei
- China
- Key Lab of Design & Assembly of Functional Nanostructure
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52
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Li X, Liu M, Lee JP, Ding D, Bottomley LA, Park S, Liu M. An operando surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) study of carbon deposition on SOFC anodes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:21112-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp05176a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Thermally robust SERS probes enable the study of coking kinetics on the nickel surface at early stages and at the Ni–YSZ interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxi Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Center for Innovative Fuel Cell and Battery Technologies
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Mingfei Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Center for Innovative Fuel Cell and Battery Technologies
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Jung-pil Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Center for Innovative Fuel Cell and Battery Technologies
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Dong Ding
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Center for Innovative Fuel Cell and Battery Technologies
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | | | - Soojin Park
- Interdisciplinary School of Green Energy
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
- Ulsan 689-798
- Republic of Korea
| | - Meilin Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Center for Innovative Fuel Cell and Battery Technologies
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
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53
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Efficient Carbon Dioxide Electrolysis Based on Perovskite Cathode Enhanced with Nickel Nanocatalyst. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.11.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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54
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Tao Z, Hou G, Xu N, Zhang Q, Ding H. A mixed proton-oxide ion-electron conducting anode for highly coking-resistant solid oxide fuel cells. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.10.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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55
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Lai SY, Ding D, Liu M, Liu M, Alamgir FM. Operando and in situ X-ray spectroscopies of degradation in La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O(3-δ) thin film cathodes in fuel cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2014; 7:3078-3087. [PMID: 25205041 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201402670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Information from ex situ characterization can fall short in describing complex materials systems simultaneously exposed to multiple external stimuli. Operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was used to probe the local atomistic and electronic structure of specific elements in a La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O(3-δ) (LSCF) thin film cathode exposed to air contaminated with H2O and CO2 under operating conditions. While impedance spectroscopy showed that the polarization resistance of the LSCF cathode increased upon exposure to both contaminants at 750 °C, XAS near-edge and extended fine structure showed that the degree of oxidation for Fe and Co decreases with increasing temperature. Synchrotron-based X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy tracked the formation and removal of a carbonate species, a Co phase, and different oxygen moieties as functions of temperature and gas. The combined information provides insight into the fundamental mechanism by which H2O and CO2 cause degradation in the cathode of solid oxide fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson Y Lai
- Center for Innovative Fuel Cell and Battery Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 771 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, GA 30332-0245 (USA)
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56
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Wang F, Wang W, Qu J, Zhong Y, Tade MO, Shao Z. Enhanced sulfur tolerance of nickel-based anodes for oxygen-ion conducting solid oxide fuel cells by incorporating a secondary water storing phase. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:12427-12434. [PMID: 25229807 DOI: 10.1021/es503603w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a Ni+BaZr(0.4)Ce(0.4)Y(0.2)O(3-δ) (Ni+BZCY) anode with high water storage capability is used to increase the sulfur tolerance of nickel electrocatalysts for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) with an oxygen-ion conducting Sm(0.2)Ce(0.8)O(1.9) (SDC) electrolyte. Attractive power outputs are still obtained for the cell with a Ni+BZCY anode that operates on hydrogen fuels containing 100-1000 ppm of H2S, while for a similar cell with a Ni+SDC anode, it displays a much reduced performance by introducing only 100 ppm of H2S into hydrogen. Operating on a hydrogen fuel containing 100 ppm of H2S at 600 °C and a fixed current density of 200 mA cm(-2), a stable power output of 148 mW cm(-2) is well maintained for a cell with a Ni+BZCY anode within a test period of 700 min, while it was decreased from an initial value of 137 mW cm(-2) to only 81 mW cm(-2) for a similar cell with a Ni+SDC anode after a test period of only 150 min. After the stability test, a loss of the Ni percolating network and reaction between nickel and sulfur appeared over the Ni+SDC anode, but it is not observed for the Ni+BZCY anode. This result highly promises the use of water-storing BZCY as an anode component to improve sulfur tolerance for SOFCs with an oxygen-ion conducting SDC electrolyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University , No. 5 Xin Mofan Road, Nanjing 210009, China
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57
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Three-dimensional microstructural imaging of sulfur poisoning-induced degradation in a Ni-YSZ anode of solid oxide fuel cells. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5246. [PMID: 24912978 PMCID: PMC4050380 DOI: 10.1038/srep05246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Following exposure to ppm-level hydrogen sulfide at elevated temperatures, a section of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) Ni-YSZ anode was examined using a combination of synchrotron-based x-ray nanotomography and x-ray fluorescence techniques. While fluorescence measurements provided elemental identification and coarse spatial mapping, x-ray nanotomography was used to map the detailed 3-D spatial distribution of Ni, YSZ, and a nickel-sulfur poisoning phase. The nickel-sulfur layer was found to form a scale covering most of the exposed nickel surface, blocking most fuel reformation and hydrogen oxidation reaction sites. Although the exposure conditions precluded the ability to develop a detailed kinetic description of the nickel-sulfur phase formation, the results provide strong evidence of the detrimental effects of 100 ppm hydrogen sulfide on typical Ni-YSZ anode materials.
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58
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Wang W, Su C, Ran R, Zhao B, Shao Z, Tade MO, Liu S. Nickel-based anode with water storage capability to mitigate carbon deposition for direct ethanol solid oxide fuel cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2014; 7:1719-1728. [PMID: 24798121 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201301341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The potential to use ethanol as a fuel places solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) as a sustainable technology for clean energy delivery because of the renewable features of ethanol versus hydrogen. In this work, we developed a new class of anode catalyst exemplified by Ni+BaZr0.4Ce0.4Y0.2O3 (Ni+BZCY) with a water storage capability to overcome the persistent problem of carbon deposition. Ni+BZCY performed very well in catalytic efficiency, water storage capability and coking resistance tests. A stable and high power output was well maintained with a peak power density of 750 mW cm(-2) at 750 °C. The SOFC with the new robust anode performed for seven days without any sign of performance decay, whereas SOFCs with conventional anodes failed in less than 2 h because of significant carbon deposition. Our findings indicate the potential applications of these water storage cermets as catalysts in hydrocarbon reforming and as anodes for SOFCs that operate directly on hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, No. 5 Xin Mofan Road, Nanjing 210009 (PR China)
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59
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Highly efficient and robust cathode materials for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells: PrBa0.5Sr0.5Co(2-x)Fe(x)O(5+δ). Sci Rep 2014; 3:2426. [PMID: 23945630 PMCID: PMC3744084 DOI: 10.1038/srep02426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) are the cleanest, most efficient, and cost-effective option for direct conversion to electricity of a wide variety of fuels. While significant progress has been made in anode materials with enhanced tolerance to coking and contaminant poisoning, cathodic polarization still contributes considerably to energy loss, more so at lower operating temperatures. Here we report a synergistic effect of co-doping in a cation-ordered double-perovskite material, PrBa0.5Sr0.5Co(2-x)Fe(x)O(5+δ), which has created pore channels that dramatically enhance oxygen ion diffusion and surface oxygen exchange while maintaining excellent compatibility and stability under operating conditions. Test cells based on these cathode materials demonstrate peak power densities ~2.2 W cm(-2) at 600°C, representing an important step toward commercially viable SOFC technologies.
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60
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Shishkin M, Ziegler T. Direct modeling of the electrochemistry in the three-phase boundary of solid oxide fuel cell anodes by density functional theory: a critical overview. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:1798-808. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp53943a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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61
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Wang W, Su C, Wu Y, Ran R, Shao Z. Progress in solid oxide fuel cells with nickel-based anodes operating on methane and related fuels. Chem Rev 2013; 113:8104-51. [PMID: 23902155 DOI: 10.1021/cr300491e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology , No. 5 Xin Mofan Road, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
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62
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Wang Z, Liu M, Sun W, Ding D, Lü Z, Liu M. A mixed-conducting BaPr0.8In0.2O3−δ cathode for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells. Electrochem commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2012.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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63
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Yoon D, Su Q, Wang H, Manthiram A. Superior power density solid oxide fuel cells by enlarging the three-phase boundary region of a NiO–Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 composite anode through optimized surface structure. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:14966-72. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp52679h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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64
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Malagoli M, Liu ML, Park HC, Bongiorno A. Protons crossing triple phase boundaries based on a metal catalyst, Pd or Ni, and barium zirconate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:12525-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51863a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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65
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Blinn KS, Li X, Liu M, Bottomley LA, Liu M. Probing and mapping electrode surfaces in solid oxide fuel cells. J Vis Exp 2012:e50161. [PMID: 23023264 DOI: 10.3791/50161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are potentially the most efficient and cost-effective solution to utilization of a wide variety of fuels beyond hydrogen (1-7). The performance of SOFCs and the rates of many chemical and energy transformation processes in energy storage and conversion devices in general are limited primarily by charge and mass transfer along electrode surfaces and across interfaces. Unfortunately, the mechanistic understanding of these processes is still lacking, due largely to the difficulty of characterizing these processes under in situ conditions. This knowledge gap is a chief obstacle to SOFC commercialization. The development of tools for probing and mapping surface chemistries relevant to electrode reactions is vital to unraveling the mechanisms of surface processes and to achieving rational design of new electrode materials for more efficient energy storage and conversion(2). Among the relatively few in situ surface analysis methods, Raman spectroscopy can be performed even with high temperatures and harsh atmospheres, making it ideal for characterizing chemical processes relevant to SOFC anode performance and degradation(8-12). It can also be used alongside electrochemical measurements, potentially allowing direct correlation of electrochemistry to surface chemistry in an operating cell. Proper in situ Raman mapping measurements would be useful for pin-pointing important anode reaction mechanisms because of its sensitivity to the relevant species, including anode performance degradation through carbon deposition(8, 10, 13, 14) ("coking") and sulfur poisoning(11, 15) and the manner in which surface modifications stave off this degradation(16). The current work demonstrates significant progress towards this capability. In addition, the family of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques provides a special approach to interrogate the electrode surface with nanoscale resolution. Besides the surface topography that is routinely collected by AFM and STM, other properties such as local electronic states, ion diffusion coefficient and surface potential can also be investigated(17-22). In this work, electrochemical measurements, Raman spectroscopy, and SPM were used in conjunction with a novel test electrode platform that consists of a Ni mesh electrode embedded in an yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte. Cell performance testing and impedance spectroscopy under fuel containing H2S was characterized, and Raman mapping was used to further elucidate the nature of sulfur poisoning. In situ Raman monitoring was used to investigate coking behavior. Finally, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) were used to further visualize carbon deposition on the nanoscale. From this research, we desire to produce a more complete picture of the SOFC anode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin S Blinn
- Center for Innovative Fuel Cells and Battery Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, GA, USA
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66
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Rankovic N, Chizallet C, Nicolle A, Da Costa P. A molecular approach for unraveling surface phase transitions: sulfation of BaO as a model NO(x) trap. Chemistry 2012; 18:10511-4. [PMID: 22807309 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SO(3) -induced surface reconstruction: The SO(3) molecule as a multidentate ligand induces remarkable surface reconstruction phenomena on alkaline earth oxide surface. By using ab initio computations, adsorption properties are derived to elucidate the thermodynamics of the SO(3) -BaO system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Rankovic
- IFP Energies nouvelles 1 et 4 avenue de Bois-Préau, 92852 Rueil-Malmaison, France.
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67
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Wu Y, Wang W, Wang K, Zeng Y, Dong D, Shao Z, Wang H. Morphology and Catalytic Performance of Flake-Shaped NiO-Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) Particles with Nanocrystalline YSZ Grains. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie300123x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhou Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Chemical
Engineering, Monash University, Clayton,
VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Chemical
Engineering, Monash University, Clayton,
VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Yao Zeng
- Department of Chemical
Engineering, Monash University, Clayton,
VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Dehua Dong
- Fuels
and Energy Technology Institute, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Zongping Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Huanting Wang
- Department of Chemical
Engineering, Monash University, Clayton,
VIC, 3800, Australia
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68
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Li X, Blinn K, Fang Y, Liu M, Mahmoud MA, Cheng S, Bottomley LA, El-Sayed M, Liu M. Application of surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy to the study of SOFC electrode surfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:5919-23. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp40091j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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