51
|
Chen Y, Tang J, Chen L, Chen J. Novel cuproptosis-related lncRNAs can predict the prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma. Transl Cancer Res 2023; 12:3074-3087. [PMID: 38130312 PMCID: PMC10731335 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Cuproptosis-related long-stranded non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have several implications for the prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM). This research aimed to construct a prognostic risk model for MM patients and explore the potential signaling pathways in the risk group. Methods Cuproptosis-related lncRNAs were obtained from the co-expression analysis of cuproptosis-related genes and lncRNAs. Subsequently, twelve cuproptosis-related lncRNAs were selected to construct a prognostic risk model of MM patients by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. Then, the clinical data of these patients were randomly divided into the training group and the testing group. Next, patients were divided into the low- and high-risk groups according to the median risk score. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to clarify the prognostic differences between risk subtypes. Besides, the Cox analysis was conducted to identify whether the risk score can be used as an independent prognostic factor. In addition, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and the concordance index (C-index) curve analysis were performed to elucidate the value of risk score as a prognostic indicator. Finally, the differential risk analysis and functional enrichment analysis were carried out to identify the potential signaling pathways in the low- and high-risk groups. Results The results demonstrated that the overall survival (OS) of patients in the high-risk group was shorter than that in the low-risk group. There were significant differences in the expression of genes in MM patients between the high- and low-risk groups. The Gene Ontology (GO) analysis results showed that the differentially expressed risk-related genes (DERGs) were mainly concentrated on the collagen-containing extracellular matrix. According to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis results, the DERGs may be related to the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, indicating that they may be involved in the progression of tumors. Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that cuproptosis-related lncRNAs may be effective biomarkers for predicting the prognosis of MM patients, which is anticipated to contribute to the improvement of clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jialin Tang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianbin Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Tosun Ç, Wallabregue ALD, Mallerman M, Phillips SE, Edwards CM, Conway SJ, Hammond EM. Antibody-Based Imaging of Bioreductive Prodrug Release in Hypoxia. JACS AU 2023; 3:3237-3246. [PMID: 38034969 PMCID: PMC10685431 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Regions of hypoxia occur in most tumors and are a predictor of poor patient prognosis. Hypoxia-activated prodrugs (HAPs) provide an ideal strategy to target the aggressive, hypoxic, fraction of a tumor, while protecting the normal tissue from toxicity. A key challenge associated with the development of novel HAPs, however, is the ability to visualize the delivery of the prodrug to hypoxic regions and determine where it has been activated. Here, we report a modified version of the commonly used nitroimidazole bioreductive group that incorporates the fluoroethyl epitope of the antibody-based hypoxia imaging agent, EF5. Attachment of this group to the red fluorescent dye, dicyanomethylene (DCM), enabled us to correlate the release of the DCM dye with imaging of the reduced bioreductive group using the EF5 antibody. This study confirmed that the antibody was imaging reduction and fragmentation of the pro-fluorophore. We next employed the modified bioreductive group to synthesize a new prodrug of the KDAC inhibitor Panobinostat, EF5-Pano. Release of EF5-Pano in hypoxic multiple myeloma cells was imaged using the EF5 antibody, and the presence of an imaging signal correlated with apoptosis and a reduction in cell viability. Therefore, EF5-Pano is an imageable HAP with a proven cytotoxic effect in multiple myeloma, which could be utilized in future in vivo experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Çağla Tosun
- Department
of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, U.K.
| | - Antoine L. D. Wallabregue
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Maxim Mallerman
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Sarah E. Phillips
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Claire M. Edwards
- Nuffield
Department of Surgical Sciences, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7HE, U.K.
- Nuffield
Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, U.K.
| | - Stuart J. Conway
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University
of California, 607 Charles
E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California CA90095, United States
| | - Ester M. Hammond
- Department
of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Łuczkowska K, Kulig P, Rusińska K, Baumert B, Machaliński B. 5-Aza-2'-Deoxycytidine Alters the Methylation Profile of Bortezomib-Resistant U266 Multiple Myeloma Cells and Affects Their Proliferative Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16780. [PMID: 38069103 PMCID: PMC10706146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy that accounts for 1% of all cancers and is the second-most-common hematological neoplasm. Bortezomib (BTZ) is a proteasome inhibitor widely implemented in the treatment of MM alone or in combination with other agents. The development of resistance to chemotherapy is one of the greatest challenges of modern oncology. Therefore, it is crucial to discover and implement new adjuvant therapies that can bypass therapeutic resistance. In this paper, we investigated the in vitro effect of methylation inhibitor 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine on the proliferative potential of MM cells and the development of resistance to BTZ. We demonstrate that alterations in the DNA methylation profile are associated with BTZ resistance. Moreover, the addition of methylation inhibitor 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine to BTZ-resistant MM cells led to a reduction in the proliferation of the BTZ-resistant phenotype, resulting in the restoration of sensitivity to BTZ. However, further in vitro and ex vivo studies are required before adjuvant therapy can be incorporated into existing treatment regimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Łuczkowska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.Ł.); (P.K.); (K.R.)
| | - Piotr Kulig
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.Ł.); (P.K.); (K.R.)
| | - Klaudia Rusińska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.Ł.); (P.K.); (K.R.)
| | - Bartłomiej Baumert
- Department of Hematology and Transplantology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bogusław Machaliński
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.Ł.); (P.K.); (K.R.)
- Department of Hematology and Transplantology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Konishi T, Ochi T, Maruta M, Tanimoto K, Miyazaki Y, Iwamoto C, Saitou T, Imamura T, Yasukawa M, Takenaka K. Reinforced antimyeloma therapy via dual-lymphoid activation mediated by a panel of antibodies armed with bridging-BiTE. Blood 2023; 142:1789-1805. [PMID: 37738633 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022019082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy using bispecific antibodies including bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) has the potential to enhance the efficacy of treatment for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. However, myeloma may still recur after treatment because of downregulation of a target antigen and/or myeloma cell heterogeneity. To strengthen immunotherapy for myeloma while overcoming its characteristics, we have newly developed a BiTE-based modality, referred to as bridging-BiTE (B-BiTE). B-BiTE was able to bind to both a human immunoglobulin G-Fc domain and the CD3 molecule. Clinically available monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were bound with B-BiTE before administration, and the mAb/B-BiTE complex induced antitumor T-cell responses successfully while preserving and supporting natural killer cell reactivity, resulting in enhanced antimyeloma effects via dual-lymphoid activation. In contrast, any unwanted off-target immune-cell reactivity mediated by mAb/B-BiTE complexes or B-BiTE itself appeared not to be observed in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, sequential immunotherapy using 2 different mAb/B-BiTE complexes appeared to circumvent myeloma cell antigen escape, and further augmented immune responses to myeloma relative to those induced by mAb/B-BiTE monotherapy or sequential therapy with 2 mAbs in the absence of B-BiTE. Therefore, this modality facilitates easy and prompt generation of a broad panel of bispecific antibodies that can induce deep and durable antitumor responses in the presence of clinically available mAbs, supporting further advancement of reinforced immunotherapy for multiple myeloma and other refractory hematologic malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Konishi
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Toshiki Ochi
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
- Division of Immune Regulation, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Masaki Maruta
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kazushi Tanimoto
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Miyazaki
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Chika Iwamoto
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takashi Saitou
- Department of Molecular Medicine for Pathogenesis, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takeshi Imamura
- Department of Molecular Medicine for Pathogenesis, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Masaki Yasukawa
- Division of Immune Regulation, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
- Ehime Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Tobe, Ehime, Japan
| | - Katsuto Takenaka
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Brunner AM, Platzbecker U, DeZern AE, Zeidan AM. Are We Ready For "Triplet" Therapy in Higher-Risk MDS? Clin Hematol Int 2023; 5:88301. [PMID: 37933301 PMCID: PMC10625655 DOI: 10.46989/001c.88301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Higher-risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes/Neoplasms (MDS) represent an ongoing therapeutic challenge, with few effective therapies, many of which may have limited use in this older patient population often with considerations around comorbidities. Outside of transplant, azacitidine and decitabine remain the only disease-modifying therapies, and are palliative in nature. Recent interest has grown in extending combination chemotherapies used to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML) to patients with MDS, including novel combination chemotherapy "doublets" and "triplets." In this review, we discuss considerations around combination chemotherapy in MDS, specifically as relates to study design, appropriate endpoints, supportive considerations, and how to integrate these into the current treatment paradigm. New therapies in MDS are desperately needed but also require considerations particular to this unique patient population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Brunner
- Leukemia Program, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Amy E DeZern
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Centre at John Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amer M Zeidan
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Mallio CA, Bernetti C, Castiello G, Gangemi E, Tomarchio V, Annibali O, Rigacci L, Van Goethem J, Parizel PM, Beomonte Zobel B, Quattrocchi CC. Neuroradiology of acute pathologies in adults with hematologic malignancies: a pictorial review. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2023; 13:7530-7551. [PMID: 37969623 PMCID: PMC10644134 DOI: 10.21037/qims-22-1201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic and lymphoid tumors are a heterogeneous group of diseases including lymphomas, multiple myeloma (MM), and leukemias. These diseases are associated with systemic involvement and various clinical presentations including acute neurological deficits. Adult patients with hematologic malignancies (HM) are at risk for developing a wide array of acute conditions involving the nervous system. HM in adults may present as tumoral masses responsible for mass effect, possibly resulting in acute neurological signs and symptoms caused by tumor growth with compression of central nervous system (CNS) structures. Moreover, as result of the hematologic disease itself or due to systemic treatments, hematologic patients are at risk for vascular pathologies, such as ischemic, thrombotic, and hemorrhagic disorders due to the abnormal coagulation status. The onset of these disorders is often with acute neurologic signs or symptoms. Lastly, it is well known that patients with HM can have impaired function of the immune system. Thus, CNS involvement due to immune-related diseases such as mycotic, parasitic, bacterial, and viral infections linked to immunodeficiency, together with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, are frequently seen in hematologic patients. Knowledge of the etiology and expected CNS imaging findings in patients with HM is of great importance to reach a fast and correct diagnosis and guide treatment choices. In this manuscript, we review the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance findings of these conditions which can be related to the disease itself and/or to their treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo A. Mallio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, Roma, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Diagnostic Imaging, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Roma, Italy
| | - Caterina Bernetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, Roma, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Diagnostic Imaging, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Roma, Italy
| | - Gennaro Castiello
- U.O.S. Diagnostica per Immagini, Azienda Ospedaliera San Camillo Forlanini, Roma, Italy
| | - Emma Gangemi
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Tomarchio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, Roma, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Roma, Italy
| | - Ombretta Annibali
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, Roma, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Roma, Italy
| | - Luigi Rigacci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, Roma, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Roma, Italy
| | - Johan Van Goethem
- Department of Radiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Paul M. Parizel
- David Hartley Chair of Radiology, Royal Perth Hospital & University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Bruno Beomonte Zobel
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, Roma, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Diagnostic Imaging, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Roma, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
57
|
Bar N, Firestone RS, Usmani SZ. Aiming for the cure in myeloma: Putting our best foot forward. Blood Rev 2023; 62:101116. [PMID: 37596172 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2023.101116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Frontline therapy for multiple myeloma (MM) is evolving to include novel combinations that can achieve unprecedented deep response rates. Several treatment strategies exist, varying in induction regimen composition, use of transplant and or consolidation and maintenance. In this sea of different treatment permutations, the overarching theme is the powerful prognostic factors of disease risk and achievement of minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity. MM has significant inter-patient variability that requires treatment to be individualized. Risk-adapted and response-adapted strategies which are increasingly being explored to define the extent and duration of therapy, and eventually aim for functional curability. In addition, with T-cell redirection therapies rapidly revolutionizing myeloma treatments, the current standard of care for myeloma will change. This review analyzes the current relevant literature in upfront therapy for fit myeloma patients and provides suggestions for treatment approach while novel clinical trials are maturing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noffar Bar
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Ross S Firestone
- Multiple Myeloma Service, Department of medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Saad Z Usmani
- Multiple Myeloma Service, Department of medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Martin TG, Madduri D, Pacaud L, Usmani SZ. Cilta-cel, a BCMA-targeting CAR-T therapy for heavily pretreated patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Future Oncol 2023; 19:2297-2311. [PMID: 37497629 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2022-1317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cilta-cel, a BCMA-targeting chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for multiple myeloma, was approved in USA on 28 February 2022, for patients with relapsed or refractory disease who have received ≥4 prior lines of therapy, including a proteasome inhibitor, an immunomodulatory drug, and an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody. Approval in the EU followed for patients with ≥3 prior therapies. At median 28-month follow-up, the pivotal CARTITUDE-1 trial showed a 98% response rate (83% stringent complete response); median progression-free survival had not been reached, and adverse events could be managed with supportive therapy. Cilta-cel efficacy and safety in earlier lines of therapy, and its optimal sequencing in a complex treatment landscape are important areas of investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G Martin
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Deepu Madduri
- Janssen Research & Development, Raritan, NJ 08869, USA
| | - Lida Pacaud
- Legend Biotech USA Inc., Somerset, NJ 08873, USA
| | - Saad Z Usmani
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Sanchez L, Chari A, Cheng M, Cherepanov D, DerSarkissian M, Huang F, Stull DM, Dabora J, Young M, Noga SJ, Pi S, Zhang M, Banatwala A, Duh MS, Ailawadhi S. Comparison of health care costs and resource utilization for commonly used proteasome inhibitor-immunomodulatory drug-based triplet regimens for the management of patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma in the United States. J Manag Care Spec Pharm 2023; 29:1205-1218. [PMID: 37776124 PMCID: PMC10776283 DOI: 10.18553/jmcp.2023.23031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Economic differences among currently available proteasome inhibitors (PI)-based lenalidomide-dexamethasone (Rd)-backbone triplet regimens-ixazomib (I), bortezomib (V), and carfilzomib (K) plus Rd-remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To assess health care resource utilization (HCRU) and health care costs of patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) in the United States treated with IRd, VRd, and KRd. METHODS: This retrospective longitudinal cohort study using IQVIA PharMetrics Plus adjudicated claims US data (January 1, 2015, to September 30, 2020) included adult patients with all available data who initiated IRd, VRd, or KRd in second line of therapy or later (LOT2+) on or after September 1, 2015. The index date was the treatment initiation date for each LOT (multiple LOTs per patient were included) and the baseline was 6 months pre-index. MM-related and all-cause HCRU/costs were assessed during follow-up and reported per patient per month (PPPM; 2020 US Dollars). For MM-related costs only, treatment administration costs were excluded from outpatient (OP) costs and instead summed with pharmacy costs. HCRU/costs were compared between treatment groups using generalized linear models (GLMs). Cost variables were compared using 2-part models and GLM with log transformation and γ distribution. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) adjusted for imbalance of baseline confounders across treatment groups. RESULTS: The study included 511 patients contributing 542 LOTs (IRd: n = 153; VRd: n = 262; KRd: n = 127). Before IPTW, mean observed time spent on therapy was 8.5, 9.3, and 7.3 months for the IRd, VRd, and KRd cohorts, respectively. During follow-up and after IPTW, IRd and VRd were associated with significantly fewer OP visits vs KRd. Post-IPTW comparisons of MM-related costs for IRd vs KRd yielded lower OP costs for IRd (mean diff. PPPM: -$3,428; P < 0.001), contributing to lower total medical costs (-$3,813; P < 0.001) and total health care cost savings with IRd vs KRd (-$5,813; P = 0.001). MM-related OP costs were lower for VRd (mean diff. PPPM: -$3,543; P < 0.001) than KRd, reducing its total MM-related medical costs (-$3,997; P = 0.002), leading to total MM-related health care cost savings with VRd vs KRd (-$12,357; P < 0.001). All-cause cost comparisons yielded similar results (total health care cost savings for IRd and VRd vs KRd: -$6,371 and -$13,629, respectively; all P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: From the US insurance-payer perspective, patients treated with IRd and VRd had significant medical cost savings vs KRd due to lower OP costs when excluding treatment administration costs. The differential economic impacts of PI-Rd regimens in this study may help to inform treatment decisions for patients with MM. DISCLOSURES: This study and article were supported by Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc. Dr Sanchez has no conflicts to declare. Dr Chari has the following relationships: Research Support/Principal Investigator: Amgen, Array Biopharma, Celgene, Glaxo Smith Klein, Janssen, Millenium/Takeda, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Oncoceutics, Pharmacyclics, Seattle Genetics; Consultant: Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Millenium/Takeda, Janssen, Karyopharm; Scientific Advisory Board: Amgen, Celgene, Millenium/Takeda, Janssen, Karyopharm, Sanofi, Seattle Genetics. Drs Cherepanov, Huang, Dabora, and Noga are current employees of Takeda, while Drs Stull and Young are ex-employees of Takeda; Drs Cherepanov and Huang also own stocks in Takeda. Dr DerSarkissian, Ms Cheng, Ms Zhang, Mr Banatwala, and Dr Duh are employees of Analysis Group, Inc. (AG), a consulting firm that received funding from Takeda to conduct this study. Ms Pi was an employee of AG at the time of the study. Dr Ailawadhi has the following relationships to declare: Research Support and Consulting for BMS, GSK, and Janssen; Research Support from AbbVie, Arch Oncology, Cellectar, Medimmune, Pharmacyclics, and Xencor; Consulting for Beigene, Oncopeptides, Regeneron, Sanofi, and Takeda.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ajai Chari
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Mu Cheng
- Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, MA
| | | | | | - Fei Huang
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Lexington, MA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
60
|
Ferro A, Pantazaka E, Athanassopoulos CM, Cuendet M. Histone deacetylase-based dual targeted inhibition in multiple myeloma. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:2177-2236. [PMID: 37191917 DOI: 10.1002/med.21972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite enormous advances in terms of therapeutic strategies, multiple myeloma (MM) still remains an incurable disease with MM patients often becoming resistant to standard treatments. To date, multiple combined and targeted therapies have proven to be more beneficial compared to monotherapy approaches, leading to a decrease in drug resistance and an improvement in median overall survival in patients. Moreover, recent breakthroughs highlighted the relevant role of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in cancer treatment, including MM. Thus, the simultaneous use of HDAC inhibitors with other conventional regimens, such as proteasome inhibitors, is of interest in the field. In this review, we provide a general overview of HDAC-based combination treatments in MM, through a critical presentation of publications from the past few decades related to in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as clinical trials. Furthermore, we discuss the recent introduction of dual-inhibitor entities that could have the same beneficial effects as drug combinations with the advantage of having two or more pharmacophores in one molecular structure. These findings could represent a starting-point for both reducing therapeutic doses and lowering the risk of developing drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Ferro
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Evangelia Pantazaka
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Laboratory of Biochemistry/Metastatic Signaling, Section of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, Department of Biology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Muriel Cuendet
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Zhu Y, Chang S, Liu J, Wang B. Identification of a novel cuproptosis-related gene signature for multiple myeloma diagnosis. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1058. [PMID: 38018590 PMCID: PMC10629272 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma (MM) ranks second among the most prevalent hematological malignancies. Recent studies have unearthed the promise of cuproptosis as a novel therapeutic intervention for cancer. However, no research has unveiled the particular roles of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in the prediction of MM diagnosis. METHODS Microarray data and clinical characteristics of MM patients were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed gene analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) algorithms were applied to identify potential signature genes for MM diagnosis. Predictive performance was further assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, nomogram analysis, and external data sets. Functional enrichment analysis was performed to elucidate the involved mechanisms. Finally, the expression of the identified genes was validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in MM cell samples. RESULTS The optimal gene signature was identified using LASSO and SVM-RFE algorithms based on the differentially expressed CRGs: ATP7A, FDX1, PDHA1, PDHB, MTF1, CDKN2A, and DLST. Our gene signature-based nomogram revealed a high degree of accuracy in predicting MM diagnosis. ROC curves showed the signature had dependable predictive ability across all data sets, with area under the curve values exceeding 0.80. Additionally, functional enrichment analysis suggested significant associations between the signature genes and immune-related pathways. The expression of the genes was validated in MM cells, indicating the robustness of these findings. CONCLUSION We discovered and validated a novel CRG signature with strong predictive capability for diagnosing MM, potentially implicated in MM pathogenesis and progression through immune-related pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yidong Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Shuaikang Chang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Yangpu HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Schavgoulidze A, Perrot A, Cazaubiel T, Leleu X, Montes L, Jacquet C, Belhadj K, Brechignac S, Frenzel L, Chalopin T, Rey P, Schiano de Collela JM, Dib M, Caillot D, Macro M, Fontan J, Buisson L, Pavageau L, Roussel M, Manier S, Mohty M, Martinet L, Avet-Loiseau H, Corre J. Prognostic impact of translocation t(14;16) in multiple myeloma according to the presence of additional genetic lesions. Blood Cancer J 2023; 13:160. [PMID: 37880285 PMCID: PMC10600097 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-023-00933-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Schavgoulidze
- Unit for Genomics in Myeloma, University Hospital IUCT-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Aurore Perrot
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
- Hematology Department, IUCT-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Xavier Leleu
- Hematology Department, University Hospital, Poitiers, France
| | - Lydia Montes
- Hematology Department, University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | | | - Karim Belhadj
- Hematology Department, University Hospital, Créteil, France
| | | | - Laurent Frenzel
- Hematology Department, Necker University Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - Philippe Rey
- Hematology Department, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | | | - Mamoun Dib
- Hematology Department, University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Denis Caillot
- Hematology Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Margaret Macro
- Hematology Department, University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Jean Fontan
- Hematology Department, University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Laure Buisson
- Unit for Genomics in Myeloma, University Hospital IUCT-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Luka Pavageau
- Unit for Genomics in Myeloma, University Hospital IUCT-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | | | - Salomon Manier
- Hematology Department, University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Mohamad Mohty
- Hematology Department, Saint-Antoine University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Martinet
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Hervé Avet-Loiseau
- Unit for Genomics in Myeloma, University Hospital IUCT-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Jill Corre
- Unit for Genomics in Myeloma, University Hospital IUCT-Oncopole, Toulouse, France.
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Liu Z, Zhao X, Shen H, Liu X, Xu X, Fu R. Cellular immunity in the era of modern multiple myeloma therapy. Int J Cancer 2023; 153:1436-1447. [PMID: 37306091 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a relapsing clonal plasma cell malignancy and incurable thus far. With the increasing understanding of myeloma, highlighting the critical importance of the immune system in the pathogenesis of MM is essential. The immune changes in MM patients after treatment are associated with prognosis. In this review, we summarize currently available MM therapies and discuss how they affect cellular immunity. We find that the modern anti-MM treatments enhance antitumour immune responses. A deeper understanding of the therapeutic activity of individual drugs offers more effective treatment approaches that enhance the beneficial immunomodulatory effects. Furthermore, we show that the immune changes after treatment in MM patients can provide useful prognostic marker. Analysing cellular immune responses offers new perspectives for evaluating clinical data and making comprehensive predictions for applying novel therapies in MM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyun Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianghong Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongli Shen
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Xintong Xu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| | - Rong Fu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Xia Z, Leng Y, Fang B, Liang Y, Li W, Fu C, Yang L, Ke X, Jiang H, Weng J, Liu L, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Huang Z, Liu A, Shi Q, Gao Y, Chen X, Pan L, Cai Z, Wang Z, Wang Y, Fan Y, Hou M, Ma Y, Hu J, Liu J, Zhou J, Zhang X, Meng H, Lu X, Li F, Ren H, Huang B, Shao Z, Zhou H, Hu Y, Yang S, Zheng X, Wei P, Pang H, Yu W, Liu Y, Gao S, Yan L, Ma Y, Jing H, Du J, Ling W, Zhang J, Sui W, Wang F, Li X, Chen W. Aponermin or placebo in combination with thalidomide and dexamethasone in the treatment of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (CPT-MM301): a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:980. [PMID: 37838670 PMCID: PMC10576321 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11489-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aponermin, a circularly permuted tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, is a potential death receptor 4/5-targeted antitumour candidate. Previous phase 1/2 studies have demonstrated the efficacy of aponermin in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). To confirm the superiority of aponermin plus thalidomide and dexamethasone (aponermin group) over placebo plus thalidomide and dexamethasone (placebo group) in RRMM, a randomized, double-blinded, placebo controlled phase 3 trial was performed. METHODS Four hundred seventeen patients with RRMM who had previously received at least two regimens were randomly assigned (2:1) to receive aponermin, thalidomide, and dexamethasone or placebo, thalidomide, and dexamethasone. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Key secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and overall response rate (ORR). RESULTS A total of 415 patients received at least one dose of trial treatment (276 vs. 139). The median PFS was 5.5 months in the aponermin group and 3.1 months in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.49-0.78; P < 0.001). The median OS was 22.4 months for the aponermin group and 16.4 months for the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.55-0.89; P = 0.003). Significantly higher rates of ORR (30.4% vs. 13.7%, P < 0.001) and very good partial response or better (14.1% vs. 2.2%, P < 0.0001) were achieved in the aponermin group than in the placebo group. Treatment with aponermin caused hepatotoxicity in some patients, as indicated by the elevated alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, or lactate dehydrogenase levels (52.2% vs. 24.5%, 51.1% vs. 19.4% and 44.9% vs. 21.6%, respectively), mostly grade 1/2, transient and reversible. The main grade 3/4 adverse events included neutropenia, pneumonia and hyperglycemia. The incidence of serious adverse events was similar between the two groups (40.6% vs. 37.4%). There was no evidence that aponermin leads to hematological toxicity, nephrotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, or secondary tumors. CONCLUSIONS Aponermin plus thalidomide and dexamethasone significantly improved PFS, OS and ORR with manageable side effects in RRMM patients who had received at least two prior therapies. These results support the use of aponermin, thalidomide, and dexamethasone as a treatment option for RRMM patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered at http://www.chictr.org.cn as ChiCTR-IPR-15006024, 17/11/2014.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjun Xia
- Department of Hematologic Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Leng
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Baijun Fang
- Department of Hematology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Liang
- Department of Hematologic Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chengcheng Fu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Suzhou, China
| | - Linhua Yang
- Department of Hematology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ke
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianyu Weng
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yaozhong Zhao
- Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhongxia Huang
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Aichun Liu
- Department of Hematology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Qingzhi Shi
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuhuan Gao
- Department of Hematology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiequn Chen
- Department of Hematology, XiJing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ling Pan
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen Cai
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yafei Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaqun Fan
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ming Hou
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yigai Ma
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianda Hu
- Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Hematology, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Meng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuzhang Lu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hanyun Ren
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bintao Huang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zonghong Shao
- Department of Hematology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hebing Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wunan, China
| | - Shifang Yang
- Beijing Sunbio Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | | | - Peng Wei
- Beijing Sunbio Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Pang
- Beijing Sunbio Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Beijing Sunbio Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yuzhang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sujun Gao
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lingzhi Yan
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanping Ma
- Department of Hematology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hongmei Jing
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Hematology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Ling
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weiwei Sui
- Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Fuxu Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenming Chen
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Teo WZY, Ong IYE, Tong JWY, Ong WL, Lin A, Song F, Tai BC, Ooi M, Seokojo CY, Chen Y, Nagarajan C, Chng WJ, de Mel S. Response-Adapted Therapy for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma. Curr Hematol Malig Rep 2023; 18:190-200. [PMID: 37400631 DOI: 10.1007/s11899-023-00704-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The development of potent novel agents has improved outcomes for patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Heterogeneity of response to therapy, an expanding arsenal of treatment options, and cost are however major challenges for physicians making treatment decisions. Response-adapted therapy is hence an attractive strategy for sequencing of therapy in MM. Despite its successful application in other haematologic malignancies, response-adapted therapy is yet to become a standard of care for MM. We provide our perspective on response-adapted therapeutic strategies evaluated thus far and how they may be implemented and improved on in treatment algorithms of the future. RECENT FINDINGS While older studies suggested that early response based on International Myeloma Working Group response criteria could impact long-term outcomes, recent data have contradicted these findings. The advent of minimal residual disease (MRD) as a powerful prognostic factor in MM has raised the promise of MRD-adapted treatment strategies. The development of more sensitive techniques for paraprotein quantification as well as imaging modalities to detect extramedullary disease is likely to change response assessment in MM. These techniques combined with MRD assessment may provide sensitive and holistic response assessments which could be evaluated in clinical trials. Response-adapted treatment algorithms have the potential to allow an individualised treatment strategy, maximising efficacy, while minimising toxicities and cost. Standardisation of MRD methodology, incorporation of imaging into response assessment, and the optimal management of MRD positive patients are key questions to be addressed in future trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Winnie Z Y Teo
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Science Institute of Singapore (NCIS), National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Fast and Chronic Program, Alexandra Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ian Y E Ong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jason W Y Tong
- Department of General Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wan Li Ong
- Department of General Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Adeline Lin
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Science Institute of Singapore (NCIS), National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fangfang Song
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Science Institute of Singapore (NCIS), National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bee Choo Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Melissa Ooi
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Science Institute of Singapore (NCIS), National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cinnie Yentia Seokojo
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Science Institute of Singapore (NCIS), National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yunxin Chen
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Blood Cancer Centre, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Haematology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chandramouli Nagarajan
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Blood Cancer Centre, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Haematology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wee Joo Chng
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Science Institute of Singapore (NCIS), National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sanjay de Mel
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Science Institute of Singapore (NCIS), National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Giralt S, Jolles S, Kerre T, Lazarus HM, Mustafa SS, Papanicolaou GA, Ria R, Vinh DC, Wingard JR. Recommendations for Management of Secondary Antibody Deficiency in Multiple Myeloma. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA, MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2023; 23:719-732. [PMID: 37353432 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2023.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Secondary antibody deficiency (SAD) is a subtype of secondary immunodeficiency characterized by low serum antibody concentrations (hypogammaglobulinemia) or poor antibody function. SAD is common in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) due to underlying disease pathophysiology and treatment-related immune system effects. Patients with SAD are more susceptible to infections and infection-related morbidity and mortality. With therapeutic advancements improving MM disease control and survival, it is increasingly important to recognize and treat the often-overlooked concurrent immunodeficiency present in patients with MM. The aims of this review are to define SAD and its consequences in MM, increase SAD awareness, and provide recommendations for SAD management. Based on expert panel discussions at a standalone meeting and supportive literature, several recommendations were made. Firstly, all patients with MM should be suspected to have SAD regardless of serum antibody concentrations. Patients should be evaluated for immunodeficiency at MM diagnosis and stratified into management categories based on their individualized risk of SAD and infection. Infection-prevention strategy education, early infection reporting, and anti-infective prophylaxis are key. We recommend prophylactic antibiotics or immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT) should be considered in patients with severe hypogammaglobulinemia associated with a recurrent or persistent infection. To ensure an individualized and efficient treatment approach is utilized, patient's immunoglobin G concentration and infection burden should be closely monitored throughout treatment. Patient choice regarding route and IgRT treatment is also key in reducing treatment burden. Together, these recommendations and proposed management algorithms can be used to aid physician decision-making to improve patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Giralt
- Department of Medicine, Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Stephen Jolles
- Immunodeficiency Centre for Wales, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Tessa Kerre
- Department of Hematology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hillard M Lazarus
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - S Shahzad Mustafa
- Rochester Regional Health, Rochester, NY, United States; University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Genovefa A Papanicolaou
- Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Roberto Ria
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Donald C Vinh
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - John R Wingard
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Abdelmonem ME, Nooh HA, El Ashry MS. Clinical Relevance of Interferon Regulatory Family-4 (IRF4) Expression in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Multiple Myeloma. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2023; 39:525-536. [PMID: 37786826 PMCID: PMC10542031 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-023-01628-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell neoplasm with complex biology and heterogenous course. Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) transcription factor, important key developmental stages of hematopoiesis, represents an excellent potential therapeutic target. The present work aimed to investigate the expression status of IRF4 in the diagnostic bone marrow biopsy (BMB) cores of MM patients. This prospective study included 62 newly diagnosed MM patients. The expression of IRF4 was assessed in the BMB by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The data were correlated to the patients' clinico-pathological features, response to treatment and survival rates. IRF4 expression was observed in 50% of MM patients (31/62). IRF-4 positive patients were more frequently male patients (P = 0.018), have immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) translocations (P = 0.05) and tended to present with a higher platelets count (P = 0.07). Multiple myeloma patients presenting with urine M-protein had worse overall survival (OS) than negative cases (P = 0.012). Normocellular BM aspirate (BMA) was associated with better OS than hypercellular and hypocellular BMA (P = 0.006). Patchy distribution of plasma cells in BMB was associated with better disease-free survival (DFS) while diffuse infiltration had the worst (P = 0.019). Of note, after treatment, MM patients had significantly lower percentage of BMA plasma cells, platelet count, β2 microglobulin and creatinine levels (P = 0.037, < 0.001, 0.022 and 0.026, respectively). Had higher albumin level (P = 0.007), compared to initial investigations. No significant association was found between IRF4 expression and the patients'clinical outcomes. Patterns of plasma cells distribution in BMB, BMA cellularity and urine M-protein are prognostically relevant in MM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12288-023-01628-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hend A. Nooh
- Clinical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Kasr Al Eini Street, Fom El Khalig, P.O Box 11796, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona S. El Ashry
- Clinical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Kasr Al Eini Street, Fom El Khalig, P.O Box 11796, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Lee JY, Park SS, Jeon YW, Shin SH, Yahng SA, Min CK. Comparisons of efficacy between frontline treatment with bortezomib-melphalan-prednisone and lenalidomide-dexamethasone for transplant-ineligible multiple myeloma: a multicenter real-world based registry report, CAREMM-2102 study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:11907-11918. [PMID: 37418057 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04993-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bortezomib-melphalan-prednisone (VMP) and lenalidomide-dexamethasone (Rd) remain the standard treatments for transplant-ineligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). This study aimed to compare real-world benefits between the two regimens. We also were interested in exploring efficacy according to subsequent therapy following VMP or Rd. METHODS A total of 559 NDMM patients treated with VMP (n = 443, 79.2%) or Rd (n = 116, 20.8%) was recruited retrospectively from a multicenter database. RESULTS Rd provided more benefits than VMP-overall response rate: 92.2 vs. 81.8%, p = 0.018; median progression-free survival (PFS): 20.0 vs. 14.5 months, p <0.001; second PFS (PFS2): 43.9 vs. 36.9 months, p = 0.012; overall survival (OS): 100.1 vs. 85.0 months, p = 0.017. Multivariable analysis revealed significant benefits of Rd over VMP, with hazard ratios of 0.722, 0.627, and 0.586 for PFS, PFS2, and OS, respectively. In propensity score-matched cohorts with matched VMP (n = 201) and Rd (n = 67) arms to balance baseline characteristics, Rd still showed significantly better outcomes for PFS, PFS2, and OS than VMP. Following VMP failure, triplet therapy showed significant benefits for response and PFS2; after Rd failure, PFS2 with carfilzomib-dexamethasone was significantly better than bortezomib-based doublet treatment. CONCLUSION These real-world findings may assist with better selection between VMP and Rd as well as subsequent therapy for NDMM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Yeon Lee
- Department of Hematology, Seoul St. Mary's Hematology Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Soo Park
- Department of Hematology, Seoul St. Mary's Hematology Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Woo Jeon
- Department of Hematology, Yeoido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Shin
- Department of Hematology, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ah Yahng
- Department of Hematology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang-Ki Min
- Department of Hematology, Seoul St. Mary's Hematology Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Jandial A, Lad D, Jain A, Khadwal A, Singh C, Prakash G, Suri V, Sreedharanunni S, Sachdeva MUS, Ray P, Varma N, Varma S, Malhotra P. Characteristics and outcome of infectious complications after autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation in multiple myeloma patients. Transpl Infect Dis 2023; 25:e14123. [PMID: 37573150 DOI: 10.1111/tid.14123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality after autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (AHCT) in multiple myeloma (MM) patients. There has been a rapid advancement and evolution in MM treatment landscape in the last decade. There is limited information on post-AHCT infectious complications among MM patients with or without levofloxacin prophylaxis from developing countries. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective study to explore the incidence, pattern, and clinical outcome of infections following AHCT in MM patients from 2010 to 2019 at our center. Patient-specific, disease-specific, and transplant-specific details were retrieved from the case files. The characteristics of infectious complications (site, intensity, organism, treatment, and outcomes) were analyzed. All patients who underwent transplantation from 2010 to 2016 received levofloxacin antibiotic prophylaxis. Common terminology criteria for adverse events (CTCAE) criteria (v5.0) were used for the grading of infections and regimen-related toxicity. International Myeloma Working Group updated criteria were used for the assessment of disease response before transplant and at day +100. RESULTS Ninety-five consecutive patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) (n = 85), RRMM (n = 7), plasma cell leukemia (n = 2), and Polyneuropathy, Orgaomegaly, Endocrinopathy, Monoclonal gammopathy, skin abnormalities (POEMS) syndrome (n = 1) underwent AHCT during the study period. Their median age was 55 years (range 33-68); 55.8% were males. Immunoglobulin IgG kappa was the most common monoclonal protein (32.6%), International Staging System stage III disease was present in 45.3%, and 84.2% of patients achieved more than very good partial response before AHCT. The median time from diagnosis to AHCT was 10 months (range 4-144). Eighty-nine patients (93.7%) developed fever after AHCT. Fever of unknown focus, microbiologically confirmed infections, and clinically suspected infections were found in 50.5%, 37.9%, and 5.3% of patients, respectively. Clostridiodes difficile-associated diarrhea was observed in eight patients (8.4%). Neutrophil and platelet engraftment occurred after a median of 11 days (range 9-14) and 12 days (range 9-23), respectively. The median duration of hospital stay was 16 days (range 9-29). Only two patients (2.1%) required readmission for infections within 100 days of AHCT. Transplant-related mortality (TRM) in the study population was 4.2% (n = 4). The levofloxacin prophylaxis group (n = 32, 33.7%) had earlier neutrophil engraftment (day +10 vs. day +11) and platelet engraftment (day +11 vs. day +12), but time to fever onset, duration of fever, hospital stay, TRM, and day +100 readmission rates were not significantly different from those of patients without levofloxacin prophylaxis. There was no significant difference in the spectrum of infections between patients with and without levofloxacin prophylaxis. The overall survival and progression-free survival of the study population at 5 years were 72.7% and 64.8%, respectively. CONCLUSION This study shows that the incidence of infections and TRM are higher in MM patients from lower-middle income countries after AHCT than in those from developed countries. The majority of such patients lack clinical localization and microbiological proof of infection. There was no significant difference in the spectrum of infections and their outcomes in patients with and without levofloxacin prophylaxis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Jandial
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Deepesh Lad
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Arihant Jain
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Alka Khadwal
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Charanpreet Singh
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gaurav Prakash
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vikas Suri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sreejesh Sreedharanunni
- Department of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Man Updesh Singh Sachdeva
- Department of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pallab Ray
- Department of Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Neelam Varma
- Department of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Subhash Varma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pankaj Malhotra
- Department of Clinical Hematology and Medical Oncology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Hansen DK, Bixby T, Fixler K, Shea L, Brittle C, Brunisholz K, Liu YH, Huo JS. Experience of Autologous Stem Cell Transplant in Multiple Myeloma: The Patient and Caregiver Perspective. J Patient Exp 2023; 10:23743735231202733. [PMID: 37766811 PMCID: PMC10521273 DOI: 10.1177/23743735231202733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A qualitative study of the experiences of patients who received autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) was conducted to better understand their MM disease journey, including first symptoms, diagnosis, ASCT, and recovery. Sixteen participants, including 12 patients with MM and 4 caregivers of patients with MM, were interviewed in focus group meetings. Pain, weakness, and bone pain were common first symptoms among patients. The MM diagnosis was often made by a hematologist or oncologist. Patients were referred to a specialized oncologist after diagnosis, who was the primary driver in making ASCT treatment decisions. Eight patients received their ASCT in the inpatient setting, with some having lengthy hospital stays; 4 received their ASCT in an outpatient setting with 3 eventually being hospitalized. The focus groups identified that patients and caregivers perceived various unmet needs and impacts on quality of life throughout their transplant journey. Educational resources and innovative therapies are needed to reduce the disease burden of MM and enhance the quality of life for both patients and their caregivers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Todd Bixby
- Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Horsham, PA, USA
| | | | - Lisa Shea
- Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Horsham, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
71
|
Jia Y, Liu R, Shi L, Feng Y, Zhang L, Guo N, He A, Kong G. Integrative analysis of the prognostic value and immune microenvironment of mitophagy-related signature for multiple myeloma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:859. [PMID: 37700273 PMCID: PMC10496355 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11371-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma (MM) is a fatal malignant tumor in hematology. Mitophagy plays vital roles in the pathogenesis and drug sensitivity of MM. METHODS We acquired transcriptomic expression data and clinical index of MM patients from NCI public database, and 36 genes involved in mitophagy from the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) database. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis was conducted to construct a risk score prognostic model. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and receiver operation characteristic curves (ROC) were conducted to identify the efficiency of prognosis and diagnosis. ESTIMATE algorithm and immune-related single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was performed to uncover the level of immune infiltration. QRT-PCR was performed to verify gene expression in clinical samples of MM patients. The sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs was evaluated upon the database of the genomics of drug sensitivity in cancer (GDSC). RESULTS Fifty mitophagy-related genes were differently expressed in two independent cohorts. Ten out of these genes were identified to be related to MM overall survival (OS) rate. A prognostic risk signature model was built upon on these genes: VDAC1, PINK1, VPS13C, ATG13, and HUWE1, which predicted the survival of MM accurately and stably both in training and validation cohorts. MM patients suffered more adverse prognosis showed more higher risk core. In addition, the risk score was considered as an independent prognostic element for OS of MM patients by multivariate cox regression analysis. Functional pathway enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on risk score showed terms of cell cycle, immune response, mTOR pathway, and MYC targets were obviously enriched. Furthermore, MM patients with higher risk score were observed lower immune scores and lower immune infiltration levels. The results of qRT-PCR verified VDAC1, PINK1, and HUWE1 were dysregulated in new diagnosed MM patients. Finally, further analysis indicated MM patients showed more susceptive to bortezomib, lenalidomide and rapamycin in high-risk group. CONCLUSION Our research provided a neoteric prognostic model of MM based on mitophagy genes. The immune infiltration level based on risk score paved a better understanding of the participation of mitophagy in MM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yachun Jia
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Luyi Shi
- Precision Medical Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yuandong Feng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
- Precision Medical Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Ni Guo
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Aili He
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Guangyao Kong
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
- Precision Medical Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Manier S, Dimopoulos M, Hulin C, Leleu X, Delforge M, Weisel K, Mouro J, Costa B, Sturniolo M, Facon T. Predictors of Lenalidomide Refractory Relapse Timing With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: A FIRST Trial Subanalysis. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA, MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2023; 23:e297-e306.e1. [PMID: 37393121 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma (MM) is considered an incurable cancer. Patients with newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) are at risk for relapse within 1 year of frontline therapy. The immunomodulatory agent lenalidomide combined with dexamethasone (Rd) may be used as treatment for NDMM or relapsed MM, including in patients ineligible for autologous stem cell transplant. PATIENTS This subanalysis of the phase III FIRST trial characterized patients with transplant-ineligible NDMM who experienced relapse while receiving Rd therapy by relapse timing (early [<12 months] versus late [≥12 months]) and type (CRAB vs. non-CRAB). METHODS The Kaplan-Meier product limit method was used to estimate time-to-event endpoints, including progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Factors associated with the odds of late relapse were identified by logistic regression with univariate and multivariate analyses using a binary outcome (relapse at <12 vs. ≥12 months) in patient-, disease-, and treatment-specific baseline variables. RESULTS Patients with early refractory relapse had functionally high-risk disease and inferior outcomes. In patients with early relapse versus those with late relapse, median OS (95% CI) was 26.8 months (21.9-32.8) versus 63.9 months (57.0-78.0), median OS from disease progression to death was 19.9 months (16.0-25.5) versus 36.4 months (27.9-47.0), and median PFS from randomization to second progression was 19.1 months (17.3-22.5) versus 42.1 months (37.4-44.9). Lactate dehydrogenase, baseline β2 microglobulin, and myeloma subtype were shown to predict time to relapse. CONCLUSIONS Clinicians could use these factors to consider more aggressive treatment regimens for those at highest risk of early relapse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salomon Manier
- Department of Hematology, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France.
| | - Meletios Dimopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Cyrille Hulin
- Department of Hematology, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, University Hospital, Pessac, France
| | - Xavier Leleu
- Department of Hematology and Cellular Therapy, CIC U1402 CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | | | - Katja Weisel
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Department of Pneumonology, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jorge Mouro
- Worldwide Medical Affairs, Celgene International Sàrl, a Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Boudry, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Costa
- Worldwide Medical Affairs, Celgene International Sàrl, a Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Boudry, Switzerland
| | - Michael Sturniolo
- Worldwide Medical Affairs, Celgene, a Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ
| | - Thierry Facon
- Department of Hematology, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Verhoeven D, Grinwis L, Marsman C, Jansen MH, Van Leeuwen EM, Kuijpers TW. B-cell targeting with anti-CD38 daratumumab: implications for differentiation and memory responses. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202302214. [PMID: 37419630 PMCID: PMC10331639 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
B cell-targeted therapies, such as CD20-targeting mAbs, deplete B cells but do not target the autoantibody-producing plasma cells (PCs). PC-targeting therapies such as daratumumab (anti-CD38) form an attractive approach to treat PC-mediated diseases. CD38 possesses enzymatic and receptor capabilities, which may impact a range of cellular processes including proliferation and differentiation. However, very little is known whether and how CD38 targeting affects B-cell differentiation, in particular for humans beyond cancer settings. Using in-depth in vitro B-cell differentiation assays and signaling pathway analysis, we show that CD38 targeting with daratumumab demonstrated a significant decrease in proliferation, differentiation, and IgG production upon T cell-dependent B-cell stimulation. We found no effect on T-cell activation or proliferation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that daratumumab attenuated the activation of NF-κB in B cells and the transcription of NF-κB-targeted genes. When culturing sorted B-cell subsets with daratumumab, the switched memory B-cell subset was primarily affected. Overall, these in vitro data elucidate novel non-depleting mechanisms by which daratumumab can disturb humoral immune responses. Affecting memory B cells, daratumumab may be used as a therapeutic approach in B cell-mediated diseases other than the currently targeted malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorit Verhoeven
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lucas Grinwis
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Casper Marsman
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Department of Immunopathology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Machiel H Jansen
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ester Mm Van Leeuwen
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Taco W Kuijpers
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Sudul P, Piatkowska-Jakubas B, Pawlinski L, Galazka K, Sacha T, Kiec-Wilk B. The Complexities of Diagnosis with Co-Existing Gaucher Disease and Hemato-Oncology-A Case Report and Review of the Literature. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5518. [PMID: 37685585 PMCID: PMC10488105 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12175518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematological abnormalities are the most common early symptoms of Gaucher disease (GD), with an increased risk of hematopoietic system malignancies reported in patients with GD. GD may be associated with monoclonal and polyclonal gammopathies; however, the mechanism of association of GD with multiple myeloma (MM) remains uncertain. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) has been shown to improve patients' cytopenia and it seems to facilitate anti-myeloma therapy in patients with co-occurring GD and MM. Although it is necessary to demonstrate the deficiency of enzymatic activity, as well as using genetic tests to finally diagnose GD, due to changes in the blood count image, bone marrow biopsy is still a frequent element of the GD diagnosis procedure. The diagnosis of GD is often delayed, mainly due to the heterogeneity of the histopathological picture of bone marrow biopsy or overlapping hematological abnormalities. Unrecognized and untreated GD worsens the response of a patient with an oncological disease to targeted treatment. We present a literature review, inspired by the case of a Caucasian patient initially diagnosed with MM and later confirmed with comorbid GD type 1 (GD1). We would like to point out the problem of underdiagnosis and delay in patients with GD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Sudul
- University Hospital, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
- Unit of Rare Metabolic Diseases, Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Beata Piatkowska-Jakubas
- University Hospital, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
- Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-501 Krakow, Poland
| | - Lukasz Pawlinski
- University Hospital, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
- European Reference Network for Rare Metabolic Disease MetabERN, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Krystyna Galazka
- Department of Pathomorphology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-531 Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Sacha
- University Hospital, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
- Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-501 Krakow, Poland
| | - Beata Kiec-Wilk
- University Hospital, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
- Unit of Rare Metabolic Diseases, Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
- European Reference Network for Rare Metabolic Disease MetabERN, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Yu Z, Qiu B, Zhou H, Li L, Niu T. Characterization and application of a lactate and branched chain amino acid metabolism related gene signature in a prognosis risk model for multiple myeloma. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:169. [PMID: 37580667 PMCID: PMC10426219 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03007-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND About 10% of hematologic malignancies are multiple myeloma (MM), an untreatable cancer. Although lactate and branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are involved in supporting various tumor growth, it is unknown whether they have any bearing on MM prognosis. METHODS MM-related datasets (GSE4581, GSE136337, and TCGA-MM) were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Lactate and BCAA metabolism-related subtypes were acquired separately via the R package "ConsensusClusterPlus" in the GSE4281 dataset. The R package "limma" and Venn diagram were both employed to identify lactate-BCAA metabolism-related genes. Subsequently, a lactate-BCAA metabolism-related prognostic risk model for MM patients was constructed by univariate Cox, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO), and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and R package "clusterProfiler"were applied to explore the biological variations between two groups. Moreover, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), Microenvironment Cell Populations-counter (MCPcounte), and xCell techniques were applied to assess tumor microenvironment (TME) scores in MM. Finally, the drug's IC50 for treating MM was calculated using the "oncoPredict" package, and further drug identification was performed by molecular docking. RESULTS Cluster 1 demonstrated a worse prognosis than cluster 2 in both lactate metabolism-related subtypes and BCAA metabolism-related subtypes. 244 genes were determined to be involved in lactate-BCAA metabolism in MM. The prognostic risk model was constructed by CKS2 and LYZ selected from this group of genes for MM, then the prognostic risk model was also stable in external datasets. For the high-risk group, a total of 13 entries were enriched. 16 entries were enriched to the low-risk group. Immune scores, stromal scores, immune infiltrating cells (except Type 17 T helper cells in ssGSEA algorithm), and 168 drugs'IC50 were statistically different between two groups. Alkylating potentially serves as a new agent for MM treatment. CONCLUSIONS CKS2 and LYZ were identified as lactate-BCAA metabolism-related genes in MM, then a novel prognostic risk model was built by using them. In summary, this research may uncover novel characteristic genes signature for the treatment and prognostic of MM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Yu
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Bingquan Qiu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Linfeng Li
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Niu
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Jia Y, Yu X, Liu R, Shi L, Jin H, Yang D, Zhang X, Shen Y, Feng Y, Zhang P, Yang Y, Zhang L, Zhang P, Li Z, He A, Kong G. PRMT1 methylation of WTAP promotes multiple myeloma tumorigenesis by activating oxidative phosphorylation via m6A modification of NDUFS6. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:512. [PMID: 37558663 PMCID: PMC10412649 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06036-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications play important roles during the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM). Herein, we found that protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) was highly expressed in MM patients, which was positively correlated with MM stages. High PRMT1 expression was correlated with adverse prognosis in MM patients. We further showed that silencing PRMT1 inhibited MM proliferation and tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we revealed that the knockdown of PRMT1 reduced the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) of MM cells through NDUFS6 downregulation. Meanwhile, we identified that WTAP, a key component of the m6A methyltransferase complex, was methylated by PRMT1, and NDUFS6 was identified as a bona fide m6A target of WTAP. Finally, we found that the combination of PRMT1 inhibitor and bortezomib synergistically inhibited MM progression. Collectively, our results demonstrate that PRMT1 plays a crucial role during MM tumorigenesis and suggeste that PRMT1 could be a potential therapeutic target in MM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yachun Jia
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Yu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Luyi Shi
- Precision Medical Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Hua Jin
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
- Precision Medical Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Dan Yang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Ying Shen
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yuandong Feng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Peihua Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yi Yang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
- Precision Medical Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
- Precision Medical Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Pengyu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Zongfang Li
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Aili He
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Guangyao Kong
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
- Precision Medical Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Medina-Herrera A, Sarasquete ME, Jiménez C, Puig N, García-Sanz R. Minimal Residual Disease in Multiple Myeloma: Past, Present, and Future. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3687. [PMID: 37509348 PMCID: PMC10377959 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Responses to treatment have improved over the last decades for patients with multiple myeloma. This is a consequence of the introduction of new drugs that have been successfully combined in different clinical contexts: newly diagnosed, transplant-eligible or ineligible patients, as well as in the relapsed/refractory setting. However, a great proportion of patients continue to relapse, even those achieving complete response, which underlines the need for updated response criteria. In 2014, the international myeloma working group established new levels of response, prompting the evaluation of minimal residual disease (MRD) for those patients already in complete or stringent complete response as defined by conventional serological assessments: the absence of tumor plasma cells in 100,000 total cells or more define molecular and immunophenotypic responses by next-generation sequencing and flow cytometry, respectively. In this review, we describe all the potential methods that may be used for MRD detection based on the evidence found in the literature, paying special attention to their advantages and pitfalls from a critical perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Medina-Herrera
- Departament of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUSA/IBSAL), CIBERONC, CIC-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Eugenia Sarasquete
- Departament of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUSA/IBSAL), CIBERONC, CIC-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Cristina Jiménez
- Departament of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUSA/IBSAL), CIBERONC, CIC-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Noemí Puig
- Departament of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUSA/IBSAL), CIBERONC, CIC-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ramón García-Sanz
- Departament of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUSA/IBSAL), CIBERONC, CIC-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Yavorkovsky LL. The role of staging in multiple myeloma. Expert Rev Hematol 2023; 16:933-942. [PMID: 37902242 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2023.2277876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The importance of cancer staging is determined by how accurately it can predict prognosis, and how useful it is for treatment decisions. Compared to other malignancies, multiple myeloma (MM) staging proved more challenging because of unreliable prognostic factors and wide-ranging life expectancy. As traditional MM staging continues to evolve, it requires reassessment of its prognostic and predictive value. AREAS COVERED The studies that included prognostic and predictive value of MM stages from 1975 through 2023 were selected for this review using PubMed, MEDLINE platforms. The history and evolution of MM staging are revisited, including its role in predicting survival, treatment planning and potential practical implications for the future. The role of MM staging for oncological practice and patient counseling is discussed. EXPERT OPINION The utility of the traditional MM staging remains unsatisfactory because it lacks a strong connection with the disease biology, prognosis or treatment planning. Additionally, it demonstrates a modest value for patient counseling because individual prognosis is subject to under- or overestimation, and the median survival or survival rates are difficult concepts to grasp. Although the role of MM stages may change in the future, the current research upholds the notion that MM staging benefits more medical research and clinical trials than oncological practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonid L Yavorkovsky
- Kaiser Permanente San Jose Medical Center, Oncology Division, 271 International Circle, San Jose, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Yadav S, Gundeti S, Bhave A, Deb U, Dixit J, Mishra K. Role of daratumumab in the frontline management of multiple myeloma: a narrative review. Expert Rev Hematol 2023; 16:743-760. [PMID: 37585685 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2023.2246651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of multiple myeloma (MM) has gradually increased over the last few decades in India due to growing population, better disease awareness, and improved diagnostic procedures. Despite such advances, MM remains an incurable and relapsing disease due to its heterogeneity and genomic instability. With the inclusion of monoclonal antibodies, especially daratumumab in the frontline regimen, the management landscape of MM has improved significantly resulting in better disease control and patient outcomes. AREAS COVERED This review aims to provide an in-depth summary of efficacy and safety of frontline daratumumab therapy in treatment of MM including patients with high-risk cytogenetic profile. EXPERT OPINION Based on the review of literature, daratumumab in frontline therapy has demonstrated improved efficacy in terms of reduction in disease progression or death, and superior minimal residual disease (MRD)-negativity rates with an acceptable safety profile in patients with newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) including patients with high-risk cytogenetic profile. Daratumumab alone or in combination with other drugs has shown similar clinical outcomes in patients with relapsed/refractory MM. Hence, daratumumab can be used upfront in patients with MM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Yadav
- Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Sadashivudu Gundeti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India
| | - Abhay Bhave
- Department of Hematology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Uttiya Deb
- Medical Affairs, Johnson and Johnson Private Limited, Mumbai, India
| | - Jitendra Dixit
- Medical Affairs, Johnson and Johnson Private Limited, Mumbai, India
| | - Kundan Mishra
- Department of Hematology, Command Hospital, Lucknow, India
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Aghaee M, Ledzewicz U, Robbins M, Bezman N, Jay Cho H, Moore H. Determining Optimal Combination Regimens for Patients with Multiple Myeloma. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023:106492. [PMID: 37302768 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
While many novel therapies have been approved in recent years for treating patients with multiple myeloma, there is still no established curative regimen, especially for patients with high-risk disease. In this work, we use a mathematical modeling approach to determine combination therapy regimens that maximize healthy lifespan for patients with multiple myeloma. We start with a mathematical model for the underlying disease and immune dynamics, which was presented and analyzed previously. We add the effects of three therapies to the model: pomalidomide, dexamethasone, and elotuzumab. We consider multiple approaches to optimizing combinations of these therapies. We find that optimal control combined with approximation outperforms other methods, in that it can quickly produce a combination regimen that is clinically-feasible and near-optimal. Implications of this work can be used to optimize doses and advance the scheduling of drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahya Aghaee
- Laboratory for Systems Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Urszula Ledzewicz
- Institute of Mathematics, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland; Dept. of Mathematics and Statistics, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, USA
| | | | - Natalie Bezman
- Oncology Research and Development, Pfizer, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Hearn Jay Cho
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Helen Moore
- Laboratory for Systems Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Griffin R, Hanson HA, Avery BJ, Madsen MJ, Sborov DW, Camp NJ. Deep Transcriptome Profiling of Multiple Myeloma Using Quantitative Phenotypes. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023; 32:708-717. [PMID: 36857768 PMCID: PMC10150248 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-22-0798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcriptome studies are gaining momentum in genomic epidemiology, and the need to incorporate these data in multivariable models alongside other risk factors brings demands for new approaches. METHODS Here we describe SPECTRA, an approach to derive quantitative variables that capture the intrinsic variation in gene expression of a tissue type. We applied the SPECTRA approach to bulk RNA sequencing from malignant cells (CD138+) in patients from the Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation CoMMpass study. RESULTS A set of 39 spectra variables were derived to represent multiple myeloma cells. We used these variables in predictive modeling to determine spectra-based risk scores for overall survival, progression-free survival, and time to treatment failure. Risk scores added predictive value beyond known clinical and expression risk factors and replicated in an external dataset. Spectrum variable S5, a significant predictor for all three outcomes, showed pre-ranked gene set enrichment for the unfolded protein response, a mechanism targeted by proteasome inhibitors which are a common first line agent in multiple myeloma treatment. We further used the 39 spectra variables in descriptive modeling, with significant associations found with tumor cytogenetics, race, gender, and age at diagnosis; factors known to influence multiple myeloma incidence or progression. CONCLUSIONS Quantitative variables from the SPECTRA approach can predict clinical outcomes in multiple myeloma and provide a new avenue for insight into tumor differences by demographic groups. IMPACT The SPECTRA approach provides a set of quantitative phenotypes that deeply profile a tissue and allows for more comprehensive modeling of gene expression with other risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosalie Griffin
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Computational Biology, Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Heidi A. Hanson
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Brian J. Avery
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Michael J. Madsen
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Douglas W. Sborov
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Nicola J. Camp
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Sun K, Jin L, Karolová J, Vorwerk J, Hailfinger S, Opalka B, Zapukhlyak M, Lenz G, Khandanpour C. Combination Treatment Targeting mTOR and MAPK Pathways Has Synergistic Activity in Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082373. [PMID: 37190302 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable, malignant B cell disorder characterized by frequent relapses and a poor prognosis. Thus, new therapeutic approaches are warranted. The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway plays a key role in many critical cellular processes, including cell proliferation and survival. Activated PI3K/AKT (protein kinases B)/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling has been identified in MM primary patient samples and cell lines. In this study, the efficacy of PI3K and mTOR inhibitors in various MM cell lines representing three different prognostic subtypes was tested. Whereas MM cell lines were rather resistant to PI3K inhibition, treatment with the mTOR inhibitor temsirolimus decreases the phosphorylation of key molecules in the PI3K pathway in MM cell lines, leading to G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and thus reduced proliferation. Strikingly, the efficacy of temsirolimus was amplified by combining the treatment with the Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor trametinib. Our findings provide a scientific rationale for the simultaneous inhibition of mTOR and MEK as a novel strategy for the treatment of MM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyan Sun
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Hemostaseology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ling Jin
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Hemostaseology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jana Karolová
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Hemostaseology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 12108 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vorwerk
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Hemostaseology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stephan Hailfinger
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Hemostaseology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bertram Opalka
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, West German Cancer Center (WTZ), University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Myroslav Zapukhlyak
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Hemostaseology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Georg Lenz
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Hemostaseology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Cyrus Khandanpour
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Hemostaseology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein and University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Kunnumakkara AB, Hegde M, Parama D, Girisa S, Kumar A, Daimary UD, Garodia P, Yenisetti SC, Oommen OV, Aggarwal BB. Role of Turmeric and Curcumin in Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases: Lessons Learned from Clinical Trials. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:447-518. [PMID: 37082752 PMCID: PMC10111629 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Turmeric (Curcuma longa) has been used for thousands of years for the prevention and treatment of various chronic diseases. Curcumin is just one of >200 ingredients in turmeric. Almost 7000 scientific papers on turmeric and almost 20,000 on curcumin have been published in PubMed. Scientific reports based on cell culture or animal studies are often not reproducible in humans. Therefore, human clinical trials are the best indicators for the prevention and treatment of a disease using a given agent/drug. Herein, we conducted an extensive literature survey on PubMed and Scopus following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The keywords "turmeric and clinical trials" and "curcumin and clinical trials" were considered for data mining. A total of 148 references were found to be relevant for the key term "turmeric and clinical trials", of which 70 were common in both PubMed and Scopus, 44 were unique to PubMed, and 34 were unique to Scopus. Similarly, for the search term "curcumin and clinical trials", 440 references were found to be relevant, of which 70 were unique to PubMed, 110 were unique to Scopus, and 260 were common to both databases. These studies show that the golden spice has enormous health and medicinal benefits for humans. This Review will extract and summarize the lessons learned about turmeric and curcumin in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases based on clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
| | - Mangala Hegde
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
| | - Dey Parama
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
| | - Uzini Devi Daimary
- Department
of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam-781039, India
| | - Prachi Garodia
- Integrative
Research Center, Miami, Florida 33125, United States
| | - Sarat Chandra Yenisetti
- Department
of Zoology, Drosophila Neurobiology Laboratory, Nagaland University (Central), Lumami, Nagaland-798627, India
| | - Oommen V. Oommen
- Department
of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala-695581, India
| | - Bharat B. Aggarwal
- Inflammation
Research Center, San Diego, California 92109, United States
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Guo N, Song Y, Zi F, Zheng J, Cheng J. Abnormal expression pattern of lncRNA H19 participates in multiple myeloma bone disease by unbalancing osteogenesis and osteolysis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110058. [PMID: 37058751 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating genetic and epigenetic alterations in multiple myeloma (MM) have been demonstrated to be closely associated with osteolytic bone disease, generally characterized as increased osteoclast formation and decreased osteoblast activity. Previously, serum long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 has been proved to be a biomarker for the diagnosis of MM. Whereas, its role in MM-associated bone homeostasis remains largely elusive. METHODS A cohort of 42 MM patients and 40 healthy volunteers were enrolled for evaluating differential expressions of H19 and its downstream effectors. The proliferative capacity of MM cells was monitored by CCK-8 assay. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and activity detection, either with Alizarin red staining (ARS) were employed to assess osteoblast formation. Osteoblast- or osteoclast-associated gene were detected using qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. Bioinformatics analysis, RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) were subjected to verify H19/miR-532-3p/E2F7/EZH2 axis, which was accounted for epigenetic suppression of PTEN. The functional role of H19 on MM development through unbalancing osteolysis and osteogenesis was also confirmed in the murine MM model. RESULTS Upregulation of serum H19 was observed in MM patients, suggesting its positive correlation with the poor prognosis of MM patients. Loss of H19 dramatically weakened cell proliferation of MM cells, promoted osteoblastic differentiation, and impaired osteoclast activity. While reinforced H19 exhibited the opposite effects. Akt/mTOR signaling plays an indispensable role in H19-mediated osteoblast formation and osteoclastgenesis. Mechanistically, H19 served as a sponge for miR-532-3p to upregulate E2F7, a transcriptional activator of EZH2, thereby accounting for modulating epigenetic suppression of PTEN. The in vivo experiments further validated that H19 exerted important impacts on tumor growth through breaking the balance between osteogenesis and osteolysis via Akt/mTOR signaling. CONCLUSION Collectively, increased enrichment of H19 in MM cells exhibits an essential role in MM development by disturbing bone homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ninghong Guo
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Yuan Song
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Fuming Zi
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Jifu Zheng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Mereu E, Abbo D, Paradzik T, Cumerlato M, Bandini C, Labrador M, Maccagno M, Ronchetti D, Manicardi V, Neri A, Piva R. Euchromatic Histone Lysine Methyltransferase 2 Inhibition Enhances Carfilzomib Sensitivity and Overcomes Drug Resistance in Multiple Myeloma Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082199. [PMID: 37190128 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitors (PIs) are extensively used for the therapy of multiple myeloma. However, patients continuously relapse or are intrinsically resistant to this class of drugs. In addition, adverse toxic effects such as peripheral neuropathy and cardiotoxicity could arise. Here, to identify compounds that can increase the efficacy of PIs, we performed a functional screening using a library of small-molecule inhibitors covering key signaling pathways. Among the best synthetic lethal interactions, the euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2 (EHMT2) inhibitor UNC0642 displayed a cooperative effect with carfilzomib (CFZ) in numerous multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines, including drug-resistant models. In MM patients, EHMT2 expression correlated to worse overall and progression-free survival. Moreover, EHMT2 levels were significantly increased in bortezomib-resistant patients. We demonstrated that CFZ/UNC0642 combination exhibited a favorable cytotoxicity profile toward peripheral blood mononuclear cells and bone-marrow-derived stromal cells. To exclude off-target effects, we proved that UNC0642 treatment reduces EHMT2-related molecular markers and that an alternative EHMT2 inhibitor recapitulated the synergistic activity with CFZ. Finally, we showed that the combinatorial treatment significantly perturbs autophagy and the DNA damage repair pathways, suggesting a multi-layered mechanism of action. Overall, the present study demonstrates that EHMT2 inhibition could provide a valuable strategy to enhance PI sensitivity and overcome drug resistance in MM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Mereu
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Damiano Abbo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Tina Paradzik
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Rudjer Boskovic Insitute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Michela Cumerlato
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Cecilia Bandini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Labrador
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Monica Maccagno
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Domenica Ronchetti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Manicardi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Antonino Neri
- Scientific Directorate, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Roberto Piva
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Medical Genetics Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Samur MK, Roncador M, Aktas Samur A, Fulciniti M, Bazarbachi AH, Szalat R, Shammas MA, Sperling AS, Richardson PG, Magrangeas F, Minvielle S, Perrot A, Corre J, Moreau P, Thakurta A, Parmigiani G, Anderson KC, Avet-Loiseau H, Munshi NC. High-dose melphalan treatment significantly increases mutational burden at relapse in multiple myeloma. Blood 2023; 141:1724-1736. [PMID: 36603186 PMCID: PMC10273091 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022017094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High-dose melphalan (HDM) improves progression-free survival in multiple myeloma (MM), yet melphalan is a DNA-damaging alkylating agent; therefore, we assessed its mutational effect on surviving myeloma cells by analyzing paired MM samples collected at diagnosis and relapse in the IFM 2009 study. We performed deep whole-genome sequencing on samples from 68 patients, 43 of whom were treated with RVD (lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone) and 25 with RVD + HDM. Although the number of mutations was similar at diagnosis in both groups (7137 vs 7230; P = .67), the HDM group had significantly more mutations at relapse (9242 vs 13 383, P = .005). No change in the frequency of copy number alterations or structural variants was observed. The newly acquired mutations were typically associated with DNA damage and double-stranded breaks and were predominantly on the transcribed strand. A machine learning model, using this unique pattern, predicted patients who would receive HDM with high sensitivity, specificity, and positive prediction value. Clonal evolution analysis showed that all patients treated with HDM had clonal selection, whereas a static progression was observed with RVD. A significantly higher percentage of mutations were subclonal in the HDM cohort. Intriguingly, patients treated with HDM who achieved complete remission (CR) had significantly more mutations at relapse yet had similar survival rates as those treated with RVD who achieved CR. This similarity could have been due to HDM relapse samples having significantly more neoantigens. Overall, our study identifies increased genomic changes associated with HDM and provides rationale to further understand clonal complexity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Kemal Samur
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | | | - Anil Aktas Samur
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - Mariateresa Fulciniti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - Abdul Hamid Bazarbachi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Raphael Szalat
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Masood A. Shammas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - Adam S. Sperling
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - Paul G. Richardson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - Florence Magrangeas
- Center for Research in Cancerology and Immunology Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), INSERM, French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), Angers University, and Nantes University, Nantes, France
| | - Stephane Minvielle
- Center for Research in Cancerology and Immunology Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), INSERM, French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), Angers University, and Nantes University, Nantes, France
| | - Aurore Perrot
- University Cancer Center of Toulouse Institut National de la Santé, Toulouse, France
| | - Jill Corre
- University Cancer Center of Toulouse Institut National de la Santé, Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Moreau
- Center for Research in Cancerology and Immunology Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), INSERM, French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), Angers University, and Nantes University, Nantes, France
| | | | - Giovanni Parmigiani
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - Kenneth C. Anderson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - Hervé Avet-Loiseau
- University Cancer Center of Toulouse Institut National de la Santé, Toulouse, France
| | - Nikhil C. Munshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Dima D, Ullah F, Mazzoni S, Williams L, Faiman B, Kurkowski A, Chaulagain C, Raza S, Samaras C, Valent J, Khouri J, Anwer F. Management of Relapsed-Refractory Multiple Myeloma in the Era of Advanced Therapies: Evidence-Based Recommendations for Routine Clinical Practice. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2160. [PMID: 37046821 PMCID: PMC10093129 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematologic malignancy in adults worldwide. Over the past few years, major therapeutic advances have improved progression-free and overall survival, as well as quality of life. Despite this recent progress, MM remains incurable in the vast majority of cases. Patients eventually relapse and become refractory to multiple drug classes, making long-term management challenging. In this review, we will focus on the treatment paradigm of relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM) in the era of advanced therapies emphasizing the available novel modalities that have recently been incorporated into routine practice, such as chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, bispecific antibodies, and other promising approaches. We will also discuss major factors that influence the selection of appropriate drug combinations or cellular therapies, such as relapse characteristics, and other disease and patient related parameters. Our goal is to provide insight into the currently available and experimental therapies for RRMM in an effort to guide the therapeutic decision-making process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danai Dima
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Fauzia Ullah
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Sandra Mazzoni
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Louis Williams
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Beth Faiman
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Austin Kurkowski
- Department of Pharmacy, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Chakra Chaulagain
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Maroone Cancer Center, Weston, FL 33331, USA
| | - Shahzad Raza
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Christy Samaras
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jason Valent
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jack Khouri
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Faiz Anwer
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Divekar O, Ajayi B, Barkham B, Bernard J, Bishop T, Reyal Y, Willis F, Boyd K, Lui D, Coomber R. Chemotherapy May Obviate Prophylactic Femoral Nail Surgery for Multiple Myeloma Patients With High Mirels' Score Lesions and Impending Pathological Hip Fracture. Cureus 2023; 15:e37670. [PMID: 37206489 PMCID: PMC10189663 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone involvement presents in >80% of patients with multiple myeloma. This causes lytic lesions for which prophylactic surgery is indicated to prevent pathological fractures if the lesion is graded ≥9/12 on Mirels' score. Although successful, these surgeries have risks and extended recovery periods. We present a case indicating myeloma chemotherapy may obviate prophylactic femoral nailing for high Mirels' score lesions in the femoral head with impending pathological hip fracture. A 72-year-old woman presented in December 2017 with back pain. A plain X-ray indicated degenerative anterolisthesis in her lumbosacral spine. Serum analysis revealed abnormal protein, globulin, alkaline phosphatase, and albumin levels while protein electrophoresis and serum immunofixation revealed raised immunoglobulin A (IgA) kappa paraprotein and kappa serum free light chains, respectively. Whole-body CT scans showed widespread lytic bone lesions and bone marrow biopsy confirmed infiltration by plasma cells. She was diagnosed with International Staging System (ISS) stage 3 multiple myeloma, which was successfully treated with bortezomib, thalidomide and dexamethasone with regular bisphosphonates that year. She presented again to the hospital in June 2020 with acute back and pelvic pain; Her paraprotein and serum-free light chains had increased significantly from her previous clinic appointment, indicating serological progression. MRI showed a relapse of the myeloma deposits in her right femoral head and spine. The deposit in her femoral head was graded 10/12 on Mirels' score, which indicated prophylactic femoral nailing. Instead, the patient was treated with daratumumab, bortezomib, and dexamethasone with escalation to monthly zoledronic acid infusions, as it was thought surgery would provide limited cytoreductive effect, preventing chemotherapy for six weeks post-surgery, potentiating pathological hip fracture and disease progression at other sites. This resulted in a complete response, thus reducing the deposits such that the femoral lesion was graded <8 on Mirels' score, improved her pain, and restored her ability to traverse stairs. She remains in complete response with ongoing daratumumab and denosumab maintenance treatment as of December 2022. Chemotherapy and bisphosphonates substantially reduced the myeloma deposit in the femoral head such that indications of prophylactic surgery were eliminated according to Mirels' score recommendations. This reduced the risk of pathological hip fracture whilst eliminating surgical complications. Further research should be conducted into the safety and efficacy of this treatment regimen in patients with high Mirels' score lesions. With this knowledge, consideration can be taken as to whether prophylactic femoral nailing is necessary given strong indications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omkaar Divekar
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, St. George's University Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Bisola Ajayi
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, St. George's University Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Ben Barkham
- Orthopaedics, St. George's University Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Jason Bernard
- Complex Spinal Surgery, St. George's University Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Tim Bishop
- Complex Spinal Surgery, St. George's University Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Yasmin Reyal
- Hematology and Oncology, St. George's University Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Fenella Willis
- Hematology and Oncology, St. George's University Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Kevin Boyd
- Haematology, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Darren Lui
- Orthopaedics, St. George's Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Ross Coomber
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, St. George's University Hospital, London, GBR
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Bessou A, Colin X, De Nascimento J, Sopwith W, Ferrante S, Gorsh B, Gutierrez B, Sansbury L, Willson J, Sapra S, Paka P, Wang F. Assessing the treatment pattern, health care resource utilisation, and economic burden of multiple myeloma in France using the Système National des Données de Santé (SNDS) database: a retrospective cohort study. THE EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS : HEPAC : HEALTH ECONOMICS IN PREVENTION AND CARE 2023; 24:321-333. [PMID: 35610398 PMCID: PMC10060291 DOI: 10.1007/s10198-022-01463-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Real-world data on health care resource utilisation (HCRU) and costs for French patients with multiple myeloma (MM) are limited due to the quickly evolving MM treatment landscape. This retrospective, national-level study quantified the MM economic burden in France. METHODS The study included patients with newly diagnosed MM from the Système National des Données de Santé coverage claims database between 2013 and 2018 who received active treatment within 30 days of diagnosis. HCRU included hospitalisations, drugs, consultations, procedures, tests, devices, transport, and sick leave. Costs were annualized to 2019 prices. Drug treatments, reported by line of therapy (LOT), were algorithmically defined using drug regimen, duration of therapy, and gaps between treatments. Analyses were stratified by stem cell transplantation status and LOT. RESULTS Among 6413 eligible patients, 6229 (97.1%) received ≥ 1 identifiable LOT; most received 1 (39.8%) or 2 LOT (27.5%) during follow-up. Average annual hospitalisation was 6.3 episodes/patient/year (median duration: 11.6 days). The average annual cost/patient was €58.3 K. Key cost drivers were treatment (€28.2 K; 39.5% of total HCRU within one year of MM diagnosis) and hospitalisations (€22.2 K; 48.6% of total HCRU costs in first year). Monthly treatment-related costs increased from LOT1 (€2.447 K) and LOT5 + (€7.026 K); only 9% of patients received LOT5 + . At LOT4 + , 37 distinct regimens were identified. Hospitalisation costs were higher in patients with stem cell transplantation than total population, particularly in the first year. CONCLUSIONS This study showed a high economic burden of MM in France (€72.37 K/patient/year in the first year) and the diversity of regimens used in late-line treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shannon Ferrante
- Value Evidence and Outcomes, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Boris Gorsh
- Value Evidence and Outcomes, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Benjamin Gutierrez
- Value Evidence and Outcomes, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Leah Sansbury
- Value Evidence and Outcomes, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jenny Willson
- Value Evidence and Outcomes, GlaxoSmithKline, London, UK
| | - Sandhya Sapra
- Value Evidence and Outcomes, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Prani Paka
- Global Medical Affairs, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Feng Wang
- Value Evidence and Outcomes, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, Collegeville, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Raje N, Mateos MV, Iida S, Reece D. Clinical evidence for immune-based strategies in early-line multiple myeloma: current challenges in decision-making for subsequent therapy. Blood Cancer J 2023; 13:41. [PMID: 36944635 PMCID: PMC10030780 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-023-00804-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Almost all patients with multiple myeloma (MM) will eventually develop disease that has relapsed with or become refractory to available treatments and will require additional therapy. However, data are still lacking on how best to sequence regimens in the relapsed/refractory (RR) setting after the failure of early-line lenalidomide, bortezomib, and/or daratumumab, the most commonly used agents in clinical practice today. With the treatment landscape rapidly changing in response to emerging clinical trial data and approvals of several new drugs and additional combinations, it is critically important to focus on patients with RRMM. Variability in patient baseline characteristics, such as the number of prior lines of treatment, refractoriness to prior treatments, prior stem cell transplant, and timing and dosing of prior lenalidomide, makes it difficult to select the best options for patients with RRMM for whom first-line treatments have failed. The aim of this review is to provide both an overview of current therapies and future directions within the RRMM treatment landscape, and a framework for clinicians to choose the most promising next treatment option.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noopur Raje
- Department of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - María-Victoria Mateos
- University Hospital of Salamanca/IBSAL/Cancer Research Center-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Shinsuke Iida
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Donna Reece
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Kirkpatrick S, Campbell K, Harding S. A survey of quality-of-life tools used in the routine care of patients with multiple myeloma. BRITISH JOURNAL OF NURSING (MARK ALLEN PUBLISHING) 2023; 32:S10-S14. [PMID: 36913337 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2023.32.5.s10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New treatment options have significantly improved the life expectancy of myeloma patients such that their cause of death is increasingly likely to be from something other than myeloma. Furthermore, the adverse effects of short- or long-term treatments as well as the disease are impacting on quality of life (QoL) for longer periods of time. Understanding people's QoL and what is important to them, is part of providing holistic care. Although QoL data has been collected for many years in myeloma studies, they have not been used to inform patient outcomes. There is growing evidence that supports the assessment of 'fitness' and consideration of QoL as part of routine myeloma care. A national survey was carried out to discover which QoL tools are currently being used in the routine care of myeloma patients, by whom and at which time point. METHODS An online survey using SurveyMonkey was adopted for flexibility and accessibility. The link to the survey was circulated via Bloodwise, Myeloma UK and Cancer Research UK contact lists. Paper questionnaires were circulated at the UK Myeloma Forum. RESULTS Data about practices in 26 centres were collected. This included sites across England and Wales. Three out of 26 centres collect QoL data as part of standard care. QoL tools used include EORTC QLQ-My20/24, MyPOS, FACT-BMT and Quality of Life Index. Questionnaires were completed by patients before, during or after a clinic appointment. Clinical nurse specialists calculate the scores and create a care plan. CONCLUSION Despite growing evidence to support an holistic approach to management of myeloma patients, there is a lack of evidence to confirm that health-related QoL is being addressed in standard care. This is an area that needs further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen Campbell
- Associate Professor of Cancer Nursing, School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh
| | - Sam Harding
- Research Fellow, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Past, Present, and a Glance into the Future of Multiple Myeloma Treatment. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030415. [PMID: 36986514 PMCID: PMC10056051 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a challenging hematological cancer which typically grows in bone marrow. MM accounts for 10% of hematological malignancies and 1.8% of cancers. The recent treatment strategies have significantly improved progression-free survival for MM patients in the last decade; however, a relapse for most MM patients is inevitable. In this review we discuss current treatment, important pathways for proliferation, survival, immune suppression, and resistance that could be targeted for future treatments.
Collapse
|
93
|
Bao L, Wang Y, Lu M, Shi L, Chu B, Gao S. BDNF/TrkB confers bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma by inducing BRINP3. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130299. [PMID: 36565997 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (BTZ) has significantly improved the survival of multiple myeloma (MM) patients. However, most MM patients still relapse and have drug resistance after BTZ treatment. METHODS siRNA transfection was performed to knock down BDNF and TrkB expression. ELISA, western blot, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, CCK-8 assay, and flow cytometry analysis were performed to analyze the functions of BDNF/TrkB signaling in MM cells. RESULTS We identified a cell-autonomous mechanism that promotes BTZ resistance in MM, prolongs their RPMI 8226/BTZ resistant cell survival and optimizes their proliferating function. Specifically, RPMI 8226/BTZ cells produced the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor TrkB, which served as a survival factor in the RPMI 8226/BTZ resistant environment. BDNF/TrkB induced phosphorylation of STAT3 that upregulated the bone morphogenetic protein/retinoic acid inducible neural-specific 3 (BRINP3). CONCLUSIONS BDNF/TrkB enhanced downstream pathway expression of phosphorylation STAT3 and BRINP3 molecules, promoting RPMI 8226/BTZ cell proliferation and survival. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE These data place BDNF/TrkB at the top of a pSTAT3-BRINP3 survival pathway and link adaptability to BTZ resistant conditions in MM disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Bao
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, 4th Clinical Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100035, China.
| | - Yutong Wang
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, 4th Clinical Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Minqiu Lu
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, 4th Clinical Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, 4th Clinical Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Bin Chu
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, 4th Clinical Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, 4th Clinical Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100035, China
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Noori M, Fayyaz F, Rezaei N. Safety and efficacy of Elotuzumab combination therapy for patients with multiple myeloma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2023; 23:327-338. [PMID: 36638778 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2023.2169139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluate the efficacy and safety of Elotuzumab, an immunostimulatory monoclonal antibody, in combination with concomitant treatment regimens for multiple myeloma (MM) patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases were searched systematically up to 2 August 2022. RESULTS Five randomized control trials with a total of 1,763 participants were included. Elotuzumab combination therapy improved PFS and OS by 14% (hazard ratio [HR] 0.86) and 20% (HR 0.80), respectively, relative to the non-Elotuzumab regimen. Adding Elotuzumab to Lenalidomide plus Dexamethasone regimen (HR 0.82) or Pomalidomide plus Dexamethasone regimen (HR 0.54) were considered to improve the PFS. Meanwhile, the risk of disease progression was only reduced for patients with relapsed/refractory MM (HR 0.70) but not for newly diagnosed/untreated MM (HR 0.93). Finally, the risk of serious adverse events (RR 1.12) and the risk of infection (RR 1.09) and cardiac disorders (RR 1.32) were higher for the experimental group compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed that Elotuzumab combination therapy prolonged OS and PFS compared to non-Elotuzumab treatments in patients with MM. However, further investigations are required to establish the most effective combination of the Elotuzumab regimen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Noori
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farimah Fayyaz
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Khan AM, Ozga M, Bhatt H, Faisal MS, Ansari S, Zhao Q, Bumma N, Cottini F, Devarakonda S, Rosko A, Sharma N, Umyarova E, Benson D. Outcomes After Salvage Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplant for Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma: A Single-Institution Experience. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA, MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2023; 23:e182-e189. [PMID: 36581554 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of salvage autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (sAHCT2) for patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) in the era of modern therapeutics is unclear. As prospective data is limited, we conducted a retrospective analysis to determine the outcomes of sAHCT2. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a single-institution, retrospective analysis of patients who received sAHCT2 at The Ohio State University from 2000 to 2018. Patients who received a second transplant as part of a planned tandem or autologous-allogeneic transplant were excluded. RESULTS Fifty-seven patients were treated with sAHCT2. Patients had a median of 2 lines of therapy after AHCT1 prior to their sAHCT2; 70% had prior immunomodulatory imide drugs, 82% had prior proteasome inhibitor, and 20% had prior anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies as part of re-induction therapy. Forty-two percent of patients attained ≥VGPR prior to sAHCT2. Seventy-four were treated with melphalan 200 mg/m2 as conditioning regimen before infusion of a median of 3.8 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg. Fifty-eight percent patients had maintenance therapy and 81% patients attained CR/VGPR as the best response after sAHCT2. The median PFS and OS after sAHCT2 were 1.6 and 3.6 years, respectively. On multivariable analysis, high-risk cytogenetics, not having attained CR/VGPR, and having more than 2 lines of therapy post-AHCT1 were associated with inferior PFS. Melphalan 140 mg/m2 compared to melphalan 200 mg/m2 and no maintenance therapy compared to maintenance therapy were not associated with inferior PFS. There was no transplant-related mortality in this patient cohort. CONCLUSIONS For MM patients deriving durable remission after their AHCT1, sAHCT2 was safe and resulted in deep and durable remissions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah M Khan
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH.
| | - Michael Ozga
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Harshil Bhatt
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Muhammad S Faisal
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology, Rochester, NY
| | - Sadia Ansari
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Qiuhong Zhao
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Naresh Bumma
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Francesca Cottini
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Srinivas Devarakonda
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Ashley Rosko
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Nidhi Sharma
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Elvira Umyarova
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Don Benson
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Bringhen S, Pour L, Benjamin R, Grosicki S, Min CK, de Farias DLC, Vorog A, Labotka RJ, Wang B, Cherepanov D, Cain LE, Manne S, Rajkumar SV, Dimopoulos MA. Ixazomib Versus Placebo as Post-Induction Maintenance Therapy in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients: An Analysis by Age and Frailty Status of the TOURMALINE-MM4 Study. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA AND LEUKEMIA 2023:S2152-2650(23)00093-9. [PMID: 37149398 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The TOURMALINE-MM4 trial demonstrated a significant and clinically meaningful progression-free survival (PFS) benefit with ixazomib versus placebo as postinduction maintenance in nontransplant, newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma patients, with a manageable and well-tolerated toxicity profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this subgroup analysis, efficacy and safety were assessed by age (< 65, 65-74, and ≥ 75 years) and frailty status (fit, intermediate-fit, and frail). RESULTS In this analysis, PFS benefit with ixazomib versus placebo was seen across age subgroups, including patients aged < 65 years (hazard ratio [HR], 0.576; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.299-1.108; P = .095), 65-74 years (HR, 0.615; 95% CI, 0.467-0.810; P < .001), and ≥ 75 years (HR, 0.740; 95% CI, 0.537-1.019; P = .064). PFS benefit was also seen across frailty subgroups, including fit (HR, 0.530; 95% CI, 0.387-0.727; P < .001), intermediate-fit (HR, 0.746; 95% CI, 0.526-1.058; P = .098), and frail (HR, 0.733; 95% CI, 0.481-1.117; P = .147) patients. With ixazomib versus placebo, rates of grade ≥ 3 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs; 28-44% vs. 10-36%), serious TEAEs (15-29% vs. 3-29%), and discontinuation due to TEAEs (7-19% vs. 5-11%) were higher or similar across age and frailty subgroups, and generally somewhat higher in older age groups and intermediate-fit/frail patients in both arms. Treatment with ixazomib versus placebo did not adversely affect patient-reported quality-of-life scores across age and frailty status subgroups. CONCLUSION Ixazomib is a feasible and effective maintenance option for prolonging PFS across this heterogeneous patient population.
Collapse
|
97
|
Richter J, Lin PL, Garcia-Horton V, Guyot P, Singh E, Zhou ZY, Sievert M, Taiji R. Matching-adjusted indirect comparison of isatuximab plus carfilzomib and dexamethasone with daratumumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone in relapsed multiple myeloma. Cancer Med 2023; 12:8005-8017. [PMID: 36726287 PMCID: PMC10134287 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGOUND Lenalidomide-based regimens are commonly used for early relapse in patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) receiving at least one prior line of therapy. In the absence of head-to-head comparison, matching-adjusted indirect comparison (MAIC) was conducted to demonstrate efficacy and safety of isatuximab+carfilzomib+dexamethasone (Isa-Kd) versus daratumumab + lenalidomide + dexamethasone (Dara-Rd) in RRMM. METHODS Patient-level data from IKEMA trial (Isa-Kd, n = 179) were matched to aggregate data from POLLUX (Dara-Rd, n = 286). Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were generated by weighted Cox proportional hazard models. Odds ratios (OR), 95% CI, and p-value were calculated for ≥very good partial response (≥VGPR) and treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). RESULTS After matching, no significant differences were observed between Isa-Kd and Dara-Rd in baseline characteristics except for patients with >3 prior lines (0.0% vs. 4.9%). Isa-Kd showed significantly better PFS (HR [95% CI]: 0.46 [0.24-0.86]; p = 0.0155), statistically non-significant improvement favoring Isa-Kd in OS (0.47 [0.20-1.09]; 0.0798), and ≥VGPR (OR [95% CI]: 1.53 [0.89-2.64]; p = 0.1252) than Dara-Rd. Odds of occurrence were significantly lower for some all-grade and grade 3/4 TEAEs with Isa-Kd than Dara-Rd. CONCLUSION These results support Isa-Kd as an efficacious treatment for early relapse in non-lenalidomide refractory patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Richter
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
98
|
Dimopoulos MA, Dytfeld D, Grosicki S, Moreau P, Takezako N, Hori M, Leleu X, LeBlanc R, Suzuki K, Raab MS, Richardson PG, Popa McKiver M, Jou YM, Yao D, Das P, San-Miguel J. Elotuzumab Plus Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone for Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma: Final Overall Survival Analysis From the Randomized Phase II ELOQUENT-3 Trial. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41:568-578. [PMID: 35960908 PMCID: PMC9870233 DOI: 10.1200/jco.21.02815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In the phase II ELOQUENT-3 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02654132), elotuzumab combined with pomalidomide/dexamethasone (EPd) significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) versus pomalidomide/dexamethasone (Pd) in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) previously treated with lenalidomide and a proteasome inhibitor (PI). Here, we present the final overall survival (OS) results. METHODS Patients with RRMM who had received ≥ 2 prior lines of therapy, with disease refractory to last therapy and either refractory or relapsed and refractory to lenalidomide and a PI were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive EPd or Pd. The primary end point was PFS per investigator assessment. ORR and OS were secondary end points planned to be tested hierarchically. RESULTS A total of 117 patients were randomly assigned to EPd (n = 60) and Pd (n = 57). Among treated patients (EPd 60, Pd 55), there were 37 (61.7%) deaths in the EPd group and 41 (74.5%) in the Pd group, most commonly because of disease progression (EPd 41.7%, Pd 49.1%). Median (95% CI) OS was significantly improved with EPd (29.8 [22.9 to 45.7] months) versus Pd (17.4 [13.8 to 27.7] months), with a hazard ratio of 0.59 (95% CI, 0.37 to 0.93; P = .0217). OS benefit with EPd was observed in most patient subgroups. The safety profile of EPd was consistent with prior reports with no new safety signals detected. CONCLUSION EPd demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in OS versus Pd in patients with RRMM previously treated with lenalidomide and a PI who had disease refractory to last therapy. In this setting, ELOQUENT-3 is the first randomized study of a triplet regimen incorporating a monoclonal antibody and Pd to improve both PFS and OS significantly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meletios A. Dimopoulos
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece,Meletios A. Dimopoulos, MD, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Alexandra Hospital, 80 Vasilissis Sofias Ave, Athens 11528, Greece; e-mail:
| | - Dominik Dytfeld
- Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | | | | | - Naoki Takezako
- National Hospital Organization Disaster Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Hori
- Ibaraki Prefectural Central Hospital, Kasama, Japan
| | - Xavier Leleu
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers–La Milétrie, Poitiers, France
| | - Richard LeBlanc
- Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Marc S. Raab
- Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jesús San-Miguel
- Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IDISNA), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Pamplona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Dombeck C, Swezey T, Gonzalez Sepulveda JM, Reeve BB, LeBlanc TW, Chandler D, Corneli A. Patient perspectives on considerations, tradeoffs, and experiences with multiple myeloma treatment selection: a qualitative descriptive study. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:65. [PMID: 36658490 PMCID: PMC9850680 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10458-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advances in multiple myeloma treatment and a proliferation of treatment options have resulted in improved survival rates and periods of symptom-free remission for many multiple myeloma patients. As a result, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) concerns related to myeloma treatments have become increasingly salient for this patient population and represent an important consideration guiding patients' treatment choices. To gain an understanding of patients' experiences with choosing myeloma therapies and explore the HRQoL concerns that are most important to them, we interviewed a diverse sample of US-based multiple myeloma patients about their treatment considerations. METHODS We conducted a qualitative descriptive study using in-depth interviews. Participants reflected on (1) the factors that were most important to them when thinking about multiple myeloma treatment and how these have changed over time, (2) how they might weigh the importance of treatment efficacy vs. side effects, (3) trade-offs they would be willing to make regarding efficacy vs. HRQoL, and (4) treatment changes they had experienced. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed, and narratives were analyzed using applied thematic analysis. RESULTS We interviewed 21 patients, heterogeneous in their disease trajectory and treatment experience. Participants were 36 to 78 years, 52% female, and 38% Black. Efficacy was named as the most important treatment consideration by almost two-thirds of participants, and over half also valued HRQoL aspects such as the ability to maintain daily functioning and enjoyment of life. Participants expressed concern about potential treatment side effects and preferred more convenient treatment options. Although participants stated largely trusting their clinicians' treatment recommendations, many said they would stop a clinician-recommended treatment if it negatively impacted their HRQoL. Participants also said that while they prioritized treatment efficacy, they would be willing to change to a less efficacious treatment if side effects became intolerable. CONCLUSIONS Our findings link to other reports reflecting considerations that are important to multiple myeloma patients, including the importance placed on increasing life expectancy and progression-free survival, but also the tension between treatment efficacy and quality of life. Our results extend these findings to a racially diverse US-based patient population at different stages in the disease trajectory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Dombeck
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris Street, Durham, NC 27701 USA
| | - Teresa Swezey
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris Street, Durham, NC 27701 USA
| | - Juan Marcos Gonzalez Sepulveda
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris Street, Durham, NC 27701 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, NC Durham, USA
| | - Bryce B. Reeve
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris Street, Durham, NC 27701 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, NC Durham, USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA
| | - Thomas W. LeBlanc
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris Street, Durham, NC 27701 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA
| | - David Chandler
- grid.417886.40000 0001 0657 5612Amgen, Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA USA
| | - Amy Corneli
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris Street, Durham, NC 27701 USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC USA ,grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, NC Durham, USA
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Role of NF-κB Signaling in the Interplay between Multiple Myeloma and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031823. [PMID: 36768145 PMCID: PMC9916119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription factors play a key role in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM). The survival, proliferation and chemoresistance of malignant plasma cells largely rely on the activation of canonical and noncanonical NF-κB pathways. They are triggered by cancer-associated mutations or by the autocrine and paracrine production of cytokines and growth factors as well as direct interaction with cellular and noncellular components of bone marrow microenvironment (BM). In this context, NF-κB also significantly affects the activity of noncancerous cells, including mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which have a critical role in disease progression. Indeed, NF-κB transcription factors are involved in inflammatory signaling that alters the functional properties of these cells to support cancer evolution. Moreover, they act as regulators and/or effectors of pathways involved in the interplay between MSCs and MM cells. The aim of this review is to analyze the role of NF-κB in this hematologic cancer, focusing on NF-κB-dependent mechanisms in tumor cells, MSCs and myeloma-mesenchymal stromal cell crosstalk.
Collapse
|