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Fataftah MS, Bayliss SL, Laorenza DW, Wang X, Phelan BT, Wilson CB, Mintun PJ, Kovos BD, Wasielewski MR, Han S, Sherwin MS, Awschalom DD, Freedman DE. Trigonal Bipyramidal V 3+ Complex as an Optically Addressable Molecular Qubit Candidate. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:20400-20408. [PMID: 33210910 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic chemistry enables a bottom-up approach to quantum information science, where atoms can be deterministically positioned in a quantum bit or qubit. Two key requirements to realize quantum technologies are qubit initialization and read-out. By imbuing molecular spins with optical initialization and readout mechanisms, analogous to solid-state defects, molecules could be integrated into existing quantum infrastructure. To mimic the electronic structure of optically addressable defect sites, we designed the spin-triplet, V3+ complex, (C6F5)3trenVCNtBu (1). We measured the static spin properties as well as the spin coherence time of 1 demonstrating coherent control of this spin qubit with a 240 GHz electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometer powered by a free electron laser. We found that 1 exhibited narrow, near-infrared photoluminescence (PL) from a spin-singlet excited state. Using variable magnetic field PL spectroscopy, we resolved emission into each of the ground-state spin sublevels, a crucial component for spin-selective optical initialization and readout. This work demonstrates that trigonally symmetric, heteroleptic V3+ complexes are candidates for optical spin addressability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed S Fataftah
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Sam L Bayliss
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Daniel W Laorenza
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Institute for Terahertz Science and Technology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Brian T Phelan
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- The Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - C Blake Wilson
- Institute for Terahertz Science and Technology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Peter J Mintun
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Berk D Kovos
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- The Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Songi Han
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Institute for Terahertz Science and Technology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Mark S Sherwin
- Institute for Terahertz Science and Technology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - David D Awschalom
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Center for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Danna E Freedman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Bayliss SL, Laorenza DW, Mintun PJ, Kovos BD, Freedman DE, Awschalom DD. Optically addressable molecular spins for quantum information processing. Science 2020; 370:1309-1312. [PMID: 33184235 DOI: 10.1126/science.abb9352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Spin-bearing molecules are promising building blocks for quantum technologies as they can be chemically tuned, assembled into scalable arrays, and readily incorporated into diverse device architectures. In molecular systems, optically addressing ground-state spins would enable a wide range of applications in quantum information science, as has been demonstrated for solid-state defects. However, this important functionality has remained elusive for molecules. Here, we demonstrate such optical addressability in a series of synthesized organometallic, chromium(IV) molecules. These compounds display a ground-state spin that can be initialized and read out using light and coherently manipulated with microwaves. In addition, through atomistic modification of the molecular structure, we vary the spin and optical properties of these compounds, indicating promise for designer quantum systems synthesized from the bottom-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Bayliss
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - D W Laorenza
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - P J Mintun
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - B D Kovos
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - D E Freedman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
| | - D D Awschalom
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. .,Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Center for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
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53
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Chen B, Hou X, Ge F, Zhang X, Ji Y, Li H, Qian P, Wang Y, Xu N, Du J. Calibration-Free Vector Magnetometry Using Nitrogen-Vacancy Center in Diamond Integrated with Optical Vortex Beam. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:8267-8272. [PMID: 33135901 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report a new method to determine the orientation of individual nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in a bulk diamond and use them to realize a calibration-free vector magnetometer with nanoscale resolution. Optical vortex beam is used for optical excitation and scanning the NV center in a [111]-oriented diamond. The scanning fluorescence patterns of NV center with different orientations are completely different. Thus, the orientation information on each NV center in the lattice can be known directly without any calibration process. Further, we use three differently oriented NV centers to form a magnetometer and reconstruct the complete vector information on the magnetic field based on the optically detected magnetic resonance(ODMR) technique. Compared with previous schemes to realize vector magnetometry using an NV center, our method is much more efficient and is easily applied in other NV-based quantum sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Chen
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics,Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Xianfei Hou
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics,Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Feifei Ge
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics,Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics,Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Yunlan Ji
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics,Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Hongju Li
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics,Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Peng Qian
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics,Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Nanyang Xu
- School of Electronic Science and Applied Physics,Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Jiangfeng Du
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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54
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Baier S, Bradley CE, Middelburg T, Dobrovitski VV, Taminiau TH, Hanson R. Orbital and Spin Dynamics of Single Neutrally-Charged Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:193601. [PMID: 33216607 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.193601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The neutral charge state plays an important role in quantum information and sensing applications based on nitrogen-vacancy centers. However, the orbital and spin dynamics remain unexplored. Here, we use resonant excitation of single centers to directly reveal the fine structure, enabling selective addressing of spin-orbit states. Through pump-probe experiments, we find the orbital relaxation time (430 ns at 4.7 K) and measure its temperature dependence up to 11.8 K. Finally, we reveal the spin relaxation time (1.5 s) and realize projective high-fidelity single-shot readout of the spin state (≥98%).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Baier
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
| | - C E Bradley
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
| | - T Middelburg
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
| | - V V Dobrovitski
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
| | - T H Taminiau
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
| | - R Hanson
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
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55
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Oh H, Yun J, Abobeih MH, Jung KH, Kim K, Taminiau TH, Kim D. Algorithmic decomposition for efficient multiple nuclear spin detection in diamond. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14884. [PMID: 32913230 PMCID: PMC7483528 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71339-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficiently detecting and characterizing individual spins in solid-state hosts is an essential step to expand the fields of quantum sensing and quantum information processing. While selective detection and control of a few 13C nuclear spins in diamond have been demonstrated using the electron spin of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers, a reliable, efficient, and automatic characterization method is desired. Here, we develop an automated algorithmic method for decomposing spectral data to identify and characterize multiple nuclear spins in diamond. We demonstrate efficient nuclear spin identification and accurate reproduction of hyperfine interaction components for both virtual and experimental nuclear spectroscopy data. We conduct a systematic analysis of this methodology and discuss the range of hyperfine interaction components of each nuclear spin that the method can efficiently detect. The result demonstrates a systematic approach that automatically detects nuclear spins with the aid of computational methods, facilitating the future scalability of devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunseok Oh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jiwon Yun
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - M H Abobeih
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5046, 2600 GA, Delft, The Netherlands.,Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5046, 2600 GA, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Kyung-Hoon Jung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Kiho Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - T H Taminiau
- QuTech, Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5046, 2600 GA, Delft, The Netherlands.,Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5046, 2600 GA, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Dohun Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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56
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Enhancing the Robustness of Dynamical Decoupling Sequences with Correlated Random Phases. Symmetry (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/sym12050730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We show that the addition of correlated phases to the recently developed method of randomized dynamical decoupling pulse sequences can improve its performance in quantum sensing. In particular, by correlating the relative phases of basic pulse units in dynamical decoupling sequences, we are able to improve the suppression of the signal distortion due to π pulse imperfections and spurious responses due to finite-width π pulses. This enhances the selectivity of quantum sensors such as those based on NV centers in diamond.
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