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Khosravi N, Mendes VC, Nirmal G, Majeed S, DaCosta RS, Davies JE. Intravital Imaging for Tracking of Angiogenesis and Cellular Events Around Surgical Bone Implants. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2018; 24:617-627. [PMID: 30280999 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2018.0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT These new experimental methods allow us to image, and quantify, angiogenesis and perivascular cell dynamics in the endosseous healing compartment. As such, the method is capable of providing a new perspective on, and unique information regarding, healing that occurs around orthopedic and dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Khosravi
- 1 Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario, Canada .,2 Princess Margaret Cancer Institute, University Health Network , Toronto, Ontario, Canada .,3 Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vanessa C Mendes
- 1 Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ghata Nirmal
- 4 Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Safa Majeed
- 5 Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ralph S DaCosta
- 2 Princess Margaret Cancer Institute, University Health Network , Toronto, Ontario, Canada .,5 Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario, Canada .,6 Techna Institute, University Health Network , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John E Davies
- 1 Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario, Canada .,3 Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Song Y, Ma A, Ning J, Zhong X, Zhang Q, Zhang X, Hong G, Li Y, Sasaki K, Li C. Loading icariin on titanium surfaces by phase-transited lysozyme priming and layer-by-layer self-assembly of hyaluronic acid/chitosan to improve surface osteogenesis ability. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:6751-6767. [PMID: 30425487 PMCID: PMC6204858 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s174953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Icariin (ICA) is one of the main active constituents of Herba Epimedii for improving osteogenesis. It is necessary to create a simple and efficient method to load ICA onto the surface of titanium (Ti) implant. The purpose of this study was to establish a local ICA delivery system via a layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly system on phase-transited lysozyme (PTL)-primed Ti surface. Materials and methods A PTL nanofilm was first firmly coated on the pristine Ti. Then, the ICA-loaded hyaluronic acid/chitosan (HA/CS) multilayer was applied via the LbL system to form the HA/CS-ICA surface. This established HA/CS-ICA surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurement. The ICA release pattern of the HA/CS-ICA surface was also examined. MC3T3-E1 osteoblast culture test and a rat model were used to evaluate the effects of the HA/CS-ICA surface in vitro and in vivo. Results SEM, XPS and contact angle measurement demonstrated successful fabrication of the HA/CS-ICA surface. The HA/CS-ICA surfaces with different ICA concentrations revealed a controlled release profile of ICA during a 2-week monitoring span. Osteoblasts grown on the coated substrates displayed higher adhesion, viability, proliferation and ALP activity than those on the polished Ti surface. Furthermore, in vivo histological evaluation revealed much obvious bone formation in the ICA-coated group by histological staining and double fluorescent labeling at 2 weeks after implantation. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that ICA-immobilized HA/CS multilayer on the PTL-primed Ti surface had a sustained release pattern of ICA which could promote the osteogenesis of osteoblasts in vitro and improve early osseointegration in vivo. This study provides a novel method for creating a sustained ICA delivery system to improve osteoblast response and osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjia Song
- School of Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China, ; .,Division of Advanced Prosthetic Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Aobo Ma
- School of Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China, ;
| | - Jia Ning
- School of Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China, ;
| | - Xue Zhong
- School of Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China, ;
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China, ;
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China, ;
| | - Guang Hong
- Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.,Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ying Li
- School of Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China, ;
| | - Keiichi Sasaki
- Division of Advanced Prosthetic Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Changyi Li
- School of Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China, ;
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Du J, Xie P, Lin S, Wu Y, Zeng D, Li Y, Jiang X. Time-Phase Sequential Utilization of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Mesoporous Bioactive Glass for Restoration of Critical Size Bone Defects. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:28340-28350. [PMID: 30080385 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b08563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The effective transportation of oxygen, nutrients, and metabolic wastes through new blood vessel networks is key to the survival of engineered constructs in large bone defects. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs), which are regarded as excellent candidates for both bone and blood vessel engineering, are the preferred option for the restoration of massive bone defects. Therefore, we propose to induce ADSCs into osteogenic and endothelial cells differently. A modified hierarchical mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) scaffold with an enhanced compressive strength was constructed and prevascularized by seeding with endothelial-induced ADSCs (EI-ADSCs). The prevascularized scaffolds were combined with osteogenically induced ADSCs (OI-ADSCs) to repair critical-size bone defects. To validate the angiogenesis of the prevascularized MBG scaffolds in vivo, green fluorescent protein (GFP) was used to label EI-ADSCs. The labeled EI-ADSCs were demonstrated to survive and participate in vascularization at day 7 after subcutaneous implantation in nude mice by double immunofluorescence staining of CD31 and GFP. Regarding the restoration of critical size bone defects, early angiogenesis of rat femur plug defects was evaluated by perfusion of Microfil after 3 weeks. Compared to nonvascularized MBG carrying OI-ADSCs (MBG/OI-ADSCs) and non-cell-seeded MBG scaffolds, the prevascularized MBG carrying OI-ADSCs (Pv-MBG/OI-ADSCs) showed enhanced angiogenesis on the surface and interior. Through dynamic bone formation analysis with sequential fluorescent labeling and Van Gieson's picro-fuchsin staining, we found that the Pv-MBG/OI-ADSCs exhibited the highest mineral deposition rate after surgery, which may be contributed by rapid vascular anastomosis facilitating increased survival of the seeded OI-ADSCs and by the recruitment function for bone mesenchymal stem cells. Therefore, the strategy of time-phase sequential utilization of ADSCs on MBG scaffolds is a practical design for the repair of massive bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Du
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , 639 Zhizaoju Road , Shanghai 200011 , China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases , 639 Zhizaoju Road , Shanghai 200011 , China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology , 639 Zhizaoju Road , Shanghai 200011 , China
| | - Peng Xie
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Shuxian Lin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , 639 Zhizaoju Road , Shanghai 200011 , China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases , 639 Zhizaoju Road , Shanghai 200011 , China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology , 639 Zhizaoju Road , Shanghai 200011 , China
| | - Yuqiong Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , 639 Zhizaoju Road , Shanghai 200011 , China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases , 639 Zhizaoju Road , Shanghai 200011 , China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology , 639 Zhizaoju Road , Shanghai 200011 , China
| | - Deliang Zeng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , 639 Zhizaoju Road , Shanghai 200011 , China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases , 639 Zhizaoju Road , Shanghai 200011 , China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology , 639 Zhizaoju Road , Shanghai 200011 , China
| | - Yulin Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Xinquan Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , 639 Zhizaoju Road , Shanghai 200011 , China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases , 639 Zhizaoju Road , Shanghai 200011 , China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology , 639 Zhizaoju Road , Shanghai 200011 , China
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Li X, Peng B, Pan Y, Wang P, Sun K, Lei X, Ou L, Wu Z, Liu X, Wang H, He H, Mo S, Tian Y, Peng X, Zhu X, Zhang R, Yang L. Icariin stimulates osteogenic differentiation and suppresses adipogenic differentiation of rBMSCs via estrogen receptor signaling. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:3483-3489. [PMID: 30066871 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Icariin (ICA) is a major active ingredient in Herba epimedii, which is commonly used as a Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of osteoporosis. Previous studies have revealed that ICA exerted a protective effect against bone loss and increased bone regeneration; however, the association between ICA and estrogen receptor (ER) signaling remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of ICA on rat bone marrow stromal cells (rBMSCs). Cell Counting Kit‑8 assays were conducted to measure proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was evaluated to assess osteoblast differentiation, and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction as well as western blotting were performed to detect the expression of cellular and molecular markers of osteogenic or adipogenic differentiation. The results demonstrated that treatment of rBMSCs with 10‑6 M ICA stimulated rBMSC proliferation and ALP activity. Furthermore, ICA treatment increased the expression of the osteogenic markers runt‑related transcription factor 2, collagen type 1 and bone morphogenetic Protein 2; however, it also decreased the expression of the adipogenic differentiation markers peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor gamma and CCAAT/enhancer‑binding protein α. Treatment of rBMSCs with ICI182780, an ER antagonist, blocked the effects of ICA. Taken together, these findings indicated that ICA may stimulate osteoblast differentiation and inhibit adipogenic differentiation via the activation of the ER signaling pathway. Therefore, ICA has the potential to serve as a therapeutic alternative for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Bojia Peng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Yanbin Pan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Panpan Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Kehuan Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotong Lei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Ling Ou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Zhidi Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Haixia Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Haibin He
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Shu Mo
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Ya Tian
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Xunqian Peng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Ronghua Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
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Hwang YH, Kim KJ, Kim SJ, Mun SK, Hong SG, Son YJ, Yee ST. Suppression Effect of Astaxanthin on Osteoclast Formation In Vitro and Bone Loss In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19030912. [PMID: 29562730 PMCID: PMC5877773 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is characterized by a reduction of the bone mineral density (BMD) and microarchitectural deterioration of the bone, which lead to bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. Astaxanthin (AST) has a variety of biological activities, such as a protective effect against asthma or neuroinflammation, antioxidant effect, and decrease of the osteoclast number in the right mandibles in the periodontitis model. Although treatment with AST is known to have an effect on inflammation, no studies on the effect of AST exposure on bone loss have been performed. Thus, in the present study, we examined the antiosteoporotic effect of AST on bone mass in ovariectomized (OVX) mice and its possible mechanism of action. The administration of AST (5, 10 mg/kg) for 6 weeks suppressed the enhancement of serum calcium, inorganic phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, total cholesterol, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity. The bone mineral density (BMD) and bone microarchitecture of the trabecular bone in the tibia and femur were recovered by AST exposure. Moreover, in the in vitro experiment, we demonstrated that AST inhibits osteoclast formation through the expression of the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) c1, dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP), TRAP, and cathepsin K without any cytotoxic effects on bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs). Therefore, we suggest that AST may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ho Hwang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungangno, Suncheon 540-950, Korea.
| | - Kwang-Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungangno, Suncheon 540-950, Korea.
| | - Su-Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungangno, Suncheon 540-950, Korea.
| | - Seul-Ki Mun
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungangno, Suncheon 540-950, Korea.
| | - Seong-Gyeol Hong
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungangno, Suncheon 540-950, Korea.
| | - Young-Jin Son
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungangno, Suncheon 540-950, Korea.
| | - Sung-Tae Yee
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungangno, Suncheon 540-950, Korea.
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56
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Jing X, Yin W, Tian H, Chen M, Yao X, Zhu W, Guo F, Ye Y. Icariin doped bioactive glasses seeded with rat adipose-derived stem cells to promote bone repair via enhanced osteogenic and angiogenic activities. Life Sci 2018; 202:52-60. [PMID: 29471105 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Cell communication between mesenchymal stem cells and blood vessel cells are crucial for bone repair. We have previously shown that the phyto-molecule icariin significantly promoted osteogenic differentiation of rat adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). In the present study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between icariin induced osteogenic differentiation of ASCs and angiogenesis of rat endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Besides, we used icariin doped 45S5 Bioglass seeded with ASCs to promote bone healing in rat calvarial bone defect models. MAIN METHODS The conditioned medium from undifferentiated ASCs (ASCs-CM) and icariin induced ASCs (Icariin-ASCs-CM) was obtained and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein secretion level was measured. The angiogenic capacity and molecular mechanism of ASC-CM and Icariin-ASCs-CM on rat EPCs was analyzed. Rat calvarial bone defect models were established and treated with scaffolds implantation. Micro-CT imaging, histological and immunohistological staining were performed on the isolated specimens at 12 weeks post-surgery. KEY FINDINGS VEGF protein expression was significantly increased after icariin treatment with the highest expression in the 10-7 M icariin group. Icariin-ASCs-CM obviously increased the angiogenesis of rat EPCs and this capacity was inhibited by a VEGF/VEGF receptor-specific binding inhibitor bevacizumab. Results of the in vivo investigations showed that all scaffolds promoted bone healing compared to the Control group. Icariin significantly improved the healing capacity of 45S5 Bioglass seeded with ASCs. SIGNIFICANCE Implantation of Icariin/45S5 Bioglass seeded with rat ASCs could obviously promote both osteogenesis and angiogenesis and therefore represents an ideal candidate bone substitutes for bone repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhi Jing
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongtao Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengcun Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengjing Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yaping Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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Zhao H, Zhao N, Zheng P, Xu X, Liu M, Luo D, Xu H, Ju D. Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis Using Chinese Medicinal Plants: Special Emphasis on Mechanisms of Immune Modulation. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:6345857. [PMID: 29675436 PMCID: PMC5838472 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6345857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have examined the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. The causes of osteoporosis include endocrine factors, nutritional status, genetic factors, physical factors, and immune factors. Recent osteoimmunology studies demonstrated that the immune system and immune factors play important regulatory roles in the occurrence of osteoporosis, and people should pay more attention to the relationship between immunity and osteoporosis. Immune and bone cells are located in the bone marrow and share numerous regulatory molecules, signaling molecules, and transcription factors. Abnormal activation of the immune system alters the balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which results in an imbalance of bone remodeling and osteoporosis. The incidence of osteoporosis is also increasing with the aging of China's population, and traditional Chinese medicine has played a vital role in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis for centuries. Chinese medicinal plants possess unique advantages in the regulation of the immune system and the relationships between osteoporosis and the immune system. In this review, we provide a general overview of Chinese medicinal plants in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, focusing on immunological aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Zhao
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Institute of Clinical Basic Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Peng Zheng
- Jilin Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Meijie Liu
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Changping District, Beijing 102200, China
| | - Huihui Xu
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Dahong Ju
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China
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Um J, Lee JH, Jung DW, Williams DR. Re-education begins at home: an overview of the discovery of in vivo-active small molecule modulators of endogenous stem cells. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2018; 13:307-326. [PMID: 29421943 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2018.1437140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Degenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, heart disease and arthritis cause great suffering and are major socioeconomic burdens. An attractive treatment approach is stem cell transplantation to regenerate damaged or destroyed tissues. However, this can be problematic. For example, donor cells may not functionally integrate into the host tissue. An alternative methodology is to deliver bioactive agents, such as small molecules, directly into the diseased tissue to enhance the regenerative potential of endogenous stem cells. Areas covered: In this review, the authors discuss the necessity of developing these small molecules to treat degenerative diseases and survey progress in their application as therapeutics. They describe both the successes and caveats of developing small molecules that target endogenous stem cells to induce tissue regeneration. This article is based on literature searches which encompass databases for biomedical research and clinical trials. These small molecules are also categorized per their target disease and mechanism of action. Expert opinion: The development of small molecules targeting endogenous stem cells is a high-profile research area. Some compounds have made the successful transition to the clinic. Novel approaches, such as modulating the stem cell niche or targeted delivery to disease sites, should increase the likelihood of future successes in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- JungIn Um
- a New Drug Targets Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , Buk-Gu , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyung Lee
- a New Drug Targets Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , Buk-Gu , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Woon Jung
- a New Drug Targets Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , Buk-Gu , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
| | - Darren R Williams
- a New Drug Targets Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , Buk-Gu , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
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The utility of stem cells in pediatric urinary bladder regeneration. Pediatr Res 2018; 83:258-266. [PMID: 28915233 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2017.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric patients with a neurogenic urinary bladder, caused by developmental abnormalities including spina bifida, exhibit chronic urological problems. Surgical management in the form of enterocystoplasty is used to enlarge the bladder, but is associated with significant clinical complications. Thus, alternative methods to enterocystoplasty have been explored through the incorporation of stem cells with tissue engineering strategies. Within the context of this review, we will examine the use of bone marrow stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), as they relate to bladder regeneration at the anatomic and molecular levels. The use of bone marrow stem cells has demonstrated significant advances in bladder tissue regeneration as multiple aspects of bladder tissue have been recapitulated including the urothelium, bladder smooth muscle, vasculature, and peripheral nerves. iPSCs, on the other hand, have been well characterized and used in multiple tissue-regenerative settings, yet iPSC research is still in its infancy with regards to bladder tissue regeneration with recent studies describing the differentiation of iPSCs to the bladder urothelium. Finally, we examine the role of the Sonic Hedgehog signaling cascade that mediates the proliferative response during regeneration between bladder smooth muscle and urothelium. Taken together, this review provides a current, comprehensive perspective on bladder regeneration.
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Sui BD, Hu CH, Liu AQ, Zheng CX, Xuan K, Jin Y. Stem cell-based bone regeneration in diseased microenvironments: Challenges and solutions. Biomaterials 2017; 196:18-30. [PMID: 29122279 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Restoration of extensive bone loss and defects remain as an unfulfilled challenge in modern medicine. Given the critical contributions to bone homeostasis and diseases, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown great promise to jumpstart and facilitate bone healing, with immense regenerative potential in both pharmacology-based endogenous MSC rescue/mobilization in skeletal diseases and emerging application of MSC transplantation in bone tissue engineering and cytotherapy. However, efficacy of MSC-based bone regeneration was not always achieved; particularly, fulfillment of MSC-mediated bone healing in diseased microenvironments of host comorbidities remains as a major challenge. Indeed, impacts of diseased microenvironments on MSC function rely not only on the dynamic regulation of resident MSCs by surrounding niche to convoy pathological signals of bone, but also on the profound interplay between transplanted MSCs and recipient components that mediates and modulates therapeutic effects on skeletal conditions. Accordingly, novel solutions have recently been developed, including improving resistance of MSCs to diseased microenvironments, recreating beneficial microenvironments to guarantee MSC-based regeneration, and usage of subcellular vesicles of MSCs in cell-free therapies. In this review, we summarize state-of-the-art knowledge regarding applications and challenges of MSC-mediated bone healing, further offering principles and effective strategies to optimize MSC-based bone regeneration in aging and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Dong Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China; Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Cheng-Hu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China; Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - An-Qi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Chen-Xi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China; Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Kun Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China; Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
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