51
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Kato A, Ishizaki A. Non-Markovian Quantum-Classical Ratchet for Ultrafast Long-Range Electron-Hole Separation in Condensed Phases. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:026001. [PMID: 30085757 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.026001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In organic photovoltaic systems, a photogenerated molecular exciton in the donor domain dissociates into a hole and an electron at the donor-acceptor heterojunction, and subsequently separates into free charge carriers that can be extracted as photocurrents. The recombination of the once-separated electron and hole is a major loss mechanism in photovoltaic systems, which controls their performance. Hence, efficient photovoltaic systems need built-in ratchet mechanisms, namely, ultrafast charge separation and retarded charge recombination. In order to obtain insight into the internal working of the experimentally observed ultrafast long-range charge separation and protection against charge recombination, we theoretically investigate a potential ratchet mechanism arising from the combination of quantum delocalization and its destruction by performing numerically accurate quantum-dynamics calculations on a model system. We demonstrate that the non-Markovian effect originating from the slow polaron formation strongly suppresses the electron-transfer reaction back to the interfacial charge-transfer state stabilized at the donor-accepter interface and that it plays a critical role in maintaining the long-range electron-hole separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihito Kato
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Akihito Ishizaki
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
- School of Physical Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
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52
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Alea-Reyes ME, Penon O, García Calavia P, Marín MJ, Russell DA, Pérez-García L. Synthesis and in vitro phototoxicity of multifunctional Zn(II)meso-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin-coated gold nanoparticles assembled via axial coordination with imidazole ligands. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 521:81-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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53
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Caycedo-Soler F, Lim J, Oviedo-Casado S, van Hulst NF, Huelga SF, Plenio MB. Theory of Excitonic Delocalization for Robust Vibronic Dynamics in LH2. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:3446-3453. [PMID: 29863872 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b00933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nonlinear spectroscopy has revealed long-lasting oscillations in the optical response of a variety of photosynthetic complexes. Different theoretical models that involve the coherent coupling of electronic (excitonic) or electronic-vibrational (vibronic) degrees of freedom have been put forward to explain these observations. The ensuing debate concerning the relevance of either mechanism may have obscured their complementarity. To illustrate this balance, we quantify how the excitonic delocalization in the LH2 unit of Rhodopseudomonas acidophila purple bacterium leads to correlations of excitonic energy fluctuations, relevant coherent vibronic coupling, and importantly, a decrease in the excitonic dephasing rates. Combining these effects, we identify a feasible origin for the long-lasting oscillations observed in fluorescent traces from time-delayed two-pulse single-molecule experiments performed on this photosynthetic complex and use this approach to discuss the role of this complementarity in other photosynthetic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Caycedo-Soler
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST , University of Ulm , Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 , D-89069 Ulm , Germany
| | - James Lim
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST , University of Ulm , Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 , D-89069 Ulm , Germany
| | - Santiago Oviedo-Casado
- Departmento de Física Aplicada , Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena , 30202 Cartagena , Spain
| | - Niek F van Hulst
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona , Spain
- ICREA - Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats , 08010 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Susana F Huelga
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST , University of Ulm , Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 , D-89069 Ulm , Germany
| | - Martin B Plenio
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST , University of Ulm , Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 , D-89069 Ulm , Germany
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54
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Wang L, Fujihashi Y, Chen L, Zhao Y. Finite-temperature time-dependent variation with multiple Davydov states. J Chem Phys 2018; 146:124127. [PMID: 28388128 DOI: 10.1063/1.4979017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Dirac-Frenkel time-dependent variational approach with Davydov Ansätze is a sophisticated, yet efficient technique to obtain an accurate solution to many-body Schrödinger equations for energy and charge transfer dynamics in molecular aggregates and light-harvesting complexes. We extend this variational approach to finite temperature dynamics of the spin-boson model by adopting a Monte Carlo importance sampling method. In order to demonstrate the applicability of this approach, we compare calculated real-time quantum dynamics of the spin-boson model with that from numerically exact iterative quasiadiabatic propagator path integral (QUAPI) technique. The comparison shows that our variational approach with the single Davydov Ansätze is in excellent agreement with the QUAPI method at high temperatures, while the two differ at low temperatures. Accuracy in dynamics calculations employing a multitude of Davydov trial states is found to improve substantially over the single Davydov Ansatz, especially at low temperatures. At a moderate computational cost, our variational approach with the multiple Davydov Ansatz is shown to provide accurate spin-boson dynamics over a wide range of temperatures and bath spectral densities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuta Fujihashi
- Division of Materials Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Lipeng Chen
- Division of Materials Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Yang Zhao
- Division of Materials Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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55
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Blau SM, Bennett DIG, Kreisbeck C, Scholes GD, Aspuru-Guzik A. Local protein solvation drives direct down-conversion in phycobiliprotein PC645 via incoherent vibronic transport. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E3342-E3350. [PMID: 29588417 PMCID: PMC5899487 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1800370115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms controlling excitation energy transport (EET) in light-harvesting complexes remain controversial. Following the observation of long-lived beats in 2D electronic spectroscopy of PC645, vibronic coherence, the delocalization of excited states between pigments supported by a resonant vibration, has been proposed to enable direct excitation transport from the highest-energy to the lowest-energy pigments, bypassing a collection of intermediate states. Here, we instead show that for phycobiliprotein PC645 an incoherent vibronic transport mechanism is at play. We quantify the solvation dynamics of individual pigments using ab initio quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) nuclear dynamics. Our atomistic spectral densities reproduce experimental observations ranging from absorption and fluorescence spectra to the timescales and selectivity of down-conversion observed in transient absorption measurements. We construct a general model for vibronic dimers and establish the parameter regimes of coherent and incoherent vibronic transport. We demonstrate that direct down-conversion in PC645 proceeds incoherently, enhanced by large reorganization energies and a broad collection of high-frequency vibrations. We suggest that a similar incoherent mechanism is appropriate across phycobiliproteins and represents a potential design principle for nanoscale control of EET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel M Blau
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - Doran I G Bennett
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138
- Bio-Inspired Solar Energy Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada
| | - Christoph Kreisbeck
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - Gregory D Scholes
- Bio-Inspired Solar Energy Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
| | - Alán Aspuru-Guzik
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138;
- Bio-Inspired Solar Energy Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada
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56
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory D Scholes
- Department of Chemistry , Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey 08544 , United States
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57
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Zhang Z, Saurabh P, Dorfman KE, Debnath A, Mukamel S. Monitoring polariton dynamics in the LHCII photosynthetic antenna in a microcavity by two-photon coincidence counting. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:074302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5004432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhedong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Prasoon Saurabh
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Konstantin E. Dorfman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Arunangshu Debnath
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Shaul Mukamel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
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58
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Kim CW, Choi B, Rhee YM. Excited state energy fluctuations in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson complex from molecular dynamics simulations with interpolated chromophore potentials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:3310-3319. [PMID: 29186231 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp06303b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We analyze the environment-induced fluctuation of pigment excitation energies in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) complex from various perspectives, by employing an interpolation-based all-atom potential energy model for describing realistic pigment vibrations. We conduct molecular dynamics simulations on a 100 ns timescale, which is an extent that can enclose the effect of static disorder, and demonstrate its timescale separation from fast dynamic disorder. We extract the spectral densities of the complex by considering both the site and the exciton bases. We show that exciton delocalization reduces the effective environmental fluctuation and rationalize this aspect based on a model of fluctuating molecular aggregates. We also obtained the spectral density of the lowest exciton state under low temperature conditions and show that it reasonably well reproduces the experimental result. Finally, by additionally performing non-equilibrium excited state trajectory simulations, we show that the system lies well within the linear response regime after photo-absorption and that the pigments do not visit anharmonic regions of the potential surface to a significant extent. This indicates that methodologies based on harmonic bath models are indeed reasonable approaches for describing the excited state dynamics of the FMO complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Woo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea
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59
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Jansen TLC. Simple Quantum Dynamics with Thermalization. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:172-183. [PMID: 29199829 PMCID: PMC5770886 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b10380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we introduce two simple quantum dynamics methods. One is based on the popular surface-hopping method, and the other is based on rescaling of the propagation on the bath ground-state potential surface. The first method is special, as it avoids specific feedback from the simulated quantum system to the bath and can be applied for precalculated classical trajectories. It is based on the equipartition theorem to determine if hops between different potential energy surfaces are allowed. By comparing with the formally exact Hierarchical Equations Of Motion approach for four model systems we find that the method generally approximates the quantum dynamics toward thermal equilibrium very well. The second method is based on rescaling of the nonadiabatic coupling and also neglect the effect of the state of the quantum system on the bath. By the nature of the approximations, they cannot reproduce the effect of bath relaxation following excitation. However, the methods are both computationally more tractable than the conventional fewest switches surface hopping, and we foresee that the methods will be powerful for simulations of quantum dynamics in systems with complex bath dynamics, where the system-bath coupling is not too strong compared to the thermal energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L. C. Jansen
- Zernike Institute for Advanced
Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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60
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Claridge K, Padula D, Troisi A. How fine-tuned for energy transfer is the environmental noise produced by proteins around biological chromophores? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:17279-17288. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp02613k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of intermolecular motions of pigment–protein complexes shows no significant difference in influence of local environment despite different biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Claridge
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Liverpool
- Liverpool L69 7ZD
- UK
| | - Daniele Padula
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Liverpool
- Liverpool L69 7ZD
- UK
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61
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Correlated Protein Environments Drive Quantum Coherence Lifetimes in Photosynthetic Pigment-Protein Complexes. Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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62
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Fujihashi Y, Wang L, Zhao Y. Direct evaluation of boson dynamics via finite-temperature time-dependent variation with multiple Davydov states. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:234107. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5017713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Fujihashi
- Division of Materials Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Lu Wang
- Division of Materials Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Division of Materials Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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63
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Farhat M, Kais S, Alharbi FH. Effect of Time-Delayed Feedback on the Interaction of a Dimer System with its Environment. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15468. [PMID: 29133789 PMCID: PMC5684406 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15185-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report modeling of non-Markovian open quantum systems, consisting of an excitonic dimer that displays memory effect due to time delayed interaction with its environment. We, indeed investigate the effect of these time delays on quantum coherence and excitation dynamical behavior in the time domain generally considered for photosynthetic experiments (few hundred femtoseconds). In particular, we show that the coherence is maintained for periods proportional to time delays. Additionally, if delay is taken into account, coupling to the environment can be tuned to lower values, unlike in previous studies. This kind of intriguing effect can, therefore, when generalized to complete systems, permit more control on the experimental parameters, which may lead to more accurate description of the photosynthetic energy transfer functioning and subsequent applications in artificial photovoltaic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Farhat
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - S Kais
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Physics and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - F H Alharbi
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
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64
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Sowa JK, Mol JA, Briggs GAD, Gauger EM. Environment-assisted quantum transport through single-molecule junctions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:29534-29539. [PMID: 29082390 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp06237k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Single-molecule electronics has been envisioned as the ultimate goal in the miniaturisation of electronic circuits. While the aim of incorporating single-molecule junctions into modern technology still proves elusive, recent developments in this field have begun to enable experimental investigation of fundamental concepts within the area of chemical physics. One such phenomenon is the concept of environment-assisted quantum transport which has emerged from the investigation of exciton transport in photosynthetic complexes. Here, we study charge transport through a two-site molecular junction coupled to a vibrational environment. We demonstrate that vibrational interactions can significantly enhance the current through specific molecular orbitals. Our study offers a clear pathway towards finding and identifying environment-assisted transport phenomena in charge transport settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub K Sowa
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK.
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65
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Roscioli JD, Ghosh S, LaFountain AM, Frank HA, Beck WF. Quantum Coherent Excitation Energy Transfer by Carotenoids in Photosynthetic Light Harvesting. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:5141-5147. [PMID: 28968122 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
It remains an open question whether quantum coherence and molecular excitons created by delocalization of electronic excited states are essential features of the mechanisms that enable efficient light capture and excitation energy transfer to reaction centers in photosynthetic organisms. The peridinin-chlorophyll a protein from marine dinoflagellates is an example of a light-harvesting system with tightly clustered antenna chromophores in which quantum coherence has long been suspected, but unusually it features the carotenoid peridinin as the principal light absorber for mid-visible photons. We report that broad-band two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy indeed reveals the initial presence of exciton relaxation pathways that enable transfer of excitation from peridinin to chlorophyll a in <20 fs, but the quantum coherence that permits this is very short-lived. Strongly coupled excited-state vibrational distortions of the peridinins trigger a dynamic transition of the electronic structure of the system and a rapid conversion to incoherent energy transfer mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome D Roscioli
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, United States
| | - Soumen Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, United States
| | - Amy M LaFountain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut , Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3036, United States
| | - Harry A Frank
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut , Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3036, United States
| | - Warren F Beck
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, United States
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66
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Tadepalli S, Slocik JM, Gupta MK, Naik RR, Singamaneni S. Bio-Optics and Bio-Inspired Optical Materials. Chem Rev 2017; 117:12705-12763. [PMID: 28937748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Through the use of the limited materials palette, optimally designed micro- and nanostructures, and tightly regulated processes, nature demonstrates exquisite control of light-matter interactions at various length scales. In fact, control of light-matter interactions is an important element in the evolutionary arms race and has led to highly engineered optical materials and systems. In this review, we present a detailed summary of various optical effects found in nature with a particular emphasis on the materials and optical design aspects responsible for their optical functionality. Using several representative examples, we discuss various optical phenomena, including absorption and transparency, diffraction, interference, reflection and antireflection, scattering, light harvesting, wave guiding and lensing, camouflage, and bioluminescence, that are responsible for the unique optical properties of materials and structures found in nature and biology. Great strides in understanding the design principles adapted by nature have led to a tremendous progress in realizing biomimetic and bioinspired optical materials and photonic devices. We discuss the various micro- and nanofabrication techniques that have been employed for realizing advanced biomimetic optical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirimuvva Tadepalli
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | | | | | | | - Srikanth Singamaneni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
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67
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68
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Powell DD, Wasielewski MR, Ratner MA. Redfield Treatment of Multipathway Electron Transfer in Artificial Photosynthetic Systems. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:7190-7203. [PMID: 28661144 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b02748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Coherence effects on electron transfer in a series of symmetric and asymmetric two-, three-, four-, and five-site molecular model systems for photosystem I in cyanobacteria and green plants were studied. The total site energies of the electronic Hamiltonian were calculated using the density functional theory (DFT) formalism and included the zero point vibrational energies of the electron donors and acceptors. Site energies and couplings were calculated using a polarizable continuum model to represent various solvent environments, and the site-to-site couplings were calculated using fragment charge difference methods at the DFT level of theory. The Redfield formalism was used to propagate the electron density from the donors to the acceptors, incorporating relaxation and dephasing effects to describe the electron transfer processes. Changing the relative energies of the donor, intermediate acceptor, and final acceptor molecules in these assemblies has profound effects on the electron transfer rates as well as on the amplitude of the quantum oscillations observed. Increasing the ratio of a particular energy gap to the electronic coupling for a given pair of states leads to weaker quantum oscillations between sites. Biasing the intermediate acceptor energies to slightly favor one pathway leads to a general decrease in electron transfer yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel D Powell
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Mark A Ratner
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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69
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Abstract
We introduce the concept of spatio-temporal steering (STS), which reduces, in special cases, to Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering and the recently-introduced temporal steering. We describe two measures of this effect referred to as the STS weight and robustness. We suggest that these STS measures enable a new way to assess nonclassical correlations in an open quantum network, such as quantum transport through nano-structures or excitation transfer in a complex biological system. As one of our examples, we apply STS to check nonclassical correlations among sites in a photosynthetic pigment-protein complex in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson model.
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70
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A pathway for protective quenching in antenna proteins of Photosystem II. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2523. [PMID: 28566748 PMCID: PMC5451436 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02892-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosynthesis is common in nature, converting sunlight energy into proton motive force and reducing power. The increased spectral range absorption of light exerted by pigments (i.e. chlorophylls, Chls) within Light Harvesting Complexes (LHCs) proves an important advantage under low light conditions. However, in the exposure to excess light, oxidative damages and ultimately cell death can occur. A down-regulatory mechanism, thus, has been evolved (non-photochemical quenching, NPQ). The mechanistic details of its major component (qE) are missing at the atomic scale. The research herein, initiates on solid evidence from the current NPQ state of the art, and reveals a detailed atomistic view by large scale Molecular Dynamics, Metadynamics and ab initio Simulations. The results demonstrate a complete picture of an elaborate common molecular design. All probed antenna proteins (major LHCII from spinach-pea, CP29 from spinach) show striking plasticity in helix-D, under NPQ conditions. This induces changes in Qy bands in excitation and absorption spectra of the near-by pigment pair (Chl613-614) that could emerge as a new quenching site. Zeaxanthin enhances this plasticity (and possibly the quenching) even at milder NPQ conditions.
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71
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Liang XT. Long-Lived Coherence Originating from Electronic-Vibrational Couplings in Light-Harvesting Complexes. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/30/cjcp1609188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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72
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Using coherence to enhance function in chemical and biophysical systems. Nature 2017; 543:647-656. [DOI: 10.1038/nature21425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 398] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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73
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Fujihashi Y, Chen L, Ishizaki A, Wang J, Zhao Y. Effect of high-frequency modes on singlet fission dynamics. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:044101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4973981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Fujihashi
- Division of Materials Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Lipeng Chen
- Division of Materials Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Akihito Ishizaki
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
- School of Physical Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Junling Wang
- Division of Materials Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Yang Zhao
- Division of Materials Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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74
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Schulze J, Shibl MF, Al-Marri MJ, Kühn O. Multi-layer multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree (ML-MCTDH) approach to the correlated exciton-vibrational dynamics in the FMO complex. J Chem Phys 2017; 144:185101. [PMID: 27179506 DOI: 10.1063/1.4948563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The coupled quantum dynamics of excitonic and vibrational degrees of freedom is investigated for high-dimensional models of the Fenna-Matthews-Olson complex. This includes a seven- and an eight-site model with 518 and 592 harmonic vibrational modes, respectively. The coupling between local electronic transitions and vibrations is described within the Huang-Rhys model using parameters that are obtained by discretization of an experimental spectral density. Different pathways of excitation energy flow are analyzed in terms of the reduced one-exciton density matrix, focussing on the role of vibrational and vibronic excitations. Distinct features due to both competing time scales of vibrational and exciton motion and vibronically assisted transfer are observed. The question of the effect of initial state preparation is addressed by comparing the case of an instantaneous Franck-Condon excitation at a single site with that of a laser field excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Schulze
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 23-24, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Mohamed F Shibl
- Gas Processing Center, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammed J Al-Marri
- Gas Processing Center, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Oliver Kühn
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 23-24, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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75
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Ghosh S, Bishop MM, Roscioli JD, LaFountain AM, Frank HA, Beck WF. Excitation Energy Transfer by Coherent and Incoherent Mechanisms in the Peridinin-Chlorophyll a Protein. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:463-469. [PMID: 28042923 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Excitation energy transfer from peridinin to chlorophyll (Chl) a is unusually efficient in the peridinin-chlorophyll a protein (PCP) from dinoflagellates. This enhanced performance is derived from the long intrinsic lifetime of 4.4 ps for the S2 (11Bu+) state of peridinin in PCP, which arises from the electron-withdrawing properties of its carbonyl substituent. Results from heterodyne transient grating spectroscopy indicate that S2 serves as the donor for two channels of energy transfer: a 30 fs process involving quantum coherence and delocalized peridinin-Chl states and an incoherent, 2.5 ps process initiated by dynamic exciton localization, which accompanies the formation of a conformationally distorted intermediate in 45 fs. The lifetime of the S2 state is lengthened in PCP by its intramolecular charge-transfer character, which increases the system-bath coupling and slows the torsional motions that promote nonradiative decay to the S1 (21Ag-) state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, United States
| | - Michael M Bishop
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, United States
| | - Jerome D Roscioli
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, United States
| | - Amy M LaFountain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut , Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3036, United States
| | - Harry A Frank
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut , Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3036, United States
| | - Warren F Beck
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, United States
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76
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Lim J, Ing DJ, Rosskopf J, Jeske J, Cole JH, Huelga SF, Plenio MB. Signatures of spatially correlated noise and non-secular effects in two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:024109. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4973975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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77
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Kondo T, Chen WJ, Schlau-Cohen GS. Single-Molecule Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Photosynthetic Systems. Chem Rev 2017; 117:860-898. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Toru Kondo
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Wei Jia Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Gabriela S. Schlau-Cohen
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge Massachusetts 02139, United States
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78
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Plasmonic bio-sensing for the Fenna-Matthews-Olson complex. Sci Rep 2017; 7:39720. [PMID: 28045089 PMCID: PMC5206648 DOI: 10.1038/srep39720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We study theoretically the bio-sensing capabilities of metal nanowire surface plasmons. As a specific example, we couple the nanowire to specific sites (bacteriochlorophyll) of the Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) photosynthetic pigment protein complex. In this hybrid system, we find that when certain sites of the FMO complex are subject to either the suppression of inter-site transitions or are entirely disconnected from the complex, the resulting variations in the excitation transfer rates through the complex can be monitored through the corresponding changes in the scattering spectra of the incident nanowire surface plasmons. We also find that these changes can be further enhanced by changing the ratio of plasmon-site couplings. The change of the Fano lineshape in the scattering spectra further reveals that “site 5” in the FMO complex plays a distinct role from other sites. Our results provide a feasible way, using single photons, to detect mutation-induced, or bleaching-induced, local defects or modifications of the FMO complex, and allows access to both the local and global properties of the excitation transfer in such systems.
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79
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Brédas JL, Sargent EH, Scholes GD. Photovoltaic concepts inspired by coherence effects in photosynthetic systems. NATURE MATERIALS 2016; 16:35-44. [PMID: 27994245 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The past decade has seen rapid advances in our understanding of how coherent and vibronic phenomena in biological photosynthetic systems aid in the efficient transport of energy from light-harvesting antennas to photosynthetic reaction centres. Such coherence effects suggest strategies to increase transport lengths even in the presence of structural disorder. Here we explore how these principles could be exploited in making improved solar cells. We investigate in depth the case of organic materials, systems in which energy and charge transport stand to be improved by overcoming challenges that arise from the effects of static and dynamic disorder - structural and energetic - and from inherently strong electron-vibration couplings. We discuss how solar-cell device architectures can evolve to use coherence-exploiting materials, and we speculate as to the prospects for a coherent energy conversion system. We conclude with a survey of the impacts of coherence and bioinspiration on diverse solar-energy harvesting solutions, including artificial photosynthetic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Luc Brédas
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, Solar and Photovoltaics Engineering Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Gregory D Scholes
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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80
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Realistic Quantum Control of Energy Transfer in Photosynthetic Processes. ENERGIES 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/en9121063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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81
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Suprun AD, Shmeleva LV. Current in the Protein Nanowires: Quantum Calculations of the Base States. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2016; 11:74. [PMID: 26858156 PMCID: PMC4746145 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1269-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
It is known that synthesis of adenosine triphosphoric acid in mitochondrions may be only completed on the condition of transport of the electron pairs, which were created due to oxidation processes, to mitochondrions. As of today, many efforts were already taken in order to understand those processes that occur in the course of donor-acceptor electron transport between cellular organelles (that is, between various proteins and protein structures). However, the problem concerning the mechanisms of electron transport over these organelles still remains understudied. This paper is dedicated to the investigation of these same issues.It has been shown that regardless of the amino acid inhomogeneity of the primary structure, it is possible to apply a representation of the second quantization in respect of the protein molecule (hereinafter "numbers of filling representation"). Based on this representation, it has been established that the primary structure of the protein molecule is actually a semiconductor nanowire. In addition, at the same time, its conduction band, into which an electron is injected as the result of donor-acceptor processes, consists of five sub-bands. Three of these sub-bands have normal dispersion laws, while the rest two sub-bands have abnormal dispersion laws (reverse laws). Test calculation of the current density was made under the conditions of the complete absence of the factors, which may be interpreted as external fields. It has been shown that under such conditions, current density is exactly equal to zero. This is the evidence of correctness of the predictive model of the conductivity band of the primary structure of the protein molecule (protein nanowire). At the same time, it makes it possible to apply the obtained results in respect of the actual situation, where factors, which may be interpreted as external fields, exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatol D Suprun
- Department of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64/13, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine.
| | - Liudmyla V Shmeleva
- Department of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64/13, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine.
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82
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Zhang Z, Wang J. Origin of long-lived quantum coherence and excitation dynamics in pigment-protein complexes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37629. [PMID: 27876861 PMCID: PMC5120302 DOI: 10.1038/srep37629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We explore the mechanism for the long-lived quantum coherence by considering the discrete phonon modes: these vibrational modes effectively weaken the exciton-environment interaction, due to the new composite (polaron) formed by excitons and vibrons. This subsequently demonstrates the role of vibrational coherence which greatly contributes to long-lived feature of the excitonic coherence that has been observed in femtosecond experiments. The estimation of the timescale of coherence elongated by vibrational modes is given in an analytical manner. To test the validity of our theory, we study the pigment-protein complex in detail by exploring the energy transfer and coherence dynamics. The ground-state vibrational coherence generated by incoherent radiations is shown to be long-survived and is demonstrated to be significant in promoting the excitation energy transfer. This is attributed to the nonequilibriumness of the system caused by the detailed-balance-breaking, which funnels the downhill migration of excitons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhedong Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
- Department of Chemistry, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute for Applied Chemistry, Chinese, Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
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83
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Suzuki Y, Ebina K, Tanaka S. Four-electron model for singlet and triplet excitation energy transfers with inclusion of coherence memory, inelastic tunneling and nuclear quantum effects. Chem Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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84
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Mirkovic T, Ostroumov EE, Anna JM, van Grondelle R, Govindjee, Scholes GD. Light Absorption and Energy Transfer in the Antenna Complexes of Photosynthetic Organisms. Chem Rev 2016; 117:249-293. [PMID: 27428615 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 587] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The process of photosynthesis is initiated by the capture of sunlight by a network of light-absorbing molecules (chromophores), which are also responsible for the subsequent funneling of the excitation energy to the reaction centers. Through evolution, genetic drift, and speciation, photosynthetic organisms have discovered many solutions for light harvesting. In this review, we describe the underlying photophysical principles by which this energy is absorbed, as well as the mechanisms of electronic excitation energy transfer (EET). First, optical properties of the individual pigment chromophores present in light-harvesting antenna complexes are introduced, and then we examine the collective behavior of pigment-pigment and pigment-protein interactions. The description of energy transfer, in particular multichromophoric antenna structures, is shown to vary depending on the spatial and energetic landscape, which dictates the relative coupling strength between constituent pigment molecules. In the latter half of the article, we focus on the light-harvesting complexes of purple bacteria as a model to illustrate the present understanding of the synergetic effects leading to EET optimization of light-harvesting antenna systems while exploring the structure and function of the integral chromophores. We end this review with a brief overview of the energy-transfer dynamics and pathways in the light-harvesting antennas of various photosynthetic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tihana Mirkovic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Evgeny E Ostroumov
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University , Washington Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Jessica M Anna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Rienk van Grondelle
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Govindjee
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 265 Morrill Hall, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Gregory D Scholes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, Princeton University , Washington Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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85
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Higashi M, Saito S. Quantitative Evaluation of Site Energies and Their Fluctuations of Pigments in the Fenna–Matthews–Olson Complex with an Efficient Method for Generating a Potential Energy Surface. J Chem Theory Comput 2016; 12:4128-37. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.6b00516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Higashi
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
| | - Shinji Saito
- Department
of Theoretical and Computational Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, 38 Nishigo-Naka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), 38 Nishigo-Naka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
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86
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When do perturbative approaches accurately capture the dynamics of complex quantum systems? Sci Rep 2016; 6:28204. [PMID: 27335176 PMCID: PMC4917862 DOI: 10.1038/srep28204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the dynamics of higher-dimensional quantum systems embedded in a complex environment remains a significant theoretical challenge. While several approaches yielding numerically converged solutions exist, these are computationally expensive and often provide only limited physical insight. Here we address the question: when do more intuitive and simpler-to-compute second-order perturbative approaches provide adequate accuracy? We develop a simple analytical criterion and verify its validity for the case of the much-studied FMO dynamics as well as the canonical spin-boson model.
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87
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Sun KW, Fujihashi Y, Ishizaki A, Zhao Y. A variational master equation approach to quantum dynamics with off-diagonal coupling in a sub-Ohmic environment. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:204106. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4950888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Wei Sun
- School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Division of Materials Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - Yuta Fujihashi
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Akihito Ishizaki
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Yang Zhao
- Division of Materials Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
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88
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Nazir A, McCutcheon DPS. Modelling exciton-phonon interactions in optically driven quantum dots. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2016; 28:103002. [PMID: 26882465 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/10/103002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We provide a self-contained review of master equation approaches to modelling phonon effects in optically driven self-assembled quantum dots. Coupling of the (quasi) two-level excitonic system to phonons leads to dissipation and dephasing, the rates of which depend on the excitation conditions, intrinsic properties of the QD sample, and its temperature. We describe several techniques, which include weak-coupling master equations that are perturbative in the exciton-phonon coupling, as well as those based on the polaron transformation that can remain valid for strong phonon interactions. We additionally consider the role of phonons in altering the optical emission characteristics of quantum dot devices, outlining how we must modify standard quantum optics treatments to account for the presence of the solid-state environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahsan Nazir
- Photon Science Institute & School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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89
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Abstract
The design of optimal light-harvesting (supra)molecular systems and materials is one of the most challenging frontiers of science. Theoretical methods and computational models play a fundamental role in this difficult task, as they allow the establishment of structural blueprints inspired by natural photosynthetic organisms that can be applied to the design of novel artificial light-harvesting devices. Among theoretical strategies, the application of quantum chemical tools represents an important reality that has already reached an evident degree of maturity, although it still has to show its real potentials. This Review presents an overview of the state of the art of this strategy, showing the actual fields of applicability but also indicating its current limitations, which need to be solved in future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carles Curutchet
- Departament de Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona , Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Benedetta Mennucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa , via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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90
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Popescu B, Rahman H, Kleinekathöfer U. Chebyshev Expansion Applied to Dissipative Quantum Systems. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:3270-7. [PMID: 26845380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b12237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To determine the dynamics of a molecular aggregate under the influence of a strongly time-dependent perturbation within a dissipative environment is still, in general, a challenge. The time-dependent perturbation might be, for example, due to external fields or explicitly treated fluctuations within the environment. Methods to calculate the dynamics in these cases do exist though some of these approaches assume that the corresponding correlation functions can be written as a weighted sum of exponentials. One such theory is the hierarchical equations of motion approach. If the environment, however, is described by a complex spectral density or if its temperature is low, these approaches become very inefficient. Therefore, we propose a scheme based on a Chebyshev decomposition of the bath correlation functions and detail the respective quantum master equations within second-order perturbation theory in the environmental coupling. Similar approaches have recently been proposed for systems coupled to Fermionic reservoirs. The proposed scheme is tested for a simple two-level system and compared to existing results. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of the present Chebyshev approach are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Popescu
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Jacobs University Bremen , Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Hasan Rahman
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Jacobs University Bremen , Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kleinekathöfer
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Jacobs University Bremen , Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
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91
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Fujihashi Y, Ishizaki A. Fluctuations in Electronic Energy Affecting Singlet Fission Dynamics and Mixing with Charge-Transfer State: Quantum Dynamics Study. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:363-369. [PMID: 26732701 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b02678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Singlet fission is a spin-allowed process by which a singlet excited state is converted to two triplet states. To understand mechanisms of the ultrafast fission via a charge transfer (CT) state, one has investigated the dynamics through quantum-dynamical calculations with the uncorrelated fluctuation model; however, the electronic states are expected to experience the same fluctuations induced by the surrounding molecules because the electronic structure of the triplet pair state is similar to that of the singlet state except for the spin configuration. Therefore, the fluctuations in the electronic energies could be correlated, and the 1D reaction coordinate model may adequately describe the fission dynamics. In this work we develop a model for describing the fission dynamics to explain the experimentally observed behaviors. We also explore impacts of fluctuations in the energy of the CT state on the fission dynamics and the mixing with the CT state. The overall behavior of the dynamics is insensitive to values of the reorganization energy associated with the transition from the singlet state to the CT state, although the coherent oscillation is affected by the fluctuations. This result indicates that the mixing with the CT state is rather robust under the fluctuations in the energy of the CT state as well as the high-lying CT state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Fujihashi
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences , Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Akihito Ishizaki
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences , Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
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92
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Mangaud E, de la Lande A, Meier C, Desouter-Lecomte M. Electron transfer within a reaction path model calibrated by constrained DFT calculations: application to mixed-valence organic compounds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:30889-903. [PMID: 26041466 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp01194a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The quantum dynamics of electron transfer in mixed-valence organic compounds is investigated using a reaction path model calibrated by constrained density functional theory (cDFT). Constrained DFT is used to define diabatic states relevant for describing the electron transfer, to obtain equilibrium structures for each of these states and to estimate the electronic coupling between them. The harmonic analysis at the diabatic minima yields normal modes forming the dissipative bath coupled to the electronic states. In order to decrease the system-bath coupling, an effective one dimensional vibronic Hamiltonian is constructed by partitioning the modes into a linear reaction path which connects both equilibrium positions and a set of secondary vibrational modes, coupled to this reaction coordinate. Using this vibronic model Hamiltonian, dissipative quantum dynamics is carried out using Redfield theory, based on a spectral density which is determined from the cDFT results. In a first benchmark case, the model is applied to a series of mixed-valence organic compounds formed by two 1,4-dimethoxy-3-methylphenylene fragments linked by an increasing number of phenylene bridges. This allows us to examine the coherent electron transfer in extreme situations leading to a ground adiabatic state with or without a barrier and therefore to the trapping of the charge or to an easy delocalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mangaud
- Laboratoire Collisions Agrégats Réactivité, UMR 5589, IRSAMC, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Bât. 3R1b4, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062, Toulouse, France. and Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, UMR 8000, Université Paris-Sud, Bât. 349, 15 avenue Jean Perrin, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - A de la Lande
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, UMR 8000, Université Paris-Sud, Bât. 349, 15 avenue Jean Perrin, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - C Meier
- Laboratoire Collisions Agrégats Réactivité, UMR 5589, IRSAMC, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Bât. 3R1b4, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062, Toulouse, France.
| | - M Desouter-Lecomte
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, UMR 8000, Université Paris-Sud, Bât. 349, 15 avenue Jean Perrin, F-91405 Orsay, France and Département de Chimie, Université de Liège, Sart Tilman, B6, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
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93
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Rather SR, Dean JC, Scholes GD. Observing Vibrational Wavepackets during an Ultrafast Electron Transfer Reaction. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:11837-46. [PMID: 26587757 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b09390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recent work has proposed that coherent effects impact ultrafast electron transfer reactions. Here we report studies using broadband pump-probe and two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy of intramolecular nuclear motion on the time scale of the electron transfer between oxazine 1 (Ox1) and dimethylaniline (DMA). We performed time-frequency analysis on the time domain data to assign signal amplitude modulations to ground or excited electronic states in the reactive system (Ox1 in DMA) relative to the control system (Ox1 in chloronaphthalene). It was found that our ability to detect vibrational coherence via the excited electronic state of Ox1 diminishes on the time scale that population is lost by electron transfer. However, the vibrational wavepacket is not damped by the electron transfer process and has been observed previously by detecting the Ox1 radical transient absorption. The analysis presented here indicates that the "addition" of an electron to the photoexcited electron acceptor does not significantly perturb the vibrational coherence, suggesting its presence as a spectator, consistent with the Born-Oppenheimer separation of electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnawaz R. Rather
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Jacob C Dean
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Gregory D Scholes
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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94
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Rosnik AM, Curutchet C. Theoretical Characterization of the Spectral Density of the Water-Soluble Chlorophyll-Binding Protein from Combined Quantum Mechanics/Molecular Mechanics Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 11:5826-37. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.5b00891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreana M. Rosnik
- Department
de Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Carles Curutchet
- Department
de Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
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95
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Jornet-Somoza J, Alberdi-Rodriguez J, Milne BF, Andrade X, Marques MAL, Nogueira F, Oliveira MJT, Stewart JJP, Rubio A. Insights into colour-tuning of chlorophyll optical response in green plants. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:26599-606. [PMID: 26250099 PMCID: PMC4598288 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp03392f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
First-principles calculations within the framework of real-space time-dependent density functional theory have been performed for the complete chlorophyll (Chl) network of the light-harvesting complex from green plants, LHC-II. A local-dipole analysis method developed for this work has made possible the studies of the optical response of individual Chl molecules subjected to the influence of the remainder of the chromophore network. The spectra calculated using our real-space TDDFT method agree with previous suggestions that weak interaction with the protein microenvironment should produce only minor changes in the absorption spectrum of Chl chromophores in LHC-II. In addition, relative shifting of Chl absorption energies leads the stromal and lumenal sides of LHC-II to absorb in slightly different parts of the visible spectrum providing greater coverage of the available light frequencies. The site-specific alterations in Chl excitation energies support the existence of intrinsic energy transfer pathways within the LHC-II complex.
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96
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Manikandan SK, Shaji A. A simple model for exploring the role of quantum coherence and the environment in excitonic energy transfer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:18813-24. [PMID: 26123739 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02550h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the role of quantum coherence in modulating the energy transfer rate between two independent energy donors and a single acceptor participating in an excitonic energy transfer process. The energy transfer rate depends explicitly on the nature of the initial coherent superposition state of the two donors and we connect it to the observed absorption profile of the acceptor and the stimulated emission profile of the energy donors. We consider simple models with mesoscopic environments interacting with the donors and the acceptor and compare the expression we obtained for the energy transfer rate with the results of numerical integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreenath K Manikandan
- School of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, CET Campus, Sreekaryam, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695016.
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97
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Chęcińska A, Pollock FA, Heaney L, Nazir A. Dissipation enhanced vibrational sensing in an olfactory molecular switch. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:025102. [PMID: 25591386 DOI: 10.1063/1.4905377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivated by a proposed olfactory mechanism based on a vibrationally activated molecular switch, we study electron transport within a donor-acceptor pair that is coupled to a vibrational mode and embedded in a surrounding environment. We derive a polaron master equation with which we study the dynamics of both the electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom beyond previously employed semiclassical (Marcus-Jortner) rate analyses. We show (i) that in the absence of explicit dissipation of the vibrational mode, the semiclassical approach is generally unable to capture the dynamics predicted by our master equation due to both its assumption of one-way (exponential) electron transfer from donor to acceptor and its neglect of the spectral details of the environment; (ii) that by additionally allowing strong dissipation to act on the odorant vibrational mode, we can recover exponential electron transfer, though typically at a rate that differs from that given by the Marcus-Jortner expression; (iii) that the ability of the molecular switch to discriminate between the presence and absence of the odorant, and its sensitivity to the odorant vibrational frequency, is enhanced significantly in this strong dissipation regime, when compared to the case without mode dissipation; and (iv) that details of the environment absent from previous Marcus-Jortner analyses can also dramatically alter the sensitivity of the molecular switch, in particular, allowing its frequency resolution to be improved. Our results thus demonstrate the constructive role dissipation can play in facilitating sensitive and selective operation in molecular switch devices, as well as the inadequacy of semiclassical rate equations in analysing such behaviour over a wide range of parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Chęcińska
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Felix A Pollock
- Atomic and Laser Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Libby Heaney
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Ahsan Nazir
- Photon Science Institute and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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98
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Fujihashi Y, Fleming GR, Ishizaki A. Influences of Quantum Mechanically Mixed Electronic and Vibrational Pigment States in 2D Electronic Spectra of Photosynthetic Systems: Strong Electronic Coupling Cases. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201500100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Fujihashi
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444‐8585, Japan
| | - Graham R. Fleming
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Akihito Ishizaki
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444‐8585, Japan
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99
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Chen L, Shenai P, Zheng F, Somoza A, Zhao Y. Optimal Energy Transfer in Light-Harvesting Systems. Molecules 2015; 20:15224-72. [PMID: 26307957 PMCID: PMC6332264 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200815224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Photosynthesis is one of the most essential biological processes in which specialized pigment-protein complexes absorb solar photons, and with a remarkably high efficiency, guide the photo-induced excitation energy toward the reaction center to subsequently trigger its conversion to chemical energy. In this work, we review the principles of optimal energy transfer in various natural and artificial light harvesting systems. We begin by presenting the guiding principles for optimizing the energy transfer efficiency in systems connected to dissipative environments, with particular attention paid to the potential role of quantum coherence in light harvesting systems. We will comment briefly on photo-protective mechanisms in natural systems that ensure optimal functionality under varying ambient conditions. For completeness, we will also present an overview of the charge separation and electron transfer pathways in reaction centers. Finally, recent theoretical and experimental progress on excitation energy transfer, charge separation, and charge transport in artificial light harvesting systems is delineated, with organic solar cells taken as prime examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Chen
- Division of Materials Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue,Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Prathamesh Shenai
- Division of Materials Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue,Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Fulu Zheng
- Division of Materials Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue,Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Alejandro Somoza
- Division of Materials Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue,Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Yang Zhao
- Division of Materials Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue,Singapore 639798, Singapore.
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100
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Yeh SH, Kais S. Simulated two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy of the eight-bacteriochlorophyll FMO complex. J Chem Phys 2015; 141:234105. [PMID: 25527917 DOI: 10.1063/1.4903546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) protein-pigment complex acts as a molecular wire conducting energy between the outer antenna system and the reaction center; it is an important photosynthetic system to study the transfer of excitonic energy. Recent crystallographic studies report the existence of an additional (eighth) bacteriochlorophyll a (BChl a) in some of the FMO monomers. To understand the functionality of this eighth BChl, we simulated the two-dimensional electronic spectra of both the 7-site (apo form) and the 8-site (holo form) variant of the FMO complex from green sulfur bacteria, Prosthecochloris aestuarii. By comparing the spectrum, it was found that the eighth BChl can affect two different excitonic energy transfer pathways: (1) it is directly involved in the first apo form pathway (6 → 3 → 1) by passing the excitonic energy to exciton 6; and (2) it facilitates an increase in the excitonic wave function overlap between excitons 4 and 5 in the second pathway (7 → 4,5 → 2 → 1) and thus increases the possible downward sampling routes across the BChls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hao Yeh
- Department of Chemistry and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Sabre Kais
- Department of Chemistry and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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