1
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Chen H, Liu C, Xu J, Maxwell A, Zhou W, Yang Y, Zhou Q, Bati ASR, Wan H, Wang Z, Zeng L, Wang J, Serles P, Liu Y, Teale S, Liu Y, Saidaminov MI, Li M, Rolston N, Hoogland S, Filleter T, Kanatzidis MG, Chen B, Ning Z, Sargent EH. Improved charge extraction in inverted perovskite solar cells with dual-site-binding ligands. Science 2024; 384:189-193. [PMID: 38603485 DOI: 10.1126/science.adm9474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Inverted (pin) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) afford improved operating stability in comparison to their nip counterparts but have lagged in power conversion efficiency (PCE). The energetic losses responsible for this PCE deficit in pin PSCs occur primarily at the interfaces between the perovskite and the charge-transport layers. Additive and surface treatments that use passivating ligands usually bind to a single active binding site: This dense packing of electrically resistive passivants perpendicular to the surface may limit the fill factor in pin PSCs. We identified ligands that bind two neighboring lead(II) ion (Pb2+) defect sites in a planar ligand orientation on the perovskite. We fabricated pin PSCs and report a certified quasi-steady state PCE of 26.15 and 24.74% for 0.05- and 1.04-square centimeter illuminated areas, respectively. The devices retain 95% of their initial PCE after 1200 hours of continuous 1 sun maximum power point operation at 65°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Aidan Maxwell
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Wei Zhou
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Qilin Zhou
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Abdulaziz S R Bati
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Haoyue Wan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Zaiwei Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Lewei Zeng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Junke Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Peter Serles
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Sam Teale
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Yanjiang Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Makhsud I Saidaminov
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Muzhi Li
- Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Nicholas Rolston
- Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Sjoerd Hoogland
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Tobin Filleter
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
| | | | - Bin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Zhijun Ning
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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2
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Wan H, Jung ED, Zhu T, Park SM, Pina JM, Xia P, Bertens K, Wang YK, Atan O, Chen H, Hou Y, Lee S, Won YH, Kim KH, Hoogland S, Sargent EH. Nickel Oxide Hole Injection Layers for Balanced Charge Injection in Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes. Small 2024:e2402371. [PMID: 38597692 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Quantum dot (QD) light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) are promising for next-generation displays, but suffer from carrier imbalance arising from lower hole injection compared to electron injection. A defect engineering strategy is reported to tackle transport limitations in nickel oxide-based inorganic hole-injection layers (HILs) and find that hole injection is able to enhance in high-performance InP QLEDs using the newly designed material. Through optoelectronic simulations, how the electronic properties of NiOx affect hole injection efficiency into an InP QD layer, finding that efficient hole injection depends on lowering the hole injection barrier and enhancing the acceptor density of NiOx is explored. Li doping and oxygen enriching are identified as effective strategies to control intrinsic and extrinsic defects in NiOx, thereby increasing acceptor density, as evidenced by density functional theory calculations and experimental validation. With fine-tuned inorganic HIL, InP QLEDs exhibit a luminance of 45 200 cd m-2 and an external quantum efficiency of 19.9%, surpassing previous inorganic HIL-based QLEDs. This study provides a path to designing inorganic materials for more efficient and sustainable lighting and display technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyue Wan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Eui Dae Jung
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Tong Zhu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - So Min Park
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Joao M Pina
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Pan Xia
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Koen Bertens
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Ya-Kun Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Ozan Atan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Haijie Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Yi Hou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Seungjin Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Yu-Ho Won
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics, Suwon, 16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hee Kim
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics, Suwon, 16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Sjoerd Hoogland
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
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3
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O'Brien CP, Miao RK, Shayesteh Zeraati A, Lee G, Sargent EH, Sinton D. CO 2 Electrolyzers. Chem Rev 2024; 124:3648-3693. [PMID: 38518224 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
CO2 electrolyzers have progressed rapidly in energy efficiency and catalyst selectivity toward valuable chemical feedstocks and fuels, such as syngas, ethylene, ethanol, and methane. However, each component within these complex systems influences the overall performance, and the further advances needed to realize commercialization will require an approach that considers the whole process, with the electrochemical cell at the center. Beyond the cell boundaries, the electrolyzer must integrate with upstream CO2 feeds and downstream separation processes in a way that minimizes overall product energy intensity and presents viable use cases. Here we begin by describing upstream CO2 sources, their energy intensities, and impurities. We then focus on the cell, the most common CO2 electrolyzer system architectures, and each component within these systems. We evaluate the energy savings and the feasibility of alternative approaches including integration with CO2 capture, direct conversion of flue gas and two-step conversion via carbon monoxide. We evaluate pathways that minimize downstream separations and produce concentrated streams compatible with existing sectors. Applying this comprehensive upstream-to-downstream approach, we highlight the most promising routes, and outlook, for electrochemical CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin P O'Brien
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Rui Kai Miao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Ali Shayesteh Zeraati
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Geonhui Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
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4
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Shirzadi E, Jin Q, Zeraati AS, Dorakhan R, Goncalves TJ, Abed J, Lee BH, Rasouli AS, Wicks J, Zhang J, Ou P, Boureau V, Park S, Ni W, Lee G, Tian C, Meira DM, Sinton D, Siahrostami S, Sargent EH. Ligand-modified nanoparticle surfaces influence CO electroreduction selectivity. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2995. [PMID: 38582773 PMCID: PMC10998913 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47319-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Improving the kinetics and selectivity of CO2/CO electroreduction to valuable multi-carbon products is a challenge for science and is a requirement for practical relevance. Here we develop a thiol-modified surface ligand strategy that promotes electrochemical CO-to-acetate. We explore a picture wherein nucleophilic interaction between the lone pairs of sulfur and the empty orbitals of reaction intermediates contributes to making the acetate pathway more energetically accessible. Density functional theory calculations and Raman spectroscopy suggest a mechanism where the nucleophilic interaction increases the sp2 hybridization of CO(ad), facilitating the rate-determining step, CO* to (CHO)*. We find that the ligands stabilize the (HOOC-CH2)* intermediate, a key intermediate in the acetate pathway. In-situ Raman spectroscopy shows shifts in C-O, Cu-C, and C-S vibrational frequencies that agree with a picture of surface ligand-intermediate interactions. A Faradaic efficiency of 70% is obtained on optimized thiol-capped Cu catalysts, with onset potentials 100 mV lower than in the case of reference Cu catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erfan Shirzadi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Qiu Jin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ali Shayesteh Zeraati
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Roham Dorakhan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tiago J Goncalves
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jehad Abed
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Byoung-Hoon Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Armin Sedighian Rasouli
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joshua Wicks
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pengfei Ou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Victor Boureau
- Interdisciplinary Center for Electron Microscopy, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sungjin Park
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Weiyan Ni
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Geonhui Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cong Tian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Debora Motta Meira
- CLS@APS Sector 20, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
- Canadian Light Source Inc., 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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5
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Huang JE, Chen Y, Ou P, Ding X, Yan Y, Dorakhan R, Lum Y, Li XY, Bai Y, Wu C, Fan M, Lee MG, Miao RK, Liu Y, O'Brien C, Zhang J, Tian C, Liang Y, Xu Y, Luo M, Sinton D, Sargent EH. Selective Electrified Propylene-to-Propylene Glycol Oxidation on Activated Rh-Doped Pd. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8641-8649. [PMID: 38470826 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Renewable-energy-powered electrosynthesis has the potential to contribute to decarbonizing the production of propylene glycol, a chemical that is used currently in the manufacture of polyesters and antifreeze and has a high carbon intensity. Unfortunately, to date, the electrooxidation of propylene under ambient conditions has suffered from a wide product distribution, leading to a low faradic efficiency toward the desired propylene glycol. We undertook mechanistic investigations and found that the reconstruction of Pd to PdO occurs, followed by hydroxide formation under anodic bias. The formation of this metastable hydroxide layer arrests the progressive dissolution of Pd in a locally acidic environment, increases the activity, and steers the reaction pathway toward propylene glycol. Rh-doped Pd further improves propylene glycol selectivity. Density functional theory (DFT) suggests that the Rh dopant lowers the energy associated with the production of the final intermediate in propylene glycol formation and renders the desorption step spontaneous, a concept consistent with experimental studies. We report a 75% faradic efficiency toward propylene glycol maintained over 100 h of operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Erick Huang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Yiqing Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Pengfei Ou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Xueda Ding
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Roham Dorakhan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Yanwei Lum
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Chengqian Wu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Mengyang Fan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Mi Gyoung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Rui Kai Miao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Yanjiang Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Colin O'Brien
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Cong Tian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Yongxiang Liang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Mingchuan Luo
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
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6
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Almutlaq J, Liu Y, Mir WJ, Sabatini RP, Englund D, Bakr OM, Sargent EH. Engineering colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals for quantum information processing. Nat Nanotechnol 2024:10.1038/s41565-024-01606-4. [PMID: 38514820 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-024-01606-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Quantum information processing-which relies on spin defects or single-photon emission-has shown quantum advantage in proof-of-principle experiments including microscopic imaging of electromagnetic fields, strain and temperature in applications ranging from battery research to neuroscience. However, critical gaps remain on the path to wider applications, including a need for improved functionalization, deterministic placement, size homogeneity and greater programmability of multifunctional properties. Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals can close these gaps in numerous application areas, following years of rapid advances in synthesis and functionalization. In this Review, we specifically focus on three key topics: optical interfaces to long-lived spin states, deterministic placement and delivery for sensing beyond the standard quantum limit, and extensions to multifunctional colloidal quantum circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawaher Almutlaq
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Wasim J Mir
- KAUST Catalysis Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Randy P Sabatini
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Dirk Englund
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Osman M Bakr
- KAUST Catalysis Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
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7
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Abdur-Rashid K, Saha SK, Mugisha J, Teale S, Wang S, Saber M, Lough AJ, Sargent EH, Fekl U. Organic Polar Crystals, Second Harmonic Generation, and Piezoelectric Effects from Heteroadamantanes in the Space Group R3m. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302998. [PMID: 38231551 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Polar crystalline materials, a subset of the non-centrosymmetric materials, are highly sought after. Their symmetry properties make them pyroelectric and also piezoelectric and capable of second-harmonic generation (SHG). For SHG and piezoelectric applications, metal oxides are commonly used. The advantages of oxides are durability and hardness - downsides are the need for high-temperature synthesis/processing and often the need to include toxic metals. Organic polar crystals, on the other hand, can avoid toxic metals and can be amenable to solution-state processing. While the vast majority of polar organic molecules crystallize in non-polar space groups, we found that both 7-chloro-1,3,5-triazaadamantane, for short Cl-TAA, and also the related Br-TAA (but not I-TAA) form polar crystals in the space group R3m, easily obtained from dichloromethane solution. Measurements confirm piezoelectric and SHG properties for Cl-TAA and Br-TAA. When the two species are crystallized together, solid solutions form, suggesting that properties of future materials can be tuned continuously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareem Abdur-Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, 3359 Mississauga Road, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, L5L 1 C
| | - Shraman K Saha
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, 3359 Mississauga Road, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, L5L 1 C
| | - Jules Mugisha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, 3359 Mississauga Road, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, L5L 1 C
| | - Sam Teale
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3G8
| | - Sasa Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3G8
| | - Meelad Saber
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, 3359 Mississauga Road, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, L5L 1 C
| | - Alan J Lough
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3G8
| | - Ulrich Fekl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, 3359 Mississauga Road, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, L5L 1 C
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8
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Xu J, Maxwell A, Song Z, Bati ASR, Chen H, Li C, Park SM, Yan Y, Chen B, Sargent EH. The dynamic adsorption affinity of ligands is a surrogate for the passivation of surface defects. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2035. [PMID: 38448441 PMCID: PMC10918106 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46368-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Surface defects in semiconducting materials, though they have been widely studied, remain a prominent source of loss in optoelectronic devices; here we sought a new angle of approach, looking into the dynamic roles played by surface defects under atmospheric stressors and their chemical passivants in the lifetime of optoelectronic materials. We find that surface defects possess properties distinct from those of bulk defects. ab initio molecular dynamics simulations reveal a previously overlooked reversible degradation mechanism mediated by hydrogen vacancies. We find that dynamic surface adsorption affinity (DAA) relative to surface treatment ligands is a surrogate for passivation efficacy, a more strongly-correlated feature than is the static binding strength emphasized in prior reports. This guides us to design targeted passivator ligands with high molecular polarity: for example, 4-aminobutylphosphonic acid exhibits strong DAA and provides defect passivation applicable to a range of perovskite compositions, including suppressed hydrogen vacancy formation, enhanced photovoltaic performances and operational stability in perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Aidan Maxwell
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Zhaoning Song
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization, University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft Street, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
| | - Abdulaziz S R Bati
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Chongwen Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - So Min Park
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Yanfa Yan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization, University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft Street, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
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9
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Zhu H, Shao B, Yin J, Shen Z, Wang L, Huang RW, Chen B, Wehbe N, Ahmad T, Abulikemu M, Jamal A, Gereige I, Freitag M, Mohammed OF, Sargent EH, Bakr OM. Retarding Ion Migration for Stable Blade-Coated Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2306466. [PMID: 37914391 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) through blade coating is seen as one of the most viable paths toward commercialization. However, relative to the less scalable spin coating method, the blade coating process often results in more defective perovskite films with lower grain uniformity. Ion migration, facilitated by those elevated defect levels, is one of the main triggers of phase segregation and device instability. Here, a bifunctional molecule, p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), which enhances the barrier to ion migration, induces grain growth along the (100) facet, and promotes the formation of homogeneous perovskite films with fewer defects, is reported. As a result, PSCs with PABA achieved impressive power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 23.32% and 22.23% for devices with active areas of 0.1 cm2 and 1 cm2 , respectively. Furthermore, these devices maintain 93.8% of their initial efficiencies after 1 000 h under 1-sun illumination, 75 °C, and 10% relative humidity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Zhu
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bingyao Shao
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Zhongjin Shen
- School of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Lijie Wang
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ren-Wu Huang
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Nimer Wehbe
- The Imaging and Characterization Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Taimoor Ahmad
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mutalifu Abulikemu
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Aqil Jamal
- Saudi Aramco: Company General Use, Dhahran, 31311, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Issam Gereige
- Saudi Aramco: Company General Use, Dhahran, 31311, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Marina Freitag
- School of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Omar F Mohammed
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Osman M Bakr
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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10
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Chen Y, Li XY, Chen Z, Ozden A, Huang JE, Ou P, Dong J, Zhang J, Tian C, Lee BH, Wang X, Liu S, Qu Q, Wang S, Xu Y, Miao RK, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Qiu C, Abed J, Liu H, Shin H, Wang D, Li Y, Sinton D, Sargent EH. Efficient multicarbon formation in acidic CO 2 reduction via tandem electrocatalysis. Nat Nanotechnol 2024; 19:311-318. [PMID: 37996517 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01543-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical reduction of CO2 in acidic conditions enables high single-pass carbon efficiency. However, the competing hydrogen evolution reaction reduces selectivity in the electrochemical reduction of CO2, a reaction in which the formation of CO, and its ensuing coupling, are each essential to achieving multicarbon (C2+) product formation. These two reactions rely on distinct catalyst properties that are difficult to achieve in a single catalyst. Here we report decoupling the CO2-to-C2+ reaction into two steps, CO2-to-CO and CO-to-C2+, by deploying two distinct catalyst layers operating in tandem to achieve the desired transformation. The first catalyst, atomically dispersed cobalt phthalocyanine, reduces CO2 to CO with high selectivity. This process increases local CO availability to enhance the C-C coupling step implemented on the second catalyst layer, which is a Cu nanocatalyst with a Cu-ionomer interface. The optimized tandem electrodes achieve 61% C2H4 Faradaic efficiency and 82% C2+ Faradaic efficiency at 800 mA cm-2 at 25 °C. When optimized for single-pass utilization, the system reaches a single-pass carbon efficiency of 90 ± 3%, simultaneous with 55 ± 3% C2H4 Faradaic efficiency and a total C2+ Faradaic efficiency of 76 ± 2%, at 800 mA cm-2 with a CO2 flow rate of 2 ml min-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhu Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adnan Ozden
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jianan Erick Huang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pengfei Ou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Juncai Dong
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cong Tian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Byoung-Hoon Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shijie Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Qingyun Qu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Sasa Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rui Kai Miao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yong Zhao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yanjiang Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chenyue Qiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jehad Abed
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hengzhou Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Heejong Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Dingsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yadong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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11
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Labib M, Wang Z, Kim Y, Lin S, Abdrabou A, Yousefi H, Lo PY, Angers S, Sargent EH, Kelley SO. Identification of druggable regulators of cell secretion via a kinome-wide screen and high-throughput immunomagnetic cell sorting. Nat Biomed Eng 2024; 8:263-277. [PMID: 38012306 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-023-01135-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The identification of genetic regulators of cell secretions is challenging because it requires the sorting of a large number of cells according to their secretion patterns. Here we report the development and applicability of a high-throughput microfluidic method for the analysis of the secretion levels of large populations of immune cells. The method is linked with a kinome-wide loss-of-function CRISPR screen, immunomagnetically sorting the cells according to their secretion levels, and the sequencing of their genomes to identify key genetic modifiers of cell secretion. We used the method, which we validated against flow cytometry for cytokines secreted from primary mouse CD4+ (cluster of differentiation 4-positive) T cells, to discover a subgroup of highly co-expressed kinase-coding genes that regulate interferon-gamma secretion by these cells. We validated the function of the kinases identified using RNA interference, CRISPR knockouts and kinase inhibitors and confirmed the druggability of selected kinases via the administration of a kinase inhibitor in an animal model of colitis. The technique may facilitate the discovery of regulatory mechanisms for immune-cell activation and of therapeutic targets for autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Labib
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zongjie Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Yunhye Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sichun Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Abdalla Abdrabou
- Robert H. Laurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hanie Yousefi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Pei-Ying Lo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Stéphane Angers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shana O Kelley
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Robert H. Laurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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12
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Tian C, Yu J, Zhou D, Ze H, Liu H, Chen Y, Xia R, Ou P, Ni W, Xie K, Sargent EH. Reduction of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-Bis(hydroxymethyl)Furan at High Current Density using a Ga-Doped AgCu:Cationomer Hybrid Electrocatalyst. Adv Mater 2024:e2312778. [PMID: 38421936 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogenation of biomass-derived chemicals is of interest for the production of biofuels and valorized chemicals. Thermochemical processes for biomass reduction typically employ hydrogen as the reductant at elevated temperatures and pressures. Here, the authors investigate the direct electrified reduction of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to a precursor to bio-polymers, 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF). Noting a limited current density in prior reports of this transformation, a hybrid catalyst consisting of ternary metal nanodendrites mixed with a cationic ionomer, the latter purposed to increase local pH and facilitate surface proton diffusion, is investigated. This approach, when implemented using Ga-doped Ag-Cu electrocatalysts designed for p-d orbital hybridization, steered selectivity to BHMF, achieving a faradaic efficiency (FE) of 58% at 100 mA cm-2 and a production rate of 1 mmol cm-2 h-1, the latter a doubling in rate compared to the best prior reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Jiaqi Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Daojin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Huajie Ze
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Hengzhou Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Yuanjun Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Rong Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Pengfei Ou
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Weiyan Ni
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Ke Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
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13
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Zhang Y, Xia P, Rehl B, Parmar DH, Choi D, Imran M, Chen Y, Liu Y, Vafaie M, Li C, Atan O, Pina JM, Paritmongkol W, Levina L, Voznyy O, Hoogland S, Sargent EH. Dicarboxylic Acid-Assisted Surface Oxide Removal and Passivation of Indium Antimonide Colloidal Quantum Dots for Short-Wave Infrared Photodetectors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316733. [PMID: 38170453 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Heavy-metal-free III-V colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are promising materials for solution-processed short-wave infrared (SWIR) photodetectors. Recent progress in the synthesis of indium antimonide (InSb) CQDs with sizes smaller than the Bohr exciton radius enables quantum-size effect tuning of the band gap. However, it has been challenging to achieve uniform InSb CQDs with band gaps below 0.9 eV, as well as to control the surface chemistry of these large-diameter CQDs. This has, to date, limited the development of InSb CQD photodetectors that are sensitive to ≥ ${\ge }$ 1400 nm light. Here we adopt solvent engineering to facilitate a diffusion-limited growth regime, leading to uniform CQDs with a band gap of 0.89 eV. We then develop a CQD surface reconstruction strategy that employs a dicarboxylic acid to selectively remove the native In/Sb oxides, and enables a carboxylate-halide co-passivation with the subsequent halide ligand exchange. We find that this strategy reduces trap density by half compared to controls, and enables electronic coupling among CQDs. Photodetectors made using the tailored CQDs achieve an external quantum efficiency of 25 % at 1400 nm, the highest among III-V CQD photodetectors in this spectral region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangning Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, M5S 3G4, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pan Xia
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, M5S 3G4, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benjamin Rehl
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, M5S 3G4, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Darshan H Parmar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, M5S 3G4, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dongsun Choi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, M5S 3G4, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, M5S 3G4, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yiqing Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, M5S 3G4, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yanjiang Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, M5S 3G4, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maral Vafaie
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, M5S 3G4, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chongwen Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, M5S 3G4, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ozan Atan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, M5S 3G4, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joao M Pina
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, M5S 3G4, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Watcharaphol Paritmongkol
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, M5S 3G4, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, 21210, Rayong, Thailand
| | - Larissa Levina
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, M5S 3G4, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Oleksandr Voznyy
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto (Scarborough), 1065 Military Trail, M1C 1A4, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sjoerd Hoogland
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, M5S 3G4, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, M5S 3G4, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Petrulevicius J, Yang Y, Liu C, Steponaitis M, Kamarauskas E, Daskeviciene M, Bati ASR, Malinauskas T, Jankauskas V, Rakstys K, Kanatzidis MG, Sargent EH, Getautis V. Asymmetric Triphenylethylene-Based Hole Transporting Materials for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:7310-7316. [PMID: 38317431 PMCID: PMC10875638 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Molecular hole-transporting materials (HTMs) having triphenylethylene central core were designed, synthesized, and employed in perovskite solar cell (PSC) devices. The synthesized HTM derivatives were obtained in a two- or three-step synthetic procedure, and their characteristics were analyzed by various thermoanalytical, optical, photophysical, and photovoltaic techniques. The most efficient PSC device recorded a 23.43% power conversion efficiency. Furthermore, the longevity of the device employing V1509 HTM surpassed that of PSC with state-of-art spiro-OMeTAD as the reference HTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius Petrulevicius
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas
University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas 50254, Lithuania
| | - Yi Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Matas Steponaitis
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas
University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas 50254, Lithuania
| | - Egidijus Kamarauskas
- Institute
of Chemical Physics Vilnius University, Sauletekio al. 3, Vilnius 10257, Lithuania
| | - Maryte Daskeviciene
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas
University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas 50254, Lithuania
| | - Abdulaziz S. R. Bati
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Tadas Malinauskas
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas
University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas 50254, Lithuania
| | - Vygintas Jankauskas
- Institute
of Chemical Physics Vilnius University, Sauletekio al. 3, Vilnius 10257, Lithuania
| | - Kasparas Rakstys
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas
University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas 50254, Lithuania
| | - Mercouri G. Kanatzidis
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Edward H. Sargent
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Vytautas Getautis
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas
University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas 50254, Lithuania
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15
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Wang X, Chen Y, Li F, Miao RK, Huang JE, Zhao Z, Li XY, Dorakhan R, Chu S, Wu J, Zheng S, Ni W, Kim D, Park S, Liang Y, Ozden A, Ou P, Hou Y, Sinton D, Sargent EH. Site-selective protonation enables efficient carbon monoxide electroreduction to acetate. Nat Commun 2024; 15:616. [PMID: 38242870 PMCID: PMC10798983 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44727-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrosynthesis of acetate from CO offers the prospect of a low-carbon-intensity route to this valuable chemical--but only once sufficient selectivity, reaction rate and stability are realized. It is a high priority to achieve the protonation of the relevant intermediates in a controlled fashion, and to achieve this while suppressing the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and while steering multicarbon (C2+) products to a single valuable product--an example of which is acetate. Here we report interface engineering to achieve solid/liquid/gas triple-phase interface regulation, and we find that it leads to site-selective protonation of intermediates and the preferential stabilization of the ketene intermediates: this, we find, leads to improved selectivity and energy efficiency toward acetate. Once we further tune the catalyst composition and also optimize for interfacial water management, we achieve a cadmium-copper catalyst that shows an acetate Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 75% with ultralow HER (<0.2% H2 FE) at 150 mA cm-2. We develop a high-pressure membrane electrode assembly system to increase CO coverage by controlling gas reactant distribution and achieve 86% acetate FE simultaneous with an acetate full-cell energy efficiency (EE) of 32%, the highest energy efficiency reported in direct acetate electrosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yuanjun Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Rui Kai Miao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Jianan Erick Huang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Zilin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Roham Dorakhan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Senlin Chu
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jinhong Wu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Sixing Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Weiyan Ni
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Dongha Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Sungjin Park
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Yongxiang Liang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Adnan Ozden
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Pengfei Ou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Yang Hou
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada.
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada.
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16
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Xia P, Zhu T, Imran M, Pina JM, Atan O, Najarian AM, Chen H, Zhang Y, Jung E, Biondi M, Vafaie M, Li C, Grater L, Khatri A, Singh A, Hoogland S, Sargent EH. Arresting Ion Migration from the ETL Increases Stability in Infrared Light Detectors Based on III-V Colloidal Quantum Dots. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2310122. [PMID: 37983739 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
III-V colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are of interest in infrared photodetection, and recent developments in CQDs synthesis and surface engineering have improved performance. Here this work investigates photodetector stability, finding that the diffusion of zinc ions from charge transport layers (CTLs) into the CQDs active layer increases trap density therein, leading to rapid and irreversible performance loss during operation. In an effort to prevent this, this work introduces organic blocking layers between the CQDs and ZnO layers; but these negatively impact device performance. The device is then, allowing to use a C60:BCP as top electron-transport layer (ETL) for good morphology and process compatibility, and selecting NiOX as the bottom hole-transport layer (HTL). The first round of NiOX -based devices show efficient light response but suffer from high leakage current and a low open-circuit voltage (Voc) due to pinholes. This work introduces poly[bis(4-phenyl) (2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA) with NiOX NC to form a hybrid HTL, an addition that reduces pinhole formation, interfacial trap density, and bimolecular recombination, enhancing carrier harvesting. The photodetectors achieve 53% external quantum efficiency (EQE) at 970 nm at 1 V applied bias, and they maintain 95% of initial performance after 19 h of continuous illuminated operation. The photodetectors retain over 80% of performance after 80 days of shelf storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Xia
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Tong Zhu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Joao M Pina
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Ozan Atan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Amin Morteza Najarian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Yangning Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Euidae Jung
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Margherita Biondi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Maral Vafaie
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Chongwen Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Luke Grater
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Aayushi Khatri
- STMicroelectronics, Digital Front-end Manufacturing & Technology, Technology for Optical Sensors, Fremont, California, 94538, USA
| | - Ajay Singh
- STMicroelectronics, Digital Front-end Manufacturing & Technology, Technology for Optical Sensors, Fremont, California, 94538, USA
| | - Sjoerd Hoogland
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
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17
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Parmar DH, Rehl B, Atan O, Hoogland S, Sargent EH. Transient Measurements and Simulations Correlate Exchange Ligand Concentration and Trap States in Colloidal Quantum Dot Photodetectors. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:59931-59938. [PMID: 38085700 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal quantum dot (CQD) photodetectors (PDs) can detect wavelengths longer than the 1100 nm limit of silicon because of their highly tunable bandgaps. CQD PDs are acutely affected by the ligands that separate adjacent dots in a CQD-solid. Optimizing the exchange solution ligand concentration in the processing steps is crucial to achieving high photodetector performance. However, the complex mix of chemistry and optoelectronics involved in CQD PDs means that the effects of the exchange solution ligand concentration on device physics are poorly understood. Here we report direct correspondence between simulated and experimental transient photocurrent responses in CQD PDs. For both deficient and excess conditions, our model demonstrated the experimental changes to the transient photocurrent aligned with changes in trap state density. Combining transient photoluminescence, absorption, and photocurrent with this simulation model, we revealed that different mechanisms are responsible for the increased trap density induced by excess and deficient active layer ligand concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshan H Parmar
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Benjamin Rehl
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Ozan Atan
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Sjoerd Hoogland
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
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18
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Najarian AM, Vafaie M, Sabatini R, Wang S, Li P, Xu S, Saidaminov MI, Hoogland S, Sargent EH. 2D Hybrid Perovskites Employing an Organic Cation Paired with a Neutral Molecule. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:27242-27247. [PMID: 38061040 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) hybrid perovskites harness the chemical and structural versatility of organic compounds. Here, we explore 2D perovskites that incorporate both a first organic component, a primary ammonium cation, and a second neutral organic module. Through the experimental examination of 42 organic pairs with a range of functional groups and organic backbones, we identify five crystallization scenarios that occur upon mixing. Only one leads to the cointercalation of the organic modules with distinct and extended interlayer spacing, which is observed with the aid of X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern analysis combined with cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and elemental analysis. We present a picture in which complementary pairs, capable of forming intermolecular bonds, cocrystallize with multiple structural arrangements. These arrangements are a function of the ratio of organic content, annealing temperature, and substrate surface characteristics. We highlight how noncovalent bonds, particularly hydrogen and halogen bonding, enable the influence over the organic sublattice in hybrid halide perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Morteza Najarian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Maral Vafaie
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Randy Sabatini
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Sasa Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Peng Li
- NanoFAB, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2V4, Canada
| | - Shihong Xu
- NanoFAB, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2V4, Canada
| | - Makhsud I Saidaminov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Sjoerd Hoogland
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto M5S 3G4, Canada
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19
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Wang Z, Chang D, Sargent EH, Kelley SO. Apta FastZ: An Algorithm for the Rapid Identification of Aptamers with Defined Binding Affinities. Anal Chem 2023; 95:17438-17443. [PMID: 37991715 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Real-time biomolecular monitoring requires biosensors based on affinity reagents, such as aptamers, with moderate to low affinities for the best binding dynamics and signal gain. We recently reported Pro-SELEX, an approach that utilizes parallelized SELEX and high-content bioinformatics for the selection of aptamers with predefined binding affinities. The Pro-SELEX pipeline relies on an algorithm, termed AptaZ, that can predict the binding affinities of selected aptamers. The original AptaZ algorithm is computationally complex and slows the overall throughput of Pro-SELEX. Here, we present Apta FastZ, a rapid equivalent of AptaZ. The Apta FastZ algorithm considers the spare nature of the sequences from SELEX and is coded to avoid unnecessary comparison between sequences. As a result, Apta FastZ achieved a 10 to 40-fold faster computing speed compared to the original AptaZ algorithm while maintaining identical outcomes, allowing the bioinformatics to be completed within 1-10 h for large-scale data sets. We further validated the affinity of myeloperoxidase aptamers predicted by Apta FastZ by experiments and observed a high level of linear correlation between predicted scores and measured affinities. Taken together, the implementation of Apta FastZ could greatly accelerate the current Pro-SELEX workflow, allowing customized aptamers to be discovered within 3 days using preselected DNA libraries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongjie Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Dingran Chang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Chemistry, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Shana O Kelley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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20
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Park SM, Wei M, Lempesis N, Yu W, Hossain T, Agosta L, Carnevali V, Atapattu HR, Serles P, Eickemeyer FT, Shin H, Vafaie M, Choi D, Darabi K, Jung ED, Yang Y, Kim DB, Zakeeruddin SM, Chen B, Amassian A, Filleter T, Kanatzidis MG, Graham KR, Xiao L, Rothlisberger U, Grätzel M, Sargent EH. Low-loss contacts on textured substrates for inverted perovskite solar cells. Nature 2023; 624:289-294. [PMID: 37871614 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06745-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) promise enhanced operating stability compared to their normal-structure counterparts1-3. To improve efficiency further, it is crucial to combine effective light management with low interfacial losses4,5. Here we develop a conformal self-assembled monolayer (SAM) as the hole-selective contact on light-managing textured substrates. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that cluster formation during phosphonic acid adsorption leads to incomplete SAM coverage. We devise a co-adsorbent strategy that disassembles high-order clusters, thus homogenizing the distribution of phosphonic acid molecules, and thereby minimizing interfacial recombination and improving electronic structures. We report a laboratory-measured power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.3% and a certified quasi-steady-state PCE of 24.8% for inverted PSCs, with a photocurrent approaching 95% of the Shockley-Queisser maximum. An encapsulated device having a PCE of 24.6% at room temperature retains 95% of its peak performance when stressed at 65 °C and 50% relative humidity following more than 1,000 h of maximum power point tracking under 1 sun illumination. This represents one of the most stable PSCs subjected to accelerated ageing: achieved with a PCE surpassing 24%. The engineering of phosphonic acid adsorption on textured substrates offers a promising avenue for efficient and stable PSCs. It is also anticipated to benefit other optoelectronic devices that require light management.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Min Park
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mingyang Wei
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nikolaos Lempesis
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wenjin Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Tareq Hossain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Lorenzo Agosta
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Virginia Carnevali
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Peter Serles
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Felix T Eickemeyer
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Heejong Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Maral Vafaie
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Deokjae Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Kasra Darabi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Eui Dae Jung
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Da Bin Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shaik M Zakeeruddin
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Aram Amassian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Tobin Filleter
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Kenneth R Graham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Lixin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ursula Rothlisberger
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Grätzel
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
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21
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Yu J, Le T, Jing D, Stavitski E, Hunter N, Lalit K, Leshchev D, Resasco DE, Sargent EH, Wang B, Huang W. Balancing elementary steps enables coke-free dry reforming of methane. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7514. [PMID: 37980344 PMCID: PMC10657353 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43277-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Balancing kinetics, a crucial priority in catalysis, is frequently achieved by sacrificing activity of elementary steps to suppress side reactions and enhance catalyst stability. Dry reforming of methane (DRM), a process operated at high temperature, usually involves fast C-H activation but sluggish carbon removal, resulting in coke deposition and catalyst deactivation. Studies focused solely on catalyst innovation are insufficient in addressing coke formation efficiently. Herein, we develop coke-free catalysts that balance kinetics of elementary steps for overall thermodynamics optimization. Beginning from a highly active cobalt aluminum oxide (CoAl2O4) catalyst that is susceptible to severe coke formation, we substitute aluminum (Al) with gallium (Ga), reporting a CoAl0.5Ga1.5O4-R catalyst that performs DRM stably over 1000 hours without observable coke deposition. We find that Ga enhances DRM stability by suppressing C-H activation to balance carbon removal. A series of coke-free DRM catalysts are developed herein by partially substituting Al from CoAl2O4 with other metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Tien Le
- School of Sustainable Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
| | - Dapeng Jing
- Materials Analysis and Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50010, USA
| | - Eli Stavitski
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Nicholas Hunter
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Kanika Lalit
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Denis Leshchev
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Daniel E Resasco
- School of Sustainable Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Sustainable Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA.
| | - Wenyu Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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22
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Liu C, Yang Y, Chen H, Xu J, Liu A, Bati ASR, Zhu H, Grater L, Hadke SS, Huang C, Sangwan VK, Cai T, Shin D, Chen LX, Hersam MC, Mirkin CA, Chen B, Kanatzidis MG, Sargent EH. Bimolecularly passivated interface enables efficient and stable inverted perovskite solar cells. Science 2023; 382:810-815. [PMID: 37972154 DOI: 10.1126/science.adk1633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Compared with the n-i-p structure, inverted (p-i-n) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) promise increased operating stability, but these photovoltaic cells often exhibit lower power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) because of nonradiative recombination losses, particularly at the perovskite/C60 interface. We passivated surface defects and enabled reflection of minority carriers from the interface into the bulk using two types of functional molecules. We used sulfur-modified methylthio molecules to passivate surface defects and suppress recombination through strong coordination and hydrogen bonding, along with diammonium molecules to repel minority carriers and reduce contact-induced interface recombination achieved through field-effect passivation. This approach led to a fivefold longer carrier lifetime and one-third the photoluminescence quantum yield loss and enabled a certified quasi-steady-state PCE of 25.1% for inverted PSCs with stable operation at 65°C for >2000 hours in ambient air. We also fabricated monolithic all-perovskite tandem solar cells with 28.1% PCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Ao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Abdulaziz S R Bati
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Huihui Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Luke Grater
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Shreyash Sudhakar Hadke
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Chuying Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Vinod K Sangwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Tong Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Donghoon Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Lin X Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Mark C Hersam
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Chad A Mirkin
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | | | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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23
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Muhammad, Choi D, Parmar DH, Rehl B, Zhang Y, Atan O, Kim G, Xia P, Pina JM, Li M, Liu Y, Voznyy O, Hoogland S, Sargent EH. Halide-Driven Synthetic Control of InSb Colloidal Quantum Dots Enables Short-Wave Infrared Photodetectors. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2306147. [PMID: 37734861 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
In the III-V family of colloidal quantum dot (CQD) semiconductors, InSb promises access to a wider range of infrared wavelengths compared to many light-sensing material candidates. However, achieving the necessary size, size-dispersity, and optical properties has been challenging. Here the synthetic challenges associated with InSb CQDs are investigated and it is found that uncontrolled reduction of the antimony precursor hampers the controlled growth of CQDs. To overcome this, a synthetic strategy that combines nonpyrophoric precursors with zinc halide additives is developed. The experimental and computational studies show that zinc halide additives decelerate the reduction of the antimony precursor, facilitating the growth of more uniformly sized CQDs. It is also found that the halide choice provides additional control over the strength of this effect. The resultant CQDs exhibit well-defined excitonic transitions in spectral range of 1.26-0.98 eV, along with strong photoluminescence. By implementing a postsynthesis ligand exchange, colloidally stable inks enabling the fabrication of high-quality CQD films are achieved. The first demonstration of InSb CQD photodetectors is presented reaching 75% external quantum efficiency (QE) at 1200 nm, to the knowledge the highest short-wave infrared (SWIR) QE reported among heavy-metal-free infrared CQD-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Dongsun Choi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Darshan H Parmar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Benjamin Rehl
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Yangning Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Ozan Atan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Gahyeon Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Pan Xia
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Joao M Pina
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Mengsha Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Yanjiang Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Oleksandr Voznyy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Sjoerd Hoogland
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
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24
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Xu J, Chen H, Grater L, Liu C, Yang Y, Teale S, Maxwell A, Mahesh S, Wan H, Chang Y, Chen B, Rehl B, Park SM, Kanatzidis MG, Sargent EH. Anion optimization for bifunctional surface passivation in perovskite solar cells. Nat Mater 2023:10.1038/s41563-023-01705-y. [PMID: 37903926 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01705-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Pseudo-halide (PH) anion engineering has emerged as a surface passivation strategy of interest for perovskite-based optoelectronics; but until now, PH anions have led to insufficient defect passivation and thus to undesired deep impurity states. The size of the chemical space of PH anions (>106 molecules) has so far limited attempts to explore the full family of candidate molecules. We created a machine learning workflow to speed up the discovery process using full-density functional theory calculations for training the model. The physics-informed machine learning model allowed us to pinpoint promising molecules with a head group that prevents lattice distortion and anti-site defect formation, and a tail group optimized for strong attachment to the surface. We identified 15 potential bifunctional PH anions with the ability to passivate both donors and acceptors, and through experimentation, discovered that sodium thioglycolate was the most effective passivant. This strategy resulted in a power-conversion efficiency of 24.56% with a high open-circuit voltage of 1.19 volts (24.04% National Renewable Energy Lab-certified quasi-steady-state) in inverted perovskite solar cells. Encapsulated devices maintained 96% of their initial power-conversion energy during 900 hours of one-sun operation at the maximum power point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luke Grater
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Sam Teale
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aidan Maxwell
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suhas Mahesh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Haoyue Wan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuxin Chang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Benjamin Rehl
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - So Min Park
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
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25
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Vafaie M, Morteza Najarian A, Xu J, Richter LJ, Li R, Zhang Y, Imran M, Xia P, Ban HW, Levina L, Singh A, Meitzner J, Pattantyus-Abraham AG, García de Arquer FP, Sargent EH. Molecular surface programming of rectifying junctions between InAs colloidal quantum dot solids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2305327120. [PMID: 37788308 PMCID: PMC10576070 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2305327120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy-metal-free III-V colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) show promise in optoelectronics: Recent advancements in the synthesis of large-diameter indium arsenide (InAs) CQDs provide access to short-wave infrared (IR) wavelengths for three-dimensional ranging and imaging. In early studies, however, we were unable to achieve a rectifying photodiode using CQDs and molybdenum oxide/polymer hole transport layers, as the shallow valence bandedge (5.0 eV) was misaligned with the ionization potentials of the widely used transport layers. This occurred when increasing CQD diameter to decrease the bandgap below 1.1 eV. Here, we develop a rectifying junction among InAs CQD layers, where we use molecular surface modifiers to tune the energy levels of InAs CQDs electrostatically. Previously developed bifunctional dithiol ligands, established for II-VI and IV-VI CQDs, exhibit slow reaction kinetics with III-V surfaces, causing the exchange to fail. We study carboxylate and thiolate binding groups, united with electron-donating free end groups, that shift upward the valence bandedge of InAs CQDs, producing valence band energies as shallow as 4.8 eV. Photophysical studies combined with density functional theory show that carboxylate-based passivants participate in strong bidentate bridging with both In and As on the CQD surface. The tuned CQD layer incorporated into a photodiode structure achieves improved performance with EQE (external quantum efficiency) of 35% (>1 μm) and dark current density < 400 nA cm-2, a >25% increase in EQE and >90% reduced dark current density compared to the reference device. This work represents an advance over previous III-V CQD short-wavelength IR photodetectors (EQE < 5%, dark current > 10,000 nA cm-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maral Vafaie
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Amin Morteza Najarian
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Jian Xu
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Lee J. Richter
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD20899
| | - Ruipeng Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York, NY11973
| | - Yangning Zhang
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Muhammad Imran
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Pan Xia
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Hyeong Woo Ban
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Larissa Levina
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Ajay Singh
- STMicroelectronics, Digital Front-end Manufacturing and Technology, Technology for Optical Sensors, Fremont, CA94538
| | - Jet Meitzner
- STMicroelectronics, Digital Front-end Manufacturing and Technology, Technology for Optical Sensors, Fremont, CA94538
| | - Andras G. Pattantyus-Abraham
- STMicroelectronics, Digital Front-end Manufacturing and Technology, Technology for Optical Sensors, Fremont, CA94538
| | - F. Pelayo García de Arquer
- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona08860, Spain
| | - Edward H. Sargent
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 3G4, Canada
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26
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Choubisa H, Haque MA, Zhu T, Zeng L, Vafaie M, Baran D, Sargent EH. Closed-Loop Error-Correction Learning Accelerates Experimental Discovery of Thermoelectric Materials. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2302575. [PMID: 37378643 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The exploration of thermoelectric materials is challenging considering the large materials space, combined with added exponential degrees of freedom coming from doping and the diversity of synthetic pathways. Here, historical data is incorporated, and is updated using experimental feedback by employing error-correction learning (ECL). This is achieved by learning from prior datasets and then adapting the model to differences in synthesis and characterization that are otherwise difficult to parameterize. This strategy is thus applied to discovering thermoelectric materials, where synthesis is prioritized at temperatures <300 °C. A previously unexplored chemical family of thermoelectric materials, PbSe:SnSb, is documented, finding that the best candidate in this chemical family, 2 wt% SnSb doped PbSe, exhibits a power factor more than 2× that of PbSe. The investigations herein reveal that a closed-loop experimentation strategy reduces the required number of experiments to find an optimized material by a factor as high as 3× compared to high-throughput searches powered by state-of-the-art machine-learning (ML) models. It is also observed that this improvement is dependent on the accuracy of the ML model in a manner that exhibits diminishing returns: once a certain accuracy is reached, factors that are instead associated with experimental pathways begin to dominate trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitarth Choubisa
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Md Azimul Haque
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Physical Science and Engineering Division, KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tong Zhu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Lewei Zeng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Maral Vafaie
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Derya Baran
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Physical Science and Engineering Division, KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
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27
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Wang YK, Jia F, Li X, Teale S, Xia P, Liu Y, Chan PTS, Wan H, Hassan Y, Imran M, Chen H, Grater L, Sun LD, Walker GC, Hoogland S, Lu ZH, Yan CH, Liao LS, Sargent EH. Self-assembled monolayer-based blue perovskite LEDs. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadh2140. [PMID: 37683007 PMCID: PMC10491221 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh2140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Blue perovskite light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have shown external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of more than 10%; however, devices that emit in the true blue-those that accord with the emission wavelength required for Rec. 2100 primary blue-have so far been limited to EQEs of ~6%. We focused here on true blue emitting CsPbBr3 colloidal nanocrystals (c-NCs), finding in early studies that they suffer from a high charge injection barrier, a problem exacerbated in films containing multiple layers of nanocrystals. We introduce a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) active layer that improves charge injection. We identified a bifunctional capping ligand that simultaneously enables the self-assembly of CsPbBr3 c-NCs while passivating surface traps. We report, as a result, SAM-based LEDs exhibit a champion EQE of ~12% [CIE of (0.132, 0.069) at 4.0 V with a luminance of 11 cd/m2], and 10-fold-enhanced operating stability relative to the best previously reported Rec. 2100-blue perovskite LEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Kun Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Fengyan Jia
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaoyue Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Sam Teale
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Pan Xia
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Phoebe Tsz-shan Chan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Haoyue Wan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Yasser Hassan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Luke Grater
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Ling-Dong Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Gilbert C. Walker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Sjoerd Hoogland
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Zheng-Hong Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Chun-Hua Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Liang-Sheng Liao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Edward H. Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
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28
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Wang Z, Ahmed S, Labib M, Wang H, Wu L, Bavaghar-Zaeimi F, Shokri N, Blanco S, Karim S, Czarnecka-Kujawa K, Sargent EH, McGray AJR, de Perrot M, Kelley SO. Isolation of tumour-reactive lymphocytes from peripheral blood via microfluidic immunomagnetic cell sorting. Nat Biomed Eng 2023; 7:1188-1203. [PMID: 37037966 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-023-01023-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
The clinical use of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes for the treatment of solid tumours is hindered by the need to obtain large and fresh tumour fractions, which is often not feasible in patients with unresectable tumours or recurrent metastases. Here we show that circulating tumour-reactive lymphocytes (cTRLs) can be isolated from peripheral blood at high yield and purity via microfluidic immunomagnetic cell sorting, allowing for comprehensive downstream analyses of these rare cells. We observed that CD103 is strongly expressed by the isolated cTRLs, and that in mice with subcutaneous tumours, tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes isolated from the tumours and rapidly expanded CD8+CD103+ cTRLs isolated from blood are comparably potent and respond similarly to immune checkpoint blockade. We also show that CD8+CD103+ cTRLs isolated from the peripheral blood of patients and co-cultured with tumour cells dissociated from their resected tumours resulted in the enrichment of interferon-γ-secreting cell populations with T-cell-receptor clonotypes substantially overlapping those of the patients' tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes. Therapeutically potent cTRLs isolated from peripheral blood may advance the clinical development of adoptive cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongjie Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sharif Ahmed
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Mahmoud Labib
- Department of Chemistry, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Hansen Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Licun Wu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fatemeh Bavaghar-Zaeimi
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nastaran Shokri
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Soraly Blanco
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Saraf Karim
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kasia Czarnecka-Kujawa
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A J Robert McGray
- Department of Immunology, Division of Translational Immuno-Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Marc de Perrot
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Immunology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shana O Kelley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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29
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Khan AA, Rana MM, Wang S, Fattah MFA, Kayaharman M, Zhang K, Benedict S, Goldthorpe IA, Zhou YN, Sargent EH, Ban D. Control of Halogen Atom in Inorganic Metal-Halide Perovskites Enables Large Piezoelectricity for Electromechanical Energy Generation. Small 2023; 19:e2303366. [PMID: 37183275 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Regulating the strain of inorganic perovskites has emerged as a critical approach to control their electronic and optical properties. Here, an alternative strategy to further control the piezoelectric properties by substituting the halogen atom (I/Br) in the CsPbX3 perovskite (X = Cl, Br) structure is adopted. A series of piezoelectric materials with excellent piezoelectric coefficients (d33 ) are unveiled. Iodine-incorporated CsPbBr2 I demonstrates the record intrinsic piezoelectric response (d33 ≈47 pC N-1 ) among all inorganic metal halide perovskites. This leads to an excellent electrical output power of ≈ 0.375 mW (24.8 µW cm-2 N-1 ) in the piezoelectric energy generator (PEG) which is higher than those of the pristine/mixed perovskite references with CsPbX3 (X = I, Br, Cl). With its structural phase remaining unchanged, the strained CsPbBr2 I retains its superior piezoelectricity in both thin film and nanocrystal powder forms, further demonstrating its repeatability and versatility of applications. The origin of high piezoelectricity is found to be due to halogen-induced anisotropic lattice strain in the unit-cell along the c-axis, and octahedral distortion. This study reveals an avenue to design new piezoelectric materials by modifying their halide constituents and paves the way to design efficient PEGs for improved electromechanical energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Abdullah Khan
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Md Masud Rana
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Sasa Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Md Fahim Al Fattah
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Muhammed Kayaharman
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Kaiping Zhang
- Centre for Advanced Materials Joining, Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Shawn Benedict
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - I A Goldthorpe
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Y Norman Zhou
- Centre for Advanced Materials Joining, Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Dayan Ban
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, No. 1 Jinming street, Kaifeng, Henan, 475001, P. R. China
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30
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Yu W, Wei M, Tang Z, Zou H, Li L, Zou Y, Yang S, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Li X, Guo H, Wu C, Qu B, Gao Y, Lu G, Wang S, Chen Z, Liu Z, Zhou H, Wei B, Liao Y, Zhang L, Li Y, Gong Q, Sargent EH, Xiao L. Separating Crystal Growth from Nucleation Enables the In Situ Controllable Synthesis of Nanocrystals for Efficient Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2301114. [PMID: 37314026 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) display bright luminescence for light-emitting diode (LED) applications; however, they require post-synthesis ligand exchange that may cause surface degradation and defect formation. In situ-formed PNCs achieve improved surface passivation using a straightforward synthetic approach, but their LED performance at the green wavelength is not yet comparable with that of colloidal PNC devices. Here, it is found that the limitations of in situ-formed PNCs stem from uncontrolled formation kinetics: conventional surface ligands confine perovskite nuclei but fail to delay crystal growth. A bifunctional carboxylic-acid-containing ammonium hydrobromide ligand that separates crystal growth from nucleation is introduced, leading to the formation of quantum-confined PNC solids exhibiting a narrow size distribution. Controlled crystallization is further coupled with defect passivation using deprotonated phosphinates, enabling improvements in photoluminescence quantum yield to near unity. Green LEDs are fabricated with a maximum current efficiency of 109 cd A-1 and an average external quantum efficiency of 22.5% across 25 devices, exceeding the performance of their colloidal PNC-based counterparts. A 45.6 h operating half-time is further documented for an unencapsulated device in N2 with an initial brightness of 100 cd m-2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Mingyang Wei
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Zhenyu Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Hongshuai Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yunkun Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Haoqing Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Cuncun Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Bo Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yunan Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Guowei Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Shufeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Nantong, 226010, P. R. China
| | - Zhijian Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Huanping Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Applications, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Liao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Applications, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Nantong, 226010, P. R. China
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Nantong, 226010, P. R. China
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Lixin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Nantong, 226010, P. R. China
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31
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Chen H, Maxwell A, Li C, Teale S, Chen B, Zhu T, Ugur E, Harrison G, Grater L, Wang J, Wang Z, Zeng L, Park SM, Chen L, Serles P, Awni RA, Subedi B, Zheng X, Xiao C, Podraza NJ, Filleter T, Liu C, Yang Y, Luther JM, De Wolf S, Kanatzidis MG, Yan Y, Sargent EH. Publisher Correction: Regulating surface potential maximizes voltage in all-perovskite tandems. Nature 2023; 620:E15. [PMID: 37488360 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06450-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aidan Maxwell
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chongwen Li
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Sam Teale
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bin Chen
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Tong Zhu
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Esma Ugur
- KAUST Solar Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - George Harrison
- KAUST Solar Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Luke Grater
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Junke Wang
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zaiwei Wang
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lewei Zeng
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - So Min Park
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Peter Serles
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rasha Abbas Awni
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Biwas Subedi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Nikolas J Podraza
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Tobin Filleter
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | | | - Stefaan De Wolf
- KAUST Solar Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Yanfa Yan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.
| | - Edward H Sargent
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
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32
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Morteza Najarian A, Dinic F, Chen H, Sabatini R, Zheng C, Lough A, Maris T, Saidaminov MI, García de Arquer FP, Voznyy O, Hoogland S, Sargent EH. Homomeric chains of intermolecular bonds scaffold octahedral germanium perovskites. Nature 2023; 620:328-335. [PMID: 37438526 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06209-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Perovskites with low ionic radii metal centres (for example, Ge perovskites) experience both geometrical constraints and a gain in electronic energy through distortion; for these reasons, synthetic attempts do not lead to octahedral [GeI6] perovskites, but rather, these crystallize into polar non-perovskite structures1-6. Here, inspired by the principles of supramolecular synthons7,8, we report the assembly of an organic scaffold within perovskite structures with the goal of influencing the geometric arrangement and electronic configuration of the crystal, resulting in the suppression of the lone pair expression of Ge and templating the symmetric octahedra. We find that, to produce extended homomeric non-covalent bonding, the organic motif needs to possess self-complementary properties implemented using distinct donor and acceptor sites. Compared with the non-perovskite structure, the resulting [GeI6]4- octahedra exhibit a direct bandgap with significant redshift (more than 0.5 eV, measured experimentally), 10 times lower octahedral distortion (inferred from measured single-crystal X-ray diffraction data) and 10 times higher electron and hole mobility (estimated by density functional theory). We show that the principle of this design is not limited to two-dimensional Ge perovskites; we implement it in the case of copper perovskite (also a low-radius metal centre), and we extend it to quasi-two-dimensional systems. We report photodiodes with Ge perovskites that outperform their non-octahedral and lead analogues. The construction of secondary sublattices that interlock with an inorganic framework within a crystal offers a new synthetic tool for templating hybrid lattices with controlled distortion and orbital arrangement, overcoming limitations in conventional perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Morteza Najarian
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Filip Dinic
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hao Chen
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Randy Sabatini
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chao Zheng
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alan Lough
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thierry Maris
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Makhsud I Saidaminov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - F Pelayo García de Arquer
- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oleksandr Voznyy
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sjoerd Hoogland
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- The Edward S. Rogers Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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33
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Park SM, Wei M, Xu J, Atapattu HR, Eickemeyer FT, Darabi K, Grater L, Yang Y, Liu C, Teale S, Chen B, Chen H, Wang T, Zeng L, Maxwell A, Wang Z, Rao KR, Cai Z, Zakeeruddin SM, Pham JT, Risko CM, Amassian A, Kanatzidis MG, Graham KR, Grätzel M, Sargent EH. Engineering ligand reactivity enables high-temperature operation of stable perovskite solar cells. Science 2023; 381:209-215. [PMID: 37440655 DOI: 10.1126/science.adi4107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) consisting of interfacial two- and three-dimensional heterostructures that incorporate ammonium ligand intercalation have enabled rapid progress toward the goal of uniting performance with stability. However, as the field continues to seek ever-higher durability, additional tools that avoid progressive ligand intercalation are needed to minimize degradation at high temperatures. We used ammonium ligands that are nonreactive with the bulk of perovskites and investigated a library that varies ligand molecular structure systematically. We found that fluorinated aniliniums offer interfacial passivation and simultaneously minimize reactivity with perovskites. Using this approach, we report a certified quasi-steady-state power-conversion efficiency of 24.09% for inverted-structure PSCs. In an encapsulated device operating at 85°C and 50% relative humidity, we document a 1560-hour T85 at maximum power point under 1-sun illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Min Park
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Mingyang Wei
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Harindi R Atapattu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Felix T Eickemeyer
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kasra Darabi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Luke Grater
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Sam Teale
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Tonghui Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Lewei Zeng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Aidan Maxwell
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Zaiwei Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Keerthan R Rao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Zhuoyun Cai
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Shaik M Zakeeruddin
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan T Pham
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Chad M Risko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Aram Amassian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | | | - Kenneth R Graham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Michael Grätzel
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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34
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Fu P, Quintero MA, Vasileiadou ES, Raval P, Welton C, Kepenekian M, Volonakis G, Even J, Liu Y, Malliakas C, Yang Y, Laing C, Dravid VP, Reddy GNM, Li C, Sargent EH, Kanatzidis MG. Chemical Behavior and Local Structure of the Ruddlesden-Popper and Dion-Jacobson Alloyed Pb/Sn Bromide 2D Perovskites. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37432784 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
The alloyed lead/tin (Pb/Sn) halide perovskites have gained significant attention in the development of tandem solar cells and other optoelectronic devices due to their widely tunable absorption edge. To gain a better understanding of the intriguing properties of Pb/Sn perovskites, such as their anomalous bandgap's dependence on stoichiometry, it is important to deepen the understanding of their chemical behavior and local structure. Herein, we investigate a series of two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) and Dion-Jacobson (DJ) phase alloyed Pb/Sn bromide perovskites using butylammonium (BA) and 3-(aminomethyl)pyridinium (3AMPY) as the spacer cations: (BA)2(MA)n-1PbxSnn-xBr3n+1 (n = 1-3) and (3AMPY)(MA)n-1PbxSnn-xBr3n+1 (n = 1-3) through a solution-based approach. Our results show that the ratio and site preference of Pb/Sn atoms are influenced by the layer thickness (n) and spacer cations (A'), as determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Solid-state 1H, 119Sn, and 207Pb NMR spectroscopy analysis shows that the Pb atoms prefer the outer layers in n = 3 members: (BA)2(MA)PbxSnn-xBr10 and (3AMPY)(MA)PbxSnn-xBr10. Layered 2D DJ alloyed Pb/Sn bromide perovskites (3AMPY)(MA)n-1PbxSnn-xBr3n+1 (n = 1-3) demonstrate much narrower optical band gaps, lower energy PL emission peaks, and longer carrier lifetimes compared to those of RP analogs. Density functional theory calculations suggest that Pb-rich alloys (Pb:Sn ∼4:1) for n = 1 compounds are thermodynamically favored over 50:50 (Pb:Sn ∼1:1) compositions. From grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS), we see that films in the RP phase orient parallel to the substrate, whereas for DJ cases, random orientations are observed relative to the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael A Quintero
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Eugenia S Vasileiadou
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Parth Raval
- University of Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181-UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Claire Welton
- University of Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181-UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Mikaël Kepenekian
- Univ Rennes, ENSCR, INSA Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institute des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR, Rennes 6226, France
| | - George Volonakis
- Univ Rennes, ENSCR, INSA Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institute des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR, Rennes 6226, France
| | - Jacky Even
- Univ Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institute FOTON-UMR, Rennes 6082, France
| | - Yukun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Christos Malliakas
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Craig Laing
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Vinayak P Dravid
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - G N Manjunatha Reddy
- University of Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181-UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Can Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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35
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Grater L, Wang M, Teale S, Mahesh S, Maxwell A, Liu Y, Park SM, Chen B, Laquai F, Kanatzidis MG, Sargent EH. Sterically Suppressed Phase Segregation in 3D Hollow Mixed-Halide Wide Band Gap Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:6157-6162. [PMID: 37368406 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Band gap tuning in mixed-halide perovskites enables efficient multijunction solar cells and LEDs. However, these wide band gap perovskites, which contain a mixture of iodide and bromide ions, are known to phase segregate under illumination, introducing voltage losses that limit stability. Previous studies have employed inorganic perovskites, halide alloys, and grain/interface passivation to minimize halide segregation, yet photostability can be further advanced. By focusing on the role of halide vacancies in anion migration, one expects to be able to erect local barriers to ion migration. To achieve this, we employ a 3D "hollow" perovskite structure, wherein a molecule that is otherwise too large for the perovskite lattice is incorporated. The amount of hollowing agent, ethane-1,2-diammonium dihydroiodide (EDA), varies the density of the hollow sites. Photoluminescence measurements reveal that 1% EDA in the perovskite bulk can stabilize a 40% bromine mixed-halide perovskite at 1 sun illumination intensity. These, along with capacitance-frequency measurements, suggest that hollow sites limit the mobility of the halide vacancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Grater
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4 Canada
| | - Mingcong Wang
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sam Teale
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4 Canada
| | - Suhas Mahesh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4 Canada
| | - Aidan Maxwell
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4 Canada
| | - Yanjiang Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4 Canada
| | - So Min Park
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4 Canada
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4 Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Frédéric Laquai
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4 Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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36
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Fan M, Miao RK, Ou P, Xu Y, Lin ZY, Lee TJ, Hung SF, Xie K, Huang JE, Ni W, Li J, Zhao Y, Ozden A, O'Brien CP, Chen Y, Xiao YC, Liu S, Wicks J, Wang X, Abed J, Shirzadi E, Sargent EH, Sinton D. Single-site decorated copper enables energy- and carbon-efficient CO 2 methanation in acidic conditions. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3314. [PMID: 37286531 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38935-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Renewable CH4 produced from electrocatalytic CO2 reduction is viewed as a sustainable and versatile energy carrier, compatible with existing infrastructure. However, conventional alkaline and neutral CO2-to-CH4 systems suffer CO2 loss to carbonates, and recovering the lost CO2 requires input energy exceeding the heating value of the produced CH4. Here we pursue CH4-selective electrocatalysis in acidic conditions via a coordination method, stabilizing free Cu ions by bonding Cu with multidentate donor sites. We find that hexadentate donor sites in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid enable the chelation of Cu ions, regulating Cu cluster size and forming Cu-N/O single sites that achieve high CH4 selectivity in acidic conditions. We report a CH4 Faradaic efficiency of 71% (at 100 mA cm-2) with <3% loss in total input CO2 that results in an overall energy intensity (254 GJ/tonne CH4), half that of existing electroproduction routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Fan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Rui Kai Miao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Pengfei Ou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Zih-Yi Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ju Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Fu Hung
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ke Xie
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Jianan Erick Huang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Weiyan Ni
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Yong Zhao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Adnan Ozden
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Colin P O'Brien
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Yuanjun Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Yurou Celine Xiao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Shijie Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Joshua Wicks
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Jehad Abed
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Erfan Shirzadi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada.
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada.
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37
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Chang D, Wang Z, Flynn CD, Mahmud A, Labib M, Wang H, Geraili A, Li X, Zhang J, Sargent EH, Kelley SO. A high-dimensional microfluidic approach for selection of aptamers with programmable binding affinities. Nat Chem 2023; 15:773-780. [PMID: 37277648 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01207-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Aptamers are being applied as affinity reagents in analytical applications owing to their high stability, compact size and amenability to chemical modification. Generating aptamers with different binding affinities is desirable, but systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX), the standard for aptamer generation, is unable to quantitatively produce aptamers with desired binding affinities and requires multiple rounds of selection to eliminate false-positive hits. Here we introduce Pro-SELEX, an approach for the rapid discovery of aptamers with precisely defined binding affinities that combines efficient particle display, high-performance microfluidic sorting and high-content bioinformatics. Using the Pro-SELEX workflow, we were able to investigate the binding performance of individual aptamer candidates under different selective pressures in a single round of selection. Using human myeloperoxidase as a target, we demonstrate that aptamers with dissociation constants spanning a 20-fold range of affinities can be identified within one round of Pro-SELEX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingran Chang
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zongjie Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Connor D Flynn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Alam Mahmud
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mahmoud Labib
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Hansen Wang
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Armin Geraili
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiangling Li
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Chemistry, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Shana O Kelley
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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38
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Huang L, Gao G, Yang C, Li XY, Miao RK, Xue Y, Xie K, Ou P, Yavuz CT, Han Y, Magnotti G, Sinton D, Sargent EH, Lu X. Pressure dependence in aqueous-based electrochemical CO 2 reduction. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2958. [PMID: 37221228 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38775-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2R) is an approach to closing the carbon cycle for chemical synthesis. To date, the field has focused on the electrolysis of ambient pressure CO2. However, industrial CO2 is pressurized-in capture, transport and storage-and is often in dissolved form. Here, we find that pressurization to 50 bar steers CO2R pathways toward formate, something seen across widely-employed CO2R catalysts. By developing operando methods compatible with high pressures, including quantitative operando Raman spectroscopy, we link the high formate selectivity to increased CO2 coverage on the cathode surface. The interplay of theory and experiments validates the mechanism, and guides us to functionalize the surface of a Cu cathode with a proton-resistant layer to further the pressure-mediated selectivity effect. This work illustrates the value of industrial CO2 sources as the starting feedstock for sustainable chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Huang
- CCRC, Division of Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- KAUST Solar Center (KSC), PSE, KAUST, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ge Gao
- CCRC, Division of Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- KAUST Solar Center (KSC), PSE, KAUST, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chaobo Yang
- CCRC, Division of Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Tunable Laser, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Rui Kai Miao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Yanrong Xue
- CCRC, Division of Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- KAUST Solar Center (KSC), PSE, KAUST, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ke Xie
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Pengfei Ou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Cafer T Yavuz
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), PSE, KAUST, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yu Han
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), PSE, KAUST, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaetano Magnotti
- CCRC, Division of Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada.
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada.
| | - Xu Lu
- CCRC, Division of Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
- KAUST Solar Center (KSC), PSE, KAUST, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
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39
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Xia P, Sun B, Biondi M, Xu J, Atan O, Imran M, Hassan Y, Liu Y, Pina JM, Najarian AM, Grater L, Bertens K, Sagar LK, Anwar H, Choi MJ, Zhang Y, Hasham M, de Arquer FPG, Hoogland S, Wilson MWB, Sargent EH. Sequential Co-Passivation in InAs Colloidal Quantum Dot Solids Enables Efficient Near-Infrared Photodetectors. Adv Mater 2023:e2301842. [PMID: 37170473 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
III-V colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are promising materials for optoelectronic applications, for they avoid heavy metals while achieving absorption spanning the visible to the infrared. However, the covalent nature of III-V CQDs requires the development of new passivation strategies to fabricate conductive CQD solids for optoelectronics: we show herein that ligand exchanges, previously developed in II-VI and IV-VI quantum dots and employing a single ligand, do not fully passivate CQDs, and that this curtails device efficiency. Guided by density functional theory (DFT) simulations, we develop a co-passivation strategy to fabricate indium arsenide CQD photodetectors, an approach that employs the combination of X-type methyl ammonium acetate (MaAc) and Z-type ligands InBr3 . This approach maintains charge carrier mobility and improves passivation, seen in a 25% decrease in Stokes shift, a four-fold reduction in the rate of first-exciton absorption linewidth broadening over time-under-stress, and leads to a doubling in photoluminescence lifetime. The resulting devices show 37% external quantum efficiency at 950 nm, the highest value reported for InAs CQD photodetectors. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Xia
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Margherita Biondi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Ozan Atan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Yasser Hassan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Yanjiang Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Joao M Pina
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Amin Morteza Najarian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Luke Grater
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Koen Bertens
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Laxmi Kishore Sagar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Husna Anwar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Min-Jae Choi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Yangning Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Minhal Hasham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - F Pelayo Garcìa de Arquer
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Sjoerd Hoogland
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Mark W B Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
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40
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Atan O, Pina JM, Parmar DH, Xia P, Zhang Y, Gulsaran A, Jung ED, Choi D, Imran M, Yavuz M, Hoogland S, Sargent EH. Control over Charge Carrier Mobility in the Hole Transport Layer Enables Fast Colloidal Quantum Dot Infrared Photodetectors. Nano Lett 2023; 23:4298-4303. [PMID: 37166106 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Solution-processed colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are promising materials for photodetectors operating in the short-wavelength infrared region (SWIR). Devices typically rely on CQD-based hole transport layers (HTL), such as CQDs treated using 1,2-ethanedithiol. Herein, we find that these HTL materials exhibit low carrier mobility, limiting the photodiode response speed. We develop instead inverted (p-i-n) SWIR photodetectors operating at 1370 nm, employing NiOx as the HTL, ultimately enabling 4× shorter fall times in photodiodes (∼800 ns for EDT and ∼200 ns for NiOx). Optoelectronic simulations reveal that the high carrier mobility of NiOx enhances the electric field in the active layer, decreasing the overall transport time and increasing photodetector response time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozan Atan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Joao M Pina
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Darshan H Parmar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Pan Xia
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Yangning Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Ahmet Gulsaran
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Eui Dae Jung
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Dongsun Choi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Mustafa Yavuz
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Sjoerd Hoogland
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
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41
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Flynn CD, Chang D, Mahmud A, Yousefi H, Das J, Riordan KT, Sargent EH, Kelley SO. Biomolecular sensors for advanced physiological monitoring. Nat Rev Bioeng 2023; 1:1-16. [PMID: 37359771 PMCID: PMC10173248 DOI: 10.1038/s44222-023-00067-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Body-based biomolecular sensing systems, including wearable, implantable and consumable sensors allow comprehensive health-related monitoring. Glucose sensors have long dominated wearable bioanalysis applications owing to their robust continuous detection of glucose, which has not yet been achieved for other biomarkers. However, access to diverse biological fluids and the development of reagentless sensing approaches may enable the design of body-based sensing systems for various analytes. Importantly, enhancing the selectivity and sensitivity of biomolecular sensors is essential for biomarker detection in complex physiological conditions. In this Review, we discuss approaches for the signal amplification of biomolecular sensors, including techniques to overcome Debye and mass transport limitations, and selectivity improvement, such as the integration of artificial affinity recognition elements. We highlight reagentless sensing approaches that can enable sequential real-time measurements, for example, the implementation of thin-film transistors in wearable devices. In addition to sensor construction, careful consideration of physical, psychological and security concerns related to body-based sensor integration is required to ensure that the transition from the laboratory to the human body is as seamless as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor D. Flynn
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts & Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA
| | - Dingran Chang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Alam Mahmud
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Hanie Yousefi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA
| | - Jagotamoy Das
- Department of Chemistry, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA
| | - Kimberly T. Riordan
- Department of Chemistry, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA
| | - Edward H. Sargent
- Department of Chemistry, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA
| | - Shana O. Kelley
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts & Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
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42
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Jin J, Wicks J, Min Q, Li J, Hu Y, Ma J, Wang Y, Jiang Z, Xu Y, Lu R, Si G, Papangelakis P, Shakouri M, Xiao Q, Ou P, Wang X, Chen Z, Zhang W, Yu K, Song J, Jiang X, Qiu P, Lou Y, Wu D, Mao Y, Ozden A, Wang C, Xia BY, Hu X, Dravid VP, Yiu YM, Sham TK, Wang Z, Sinton D, Mai L, Sargent EH, Pang Y. Constrained C 2 adsorbate orientation enables CO-to-acetate electroreduction. Nature 2023; 617:724-729. [PMID: 37138081 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05918-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide electroreduction reactions, when powered using low-carbon electricity, offer pathways to the decarbonization of chemical manufacture1,2. Copper (Cu) is relied on today for carbon-carbon coupling, in which it produces mixtures of more than ten C2+ chemicals3-6: a long-standing challenge lies in achieving selectivity to a single principal C2+ product7-9. Acetate is one such C2 compound on the path to the large but fossil-derived acetic acid market. Here we pursued dispersing a low concentration of Cu atoms in a host metal to favour the stabilization of ketenes10-chemical intermediates that are bound in monodentate fashion to the electrocatalyst. We synthesize Cu-in-Ag dilute (about 1 atomic per cent of Cu) alloy materials that we find to be highly selective for acetate electrosynthesis from CO at high *CO coverage, implemented at 10 atm pressure. Operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy indicates in situ-generated Cu clusters consisting of <4 atoms as active sites. We report a 12:1 ratio, an order of magnitude increase compared to the best previous reports, in the selectivity for acetate relative to all other products observed from the carbon monoxide electroreduction reaction. Combining catalyst design and reactor engineering, we achieve a CO-to-acetate Faradaic efficiency of 91% and report a Faradaic efficiency of 85% with an 820-h operating time. High selectivity benefits energy efficiency and downstream separation across all carbon-based electrochemical transformations, highlighting the importance of maximizing the Faradaic efficiency towards a single C2+ product11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Jin
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Joshua Wicks
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Qiuhong Min
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongfeng Hu
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Jingyuan Ma
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang National Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang National Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang National Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ruihu Lu
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Gangzheng Si
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Panagiotis Papangelakis
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohsen Shakouri
- Canadian Light Source, Inc., University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Qunfeng Xiao
- Canadian Light Source, Inc., University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Pengfei Ou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhu Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kesong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiayang Song
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohang Jiang
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Qiu
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanhao Lou
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Wu
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Mao
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Adnan Ozden
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chundong Wang
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bao Yu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaobing Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- The NUANCE Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Vinayak P Dravid
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- The NUANCE Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Yun-Mui Yiu
- Department of Chemistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Tsun-Kong Sham
- Department of Chemistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Ziyun Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Liqiang Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Yuanjie Pang
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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43
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Cao Y, Chen Z, Li P, Ozden A, Ou P, Ni W, Abed J, Shirzadi E, Zhang J, Sinton D, Ge J, Sargent EH. Surface hydroxide promotes CO 2 electrolysis to ethylene in acidic conditions. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2387. [PMID: 37185342 PMCID: PMC10130127 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37898-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Performing CO2 reduction in acidic conditions enables high single-pass CO2 conversion efficiency. However, a faster kinetics of the hydrogen evolution reaction compared to CO2 reduction limits the selectivity toward multicarbon products. Prior studies have shown that adsorbed hydroxide on the Cu surface promotes CO2 reduction in neutral and alkaline conditions. We posited that limited adsorbed hydroxide species in acidic CO2 reduction could contribute to a low selectivity to multicarbon products. Here we report an electrodeposited Cu catalyst that suppresses hydrogen formation and promotes selective CO2 reduction in acidic conditions. Using in situ time-resolved Raman spectroscopy, we show that a high concentration of CO and OH on the catalyst surface promotes C-C coupling, a finding that we correlate with evidence of increased CO residence time. The optimized electrodeposited Cu catalyst achieves a 60% faradaic efficiency for ethylene and 90% for multicarbon products. When deployed in a slim flow cell, the catalyst attains a 20% energy efficiency to ethylene, and 30% to multicarbon products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Cao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G4, Canada
- Key Lab for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Zhu Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Peihao Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Adnan Ozden
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Pengfei Ou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Weiyan Ni
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Jehad Abed
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Erfan Shirzadi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Jun Ge
- Key Lab for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
- Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, 518107, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G4, Canada.
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44
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Wang Z, Wang H, Lin S, Labib M, Ahmed S, Das J, Angers S, Sargent EH, Kelley SO. Efficient Delivery of Biological Cargos into Primary Cells by Electrodeposited Nanoneedles via Cell-Cycle-Dependent Endocytosis. Nano Lett 2023. [PMID: 37040490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c05083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanoneedles are a useful tool for delivering exogenous biomolecules to cells. Although therapeutic applications have been explored, the mechanism regarding how cells interact with nanoneedles remains poorly studied. Here, we present a new approach for the generation of nanoneedles, validated their usefulness in cargo delivery, and studied the underlying genetic modulators during delivery. We fabricated arrays of nanoneedles based on electrodeposition and quantified its efficacy of delivery using fluorescently labeled proteins and siRNAs. Notably, we revealed that our nanoneedles caused the disruption of cell membranes, enhanced the expression of cell-cell junction proteins, and downregulated the expression of transcriptional factors of NFκB pathways. This perturbation trapped most of the cells in G2 phase, in which the cells have the highest endocytosis activities. Taken together, this system provides a new model for the study of interactions between cells and high-aspect-ratio materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongjie Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Hansen Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Sichun Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Mahmoud Labib
- Department of Chemistry, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL6 8BU, United Kingdom
| | - Sharif Ahmed
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jagotamoy Das
- Department of Chemistry, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Stephane Angers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Shana O Kelley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Weinberg College of Arts & Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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45
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Leow WR, Völker S, Meys R, Huang JE, Jaffer SA, Bardow A, Sargent EH. Electrified hydrocarbon-to-oxygenates coupled to hydrogen evolution for efficient greenhouse gas mitigation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1954. [PMID: 37029102 PMCID: PMC10082166 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37382-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemicals manufacture is among the top greenhouse gas contributors. More than half of the associated emissions are attributable to the sum of ammonia plus oxygenates such as methanol, ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid. Here we explore the impact of electrolyzer systems that couple electrically-powered anodic hydrocarbon-to-oxygenate conversion with cathodic H2 evolution reaction from water. We find that, once anodic hydrocarbon-to-oxygenate conversion is developed with high selectivities, greenhouse gas emissions associated with fossil-based NH3 and oxygenates manufacture can be reduced by up to 88%. We report that low-carbon electricity is not mandatory to enable a net reduction in greenhouse gas emissions: global chemical industry emissions can be reduced by up to 39% even with electricity having the carbon footprint per MWh available in the United States or China today. We conclude with considerations and recommendations for researchers who wish to embark on this research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Ru Leow
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada.
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Singapore.
| | - Simon Völker
- Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstr. 8, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Raoul Meys
- Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstr. 8, 52062, Aachen, Germany
- Carbon Minds GmbH, Eupener Straße 165, 50933, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jianan Erick Huang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | | | - André Bardow
- Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstr. 8, 52062, Aachen, Germany.
- Energy & Process Systems Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research - Energy Systems Engineering (IEK-10), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada.
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46
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Wang N, Ou P, Miao RK, Chang Y, Wang Z, Hung SF, Abed J, Ozden A, Chen HY, Wu HL, Huang JE, Zhou D, Ni W, Fan L, Yan Y, Peng T, Sinton D, Liu Y, Liang H, Sargent EH. Doping Shortens the Metal/Metal Distance and Promotes OH Coverage in Non-Noble Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:7829-7836. [PMID: 37010254 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Acidic water electrolysis enables the production of hydrogen for use as a chemical and as a fuel. The acidic environment hinders water electrolysis on non-noble catalysts, a result of the sluggish kinetics associated with the adsorbate evolution mechanism, reliant as it is on four concerted proton-electron transfer steps. Enabling a faster mechanism with non-noble catalysts will help to further advance acidic water electrolysis. Here, we report evidence that doping Ba cations into a Co3O4 framework to form Co3-xBaxO4 promotes the oxide path mechanism and simultaneously improves activity in acidic electrolytes. Co3-xBaxO4 catalysts reported herein exhibit an overpotential of 278 mV at 10 mA/cm2 in 0.5 M H2SO4 electrolyte and are stable over 110 h of continuous water oxidation operation. We find that the incorporation of Ba cations shortens the Co-Co distance and promotes OH adsorption, findings we link to improved water oxidation in acidic electrolyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Ou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Rui Kai Miao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Yuxin Chang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Ziyun Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Sung-Fu Hung
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Jehad Abed
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Adnan Ozden
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Hsuan-Yu Chen
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Liang Wu
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jianan Erick Huang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Daojin Zhou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Weiyan Ni
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Lizhou Fan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Yongchang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
- State Key Lab of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
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47
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Lee MG, Li XY, Ozden A, Wicks J, Ou P, Li Y, Dorakhan R, Lee J, Park HK, Yang JW, Chen B, Abed J, dos Reis R, Lee G, Huang JE, Peng T, Chin YH, Sinton D, Sargent EH. Selective synthesis of butane from carbon monoxide using cascade electrolysis and thermocatalysis at ambient conditions. Nat Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-023-00937-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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48
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Wang S, Khan AA, Teale S, Xu J, Parmar DH, Zhao R, Grater L, Serles P, Zou Y, Filleter T, Seferos DS, Ban D, Sargent EH. Large piezoelectric response in a Jahn-Teller distorted molecular metal halide. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1852. [PMID: 37012239 PMCID: PMC10070272 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37471-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Piezoelectric materials convert between mechanical and electrical energy and are a basis for self-powered electronics. Current piezoelectrics exhibit either large charge (d33) or voltage (g33) coefficients but not both simultaneously, and yet the maximum energy density for energy harvesting is determined by the transduction coefficient: d33*g33. In prior piezoelectrics, an increase in polarization usually accompanies a dramatic rise in the dielectric constant, resulting in trade off between d33 and g33. This recognition led us to a design concept: increase polarization through Jahn-Teller lattice distortion and reduce the dielectric constant using a highly confined 0D molecular architecture. With this in mind, we sought to insert a quasi-spherical cation into a Jahn-Teller distorted lattice, increasing the mechanical response for a large piezoelectric coefficient. We implemented this concept by developing EDABCO-CuCl4 (EDABCO = N-ethyl-1,4-diazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octonium), a molecular piezoelectric with a d33 of 165 pm/V and g33 of ~2110 × 10-3 V m N-1, one that achieved thusly a combined transduction coefficient of 348 × 10-12 m3 J-1. This enables piezoelectric energy harvesting in EDABCO-CuCl4@PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) composite film with a peak power density of 43 µW/cm2 (at 50 kPa), the highest value reported for mechanical energy harvesters based on heavy-metal-free molecular piezoelectric.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasa Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Asif Abdullah Khan
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Sam Teale
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Darshan H Parmar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Ruyan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Luke Grater
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Peter Serles
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Yu Zou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Tobin Filleter
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Dwight S Seferos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Dayan Ban
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada.
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49
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Wang N, Ou P, Hung SF, Huang JE, Ozden A, Abed J, Grigioni I, Chen C, Miao RK, Yan Y, Zhang J, Wang Z, Dorakhan R, Badreldin A, Abdel-Wahab A, Sinton D, Liu Y, Liang H, Sargent EH. Strong-Proton-Adsorption Co-Based Electrocatalysts Achieve Active and Stable Neutral Seawater Splitting. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2210057. [PMID: 36719140 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Direct electrolysis of pH-neutral seawater to generate hydrogen is an attractive approach for storing renewable energy. However, due to the anodic competition between the chlorine evolution and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), direct seawater splitting suffers from a low current density and limited operating stability. Exploration of catalysts enabling an OER overpotential below the hypochlorite formation overpotential (≈490 mV) is critical to suppress the chloride evolution and facilitate seawater splitting. Here, a proton-adsorption-promoting strategy to increase the OER rate is reported, resulting in a promoted and more stable neutral seawater splitting. The best catalysts herein are strong-proton-adsorption (SPA) materials such as palladium-doped cobalt oxide (Co3- x Pdx O4 ) catalysts. These achieve an OER overpotential of 370 mV at 10 mA cm-2 in pH-neutral simulated seawater, outperforming Co3 O4 by a margin of 70 mV. Co3- x Pdx O4 catalysts provide stable catalytic performance for 450 h at 200 mA cm-2 and 20 h at 1 A cm-2 in neutral seawater. Experimental studies and theoretical calculations suggest that the incorporation of SPA cations accelerates the rate-determining water dissociation step in neutral OER pathway, and control studies rule out the provision of additional OER sites as a main factor herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Ou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Sung-Fu Hung
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Jianan Erick Huang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Adnan Ozden
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Jehad Abed
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Ivan Grigioni
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Clark Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Rui Kai Miao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Ziyun Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Roham Dorakhan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Ahmed Badreldin
- Chemical Engineering Program, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha, 23874, Qatar
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Wahab
- Chemical Engineering Program, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha, 23874, Qatar
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Yongchang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- State Key Lab of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada
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50
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Kumar P, Kannimuthu K, Zeraati AS, Roy S, Wang X, Wang X, Samanta S, Miller KA, Molina M, Trivedi D, Abed J, Campos Mata MA, Al-Mahayni H, Baltrusaitis J, Shimizu G, Wu YA, Seifitokaldani A, Sargent EH, Ajayan PM, Hu J, Kibria MG. High-Density Cobalt Single-Atom Catalysts for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:8052-8063. [PMID: 36994816 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Single atom catalysts (SACs) possess unique catalytic properties due to low-coordination and unsaturated active sites. However, the demonstrated performance of SACs is limited by low SAC loading, poor metal-support interactions, and nonstable performance. Herein, we report a macromolecule-assisted SAC synthesis approach that enabled us to demonstrate high-density Co single atoms (10.6 wt % Co SAC) in a pyridinic N-rich graphenic network. The highly porous carbon network (surface area of ∼186 m2 g-1) with increased conjugation and vicinal Co site decoration in Co SACs significantly enhanced the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in 1 M KOH (η10 at 351 mV; mass activity of 2209 mA mgCo-1 at 1.65 V) with more than 300 h stability. Operando X-ray absorption near-edge structure demonstrates the formation of electron-deficient Co-O coordination intermediates, accelerating OER kinetics. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal the facile electron transfer from cobalt to oxygen species-accelerated OER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Karthick Kannimuthu
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Ali Shayesteh Zeraati
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Soumyabrata Roy
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Xiyang Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Materials Interface Foundry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Subhajyoti Samanta
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, B336 Iacocca Hall, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Kristen A Miller
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Maria Molina
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Dhwanil Trivedi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Jehad Abed
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - M Astrid Campos Mata
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Hasan Al-Mahayni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Jonas Baltrusaitis
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, B336 Iacocca Hall, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - George Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Yimin A Wu
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Materials Interface Foundry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Ali Seifitokaldani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Jinguang Hu
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Md Golam Kibria
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
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