51
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Groenevelt JM, Meints LM, Stothard AI, Poston AW, Fiolek TJ, Finocchietti DH, Mulholand VM, Woodruff PJ, Swarts BM. Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Trehalosamine, an Aminoglycoside Antibiotic and Precursor to Mycobacterial Imaging Probes. J Org Chem 2018; 83:8662-8667. [PMID: 29973045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Trehalosamine (2-amino-2-deoxy-α,α-d-trehalose) is an aminoglycoside with antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and it is also a versatile synthetic intermediate used to access imaging probes for mycobacteria. To overcome inefficient chemical synthesis approaches, we report a two-step chemoenzymatic synthesis of trehalosamine that features trehalose synthase (TreT)-catalyzed glycosylation as the key transformation. Soluble and recyclable immobilized forms of TreT were successfully employed. We demonstrate that chemoenzymatically synthesized trehalosamine can be elaborated to two complementary imaging probes, which label mycobacteria via distinct pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Groenevelt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Central Michigan University , Mount Pleasant , Michigan 48859 , United States
| | - Lisa M Meints
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Central Michigan University , Mount Pleasant , Michigan 48859 , United States
| | - Alicyn I Stothard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Central Michigan University , Mount Pleasant , Michigan 48859 , United States
| | - Anne W Poston
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Central Michigan University , Mount Pleasant , Michigan 48859 , United States
| | - Taylor J Fiolek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Central Michigan University , Mount Pleasant , Michigan 48859 , United States
| | - David H Finocchietti
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southern Maine , Portland , Maine 04104 , United States
| | - Victoria M Mulholand
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southern Maine , Portland , Maine 04104 , United States
| | - Peter J Woodruff
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southern Maine , Portland , Maine 04104 , United States
| | - Benjamin M Swarts
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Central Michigan University , Mount Pleasant , Michigan 48859 , United States
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52
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Wen L, Gadi MR, Zheng Y, Gibbons C, Kondengaden SM, Zhang J, Wang PG. Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Unnatural Nucleotide Sugars for Enzymatic Bioorthogonal Labeling. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b02081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Wen
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Madhusudhan Reddy Gadi
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Yuan Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Christopher Gibbons
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | | | - Jiabin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Peng George Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
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53
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Meng C, Sasmal A, Zhang Y, Gao T, Liu CC, Khan N, Varki A, Wang F, Cao H. Chemoenzymatic Assembly of Mammalian O-Mannose Glycans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caicai Meng
- National Glycoengineering Research Center; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Shandong University; Jinan 250012 China
| | - Aniruddha Sasmal
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center; University of California; San Diego CA 92093 USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Shandong University; Jinan 250012 China
| | - Tian Gao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Shandong University; Jinan 250012 China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 China
| | - Chang-Cheng Liu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Shandong University; Jinan 250012 China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 China
| | - Naazneen Khan
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center; University of California; San Diego CA 92093 USA
| | - Ajit Varki
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center; University of California; San Diego CA 92093 USA
| | - Fengshan Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Shandong University; Jinan 250012 China
| | - Hongzhi Cao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center; School of Pharmaceutical Science; Shandong University; Jinan 250012 China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 China
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54
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Meng C, Sasmal A, Zhang Y, Gao T, Liu CC, Khan N, Varki A, Wang F, Cao H. Chemoenzymatic Assembly of Mammalian O-Mannose Glycans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:9003-9007. [PMID: 29802667 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
O-Mannose glycans account up to 30 % of total O-glycans in the brain. Previous synthesis and functional studies have only focused on the core M3 O-mannose glycans of α-dystroglycan, which are a causative factor for various muscular diseases. In this study, a highly efficient chemoenzymatic strategy was developed that enabled the first collective synthesis of 63 core M1 and core M2 O-mannose glycans. This chemoenzymatic strategy features the gram-scale chemical synthesis of five judiciously designed core structures, and the diversity-oriented modification of the core structures with three enzyme modules to provide 58 complex O-mannose glycans in a linear sequence that does not exceed four steps. The binding profiles of synthetic O-mannose glycans with a panel of lectins, antibodies, and brain proteins were also explored by using a printed O-mannose glycan array.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caicai Meng
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Aniruddha Sasmal
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Tian Gao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Chang-Cheng Liu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Naazneen Khan
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ajit Varki
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Fengshan Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Hongzhi Cao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
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55
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Wang J, Greenway H, Li S, Wei M, Polizzi SJ, Wang PG. Facile and Stereo-Selective Synthesis of UDP-α-D-xylose and UDP-β-L-arabinose Using UDP-Sugar Pyrophosphorylase. Front Chem 2018; 6:163. [PMID: 29876343 PMCID: PMC5974040 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel synthesis of nucleotide sugars was conducted to prepare UDP-α-D-xylose and UDP-β-L-arabinose without utilizing protection strategies or advanced purification techniques. Sugar-1-phosphates of D-xylose and L-arabinose were synthesized from their β-glycosylsulfonylhydrazides and evaluated as substrates for recombinant UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylases from Arabidopsis thaliana or Bifidobacterium infantis to furnish the biologically active nucleotide. The facile, three-step procedure takes advantage of substrate diversity available through chemical synthesis followed by the selectivity of enzyme catalysis. This approach increases the substrate scope of enzymatic preparation and expands access to stereopure nucleotide sugars on preparative scale. Increased production of both sugars has implications for glycoengineering and glycan production using glycosyltransferases.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiaJia Wang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Harmon Greenway
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Chemily, LLC, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Mohui Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Peng G. Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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56
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Huang K, Parmeggiani F, Pallister E, Huang CJ, Liu FF, Li Q, Birmingham WR, Both P, Thomas B, Liu L, Voglmeir J, Flitsch SL. Characterisation of a Bacterial Galactokinase with High Activity and Broad Substrate Tolerance for Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of 6-Aminogalactose-1-Phosphate and Analogues. Chembiochem 2018; 19:388-394. [PMID: 29193544 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Glycosyl phosphates are important intermediates in many metabolic pathways and are substrates for diverse carbohydrate-active enzymes. Thus, there is a need to develop libraries of structurally similar analogues that can be used as selective chemical probes in glycomics. Here, we explore chemoenzymatic cascades for the fast generation of glycosyl phosphate libraries without protecting-group strategies. The key enzyme is a new bacterial galactokinase (LgGalK) cloned from Leminorella grimontii, which was produced in Escherichia coli and shown to catalyse 1-phosphorylation of galactose. LgGalK displayed a broad substrate tolerance, being able to catalyse the 1-phosphorylation of a number of galactose analogues, including 3-deoxy-3-fluorogalactose and 4-deoxy-4-fluorogalactose, which were first reported to be substrates for wild-type galactokinase. LgGalK and galactose oxidase variant M1 were combined in a one-pot, two-step system to synthesise 6-oxogalactose-1-phosphate and 6-oxo-2-fluorogalactose-1-phosphate, which were subsequently used to produce a panel of 30 substituted 6-aminogalactose-1-phosphate derivatives by chemical reductive amination in a one-pot, three-step chemoenzymatic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Huang
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Fabio Parmeggiani
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Edward Pallister
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Chuen-Jiuan Huang
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Fang-Fang Liu
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qian Li
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - William R Birmingham
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Peter Both
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Baptiste Thomas
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Li Liu
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Josef Voglmeir
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Sabine L Flitsch
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
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57
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Yu H, Yan X, Autran CA, Li Y, Etzold S, Latasiewicz J, Robertson BM, Li J, Bode L, Chen X. Enzymatic and Chemoenzymatic Syntheses of Disialyl Glycans and Their Necrotizing Enterocolitis Preventing Effects. J Org Chem 2017; 82:13152-13160. [PMID: 29124935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most common and devastating intestinal disorders in preterm infants. Therapies to meet the clinical needs for this special and highly vulnerable population are extremely limited. A specific human milk oligosaccharide (HMO), disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DSLNT), was shown to contribute to the beneficial effects of breastfeeding as it prevented NEC in a neonatal rat model and was associated with lower NEC risk in a human clinical cohort study. Herein, gram-scale synthesis of two DSLNT analogs previously shown to have NEC preventing effect is described. In addition, four novel disialyl glycans have been designed and synthesized by enzymatic or chemoenzymatic methods. Noticeably, two disialyl tetraoses have been produced by enzymatic sialylation of chemically synthesized thioethyl β-disaccharides followed by removal of the thioethyl aglycon. Dose-dependent and single-dose comparison studies showed varying NEC-preventing effects of the disialyl glycans in neonatal rats. This study helps to refine the structure requirement of the NEC-preventing effect of disialyl glycans and provides important dose-dependent information for using DSLNT analogs as potential therapeutics for NEC prevention in preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Yu
- Glycohub, Inc. , 4070 Truxel Road, Sacramento, California 95834, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of California , One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Xuebin Yan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States.,College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Chloe A Autran
- Division of Neonatology and Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, and Larsson-Rosenquist Foundation Mother-Milk-Infant Center of Research Excellence (LRF MoMI CoRE), University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Yanhong Li
- Glycohub, Inc. , 4070 Truxel Road, Sacramento, California 95834, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of California , One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Sabrina Etzold
- Division of Neonatology and Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, and Larsson-Rosenquist Foundation Mother-Milk-Infant Center of Research Excellence (LRF MoMI CoRE), University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Joanna Latasiewicz
- Division of Neonatology and Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, and Larsson-Rosenquist Foundation Mother-Milk-Infant Center of Research Excellence (LRF MoMI CoRE), University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Bianca M Robertson
- Division of Neonatology and Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, and Larsson-Rosenquist Foundation Mother-Milk-Infant Center of Research Excellence (LRF MoMI CoRE), University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jiaming Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Lars Bode
- Division of Neonatology and Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, and Larsson-Rosenquist Foundation Mother-Milk-Infant Center of Research Excellence (LRF MoMI CoRE), University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
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58
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Han Z, Chen C, Meng C, Gao T, Peng P, Chen X, Wang F, Cao H. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of tumor-associated antigen N3 minor octasaccharide. J Carbohydr Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2017.1315123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Han
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Congcong Chen
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Caicai Meng
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tian Gao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Peng Peng
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Fengshan Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongzhi Cao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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59
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Song Q, Wu Z, Fan Y, Song W, Zhang P, Wang L, Wang F, Xu Y, Wang PG, Cheng J. Production of homogeneous glycoprotein with multisite modifications by an engineered N-glycosyltransferase mutant. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:8856-8863. [PMID: 28381551 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.777383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring N-glycoproteins exhibit glycoform heterogeneity with respect to N-glycan sequon occupancy (macroheterogeneity) and glycan structure (microheterogeneity). However, access to well-defined glycoproteins is always important for both basic research and therapeutic purposes. As a result, there has been a substantial effort to identify and understand the catalytic properties of N-glycosyltransferases, enzymes that install the first glycan on the protein chain. In this study we found that ApNGT, a newly discovered cytoplasmic N-glycosyltransferase from Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, has strict selectivity toward the residues around the Asn of N-glycosylation sequon by screening a small library of synthetic peptides. The inherent stringency was subsequently demonstrated to be closely associated with a critical residue (Gln-469) of ApNGT which we propose hinders the access of bulky residues surrounding the occupied Asn into the active site. Site-saturated mutagenesis revealed that the introduction of small hydrophobic residues at the site cannot only weaken the stringency of ApNGT but can also contribute to enormous improvement of glycosylation efficiency against both short peptides and proteins. We then employed the most efficient mutant (Q469A) other than the wild-type ApNGT to produce a homogeneous glycoprotein carrying multiple (up to 10) N-glycans, demonstrating that this construct is a promising biocatalyst for potentially addressing the issue of macroheterogeneity in glycoprotein preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qitao Song
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, China and
| | - Zhigang Wu
- the Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303
| | - Yueyuan Fan
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, China and
| | - Woran Song
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, China and
| | - Peiru Zhang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, China and
| | - Li Wang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, China and
| | - Faxing Wang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, China and
| | - Yangyang Xu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, China and
| | - Peng G Wang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, China and
| | - Jiansong Cheng
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, China and
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60
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Wahl C, Spiertz M, Elling L. Characterization of a new UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase from Hordeum vulgare (barley). J Biotechnol 2017; 258:51-55. [PMID: 28347767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The broad substrate spectrum of UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylases from plant salvage pathways is of high interest for the synthesis of expensive nucleotide sugars by straightforward enzyme cascade reactions in combination with monosaccharide kinases. We here present a new UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase from Hordeum vulgare with favorable biochemical properties like broad pH and temperature tolerances as well as a broad substrate spectrum and high synthesis stability. Enzyme properties were determined and reaction conditions were optimized by high-through-put multiplexed capillary electrophoresis analysis. In combination with a galactokinase UDP-α-d-galactose (UDP-Gal) was efficiently synthesized with a space-time-yield of 17g/L*h for full conversion of 10mM substrate within 20min by 1.2U of each enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Wahl
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Markus Spiertz
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lothar Elling
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
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61
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Aguilar AL, Briard JG, Yang L, Macauley MS, Wu P. Tools for Studying Glycans: Recent Advances in Chemoenzymatic Glycan Labeling. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:611-621. [PMID: 28301937 PMCID: PMC5469623 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b01089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The study of cellular glycosylation presents many challenges due, in large part, to the nontemplated nature of glycan biosynthesis and glycans' structural complexity. Chemoenzymatic glycan labeling (CeGL) has emerged as a new technique to address the limitations of existing methods for glycan detection. CeGL combines glycosyltransferases and unnatural nucleotide sugar donors equipped with a bioorthogonal chemical tag to directly label specific glycan acceptor substrates in situ within biological samples. This article reviews the current CeGL strategies that are available to characterize cell-surface and intracellular glycans. Applications include imaging glycan expression status in live cells and tissue samples, proteomic analysis of glycoproteins, and target validation. Combined with genetic and biochemical tools, CeGL provides new opportunities to elucidate the functional roles of glycans in human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aime Lopez Aguilar
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Jennie Grace Briard
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Linette Yang
- Vassar College, 124 Raymond Ave, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604
| | - Matthew Scott Macauley
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
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62
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Kulmer ST, Gutmann A, Lemmerer M, Nidetzky B. Biocatalytic Cascade of Polyphosphate Kinase and Sucrose Synthase for Synthesis of Nucleotide-Activated Derivatives of Glucose. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201601078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra T. Kulmer
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering; Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz; Petersgasse 12 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Alexander Gutmann
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering; Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz; Petersgasse 12 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Martin Lemmerer
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology; Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering; Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz; Petersgasse 12 8010 Graz Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology; Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Austria
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63
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Tsering D, Chen C, Ye J, Han Z, Jing BQ, Liu XW, Chen X, Wang F, Ling P, Cao H. Enzymatic synthesis of human blood group P1 pentasaccharide antigen. Carbohydr Res 2016; 438:39-43. [PMID: 27960098 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The enzymatic synthesis of biologically important and structurally unique human P1PK blood group type P1 pentasaccharide antigen is described. This synthesis features a three-step sequential one-pot multienzyme (OPME) glycosylation for the stepwise enzymatic chain elongation of readily available lactoside acceptor with cheap and commercially available galactose and N-acetylglucosamine as donor precursors. This enzymatic synthesis provides an operationally simple approach to access P1 pentasaccharide and its structurally related Gb3 and P1 trisaccharide epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawa Tsering
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Congcong Chen
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jinfeng Ye
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Zhipeng Han
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Bai-Qian Jing
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Xian-Wei Liu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Fengshan Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China; Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Peixue Ling
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China; Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Science, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Hongzhi Cao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
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64
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Pfeiffer M, Bulfon D, Weber H, Nidetzky B. A Kinase-Independent One-Pot Multienzyme Cascade for an Expedient Synthesis of Guanosine 5′-Diphospho-d-mannose. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Pfeiffer
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering; Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz; Petersgasse 12/I A-8010 Graz Austria
| | - Dominik Bulfon
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering; Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz; Petersgasse 12/I A-8010 Graz Austria
| | - Hansjoerg Weber
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz; Stremayrgasse 9/4 A-8010 Graz Austria
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering; Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz; Petersgasse 12/I A-8010 Graz Austria
- Austrian Center of Industrial Biotechnology; Petersgasse 14 A-8010 Graz Austria
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65
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Ye J, Liu XW, Peng P, Yi W, Chen X, Wang F, Cao H. Diversity-Oriented Enzymatic Modular Assembly of ABO Histo-blood Group Antigens. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b02755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Ye
- National
Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory
of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xian-wei Liu
- National
Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory
of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Peng Peng
- National
Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory
of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Wen Yi
- Institute
of Biochemistry, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Fengshan Wang
- National
Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory
of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
- Key
Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Hongzhi Cao
- National
Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory
of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
- State Key
Laboratory of Microbiology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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66
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Yu H, Li Y, Zeng J, Thon V, Nguyen DM, Ly T, Kuang HY, Ngo A, Chen X. Sequential One-Pot Multienzyme Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Glycosphingolipid Glycans. J Org Chem 2016; 81:10809-10824. [PMID: 27736072 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids are a diverse family of biologically important glycolipids. In addition to variations on the lipid component, more than 300 glycosphingolipid glycans have been characterized. These glycans are directly involved in various molecular recognition events. Several naturally occurring sialic acid forms have been found in sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids, namely gangliosides. However, ganglioside glycans containing less common sialic acid forms are currently not available. Herein, highly effective one-pot multienzyme (OPME) systems are used in sequential for high-yield and cost-effective production of glycosphingolipid glycans, including those containing different sialic acid forms such as N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), 2-keto-3-deoxy-d-glycero-d-galacto-nononic acid (Kdn), and 8-O-methyl-N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac8OMe). A library of 64 structurally distinct glycosphingolipid glycans belonging to ganglio-series, lacto-/neolacto-series, and globo-/isoglobo-series glycosphingolipid glycans is constructed. These glycans are essential standards and invaluable probes for bioassays and biomedical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Yu
- Glycohub, Inc. , 4070 Truxel Road, Sacramento, California 95834, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of California , One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Yanhong Li
- Glycohub, Inc. , 4070 Truxel Road, Sacramento, California 95834, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of California , One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Jie Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States.,School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology , Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Vireak Thon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Dung M Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Thao Ly
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Hui Yu Kuang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Alice Ngo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
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67
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McAuley M, Huang M, Timson DJ. Insight into the mechanism of galactokinase: Role of a critical glutamate residue and helix/coil transitions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2016; 1865:321-328. [PMID: 27789348 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Galactokinase, the enzyme which catalyses the first committed step in the Leloir pathway, has attracted interest due to its potential as a biocatalyst and as a possible drug target in the treatment of type I galactosemia. The mechanism of the enzyme is not fully elucidated. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of galactokinase with the active site residues Arg-37 and Asp-186 altered predicted that two regions (residues 174-179 and 231-240) had different dynamics as a consequence. Interestingly, the same two regions were also affected by alterations in Arg-105, Glu-174 and Arg-228. These three residues were identified as important in catalysis in previous computational studies on human galactokinase. Alteration of Arg-105 to methionine resulted in a modest reduction in activity with little change in stability. When Arg-228 was changed to methionine, the enzyme's interaction with both ATP and galactose was affected. This variant was significantly less stable than the wild-type protein. Changing Glu-174 to glutamine (but not to aspartate) resulted in no detectable activity and a less stable enzyme. Overall, these combined in silico and in vitro studies demonstrate the importance of a negative charge at position 174 and highlight the critical role of the dynamics in to key regions of the protein. We postulate that these regions may be critical for mediating the enzyme's structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret McAuley
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Building, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Meilan Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
| | - David J Timson
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Building, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building, Lewes Road, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK.
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68
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Pistorio SG, Nigudkar SS, Stine KJ, Demchenko AV. HPLC-Assisted Automated Oligosaccharide Synthesis: Implementation of the Autosampler as a Mode of the Reagent Delivery. J Org Chem 2016; 81:8796-8805. [PMID: 27575052 PMCID: PMC5496006 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of a useful methodology for simple, scalable, and transformative automation of oligosaccharide synthesis that easily interfaces with existing methods is reported. The automated synthesis can now be performed using accessible equipment where the reactants and reagents are delivered by the pump or the autosampler and the reactions can be monitored by the UV detector. The HPLC-based platform for automation is easy to setup and adapt to different systems and targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore G. Pistorio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri—St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| | - Swati S. Nigudkar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri—St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| | - Keith J. Stine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri—St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| | - Alexei V. Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri—St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
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69
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Lemmerer M, Schmölzer K, Gutmann A, Nidetzky B. Downstream Processing of Nucleoside-Diphospho-Sugars from Sucrose Synthase Reaction Mixtures at Decreased Solvent Consumption. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lemmerer
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology; Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Katharina Schmölzer
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology; Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Alexander Gutmann
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology; NAWI Graz; Petersgasse 12/I 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology; Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Austria
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology; NAWI Graz; Petersgasse 12/I 8010 Graz Austria
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70
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Yu H, Zeng J, Li Y, Thon V, Shi B, Chen X. Effective one-pot multienzyme (OPME) synthesis of monotreme milk oligosaccharides and other sialosides containing 4-O-acetyl sialic acid. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:8586-97. [PMID: 27548611 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01706a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile one-pot two-enzyme chemoenzymatic approach has been established for the gram (Neu4,5Ac2α3Lac, 1.33 g) and preparative scale (Neu4,5Ac2α3LNnT) synthesis of monotreme milk oligosaccharides. Other O-acetyl-5-N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu4,5Ac2)- or 4-O-acetyl-5-N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu4Ac5Gc) -containing α2-3-sialosides have also been synthesized in the preparative scale. Used as an effective probe, Neu4,5Ac2α3GalβpNP was found to be a suitable substrate by human influenza A viruses but not bacterial sialidases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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71
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Wahl C, Hirtz D, Elling L. Multiplexed Capillary Electrophoresis as Analytical Tool for Fast Optimization of Multi-Enzyme Cascade Reactions - Synthesis of Nucleotide Sugars: Dedicated to Prof. Dr. Vladimir Křen on the occasion of his 60 th birthday. Biotechnol J 2016; 11:1298-1308. [PMID: 27311566 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201600265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nucleotide sugars are considered as bottleneck and expensive substrates for enzymatic glycan synthesis using Leloir-glycosyltransferases. Synthesis from cheap substrates such as monosaccharides is accomplished by multi-enzyme cascade reactions. Optimization of product yields in such enzyme modules is dependent on the interplay of multiple parameters of the individual enzymes and governed by a considerable time effort when convential analytic methods like capillary electrophoresis (CE) or HPLC are applied. We here demonstrate for the first time multiplexed CE (MP-CE) as fast analytical tool for the optimization of nucleotide sugar synthesis with multi-enzyme cascade reactions. We introduce a universal separation method for nucleotides and nucleotide sugars enabling us to analyze the composition of six different enzyme modules in a high-throughput format. Optimization of parameters (T, pH, inhibitors, kinetics, cofactors and enzyme amount) employing MP-CE analysis is demonstrated for enzyme modules for the synthesis of UDP-α-D-glucuronic acid (UDP-GlcA) and UDP-α-D-galactose (UDP-Gal). In this way we achieve high space-time-yields: 1.8 g/L⋆h for UDP-GlcA and 17 g/L⋆h for UDP-Gal. The presented MP-CE methodology has the impact to be used as general analytical tool for fast optimization of multi-enzyme cascade reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Wahl
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Dennis Hirtz
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lothar Elling
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
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72
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Xue J, Jin L, Zhang X, Wang F, Ling P, Sheng J. Impact of donor binding on polymerization catalyzed by KfoC by regulating the affinity of enzyme for acceptor. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:844-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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73
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Yu H, Chen X. One-pot multienzyme (OPME) systems for chemoenzymatic synthesis of carbohydrates. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:2809-18. [PMID: 26881499 PMCID: PMC4795158 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00058d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glycosyltransferase-catalyzed enzymatic and chemoenzymatic syntheses are powerful approaches for the production of oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, glycoconjugates, and their derivatives. Enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of sugar nucleotide donors can be combined with glycosyltransferases in one pot for efficient production of the target glycans from simple monosaccharides and acceptors. The identification of enzymes involved in the salvage pathway of sugar nucleotide generation has greatly facilitated the development of simplified and efficient one-pot multienzyme (OPME) systems for synthesizing major glycan epitopes in mammalian glycomes. The applications of OPME methods are steadily gaining popularity mainly due to the increasing availability of wild-type and engineered enzymes. Substrate promiscuity of these enzymes and their mutants allows OPME synthesis of carbohydrates with naturally occurring post-glycosylational modifications (PGMs) and their non-natural derivatives using modified monosaccharides as precursors. The OPME systems can be applied in sequence for synthesizing complex carbohydrates. The sequence of the sequential OPME processes, the glycosyltransferase used, and the substrate specificities of the glycosyltransferases define the structures of the products. The OPME and sequential OPME strategies can be extended to diverse glycans in other glycomes when suitable enzymes with substrate promiscuity become available. This Perspective summarizes the work of the authors and collaborators on the development of glycosyltransferase-based OPME systems for carbohydrate synthesis. Future directions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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74
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Isolation and analysis of sugar nucleotides using solid phase extraction and fluorophore assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis. MethodsX 2016; 3:251-60. [PMID: 27222820 PMCID: PMC4821447 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The building blocks of simple and complex oligosaccharides, termed sugar nucleotides, are often overlooked for their role in metabolic diseases and may hold the key to the underlying disease pathogenesis. Multiple reasons may account for the lack of analysis and quantitation of these sugar nucleotides, including the difficulty in isolation and purification as well as the required expensive instrumentation such as a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), mass spectrometer, or capillary electrophoresis. We have established a simple yet effective way to purify and quantitate sugar nucleotides using solid phase extraction (SPE) chromatography combined with fluorophore assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis (FACE). The simplicity of use, combined with the ability to run multiple samples at one time, give this technique a distinct advantage over the established methods for isolation and analysis of sugar nucleotides from cell culture models. Sugar nucleotides can be easily purified with solid phase extraction chromatography. FACE can be used to analyze multiple nucleotide sugar extracts with a single run. The proposed method is simple, affordable, and uses common everyday research labware.
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Key Words
- AMAC, 2-aminoacridone
- APS, ammonium persulfate
- CMP, cytosine monophosphate
- Carbohydrate
- Electrophoresis
- FACE, fluorophore assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis
- Face
- GDP, guanosine diphosphate
- Gal, galactose
- GalNAc, N-acetylgalactosamine
- GlcNAc, N-acetylglucosamine
- GlcUA, glucuronic acid
- HPLC
- HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography
- Man, Mannose
- NeuAc, sialic acid
- SPE, solid phase extraction
- Sugar nucleotide analysis by SPE and FACE
- Sugar nucleotides
- TEAA, triethylamine acetate
- TEMED, N′,N′,N′N′-tetramethylenediamine
- UDP, uridine diphosphate
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75
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Li Y, Xue M, Sheng X, Yu H, Zeng J, Thon V, Chen Y, Muthana MM, Wang PG, Chen X. Donor substrate promiscuity of bacterial β1-3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases and acceptor substrate flexibility of β1-4-galactosyltransferases. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:1696-705. [PMID: 26968649 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
β1-3-N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases (β3GlcNAcTs) and β1-4-galactosyltransferases (β4GalTs) have been broadly used in enzymatic synthesis of N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc)-containing oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates including poly-LacNAc, and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT) found in the milk of human and other mammals. In order to explore oligosaccharides and derivatives that can be synthesized by the combination of β3GlcNAcTs and β4GalTs, donor substrate specificity studies of two bacterial β3GlcNAcTs from Helicobacter pylori (Hpβ3GlcNAcT) and Neisseria meningitidis (NmLgtA), respectively, using a library of 39 sugar nucleotides were carried out. The two β3GlcNAcTs have complementary donor substrate promiscuity and 13 different trisaccharides were produced. They were used to investigate the acceptor substrate specificities of three β4GalTs from Neisseria meningitidis (NmLgtB), Helicobacter pylori (Hpβ4GalT), and bovine (Bβ4GalT), respectively. Ten of the 13 trisaccharides were shown to be tolerable acceptors for at least one of these β4GalTs. The application of NmLgtA in one-pot multienzyme (OPME) synthesis of two trisaccharides including GalNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcβProN3 and Galβ1-3Galβ1-4Glc was demonstrated. The study provides important information for using these glycosyltransferases as powerful catalysts in enzymatic and chemoenzymatic syntheses of oligosaccharides and derivatives which can be useful probes and reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Mengyang Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Xue Sheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jie Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Vireak Thon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Musleh M Muthana
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Peng G Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China; Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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76
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Muthana MM, Qu J, Xue M, Klyuchnik T, Siu A, Li Y, Zhang L, Yu H, Li L, Wang PG, Chen X. Improved one-pot multienzyme (OPME) systems for synthesizing UDP-uronic acids and glucuronides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:4595-8. [PMID: 25686901 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc10306h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana glucuronokinase (AtGlcAK) was cloned and shown to be able to use various uronic acids as substrates to produce the corresponding uronic acid-1-phosphates. AtGlcAK or Bifidobacterium infantis galactokinase (BiGalK) was used with a UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase, an inorganic pyrophosphatase, with or without a glycosyltransferase for highly efficient synthesis of UDP-uronic acids and glucuronides. These improved cost-effective one-pot multienzyme (OPME) systems avoid the use of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+))-cofactor in dehydrogenase-dependent UDP-glucuronic acid production processes and can be broadly applied for synthesizing various glucuronic acid-containing molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musleh M Muthana
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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77
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Wildberger P, Pfeiffer M, Brecker L, Nidetzky B. Diastereoselektive Synthese von Glykosylphosphaten mit einem Phosphorylase‐Phosphatase‐Kombikatalysator. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201507710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Wildberger
- Institut für Biotechnologie und Bioprozesstechnik, Technische Universität Graz, Petersgasse 12, 8010 Graz (Österreich)
| | - Martin Pfeiffer
- Institut für Biotechnologie und Bioprozesstechnik, Technische Universität Graz, Petersgasse 12, 8010 Graz (Österreich)
| | - Lothar Brecker
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Wien, Währingerstraße 38, 1090 Wien (Österreich)
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institut für Biotechnologie und Bioprozesstechnik, Technische Universität Graz, Petersgasse 12, 8010 Graz (Österreich)
- acib – Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (Österreich)
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78
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Wildberger P, Pfeiffer M, Brecker L, Nidetzky B. Diastereoselective Synthesis of Glycosyl Phosphates by Using a Phosphorylase-Phosphatase Combination Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:15867-71. [PMID: 26565075 PMCID: PMC4737314 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201507710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Sugar phosphates play an important role in metabolism and signaling, but also as constituents of macromolecular structures. Selective phosphorylation of sugars is chemically difficult, particularly at the anomeric center. We report phosphatase-catalyzed diastereoselective "anomeric" phosphorylation of various aldose substrates with α-D-glucose 1-phosphate, derived from phosphorylase-catalyzed conversion of sucrose and inorganic phosphate, as the phosphoryl donor. Simultaneous and sequential two-step transformations by the phosphorylase-phosphatase combination catalyst yielded glycosyl phosphates of defined anomeric configuration in yields of up to 70 % based on the phosphate applied to the reaction. An efficient enzyme-assisted purification of the glycosyl phosphate products from reaction mixtures was established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Wildberger
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12, 8010 Graz (Austria)
| | - Martin Pfeiffer
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12, 8010 Graz (Austria)
| | - Lothar Brecker
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 38, 1090 Vienna (Austria)
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12, 8010 Graz (Austria). .,acib - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (Austria).
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79
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Zhang L, Muthana MM, Yu H, McArthur JB, Qu J, Chen X. Characterizing non-hydrolyzing Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) 2-epimerase using UDP-N-acetylmannosamine (UDP-ManNAc) and derivatives. Carbohydr Res 2015; 419:18-28. [PMID: 26598987 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A non-hydrolyzing uridine 5'-diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) 2-epimerase (NmSacA) catalyzes the interconversion between UDP-GlcNAc and uridine 5'-diphosphate-N-acetylmannosamine (UDP-ManNAc). It is a key enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of the capsular polysaccharide [-6ManNAcα1-phosphate-]n of N. meningitidis serogroup A, one of the six serogroups (A, B, C, W-135, X, and Y) that account for most cases of N. meningitidis-caused bacterial septicemia and meningitis. N. meningitidis serogroup A is responsible for large epidemics in the developing world, especially in Africa. Here we report that UDP-ManNAc could be used as a substrate for C-terminal His6-tagged recombinant NmSacA (NmSacA-His6) in the absence of UDP-GlcNAc. NmSacA-His6 was activated by UDP-GlcNAc and inhibited by 2-acetamidoglucal and UDP. Substrate specificity study showed that NmSacA-His6 could tolerate several chemoenzymatically synthesized UDP-ManNAc derivatives as substrates although its activity was much lower than non-modified UDP-ManNAc. Homology modeling and molecular docking revealed likely structural determinants of NmSacA substrate specificity. This is the first detailed study of N. meningitidis serogroup A UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Musleh M Muthana
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - John B McArthur
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jingyao Qu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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80
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Enzymatic production of HMO mimics by the sialylation of galacto-oligosaccharides. Food Chem 2015; 181:51-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.02.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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81
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Comparing substrate specificity of two UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylases and efficient one-pot enzymatic synthesis of UDP-GlcA and UDP-GalA. Carbohydr Res 2015; 411:1-5. [PMID: 25942062 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Uridine 5'-diphosphate-glucuronic acid (UDP-GlcA) and UDP-galacturonic acid (UDP-GalA), the unique carboxylic acid-formed sugar nucleotides, are key precursors involved in the biosynthesis of numerous cell components. Limited availability of those components has been hindering the development of efficient ways towards facile synthesis of bioactive glycans such as glycosaminoglycans. In current study, we biochemically characterized two UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylases from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtUSP) and Bifidobacterium infantis ATCC15697 (BiUSP), and compared their activities towards a panel of sugar-1-phosphates and derivatives. Both enzymes showed significant pyrophosphorylation activities towards GlcA-1-phosphate, and AtUSP also exhibited comparable activity towards GalA-1-phosphate. By combining with monosaccharide-1-phosphate kinases, we have developed an efficient and facile one-pot three-enzyme approach to quickly obtain hundreds milligrams of UDP-GlcA and UDP-GalA.
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82
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De Bruyn F, Maertens J, Beauprez J, Soetaert W, De Mey M. Biotechnological advances in UDP-sugar based glycosylation of small molecules. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:288-302. [PMID: 25698505 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation of small molecules like specialized (secondary) metabolites has a profound impact on their solubility, stability or bioactivity, making glycosides attractive compounds as food additives, therapeutics or nutraceuticals. The subsequently growing market demand has fuelled the development of various biotechnological processes, which can be divided in the in vitro (using enzymes) or in vivo (using whole cells) production of glycosides. In this context, uridine glycosyltransferases (UGTs) have emerged as promising catalysts for the regio- and stereoselective glycosylation of various small molecules, hereby using uridine diphosphate (UDP) sugars as activated glycosyldonors. This review gives an extensive overview of the recently developed in vivo production processes using UGTs and discusses the major routes towards UDP-sugar formation. Furthermore, the use of interconverting enzymes and glycorandomization is highlighted for the production of unusual or new-to-nature glycosides. Finally, the technological challenges and future trends in UDP-sugar based glycosylation are critically evaluated and summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik De Bruyn
- Centre of Expertise-Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jo Maertens
- Centre of Expertise-Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joeri Beauprez
- Centre of Expertise-Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Soetaert
- Centre of Expertise-Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marjan De Mey
- Centre of Expertise-Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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83
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Abstract
The important roles played by human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS), the third major component of human milk, in the health of breast-fed infants have been increasingly recognized, as the structures of more than 100 different HMOS have now been elucidated. Despite the recognition of the various functions of HMOS as prebiotics, antiadhesive antimicrobials, and immunomodulators, the roles and the applications of individual HMOS species are less clear. This is mainly due to the limited accessibility to large amounts of individual HMOS in their pure forms. Current advances in the development of enzymatic, chemoenzymatic, whole-cell, and living-cell systems allow for the production of a growing number of HMOS in increasing amounts. This effort will greatly facilitate the elucidation of the important roles of HMOS and allow exploration into the applications of HMOS both as individual compounds and as mixtures of defined structures with desired functions. The structures, functions, and enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of HMOS are briefly surveyed to provide a general picture about the current progress on these aspects. Future efforts should be devoted to elucidating the structures of more complex HMOS, synthesizing more complex HMOS including those with branched structures, and developing HMOS-based or HMOS-inspired prebiotics, additives, and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, USA
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84
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Li Z, Zhang Y, Su Y, Ouyang P, Ge J, Liu Z. Spatial co-localization of multi-enzymes by inorganic nanocrystal–protein complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:12465-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc05478d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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85
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Li SP, Hsiao WC, Yu CC, Chien WT, Lin HJ, Huang LD, Lin CH, Wu WL, Wu SH, Lin CC. Characterization ofMeiothermus taiwanensisGalactokinase and its Use in the One-Pot Enzymatic Synthesis of Uridine Diphosphate-Galactose and the Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of the Carbohydrate Antigen Stage Specific Embryonic Antigen-3. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201400066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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86
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Yu H, Lau K, Thon V, Autran CA, Jantscher-Krenn E, Xue M, Li Y, Sugiarto G, Qu J, Mu S, Ding L, Bode L, Chen X. Synthetic Disialyl Hexasaccharides Protect Neonatal Rats from Necrotizing Enterocolitis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201403588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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87
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Yu H, Lau K, Thon V, Autran CA, Jantscher-Krenn E, Xue M, Li Y, Sugiarto G, Qu J, Mu S, Ding L, Bode L, Chen X. Synthetic disialyl hexasaccharides protect neonatal rats from necrotizing enterocolitis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:6687-91. [PMID: 24848971 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201403588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Two novel synthetic α2-6-linked disialyl hexasaccharides, disialyllacto-N-neotetraose (DSLNnT) and α2-6-linked disialyllacto-N-tetraose (DS'LNT), were readily obtained by highly efficient one-pot multienzyme (OPME) reactions. The sequential OPME systems described herein allowed the use of an inexpensive disaccharide and simple monosaccharides to synthesize the desired complex oligosaccharides with high efficiency and selectivity. DSLNnT and DS'LNT were shown to protect neonatal rats from necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and are good therapeutic candidates for preclinical experiments and clinical application in treating NEC in preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 (USA)
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88
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Hwang J, Yu H, Malekan H, Sugiarto G, Li Y, Qu J, Nguyen V, Wu D, Chen X. Highly efficient one-pot multienzyme (OPME) synthesis of glycans with fluorous-tag assisted purification. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:3159-62. [PMID: 24473465 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc00070f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Oligo(ethylene glycol)-linked light fluorous tags have been found to be optimal for conjugating to glycans for both high-yield enzymatic glycosylation reactions using one-pot multienzyme (OPME) systems and quick product purification using fluorous solid-phase extraction (FSPE) cartridges. The combination of OPME glycosylation systems and the FSPE cartridge purification scheme provides a highly effective strategy for facile synthesis and purification of glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA.
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89
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Chien WT, Liang CF, Yu CC, Lin CH, Li SP, Primadona I, Chen YJ, Mong KKT, Lin CC. Sequential one-pot enzymatic synthesis of oligo-N-acetyllactosamine and its multi-sialylated extensions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:5786-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc01227e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A simple and efficient protocol for the preparative-scale synthesis of various lengths of oligo-N-acetyllactosamine (oligo-LacNAc) and its multi-sialylated extensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Chien
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Fu Liang
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ching Yu
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Lin
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Si-Peng Li
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Indah Primadona
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Institute of Chemistry
- Academia Sinica
| | - Yu-Ju Chen
- Institute of Chemistry
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Genomic Research Center
- Academia Sinica
| | - Kwok Kong T. Mong
- Applied Chemistry Department
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Genomic Research Center
- Academia Sinica
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90
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Li L, Liu Y, Wan Y, Li Y, Chen X, Zhao W, Wang PG. Efficient enzymatic synthesis of guanosine 5'-diphosphate-sugars and derivatives. Org Lett 2013; 15:5528-30. [PMID: 24117142 DOI: 10.1021/ol402585c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
An N-acetylhexosamine 1-kinase from Bifidobacterium infantis (NahK_15697), a guanosine 5'-diphosphate (GDP)-mannose pyrophosphorylase from Pyrococcus furiosus (PFManC), and an Escherichia coli inorganic pyrophosphatase (EcPpA) were used efficiently for a one-pot three-enzyme synthesis of GDP-mannose, GDP-glucose, their derivatives, and GDP-talose. This study represents the first facile and efficient enzymatic synthesis of GDP-sugars and derivatives starting from monosaccharides and derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, China, Center for Diagnostics & Therapeutics and Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States, and Department of Chemistry, University of California , Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
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91
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Tsai TI, Lee HY, Chang SH, Wang CH, Tu YC, Lin YC, Hwang DR, Wu CY, Wong CH. Effective sugar nucleotide regeneration for the large-scale enzymatic synthesis of Globo H and SSEA4. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:14831-9. [PMID: 24044869 DOI: 10.1021/ja4075584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We report here the development of chemoenzymatic methods for the large-scale synthesis of cancer-associated antigens globopentaose (Gb5), fucosyl-Gb5 (Globo H), and sialyl-Gb5 (SSEA4) by using overexpressed glycosyltransferases coupled with effective regeneration of sugar nucleotides, including UDP-Gal, UDP-GalNAc, GDP-Fuc, and CMP-Neu5Ac. The enzymes used in the synthesis were first identified from different species through comparative studies and then overexpressed in E. coli and isolated for synthesis. These methods provide multigram quantities of products in high yield with only two or three purification steps and are suitable for the evaluation and development of cancer vaccines and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-I Tsai
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica , No. 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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92
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Unraveling the Leloir pathway of Bifidobacterium bifidum: significance of the uridylyltransferases. Appl Environ Microbiol 2013; 79:7028-35. [PMID: 24014529 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02460-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The GNB/LNB (galacto-N-biose/lacto-N-biose) pathway plays a crucial role in bifidobacteria during growth on human milk or mucin from epithelial cells. It is thought to be the major route for galactose utilization in Bifidobacterium longum as it is an energy-saving variant of the Leloir pathway. Both pathways are present in B. bifidum, and galactose 1-phosphate (gal1P) is considered to play a key role. Due to its toxic nature, gal1P is further converted into its activated UDP-sugar through the action of poorly characterized uridylyltransferases. In this study, three uridylyltransferases (galT1, galT2, and ugpA) from Bifidobacterium bifidum were cloned in an Escherichia coli mutant and screened for activity on the key intermediate gal1P. GalT1 and GalT2 showed UDP-glucose-hexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase activity (EC 2.7.7.12), whereas UgpA showed promiscuous UTP-hexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase activity (EC 2.7.7.10). The activity of UgpA toward glucose 1-phosphate was about 33-fold higher than that toward gal1P. GalT1, as part of the bifidobacterial Leloir pathway, was about 357-fold more active than GalT2, the functional analog in the GNB/LNB pathway. These results suggest that GalT1 plays a more significant role than previously thought and predominates when B. bifidum grows on lactose and human milk oligosaccharides. GalT2 activity is required only during growth on substrates with a GNB core such as mucin glycans.
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93
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Substrate specificity provides insights into the sugar donor recognition mechanism of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT). PLoS One 2013; 8:e63452. [PMID: 23700425 PMCID: PMC3660302 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
O-Linked β-N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase (OGT) plays an important role in the glycosylation of proteins, which is involved in various cellular events. In human, three isoforms of OGT (short OGT [sOGT]; mitochondrial OGT [mOGT]; and nucleocytoplasmic OGT [ncOGT]) share the same catalytic domain, implying that they might adopt a similar catalytic mechanism, including sugar donor recognition. In this work, the sugar-nucleotide tolerance of sOGT was investigated. Among a series of uridine 5'-diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) analogs tested using the casein kinase II (CKII) peptide as the sugar acceptor, four compounds could be used by sOGT, including UDP-6-deoxy-GlcNAc, UDP-GlcNPr, UDP-6-deoxy-GalNAc and UDP-4-deoxy-GlcNAc. Determined values of Km showed that the substitution of the N-acyl group, deoxy modification of C6/C4-OH or epimerization of C4-OH of the GlcNAc in UDP-GlcNAc decreased its affinity to sOGT. A molecular docking study combined with site-directed mutagenesis indicated that the backbone carbonyl oxygen of Leu653 and the hydroxyl group of Thr560 in sOGT contributed to the recognition of the sugar moiety via hydrogen bonds. The close vicinity between Met501 and the N-acyl group of GlcNPr, as well as the hydrophobic environment near Met501, were responsible for the selective binding of UDP-GlcNPr. These findings illustrate the interaction of OGT and sugar nucleotide donor, providing insights into the OGT catalytic mechanism.
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94
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Donor substrate promiscuity of the N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activities of Pasteurella multocida heparosan synthase 2 (PmHS2) and Escherichia coli K5 KfiA. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:1127-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-4947-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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95
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Liu J, Zou Y, Guan W, Zhai Y, Xue M, Jin L, Zhao X, Dong J, Wang W, Shen J, Wang PG, Chen M. Biosynthesis of nucleotide sugars by a promiscuous UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtUSP). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:3764-8. [PMID: 23707255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.04.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotide sugars are activated forms of monosaccharides and key intermediates of carbohydrate metabolism in all organisms. The availability of structurally diverse nucleotide sugars is particularly important for the characterization of glycosyltransferases. Given that limited methods are available for preparation of nucleotide sugars, especially their useful non-natural derivatives, we introduced herein an efficient one-step three-enzyme catalytic system for the synthesis of nucleotide sugars from monosaccharides. In this study, a promiscuous UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase (USP) from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtUSP) was used with a galactokinase from Streptococcus pneumoniae TIGR4 (SpGalK) and an inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPase) to effectively synthesize four UDP-sugars. AtUSP has better tolerance for C4-derivatives of Gal-1-P compared to UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from S. pneumoniae TIGR4 (SpGalU). Besides, the nucleotide substrate specificity and kinetic parameters of AtUSP were systematically studied. AtUSP exhibited considerable activity toward UTP, dUTP and dTTP, the yield of which was 87%, 85% and 84%, respectively. These results provide abundant information for better understanding of the relationship between substrate specificity and structural features of AtUSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and School of Life Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
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96
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Zou Y, Xue M, Wang W, Cai L, Chen L, Liu J, Wang PG, Shen J, Chen M. One-pot three-enzyme synthesis of UDP-Glc, UDP-Gal, and their derivatives. Carbohydr Res 2013; 373:76-81. [PMID: 23584237 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2012] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A UTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (SpGalU) and a galactokinase (SpGalK) were cloned from Streptococcus pneumoniae TIGR4 and were successfully used to synthesize UDP-galactose (UDP-Gal), UDP-glucose (UDP-Glc), and their derivatives in an efficient one-pot reaction system. The reaction conditions for the one-pot multi-enzyme synthesis were optimized and nine UDP-Glc/Gal derivatives were synthesized. Using this system, six unnatural UDP-Gal derivatives, including UDP-2-deoxy-Galactose and UDP-GalN3 which were not accepted by other approach, can be synthesized efficiently in a one pot fashion. More interestingly, this is the first time it has been reported that UDP-Glc can be synthesized in a simpler one-pot three-enzyme synthesis reaction system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zou
- The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
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97
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One-pot multi-enzyme (OPME) chemoenzymatic synthesis of sialyl-Tn-MUC1 and sialyl-T-MUC1 glycopeptides containing natural or non-natural sialic acid. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:4778-85. [PMID: 23535562 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 02/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A series of STn-MUC1 and ST-MUC1 glycopeptides containing naturally occurring and non-natural sialic acids have been chemoenzymatically synthesized from Tn-MUC1 glycopeptide using one-pot multienzyme (OPME) approaches. In situ generation of the sialyltransferase donor cytidine 5'-monophosphate-sialic acid (CMP-Sia) using a CMP-sialic acid synthetase in the presence of an extra amount of cytidine 5'-triphosphate (CTP) and removal of CMP from the reaction mixture by flash C18 cartridge purification allow the complete consumption of Tn-MUC1 glycopeptide for quantitative synthesis of STn-MUC1. A Campylobacter jejuni β1-3GalT (CjCgtBΔ30-His6) mutant has been found to catalyze the transfer of one or more galactose residues to Tn-MUC1 for the synthesis of T-MUC1 and galactosylated T-MUC1. Sialylation of T-MUC1 using Pasteurella multocida α2-3-sialyltransferase 3 (PmST3) with Neisseria meningitidis CMP-sialic acid synthetase (NmCSS) and Escherichia coli sialic acid aldolase in one pot produced ST-MUC1 efficiently. These glycopeptides are potential cancer vaccine candidates.
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Edgar LJG, Dasgupta S, Nitz M. Protecting-group-free synthesis of glycosyl 1-phosphates. Org Lett 2012; 14:4226-9. [PMID: 22846058 DOI: 10.1021/ol3019083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Glycosyl 1-phosphates enriched in the α-anomer are obtained without the use of protecting groups in two steps starting from the free hemiacetal. Condensation of free hemiacetals with toluenesulfonylhydrazide yields a range of glycosylsulfonohydrazide donors which can be oxidized using cupric chloride in the presence of phosphoric acid and the coordinating additive 2-methyl-2-oxazoline to give useful yields of the fully deprotected glycosyl 1-phosphates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landon John G Edgar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3H6
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