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Huang HY, Li FR, Zhang YF, Lau HC, Hsueh CY, Zhou L, Zhang M. Metagenomic shotgun sequencing reveals the enrichment of Salmonella and Mycobacterium in larynx due to prolonged ethanol exposure. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:396-405. [PMID: 38235358 PMCID: PMC10792199 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The exposure of ethanol increases the risk of head and neck inflammation and tumor progression. However, limited studies have investigated the composition and functionality of laryngeal microbiota under ethanol exposure. We established an ethanol-exposed mouse model to investigate the changes in composition and function of laryngeal microbiota using Metagenomic shotgun sequencing. In the middle and late stages of the experiment, the laryngeal microbiota of mice exposed to ethanol exhibited obvious distinguished from that of the control group on principal-coordinate analysis (PCoA) plots. Among the highly abundant species, Salmonella enterica and Mycobacterium marinum were likely to be most impacted. Our findings indicated that the exposure to ethanol significantly increased their abundance in larynxes in mice of the same age, which has been confirmed through FISH experiments. Among the species-related functions and genes, metabolism is most severely affected by ethanol. The difference was most obvious in the second month of the experiment, which may be alleviated later because the animal established tolerance. Notable enrichments concerning energy, amino acid, and carbohydrate metabolic pathways occurred during the second month under ethanol exposure. Finally, based on the correlation between species and functional variations, a network was established to investigate relationships among microbiota, functional pathways, and related genes affected by ethanol. Our data first demonstrated the continuous changes of abundance, function and their interrelationship of laryngeal microbiota under ethanol exposure by Metagenomic shotgun sequencing. Importance Ethanol may participate in the inflammation and tumor progression by affecting the composition of the laryngeal microbiota. Here, we applied the metagenomic shotgun sequencing instead of 16 S rRNA sequencing method to identify the laryngeal microbiota under ethanol exposure. Salmonella enterica and Mycobacterium marinum are two dominant species that may play a role in the reconstruction of the laryngeal microenvironment, as their local abundance increases following exposure to ethanol. The metabolic function is most evidently impacted, and several potential metabolic pathways could be associated with alterations in microbiota composition. These findings could help us better understand the impact of prolonged ethanol exposure on the microbial composition and functionality in the larynx.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hui-Ching Lau
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chi-Yao Hsueh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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2
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McCarthy AM, Betz N, Keil FC. Adults' learning of complex explanations violates their intuitions about optimal explanatory order. Cognition 2024; 246:105767. [PMID: 38484614 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Should you first teach about the purpose of a microwave or about how it heats food? Adults strongly prefer explanations to present function before mechanism and information about a whole to precede information about its component parts. Here we replicate those preferences (Study 1). Using the same stimuli, we then ask whether those pedagogical preferences reflect ease of learning of labels, function, or mechanism. Surprisingly, explanations that accord with function-before-mechanism and whole-before-part structure show no learning benefits to participants compared to other participants who see lessons that violate one or both intuitions (Study 2). Even when potential scaffolds are removed (i.e., diagrams) the preferred pedagogical order does not predict better learning (Study 3). Finally, explanatory order has only modest effects on experiential outcomes (e.g., curiosity, frustration; Study 4). In all cases, all orders of presentation support learning in comparison to controls and are not constrained by either ceiling or floor effects. Reasons for the clash between intuitions about learning and actual outcomes are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M McCarthy
- Department of Psychology, 2 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
| | - Nicole Betz
- Department of Psychology, 2 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
| | - Frank C Keil
- Department of Psychology, 2 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
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Mazza DF, Boonsri PS, Arora A, Bayne CO, Szabo RM, Chaudhari AJ, Boutin RD. Relationships between diagnostic imaging of first carpometacarpal osteoarthritis and pain, functional status, and disease progression: A systematic review. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2024; 32:476-492. [PMID: 38141842 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2023.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review the association of pain, function, and progression in first carpometacarpal (CMC) osteoarthritis (OA) with imaging biomarkers and radiography-based staging. DESIGN Database searches in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, along with citation searching were conducted in accordance with published guidance. Data on the association of imaging with pain, functional status, and disease progression were extracted and synthesized, along with key information on study methodology such as sample sizes, use of control subjects, study design, number of image raters, and blinding. Methodological quality was assessed using National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute tools. RESULTS After duplicate removal, a total of 1969 records were screened. Forty-six articles are included in this review, covering a total of 28,202 study participants, 7263 with first CMC OA. Osteophytes were found to be one of the strongest biomarkers for pain across imaging modalities. Radiographic findings alone showed conflicting relationships with pain. However, Kellgren-Lawrence staging showed consistent associations with pain in various studies. Radiographic, sonographic, and MRI findings and staging showed little association to tools evaluating functional status across imaging modalities. The same imaging methods showed limited ability to predict progression of first CMC OA. A major limitation was the heterogeneity in the study base, limiting synthesis of results. CONCLUSION Imaging findings and radiography-based staging systems generally showed strong associations with pain, but not with functional status or disease progression. More research and improved imaging techniques are needed to help physicians better manage patients with first CMC OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario F Mazza
- Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
| | | | - Aman Arora
- Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Christopher O Bayne
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Robert M Szabo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
| | | | - Robert D Boutin
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Brennan L, Sheill G, Collier S, Browne P, Donohoe CL, O'Neill L, Hussey J, Guinan EM. Personalised exercise rehabilitation in cancer survivorship: the percs triage and referral system study protocol. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:517. [PMID: 38654198 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12266-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To effectively embed exercise rehabilitation in cancer survivorship care, a co-ordinated system of acute and community exercise rehabilitation services, forming a stepped model of care, is recommended. Patients can be directed to the exercise rehabilitation service which best meets their needs through a system of assessment, triage and referral. Triage and referral systems are not yet widely applied in cancer survivorship practice and need to be evaluated in real-world contexts. The PERCS (Personalised Exercise Rehabilitation in Cancer Survivorship) study aims to evaluate the real-world application of an exercise rehabilitation triage and referral system in cancer survivors treated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Secondary aims are to evaluate change in physical and psychosocial outcomes, and to qualitatively evaluate the impact of the system and patient experiences, at three months after application of the triage and referral system. METHODS This study will assess the implementation of an exercise rehabilitation triage and referral system within the context of a physiotherapy-led cancer rehabilitation clinic for cancer survivors who received cancer treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. The PERCS triage and referral system supports decision making in exercise rehabilitation referral by recommending one of three pathways: independent exercise; fitness professional referral; or health professional referral. Up to 100 adult cancer survivors treated during the COVID-19 pandemic who have completed treatment and have no signs of active disease will be recruited. We will assess participants' physical and psychosocial wellbeing and evaluate whether medical clearance for exercise is needed. Participants will then be triaged to a referral pathway and an exercise recommendation will be collaboratively decided. Reassessment will be after 12 weeks. Primary outcomes are implementation-related, guided by the RE-AIM framework. Secondary outcomes include physical function, psychosocial wellbeing and exercise levels. Qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) will provide insights on implementation and system impact. DISCUSSION The PERCS study will investigate the real-world application of a cancer rehabilitation triage and referral system. This will provide proof of concept evidence for this triage approach and important insights on the implementation of a triage system in a specialist cancer centre. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, registration number: NCT05615285, date registered: 21st October 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Brennan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Grainne Sheill
- Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Physiotherapy, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sonya Collier
- Psycho-Oncology Unit, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Peter Browne
- Trinity St James's Cancer Institute Patient Representative Group, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Claire L Donohoe
- Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Surgery, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Linda O'Neill
- Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Juliette Hussey
- Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emer M Guinan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Wellcome-Health Research Board Clinical Research Facility, Trinity College, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Tiansheng Z, Wensheng L. The regulation of prolactin secretion and its targeting function of teleost. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2024:114530. [PMID: 38657738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Prolactin is involved in regulating various physiological activities of vertebrates and is one of the most momentous pituitary hormones. However, not enough attention is currently paid to prolactin, especially in teleost. This paper aims to gather, organize, and analyze recent studies on the regulation and functions of prolactin. By comparing with other animal groups, it highlights the significant role of prolactin in fish reproduction, immunity, growth, and osmotic pressure regulation, as well as the upstream and downstream factors that may be involved in the regulation of prolactin functions, were introduced to provide a theoretical basis for the in-depth study and potential practical application of prolactin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Tiansheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Li Wensheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275 China.
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Nardolillo M, Rescigno F, Bartiromo M, Piatto D, Guarino S, Marzuillo P, Miraglia del Giudice E, Di Sessa A. Interplay between metabolic dys function-associated fatty liver disease and renal function: An intriguing pediatric perspective. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:2081-2086. [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i15.2081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Over recent years, the nomenclature of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has undergone significant changes. Indeed, in 2020, an expert consensus panel proposed the term “Metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease” (MAFLD) to underscore the close association of fatty liver with metabolic abnormalities, thereby highlighting the cardiometabolic risks (such as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease) faced by these patients since childhood. More recently, this term has been further replaced with metabolic associated steatotic liver disease. It is worth noting that emerging evidence not only supports a close and independent association of MAFLD with chronic kidney disease in adults but also indicates its interplay with metabolic impairments. However, comparable pediatric data remain limited. Given the progressive and chronic nature of both diseases and their prognostic cardiometabolic implications, this editorial aims to provide a pediatric perspective on the intriguing relationship between MAFLD and renal function in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Nardolillo
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Fabiola Rescigno
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Mario Bartiromo
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Dario Piatto
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Stefano Guarino
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Marzuillo
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Emanuele Miraglia del Giudice
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Anna Di Sessa
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
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Sutton KF, Cabell GH, Ashley LW, Lentz TA, Lewis BD, Olson SA, Mather RC. Does psychological distress predict risk of orthopaedic surgery and postoperative opioid prescribing in patients with hip pain? A retrospective study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:304. [PMID: 38643071 PMCID: PMC11031887 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07418-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinicians and public health professionals have allocated resources to curb opioid over-prescription and address psychological needs among patients with musculoskeletal pain. However, associations between psychological distress, risk of surgery, and opioid prescribing among those with hip pathologies remain unclear. METHODS Using a retrospective cohort study design, we identified patients that were evaluated for hip pain from January 13, 2020 to October 27, 2021. Patients' surgical histories and postoperative opioid prescriptions were extracted via chart review. Risk of hip surgery within one year of evaluation was analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. Multivariable linear regression was employed to predict average morphine milligram equivalents (MME) per day of opioid prescriptions within the first 30 days after surgery. Candidate predictors included age, gender, race, ethnicity, employment, insurance type, hip function and quality of life on the International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-12), and psychological distress phenotype using the OSPRO Yellow Flag (OSPRO-YF) Assessment Tool. RESULTS Of the 672 patients, n = 350 (52.1%) underwent orthopaedic surgery for hip pain. In multivariable analysis, younger patients, those with TRICARE/other government insurance, and those with a high psychological distress phenotype had higher odds of surgery. After adding iHOT-12 scores, younger patients and lower iHOT-12 scores were associated with higher odds of surgery, while Black/African American patients had lower odds of surgery. In multivariable analysis of average MME, patients with periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) received opioid prescriptions with significantly higher average MME than those with other procedures, and surgery type was the only significant predictor. Post-hoc analysis excluding PAO found higher average MME for patients undergoing hip arthroscopy (compared to arthroplasty or other non-PAO procedures) and significantly lower average MME for patients with public insurance (Medicare/Medicaid) compared to those with private insurance. Among those only undergoing arthroscopy, older age and having public insurance were associated with opioid prescriptions with lower average MME. Neither iHOT-12 scores nor OSPRO-YF phenotype assignment were significant predictors of postoperative mean MME. CONCLUSIONS Psychological distress characteristics are modifiable targets for rehabilitation programs, but their use as prognostic factors for risk of orthopaedic surgery and opioid prescribing in patients with hip pain appears limited when considered alongside other commonly collected clinical information such as age, insurance, type of surgery pursued, and iHOT-12 scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kent F Sutton
- Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Grant H Cabell
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lucas W Ashley
- Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Trevor A Lentz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Brian D Lewis
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Steven A Olson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Richard C Mather
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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Chen H, Shi H, Gao S, Fang J, Yi J, Wu W, Liu X, Liu Z. Durable Effects of Acupuncture for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2024:10.1007/s11916-024-01242-6. [PMID: 38635021 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-024-01242-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a degenerative joint disease which can result in chronic pain and disability. The current interventions available for KOA often fail to provide long-lasting effects, highlighting the need for new treatment options that can offer durable benefits. Previous studies have suggested the efficacy of acupuncture for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) with its durability remaining uncertain. In this review, we aimed to investigate the durability of the efficacy after completion of treatment. RECENT FINDINGS We performed thorough searches of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception to November 4, 2023. The outcomes were assessed at all available time points after completion of treatment. Primary outcomes were changes from baseline in pain and function measured using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain and function subscales. Secondary outcomes included response rate, overall pain, the WOMAC stiffness subscale, total WOMAC index, and physical and mental health components of 12/36-item Short-Form Health Survey. A total of 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 3221 participants were included. Pooled estimates suggested that acupuncture may offer potential improvements in function and overall pain for 4.5 months post-treatment versus sham acupuncture (SA). Acupuncture may provide durable clinically important pain relief and functional improvement up to 5 months post-treatment versus usual care, and up to 6 months post-treatment versus diclofenac. For acupuncture versus no treatment, one trial with large sample size indicated that improvements in pain and function persisted for 3 months post-treatment, while the other trial reported that significant pain reduction and functional improvement were only observed at the end of the treatment, not at 9 months post-treatment. However, acupuncture as adjunct to exercise-based physical therapy (EPT) showed no superiority to SA as an adjunct to EPT or EPT alone up to 11.25 months after completion of treatment. Acupuncture may provide pain alleviation and functional improvements in KOA patients for 3 to 6 months after completion of treatment with a good safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Chen
- Department of Acupuncture, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guang'anmen Hospital, No. 5 Beixiange St, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Hangyu Shi
- Department of Acupuncture, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guang'anmen Hospital, No. 5 Beixiange St, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Gao
- Department of Acupuncture, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guang'anmen Hospital, No. 5 Beixiange St, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jiufei Fang
- Department of Acupuncture, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guang'anmen Hospital, No. 5 Beixiange St, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jiamin Yi
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Wu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinkun Liu
- Department of Acupuncture, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guang'anmen Hospital, No. 5 Beixiange St, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Zhishun Liu
- Department of Acupuncture, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guang'anmen Hospital, No. 5 Beixiange St, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Yim THJYZ, Tan KY. Functional Outcomes after Abdominal Surgery in Older Adults - How concerned are we about this? Eur J Surg Oncol 2024; 50:108347. [PMID: 38657374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2024.108347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Amidst trends of a rapidly ageing population with better surgical outcomes for geriatric patients, it is imperative to consider outcome measures beyond mortality and morbidity rates. In fact, the preservation of one's postoperative function has been cited as a key priority for older adults and is a crucial determinant of postoperative independence and survival. This review aims to examine the prevalence of perioperative function reporting amongst older surgical patients undergoing elective major abdominal surgery for cancer. We systematically reviewed studies from inception to December 2023 for studies which focused on the outcomes of older surgical patients undergoing elective major abdominal surgery for cancer. Relevant citations were screened (title, abstract and full article review) based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. 103 studies were included, of which only 31 studies consisting of 20885 participants reported perioperative function. While the nominal number of studies which report perioperative function has been on a steady rise since 2018, the proportion of studies which do so remains low. Postoperative function is three times less likely to be reported than preoperative function, suggesting that functional recovery is not sufficiently assessed. This suggests that there is still a poor uptake of functional recovery as an outcome measure amongst surgeons, and any increase in perioperative function reporting is likely due to the increased administration of frailty assessments. These findings should urge greater efforts in quantifying and enabling functional recovery to improve the clinical outcomes and quality of care for older surgical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kok Yang Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, 90 Yishun Central Singapore 768828.
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Duan X, Liu R, Xi Y, Tian Z. The mechanisms of exercise improving cardiovascular function by stimulating Piezo1 and TRP ion channels: a systemic review. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05000-5. [PMID: 38625513 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05000-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Mechanosensitive ion channels are widely distributed in the heart, lung, bladder and other tissues, and plays an important role in exercise-induced cardiovascular function promotion. By reviewing the PubMed databases, the results were summarized using the terms "Exercise/Sport", "Piezo1", "Transient receptor potential (TRP)" and "Cardiovascular" as the keywords, 124-related papers screened were sorted and reviewed. The results showed that: (1) Piezo1 and TRP channels play an important role in regulating blood pressure and the development of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and cardiac fibrosis; (2) Exercise promotes cardiac health, inhibits the development of pathological heart to heart failure, regulating the changes in the characterization of Piezo1 and TRP channels; (3) Piezo1 activates downstream signaling pathways with very broad pathways, such as AKT/eNOS, NF-κB, p38MAPK and HIPPO-YAP signaling pathways. Piezo1 and Irisin regulate nuclear localization of YAP and are hypothesized to act synergistically to regulate tissue mechanical properties of the cardiovascular system and (4) The cardioprotective effects of exercise through the TRP family are mostly accomplished through Ca2+ and involve many signaling pathways. TRP channels exert their important cardioprotective effects by reducing the TRPC3-Nox2 complex and mediating Irisin-induced Ca2+ influx through TRPV4. It is proposed that exercise stimulates the mechanosensitive cation channel Piezo1 and TRP channels, which exerts cardioprotective effects. The activation of Piezo1 and TRP channels and their downstream targets to exert cardioprotective function by exercise may provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases and the rehabilitation of clinical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Duan
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Renhan Liu
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yue Xi
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
| | - Zhenjun Tian
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
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Liu Y, Zhao S, Huang J, Zhang P, Wang Q, Chen Z, Zhu L, Ji W, Cheng C. Application value of intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring in cerebral eloquent area glioma surgery: a retrospective cohort study. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:118. [PMID: 38613736 PMCID: PMC11016029 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00975-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Surgery for gliomas involving eloquent areas is a very challenging microsurgical procedure. Maximizing both the extent of resection (EOR) and preservation of neurological function have always been the focus of attention. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) is widely used in this kind of surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of IONM in eloquent area glioma surgery. METHODS Sixty-eight glioma patients who underwent surgical treatment from 2014 to 2019 were included in this retrospective cohort study, which focused on eloquent areas. Clinical indicators and IONM data were analysed preoperatively, two weeks after surgery, and at the final follow-up. Logistic regression, Cox regression, and Kaplan‒Meier analyses were performed, and nomograms were then established for predicting prognosis. The diagnostic value of the IONM indicator was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS IONM had no effect on the postoperative outcomes, including EOR, intraoperative bleeding volume, duration of surgery, length of hospital stay, and neurological function status. However, at the three-month follow-up, the percentage of patients who had deteriorated function in the monitored group was significantly lower than that in the unmonitored group (23.3% vs. 52.6%; P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that IONM was a significant factor in long-term neurological function (OR = 0.23, 95% CI (0.07-0.70). In the survival analysis, long-term neurological deterioration indicated worsened overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). A prognostic nomogram was established through Cox regression model analysis, which could predict the probability 3-year survival rate. The concordance index was 0.761 (95% CI 0.734-0.788). The sensitivity and specificity of IONM evoked potential (SSEP and TCeMEP) were 0.875 and 0.909, respectively. In the ROC curve analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) for the SSEP and TCeMEP curves was 0.892 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The application of IONM could improve long-term neurological function, which is closely related to prognosis and can be used as an independent prognostic factor. IONM is practical and widely available for predicting postoperative functional deficits in patients with eloquent area glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuankun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Songyun Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Pengpeng Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhuwen Chen
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lingjie Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.
- Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.
- Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.
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12
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Shi Y, Shen F, Chen X, Sun M, Zhang P. Current understanding of circular RNAs in preeclampsia. Hypertens Res 2024:10.1038/s41440-024-01675-x. [PMID: 38605141 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-024-01675-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a multiple organ and system disease that seriously threatens the safety of the mother and infant during pregnancy, and has a profound impact on the morbidity and mortality of the mother and new babies. Presently, there are no remedies for cure of PE as to the mechanisms of PE are still unclear, and the only way to eliminate the symptoms is to deliver the placenta. Thus, new therapeutic targets for PE are urgently needed. Approximately 95% of human transcripts are thought to be non-coding RNAs, and the roles of them are to be increasingly recognized of great importance in various biological processes. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs, with no 5' caps and 3' polyadenylated tails, commonly produced by back-splicing of exons. The structure of circRNAs makes them more stable than their counterparts. Increasing evidence shows that circRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of PE, but the biogenesis, functions, and mechanisms of circRNAs in PE are poorly understood. In the present review, we mainly summarize the biogenesis, functions, and possible mechanisms of circRNAs in the development and progression of PE, as well as opportunities and challenges in the treatment and prevention of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Shi
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fangrong Shen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xionghui Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- Institute of Trauma Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center of Trauma Medicine, Suzhou, China.
| | - Miao Sun
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Pengjie Zhang
- Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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13
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Liu K, Liu Y, Ma X, Fu D, Fan Z. Effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on pain, knee function, and psychological status in patients after primary total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:280. [PMID: 38605391 PMCID: PMC11007994 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07413-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The clinical efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) after Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is still controversial, and the purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of CBT on pain, knee function, and psychological status of patients after TKA. METHODS We systematically searched electronic databases such as CNKI, CBM, VIP, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE for randomized controlled studies up to February 30, 2023. Screening against inclusion criteria to select valid studies and extract data. The quality of included studies was evaluated by the Cochrane Collaboration risk-of-bias 2 (RoB 2) tool for randomized trials. Statistical analysis of the data from this study was carried out using Stata 15.1 software. RESULTS Finally, our meta-analysis incorporated seven randomized controlled studies of high quality, including 608 patients. The findings of the meta-analysis demonstrated a noteworthy decrease in kinesiophobia levels during the early postoperative phase in the CBT group as compared to the usual care group (WMD = -6.35, 95% CI: -7.98 to -4.72, Z = 7.64, P < 0.001). However, no statistically significant difference between the CBT and usual care groups in terms of postoperative pain as well as knee function. CONCLUSION CBT may effectively reduce the level of kinesiophobia in the short term after TKA, but did not significantly relieve knee pain or improve knee function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Fuyang People's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, Anhui, 236000, China
| | - Yuandong Liu
- Fuyang People's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, Anhui, 236000, China
| | - Xukai Ma
- Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Donglin Fu
- Fuyang People's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, Anhui, 236000, China.
| | - Zongqing Fan
- Fuyang People's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, Anhui, 236000, China.
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Li M, Wu L, Shi Y, Wu L, Afzal F, Jia Y, Huang Y, Hu B, Chen J, Huang J. Bioinformatics and Functional Analysis of OsASMT1 Gene in Response to Abiotic Stress. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10774-w. [PMID: 38582819 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10774-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to elucidate the functional characteristics of OsASMT1 gene under copper (Cu) or sodium chloride (NaCl) stress. Bioinformatics scrutiny unveiled that OsASMT1 is situated on chromosome 9. Its protein architecture, comprising dimerization and methyltransferase domains, showed significant similarities to OsASMT2 and OsASMT3. High expression in roots and panicles, along with abiotic stress putative cis-regulatory elements in the promoter, indicated potential stress responsiveness. Real-time quantitative PCR confirmed OsASMT1 induction under Cu and NaCl stress in rice. Surprisingly, yeast expressing OsASMT1 did not exhibit enhanced resistance to abiotic stresses. The results of subcellular localization analysis indicated that OsASMT1 plays a role in the cytoplasm. While OsASMT1 responded to Cu and NaCl stress in rice, its heterologous expression in yeast failed to confer abiotic stress resistance, highlighting the need for further investigation of its functional implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Li
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Longying Wu
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Shi
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Lijuan Wu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Farhan Afzal
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanru Jia
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanyan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 61130, Sichuan, China
| | - Binhua Hu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610066, Sichuan, China
| | - Ji Chen
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Huang
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China.
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Chen N, Feng ZJ, Gao HX, He Q, Zeng WC. Elucidating the influence and mechanism of different phenols on the properties, food quality and function of maize starch. Food Chem 2024; 449:139191. [PMID: 38583396 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
This study discusses interaction differences between three phenols (protocatechuic acid, naringin and tannic acid) and starch helix, investigates influences of phenols at different doses on properties of maize starch, and further determines their effects on quality and function of maize-starchy foods. Simulated results indicate variations of phenolic structure (phenolic hydroxyl group amount, glycoside structure and steric hindrance) and dose induce phenols form different complexes with starch helix. Formation of different starch-phenols complexes alters gelatinization (1.65-5.63 J/g), pasting form, water binding capacity (8.83-12.69 g/g) and particle size distribution of starch. Meanwhile, differences in starch-phenols complexes are reflected in fingerprint area (R1045/1022: 0.920 to 1.047), crystallinity (8.3% to 17.0%), rheology and gel structure of starch. Additionally, phenols change texture and color of cold maize cake, giving them different antioxidant capacity and lower digestibility. Findings are beneficial for understanding interaction between starch and different phenols and their potential application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Chen
- Antioxidant Polyphenols Team, Department of Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Zi-Jian Feng
- Antioxidant Polyphenols Team, Department of Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Hao-Xiang Gao
- Antioxidant Polyphenols Team, Department of Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Qiang He
- The Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology of Sichuan Province of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Wei-Cai Zeng
- Antioxidant Polyphenols Team, Department of Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology of Sichuan Province of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China.
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González-de-la-Flor Á, Valera-Calero JA, García-Fernández P, López-de-Uralde-Villanueva I, Fernández-de-Las-Peñas C, Plaza-Manzano G. Clinical Presentation Differences Among Four Subtypes of Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Case-Control Study. Phys Ther 2024; 104:pzad179. [PMID: 38157293 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzad179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to assess the psychological, functional, and physical differences between patients with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome and individuals who were asymptomatic (controls) to analyze clinical differences among 4 subtypes of FAI (cam type, cam type with labral tear, pincer type, and pincer type with labral tear), to calculate the correlations among the variables described, and to identify risk factors contributing to the hip function variance. METHODS A case-control study was conducted at a hospital rehabilitation unit with a cohort of individuals who were asymptomatic (controls) and a cohort of patients with FAI. Sociodemographic characteristics, pain intensity, psychological health status, hip range of motion (RoM), hip isometric strength, and hip function were assessed. RESULTS A total of 69 controls and 69 patients with FAI were analyzed. Although sociodemographic characteristics were comparable between samples, poorer hip RoM, strength, and psychological health were found for the cases. FAI subtypes showed no significant pain intensity, psychological health, or RoM differences (except for hip adduction), but hip strength differed among FAI subtypes. Multiple significant correlations between psychological health, pain intensity, RoM, strength, and hip function were found. The variance values of the International Hip Outcome Tool, Hip Outcome Score (HOS) for daily living activities, and HOS for sports activities were partially explained (47.6%, 36.0%, and 21.6%, respectively) on the basis of kinesiophobia, hip strength, self-efficacy, and anxiety. CONCLUSION Patients with FAI showed poorer psychological health, hip RoM, and strength than individuals who were asymptomatic and had similar sociodemographic characteristics. FAI subtype influenced the patients' clinical presentations. Hip strength, kinesiophobia, anxiety, and self-efficacy should be targeted for improving hip function, as they have been demonstrated to be important contributors to hip disability. IMPACT This study demonstrated that pain catastrophizing, hip strength, and hip adduction differed among FAI subtypes. However, hip function and pain intensity were comparable between FAI subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel González-de-la-Flor
- Department of Physical Therapy and Sport Medicine, Hospital Universitario Quironsalud Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Valera-Calero
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursery, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo García-Fernández
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursery, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ibai López-de-Uralde-Villanueva
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursery, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - César Fernández-de-Las-Peñas
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
- Cátedra Institucional en Docencia, Clínica e Investigación en Fisioterapia: Terapia Manual, Punción Seca y Ejercicio Terapéutico, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gustavo Plaza-Manzano
- Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursery, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Grupo InPhysio, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
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Green DJ, Chasland LC, Yeap BB, Naylor LH. Comparing the Impacts of Testosterone and Exercise on Lean Body Mass, Strength and Aerobic Fitness in Aging Men. Sports Med Open 2024; 10:30. [PMID: 38563849 PMCID: PMC10987448 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-024-00703-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Based on the largely untested premise that it is a restorative hormone that may reverse the detrimental impacts of aging, prescription of testosterone (T) has increased in recent decades despite no new clinical indications. It is apparent that middle-aged and older men with low-normal serum T levels are considering T supplementation as an anti-aging strategy. At the same time, there is evidence that physical activity (PA) is at historical lows in the Western world. In this review, we compare the impacts of T treatment aimed at achieving physiological T concentrations in middle-aged and older men, alongside the impacts of ecologically relevant forms of exercise training. The independent, and possible combined, effects of T and exercise therapy on physiological outcomes such as aerobic fitness, body composition and muscular strength are addressed. MAIN BODY Our findings suggest that both T treatment and exercise improve lean body mass in healthy older men. If improvement in lean body mass is the primary aim, then T treatment could be considered, and the combination of T and exercise may be more beneficial than either in isolation. In terms of muscle strength in older age, an exercise program is likely to be more beneficial than T treatment (where the dose is aimed at achieving physiological concentrations), and the addition of such T treatment does not provide further benefit beyond that of exercise alone. For aerobic fitness, T at doses aimed at achieving physiological concentrations has relatively modest impacts, particularly in comparison to exercise training, and there is limited evidence as to additive effects. Whilst higher doses of T, particularly by intramuscular injection, may have larger impacts on lean body mass and strength, this must be balanced against potential risks. CONCLUSION Knowing the impacts of T treatment and exercise on variables such as body composition, strength and aerobic fitness extends our understanding of the relative benefits of physiological and pharmacological interventions in aging men. Our review suggests that T has impacts on strength, body composition and aerobic fitness outcomes that are dependent upon dose, route of administration, and formulation. T treatment aimed at achieving physiological T concentrations in middle-aged and older men can improve lean body mass, whilst exercise training enhances lean body mass, aerobic fitness and strength. Men who are physically able to exercise safely should be encouraged to do so, not only in terms of building lean body mass, strength and aerobic fitness, but for the myriad health benefits that exercise training confers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Green
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Lauren C Chasland
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- Allied Health Department, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Bu B Yeap
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Louise H Naylor
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- Allied Health Department, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
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Zheng J, Huang X, Gao L, Xu X, Hou L, Cai T, Jia S. Deciphering the core bacterial community structure and function and their response to environmental factors in activated sludge from pharmaceutical wastewater treatment plants. Environ Pollut 2024; 346:123635. [PMID: 38428794 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical wastewater is recognized for its heightened concentrations of organic pollutants, and biological treatment stands out as an effective technology to remove these organic pollution. Therefore, a comprehensive exploration of core bacterial community compositions, functions, and their responses to environmental factors in pharmaceutical wastewater treatment plants (PWWTPs) is important for understanding the removal mechanism of these organic pollutants. This study comprehensively investigated 36 activated sludge (AS) samples from 15 PWWTPs in China. The results revealed that Proteobacteria (45.41%) was the dominant phylum in AS samples, followed by Bacteroidetes (19.54%) and Chloroflexi (4.13%). While the dominant genera were similar in both aerobic and anaerobic treatment processes, their relative abundances exhibited significant variations. Genera like HA73, Kosmotoga, and Desulfovibrio were more abundant during anaerobic treatment, while Rhodoplanes, Bdellovibrio, and Hyphomicrobium dominated during aerobic treatment. 13 and 10 core operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified in aerobic and anaerobic sludge, respectively. Further analysis revealed that core OTUs belonging to genera Kosmotoga, Desulfovibrio, Thauera, Hyphomicrobium, and Chelativorans, were associated with key functions, including sulfur metabolism, methane metabolism, amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, toluene degradation, and nitrogen metabolism. Furthermore, this study highlighted the crucial roles of environmental factors, such as COD, NH4+-N, SO42-, and TP, in shaping both the structure and core functions of bacterial communities within AS of PWWTPs. Notably, these factors indirectly affect functional attributes by modulating the bacterial community composition and structure in pharmaceutical wastewater. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing the efficiency of biochemical treatment processes in PWWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinli Zheng
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xin Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Linjun Gao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xu Xu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lijun Hou
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Tianming Cai
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shuyu Jia
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Wang YL, Ikuma K, Brooks SC, Varonka MS, Deonarine A. Non-mercury methylating microbial taxa are integral to understanding links between mercury methylation and elemental cycles in marine and freshwater sediments. Environ Pollut 2024; 346:123573. [PMID: 38365074 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to explore the role of non-mercury (Hg) methylating taxa in mercury methylation and to identify potential links between elemental cycles and Hg methylation. Statistical approaches were utilized to investigate the microbial community and biochemical functions in relation to methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in marine and freshwater sediments. Sediments were collected from the methylation zone (top 15 cm) in four Hg-contaminated sites. Both abiotic (e.g., sulfate, sulfide, iron, salinity, total organic matter, etc.) and biotic factors (e.g., hgcA, abundances of methylating and non-methylating taxa) were quantified. Random forest and stepwise regression were performed to assess whether non-methylating taxa were significantly associated with MeHg concentration. Co-occurrence and functional network analyses were constructed to explore associations between taxa by examining microbial community structure, composition, and biochemical functions across sites. Regression analysis showed that approximately 80% of the variability in sediment MeHg concentration was predicted by total mercury concentration, the abundances of Hg methylating taxa, and the abundances of the non-Hg methylating taxa. The co-occurrence networks identified Paludibacteraceae and Syntrophorhabdaceae as keystone non Hg methylating taxa in multiple sites, indicating the potential for syntrophic interactions with Hg methylators. Strong associations were also observed between methanogens and sulfate-reducing bacteria, which were likely symbiotic associations. The functional network results suggested that non-Hg methylating taxa play important roles in sulfur respiration, nitrogen respiration, and the carbon metabolism-related functions methylotrophy, methanotrophy, and chemoheterotrophy. Interestingly, keystone functions varied by site and did not involve carbon- and sulfur-related functions only. Our findings highlight associations between methylating and non-methylating taxa and sulfur, carbon, and nitrogen cycles in sediment methylation zones, with implications for predicting and understanding the impact of climate and land/sea use changes on Hg methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Li Wang
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Construction Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Kaoru Ikuma
- Department of Civil, Construction & Environmental Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Scott C Brooks
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Science Division, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Matthew S Varonka
- U.S. Geological Survey, Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center, Reston, VA, United States
| | - Amrika Deonarine
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Construction Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States.
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Sheridan GA, Abdelmalek M, Howard LC, Neufeld ME, Masri BA, Garbuz DS. Navigated Versus Conventional Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Randomized Controlled Trials. J Orthop 2024; 50:99-110. [PMID: 38187368 PMCID: PMC10770435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2023.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Recent evidence on the cost-effectiveness of technology in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) demonstrated that navigated computer-assisted methods (N-TKA) is likely to be most cost-effective in the clinical setting. The aim of the current meta-analysis is to compare radiographic, clinical and functional outcomes between conventional TKA (C-TKA) and N-TKA methods. Methods All prospective randomized controlled trials (pRCTs) comparing primary TKA performed using C-TKA and N-TKA techniques were eligible for inclusion. Radiographic outcomes included postoperative coronal, sagittal and axial component alignment. Clinical outcomes included all-cause revision and aseptic revision. Functional outcomes were analyzed when reported. A random-effects meta-analysis of all available cases was performed. This allowed for all missing data. Results Normal coronal mechanical alignment of the tibial (p < 0.001) and femoral (p = 0.001) components was achieved more frequently with N-TKA. Normal sagittal mechanical alignment of the tibial component was achieved significantly more with N-TKA (p < 0.010). There was no difference in short-term clinical survivorship (all-cause, p = 0.649; aseptic, p = 0.79) or in functional outcomes reported between groups. There was a clinically significant reduction in the mean C-TKA operative time (87 min, σ = 16.6, 95% CI 76.4-98.8) compared N-TKA (97.6 min, σ = 16.9, 95% CI 86.2-109.1) (p = 0.17). Conclusion Navigated TKA achieves superior radiographic alignment for femoral and tibial components in both the coronal and sagittal plane. Operative times are 10 min longer in the N-TKA group. Functional outcomes are similar between navigated and conventional groups. Clinical outcomes reported in Level I studies are limited to short-term follow-up so future prospective studies are required.
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Li Z, Zhang Z, Rosen ST, Feng M. Function and mechanism of bispecific antibodies targeting SARS-CoV-2. Cell Insight 2024; 3:100150. [PMID: 38374826 PMCID: PMC10875118 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellin.2024.100150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
As the dynamic evolution of SARS-CoV-2 led to reduced efficacy in monoclonal neutralizing antibodies and emergence of immune escape, the role of bispecific antibodies becomes crucial in bolstering antiviral activity and suppressing immune evasion. This review extensively assesses a spectrum of representative bispecific antibodies targeting SARS-CoV-2, delving into their characteristics, design formats, mechanisms of action, and associated advantages and limitations. The analysis encompasses factors influencing the selection of parental antibodies and strategies for incorporating added benefits in bispecific antibody design. Furthermore, how different classes of parental antibodies contribute to augmenting the broad-spectrum neutralization capability within bispecific antibodies is discussed. In summary, this review presents analyses and discussions aimed at offering valuable insights for shaping future strategies in bispecific antibody design to effectively confront the challenges posed by SARS-CoV-2 and propel advancements in antiviral therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Li
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Zengyuan Zhang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Southern California, CA, USA
| | - Steven T. Rosen
- Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Mingye Feng
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
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22
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Kurz E, Keller M, Schoch W, Stein T, Hirschmüller A, Niederer D. Feasibility, Reliability, and Validity of the Modified Forward Hop Test After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Double- Instead of Single-legged Landing is Reliable and Results in Greater Hopping Distance. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2024; 105:710-716. [PMID: 38016495 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the feasibility, reliability, and validity of the Modified forward hop (MFH) test in participants after ACL reconstruction (ACLR). DESIGN Reliability study. SETTING Assessments were administered at different clinical locations in Germany and Switzerland by the same 2 investigators. PARTICIPANTS Forty-eight active individuals participated in this study (N=48). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The participants performed MFHs and Forward hops for distance in a predetermined order. The feasibility of the MFH was quantified with proportions of successfully executed attempts and Pearson's χ2 test. Its reliability was estimated using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and standard error of measurement (SEM). Test validity was explored using Pearson's product moment correlation analyses. RESULTS Fewer failed attempts were recorded among the participants (age: 30 [Standard deviation 11] years; 22 women, 26 (13) months post-surgery) when compared with the Forward hop for distance test (25/288 trials; 9% vs 72/288 trials; 25%). Within-session ICC values were excellent (>0.95) for both types of Forward hop tests, independent of the side examined. The SEM values were comparable between the Modified (injured: 5.6 cm, uninjured: 5.9 cm) and the classic Forward hop (injured: 4.3 cm, uninjured: 7.2 cm). CONCLUSION The MFH is a feasible, reliable, and valid tool for judging neuromuscular performance after ACLR. If the aim of a hop for distance incorporates enhanced perceived or real landing safety, landing on both feet should be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Kurz
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany; OSINSTITUT, ortho & sport, Munich, Germany.
| | | | - Wolfgang Schoch
- PULZ, Physiotherapie und Lauftherapie Zentrum im Rieselfeld, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Stein
- SPORTHOLOGICUM Frankfurt - Center for Sport and Joint Injuries, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Daniel Niederer
- Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Physiology, Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Sadiqi S, de Gendt EEA, Muijs SPJ, Post MWM, Benneker LM, Holas M, Tee JW, Albers CE, Häckel S, Svac J, Bransford RJ, El-Sharkawi MM, Kandziora F, Rajasekaran S, Schnake KJ, Vaccaro AR, Oner FC. Validation of the AO Spine CROST (Clinician Reported Outcome Spine Trauma) in the clinical setting. Eur Spine J 2024; 33:1607-1616. [PMID: 38367026 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-024-08145-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate feasibility, internal consistency, inter-rater reliability, and prospective validity of AO Spine CROST (Clinician Reported Outcome Spine Trauma) in the clinical setting. METHODS Patients were included from four trauma centers. Two surgeons with substantial amount of experience in spine trauma care were included from each center. Two separate questionnaires were administered at baseline, 6-months and 1-year: one to surgeons (mainly CROST) and another to patients (AO Spine PROST-Patient Reported Outcome Spine Trauma). Descriptive statistics were used to analyze patient characteristics and feasibility, Cronbach's α for internal consistency. Inter-rater reliability through exact agreement, Kappa statistics and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Prospective analysis, and relationships between CROST and PROST were explored through descriptive statistics and Spearman correlations. RESULTS In total, 92 patients were included. CROST showed excellent feasibility results. Internal consistency (α = 0.58-0.70) and reliability (ICC = 0.52 and 0.55) were moderate. Mean total scores between surgeons only differed 0.2-0.9 with exact agreement 48.9-57.6%. Exact agreement per CROST item showed good results (73.9-98.9%). Kappa statistics revealed moderate agreement for most CROST items. In the prospective analysis a trend was only seen when no concerns at all were expressed by the surgeon (CROST = 0), and moderate to strong positive Spearman correlations were found between CROST at baseline and the scores at follow-up (rs = 0.41-0.64). Comparing the CROST with PROST showed no specific association, nor any Spearman correlations (rs = -0.33-0.07). CONCLUSIONS The AO Spine CROST showed moderate validity in a true clinical setting including patients from the daily clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Sadiqi
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Erin E A de Gendt
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sander P J Muijs
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel W M Post
- Rehabilitation Center 'De Hoogstraat', Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Rehabilitation, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lorin M Benneker
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Holas
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Slovak Medical University, F. D. Roosevelt University General Hospital, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia
| | - Jin W Tee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christoph E Albers
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sonja Häckel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Juraj Svac
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Slovak Medical University, F. D. Roosevelt University General Hospital, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia
| | - Richard J Bransford
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington/Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mohammad M El-Sharkawi
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | | | - Klaus J Schnake
- Center for Spinal and Scoliosis Surgery, Malteser Waldkrankenhaus St. Marien, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander R Vaccaro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rothman Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - F Cumhur Oner
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Jeong HJ, Reimann GE, Durham EL, Archer C, Stier AJ, Moore TM, Pines JR, Berman MG, Kaczkurkin AN. Early life stress and functional network topology in children. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2024; 66:101367. [PMID: 38518431 PMCID: PMC10979136 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain networks are continuously modified throughout development, yet this plasticity can also make functional networks vulnerable to early life stress. Little is currently known about the effect of early life stress on the functional organization of the brain. The current study investigated the association between environmental stressors and network topology using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM (ABCD®) Study. Hierarchical modeling identified a general factor of environmental stress, representing the common variance across multiple stressors, as well as four subfactors including familial dynamics, interpersonal support, neighborhood SES deprivation, and urbanicity. Functional network topology metrics were obtained using graph theory at rest and during tasks of reward processing, inhibition, and affective working memory. The general factor of environmental stress was associated with less specialization of networks, represented by lower modularity at rest. Local metrics indicated that general environmental stress was also associated with less efficiency in the subcortical-cerebellar and visual networks while showing greater efficiency in the default mode network at rest. Subfactors of environmental stress were associated with differences in specialization and efficiency in select networks. The current study illustrates that a wide range of stressors in a child's environment are associated with differences in brain network topology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jung Jeong
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | | | - E Leighton Durham
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Camille Archer
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Andrew J Stier
- Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Tyler M Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Julia R Pines
- The Columbia Center for Eating Disorders, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Marc G Berman
- Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; The University of Chicago Neuroscience Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Danilkowicz RM, Hurley ET, Hinton ZW, Meyer LE, Cheah JW, Hutyra C, Poehlein E, Green CL, Mather RC. Association between sleep dys function and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System scores in patients with rotator cuff tears. J ISAKOS 2024; 9:143-147. [PMID: 38104945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jisako.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to utilize Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) sleep scores to determine the prevalence of sleep dysfunction and its association with other PROMIS scores in patients with rotator cuff tears (RCT). METHODS Patients were retrospectively identified using the International Classification of Diseases-10 codes for RCT pathology, and PROMIS outcomes were assessed at multiple visits between November 2017 and February 2020. Generalized linear mixed effects models were fitted with PROMIS sleep score as the predictor variable and other PROMIS scores as the response variable. Additionally, models were fit using a clinically significant dichotomization of PROMIS sleep scores to assess differences in average PROMIS scores. RESULTS The study cohort included 481 patients, 201 (41.8 %) of whom had disrupted sleep at first visit. A higher percentage of those with disrupted sleep at first visit were female, nonwhite, and not married compared to those with normal sleep. PROMIS scores at first visit differed by sleep category. Higher PROMIS sleep scores were associated with higher anxiety, depression, fatigue, pain intensity, and pain interference scores and lower physical function, social participation, and upper extremity scores. Relationships were similar when dichotomous PROMIS sleep scores were considered. CONCLUSION There was a high prevalence of sleep dysfunction in patients with RCT. Sleep disturbance is associated with increased anxiety, depression, fatigue, pain intensity, pain interference and decreased physical function, social participation, and upper extremity function in patients with RCTs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III Retrospective Cohort Study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard M Danilkowicz
- Duke University Hospital, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Sports Medicine, 311 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Eoghan T Hurley
- Duke University Hospital, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Sports Medicine, 311 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Zoe W Hinton
- Duke University Hospital, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Sports Medicine, 311 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Lucy E Meyer
- Duke University Hospital, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Sports Medicine, 311 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jonathan W Cheah
- Duke University Hospital, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Sports Medicine, 311 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Carolyn Hutyra
- Duke University Hospital, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Sports Medicine, 311 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Emily Poehlein
- Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, 311 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Cynthia L Green
- Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, 311 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Richard C Mather
- Duke University Hospital, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Sports Medicine, 311 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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26
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Roh JL. Scarless Excision of Second Branchial Cleft Cyst via Retroauricular Hairline Incision. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2024; 48:1264-1270. [PMID: 38097689 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-023-03770-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Second branchial cleft cyst (2nd BCC) is treated by complete excision. Conventional transcervical skin incision on the lesion may leave a prominent scar in the cosmetically sensitive area. The retroauricular hairline incision (RAHI) approach may maintain neurological, mobility, and cosmetic functions of the neck and face after excision. This study evaluated the clinical outcomes and disease control of scarless surgery via RAHI in 57 consecutive patients with 2nd BCC. METHODS The patients received the prospective evaluation of postoperative neurological, subjective pain, swallowing, neck motion, and cosmetic functions. Postoperative complications, subjective satisfaction, and recurrence were also assessed in each patient. RESULTS Excision was performed in all cases without injury to the facial nerve or other neurological complications and conversion to other incisions or approaches with a median operation time of 44 min. Complications were minimal, without dysphagia, neurological deficits, or limited neck motion. Postoperative incision scars in the postauricular and hairline region were commonly invisible. Subjective satisfaction with the scar and facial deformity was high after surgery. No patients had a recurrence for a median follow-up of 66 months. CONCLUSION The RAHI approach for 2nd BCC has excellent cosmetic, functional, and disease control outcomes. This can be safely applied to the treatment of 2nd BCC. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Lyel Roh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Science, General Graduate School, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
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Yang F, Wen X, Xie S, He X, Qu G, Zhang X, Sun S, Luo Z, Liu Z, Lin Q. Characterization of lipid composition and nutritional quality of yak ghee at different altitudes: A quantitative lipidomic analysis. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101166. [PMID: 38322764 PMCID: PMC10844969 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Efficient and comprehensive analysis of lipid profiles in yak ghee samples collected from different elevations is crucial for optimal utilization of these resources. Unfortunately, such research is relatively rare. Yak ghee collected from three locations at different altitudes (S2: 2986 m; S5: 3671 m; S6: 4508 m) were analyzed by quantitative lipidomic. Our analysis identified a total of 176 lipids, and 147 s lipid of them were upregulated and 29 lipids were downregulated. These lipids have the potential to serve as biomarkers for distinguishing yak ghee from different altitudes. Notably, S2 exhibited higher levels of fatty acids (21:1) and branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (14:0/18:0), while S5 showed increased levels of phosphatidylserine (O-20:0/19:1) and glycerophosphoric acid (19:0/22:1). S6 displayed higher levels of triacylglycerol (17:0/20:5/22:3), ceramide alpha-hydroxy fatty acid-sphingosine (d17:3/34:2), and acyl glucosylceramides (16:0-18:0-18:1). Yak ghee exhibited a high content of neutralizing glycerophospholipids and various functional lipids, including sphingolipids and 21 newly discovered functional lipids. Our findings provide insights into quantitative changes in yak ghee lipids during different altitudes, development of yak ghee products, and screening of potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyan Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, Changsha Engineering Research Center of Food Storage and Preservation, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, Changsha Engineering Research Center of Food Storage and Preservation, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Siwei Xie
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, Changsha Engineering Research Center of Food Storage and Preservation, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Xudong He
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, Changsha Engineering Research Center of Food Storage and Preservation, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Guangfan Qu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, Changsha Engineering Research Center of Food Storage and Preservation, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, Changsha Engineering Research Center of Food Storage and Preservation, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Shuguo Sun
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, Changsha Engineering Research Center of Food Storage and Preservation, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Zhang Luo
- College of Food Science, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi 860000, Tibet, China
| | - Zhendong Liu
- College of Food Science, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi 860000, Tibet, China
| | - Qinlu Lin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, Changsha Engineering Research Center of Food Storage and Preservation, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
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Gray N, Shaikh J, Cowley A, Goosey-Tolfrey V, Logan P, Quraishi N, Booth V. The effect of early mobilisation (< 14 days) on pathophysiological and functional outcomes in animals with induced spinal cord injury: a systematic review with meta-analysis. BMC Neurosci 2024; 25:20. [PMID: 38528450 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-024-00862-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The optimum time to mobilise (standing, walking) following spinal cord injury (SCI) is unknown but may have implications for patient outcomes. There are no high-quality experimental studies that examine this issue, with a paucity of guidance for clinicians. Pre-clinical studies lead research in this field and can contribute to knowledge and support future clinical practice. OBJECTIVE to evaluate the effect of early compared to no mobilisation on pathophysiological and functional outcomes in animals with induced SCI. METHODS A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted by searching pre-clinical literature in MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Ovid), Web of Science, OpenGrey, and EThOS (June 2023). Studies were included of any research method giving numerical results comparing pathophysiological and functional outcomes in rats and mice mobilised within 14-days of induced SCI to those that did not mobilise. Data were synthesised using random-effects meta-analyses. The quality of the evidence was assessed using the CAMARADES checklist. The certainty of findings was reported using the GRADE approach. This study is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023437494). RESULTS Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria. Outcomes found that Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor levels were greater in those that initiated mobilisation within 14-days of SCI compared to the groups that did not. Mobilisation initiated within 14-days of SCI was also associated with statistically significant functional gains: (Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan locomotor rating score (BBB) = 2.13(0-21), CI 1.43, 2.84, Ladder Rung Walking Task = - 12.38(0-100), CI 20.01, - 4.76). Meta-analysis identified the greatest functional gains when mobilisation was initiated within 3 days of SCI (BBB = 3.00, CI 2.31-3.69, p < 0.001), or when delivered at low intensity (BBB = 2.88, CI 2.03-3.70, p < 0.001). Confidence in the findings from this review was low to moderate due to the risk of bias and mixed methodological quality. CONCLUSION Mobilisation instigated within 14-days of injury, may be an effective way of improving functional outcomes in animal models following SCI, with delays potentially detrimental to recovery. Outcomes from this study support further research in this field to guide future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Gray
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Junaid Shaikh
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Alison Cowley
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Vicky Goosey-Tolfrey
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Loughborough, Loughborough, UK
| | - Pip Logan
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nasir Quraishi
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Vicky Booth
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
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Li C, Yang L, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Li X, Yang K, Chen M. Molecular Cloning and Functional Analysis of Secretory Phospholipase A 2 from Apostichopus japonicus. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10738-0. [PMID: 38502458 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10738-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) plays important roles in phospholipid metabolism, skin barrier maintenance, immune response and other processes in organisms. sPLA2 of sea cucumber A. japonicus (AjPLA2) has not yet been reported. This study successfully amplified the AjPLA2 sequence. The total cDNA of AjPLA2 is 931 bp, including a 480 bp ORF that encodes 159 amino acids. The AjPLA2 protein includes a 16-aa signal peptide, a 5-aa precursor peptide and a 138-aa mature peptide. Homologous alignment showed that AjPLA2 and the sPLA2s from starfish have the typical domains of the Group IB sPLA2. And additional amino acid sequences were found around the β-Wing, which is different from the Group IB sPLA2. These results showed that AjPLA2 and sPLA2s from starfish all belong to a new group in the Group I sPLA2 family. AjPLA2 is widely distributed in sea cucumber tissues. The functional analysis also showed that AjPLA2 was upregulated in the intestine by feeding. When the body wall was damaged, it was significantly upregulated around the wound. And the expression levels of AjPLA2 were significantly increased in V. splendens-infected sea cucumbers. The results indicated that AjPLA2 plays roles in the sea cucumber immunologic process. Combined with the upregulation of unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) content in A. japonicus, it demonstrated that AjPLA2 could participate in the immune of A. japonicus by hydrolyzing phospholipid and releasing PUFAs. This study had a solid foundation for the further research of AjPLA2 gene function in vivo, development and application of AjPLA2 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyun Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
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Feldman DE, Guillemette A, Sanzari J, Youkheang S, Mazer B. Decline in Mobility and Balance in Persons with Post-COVID-19 Condition. Phys Ther 2024:pzae042. [PMID: 38501884 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzae042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) may impact mobility and balance and affect physical function. The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of decline in balance and mobility in individuals with PCC; explore the association between comorbidities and sociodemographic characteristics with decline in balance and mobility; and evaluate correlations between decline in mobility and balance with change in performance of usual activities, personal care, and global health perception. METHODS The design was a cross sectional study of persons with a COVID-19 diagnosis that was confirmed at least 3 months before the study. Those with PCC, defined as those still troubled by symptoms, were evaluated for decline in mobility and balance and with associated clinical and demographic factors using bivariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression. Correlations between decline in mobility and balance were also examined with change in ability to perform usual activities, personal care, and global health perception. RESULTS In 1031 persons with PCC, mobility deteriorated in 44.9% and balance deteriorated in 37.1%. Older age, hospitalization, comorbidities, and obesity were associated with decline in mobility, while decline in balance was associated with older age and comorbidities. Reduced mobility was associated with changes in ability to carry out usual activities (rp = 0.6), conduct personal care (rp = 0.6), and global health status (rp = 0.5). Correlations between decline in balance and these same outcomes were 0.5, 0.5, and 0.45, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Almost half the participants with PCC had reduced mobility and over a third reported deterioration in balance, with associated difficulties with daily functioning. Factors associated with greater decline help identify those most at risk. IMPACT Many people with PCC experience changes in mobility and balance, which can affect functional capacities and lead to physical therapist consultations. Further study should assess specific needs of these patients and determine effective physical therapist interventions to meet these needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debbie Ehrmann Feldman
- École de réadaptation and École de santé publique, Université de Montréal, Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire en réadaptation (CRIR) and Centre de recherche en Santé Publique (CReSP), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Albert Guillemette
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Juliana Sanzari
- École de réadaptation Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Barbara Mazer
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, and Centre for interdisciplinary research in rehabilitation (CRIR), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Bornhöft L, Arvidsson D, Bergenheim A, Börjesson M, Fridolfsson J, Hellgren M, Nordeman L, Larsson ME. Development and feasibility of a function-based preventive intervention for lifestyle-related disorders. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:681. [PMID: 38438859 PMCID: PMC10910714 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The enormous effect of lifestyle-related disorders on health of the global population warrants the development of preventive interventions. Focusing on musculoskeletal health and physical activity may be a way to encourage necessary lifestyle changes by making them more concrete and understandable. The aims of the current study were to develop a function-based preventive intervention aimed at lifestyle-related disorders in physically inactive 40-year-old people and to investigate the feasibility of the intervention. The feasibility study aimed to solve practical and logistical challenges and to develop the intervention based on the experiences of participants and involved clinical personnel according to defined criteria. METHODS Development of the standardised functional examination was based on literature-validated tests and clinical reasoning. Development of a risk profile was based on the functional examination and similar profiles which have already proved feasible. The feasibility of the functional examination and risk profile, together with function-based lifestyle counselling was tested on 27 participants in a pilot study with two physiotherapist examinations over a four-month period. Practical results and feedback from participants and collaborating personnel were examined. RESULTS The functional examination consists of 20 established tests not requiring specialised equipment or training which were deemed relevant for a middle-aged population and a sub-maximal ergometer test. The risk profile consists of seven functional dimensions: cardiovascular fitness, strength in upper extremity, lower extremity and trunk, mobility, balance and posture, and three non-functional dimensions: weight, self-assessed physical activity and pain. Each dimension contains at least two measures. The participants appreciated the intervention and found it motivating for making lifestyle changes. They found the tests and risk profile understandable and could see them as tools to help achieve concrete goals. The examination required 60-75 min for one physiotherapist. The recruitment rate was low and recruited participants were highly motivated to making lifestyle changes. CONCLUSION This project developed a functional test battery and risk profile aimed at inactive 40-year-olds which fulfilled our feasibility criteria. Functional screening and lifestyle counselling were found to be of value to a sub-group of inactive 40-year-olds who were already motivated to improve their health situations. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05535296 first posted on 10/09/2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Bornhöft
- Research, Education, Development, Innovation and Implementation, Primary Health Care, .
- Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Primary Care Rehabilitation, Närhälsan Torslanda Rehabilitation Clinic, Gothenburg, Region Västra Götaland, Sweden.
| | - Daniel Arvidsson
- Center for Health and Performance, Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Science, Faculty of Education, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Bergenheim
- Research, Education, Development, Innovation and Implementation, Primary Health Care
- Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mats Börjesson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Center for Lifestyle Intervention, Department of MGAÖ, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Region Västra Götaland, Sweden
| | - Jonatan Fridolfsson
- Center for Health and Performance, Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Science, Faculty of Education, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Margareta Hellgren
- General practice - Family medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- The Skaraborg Institute, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Lena Nordeman
- Research, Education, Development, Innovation and Implementation, Primary Health Care
- Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Eh Larsson
- Research, Education, Development, Innovation and Implementation, Primary Health Care
- Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Chen J, Rashid A, Wang S, Liu X, Gao G. Metabolisms and multiple functions of laminaran in marine algae under global change: A critical review. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 327:121652. [PMID: 38171655 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Laminaran is a major storage of carbohydrate in marine algae. Its high content and potential functions draw increasing attention. However, our understanding of its metabolisms and functions is still fragmented. After reviewing, marine algae exhibit a spectacular capacity of laminaran accumulation especially in the diatom Odontella aurita (65 % DW). Marine particulate organic carbon (POC) also has high contents of laminaran (42 ± 21 % DW). Laminaran shows a diel variation trend in marine algae, the content of which increases in the day but decreases at night. Laminaran also significantly accumulates in the stationary phase of algal growth. Furthermore, the metabolic pathway of laminaran and the remolding carbon mechanism in response to marine nitrogen limitation are proposed and comprehensively discussed. Laminaran production in marine phytoplankton is predicted to increase in future warmer and CO2-enriched oceans. Laminaran has diverse biological functions, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-cancer, immunomodulatory, wound healing, and prebiotics. In addition, laminaran is also a major carbon storage compound in marine algae, suggesting its significant ecological function in marine carbon cycle. This study provides new insight into algal laminaran functions and its response mechanisms to environmental and climate changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, College of Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Azhar Rashid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | - Shuqi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, College of Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, College of Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
| | - Guang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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Yang Z, Zhang Y, Jin G, Lei D, Liu Y. Insights into the impact of modification methods on the structural characteristics and health functions of pectin: A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129851. [PMID: 38307429 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Pectin is a complex polysaccharide that is widely present in plant cells and has multiple physiological functions. However, most pectin exists in the form of protopectin, which has a large molecular weight and cannot be fully absorbed and utilized in the human gut to exert its effects. The significant differences in the structure of different sources of pectin also limited their application in the food and medical fields. In order to achieve greater development and utilization of pectin functions, this paper reviewed several commonly used methods for pectin modification from physical, chemical, and biological perspectives, and elaborated on the relationship between these modification methods and the structure and functional properties of pectin. At the same time, the functional characteristics of modified pectin and its application in medical health, such as regulating intestinal health, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and drug transport, were reviewed, so as to provide a theoretical basis for targeted modification of pectin and the development of new modified pectin products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Yang
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guoxuan Jin
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dengwen Lei
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Ribeiro DC, Lamb SE, Abbott JH. Mediators of the effects of exercise and manual therapy for people with knee and hip osteoarthritis: A secondary, exploratory analysis of the MOA trial. Osteoarthr Cartil Open 2024; 6:100431. [PMID: 38304412 PMCID: PMC10832273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2023.100431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore whether pain beliefs and functional strength mediate the treatment effect of manual therapy (MT) and exercise therapy (ET) on the Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) composite scores and its subscales in individuals with hip and/or knee osteoarthritis in the MOA trial. Design Secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial that compared the incremental effects of supervised MT and ET in addition to usual care in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee. 206 participants enrolled in the MOA trial were analysed. The primary outcome measure was the WOMAC composite score after 1 year. Results Pain belief mediated the effect of MT (b: -10.7, 95 % CI: -22.3, -0.9), ET (b: -14.5 95%CI: -26.0, -4.4). Functional strength did not mediate the effect of MT, ET, or MT + ET. Mediation sensitivity analyses suggest findings are likely to change if small confounding between those mediators and WOMAC composite score is present. Conclusions We identified possible mediators of MT and ET. Future confirmatory studies could be designed to assess the mechanisms through which manual therapy and exercise cause improvements in pain and function scores in patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cury Ribeiro
- Centre for Health, Activity and Rehabilitation Research, School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sarah E. Lamb
- University of Exeter Medical School, St Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - J. Haxby Abbott
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Jensen CE, Deal AM, Nyrop KA, Logan M, Mangieri NJ, Strayhorn MD, Miller J, Muss HB, Lichtman EI, Rubinstein SM, Tuchman SA. Geriatric assessment-guided interventions for older adults with multiple myeloma: A feasibility and acceptability study. J Geriatr Oncol 2024; 15:101680. [PMID: 38104482 PMCID: PMC10922464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2023.101680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Geriatric assessment (GA)-guided supportive care programs have been successful in improving treatment outcomes for older adults with solid-organ cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a GA-guided supportive care program among older adults treated for multiple myeloma (MM). MATERIALS AND METHODS The study utilized an existing registry of adults with plasma cell disorders at the University of North Carolina. Patients with MM, aged 60 or older, and having a GA-identified deficit in one or more problem area were offered referrals to supportive care resources during routine visits. Problem areas included physical function deficits, polypharmacy, and anxiety or depression. Patients with physical function deficits were offered referral to physical therapy (PT), those with polypharmacy to an Oncology Clinical Pharmacist Practitioner (CPP), and those with mental health symptoms to the Comprehensive Cancer Support Program (CCSP). RESULTS Of the 58 individuals identified as having at least one deficit on the GA, PT was the most commonly identified relevant resource (79%), followed by CPP visits (57%). Among individuals that were offered referral(s) to at least one new supportive care resource, the acceptance rate was 50%. Referral acceptance rates were highest among those recommended for a CPP visit (55% of those approached) and lowest for CCSP (0%). DISCUSSION The study examined the feasibility and acceptability of a referral program for supportive care resources among older adults with MM who have deficits on GA. The most commonly identified deficit was physical functioning, followed by polypharmacy and mental health. The study found that physical interventions and referrals to CPPs were the most accepted interventions. However, the low proportion of patients who accepted physical therapy referrals indicates the need for tailored and more personalized approaches. Further research is needed to explore the feasibility and impact of supportive care referral programs for older adults with MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher E Jensen
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 170 Manning Drive, Physicians Office Building, CB# 7305, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Allison M Deal
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Kirsten A Nyrop
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 170 Manning Drive, Physicians Office Building, CB# 7305, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Maya Logan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Nicholas J Mangieri
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Martha D Strayhorn
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Jordan Miller
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Hyman B Muss
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 170 Manning Drive, Physicians Office Building, CB# 7305, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Eben I Lichtman
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 170 Manning Drive, Physicians Office Building, CB# 7305, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Samuel M Rubinstein
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 170 Manning Drive, Physicians Office Building, CB# 7305, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Sascha A Tuchman
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 170 Manning Drive, Physicians Office Building, CB# 7305, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Broadbent LM, Rothnie AJ, Simms J, Bill RM. Classifying tetraspanins: A universal system for numbering residues and a proposal for naming structural motifs and subfamilies. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2024; 1866:184265. [PMID: 38154528 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2023.184265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
All tetraspanins have four transmembrane domains (TMs). The large extracellular loop (LEL) that connects the third and fourth TMs contains multiple secondary structures together with the family's signature Cys-Cys-Gly motif. These intriguing membrane proteins are involved in diverse and incompletely understood cellular processes including cell adhesion, tissue differentiation, immune cell maturation and host-parasite interactions. Here we present a classification system that accurately describes the position of each amino acid within its primary sequence based on both sequence and topological conservation of the TMs and LEL. This builds on the numbering systems that have been used in the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) field for nearly three decades and which have aided the understanding of GPCR structure/activity relationships and ligand interactions. The high-resolution structures of the tetraspanins CD81, CD9, CD53 and Tspan15 were used to validate the structural relevance of our new tetraspanin classification system. Modelling of all tetraspanin LELs highlighted flexibility in LEL disulfide bonding across the family and suggests that the structural arrangement of tetraspanin LELs is more complex than previously thought. We therefore propose a new subfamily naming system that addresses this added complexity and facilitates the systematic classification of human tetraspanins, shedding light on all structural motifs within the family. We anticipate that our universal tetraspanin classification system will enable progress in defining how sequence and structure inform function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke M Broadbent
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
| | - Alice J Rothnie
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - John Simms
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Roslyn M Bill
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
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Stosik M, Tokarz-Deptuła B, Deptuła W. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in teleosts against data on ILCs in humans. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2024; 146:109415. [PMID: 38296004 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
It is assumed that cells corresponding to innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in humans, in addition to lymphoid tissue inducer cells (LTi), are also found in teleosts. In this systematic group of organisms, however, they are a poorly understood cell population. In contrast to the data on ILCs in humans, which also remain incomplete despite advanced research, in teleosts, these cells require much more attention. ILCs in teleosts have been presented as cells that may be evolutionary precursors of NK cells or ILCs identified in mammals, including humans. It is a highly heterogeneous group of cells in both humans and fish and their properties, as revealed by studies in humans, are most likely to remain strictly dependent on the location of these cells and the physiological state of the individual from which they originate. They form a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity. The premise of this paper is to review the current knowledge of ILCs in teleosts, taking into account data on similar cells in humans. A review of the knowledge concerning these particular cells, elements of innate immunity mechanisms as equivalent to, or perhaps dominant over, adaptive immunity mechanisms in teleosts, as presented, may inspire the need for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Stosik
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Poland
| | | | - Wiesław Deptuła
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland
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Judson MA. Health-Related Quality of Life Assessment in Sarcoidosis. Clin Chest Med 2024; 45:159-173. [PMID: 38245364 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2023.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is of major concern to patients with sarcoidosis. HRQoL impairment is the most common reason to treat the disease. Advances in patient-reported outcome (PRO) methodology offer the promise to use these instruments to follow quality of life in individual patients with sarcoidosis over time. Several HRQoL issues will be highlighted including their clinical importance, common causes in patients with sarcoidosis, the construction and use of PROs in clinical sarcoidosis trials, methods to adapt PROs to monitor HRQoL in individual patients with sarcoidosis, and the approach to improving HRQoL in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc A Judson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical Center, 16 New Scotland Avenue, MC-91 Division Pulm-CCM, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
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Xu J, Dong Y. Analysis of the gut microbiome associated to PVC biodegradation in yellow mealworms. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2024; 272:116046. [PMID: 38309231 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
The potential of invertebrates in the biodegradation of plastic polymers such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is receiving increasing attention. The present study is aimed to identify the gut microbiome involved in this degradation in yellow mealworms, i.e., the larvae of Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus. The egested PVC polymer experienced a dramatic reduction in both number average molecular weight (Mn) and weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 99.3% and 99.6%, respectively, whereas FTIR analysis revealed chemical alterations. Mass spectrometry analysis identified two potential degradation products: phthalic acid, di(2-propylpentyl) ester and 2-Propenoic acid, tridecyl ester. Further, we used metagenomic sequencing to elucidate the response of the gut microbiome when transitioning from bran to PVC as a food source, identifying four microorganisms actively involved in PVC degradation. Additionally, metagenomic functional analysis of the gut microbiome identified 111 key gene modules that were significantly enriched. In summary, our findings suggest that yellow mealworms adapt to PVC degradation by modifying their gut microbiome both structurally and functionally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianquan Xu
- Jiangxi Modern Institute of Vocational Technology, Nan Chang 330095, China.
| | - Yongquan Dong
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistant Pollutants, Nan Chang 330063, China
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Quesnot A, Mouchel S, Salah SB, Baranes I, Martinez L, Billuart F. Randomized controlled trial of compressive cryotherapy versus standard cryotherapy after total knee arthroplasty: pain, swelling, range of motion and functional recovery. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:182. [PMID: 38419032 PMCID: PMC10900683 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07310-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND After total knee arthroplasty (TKA), patients have limited knee range of motion (ROM), trophic changes and pain. Cryotherapy and compression are recommended in the literature, but no study has shown that cryotherapy and compression combined leads to better results than cryotherapy alone. The primary objective was to compare knee ROM after 21 days of rehabilitation post-TKA between patients who underwent rehabilitation with compressive cryotherapy with those who had cryotherapy alone. The secondary objectives were to compare other trophic, pain and functional outcomes. METHODS Forty patients were randomized into two groups: Standard Cryotherapy (SC = 20, median age 77 years), which applied cold packs along with their rehabilitation; and Compressive Cryotherapy (CC = 20, median age 76 years), which received cold compression. Knee joint's passive and active ROM (primary outcome) were measured with a goniometer. Knee's circumference, fluctuation test, pain at rest and during activity, 6-minute walking test (6MWT) and KOOS questionnaire were secondary outcomes. The groups were compared on D1 (baseline) and D21 of rehabilitation. A survival analysis has compared the groups on D1, D8, D15, D21. RESULTS All subjects had a significant improvement in all the parameters on D21 relative to D1 (p < .05), except for pain at rest (p = .065 for CC and p = .052 for SC). On D21, the CC group had a significantly larger improvement in the joint effusion (p = .002), pain during activity (p = .005), 6MWT (p = .018) and KOOS (p = .004) than the SC group. Based on the survival analysis, the CC group had significantly faster improvement in the joint ROM (p = .011 for flexion and p = .038 for extension) and knee circumference (p = .013) than the SC group. CONCLUSIONS Both cryotherapy methods improved joint ROM, trophic changes, pain and function. Adding dynamic compression to a cryotherapy protocol provided further benefits: a significantly faster improvement in passive knee flexion ROM, a greater reduction of swelling, and pain during activity. Similarly, walking distance and KOOS questionnaire were significantly better for CC. TRIALS REGISTRATION The study was registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov database on 14/09/2023 (identifier: NCT06037824).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Quesnot
- PT. Laboratoire d'analyse du mouvement, Institut de Formation en Masso- Kinésithérapie Saint Michel / Hôpital de la Porte Verte, 6 Avenue du Maréchal Franchet d'Esperey, Versailles, 78000, France
| | - Simon Mouchel
- Département de chirurgie orthopédique, Groupe Hospitalier du Havre, Le Havre cedex, BP24, 76083, France
| | - Salma Ben Salah
- PT. Laboratoire d'analyse du mouvement, Institut de Formation en Masso- Kinésithérapie Saint Michel / Hôpital de la Porte Verte, 6 Avenue du Maréchal Franchet d'Esperey, Versailles, 78000, France
| | - Ilana Baranes
- PT. Laboratoire d'analyse du mouvement, Institut de Formation en Masso- Kinésithérapie Saint Michel / Hôpital de la Porte Verte, 6 Avenue du Maréchal Franchet d'Esperey, Versailles, 78000, France
| | - Lucas Martinez
- PT. Laboratoire d'analyse du mouvement, Institut de Formation en Masso- Kinésithérapie Saint Michel / Hôpital de la Porte Verte, 6 Avenue du Maréchal Franchet d'Esperey, Versailles, 78000, France.
- Unité de Recherche ERPHAN, Versailles, UR 20201, UVSQ, France.
| | - Fabien Billuart
- Unité de Recherche ERPHAN, Versailles, UR 20201, UVSQ, France
- UFR Simone Veil-Santé, avenue de la source de la Biëvre, Université de Paris-Saclay, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
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Jawad AM, Kadhum M, Evans J, Cubitt JJ, Martin N. Recovery of functional independence following major burn: A systematic review. Burns 2024:S0305-4179(24)00049-4. [PMID: 38492981 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2024.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major burn injury, despite advancements in care and prevention, can have a profound impact on long-term morbidity, affecting quality of life and socioeconomic standing. We aim to explore factors predicting recovery of independence, the expected rate and time in majorly burned patients, and the measures of progress used. METHOD A systematic search of four databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, COCHRANE, CINAHL) was conducted for studies reporting outcomes pertaining to physical ability indicative of independent function in adult (>15 y) cohorts who had suffered a major burn (>20% TBSA) up to 30 years after treatment in a developed specialised burn service. Data extracted included factors affecting rate of and time to achievement of function in five independence domains, as well as the outcome measures used. RESULTS 21 eligible studies were included comprising 1298 major burns survivors with a combined mean age of 39.6 y and a mean TBSA of 25.8%. The most significant recurring factors impacting recovery of independent function were older age, female gender, burn severity, prolonged ICU and hospital admission, preceding mental health conditions, and post-acute psychological issues. Exercise-based rehabilitation conferred benefits on major burn patients even over 2 years following injury. Discharge to independent living from hospital occurred in 27% to 97% of patients, while reported return to work rates varied from 52% to 80%. Burns Specific Health Scale-Brief, Functional Independence Measure, and Physical Composite Score (SF-36) were the most widely used outcome scoring systems. CONCLUSION Major burn survivors have protracted recovery with potential for persistent chronic impairments, remaining consistently below baseline levels of function. Non-modifiable factors such as age and gender, and disease characteristics such as burn size with associated physical, physiological and psychosocial sequelae are contributory. Further research is required to explore achievement of specific milestones of major burn and polytrauma critical care patients, while early targeted rehabilitation addressing physical, psychological, and vocational needs has promising potential benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali M Jawad
- Centre for Trauma Sciences, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, UK; Welsh Centre for Burns and Plastic Surgery, Swansea, Wales, UK.
| | - Murtaza Kadhum
- Welsh Centre for Burns and Plastic Surgery, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - Janine Evans
- Welsh Centre for Burns and Plastic Surgery, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | | | - Niall Martin
- Centre for Trauma Sciences, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, UK
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Moezy A, Masoudi S, Nazari A, Abasi A. A controlled randomized trial with a 12-week follow-up investigating the effects of medium-frequency neuromuscular electrical stimulation on pain, VMO thickness, and functionality in patients with knee osteoarthritis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:158. [PMID: 38378564 PMCID: PMC10877797 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07266-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the major contributors to disability in Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients is weakness in the Quadriceps Femoris muscle. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) has been used in rehabilitation for patients suffering from muscle weakness. Thus, the purpose of the study was to assess the effectiveness of NMES and exercise therapy, for improving pain, muscle weakness and function among patients with KOA. METHODS A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 75 female patients diagnosed with KOA. Participants were divided into three intervention groups: NMES-only, exercise therapy (Exs) alone, and a combination of NMES and exercise (NMES + Exs). All patients underwent 12 supervised treatment sessions, three times a week. Outcome measures included pain intensity measured by visual analog scale (VAS), knee flexion range of motion (FROM), thigh muscle girth (TG), thickness of the Vastus Medialis Oblique (VMO), timed up and go test (TUG), six-minute walk test (6MWT), and WOMAC scores. Statistical analyses (ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis) methods were done to compare the amounts at the baseline, immediately after treatment and after 12 weeks. RESULTS The NMES group exhibited a significant reduction in pain at the 12-week follow-up compared to the other groups(p = 0.022). The NMES + Exs group showed better outcomes in terms of FROM, TG, and VMO thickness post-intervention (p < 0.0001, p < 0.004, p = 0.003, respectively) and at the 12-week follow-up (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, respectively). Additionally, NMES was superior in improving TUG and 6MWT post-intervention (p < 0.0001, p = 0.038, respectively) and during the follow-up assessments (p < 0.0001, p = 0.029, respectively). The NMES + Exs group achieved better WOMAC stiffness scores at both post-intervention and follow-up evaluations (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, respectively). Furthermore, at the 12-week follow-up, NMES + Exs group outperformed the others in WOMAC pain and function subscales (p = 0.003, p = 0.017, respectively), while the NMES group demonstrated better WOMAC total scores compared to the other groups (p = 0.007). CONCLUSION The combination of NMES and exercise seems to be an efficient approach for managing KOA, as it enhances knee flexion range and TG, increases VMO thickness, and improves WOMAC scores. On the other hand, NMES alone was found to be effective in improving the physical function of KOA patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION IRCT20101228005486N7 (06-02-2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Azar Moezy
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department, School of Medicine, Hazrate Rasoole Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Sattarkhan Ave, Niayesh St, Tehran, 14455613131, Iran.
| | - Soheila Masoudi
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Nazari
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezoo Abasi
- Department of Health Information Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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MacMullen LE, George-Sankoh I, Stanley K, McCormick EM, Muraresku CC, Goldstein A, Zolkipli-Cunningham Z, Falk MJ. Bridging the clinical-research gap: Harnessing an electronic data capture, integration, and visualization platform to systematically assess prospective patient-reported outcomes in mitochondrial medicine. Mol Genet Metab 2024; 142:108348. [PMID: 38387305 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2024.108348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Optimizing individualized clinical care in heterogeneous rare disorders, such as primary mitochondrial disease (PMD), will require gaining more comprehensive and objective understanding of the patient experience by longitudinally tracking quantifiable patient-specific outcomes and integrating subjective data with clinical data to monitor disease progression and targeted therapeutic effects. METHODS Electronic surveys of patient (and caregiver) reported outcome (PRO) measures were administered in REDCap within clinical domains commonly impaired in patients with PMD in the context of their ongoing routine care, including quality of life, fatigue, and functional performance. Descriptive statistics, group comparisons, and inter-measure correlations were used to evaluate system feasibility, utility of PRO results, and consistency across outcome measure domains. Real-time tracking and visualization of longitudinal individual-level and cohort-level data were facilitated by a customized data integration and visualization system, MMFP-Tableau. RESULTS An efficient PRO electronic capture and analysis system was successfully implemented within a clinically and genetically heterogeneous rare disease clinical population spanning all ages. Preliminary data analyses demonstrated the flexibility of this approach for a range of PROs, as well as the value of selected PRO scales to objectively capture qualitative functional impairment in four key clinical domains. High inter-measure reliability and correlation were observed. Between-group analyses revealed that adults with PMD reported significantly worse quality of life and greater fatigue than did affected children, while PMD patients with nuclear gene disorders reported lower functioning relative to those with an mtDNA gene disorder in several clinical domains. CONCLUSION Incorporation of routine electronic data collection, integration, visualization, and analysis of relevant PROs for rare disease patients seen in the clinical setting was demonstrated to be feasible, providing prospective and quantitative data on key clinical domains relevant to the patient experience. Further work is needed to validate specific PROs in diverse PMD patients and cohorts, and to formally evaluate the clinical impact and utility of harnessing integrated data systems to objectively track and integrate quantifiable PROs in the context of rare disease patient clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E MacMullen
- Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Ibrahim George-Sankoh
- Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America; Department of Bioinformatics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Katelynn Stanley
- Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth M McCormick
- Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Colleen C Muraresku
- Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Amy Goldstein
- Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Zarazuela Zolkipli-Cunningham
- Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Marni J Falk
- Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America.
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Ni T, Zhao RH, Wu JF, Li CY, Xue G, Lin X. KLK7, KLK10, and KLK11 in Papillary Thyroid Cancer: Bioinformatic Analysis and Experimental Validation. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10679-8. [PMID: 38316654 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10679-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Despite many studies on papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in the past few decades, some critical and significant genes remain undiscovered. To explore genes that may play crucial roles in PTC, a detailed analysis of the expression levels, mutations, and clinical significance of Kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) family genes in PTC was undertaken to provide new targets for the precise treatment of the disease. A comprehensive analysis of KLK family genes was performed using various online tools, such as GEPIA, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, LinkedOmics, GSCA, TIMER, and Cluego. KLK7, KLK10, and KLK11 were critical factors of KLK family genes. Then, functional assays were carried out on KLK7/10/11 to determine their proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities in PTC. The mRNA expression levels of KLK7, KLK10, KLK11, and KLK13 were significantly elevated in thyroid carcinoma, while KLK1, KLK2, KLK3 and KLK4 mRNA levels were decreased compared to normal tissues. Correlations between KLK2/7-12/15 expression levels and tumor stage were also observed in thyroid carcinoma. Survival analysis demonstrated that KLK4/5/7/9-12/14 was associated with overall survival in patients with thyroid cancer. Not only were KLK genes strongly associated with cancer-related pathways, but also KLK7/10/11 was associated with immune-cell infiltration. Finally, silencing KLK7/10/11 impaired human papillary thyroid carcinoma cells' growth, migration ability, and invasiveness. The increased expression of KLK7, KLK10, and KLK11 may serve as molecular markers to identify PTC patients. KLK7, KLK10, and KLK11 could be potential prognostic indicators and targets for precision therapy against PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ni
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| | - Ru-Hua Zhao
- Department of Morphology Laboratory, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| | - Jing-Fang Wu
- Department of Morphology Laboratory, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| | - Chao-You Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| | - Gang Xue
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China.
| | - Xu Lin
- Department of Morphology Laboratory, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China.
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Lu Y, Lin YY, Wang J. Recent progress in understanding the intracellular domain's gating and functional roles in trimeric ligand-gated ion channels. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38310082 DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2023-0472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Ligand-gated ion channels are a large category of essential ion channels, whose superfamily members may modulate their state by binding to specific ligands, allowing specific ions to pass through the cell membrane. Purinergic ligand- gated ion channel(P2X)and ASIC (acid-sensitive ion channel) are representative members of trimeric ligand-gated ion channels. Recent studies have shown that structural differences in the intracellular domain of P2X receptors (P2XR) may determine the desensitization process. The lateral fenestrations of P2XR potentially serve as a pathway for ion conduction and play a decisive role in ion selectivity. Phosphorylation of numerous amino acid residues in the P2XR is involved in regulating the activity of ion channels. Additionally, the P2XR interacts with other ligand-gated ion channel such as NMDA receptor, GABA receptor, 5-HT3 receptor and nACh receptor, mediating physiological processes such as synaptic plasticity. Conformational changes in the intracellular domain of the ASICs expose binding sites for intracellular signal partners, facilitating metabolic signal transduction. Amino acids such as Val16, Ser17, Ile18, Gln19 and Ala20 in the ASICs participate in channel opening and membrane expression. ASICs can also bind to intracellular proteins, such as CIPP and p11, to regulate channel function. Many phosphorylation sites at the C-terminus and N-terminus of ASICs are involved in the regulation of receptors. Furthermore, ASICs are involved in various physiological and pathophysiological processes, including pain, ischemic stroke, psychiatric disorders, and neurodegenerative disease. In this article, we review the roles of the intracellular domains of these trimeric ligand-gated ion channels in channel gating as well as their physiological and pathological functions, in order to provide new insights for drug discovery targeting them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yi Yu Lin
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Hofstad JK, Klaksvik J, Klepstad P, Gjeilo KH, Søballe K, Wik TS. Patient-reported outcomes the first thirty days after fast-track primary total hip arthroplasty. A prospective cohort study using a web-based registration tool for postoperative follow-up. Int J Orthop Trauma Nurs 2024; 52:101079. [PMID: 38147803 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijotn.2023.101079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The documentation on patient reported outcomes the first weeks at home following total hip arthroplasty (THA) is sparse. Length of hospital stay after THA is substantially reduced. Therefore, knowledge on whether patients are managing their own postoperative rehabilitation early after discharge is important, in order to give the patients realistic preoperative information, to modify expectations and enable patients to monitor their own rehabilitation process. METHODS Eighty-two THA patients were included in a prospective cohort study. Patient-reported outcomes were collected twice a week thirty days postoperatively using a web-based registration tool. Numeric rating scales (0-10) for pain, function, and quality of life, EQ-5D, and the use of opioids were registered. Four weeks postoperatively a telephone interview were conducted. Pain, EQ5D and hip specific physical function score (HOOS-PS) were recorded preoperatively, at three- and twelve-months follow-up. RESULTS Pain was maintained the first days after hospital discharge. From day 0 to day 30, pain decreased from 4.0 (SD 2.23) to 2.3 (SD 1.75), function improved from 4.4 (SD 2.06) to 7 (SD 1.57), quality of life improved from 6.3 (SD 2.69) to 7.8 (SD 1.47), and EQ-5D improved from 0.4 to (SD 0.27) to 0.7 (SD 0.14). After 30 days, 32% still used opioids. All patients completed the web-registration. Pain, EQ-5D and HOOS-PS improved substantially from preoperatively to twelve months follow-up. CONCLUSION Fast-track THA patients can expect continued postoperative pain and impaired quality of life the first week at home, before gradually improvement. After thirty days, 32 % of the patients still used opioids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne Kristin Hofstad
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Jomar Klaksvik
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Pål Klepstad
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital Trondheim, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology NTNU, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Kari Hanne Gjeilo
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Cardiology St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Kjeld Søballe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Tina Strømdal Wik
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology NTNU, Trondheim, Norway.
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Holingue C, Owusu JT, Tzuang M, Nyhuis CC, Yaffe K, Stone KL, Rebok GW, Ancoli-Israel S, Spira AP. Accelerometer-assessed sleep and decline in physical function in older men. Sleep Health 2024; 10:129-136. [PMID: 38143154 PMCID: PMC10922516 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Assess the prospective association of actigraphically measured sleep with self-report and objective measures of physical function among community-dwelling older men. METHODS Participants were (n = 1496) men aged ≥65 years from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study and ancillary sleep study who were followed up at 4 years for physical function outcomes. Sleep predictors included baseline total sleep time (<6, 6-8 hours [reference], >8 hours), sleep efficiency (<80% or ≥80% [reference]), wake after sleep onset (<90 [reference] or ≥90 minutes), and sleep onset latency (<30 [reference] or ≥30 minutes), measured by wrist actigraphy. Outcomes included self-reported difficulties in mobility and instrumental activities of daily living and objective measures of physical performance (time to complete chair stands, gait speed, grip strength, best narrow walk pace). Multivariable regression models estimated associations between the sleep predictors and change in physical function at follow-up, adjusting for demographic and health-related variables. RESULTS Participants with short average baseline total sleep time (<6 hours) had significantly greater slowing in their walking speed from baseline to follow-up. Participants with long baseline sleep onset latency (≥30 minutes) had significant increases in mobility difficulties and time to complete chair stands. Sleep efficiency and wake after sleep onset were not significantly associated with any outcomes. No sleep predictors were associated with change in instrumental activities of daily living. CONCLUSIONS These findings add to the body of evidence showing links between poor sleep and subsequent declines in physical function. Further experimental research is needed to understand the mechanisms at play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calliope Holingue
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
| | - Jocelynn T Owusu
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Marian Tzuang
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Casandra C Nyhuis
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Katie L Stone
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - George W Rebok
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sonia Ancoli-Israel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Adam P Spira
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Roh JL. Gland preservation with postauricular sulcus approach for benign parotid tumors. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2024; 89:33-39. [PMID: 38128372 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2023.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Gland-preserving surgery has gained popularity for treating benign parotid tumors, offering potential benefits by preserving facial nerve function and salivary secretion while reducing complications. This study aims to evaluate the functional, cosmetic, and disease control outcomes of gland-preserving surgery via a postauricular sulcus incision. METHODS An observational longitudinal investigation encompassed 46 patients undergoing gland-preserving surgery for benign parotid tumors via the postauricular sulcus incision approach. Patient assessments included cosmetic contentment, functional repercussions, and disease management throughout the follow-up. RESULTS Predominantly, tumors were situated in the superficial lobe, with successful application observed in 8 instances (17%) within the deep lobe. Notably, no tumor recurrences were detected during the follow-up period. Postoperative pain remained minimal, accentuated by high patient satisfaction regarding the incision scar and facial symmetry. Furthermore, preservation of facial nerve functionality and salivary secretion was observed. CONCLUSION Gland-preserving surgery via the postauricular sulcus incision technique exemplifies advantageous functional and cosmetic outcomes when addressing benign parotid tumors. This approach presents a secure and efficient alternative, facilitating effective local management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Lyel Roh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, General Graduate School, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
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Long B, Zhou S, Gao Y, Fan K, Lai J, Yao C, Li J, Xu X, Yu S. Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells in Allergy. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2024; 66:64-75. [PMID: 38381299 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-024-08982-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells constitute a distinct subset within the memory T cell population, serving as the vanguard against invading pathogens and antigens in peripheral non-lymphoid tissues, including the respiratory tract, intestines, and skin. Notably, TRM cells adapt to the specific microenvironment of each tissue, predominantly maintaining a sessile state with distinctive phenotypic and functional attributes. Their role is to ensure continuous immunological surveillance and protection. Recent findings have highlighted the pivotal contribution of TRM cells to the modulation of adaptive immune responses in allergic disorders such as allergic rhinitis, asthma, and dermatitis. A comprehensive understanding of the involvement of TRM cells in allergic diseases bears profound implications for allergy prevention and treatment. This review comprehensively explores the phenotypic characteristics, developmental mechanisms, and functional roles of TRM cells, focusing on their intricate relationship with allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojin Long
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Shican Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Yawen Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Kai Fan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Ju Lai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Chunyan Yao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Xiayue Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Shaoqing Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China.
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China.
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Li J, He Y, He C, Xiao L, Wang N, Jiang L, Chen J, Liu K, Chen Q, Gu Y, Ma M, Yu X, Xiang Q, Zhang L, Yang T, Penttinen P, Zou L, Zhao K. Diversity and composition of microbial communities in Jinsha earthen site under different degree of deterioration. Environ Res 2024; 242:117675. [PMID: 37984784 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Earthen sites are the important cultural heritage that carriers of human civilization and contains abundant history information. Microorganisms are one of important factors causing the deterioration of cultural heritage. However, little attention has been paid to the role of biological factors on the deterioration of earthen sites at present. In this study, microbial communities of Jinsha earthen site soils with different deterioration types and degrees as well as related to environmental factors were analyzed. The results showed that the concentrations of Mg2+ and SO42- were higher in the severe deterioration degree soils than in the minor deterioration degree soils. The Chao1 richness and Shannon diversity indices of bacteria in different type deterioration were higher in the summer than in the winter; the Chao1 and Shannon indices of fungi were lower in the summer. The differences in bacterial and fungal communities were associated with differences in Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ contents. Based on both the relative abundances in amplicon sequencing and isolated strains, the bacterial phyla Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, and the Ascomycota genera Aspergillus, Cladosporium and Penicillium were common in all soils. The OTUs enriched in the severe deterioration degree soils were mostly assigned to Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, whereas the Firmicutes OTUs differentially abundant in the severe deterioration degree were all depleted. All bacterial isolates produced alkali, implying that the deterioration on Jinsha earthen site may be accelerated through alkali production. The fungal isolates included both alkali and acid producing strains. The fungi with strong ability to produce acid were mainly from the severe deterioration degree samples and were likely to contribute to the deterioration. Taken together, the interaction between soil microbial communities and environment may affect the soil deterioration, accelerate the deterioration process and threaten the long-term preservation of Jinsha earthen site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625000, China; College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yanqiu He
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625000, China
| | - Changjie He
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625000, China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Chengdu Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Luman Jiang
- Chengdu Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Juncheng Chen
- Chengdu Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Jinsha Site Museum, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610074, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625000, China
| | - Yunfu Gu
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625000, China
| | - Menggen Ma
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625000, China
| | - Xiumei Yu
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625000, China
| | - Quanju Xiang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625000, China
| | - Lingzi Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625000, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Chengdu Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Petri Penttinen
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625000, China
| | - Likou Zou
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625000, China.
| | - Ke Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625000, China.
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