51
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Cha T, Cho S, Kim YT, Lee JH. Rapid aptasensor capable of simply diagnosing prostate cancer. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 62:31-7. [PMID: 24973540 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Using guanine (G)-rich DNA aptamer-conjugated 6-carboxyfluorescein (6-FAM) capable of rapidly capturing prostate specific antigen (PSA) in human serum, cost-effective and simple biosensor with guanine chemiluminescence detection was developed for early diagnosis of prostate cancer. Free G-rich DNA aptamer-conjugated 6-FAM emits bright light in guanine chemiluminescence reaction based on the principle of chemiluminescent resonance energy transfer (CRET). However, G-rich DNA aptamer-conjugated 6-FAM bound with PSA cannot emit light because PSA acts as a strong interference in CRET between 6-FAM and high-energy intermediate formed from the reaction of 3,4,5-trimethoxylphenylglyoxal (TMPG) and guanine of G-rich DNA aptamer. A chemiluminescent biosensor, developed using the different properties of G-rich DNA aptamer-conjugated 6-FAM in the absence and presence of PSA in guanine chemiluminescence reaction, was able to quantify trace levels of PSA in human serum within 30 min without time-consuming and complicated procedures (e.g., multiple incubation and washings) required for conventional immunoassays operated with expensive and intractable antibodies. The limit of detection of chemiluminescent biosensor having a wide linear dynamic range (1.9-125 ng/ml) was 1.0 ng/ml. The excellent correlation (R=0.985) between chemiluminescent biosensor and conventional enzyme immunoassay indicates that the accurate, precise, and rapid chemiluminescent biosensor can be applied as a new method for early diagnosis of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Cha
- Luminescent MD, LLC, Hagerstown, MD 21742, United States; Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology, Alexandria, VA 22312, United States
| | - Sandy Cho
- Luminescent MD, LLC, Hagerstown, MD 21742, United States; McLean High School, McLean, VA 22101, United States
| | - Young Teck Kim
- Department of Wood Science & Forest Products, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Ji Hoon Lee
- Luminescent MD, LLC, Hagerstown, MD 21742, United States.
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52
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Ma DL, He HZ, Chan DSH, Wong CY, Leung CH. A colorimetric and luminescent dual-modal assay for Cu(II) ion detection using an iridium(III) complex. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99930. [PMID: 24927177 PMCID: PMC4057321 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel iridium(III) complex-based chemosensor bearing the 5,6-bis(salicylideneimino)-1,10-phenanthroline ligand receptor was developed, which exhibited a highly sensitive and selective color change from colorless to yellow and a visible turn-off luminescence response upon the addition of Cu(II) ions. The interactions of this iridium(III) complex with Cu2+ ions and thirteen other cations have been investigated by UV-Vis absorption titration, emission titration, and 1H NMR titration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hong-Zhang He
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel Shiu-Hin Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun-Yuen Wong
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
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53
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Guo Y, Cheng J, Wang J, Zhou X, Hu J, Pei R. Label-free logic modules and two-layer cascade based on stem-loop probes containing a G-quadruplex domain. Chem Asian J 2014; 9:2397-401. [PMID: 24909844 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201402199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A simple, versatile, and label-free DNA computing strategy was designed by using toehold-mediated strand displacement and stem-loop probes. A full set of logic gates (YES, NOT, OR, NAND, AND, INHIBIT, NOR, XOR, XNOR) and a two-layer logic cascade were constructed. The probes contain a G-quadruplex domain, which was blocked or unfolded through inputs initiating strand displacement and the obviously distinguishable light-up fluorescent signal of G-quadruplex/NMM complex was used as the output readout. The inputs are the disease-specific nucleotide sequences with potential for clinic diagnosis. The developed versatile computing system based on our label-free and modular strategy might be adapted in multi-target diagnosis through DNA hybridization and aptamer-target interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Guo
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotheranostics, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123 (P.R. China); Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry & Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 (P.R. China)
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54
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Wang J, Sun S, Mu D, Wang J, Sun W, Xiong X, Qiao B, Peng X. A Heterodinuclear Complex OsIr Exhibiting Near-Infrared Dual Luminescence Lights Up the Nucleoli of Living Cells. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500357x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and ‡School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiguo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and ‡School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daozhou Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and ‡School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and ‡School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and ‡School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and ‡School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and ‡School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and ‡School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, People’s Republic of China
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55
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He HZ, Leung KH, Wang W, Chan DSH, Leung CH, Ma DL. Label-free luminescence switch-on detection of T4 polynucleotide kinase activity using a G-quadruplex-selective probe. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:5313-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc47444e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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56
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Xiao Y, Wu Z, Wong KY, Liu Z. Hairpin DNA probes based on target-induced in situ generation of luminescent silver nanoclusters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:4849-52. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc01154f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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57
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Wang D, Wang H, Wang Q, Yang W, Ding Y. Amidate-ancillary benzothienyl iridium(III) complexes: Synthesis, structures, photophysical properties and DFT calculations studies. J Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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58
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Lotfi Zadeh Zhad HR, Lai RY. A Hg(ii)-mediated “signal-on” electrochemical glutathione sensor. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:8385-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03329a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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59
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Roembke BT, Nakayama S, Sintim HO. Nucleic acid detection using G-quadruplex amplification methodologies. Methods 2013; 64:185-98. [PMID: 24135042 PMCID: PMC7129037 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, there has been an explosion in the use of G-quadruplex labels to detect various analytes, including DNA/RNA, proteins, metals and other metabolites. In this review, we focus on strategies for the detection of nucleic acids, using G-quadruplexes as detection labels or as enzyme labels that amplify detection signals. Methods to detect other analytes are briefly mentioned. We highlight various strategies, including split G-quadruplex, hemin-G-quadruplex conjugates, molecular beacon G-quadruplex or inhibited G-quadruplex probes. The tandem use of G-quadruplex labels with various DNA-modifying enzymes, such as polymerases (used for rolling circle amplification), exonucleases and endonucleases, is also discussed. Some of the detection modalities that are discussed in this review include fluorescence, colorimetric, chemiluminescence, and electrochemical methods.
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60
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Leung KH, He HZ, Wang W, Zhong HJ, Chan DSH, Leung CH, Ma DL. Label-free luminescent switch-on detection of endonuclease IV activity using a G-quadruplex-selective iridium(III) complex. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:12249-12253. [PMID: 24245499 DOI: 10.1021/am404314p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report herein the synthesis and application of a novel G-quadruplex-selective luminescent iridium(III) complex [Ir(ppy)2(bcp)](+) (where ppy = 2-phenylpyridine and bcp = 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) for the sensitive detection of apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease activity. Using endonuclease IV (Endo IV) as a model enzyme, a duplex DNA substrate containing a G-quadruplex-forming sequence is cleaved by Endo IV at the abasic site. This releases the G-quadruplex sequence, which folds into a G-quadruplex and is recognised by the G-quadruplex-selective iridium(III) complex with an enhanced luminescence response. The assay achieved high sensitivity and selectivity for Endo IV over other tested enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Ho Leung
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
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61
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Combination of a modified block PCR and endonuclease IV-based signal amplification system for ultra-sensitive detection of low-abundance point mutations. Methods 2013; 64:255-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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62
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He HZ, Chan WI, Mak TY, Liu LJ, Wang M, Chan DSH, Ma DL, Leung CH. Detection of 3′→5′ exonuclease activity using a metal-based luminescent switch-on probe. Methods 2013; 64:218-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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63
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G-quadruplexes as sensing probes. Molecules 2013; 18:14760-79. [PMID: 24288003 PMCID: PMC6270327 DOI: 10.3390/molecules181214760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Guanine-rich sequences of DNA are able to create tetrastranded structures known as G-quadruplexes; they are formed by the stacking of planar G-quartets composed of four guanines paired by Hoogsteen hydrogen bonding. G-quadruplexes act as ligands for metal ions and aptamers for various molecules. Interestingly, the G-quadruplexes form a complex with anionic porphyrin hemin and exhibit peroxidase-like activity. This review focuses on overview of sensing techniques based on G-quadruplex complexes with anionic porphyrins for detection of various analytes, including metal ions such as K+, Ca2+, Ag+, Hg2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Sr2+, organic molecules, nucleic acids, and proteins. Principles of G-quadruplex-based detection methods involve DNA conformational change caused by the presence of analyte which leads to a decrease or an increase in peroxidase activity, fluorescence, or electrochemical signal of the used probe. The advantages of various detection techniques are also discussed.
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64
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65
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Leung KH, Lu L, Wang M, Mak TY, Chan DSH, Tang FK, Leung CH, Kwan HY, Yu Z, Ma DL. A label-free luminescent switch-on assay for ATP using a G-quadruplex-selective iridium(III) complex. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77021. [PMID: 24204723 PMCID: PMC3808368 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report herein the G-quadruplex-selective property of a luminescent cyclometallated iridium(III) complex for the detection of adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) in aqueous solution. The ATP-binding aptamer was employed as the ATP recognition unit, while the iridium(III) complex was used to monitor the formation of the G-quadruplex structure induced by ATP. The sensitivity and fold enhancement of the assay were higher than those of the previously reported assay using the organic dye crystal violet as a fluorescent probe. This label-free luminescent switch-on assay exhibits high sensitivity and selectivity towards ATP with a limit of detection of 2.5 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Ho Leung
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lihua Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Modi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tsun-Yin Mak
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel Shiu-Hin Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fung-Kit Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Hiu-Yee Kwan
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhiling Yu
- Center for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
- * E-mail:
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66
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Su X, Zhang C, Zhu X, Fang S, Weng R, Xiao X, Zhao M. Simultaneous fluorescence imaging of the activities of DNases and 3' exonucleases in living cells with chimeric oligonucleotide probes. Anal Chem 2013; 85:9939-46. [PMID: 24016314 DOI: 10.1021/ac402615c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Real-time fluorescence imaging of the activity of nucleases in living cells has been a difficult issue because of unintended degradation of the natural oligonucleotides by nontarget nucleases or interactions with other proteins. In this work, we demonstrate two types of highly selective, sensitive, and robust oligonucleotide probes for simultaneous imaging of the activities of two different nucleases in living cells. The probes consist of the desired substrate structure of the target nuclease and partially phosphorothioate modified backbone labeled with fluorophore and quencher for protection from undesired degradation by other nucleases and signal transduction. Upon reaction with the target nuclease, the initially fluorescence quenched probe was cleaved and the fluorophore was separated from the quencher, giving out strong fluorescence signals. Two nucleases, DNase I and Exonuclease III, were employed as model enzymes to demonstrate the concept. In vitro studies proved that the two probes could discriminate their respective target nucleases in serum with high resistance to other coexisting enzymes. The lower limits of detection for DNase I and Exonuclease III were observed to be 40 U/L and 2.0 U/L, respectively. By labeling the two probes with different fluorophores and quenchers, simultaneous visualization of the activities of DNases and 3' exonucleases was achieved in both HeLa cells and the suspension cells of Arabidopsis thaliana. The developed approaches may greatly facilitate the studies on the intracellular functions of the two nucleases and other related biological processes. The probe design concept may also be further adapted to the detection of many other nucleases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Su
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing, 100871, China
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67
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Ma DL, He HZ, Leung KH, Zhong HJ, Chan DSH, Leung CH. Label-free luminescent oligonucleotide-based probes. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:3427-40. [PMID: 23348604 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35472a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Breakthrough advances in chemistry and biology over the last two decades have vastly expanded the repertoire of nucleic acid structure and function with potential application in multiple areas of science and technology, including sensing and analytical applications. DNA oligonucleotides represent popular tools for the development of sensing platforms due to their low cost, rich structural polymorphism, and their ability to bind to cognate ligands with sensitivity and specificity rivaling those for protein enzymes and antibodies. In this review, we give an overview of the "label-free" approach that has been a particular focus of our group and others for the construction of luminescent DNA-based sensing platforms. The label-free strategy aims to overcome some of the drawbacks associated with the use of covalently-labeled oligonucleotides prevalent in electrochemical and optical platforms. Label-free DNA-based probes harness the selective interaction between luminescent dyes and functional oligonucleotides that exhibit a "structure-switching" response upon binding to analytes. Based on the numerous examples of label-free luminescent DNA-based probes reported recently, we envisage that this field would continue to thrive and mature in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
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68
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He HZ, Wang M, Chan DSH, Leung CH, Qiu JW, Ma DL. A label-free G-quadruplex-based luminescent switch-on assay for the selective detection of histidine. Methods 2013; 64:205-11. [PMID: 23891801 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 07/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A label-free G-quadruplex-based luminescent switch-on assay has been developed for the selective detection of micromolar histidine in aqueous solution. In this study, an iridium(III) complex was employed as a G-quadruplex-specific luminescent probe while a guanine-rich oligonucleotide (Pu27, 5'-TG4AG3TG4AG3TG4A2G2-3')/cupric ion (Cu(2+)) ensemble was employed as a recognition unit for histidine. The initial luminescence of the iridium(III) complex in the presence of G-quadruplex DNA is effectively quenched by Cu(2+) ions due to the Cu(2+)-mediated unfolding of the G-quadruplex motif. The addition of histidine sequesters Cu(2+) ions from the ensemble, thereby restoring the luminescence of the system. The assay could detect down to 1 μM of histidine in aqueous media, and also exhibited good selectivity for histidine over other amino acids with the use of the cysteine, masking agent N-ethylmaleimide. Furthermore, the application of the assay for the detection of histidine in diluted urine samples was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Zhang He
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
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69
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Ma DL, He HZ, Leung KH, Chan DSH, Leung CH. Bioactive Luminescent Transition-Metal Complexes for Biomedical Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:7666-7682. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201208414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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70
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A parallel G-quadruplex-selective luminescent probe for the detection of nanomolar calcium(II) ion. Methods 2013; 64:212-7. [PMID: 23876936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A parallel G-quadruplex-selective iridium(III) complex has been synthesized and employed as a luminescent probe in a label-free G-quadruplex-based detection assay for Ca(2+) ions in aqueous solution. In this assay, a guanine-rich oligonucleotide (G4, 5'-G4T4G4-3') initially exists in an antiparallel G-quadruplex conformation, resulting in a low luminescence signal. Upon incubation with Ca(2+) ions, the antiparallel G-quadruplex is induced into a parallel G-quadruplex conformation, which greatly enhances the luminescence emission of the iridium(III) probe. This method was highly sensitive for Ca(2+) ions with a limit of detection in the nanomolar range, and was selective for Ca(2+) over other metal ions.
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71
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Ma DL, He HZ, Leung KH, Chan DSH, Leung CH. Bioaktive lumineszierende Übergangsmetallkomplexe für biomedizinische Anwendungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201208414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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72
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Helms M, Lin Z, Gong L, Harms K, Meggers E. Method for the Preparation of Nonracemic Bis-Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201300411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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73
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Leung KH, He HZ, Zhong HJ, Lu L, Chan DSH, Ma DL, Leung CH. A highly sensitive G-quadruplex-based luminescent switch-on probe for the detection of polymerase 3'-5' proofreading activity. Methods 2013; 64:224-8. [PMID: 23748144 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We report herein a luminescent switch-on label-free G-quadruplex-based assay for the rapid and sensitive detection of polymerase proofreading activity using a novel iridium(III) complex as a G-quadruplex-selective probe. The interaction of the iridium(III) complex with the G-quadruplex motif facilitates the highly sensitive switch-on detection of polymerase proofreading activity. Using T4 DNA polymerase (T4 pol) as a model enzyme, the assay achieved high sensitivity and selectivity for T4 pol over other tested enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Ho Leung
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
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74
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Leung KH, He HZ, Ma VPY, Chan DSH, Leung CH, Ma DL. A luminescent G-quadruplex switch-on probe for the highly selective and tunable detection of cysteine and glutathione. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013. [PMID: 23192322 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc37710a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A G-quadruplex-selective luminescent iridium(III) switch-on probe has been developed for the detection of cysteine (Cys) in aqueous solution. The system is highly sensitive and selective towards Cys with a tunable range of detection. The detection of glutathione (GSH) is also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Ho Leung
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, China
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75
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Leung KH, He HZ, Ma VPY, Zhong HJ, Chan DSH, Zhou J, Mergny JL, Leung CH, Ma DL. Detection of base excision repair enzyme activity using a luminescent G-quadruplex selective switch-on probe. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:5630-2. [PMID: 23559154 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc41129j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We report herein a simple and convenient luminescent assay for detection of base excision repair enzyme activity using an Ir(III) complex as a G-quadruplex selective probe. Using uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG) as a model enzyme, the assay achieved high sensitivity and selectivity for UDG over other tested enzymes. The utility of the assay for screening potential UDG inhibitors was also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Ho Leung
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
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He HZ, Chan DSH, Leung CH, Ma DL. G-quadruplexes for luminescent sensing and logic gates. Nucleic Acids Res 2013; 41:4345-59. [PMID: 23435319 PMCID: PMC3632106 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
G-quadruplexes represent a versatile sensing platform for the construction of label-free molecular detection assays owing to their diverse structures that can be selectively recognized by G-quadruplex-specific luminescent probes. In this Survey and Summary, we highlight recent examples of the application of the label-free strategy for the development of G-quadruplex-based luminescent detection platforms with a view towards the potential application of tetraplex structures in the design of DNA logic gates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Zhang He
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Daniel Shiu-Hin Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
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He HZ, Leung KH, Yang H, Shiu-Hin Chan D, Leung CH, Zhou J, Bourdoncle A, Mergny JL, Ma DL. Label-free detection of sub-nanomolar lead(II) ions in aqueous solution using a metal-based luminescent switch-on probe. Biosens Bioelectron 2013; 41:871-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2012.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Revised: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Leung CH, Zhong HJ, Lu L, Chan DSH, Ma DL. Luminescent and colorimetric strategies for the label-free DNA-based detection of enzyme activity. Brief Funct Genomics 2013; 12:525-35. [PMID: 23396725 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elt004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymes are critically involved in maintaining normal cellular physiology through the catalysis of highly specific and tightly regulated chemical reactions. The inhibition or undesired activation of particular enzymatic functions has been associated with the pathogenesis of a number of diseases. Consequently, the aberrant activity of certain enzymes can be regarded as biomarkers for the diagnosis or monitoring of particular diseases. With rapid technological advances in the field of DNA nanotechnology, oligonucleotides have recently emerged as attractive recognition units for monitoring the activity of enzymes compared with organic small molecules or protein antibodies. In this review article, we present an overview of advantages and versatility of the 'label-free' approach for the fabrication of DNA-based sensing platforms using colorimetric and luminescent molecules as signal transducing units and highlight recent examples of label-free strategies that have been employed for monitoring enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hang Leung
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong.
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Leung CH, Zhong HJ, He HZ, Lu L, Chan DSH, Ma DL. Luminescent oligonucleotide-based detection of enzymes involved with DNA repair. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc51228b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Leung KH, He HZ, Ma VPY, Yang H, Chan DSH, Leung CH, Ma DL. A G-quadruplex-selective luminescent switch-on probe for the detection of sub-nanomolar human neutrophil elastase. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21996d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Ma DL, Ma VPY, Chan DSH, Leung KH, He HZ, Leung CH. Recent advances in luminescent heavy metal complexes for sensing. Coord Chem Rev 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Leung KH, Ma VPY, He HZ, Chan DSH, Yang H, Leung CH, Ma DL. A highly selective G-quadruplex-based luminescent switch-on probe for the detection of nanomolar strontium(ii) ions in sea water. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21119j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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