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Keane TJ, Dziki J, Sobieski E, Smoulder A, Castleton A, Turner N, White LJ, Badylak SF. Restoring Mucosal Barrier Function and Modifying Macrophage Phenotype with an Extracellular Matrix Hydrogel: Potential Therapy for Ulcerative Colitis. J Crohns Colitis 2017; 11:360-368. [PMID: 27543807 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjw149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Despite advances in therapeutic options, more than half of all patients with ulcerative colitis [UC] do not achieve long-term remission, many require colectomy, and the disease still has a marked negative impact on quality of life. Extracellular matrix [ECM] bioscaffolds facilitate the functional repair of many soft tissues by mechanisms that include mitigation of pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype and mobilization of endogenous stem/progenitor cells. The aim of the present study was to determine if an ECM hydrogel therapy could influence outcomes in an inducible rodent model of UC. METHODS The dextran sodium sulphate [DSS]-colitis model was used in male Sprague Dawley rats. Animals were treated via enema with an ECM hydrogel and the severity of colitis was determined by clinical and histological criteria. Lamina propria cells were isolated and the production of inflammatory mediators was quantified. Mucosal permeability was assessed in vivo by administering TRITC-dextran and in vitro using transepithelial electrical resistance [TEER]. RESULTS ECM hydrogel therapy accelerated healing and improved outcome. The hydrogel was adhesive to colonic tissue, which allowed for targeted delivery of the therapy, and resulted in a reduction in clinical and histological signs of disease. ECM hydrogel facilitated functional improvement of colonic epithelial barrier function and the resolution of the pro-inflammatory state of tissue macrophages. CONCLUSIONS The present study shows that a non-surgical and non-pharmacological ECM-based therapy can abate DSS-colitis not by immunosuppression but by promoting phenotypic change in local macrophage phenotype and rapid replacement of the colonic mucosal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Keane
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Jenna Dziki
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Eric Sobieski
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Adam Smoulder
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Arthur Castleton
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Neill Turner
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lisa J White
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Stephen F Badylak
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Dziki JL, Badylak SF. Models for evaluating the immune response to naturally derived biomaterials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ddmod.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Tukmachev D, Forostyak S, Koci Z, Zaviskova K, Vackova I, Vyborny K, Sandvig I, Sandvig A, Medberry CJ, Badylak SF, Sykova E, Kubinova S. Injectable Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels as Scaffolds for Spinal Cord Injury Repair. Tissue Eng Part A 2016; 22:306-17. [PMID: 26729284 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2015.0422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Restoration of lost neuronal function after spinal cord injury (SCI) still remains a big challenge for current medicine. One important repair strategy is bridging the SCI lesion with a supportive and stimulatory milieu that would enable axonal rewiring. Injectable extracellular matrix (ECM)-derived hydrogels have been recently reported to have neurotrophic potential in vitro. In this study, we evaluated the presumed neuroregenerative properties of ECM hydrogels in vivo in the acute model of SCI. ECM hydrogels were prepared by decellularization of porcine spinal cord (SC) or porcine urinary bladder (UB), and injected into a spinal cord hemisection cavity. Histological analysis and real-time qPCR were performed at 2, 4, and 8 weeks postinjection. Both types of hydrogels integrated into the lesion and stimulated neovascularization and axonal ingrowth into the lesion. On the other hand, massive infiltration of macrophages into the lesion and rapid hydrogel degradation did not prevent cyst formation, which progressively developed over 8 weeks. No significant differences were found between SC-ECM and UB-ECM. Gene expression analysis revealed significant downregulation of genes related to immune response and inflammation in both hydrogel types at 2 weeks post SCI. A combination of human mesenchymal stem cells with SC-ECM did not further promote ingrowth of axons and blood vessels into the lesion, when compared with the SC-ECM hydrogel alone. In conclusion, both ECM hydrogels bridged the lesion cavity, modulated the innate immune response, and provided the benefit of a stimulatory substrate for in vivo neural tissue regeneration. However, fast hydrogel degradation might be a limiting factor for the use of native ECM hydrogels in the treatment of acute SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Tukmachev
- 1 Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR , Prague, Czech Republic .,2 2nd Medical Faculty, Charles University , Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Serhiy Forostyak
- 1 Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR , Prague, Czech Republic .,2 2nd Medical Faculty, Charles University , Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Koci
- 1 Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR , Prague, Czech Republic .,2 2nd Medical Faculty, Charles University , Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Zaviskova
- 1 Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR , Prague, Czech Republic .,2 2nd Medical Faculty, Charles University , Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Irena Vackova
- 1 Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR , Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Vyborny
- 1 Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR , Prague, Czech Republic .,2 2nd Medical Faculty, Charles University , Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ioanna Sandvig
- 3 Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim, Norway .,4 John Van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, School of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge , Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Axel Sandvig
- 3 Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim, Norway .,5 Division of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Neurosurgery, Umeå University , Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Stephen F Badylak
- 6 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Eva Sykova
- 1 Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR , Prague, Czech Republic .,2 2nd Medical Faculty, Charles University , Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sarka Kubinova
- 1 Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR , Prague, Czech Republic
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Chen S, Ren H, Mei Z, Zhuo H, Yang H, Ge Z. Exploring the Biocompatibility of Zwitterionic Copolymers for Controlling Macrophage Phagocytosis of Bacteria. Macromol Biosci 2016; 16:1714-1722. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Chen
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology; Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Huanhuan Ren
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology; Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Zhankui Mei
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology; Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Haitao Zhuo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Haipeng Yang
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology; Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Zaochuan Ge
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology; Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 China
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Dziki JL, Wang DS, Pineda C, Sicari BM, Rausch T, Badylak SF. Solubilized extracellular matrix bioscaffolds derived from diverse source tissues differentially influence macrophage phenotype. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 105:138-147. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jenna L. Dziki
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
- Department of Bioengineering; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - Derek S. Wang
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - Catalina Pineda
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
- Department of Bioengineering; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - Brian M. Sicari
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
- Department of Surgery; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - Theresa Rausch
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen F. Badylak
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
- Department of Bioengineering; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
- Department of Surgery; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
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Willenberg BJ, Oca-Cossio J, Cai Y, Brown AR, Clapp WL, Abrahamson DR, Terada N, Ellison GW, Mathews CE, Batich CD, Ross EA. Repurposed biological scaffolds: kidney to pancreas. Organogenesis 2016; 11:47-57. [PMID: 26252820 DOI: 10.1080/15476278.2015.1067354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in organ regeneration have been facilitated by gentle decellularization protocols that maintain distinct tissue compartments, and thereby allow seeding of blood vessels with endothelial lineages separate from populations of the parenchyma with tissue-specific cells. We hypothesized that a reconstituted vasculature could serve as a novel platform for perfusing cells derived from a different organ: thus discordance of origin between the vascular and functional cells, leading to a hybrid repurposed organ. The need for a highly vascular bed is highlighted by tissue engineering approaches that involve transplantation of just cells, as attempted for insulin production to treat human diabetes. Those pancreatic islet cells present unique challenges since large numbers are needed to allow the cell-to-cell signaling required for viability and proper function; however, increasing their number is limited by inadequate perfusion and hypoxia. As proof of principle of the repurposed organ methodology we harnessed the vasculature of a kidney scaffold while seeding the collecting system with insulin-producing cells. Pig kidneys were decellularized by sequential detergent, enzymatic and rinsing steps. Maintenance of distinct vascular and collecting system compartments was demonstrated by both fluorescent 10 micron polystyrene microspheres and cell distributions in tissue sections. Sterilized acellular scaffolds underwent seeding separately via the artery (fibroblasts or endothelioma cells) and retrograde (murine βTC-tet cells) up the ureter. After three-day bioreactor incubation, histology confirmed separation of cells in the vasculature from those in the collecting system. βTC-tet clusters survived in tubules, glomerular Bowman's space, demonstrated insulin immunolabeling, and thereby supported the feasibility of kidney-to-pancreas repurposing.
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Dearth CL, Slivka PF, Stewart SA, Keane TJ, Tay JK, Londono R, Goh Q, Pizza FX, Badylak SF. Inhibition of COX1/2 alters the host response and reduces ECM scaffold mediated constructive tissue remodeling in a rodent model of skeletal muscle injury. Acta Biomater 2016; 31:50-60. [PMID: 26612417 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) has been used as a biologic scaffold material to both reinforce the surgical repair of soft tissue and serve as an inductive template to promote a constructive tissue remodeling response. Success of such an approach is dependent on macrophage-mediated degradation and remodeling of the biologic scaffold. Macrophage phenotype during these processes is a predictive factor of the eventual remodeling outcome. ECM scaffolds have been shown to promote an anti-inflammatory or M2-like macrophage phenotype in vitro that includes secretion of downstream products of cycolooxygenases 1 and 2 (COX1/2). The present study investigated the effect of a common COX1/2 inhibitor (Aspirin) on macrophage phenotype and tissue remodeling in a rodent model of ECM scaffold treated skeletal muscle injury. Inhibition of COX1/2 reduced the constructive remodeling response by hindering myogenesis and collagen deposition in the defect area. The inhibited response was correlated with a reduction in M2-like macrophages in the defect area. The effects of Aspirin on macrophage phenotype were corroborated using an established in vitro macrophage model which showed a reduction in both ECM induced prostaglandin secretion and expression of a marker of M2-like macrophages (CD206). These results raise questions regarding the common peri-surgical administration of COX1/2 inhibitors when biologic scaffold materials are used to facilitate muscle repair/regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE COX1/2 inhibitors such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are routinely administered post-surgically for analgesic purposes. While COX1/2 inhibitors are important in pain management, they have also been shown to delay or diminish the healing process, which calls to question their clinical use for treating musculotendinous injuries. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of a common NSAID, Aspirin, on the constructive remodeling response mediated by an ECM scaffold (UBM) in a rat skeletal muscle injury model. The COX1/2 inhibitor, Aspirin, was found to mitigate the ECM scaffold-mediated constructive remodeling response both in an in vitro co-culture system and an in vivo rat model of skeletal muscle injury. The results presented herein provide data showing that NSAIDs may significantly alter tissue remodeling outcomes when a biomaterial is used in a regenerative medicine/tissue engineering application. Thus, the decision to prescribe NSAIDs to manage the symptoms of inflammation post-ECM scaffold implantation should be carefully considered.
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Keeler GD, Durdik JM, Stenken JA. Effects of delayed delivery of dexamethasone-21-phosphate via subcutaneous microdialysis implants on macrophage activation in rats. Acta Biomater 2015; 23:27-37. [PMID: 25985913 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage activation is of interest in the biomaterials field since macrophages with an M(Dex) characteristic phenotype, i.e., CD68(+)CD163(+), are believed to result in improved integration of the biomaterial as well as improved tissue remodeling and increased biomaterial longevity. To facilitate delivery of a macrophage modulator, dexamethasone-21-phosphate (Dex), microdialysis probes were subcutaneously implanted in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Dex localized delivery was delayed to the third day post implantation as a means to alter macrophage activation state at an implant site. To better elucidate the molecular mechanisms associated with M(Dex) macrophage activation, CCL2 was quantified in dialysates, gene expression ratios were determined from excised tissue surrounding the implant, histological analyses, and immunohistochemical analyses (CD68, CD163) were performed. Delayed Dex infusion resulted in the up-regulation of IL-6 at the transcript level in the tissue in contact with the microdialysis probe and decreased CCL2 concentrations collected in dialysates. Histological analyses showed increased cellular density as compared to controls in response to delayed Dex infusion. Dex delayed infusion resulted in an increased percentage of CD68(+)CD163(+), M(Dex), macrophages in the tissue surrounding the microdialysis probe as compared to probes that served as controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey D Keeler
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Jeannine M Durdik
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Julie A Stenken
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
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Meng FW, Slivka PF, Dearth CL, Badylak SF. Solubilized extracellular matrix from brain and urinary bladder elicits distinct functional and phenotypic responses in macrophages. Biomaterials 2015; 46:131-40. [PMID: 25678122 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) derived from a variety of source tissues has been successfully used to facilitate tissue reconstruction. The recent development of solubilized forms of ECM advances the therapeutic potential of these biomaterials. Isolated, soluble components of ECM and matricryptic peptides have been shown to bias macrophages toward a regulatory and constructive (M2-like) phenotype. However, the majority of studies described thus far have utilized anatomically and morphologically similar gastrointestinal derived ECMs (small intestine, esophagus, urinary bladder, etc.) and a small subset of macrophage markers (CD206, CD86, CCR7) to describe them. The present study evaluated the effect of solubilized ECM derived from molecularly diverse source tissues (brain and urinary bladder) upon primary macrophage phenotype and function. Results showed that solubilized urinary bladder ECM (U-ECM) up-regulated macrophage PGE2 secretion and suppressed traditional pro-inflammatory factor secretion, consistent with an M2-like phenotype. The hyaluronic acid (HA) component in solubilized U-ECM played an important role in mediating this response. Brain ECM (B-ECM) elicited a pro-inflammatory (M1-like) macrophage response and contained almost no HA. These findings suggest that the molecular composition of the source tissue ECM plays an important role in influencing macrophage function and phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wei Meng
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15219 PA, USA
| | - Peter F Slivka
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15219 PA, USA
| | - Christopher L Dearth
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15219 PA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15219 PA, USA; DoD-VA Extremity Trauma & Amputation Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
| | - Stephen F Badylak
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15219 PA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15219 PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15219 PA, USA.
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