51
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Yunusova SN, Bolotin DS, Vovk MA, Tolstoy PM, Kukushkin VY. Tetrabromomethane as an Organic Catalyst: a Kinetic Study of CBr
4
‐Catalyzed Schiff Condensation. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sevilya N. Yunusova
- Institute of Chemistry Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii S. Bolotin
- Institute of Chemistry Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail A. Vovk
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Saint Petersburg State University Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Peter M. Tolstoy
- Institute of Chemistry Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Yu. Kukushkin
- Institute of Chemistry Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9 Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Crystal Engineering of Functional Materials South Ural State University 76, Lenin Av. 454080 Chelyabinsk Russian Federation
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52
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Gök Y, Gök HZ. Synthesis, characterization and catalytic performance in enantioselective reactions by mesoporous silica materials functionalized with chiral thiourea-amine ligand. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-020-04301-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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53
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Nagy S, Fehér Z, Kárpáti L, Bagi P, Kisszékelyi P, Koczka B, Huszthy P, Pukánszky B, Kupai J. Synthesis and Applications of Cinchona Squaramide-Modified Poly(Glycidyl Methacrylate) Microspheres as Recyclable Polymer-Grafted Enantioselective Organocatalysts. Chemistry 2020; 26:13513-13522. [PMID: 32697895 PMCID: PMC7702047 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This work presents the immobilization of cinchona squaramide organocatalysts on poly(glycidyl methacrylate) solid supports. Preparation of the well-defined monodisperse polymer microspheres was facilitated by comprehensive parameter optimization. By exploiting the reactive epoxy groups of the polymer support, three amino-functionalized cinchona derivatives were immobilized on this carrier. To explore the effect of the amino linker, these structurally varied precatalysts were synthesized by modifying the cinchona skeleton at different positions. The catalytic activities of the immobilized organocatalysts were tested in the Michael addition of pentane-2,4-dione and trans-β-nitrostyrene with excellent yields (up to 98 %) and enantioselectivities (up to 96 % ee). Finally, the catalysts were easily recovered five times by centrifugation without loss of activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sándor Nagy
- Department of Organic Chemistry & TechnologyBudapest University of Technology & EconomicsSzent Gellért tér 41111BudapestHungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Fehér
- Department of Organic Chemistry & TechnologyBudapest University of Technology & EconomicsSzent Gellért tér 41111BudapestHungary
| | - Levente Kárpáti
- Laboratory of Plastics & Rubber TechnologyBudapest University of Technology & EconomicsMűegyetem rkp. 3.Budapest1111Hungary
- Downstream HungaryPolyolefin R&D, MOL Plc.Olajmunkás utca 22443SzázhalombattaHungary
| | - Péter Bagi
- Department of Organic Chemistry & TechnologyBudapest University of Technology & EconomicsSzent Gellért tér 41111BudapestHungary
| | - Péter Kisszékelyi
- Department of Organic Chemistry & TechnologyBudapest University of Technology & EconomicsSzent Gellért tér 41111BudapestHungary
| | - Béla Koczka
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryBudapest University of Technology & EconomicsSzent Gellért tér 41111BudapestHungary
| | - Péter Huszthy
- Department of Organic Chemistry & TechnologyBudapest University of Technology & EconomicsSzent Gellért tér 41111BudapestHungary
| | - Béla Pukánszky
- Laboratory of Plastics & Rubber TechnologyBudapest University of Technology & EconomicsMűegyetem rkp. 3.Budapest1111Hungary
| | - József Kupai
- Department of Organic Chemistry & TechnologyBudapest University of Technology & EconomicsSzent Gellért tér 41111BudapestHungary
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54
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Wegener AR, Kabes CQ, Gladysz JA. Launching Werner Complexes into the Modern Era of Catalytic Enantioselective Organic Synthesis. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:2299-2313. [PMID: 32886471 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Reactions catalyzed by transition metal complexes almost always entail binding of one or more reactants to the metal center, and nearly every corner of the "chiral pool" has been picked over in efforts to develop enantioselective catalysts. As reported by Alfred Werner in 1911-1912, salts of the formally D3-symmetric [Co(en)3]3+ trication (en = ethylenediamine) were among the first chiral inorganic compounds to be resolved into enantiomers. These air- and water-stable complexes are substitution-inert, so for 100 years they languished without application in organic synthesis. We then showed that when they are rendered soluble in organic media by lipophilic anions such as fluorinated tetraarylborates BArf-, they become potent catalysts for a variety of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bond forming reactions.These involve substrate activation by hydrogen bonding to the coordinated NH2 units (pKa ca. 15), a "second coordination sphere" mechanism. Only modest enantioselectivities are obtained with [Co(en)3]3+ 3BArf- or related chromium, rhodium, iridium, and platinum salts. However, high enantioselectivities are achieved when the three en ligands are replaced by the 1,2-diphenyl analogues (S,S)- or (R,R)-H2NCHPhCHPhNH2. Here only one BArf- anion is required to solubilize the trication, so a number of mixed-salt catalysts (2X-BArf-) have been evaluated. Alternatively, a dimethylamino group can be tethered to the backbone of one en ligand, providing bifunctional catalysts that obviate any need for an external base. Interestingly, the counteranions modulate the enantioselectivities somewhat. However, catalysts with chiral anions do not significantly outperform benchmark catalysts with achiral anions. Cagelike chiral hexaaminecobalt(III) complexes known as sepulchrates and sarcophagines, which feature secondary NH donor atoms, can also serve as catalysts, but the enantioselectivities are very low.In a spinoff application, certain salts are found to be superb "chiral solvating agents", leading to distinct sets of NMR signals for enantiomers of chiral analytes with Lewis basic functional groups. Loadings of 10-25 mol % generally suffice, providing the best way of assaying the enantiomeric purities of a host of compounds. Also, mixtures of several chiral compounds can be simultaneously analyzed. It is not surprising that complexes that perform well in chiral recognition phenomena also excel as enantioselective catalysts.In this Account, the stereochemical properties of the preceding complexes are treated, as well as arcana generally known only to specialists in the field. These include the use of charcoal for equilibrating configurations of the cobalt stereocenter and Sephadex for separating enantiomers and diastereomers. Other types of metal-containing hydrogen-bond-donor catalysts are briefly surveyed (noncoordinating NH units can also be effective), including several developed by other groups. However, the mechanisms of enantioselection in all of these transformations remain obscure. The optimum diastereomer and anion set varies from reaction to reaction, suggesting a "phenotypic plasticity" that allows adaption to a variety of processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron R. Wegener
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Connor Q. Kabes
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - John A. Gladysz
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
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55
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Abstract
Arylidene-Δ2-pyrrolin-4-ones undergo organocatalyzed double spirocyclization with 3-isothiocianato oxindoles in a domino 1,4/1,2-addition sequence. The products contain three contiguous stereocenters (ee up to 98%, dr up to 99:1, 12 examples). The absolute configuration of the major diastereomer was determined by single crystal X-ray analysis. Along with heterocyclic Michael acceptors based on oxazolone, isoxazolone, thiazolidinone, pyrazolone, and pyrimidinedione, the reported results display the applicability of unsaturated Δ2-pyrrolin-4-ones (pyrrolones) for the organocatalyzed construction of 3D-rich pyrrolone-containing heterocycles.
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56
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- ORSY Division Department of Chemistry University of Antwerp Campus Groenenborger Groenenborgerlaan 171 2020 Antwerp Belgium
| | - Yu Zhang
- ORSY Division Department of Chemistry University of Antwerp Campus Groenenborger Groenenborgerlaan 171 2020 Antwerp Belgium
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Shoubhik Das
- ORSY Division Department of Chemistry University of Antwerp Campus Groenenborger Groenenborgerlaan 171 2020 Antwerp Belgium
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57
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Krishna AV, Reddy GS, Gorachand B, Ramachary DB. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Formal [3+3]‐Cycloaddition to Access 2,3‐Diazaspiro[4.5]deca‐3,6‐dien‐1‐ones. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Vamshi Krishna
- Catalysis Laboratory School of Chemistry University of Hyderabad 500 046 Hyderabad India
| | - G. Surendra Reddy
- Catalysis Laboratory School of Chemistry University of Hyderabad 500 046 Hyderabad India
| | - B. Gorachand
- Catalysis Laboratory School of Chemistry University of Hyderabad 500 046 Hyderabad India
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58
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Chen Y, Wang Y, Wang S, Ma YY, Zhao DG, Zhan R, Huang H. Asymmetric Construction of Cyclobutanes via Direct Vinylogous Michael Addition/Cyclization of β,γ-Unsaturated Amides. Org Lett 2020; 22:7135-7140. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Chen
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yichen Wang
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuzhong Wang
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yan-Yan Ma
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Deng-Gao Zhao
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Ruoting Zhan
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huicai Huang
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
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59
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Skrzyńska A, Frankowski S, Albrecht Ł. Cyclic 1‐Azadienes in the Organocatalytic Inverse‐Electron‐Demand Aza‐Diels‐Alder Cycloadditions. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Skrzyńska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Lodz University of Technology Żeromskiego 116 90-924 Łódź Poland
| | - Sebastian Frankowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Lodz University of Technology Żeromskiego 116 90-924 Łódź Poland
| | - Łukasz Albrecht
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Lodz University of Technology Żeromskiego 116 90-924 Łódź Poland
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60
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A computational study of hydrogen bonding motifs in halide, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, and tetraarylborate salts of chiral cationic ruthenium and cobalt guanidinobenzimidazole hydrogen bond donor catalysts; acceptor properties of the “BArf” anion. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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61
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Avila-Ortiz CG, Juaristi E. Novel Methodologies for Chemical Activation in Organic Synthesis under Solvent-Free Reaction Conditions. Molecules 2020; 25:E3579. [PMID: 32781678 PMCID: PMC7464687 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One central challenge for XXI century chemists is the development of sustainable processes that do not represent a risk either to humanity or to the environment. In this regard, the search for more efficient and clean alternatives to achieve the chemical activation of molecules involved in chemical transformations has played a prominent role in recent years. The use of microwave or UV-Vis light irradiation, and mechanochemical activation is already widespread in many laboratories. Nevertheless, an additional condition to achieve "green" processes comes from the point of view of so-called atom economy. The removal of solvents from chemical reactions generally leads to cleaner, more efficient and more economical processes. This review presents several illustrative applications of the use of sustainable protocols in the synthesis of organic compounds under solvent-free reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Gabriela Avila-Ortiz
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Av. IPN 2508, 07360 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Eusebio Juaristi
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Av. IPN 2508, 07360 Ciudad de México, Mexico
- El Colegio Nacional, Donceles 104, Centro Histórico, 06020 Ciudad de México, Mexico
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62
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Ghosh S, Das S, De CK, Yepes D, Neese F, Bistoni G, Leutzsch M, List B. Strong and Confined Acids Control Five Stereogenic Centers in Catalytic Asymmetric Diels-Alder Reactions of Cyclohexadienones with Cyclopentadiene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12347-12351. [PMID: 32159921 PMCID: PMC7383742 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We describe a highly enantioselective Diels-Alder reaction of cross-conjugated cyclohexadienones with cyclopentadiene, in which five stereocenters are effectively controlled by a strongly acidic and confined imidodiphosphorimidate catalyst. Our approach provides tricyclic products in excellent stereoselectivity. We also report methods to convert the obtained products into useful intermediates and a computational study that aids in gaining deeper insight into the reaction mechanism and origin of stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Ghosh
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Sayantani Das
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Chandra Kanta De
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Diana Yepes
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Frank Neese
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Giovanni Bistoni
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Benjamin List
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
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63
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Luu QH, Gladysz JA. An Air‐ and Water‐Stable Hydrogen‐Bond‐Donor Catalyst for the Enantioselective Generation of Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters by Additions of Substituted Cyanoacetate Esters to Acetylenic Esters. Chemistry 2020; 26:10230-10239. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quang H. Luu
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University P.O. Box 30012 College Station Texas 77842-3012 USA
| | - John A. Gladysz
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University P.O. Box 30012 College Station Texas 77842-3012 USA
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64
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Wititsuwannakul T, Mukherjee T, Hall MB, Gladysz JA. Computational Investigations of Enantioselection in Carbon–Carbon Bond Forming Reactions of Ruthenium Guanidinobenzimidazole Second Coordination Sphere Hydrogen Bond Donor Catalysts. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taveechai Wititsuwannakul
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77843-3012, United States
| | - Tathagata Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77843-3012, United States
| | - Michael B. Hall
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77843-3012, United States
| | - John A. Gladysz
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77843-3012, United States
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65
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Maximuck WJ, Ganzmann C, Alvi S, Hooda KR, Gladysz JA. Rendering classical hydrophilic enantiopure Werner salts [M(en) 3] n+nX - lipophilic (M/n = Cr/3, Co/3, Rh/3, Ir/3, Pt/4); new chiral hydrogen bond donor catalysts and enantioselectivities as a function of metal and charge. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:3680-3691. [PMID: 32124905 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00523a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Known hydrophilic halide salts of the title compounds are converted to new lipophilic BArf- (B(3,5-C6H3(CF3)2)4-) salts. These are isolated as hydrates (Λ- or Δ-[M(en)3]n+nBArf-·zH2O; z = 17-9) and characterized by NMR (acetone-d6) and microanalyses. Thermal stabilities are probed by capillary thermolyses and TGA and DSC measurements (onset of dehydration 71-151 °C). In the presence of tertiary amines, they are effective catalysts for enantioselective Michael type carbon-carbon or carbon-nitrogen bond forming additions of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds (acceptors: trans-β-nitrostyrene, di-tert-butylazodicarboxylate, 2-cyclopenten-1-one; average ee = 33%, 52%, 17%). Effects of the metal and charge upon enantioselectivities are analyzed. A number of properties appear to correlate to the NH Brønsted acidity order ([Pt(en)3]4+ > [Cr(en)3]3+ > [Co(en)3]3+ > [Rh(en)3]3+ > [Ir(en)3]3+).
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Maximuck
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, USA.
| | - Carola Ganzmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestraße 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Scheherzad Alvi
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, USA.
| | - Karan R Hooda
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, USA.
| | - John A Gladysz
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, USA.
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66
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Chen L, He J. DABCO-Catalyzed Michael/Alkylation Cascade Reactions Involving α-Substituted Ammonium Ylides for the Construction of Spirocyclopropyl Oxindoles: Access to the Powerful Chemical Leads against HIV-1. J Org Chem 2020; 85:5203-5219. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Jin He
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
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67
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Ghosh S, Das S, De CK, Yepes D, Neese F, Bistoni G, Leutzsch M, List B. Starke und sterisch begrenzte Säuren kontrollieren fünf stereogene Zentren in der katalytischen asymmetrischen Diels‐Alder‐Reaktion von Cyclohexadienonen mit Cyclopentadien. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Ghosh
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
| | - Sayantani Das
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
| | - Chandra Kanta De
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
| | - Diana Yepes
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
| | - Frank Neese
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
| | - Giovanni Bistoni
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
| | - Benjamin List
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
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68
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Kabes CQ, Maximuck WJ, Ghosh SK, Kumar A, Bhuvanesh N, Gladysz JA. Chiral Tricationic Tris(1,2-diphenylethylenediamine) Cobalt(III) Hydrogen Bond Donor Catalysts with Defined Carbon/Metal Configurations; Matched/Mismatched Effects upon Enantioselectivities with Enantiomeric Chiral Counter Anions. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b05496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Connor Q. Kabes
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - William J. Maximuck
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Subrata K. Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - John A. Gladysz
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
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69
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Arai R, Hirashima SI, Nakano T, Kawada M, Akutsu H, Nakashima K, Miura T. Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Phosphonates to Enones Using Cinchona–Diaminomethylenemalononitrile Organocatalysts. J Org Chem 2020; 85:3872-3878. [PMID: 31986038 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoga Arai
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Hirashima
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Nakano
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kawada
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Akutsu
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Kosuke Nakashima
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Miura
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
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70
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Smajlagic I, Guest M, Durán R, Herrera B, Dudding T. Mechanistic Insight toward Understanding the Role of Charge in Thiourea Organocatalysis. J Org Chem 2020; 85:585-593. [PMID: 31790584 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pyranylation and glycosylation are pivotal for accessing a myriad of natural products, pharmaceuticals, and drug candidates. Catalytic approaches for enabling these transformations are of utmost importance and integral to advancing this area of synthesis. In exploring this chemical space, a combined experimental and computational mechanistic study of pyranylation and 2-deoxygalactosylation catalyzed by a cationic thiourea organocatalyst is reported. To this end, a thiourea-cyclopropenium organocatalyst was employed as a model system in combination with an arsenal of mechanistic techniques, including 13C kinetic isotope effect experiments, deuterated labeling studies, variable-temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations. From these studies, two distinct reaction pathways were identified for this transformation corresponding to either dual hydrogen bond (H-bond) activation or Brønsted acid catalysis. The former involving thiourea orchestrated bifurcated hydrogen bonding proceeded in an asynchronous concerted fashion. In contrast, the latter stepwise mechanism involving Brønsted acid catalysis hinged upon the formation of an oxocarbenium intermediate accompanied by subsequent alcohol addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivor Smajlagic
- Brock University , 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way , St. Catharines , ON L2S 3A1 , Canada
| | - Matt Guest
- Brock University , 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way , St. Catharines , ON L2S 3A1 , Canada
| | - Rocío Durán
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica Computacional (QTC), Departamento de Química-Física, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860 , Macul, Santiago , Chile
| | - Barbara Herrera
- Laboratorio de Química Teórica Computacional (QTC), Departamento de Química-Física, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860 , Macul, Santiago , Chile
| | - Travis Dudding
- Brock University , 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way , St. Catharines , ON L2S 3A1 , Canada
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71
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Parvin T, Yadav R, Choudhury LH. Recent applications of thiourea-based organocatalysts in asymmetric multicomponent reactions (AMCRs). Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:5513-5532. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00595a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This review describes the recent applications of thiourea-based organocatalysts in asymmetric multicomponent reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasneem Parvin
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology Patna
- Patna – 800005
- India
| | - Rahul Yadav
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology Patna
- Patna – 800005
- India
| | - Lokman H. Choudhury
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna
- Patna – 801106
- India
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72
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73
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Mato R, Reyes E, Carrillo L, Uria U, Prieto L, Manzano R, Vicario JL. Catalytic enantioselective domino Michael/transannular aldol reaction under bifunctional catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13149-13152. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05981a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chiral bifunctional tertiary amine/squaramides catalyze the enantioselective Michael/transannular aldol reaction on medium-sized cyclic ketoenones leading to bicycle[5.4.0]undecanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Mato
- Department of Organic Chemistry II
- University of the Basque Country
- 48080 Bilbao
- Spain
| | - Efraim Reyes
- Department of Organic Chemistry II
- University of the Basque Country
- 48080 Bilbao
- Spain
| | - Luisa Carrillo
- Department of Organic Chemistry II
- University of the Basque Country
- 48080 Bilbao
- Spain
| | - Uxue Uria
- Department of Organic Chemistry II
- University of the Basque Country
- 48080 Bilbao
- Spain
| | - Liher Prieto
- Department of Organic Chemistry II
- University of the Basque Country
- 48080 Bilbao
- Spain
| | - Ruben Manzano
- Department of Organic Chemistry II
- University of the Basque Country
- 48080 Bilbao
- Spain
| | - Jose L. Vicario
- Department of Organic Chemistry II
- University of the Basque Country
- 48080 Bilbao
- Spain
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74
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Frankowski S, Romaniszyn M, Skrzyńska A, Albrecht Ł. The Game of Electrons: Organocatalytic Higher‐Order Cycloadditions Involving Fulvene‐ and Tropone‐Derived Systems. Chemistry 2019; 26:2120-2132. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Frankowski
- Institute of Organic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryLodz University of Technology Żeromskiego 116 90-924 Łódź Poland
| | - Marta Romaniszyn
- Institute of Organic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryLodz University of Technology Żeromskiego 116 90-924 Łódź Poland
| | - Anna Skrzyńska
- Institute of Organic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryLodz University of Technology Żeromskiego 116 90-924 Łódź Poland
| | - Łukasz Albrecht
- Institute of Organic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryLodz University of Technology Żeromskiego 116 90-924 Łódź Poland
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75
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Cole CJF, Fuentes L, Snyder SA. Asymmetric pyrone Diels-Alder reactions enabled by dienamine catalysis. Chem Sci 2019; 11:2175-2180. [PMID: 34123308 PMCID: PMC8150114 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05738b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the proven value in utilizing pyrone dienes to create molecular complexity via Diels-Alder reactions with varied dienophiles, few examples of effective catalytic, asymmetric variants of this process have been developed. Herein, we show that the use of Jørgensen-Hayashi-type catalysts can convert an array of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes into chiral dienamines that can formally add in a Diels-Alder fashion to a number of electron-deficient pyrones of the coumalate-type to generate optically active [2.2.2]-bicyclic lactones. In most cases, the reactions proceed with good to excellent diastereo- and enantiocontrol (up to 99% ee). Models to explain that stereoselectivity, as well as several additional transformations of the resultant products, are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J F Cole
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago 5735 S. Ellis Avenue Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Lilia Fuentes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago 5735 S. Ellis Avenue Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Scott A Snyder
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago 5735 S. Ellis Avenue Chicago IL 60637 USA
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76
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Asymmetric Michael Addition of Malononitrile with Chalcones via Rosin-Derived Bifunctional Squaramide. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A rosin-derived bifunctional squaramide catalyzed asymmetric Michael addition of malononitrile with chalcones was discovered. This protocol provides a methodology for the facile synthesis of chiral γ-cyano carbonyl compounds in high yields and enantioselectivities (up to 99% yield and 90% ee) with a lower catalyst loading (0.3 mol%). The predominant R-configured adducts were obtained by this organocatalystic reaction, according to the experimental findings.
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77
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Bera K, Ayyagari N, Satam N, Namboothiri INN. Stereoselective synthesis of hydrazinodihydrofurans via cascade Michael addition-substitution involving the reaction of curcumin and other β-dicarbonyls with α-hydrazinonitroalkenes. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 18:140-153. [PMID: 31803896 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01974j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Highly diastereoselective synthesis of 2-hydrazinated 2,3-dihydrofurans in good to excellent yields involving an interrupted Feist-Bénary type reaction by treating a wide variety of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, including curcumins, with α-hydrazinated nitroalkenes is reported here. The first ever enantioselective reaction of α-hydrazinonitroalkenes has also been carried out with two selected 1,3-dicarbonyls, dimedone and cyclohexanone by employing an l-t-leucine derived squaramide as the chiral organocatalyst to afford the enantio-enriched 2-hydrazinodihydrofurans as single diastereomers in good yields and with good enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalisankar Bera
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India.
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78
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Vazquez-Chavez J, Luna-Morales S, Cruz-Aguilar DA, Díaz-Salazar H, Vallejo Narváez WE, Silva-Gutiérrez RS, Hernández-Ortega S, Rocha-Rinza T, Hernández-Rodríguez M. The effect of chiral N-substituents with methyl or trifluoromethyl groups on the catalytic performance of mono- and bifunctional thioureas. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:10045-10051. [PMID: 31746909 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01893j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated thiourea organocatalysts that incorporate a chiral group which includes a trifluoromethyl moiety and contrasted their performance with non-fluorinated analogs. The comparison between such systems allows the direct study of the NH acidity of a thiourea bonded to an aliphatic substituent. In principle, -CF3 systems feature an enhanced hydrogen bond (HB) donor capacity that is undoubtedly beneficial for HB-catalysis applied to the Baylis-Hillman reaction. We found that the thiourea substituted on both nitrogens with this group accelerates this reaction like Schreiner's thiourea. On the other hand, we observed a different behavior in reactions promoted by bifunctional catalysts (thiourea-primary amine). In the Michael addition of isobutyraldehyde to methyl benzylidenepyruvate, the -CF3 containing catalysts were better than the -CH3 systems, whereas the conjugate addition to N-phenylmaleimide showed the opposite behavior. Theoretical calculations of the transition states indicated that the phenylethyl group in fluorinated and non-fluorinated compounds have different kinds of interactions with the electrophile. These interactions are responsible for a different arrangement of the electrophile and thereby the selectivity of the catalyst. Therefore, it cannot be generalized that in all cases NH acidity correlates with the performance of the catalyst, particularly, with aliphatic substituents that unlike the aromatic ones possess groups that are outside the plane of the thiourea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josué Vazquez-Chavez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Del. Coyoacán, C. P. 04510, Cd. Mx., México.
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79
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Abe M, Jean A, Blanchet J, Rouden J, Maddaluno J, De Paolis M. H-bonding vs Protonation of Alkynes in Regioselective Hydroamination Reactions: A Glimpse into the Reactivity of Arylogous Ynolethers and Ynamines. J Org Chem 2019; 84:15448-15475. [PMID: 31671943 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this paper is described the competition and transition between hydrogen bonding and protonation of alkynes connected, on one side, to various aromatic rings and to chiral amino ester appendages on the other side. While the first mode of activation induced the cyclization into pyrrolidines, the protonation of the alkyne led preferentially to tetrahydropyridines due to the higher level of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of the considered arylogous ynolethers and ynamines. The transition between H-bonding and protonation was observed with the alkyne substituted with 2-methoxyphenyl, for which the cyclization delivered either five- or six-membered rings depending on the temperature of the experiment. From there, the cyclization of dialkoxy- and trialkoxyphenyl-substituted alkynes into six-membered rings, i.e., tetrahydropyridines, was developed. When next applied to alkynylindoles, the same pattern of cyclization provided six-membered rings as an illustration of the reactivity of arylogous ynamines. Thanks to the high reactivity of the intermediate cationic species, weak nucleophiles such as NH-oxazolidinone participated efficiently in the hydroamination reaction of alkynylindoles. Pyrrolidines, tetrahydropyridines, and piperidines decorated with various aromatics and substituents were thus prepared in enantio- and stereoselective manner. Capitalizing on the enamine moiety of the azaheterocycles, the molecular diversity was extended through stereoselective oxidation and ring contraction processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Abe
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038) , 76000 Rouen , France
| | - Alexandre Jean
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038) , 76000 Rouen , France.,Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire LCMT (UMR 6507 & FR 3038) , 14000 Caen , France
| | - Jérôme Blanchet
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire LCMT (UMR 6507 & FR 3038) , 14000 Caen , France
| | - Jacques Rouden
- Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire LCMT (UMR 6507 & FR 3038) , 14000 Caen , France
| | - Jacques Maddaluno
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038) , 76000 Rouen , France
| | - Michaël De Paolis
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038) , 76000 Rouen , France
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80
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Tukhvatshin RS, Kucherenko AS, Nelyubina YV, Zlotin SG. Conjugate Addition of Carbon Acids to β,γ-Unsaturated α-Keto Esters: Product Tautomerism and Applications for Asymmetric Synthesis of Benzo[ a]phenazin-5-ol Derivatives. J Org Chem 2019; 84:13824-13831. [PMID: 31566387 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A correlation between the equilibrium ratio of tautomeric products generated by the asymmetric Michael reactions of cyclic carbon acids with β,γ-unsaturated α-keto esters and the chemical shift of the α-proton in starting nucleophilic substrates was revealed which makes equilibration predictable. New tetrahydropyran-fused benzo[a]phenazins were enantioselectively (up to 99% ee) synthesized from β,γ-unsaturated α-keto esters and benzo[a]phenazin-5-ol, a powerful anti-cancer agent sAJM589. Facile recyclability of catalyst Ia in the catalytic reactions was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinat S Tukhvatshin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry , Russian Academy of Sciences , 47, Leninsky Prospect , 119991 Moscow , Russian Federation.,A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds , Russian Academy of Sciences , 28, Vavilova Str , 119991 Moscow , Russian Federation
| | - Alexander S Kucherenko
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry , Russian Academy of Sciences , 47, Leninsky Prospect , 119991 Moscow , Russian Federation
| | - Yulia V Nelyubina
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds , Russian Academy of Sciences , 28, Vavilova Str , 119991 Moscow , Russian Federation
| | - Sergei G Zlotin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry , Russian Academy of Sciences , 47, Leninsky Prospect , 119991 Moscow , Russian Federation
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81
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Ramesh B, Kumar GR, Yarlagadda S, Sridhar B, Reddy BS. BINOL-phosphoric acid catalyzed asymmetric Mannich addition of β-ketoesters to indolenines generated in situ by DDQ. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.130620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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82
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Shao Y, He X, Han D, Yang X, Yao H, Cheng D. Asymmetric Aza‐Henry Reaction of Indolenines Mediated by a Cinchona‐Alkaloid‐Thiourea Organocatalyst. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- You‐Dong Shao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHeze University Heze 274015 P. R. China
| | - Xiu‐Yan He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHeze University Heze 274015 P. R. China
| | - Dan‐Dan Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHeze University Heze 274015 P. R. China
- Environment Research InstituteShandong University Qingdao 266237 P. R. China
| | - Xin‐Ru Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHeze University Heze 274015 P. R. China
| | - Hai‐Bin Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHeze University Heze 274015 P. R. China
| | - Dao‐Juan Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHeze University Heze 274015 P. R. China
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83
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Žabka M, Kocian A, Bilka S, Andrejčák S, Šebesta R. Transformation of Racemic Azlactones into Enantioenriched Dihydropyrroles and Lactones Enabled by Hydrogen-Bond Organocatalysis. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matej Žabka
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Faculty of Natural Science; Comenius University in Bratislava; Mlynska dolina, Ilkovičova 6 84215 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Adrián Kocian
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Faculty of Natural Science; Comenius University in Bratislava; Mlynska dolina, Ilkovičova 6 84215 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Stanislav Bilka
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Faculty of Natural Science; Comenius University in Bratislava; Mlynska dolina, Ilkovičova 6 84215 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Samuel Andrejčák
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Faculty of Natural Science; Comenius University in Bratislava; Mlynska dolina, Ilkovičova 6 84215 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Radovan Šebesta
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Faculty of Natural Science; Comenius University in Bratislava; Mlynska dolina, Ilkovičova 6 84215 Bratislava Slovakia
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84
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Prusinowska N, Czapik A, Wojciechowska M, Kwit M. Dynamic optical activity induction in the N-alkyl-N'-trityl ureas and thioureas. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:7782-7793. [PMID: 31402354 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01319a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Considered to be rigid, the urea and thiourea functionalities, often used in material chemistry and in asymmetric organocatalysis, are able to transmit information regarding 3D structure from a permanently chiral inducer part to a dynamically chiral (reporter) part of the molecule. Despite a considerable distance between the inducer and the reporter parts of the molecule, the chirality transfer phenomenon has been demonstrated for a series of secondary N-alkyl-N'-trityl ureas and thioureas. The induction of helicity in a stereodynamic trityl propeller is revealed by rising non-zero Cotton effects in the area of trityl absorption. The information regarding the 3D structure of the inducer is transferred to the reporter part of the system through a set of weak but complementary electrostatic interactions. The presence of two supramolecular motifs in the same molecule, characterized by opposite properties, significantly affected the molecular solid state structure of the thioureas and their abilities to assemble. In the crystalline phase, the model, a chiral N-tert-butyl-thiourea derivative that retains the extended Z,Z conformation of the linker, is prone to form a supramolecular network typical of secondary ureas and thioureas. In contrast, the presence of the hydrophobic trityl group suppresses the thioamide NHS[double bond, length as m-dash]C hydrogen bonds. Therefore, trityl acts as a supramolecular protecting group for thioamide functionality, hampering the formation of hydrogen bonded networks in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Prusinowska
- Department of Chemistry Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61 614 Poznań, Poland. and Centre for Advanced Technologies Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61 614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Czapik
- Department of Chemistry Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61 614 Poznań, Poland. and Centre for Advanced Technologies Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61 614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Martika Wojciechowska
- Department of Chemistry Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61 614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Marcin Kwit
- Department of Chemistry Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61 614 Poznań, Poland. and Centre for Advanced Technologies Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61 614 Poznań, Poland.
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85
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Song J, Lee JW, Jang S, Jung D, Lee T, Min KH. Novel Effect of Thiourea/Urea Additives on the Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution of 2,4‐Dimethoxynitrobenzene. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiho Song
- College of PharmacyChung‐Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Wuk Lee
- College of PharmacyChung‐Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Jang
- College of PharmacyChung‐Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Danbee Jung
- College of PharmacyChung‐Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Lee
- College of PharmacyKyungpook National University Deagu 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hoon Min
- College of PharmacyChung‐Ang University Seoul 06974 Republic of Korea
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86
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Maximuck WJ, Gladysz JA. Lipophilic chiral cobalt (III) complexes of hexaamine ligands: Efficacies as enantioselective hydrogen bond donor catalysts. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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87
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Jacobsen CB, Nielsen DS, Meldal M, Diness F. Azotides as Modular Peptide-Based Ligands for Asymmetric Lewis Acid Catalysis. J Org Chem 2019; 84:6940-6945. [PMID: 31033291 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of azotides and evaluation of these as ligands for enantioselective Lewis acid catalysis is reported. The ligands were readily prepared from the chiral pool of amino acids and perform well in the cobalt(II)-catalyzed formation of asymmetric hetero Diels-Alder adducts. A rational for the observed enantioselectivity and conversion rate supported by computational calculations is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Borch Jacobsen
- Center for Evolutionary Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Daniel Steen Nielsen
- Center for Evolutionary Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Morten Meldal
- Center for Evolutionary Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Frederik Diness
- Center for Evolutionary Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
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88
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Highly efficient asymmetric conjugate addition of 5-benzylfurfurals to nitroalkenes using a thiourea organocatalyst. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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89
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Sakai T, Hirashima SI, Matsushima Y, Nakano T, Ishii D, Yamashita Y, Nakashima K, Koseki Y, Miura T. Synthesis of Chiral γ,γ-Disubstituted γ-Butenolides via Direct Vinylogous Aldol Reaction of Substituted Furanone Derivatives with Aldehydes. Org Lett 2019; 21:2606-2609. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Sakai
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Hirashima
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Matsushima
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Nakano
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Daiki Ishii
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Yamashita
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Kosuke Nakashima
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yuji Koseki
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Miura
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
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90
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Kucherenko AS, Kostenko AA, Komogortsev AN, Lichitsky BV, Fedotov MY, Zlotin SG. C2-Symmetric Chiral Squaramide, Recyclable Organocatalyst for Asymmetric Michael Reactions. J Org Chem 2019; 84:4304-4311. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S. Kucherenko
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey A. Kostenko
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey N. Komogortsev
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Boris V. Lichitsky
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Michael Yu. Fedotov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Sergei G. Zlotin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
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91
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He X, Ji Y, Peng C, Han B. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Cyclic Compounds Bearing a Trifluoromethylated Stereogenic Center: Recent Developments. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang‐Hong He
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine ResourcesChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan‐Ling Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine ResourcesChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine ResourcesChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicine, School of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine ResourcesChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 People's Republic of China
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92
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Shao YD, Han DD, Yang XY, Zhou DD, Wang T, Cheng DJ. Enantioselective Aza-Henry Reaction of Seven-Membered Cyclic Imines, Dibenzo[b
,f
][1,4]oxazepines, by Bifunctional Organocatalysis. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- You-Dong Shao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Heze University; 274015 Heze People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Dan Han
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Heze University; 274015 Heze People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Heze University; 274015 Heze People's Republic of China
| | - Di-Di Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Heze University; 274015 Heze People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Heze University; 274015 Heze People's Republic of China
| | - Dao-Juan Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Heze University; 274015 Heze People's Republic of China
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93
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Chaudhari P, Hong BC, Wen CL, Lee GH. Asymmetric Synthesis of Spirocyclopentane Oxindoles Containing Four Consecutive Stereocenters and Quaternary α-Nitro Esters via Organocatalytic Enantioselective Michael-Michael Cascade Reactions. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:655-667. [PMID: 31459355 PMCID: PMC6648780 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b03049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An enantioselective domino Michael-Michael reaction of nitroolefins and 2-nitro-3-arylacrylates has been established, which provided a series of spirocyclopentane oxindoles with four consecutive stereocenters including quaternary α-nitro esters with good yields (up to 73%) and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 97% ee). The reaction was realized and optimized with the aid of a chiral squaramide-amine catalyst. The structures of 11 products were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash
D. Chaudhari
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National
Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 621, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Bor-Cherng Hong
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National
Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 621, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chao-Lin Wen
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National
Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 621, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Gene-Hsiang Lee
- Instrumentation
Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
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94
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Wåhlander J, Amedjkouh M, Balcells D. A DFT Perspective on Diels–Alder Organocatalysts Based on Substituted Phosphoramides. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Wåhlander
- Department of Chemistry University of Oslo P.O. Box 1033 0315 Blindern, Oslo Norway
| | - Mohamed Amedjkouh
- Department of Chemistry University of Oslo P.O. Box 1033 0315 Blindern, Oslo Norway
| | - David Balcells
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences Department of Chemistry University of Oslo P.O. Box 1033 0315 Blindern, Oslo Norway
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95
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Nakano H, Ganesan D, Chennapuram M, Begum Z, Seki C, Okuyama Y, Kwon E, Uwai K, Tokiwa M, Tokiwa S, Takeshita M. Sugar Based γ-Amino Alcohol Organocatalyst for Asymmetric Michael Addition of β-Keto Esters with Nitroolefins. HETEROCYCLES 2019. [DOI: 10.3987/com-19-14172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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96
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Li QH, Zhang GS, Wang YH, Mei MS, Wang X, Liu Q, Yang XD, Tian P, Lin GQ. A novel chiral DMAP–thiourea bifunctional catalyst catalyzed enantioselective Steglich and Black rearrangement reactions. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00691e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A novel chiral DMAP–thiourea bifunctional catalyst has been prepared and applied in the highly enantioselective Steglich and Black rearrangement reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hua Li
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Gui-Shan Zhang
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Yu-Hui Wang
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Ming-Shun Mei
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Xin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- China
| | - Qiang Liu
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Xiao-Di Yang
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Ping Tian
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Guo-Qiang Lin
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai 201203
- China
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97
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Donthi R, Reddy VR, Reddy SN, Chandra R. Base catalysed diastereoselective Tamura cycloaddition of vinylidene indanediones. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.10.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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98
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Zhou L, Zeng Y, Gao X, Wang Q, Wang C, Wang B, Wang W, Wu Y, Zheng B, Guo H. A chiral squaramide-catalyzed asymmetric dearomative tandem annulation reaction through a kinetic resolution of MBH alcohols: highly enantioselective synthesis of three-dimensional heterocyclic compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:10464-10467. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05483a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
An asymmetric dearomative tandem annulation reaction of MBH alcohols via chiral squaramide catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leijie Zhou
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100193
- China
| | - Yuan Zeng
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100193
- China
| | - Xing Gao
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100193
- China
| | - Qijun Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100193
- China
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100193
- China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100193
- China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Public Health
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Yongjun Wu
- College of Public Health
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Bing Zheng
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100193
- China
| | - Hongchao Guo
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100193
- China
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99
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Akula PS, Hong BC, Lee GH. Catalyst- and Substituent-Controlled Switching of Chemoselectivity for the Enantioselective Synthesis of Fully Substituted Cyclobutane Derivatives via 2 + 2 Annulation of Vinylogous Ketone Enolates and Nitroalkene. Org Lett 2018; 20:7835-7839. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavan Sudheer Akula
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 621, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | - Gene-Hsiang Lee
- Instrumentation Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China
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100
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Arrastia I, Arrieta A, Cossío FP. Application of 1,3-Dipolar Reactions between Azomethine Ylides and Alkenes to the Synthesis of Catalysts and Biologically Active Compounds. European J Org Chem 2018; 2018:5889-5904. [PMID: 30555273 PMCID: PMC6283252 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The (3+2) cycloaddition between azomethine ylides and alkenes is an efficient, convergent and stereocontrolled method for the synthesis of unnatural pyrrolidine and proline scaffolds. In this review, the application of this reaction to the synthesis of enantiopure organometallic ligands for asymmetric catalysis is presented first. These new EhuPhos ligands can participate in a second generation of 1,3-dipolar reactions that generate an offspring of unnatural proline derivatives that behave as efficient organocatalysts. These densely substituted unnatural l-proline derivatives exhibit distinct features, different to those described for natural l-proline and its derivatives. Finally, several examples of biologically active proline derivatives obtained by means of (3+2) cycloadditions involving azomethine ylides are presented. These applications show the character of privileged structures of these polysubstituted pyrrolidine rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iosune Arrastia
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)Manuel Lardizabal Ibilbidea 420018San Sebastian/DonostiaSpain
| | - Ana Arrieta
- Department of Organic Chemistry I and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO‐CINQA)Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU)Manuel Lardizabal Ibilbidea 320018San Sebastian/DonostiaSpain
| | - Fernando P. Cossío
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)Manuel Lardizabal Ibilbidea 420018San Sebastian/DonostiaSpain
- Department of Organic Chemistry I and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO‐CINQA)Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU)Manuel Lardizabal Ibilbidea 320018San Sebastian/DonostiaSpain
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