51
|
Yin MM, Dong P, Chen WQ, Xu SP, Yang LY, Jiang FL, Liu Y. Thermodynamics and Mechanisms of the Interactions between Ultrasmall Fluorescent Gold Nanoclusters and Human Serum Albumin, γ-Globulins, and Transferrin: A Spectroscopic Approach. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:5108-5116. [PMID: 28489408 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Noble metal nanoclusters (NCs) show great promise as nanoprobes for bioanalysis and cellular imaging in biological applications due to ultrasmall size, good photophysical properties, and excellent biocompatibility. In order to achieve a comprehensive understanding of possible biological implications, a series of spectroscopic measurements were conducted under different temperatures to investigate the interactions of Au NCs (∼1.7 nm) with three model plasmatic proteins (human serum albumin (HSA), γ-globulins, and transferrin). It was found that the fluorescence quenching of HSA and γ-globulins triggered by Au NCs was due to dynamic quenching mechanism, while the fluorescence quenching of transferrin by Au NCs was a result of the formation of a Au NC-transferrin complex. The apparent association constants of the Au NCs bound to HSA, γ-globulins, and transferrin demonstrated no obvious difference. Thermodynamic studies demonstrated that the interaction between Au NCs and HSA (or γ-globulins) was driven by hydrophobic forces, while the electrostatic interactions played predominant roles in the adsorption process for transferrin. Furthermore, it was proven that Au NCs had no obvious interference in the secondary structures of these three kinds of proteins. In turn, these three proteins had a minor effect on the fluorescence intensity of Au NCs, which made fluorescent Au NCs promising in biological applications owing to their chemical and photophysical stability. In addition, by comparing the interactions of small molecules, Au NCs, and large nanomaterials with serum albumin, it was found that the binding constants were gradually increased with the increase of particle size. This work has elucidated the interaction mechanisms between nanoclusters and proteins, and shed light on a new interaction mode different from the protein corona on the surface of nanoparticles, which will highly contribute to the better design and applications of fluorescent nanoclusters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Miao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Qi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Ping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Yun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Guangxi Teachers Education University , Nanning 530001, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Lei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology & Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Guangxi Teachers Education University , Nanning 530001, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430081, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Pombo‐García K, Rühl CL, Lam R, Barreto JA, Ang C, Scammells PJ, Comba P, Spiccia† L, Graham B, Joshi T, Stephan H. Zwitterionic Modification of Ultrasmall Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Reduced Protein Corona Formation. Chempluschem 2017; 82:638-646. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201700052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Pombo‐García
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf 01328 Dresden Germany
| | - Carmen L. Rühl
- Heidelberg University Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre for Scientific Computing Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Raymond Lam
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash University Parkville VIC 3052 Australia
| | - José A. Barreto
- School of Chemistry Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Ching‐Seng Ang
- BIO21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute The University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Peter J. Scammells
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash University Parkville VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Peter Comba
- Heidelberg University Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre for Scientific Computing Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Leone Spiccia†
- School of Chemistry Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Bim Graham
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash University Parkville VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Tanmaya Joshi
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf 01328 Dresden Germany
| | - Holger Stephan
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf 01328 Dresden Germany
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Boselli L, Polo E, Castagnola V, Dawson KA. Regimes of Biomolecular Ultrasmall Nanoparticle Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:4215-4218. [PMID: 28295888 PMCID: PMC5485067 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201700343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasmall nanoparticles (USNPs), usually defined as NPs with core in the size range 1-3 nm, are a class of nanomaterials which show unique physicochemical properties, often different from larger NPs of the same material. Moreover, there are also indications that USNPs might have distinct properties in their biological interactions. For example, recent in vivo experiments suggest that some USNPs escape the liver, spleen, and kidney, in contrast to larger NPs that are strongly accumulated in the liver. Here, we present a simple approach to study the biomolecular interactions at the USNPs bio-nanointerface, opening up the possibility to systematically link these observations to microscopic molecular principles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Boselli
- Centre for BioNano Interaction, University College Dublin, School of Chemistry, Belfield, Dublin, 4, Ireland
| | - Ester Polo
- Centre for BioNano Interaction, University College Dublin, School of Chemistry, Belfield, Dublin, 4, Ireland
| | - Valentina Castagnola
- Centre for BioNano Interaction, University College Dublin, School of Chemistry, Belfield, Dublin, 4, Ireland
| | - Kenneth A Dawson
- Centre for BioNano Interaction, University College Dublin, School of Chemistry, Belfield, Dublin, 4, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Boselli L, Polo E, Castagnola V, Dawson KA. Regimes of Biomolecular Ultrasmall Nanoparticle Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201700343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Boselli
- Centre for BioNano Interaction; University College Dublin; School of Chemistry; Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - Ester Polo
- Centre for BioNano Interaction; University College Dublin; School of Chemistry; Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - Valentina Castagnola
- Centre for BioNano Interaction; University College Dublin; School of Chemistry; Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - Kenneth A. Dawson
- Centre for BioNano Interaction; University College Dublin; School of Chemistry; Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Shang L, Nienhaus GU. In Situ Characterization of Protein Adsorption onto Nanoparticles by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy. Acc Chem Res 2017; 50:387-395. [PMID: 28145686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology holds great promise for applications in many fields including biology and medicine. Unfortunately, the processes occurring at the interface between nanomaterials and living systems are exceedingly complex and not yet well understood, which has significantly hampered the realization of many nanobiotechnology applications. Whenever nanoparticles (NPs) are incorporated by a living organism, a protein adsorption layer, also known as the "protein corona", forms on the NP surface. Accordingly, living organisms interact with protein-coated rather than bare NPs, and their biological responses depend on the nature of the protein corona. In recent years, a wide variety of biophysical techniques have been employed to elucidate mechanistic aspects of NP-protein interactions. In most studies, NPs are immersed in protein or biofluid (e.g., blood serum) solutions and then separated from the liquid for analysis. Because this approach may modify the composition and structure of the protein corona, our group has pioneered the use of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) as an in situ technique, capable of examining NP-protein interactions while the NPs are suspended in biological fluids. FCS allows us to measure, with subnanometer precision and as a function of protein concentration, the increase in hydrodynamic radius of the NPs due to protein adsorption. This Account aims at reviewing recent progress in the exploration of NP-protein interactions by using FCS. In vitro FCS studies of the adsorption of important serum proteins onto water-solubilized luminescent NPs always showed a stepwise increase of the NP radius upon protein binding in the form of a binding isotherm, regardless of the type of NP and its specific surface functionalization. This observation indicates formation of a protein monolayer on the NP. Structure-based calculations of protein surface potentials revealed that positively charged patches on the proteins interact electrostatically with negatively charged NP surfaces, and the observed protein layer thickness always matched the known molecular dimensions of the proteins binding in certain orientations. Temperature and NP surface functionalization have also been identified as important parameters controlling protein corona formation. Notably, while the corona formed from a single type of serum protein was reversible, protein adsorption from complex biological media such as blood serum was entirely irreversible. These quantitative in vitro studies are of great relevance to the bio-nano community and especially to researchers developing engineered nanomaterials for biological and biomedical applications. Future efforts will be directed toward elucidating kinetic aspects of protein corona formation and the detailed structure of the adsorbed proteins at the molecular level. To better appreciate the biological responses triggered by NP exposure, more efforts will be devoted to the exploration of the biomolecular corona as it forms on NPs in contact with living cells, tissues, and even entire model organisms. These studies are challenging when performed in a well-controlled and quantitative fashion and rely on the availability of sophisticated analytical tools, particularly, quantitative optical imaging techniques including FCS and related fluctuation methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Shang
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Center
for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - G. Ulrich Nienhaus
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute
of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Department
of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Francis JE, Mason D, Lévy R. Evaluation of quantum dot conjugated antibodies for immunofluorescent labelling of cellular targets. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 8:1238-1249. [PMID: 28685124 PMCID: PMC5480344 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.8.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor quantum dots (Qdots) have been utilised as probes in fluorescence microscopy and provide an alternative to fluorescent dyes and fluorescent proteins due to their brightness, photostability, and the possibility to excite different Qdots with a single wavelength. In spite of these attractive properties, their implemenation by biologists has been somewhat limited and only a few Qdot conjugates are commercially available for the labelling of cellular targets. Although many protocols have been reported for the specific labelling of proteins with Qdots, the majority of these relied on Qdot-conjugated antibodies synthesised specifically by the authors (and therefore not widely available), which limits the scope of applications and complicates replication. Here, the specificity of a commercially available, Qdot-conjugated secondary antibody (Qdot-Ab) was tested against several primary IgG antibodies. The antigens were labelled simultaneously with a fluorescent dye coupled to a secondary antibody (Dye-Ab) and the Qdot-Ab. Although, the Dye-Ab labelled all of the intended target proteins, the Qdot-Ab was found bound to only some of the protein targets in the cytosol and could not reach the nucleus, even after extensive cell permeabilisation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Francis
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
| | - David Mason
- Centre for Cell Imaging, Institute of Integrative Biology, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
| | - Raphaël Lévy
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Martynenko IV, Litvin AP, Purcell-Milton F, Baranov AV, Fedorov AV, Gun'ko YK. Application of semiconductor quantum dots in bioimaging and biosensing. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:6701-6727. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01425b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this review we present new concepts and recent progress in the application of semiconductor quantum dots (QD) as labels in two important areas of biology, bioimaging and biosensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I. V. Martynenko
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
- 12489 Berlin
- Germany
- ITMO University
- St. Petersburg
| | | | | | | | | | - Y. K. Gun'ko
- ITMO University
- St. Petersburg
- Russia
- School of Chemistry and CRANN
- Trinity College Dublin
| |
Collapse
|