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Chang PY, Zhang BY, Cui S, Qu C, Shao LH, Xu TK, Qu YQ, Dong LH, Wang J. MSC-derived cytokines repair radiation-induced intra-villi microvascular injury. Oncotarget 2017; 8:87821-87836. [PMID: 29152123 PMCID: PMC5675675 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Microvascular injury initiates the pathogenesis of radiation enteropathy. As previously demonstrated, the secretome from mesenchymal stem cells contains various angiogenic cytokines that exhibited therapeutic potential for ischemic lesions. As such, the present study aimed to investigate whether cytokines derived from mesenchymal stem cells can repair endothelial injuries from irradiated intestine. Here, serum-free medium was conditioned by human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and we found that there were several angiogenic cytokines in the medium, including IL-8, angiogenin, HGF and VEGF. This medium promoted the formation of tubules between human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells and protected these cells against radiation-induced apoptosis in vitro. Likewise, our in vivo results revealed that repeated injections of mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium could accelerate the recovery of irradiated mice by reducing the serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1α, IL-6 and TNF-α, and promoting intra-villi angiogenesis. Herein, intervention by conditioned medium could increase the number of circulating endothelial progenitors, whereas neutralizing SDF-1α and/or inhibiting PI3K would hamper the recruitment of endothelial progenitors to the injured sites. Such results suggested that SDF-1α and PI3K-mediated phosphorylation were required for intra-villi angiogenesis. To illustrate this, we found that conditioned medium enabled endothelial cells to increase intracellular levels of phosphorylated Akt Ser473, both under irradiated and steady state conditions, and to up-regulate the expression of the CXCR4 and CXCR7 genes. Collectively, the present results revealed the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cell-derived cytokines on microvascular injury of irradiated intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Yu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Jilin 130022, P.R. China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P.R. China
| | - Bo-Yin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Cui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P.R. China
| | - Chao Qu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hong Shao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Kai Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Qin Qu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P.R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Jilin 130022, P.R. China.,Department of Chemistry and Physics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400, USA
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Poljsak B. NAMPT-Mediated NAD Biosynthesis as the Internal Timing Mechanism: In NAD+ World, Time Is Running in Its Own Way. Rejuvenation Res 2017; 21:210-224. [PMID: 28756747 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2017.1975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological age of organisms differs from the chronological age and is determined by internal aging clock(s). How cells estimate time on a scale of 24 hours is relatively well studied; however, how biological time is measured by cells, tissues, organs, or organisms in longer time periods (years and decades) is largely unknown. What is clear and widely agreed upon is that the link to age and age-related diseases is not chronological, as it does not depend on a fixed passage of time. Rather, this link depends on the biological age of an individual cell, tissue, organ, or organism and not on time in a strictly chronological sense. Biological evolution does not invent new methods as often as improving upon already existing ones. It should be easier to evolve and remodel the existing (circadian) time clock mechanism to use it for measurement or regulation of longer time periods than to invent a new time mechanism/clock. Specifically, it will be demonstrated that the circadian clock can also be used to regulate circannual or even longer time periods. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT)-mediated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels, being regulated by the circadian clock, might be the missing link between aging, cell cycle control, DNA damage repair, cellular metabolism and the aging clock, which is responsible for the biological age of an organism. The hypothesis that NAMPT/NAD+/SIRT1 might represent the time regulator that determines the organismal biological age will be presented. The biological age of tissues and organs might be regulated and synchronized through eNAMPT blood secretion. The "NAD World 2.0" concept will be upgraded with detailed insights into mechanisms that regulate NAD+-mediated aging clock ticking, the duration and amplitude of which are responsible for the aging rate of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borut Poljsak
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Baez-Jurado E, Vega GG, Aliev G, Tarasov VV, Esquinas P, Echeverria V, Barreto GE. Blockade of Neuroglobin Reduces Protection of Conditioned Medium from Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Human Astrocyte Model (T98G) Under a Scratch Assay. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:2285-2300. [PMID: 28332151 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0481-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that paracrine factors (conditioned medium) increase wound closure and reduce reactive oxygen species in a traumatic brain injury in vitro model. Although the beneficial effects of conditioned medium from human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCA-CM) have been previously suggested for various neurological diseases, their actions on astrocytic cells are not well understood. In this study, we have explored the effect of hMSCA-CM on human astrocyte model (T98G cells) subjected to scratch assay. Our results indicated that hMSCA-CM improved cell viability, reduced nuclear fragmentation, attenuated the production of reactive oxygen species, and preserved mitochondrial membrane potential and ultrastructural parameters. In addition, hMSCA-CM upregulated neuroglobin in T98G cells and the genetic silencing of this protein prevented the protective action of hMSCA-CM on damaged cells, suggesting that neuroglobin is mediating, at least in part, the protective effect of hMSCA-CM. Overall, this evidence suggests that the use of hMSCA-CM is a promising therapeutic strategy for the protection of astrocytic cells in central nervous system (CNS) pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Baez-Jurado
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | - Gina Guio Vega
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, 142432, Russia
- GALLY International Biomedical Research Consulting LLC, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- School of Health Science and Healthcare Administration, University of Atlanta, Johns Creek, GA, 30097, USA
| | - Vadim V Tarasov
- Institute of Pharmacy and Translational Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 2-4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st., 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Paula Esquinas
- Facultad Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Valentina Echeverria
- Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Lientur 1457, 4030000, Concepción, Chile
| | - George E Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia.
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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54
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Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate hyperglycemia through regulating hepatic glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 483:435-441. [PMID: 28013047 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been identified in the rapid alleviation in hyperglycemia of diabetic individuals, but the mechanism involved has not been adequately explained by these cells' potential role in modulating system insulin sensitivity and islet regeneration. In this study, we demonstrated adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) produced significantly lower blood glucose via promoting hepatic glycogen synthesis and inhibiting hepatic glucose production within 24 h after infusion in T2DM rats. In vitro, HepG2 cells treated with palmitate (PA) were used as a model of hepatic glucose metabolism disorder to confirm that ASCs stimulates the phosphorylation of hepatic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to restores hepatic glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes. In summary, this study indicated that ASCs improve hyperglycemia via regulating hepatic glucose metabolism. Additionally, the effect of ASCs on hepatic glucose metabolism depended on the AMPK signaling pathway. Thus, this is the new research of the molecular mechanisms of MSCs administration to improve glucose metabolism, and it may indicate a new treatment target of MSCs in T2DM.
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An X, Li L, Chen Y, Luo A, Ni Z, Liu J, Yuan Y, Shi M, Chen B, Long D, Cheng J, Lu Y. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorated Glucolipotoxicity in HUVECs through TSG-6. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:483. [PMID: 27043548 PMCID: PMC4848939 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17040483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucolipotoxicity is one of the critical causal factors of diabetic complications. Whether mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have effects on glucolipotoxicity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and mechanisms involved are unclear. Thirty mM glucose plus 100 μM palmitic acid was used to induce glucolipotoxicity in HUVECs. MSCs and HUVECs were co-cultured at the ratio of 1:5 via Transwell system. The mRNA expressions of inflammatory factors were detected by RT-qPCR. The productions of reactive oxygen species (ROS), cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. The tumor necrosis factor-α stimulated protein 6 (TSG-6) was knockdown in MSCs by RNA interference. High glucose and palmitic acid remarkably impaired cell viability and tube formation capacity, as well as increased the mRNA expression of inflammatory factors, ROS levels, and cell apoptosis in HUVECs. MSC co-cultivation ameliorated these detrimental effects in HUVECs, but no effect on ROS production. Moreover, TSG-6 was dramatically up-regulated by high glucose and fatty acid stimulation in both MSCs and HUVECs. TSG-6 knockdown partially abolished the protection mediated by MSCs. MSCs had protective effects on high glucose and palmitic acid induced glucolipotoxicity in HUVECs, and TSG-6 secreted by MSCs was likely to play an important role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing An
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health; West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Lan Li
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health; West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Younan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health; West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, CHIRI Biosciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
| | - Ai Luo
- Sichuan Neo-Life Stem Cell Biotech Inc. Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Zuyao Ni
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada.
| | - Jingping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health; West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yujia Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health; West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Meimei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health; West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Bo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health; West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Dan Long
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health; West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Jingqiu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health; West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yanrong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Ministry of Health; West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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