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What's new in IBD therapy: An "omics network" approach. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:104886. [PMID: 32428668 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The industrial revolution that began in the late 1800s has resulted in dramatic changes in the environment, human lifestyle, dietary habits, social structure, and so on. Almost certainly because this rapid evolution has outpaced the ability of the body to adapt to a number of environmental and behavioral changes, there has been a parallel emergence of several chronic inflammatory diseases, among which are inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), primarily ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. The ability to treat these conditions has progressively improved in the last 50 years, particularly in the last couple of decades with the introduction of biological therapy targeting primarily soluble mediators produced by inflammatory cells. A large number of biologics are now available, but all of them induce similarly unsatisfactory (<50%) rates of clinical response and remission, and most of them lose efficacy over time, requiring dose escalation or switching from one biologic to another. So, treatment of IBD still needs improvement that will occur only if different approaches are taken. A reason why even the most recent forms of IBD therapy are unsatisfactory is because they target only selected components of an exceedingly complex pathophysiological process, a reality that must be honestly considered if better IBD therapies are to be achieved. Brand new approaches must integrate all relevant factors in their totality - the "omes" - and identify the key controllers of biological responses. This can be accomplished by using systems biology-based approaches and advanced bioinformatics tools, which together represent the essence of network medicine. This review looks at the past and the present of IBD pathogenesis and therapy, and discusses how to develop new therapies based on a network medicine approach.
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Chen Q, Fang X, Yao N, Wu F, Xu B, Chen Z. Suppression of miR-330-3p alleviates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis and apoptosis by upregulating the endoplasmic reticulum stress components XBP1. Hereditas 2020; 157:18. [PMID: 32386518 PMCID: PMC7211341 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-020-00135-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore the biological activities of miR-330-3p in dextan sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis and apoptosis and the direct target of miR-330-3p in this process. HT-29 cells and male C57BL/6 mice were used to examine the function of miR-330-3p in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Expression of miRNA and mRNA was measured using quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR). Western blotting was used to measure the change of protein expression. Flow cytometry was used to determine cell apoptosis and luciferase assay was used to confirm the direct target of miR-330-3p. Results miR-330-3p expression was increased by DSS in both HT-29 cells and mice. Upregulation miR-330-3p induced cell apoptosis, mice weight loss and ulcerative colitis in vivo, which could prevent by suppression of miR-330-3p. Cell apoptosis related protein expression, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP was also inhibited by miR-330-3p overexpression and elevated by miR-330-3p inhibition both in vitro and in vivo. Luciferase assay confirmed that 3′ untranslated region (3′-UTR) of XBP1 is the directed target of miR-330-3p and Western blotting results have showed that protein expression of XBP1 was decreased by miR-330-3p mimics and increased by miR-330-3p inhibitor. Conclusion miR-330-3p is upregulated by DSS in both HT-29 cells and mice and promoted ulcerative colitis and cell apoptosis by targeting of 3′-UTR of XBP1, which is a key component of ER stress. Inhibition of miR-330-3p prevent DSS-induced ulcerative colitis and cell apoptosis mediated by upregulation of XBP1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, Shulan(hangzhou) Hospital, No. 848, Road Dongxin, District Xiacheng, Hangzhou City, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Xiaoming Fang
- Department of General Surgery, 903th hospital of PLA, Hangzhou City, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ning Yao
- Department of General Surgery, 903th hospital of PLA, Hangzhou City, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, Shulan(hangzhou) Hospital, No. 848, Road Dongxin, District Xiacheng, Hangzhou City, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Biao Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, Shulan(hangzhou) Hospital, No. 848, Road Dongxin, District Xiacheng, Hangzhou City, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhengguang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, Shulan(hangzhou) Hospital, No. 848, Road Dongxin, District Xiacheng, Hangzhou City, 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
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Chen X, Mao R, Su W, Yang X, Geng Q, Guo C, Wang Z, Wang J, Kresty LA, Beer DG, Chang AC, Chen G. Circular RNA circHIPK3 modulates autophagy via MIR124-3p-STAT3-PRKAA/AMPKα signaling in STK11 mutant lung cancer. Autophagy 2020; 16:659-671. [PMID: 31232177 PMCID: PMC7138221 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1634945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of circular RNA in cancer is emerging. A newly reported circular RNA HIPK3 (circHIPK3) is critical in cell proliferation of various cancer types, although its role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), has yet to be elucidated. Our results provided evidence that silencing of circHIPK3 significantly impaired cell proliferation, migration, invasion and induced macroautophagy/autophagy. Mechanistically, we uncovered that autophagy was induced upon loss of circHIPK3 via the MIR124-3p-STAT3-PRKAA/AMPKa axis in STK11 mutant lung cancer cell lines (A549 and H838). STAT3 abrogation as well as transfection with a MIR124-3p mimic, recapitulated the induction of autophagy. We also demonstrated antagonistic regulation on autophagy between circHIPK3 and linear HIPK3 (linHIPK3). We therefore propose that the ratio between circHIPK3 and linHIPK3 (C:L ratio) may reflect autophagy levels in cancer cells. We observed that a high C:L ratio (>0.49) was an indicator of poor survival, especially in advanced-stage NSCLC patients. These results support that circHIPK3 is a key autophagy regulator in a subset of lung cancer and has potential clinical use as a prognostic factor. The circular RNA HIPK3 (circHIPK3) functions as an oncogene and autophagy regulator may potential use as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target in lung cancer.Abbreviations 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ATG7: autophagy related 7; Baf-A: bafilomycin A1; BECN1: beclin 1; circHIPK3: circular HIPK3; CQ: chloroquine; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GFP: green fluorescent protein; HIPK3: homeodomain interacting protein kinase 3; IL6R: interleukin 6 receptor; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; NSCLC: non-small cell lung cancer; RFP: red fluorescent protein; RPS6KB1/S6K: ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; STAT3: signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; STK11: serine/threonine kinase 11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyuan Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Rui Mao
- Cancer Center, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Wenmei Su
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xia Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qianqian Geng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chunfang Guo
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Zhuwen Wang
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Laura A. Kresty
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - David G. Beer
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Andrew C. Chang
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Guoan Chen
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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Chen X, Mao R, Su W, Yang X, Geng Q, Guo C, Wang Z, Wang J, Kresty LA, Beer DG, Chang AC, Chen G. Circular RNA circHIPK3 modulates autophagy via MIR124-3p-STAT3-PRKAA/AMPKα signaling in STK11 mutant lung cancer. Autophagy 2020. [PMID: 31232177 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2019.163494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of circular RNA in cancer is emerging. A newly reported circular RNA HIPK3 (circHIPK3) is critical in cell proliferation of various cancer types, although its role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), has yet to be elucidated. Our results provided evidence that silencing of circHIPK3 significantly impaired cell proliferation, migration, invasion and induced macroautophagy/autophagy. Mechanistically, we uncovered that autophagy was induced upon loss of circHIPK3 via the MIR124-3p-STAT3-PRKAA/AMPKa axis in STK11 mutant lung cancer cell lines (A549 and H838). STAT3 abrogation as well as transfection with a MIR124-3p mimic, recapitulated the induction of autophagy. We also demonstrated antagonistic regulation on autophagy between circHIPK3 and linear HIPK3 (linHIPK3). We therefore propose that the ratio between circHIPK3 and linHIPK3 (C:L ratio) may reflect autophagy levels in cancer cells. We observed that a high C:L ratio (>0.49) was an indicator of poor survival, especially in advanced-stage NSCLC patients. These results support that circHIPK3 is a key autophagy regulator in a subset of lung cancer and has potential clinical use as a prognostic factor. The circular RNA HIPK3 (circHIPK3) functions as an oncogene and autophagy regulator may potential use as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target in lung cancer.Abbreviations 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ATG7: autophagy related 7; Baf-A: bafilomycin A1; BECN1: beclin 1; circHIPK3: circular HIPK3; CQ: chloroquine; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GFP: green fluorescent protein; HIPK3: homeodomain interacting protein kinase 3; IL6R: interleukin 6 receptor; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; NSCLC: non-small cell lung cancer; RFP: red fluorescent protein; RPS6KB1/S6K: ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; STAT3: signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; STK11: serine/threonine kinase 11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyuan Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Rui Mao
- Cancer Center, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Wenmei Su
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xia Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qianqian Geng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunfang Guo
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Zhuwen Wang
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Laura A Kresty
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - David G Beer
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Andrew C Chang
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Guoan Chen
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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Vuokila N, Aronica E, Korotkov A, van Vliet EA, Nuzhat S, Puhakka N, Pitkänen A. Chronic Regulation of miR-124-3p in the Perilesional Cortex after Experimental and Human TBI. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072418. [PMID: 32244461 PMCID: PMC7177327 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) dysregulates microRNAs, which are the master regulators of gene expression. Here we investigated the changes in a brain-enriched miR-124-3p, which is known to associate with major post-injury pathologies, such as neuroinflammation. RT-qPCR of the rat tissue sampled at 7 d and 3 months in the perilesional cortex adjacent to the necrotic lesion core (aPeCx) revealed downregulation of miR-124-3p at 7 d (fold-change (FC) 0.13, p < 0.05 compared with control) and 3 months (FC 0.40, p < 0.05) post-TBI. In situ hybridization confirmed the downregulation of miR-124-3p at 7 d and 3 months post-TBI in the aPeCx (both p < 0.01). RT-qPCR confirmed the upregulation of the miR-124-3p target Stat3 in the aPeCx at 7 d post-TBI (7-fold, p < 0.05). mRNA-Seq revealed 312 downregulated and 311 upregulated miR-124 targets (p < 0.05). To investigate whether experimental findings translated to humans, we performed in situ hybridization of miR-124-3p in temporal lobe autopsy samples of TBI patients. Our data revealed downregulation of miR-124-3p in individual neurons of cortical layer III. These findings indicate a persistent downregulation of miR-124-3p in the perilesional cortex that might contribute to post-injury neurodegeneration and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niina Vuokila
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; (N.V.); (S.N.); (A.P.)
| | - Eleonora Aronica
- Department of (Neuro)pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (E.A.); (A.K.); (E.A.v.V.)
- Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), 0397 Heemstede, The Netherlands
| | - Anatoly Korotkov
- Department of (Neuro)pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (E.A.); (A.K.); (E.A.v.V.)
| | - Erwin Alexander van Vliet
- Department of (Neuro)pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (E.A.); (A.K.); (E.A.v.V.)
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, P.O. Box 94246, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Salma Nuzhat
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; (N.V.); (S.N.); (A.P.)
| | - Noora Puhakka
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; (N.V.); (S.N.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +358-40-861-4939
| | - Asla Pitkänen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; (N.V.); (S.N.); (A.P.)
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Wang A, Deng S, Chen X, Yu C, Du Q, Wu Y, Chen G, Hu L, Hu C, Li Y. miR-29a-5p/STAT3 Positive Feedback Loop Regulates TETs in Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2020; 26:524-533. [PMID: 31750910 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izz281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin (IL)-6/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling plays an important role in the development of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). The mechanism of CAC formation remains unclear, and the relationship between miRNAs and the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway in the development of CAC is not well understood. In this study, we investigated the relationship between miR-29a-5p and the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway in the development of CAC and alterations in 10-11 translocations (TETs) regulated by this network. METHODS miR-29a-5p was screened in a CAC mouse model by high-throughput microarray analysis and investigated in human colorectal cancer tissue samples and colon cell lines by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (Q-RTPCR). The expression of miR-29a and TETs was detected by Q-RTPCR, and the expression of STAT3/P-STAT3 and TET3 was detected via Western blot assay. The expression of TET1 and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) was detected through immunofluorescence. RESULTS Our results showed that miR-29a-5p was significantly upregulated and was accompanied by STAT3 activation in the colon tissues of CAC mouse and human colorectal cancer tissues, as compared with normal colon tissues. In contrast, the levels of TETs and 5hmC were decreased. In vitro, overexpression of miR-29a-5p in colonic cell lines (HCT-116 and IEC-6) and RAW264.7 cells increased STAT3 expression, but decreased that of TET3, TET1, and 5hmC. miR-29a-5p downregulation in HCT-116 and IEC-6 cell lines could rescue the expression of STAT3 and TET3. Notably, STAT3 activation induced by IL-6 upregulated miR-29a-5p expression and reduced TET expression in vitro, although STAT3 inhibitor treatment downregulated miR-29a-5p expression, which was induced by IL-6. CONCLUSIONS Our studies showed that tumor development occurred with inflammation. The miR-29a-5p/STAT3 signaling axis could play an important role in the development of CAC, and the miR-29a-5p/STAT3 positive feedback loop may amplify the effects of inflammation, lead to decreased levels of TET and 5hmC, and eventually lead to the development of CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiping Wang
- Pi-Wei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Song Deng
- Pi-Wei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Pi-Wei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang Yu
- Pi-Wei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qun Du
- Pi-Wei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanli Wu
- Pi-Wei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medical, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ling Hu
- Pi-Wei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenxia Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanwu Li
- Pi-Wei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Shi Y, Dai S, Qiu C, Wang T, Zhou Y, Xue C, Yao J, Xu Y. MicroRNA-219a-5p suppresses intestinal inflammation through inhibiting Th1/Th17-mediated immune responses in inflammatory bowel disease. Mucosal Immunol 2020; 13:303-312. [PMID: 31628427 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-019-0216-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-219a-5p has been implicated in the development of numerous progression of carcinoma and autoimmune diseases. However, whether miR-219a-5p is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains elusive. In this study, we demonstrated that miR-219a-5p expression was significantly decreased in the inflamed intestinal mucosa and peripheral blood (PB)-CD4+ T cells from patients with IBD. Proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-6, IL-12, IL-23 and TNF-α) inhibited miR-219a-5p expression in CD4+ T cells in vitro. Lentivirus-mediated miR-219a-5p downregulation facilitated Th1/Th17 cell differentiation, whereas miR-219a-5p overexpression exerted an opposite effect. Luciferase assays confirmed that ETS variant 5 (ETV5) was a functional target of miR-219a-5p and ETV5 expression was significantly increased in the inflamed intestinal mucosa and PB-CD4+ T cells from IBD patients. ETV5 overexpression enhanced Th1/Th17 immune response through upregulating the phosphorylation of STAT3 and STAT4. Importantly, supplementation of miR-219a-5p ameliorated TNBS-induced intestinal mucosal inflammation, characterized by decreased IFN-γ+ CD4+ T cells and IL-17A+ CD4+ T cells infiltration in the colonic lamina propria. Our data thus reveal a novel mechanism whereby miR-219a-5p suppresses intestinal inflammation through inhibiting Th1/Th17-mediated immune responses. miR-219a-5p might be a target for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, China
| | - Shenglan Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, China
| | - Caiyu Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, China
| | - Cuihua Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, China.
| | - Yaping Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, China.
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Altaf-Ul-Amin M, Karim MB, Hu P, ONO N, Kanaya S. Discovery of inflammatory bowel disease-associated miRNAs using a novel bipartite clustering approach. BMC Med Genomics 2020; 13:10. [PMID: 32093721 PMCID: PMC7038528 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-020-0660-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidimensional data mining from an integrated environment of different data sources is frequently performed in computational system biology. The molecular mechanism from the analysis of a complex network of gene-miRNA can aid to diagnosis and treatment of associated diseases. METHODS In this work, we mainly focus on finding inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) associated microRNAs (miRNAs) by biclustering the miRNA-target interactions aided by known IBD risk genes and their associated miRNAs collected from several sources. We rank different miRNAs by attributing to the dataset size and connectivity of IBD associated genes in the miRNA regulatory modules from biclusters. We search the association of some top-ranking miRNAs to IBD related diseases. We also search the network of discovered miRNAs to different diseases and evaluate the similarity of those diseases to IBD. RESULTS According to different literature, our results show the significance of top-ranking miRNA to IBD or related diseases. The ratio analysis supports our ranking method where the top 20 miRNA has approximately tenfold attachment to IBD genes. From disease-associated miRNA network analysis we found that 71% of different diseases attached to those miRNAs show more than 0.75 similarity scores to IBD. CONCLUSION We successfully identify some miRNAs related to IBD where the scoring formula and disease-associated network analysis show the significance of our method. This method can be a promising approach for isolating miRNAs for similar types of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Naoaki ONO
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
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Dinu AR, Rogobete AF, Bratu T, Popovici SE, Bedreag OH, Papurica M, Bratu LM, Sandesc D. Cannabis Sativa Revisited-Crosstalk between microRNA Expression, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Endocannabinoid Response System in Critically Ill Patients with Sepsis. Cells 2020; 9:E307. [PMID: 32012914 PMCID: PMC7072707 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Critically ill patients with sepsis require a multidisciplinary approach, as this situation implies multiorgan distress, with most of the bodily biochemical and cellular systems being affected by the condition. Moreover, sepsis is characterized by a multitude of biochemical interactions and by dynamic changes of the immune system. At the moment, there is a gap in our understanding of the cellular, genetic, and molecular mechanisms involved in sepsis. One of the systems intensely studied in recent years is the endocannabinoid signaling pathway, as light was shed over a series of important interactions of cannabinoid receptors with biochemical pathways, specifically for sepsis. Furthermore, a series of important implications on inflammation and the immune system that are induced by the activity of cannabinoid receptors stimulated by the delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) have been noticed. One of the most important is their ability to reduce the biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory mediators and the modulation of immune mechanisms. Different studies have reported that cannabinoids can reduce oxidative stress at mitochondrial and cellular levels. The aim of this review paper was to present, in detail, the important mechanisms modulated by the endocannabinoid signaling pathway, as well as of the molecular and cellular links it has with sepsis. At the same time, we wish to present the possible implications of cannabinoids in the most important biological pathways involved in sepsis, such as inflammation, redox activity, immune system, and epigenetic expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Raluca Dinu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.R.D.); (A.F.R.); (S.E.P.); (M.P.); (L.M.B.); (D.S.)
| | - Alexandru Florin Rogobete
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.R.D.); (A.F.R.); (S.E.P.); (M.P.); (L.M.B.); (D.S.)
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 325100 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Tiberiu Bratu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.R.D.); (A.F.R.); (S.E.P.); (M.P.); (L.M.B.); (D.S.)
| | - Sonia Elena Popovici
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.R.D.); (A.F.R.); (S.E.P.); (M.P.); (L.M.B.); (D.S.)
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 325100 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Horea Bedreag
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.R.D.); (A.F.R.); (S.E.P.); (M.P.); (L.M.B.); (D.S.)
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 325100 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marius Papurica
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.R.D.); (A.F.R.); (S.E.P.); (M.P.); (L.M.B.); (D.S.)
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 325100 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Lavinia Melania Bratu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.R.D.); (A.F.R.); (S.E.P.); (M.P.); (L.M.B.); (D.S.)
| | - Dorel Sandesc
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.R.D.); (A.F.R.); (S.E.P.); (M.P.); (L.M.B.); (D.S.)
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 325100 Timisoara, Romania
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Xiong L, Zhou H, Zhao Q, Xue L, Al-Hawwas M, He J, Wu M, Zou Y, Yang M, Dai J, He M, Wang T. Overexpression of miR-124 Protects Against Neurological Dysfunction Induced by Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 40:737-750. [PMID: 31916069 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-019-00769-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a major cause of lifelong disabilities worldwide, without effective therapies and clear regulatory mechanisms. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as a significant regulator in neuroregeneration and neuronal apoptosis, thus holding great potential as therapeutic targets in HIE. In this study, we established the hypoxia-ischemia (HI) model in vivo and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model in vitro. Zea-longa score and magnetic resonance imaging were applied to verify HI-induced neuronal dysfunction and brain infarction. Subsequently, a miRNA microarray analysis was employed to profile miRNA transcriptomes. Down-regulated miR-124 was found 24 h after HIE, which corresponded to the change in PC12, SHSY5Y, and neurons after OGD. To determine the function of miR-124, mimics and lentivirus-mediated overexpression were used to regulate miR-124 in vivo and in vitro, respectively. Our results showed that miR-124 overexpression obviously promoted cell survival and suppressed neuronal apoptosis. Further, the memory and neurological function of rats was also obviously improved at 1 and 2 months after HI, indicated by the neurological severity score, Y-maze test, open field test, and rotating rod test. Our findings showed that overexpression of miR-124 can be a promising new strategy for HIE therapy in future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liulin Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Haoli Zhou
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Qiong Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Lulu Xue
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Mohammed Al-Hawwas
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Jingyuan He
- Institute of Neuroscience, Animal Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650031, China
| | - Maxiu Wu
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Yu Zou
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Mingan Yang
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, 92182, USA
| | - Jing Dai
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Manxi He
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
| | - Tinghua Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China. .,The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China. .,Institute of Neuroscience, Animal Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650031, China.
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PRAS40 hyperexpression promotes hepatocarcinogenesis. EBioMedicine 2020; 51:102604. [PMID: 31901857 PMCID: PMC6950779 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.102604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers, whereas the molecular mechanism remains largely unknown. PRAS40 (encoded by AKT1S1) phosphorylation was increased in human melanoma, prostate cancer and lung cancer specimens, which was considered as the results of Akt activation. However the mechanism in detail and its role in HCC stay elusive. Methods PRAS40 expression and phosphorylation were analyzed in HCC specimens, and the survival rates of patients were investigated. Functional analyses of PRAS40 in HCC were performed in vivo and in vitro. The miR-124-3p binding sites in PRAS40 were investigated using luciferase assay. MiR-124-3p expression in HCC specimens was examined by In Situ hybridization, and the correlation to PRAS40 level was evaluated. Findings The phosphorylation, protein and mRNA levels of PRAS40 were increased significantly in HCC specimens from our cohorts and TCGA database, which was positively correlated to the poor prognosis of HCC patients. Compared to Akt1s1+/+ mice, hepatocarcinogenesis was suppressed in Akt1s1−/− mice, and the activation of Akt was impaired. PRAS40 depletion resulted in the inhibition of HCC cellular proliferation. Tumor suppressor miR-124-3p was found to downregulate PRAS40 expression by targeting its 3′UTR. MiR-124-3p levels were inversely correlated to PRAS40 protein and phosphorylation levels in HCC specimens. The proliferation inhibition by miR-124-3p mimics was partially reversed by exogenous PRAS40 introduction in HCC cells. Interpretation PRAS40 hyperexpression induced by loss of miR-124-3p contributes to PRAS40 hyperphosphorylation and hepatocarcinogenesis. These results could be expected to offer novel clues for understanding hepatocarcinogenesis and developing approaches.
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Liu Y, Li Y, Ni J, Shu Y, Wang H, Hu T. MiR-124 attenuates doxorubicin-induced cardiac injury via inhibiting p66Shc-mediated oxidative stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 521:420-426. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.10.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Wang JW, Pan YB, Cao YQ, Wang C, Jiang WD, Zhai WF, Lu JG. Loganin alleviates LPS-activated intestinal epithelial inflammation by regulating TLR4/NF-κB and JAK/STAT3 signaling pathways. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2019; 36:257-264. [PMID: 31859422 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, recurrent gastrointestinal inflammation that affects millions of people around the world. Loganin, an iridoid glycoside, has shown the anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effect of loganin on IBD and its underlying molecular mechanism are not clear. The present study aimed to investigate whether loganin could alleviate IBD and its mechanisms. The intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cell line was treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish an in vitro IBD model. MTT assay was used to detect cell viability. The expression and release level of inflammatory factors were determined by both real-time-PCR and ELISA. Western blotting was used to assess the NF-κB and JAK/STAT3 pathway-related protein levels. The results showed that loganin repressed the expression and release of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β, and inhibited TLR4/NF-κB and JAK/STAT3 signaling pathways in a concentration-dependent manner. Overexpression of TLR4 could reverse the effect of loganin, leading to activation of NF-κB signaling and production of inflammatory factors. Meanwhile, IGF-1, a JAK/STAT3 signaling activator, could also reverse the anti-inflammation effect of loganin. In conclusion, loganin inhibited LPS-activated intestinal epithelial inflammation by repressing TLR4/NF-κB and JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wen Wang
- Department of Anal & Intestinal Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Bin Pan
- Department of Anal & Intestinal Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Qing Cao
- Department of Anal & Intestinal Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Anal & Intestinal Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Dong Jiang
- Department of Anal & Intestinal Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Feng Zhai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Gen Lu
- Department of Anal & Intestinal Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Hossian AKMN, Mackenzie GG, Mattheolabakis G. miRNAs in gastrointestinal diseases: can we effectively deliver RNA-based therapeutics orally? Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:2873-2889. [PMID: 31735124 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid-based therapeutics are evaluated for their potential of treating a plethora of diseases, including cancer and inflammation. Short nucleic acids, such as miRNAs, have emerged as versatile regulators for gene expression and are studied for therapeutic purposes. However, their inherent instability in vivo following enteral and parenteral administration has prompted the development of novel methodologies for their delivery. Although research on the oral delivery of siRNAs is progressing, with the development and utilization of promising carrier-based methodologies for the treatment of a plethora of gastrointestinal diseases, research on miRNA-based oral therapeutics is lagging behind. In this review, we present the potential role of miRNAs in diseases of the GI tract, and analyze current research and the cardinal features of the novel carrier systems used for nucleic acid oral delivery that can be expanded for oral miRNA administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K M Nawshad Hossian
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical & Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | | | - George Mattheolabakis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical & Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
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Zeng Z, Mukherjee A, Zhang H. From Genetics to Epigenetics, Roles of Epigenetics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Genet 2019; 10:1017. [PMID: 31737035 PMCID: PMC6834788 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a destructive, recurrent, and heterogeneous disease. Its detailed pathogenesis is still unclear, although available evidence supports that IBD is caused by a complex interplay between genetic predispositions, environmental factors, and aberrant immune responses. Recent breakthroughs with regard to its genetics have offered valuable insights into the sophisticated genetic basis, but the identified genetic factors only explain a small part of overall disease variance. It is becoming increasingly apparent that epigenetic factors can mediate the interaction between genetics and environment, and play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of IBD. This review outlines recent genetic and epigenetic discoveries in IBD, with a focus on the roles of epigenetics in disease susceptibility, activity, behavior and colorectal cancer (CRC), and their potential translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Hu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Shen X, Zhao L, Chen P, Gong Y, Liu D, Zhang X, Dai L, Sun Q, Lou J, Jin Z, Zhang B, Niu D, Chen C, Qi X, Jia D. A thiazole-derived oridonin analogue exhibits antitumor activity by directly and allosterically inhibiting STAT3. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:17471-17486. [PMID: 31594861 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) occurs in ∼70% of human cancers, and STAT3 is regarded as one of the most promising targets for cancer therapy. However, specific direct STAT3 inhibitors remain to be developed. Oridonin is an ent-kaurane plant-derived diterpenoid with anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Here, using an array of cell-based and biochemical approaches, including cell proliferation and apoptosis assays, pulldown and reporter gene assays, site-directed mutagenesis, and molecular dynamics analyses, we report that a thiazole-derived oridonin analogue, CYD0618, potently and directly inhibits STAT3. We found that CYD0618 covalently binds to Cys-542 in STAT3 and suppresses its activity through an allosteric effect, effectively reducing STAT3 dimerization and nuclear translocation, as well as decreasing expression of STAT3-targeted oncogenes. Remarkably, CYD0618 not only strongly inhibited growth of multiple cancer cell lines that harbor constitutive STAT3 activation, but it also suppressed in vivo tumor growth via STAT3 inhibition. Taken together, our findings suggest Cys-542 as a druggable site for selectively inhibiting STAT3 and indicate that CYD0618 represents a promising lead compound for developing therapeutic agents against STAT3-driven diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Shen
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Peihao Chen
- School of Life Science, Peking University, Beijing 100084, China.,National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yanqiu Gong
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dingdong Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lunzhi Dai
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qingxiang Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jizhong Lou
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhong Jin
- Computer Network Information Center and Center of Scientific Computing Applications and Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Baohua Zhang
- Computer Network Information Center and Center of Scientific Computing Applications and Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dawen Niu
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Xiangbing Qi
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing 102206, China
| | - Da Jia
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu 610041, China
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Iacob S, Iacob DG. Infectious Threats, the Intestinal Barrier, and Its Trojan Horse: Dysbiosis. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1676. [PMID: 31447793 PMCID: PMC6692454 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The ecosystem of the gut microbiota consists of diverse intestinal species with multiple metabolic and immunologic activities and it is closely connected with the intestinal epithelia and mucosal immune response, with which it builds a complex barrier against intestinal pathogenic bacteria. The microbiota ensures the integrity of the gut barrier through multiple mechanisms, either by releasing antibacterial molecules (bacteriocins) and anti-inflammatory short-chain fatty acids or by activating essential cell receptors for the immune response. Experimental studies have confirmed the role of the intestinal microbiota in the epigenetic modulation of the gut barrier through posttranslational histone modifications and regulatory mechanisms induced by epithelial miRNA in the epithelial lumen. Any quantitative or functional changes of the intestinal microbiota, referred to as dysbiosis, alter the immune response, decrease epithelial permeability and destabilize intestinal homeostasis. Consequently, the overgrowth of pathobionts (Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, and Escherichia coli) favors intestinal translocations with Gram negative bacteria or their endotoxins and could trigger sepsis, septic shock, secondary peritonitis, or various intestinal infections. Intestinal infections also induce epithelial lesions and perpetuate the risk of bacterial translocation and dysbiosis through epithelial ischemia and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, the decline of protective anaerobic bacteria (Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus) and inadequate release of immune modulators (such as butyrate) affects the release of antimicrobial peptides, de-represses microbial virulence factors and alters the innate immune response. As a result, intestinal germs modulate liver pathology and represent a common etiology of infections in HIV immunosuppressed patients. Antibiotic and antiretroviral treatments also promote intestinal dysbiosis, followed by the selection of resistant germs which could later become a source of infections. The current article addresses the strong correlations between the intestinal barrier and the microbiota and discusses the role of dysbiosis in destabilizing the intestinal barrier and promoting infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Iacob
- Infectious Diseases Department, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.,National Institute of Infectious Diseases "Prof. Dr. Matei Balş", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Diana Gabriela Iacob
- Infectious Diseases Department, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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Liu S, Zhang S, Lv X, Lu J, Ren C, Zeng Z, Zheng L, Zhou X, Fu H, Zhou D, Chen Y. Limonin ameliorates ulcerative colitis by regulating STAT3/miR-214 signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 75:105768. [PMID: 31382166 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a major inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) which has become a global public health problem. Limonin is a triterpenoid extracted from citrus which possesses the capacities to against inflammations and cell apoptosis. However, the efficacy and the underlying mechanisms of limonin in the treatment of UC remain unclear. In this study, we first investigated the therapeutic effects of limonin on dextran sodiumsulfate (DSS)-induced UC in vivo by examining the changes of disease activity index (DAI), the colon length, the colon histology, and cyto/chemokine levels. We found that limonin markedly reduced DAI, intestinal damages, and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6. In vitro, limonin significantly repressed the productions of pro-inflammatory cytokines in cultured normal colonic epithelial cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that limonin improved the prognosis of UC mainly through downregulating p-STAT3/miR-214 levels. Collectively, our results suggested that limonin was a novel therapeutic agent and it was expected to be translated into the clinic to improve the prognosis of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijia Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Shufang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Xiangyu Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Jiawei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Cong Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Zhiqin Zeng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Lufeng Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Xianke Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Haiyan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States.
| | - Yugen Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
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Santos AS, Cunha Neto E, Fukui RT, Ferreira LRP, Silva MER. Increased Expression of Circulating microRNA 101-3p in Type 1 Diabetes Patients: New Insights Into miRNA-Regulated Pathophysiological Pathways for Type 1 Diabetes. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1637. [PMID: 31396209 PMCID: PMC6665278 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are master regulators of post-transcriptional gene expression, and they are often dysregulated in individuals suffering from diabetes. We investigated the roles of miR-101-3p and miR-204-5p, both of which negatively regulate insulin secretion and cell survival and are highly expressed in pancreatic β cells, in the context of type 1 diabetes (T1D) pathogenesis. Using quantitative real time PCR, we evaluated serum levels of miR-101-3p and miR-204-5p in four groups, including recent-onset T1D patients (T1D group; n = 50), individuals with normal glucose levels expressing one islet autoantibody (Ab) (single Ab group; n = 26) or multiple autoantibodies (multiple Ab group; n = 12), and healthy controls (control group; n = 43). An in silico analysis was performed to identify potential target genes of these miRNAs and to delineate enriched pathways. The relative expression of serum miR-101-3p was approximately three times higher in the multiple Ab and T1D groups than that in the single Ab and control groups (p < 0.0001). When considering all groups together, miR-101-3p expression was positively correlated with the level of islet autoantibodies GADA (r = 0.267; p = 0.0027) and IA-2A (r = 0.291; p = 0.001), and the expression of the miRNA was not correlated with levels of ZnT8A (r = 0.125; p = 0.183). miR-101-3p expression did not correlate with HbA1c (r = 0.178; p = 0.052) or glucose levels (r = 0.177; p = 0.051). No significant differences were observed in miR-204-5p expression among the analyzed groups. Computational analysis of the miR-101-3p target gene pathways indicated a potential activation of the HGF/c-Met, Ephrin receptor, and STAT3 signaling pathways. Our study demonstrated that the circulating levels of miR-101-3p are higher in T1D patients and in individuals with normal glucose levels, testing positive for multiple autoantibodies, indicating that miR-101-3p precedes loss of glucose homeostasis. The pathogenic role of miR-101-3p in T1D may involve multiple molecular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritania S Santos
- Laboratório de Carboidratos e Radioimunoensios - LIM/18, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edecio Cunha Neto
- Heart Institute (InCor) and Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy - LIM60, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.,Institute for Investigation in Immunology, National Institutes of Science and Technology (iii-INCT), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosa T Fukui
- Laboratório de Carboidratos e Radioimunoensios - LIM/18, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ludmila R P Ferreira
- RNA Systems Biology Laboratory (RSBL), Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria Elizabeth R Silva
- Laboratório de Carboidratos e Radioimunoensios - LIM/18, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Feng Y, Zhang Y, Zhou D, Chen G, Li N. MicroRNAs, intestinal inflammatory and tumor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:2051-2058. [PMID: 31213403 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most malignant tumor. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can increase the risk of colorectal cancer. And colitis-associated cancer (CAC) is a CRC subtype, representing the inflammation-related colorectal cancer. For the past decades, we have known that ectopic microRNA (miRNA) expression was involved in the pathogenesis of IBD and CRC, playing a pivotal role in the progression of inflammation to colorectal cancer. Thus, this review provides the recent advances in altered human tissue-specific miRNAs that contribute to IBD, CRC and CAC pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. Meanwhile, the potential utilization of miRNAs as novel therapeutic targets for the prevention of CRC was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Tianjin Vocational College of Bioengineering, Tianjin 300462, China
| | - Di Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Ning Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Zhang L, Zhang X, Si F. MicroRNA-124 represents a novel diagnostic marker in human lupus nephritis and plays an inhibitory effect on the growth and inflammation of renal mesangial cells by targeting TRAF6. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:1578-1588. [PMID: 31933975 PMCID: PMC6947142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRs) are short non-coding RNAs that function as guide molecules in RNA silencing by inducing mRNA degradation or blocking protein translation. Increasing evidence has shown that miRNAs play an important role in regulating the pathological process of lupus nephritis (LN), but the precise role of miR-124 in LN is still unknown. Here, we found that miR-124 expression is significantly reduced in patients with active LN compared with those patients with non-active LN and the absence of LN. Additionally, the miR-124 level was negatively correlated with serum IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and TRAF6 mRNA expressions in active LN patients. Receiver operating characteristic and logistic regression analyses revealed miR-124 is a significant diagnostic biomarker for active LN. Furthermore, transfection of the miR-124 mimic into human renal mesangial cells (HRMCs) resulted in significantly reduced cell proliferation, induced cell apoptosis, and decreased synthesis of inflammatory factors. Moreover, a dual luciferase assay showed that TRAF6 was a direct target of miR-124, and the expression of TRAF6 was suppressed by miR-124 through direct binding to the 3'-UTR of mRNA. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the over-expression of TRAF6 could abrogate miR-124-related effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis and the synthesis of inflammatory factors in HRMCs. Taken together, these findings indicate that downregulated miR-124 represents a novel diagnostic marker in human LN and plays an inhibitory effect on the growth and inflammation of renal mesangial cells by targeting TRAF6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Nephropathy, Tianjin Nankai HospitalTianjin, China
| | - Xingkun Zhang
- Department of Nephropathy, Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin, China
| | - Fuquan Si
- Department of Nephropathy, Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin, China
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73
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Modulation of the IL-6-Signaling Pathway in Liver Cells by miRNAs Targeting gp130, JAK1, and/or STAT3. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 16:419-433. [PMID: 31026677 PMCID: PMC6479786 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6)-type cytokines share the common receptor glycoprotein 130 (gp130), which activates a signaling cascade involving Janus kinases (JAKs) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) transcription factors. IL-6 and/or its signaling pathway is often deregulated in diseases, such as chronic liver diseases and cancer. Thus, the identification of compounds inhibiting this pathway is of interest for future targeted therapies. We established novel cellular screening systems based on a STAT-responsive reporter gene (Cypridina luciferase). Of a library containing 538 microRNA (miRNA) mimics, several miRNAs affected hyper-IL-6-induced luciferase activities. When focusing on candidate miRNAs specifically targeting 3′ UTRs of signaling molecules of this pathway, we identified, e.g., miR-3677-5p as a novel miRNA affecting protein expression of both STAT3 and JAK1, whereas miR-16-1-3p, miR-4473, and miR-520f-3p reduced gp130 surface expression. Interestingly, combination treatment with 2 or 3 miRNAs targeting gp130 or different signaling molecules of the pathway did not increase the inhibitory effects on phospho-STAT3 levels and STAT3 target gene expression compared to treatment with single mimics. Taken together, we identified a set of miRNAs of potential therapeutic value for cancer and inflammatory diseases, which directly target the expression of molecules within the IL-6-signaling pathway and can dampen inflammatory signal transduction.
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74
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Ferreira PVDALS, Cavalcanti ADS, Silva GAPD. Linear growth and bone metabolism in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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75
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Ferreira PVDALS, Cavalcanti ADS, Silva GAPD. Linear growth and bone metabolism in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2019; 95 Suppl 1:59-65. [PMID: 30562479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the pathophysiology and evaluation methods of linear growth and bone mineral density in children and adolescents diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease. SOURCE OF DATA Narrative review carried out in the PubMed and Scopus databases through an active search of the terms: inflammatory bowel disease, growth, failure to thrive, bone health, bone mineral density, and children and adolescents, related to the last ten years, searching in the title, abstract, or keyword fields. SYNTHESIS OF FINDINGS Inflammatory bowel diseases of childhood onset may present as part of the clinical picture of delayed linear growth in addition to low bone mineral density. The presence of a chronic inflammatory process with elevated serum levels of inflammatory cytokines negatively interferes with the growth rate and bone metabolism regulation, in addition to increasing energy expenditure, compromising nutrient absorption, and favoring intestinal protein losses. Another important factor is the chronic use of glucocorticoids, which decreases the secretion of growth hormone and the gonadotrophin pulses, causing pubertal and growth spurt delay. In addition to these effects, they inhibit the replication of osteoblastic lineage cells and stimulate osteoclastogenesis. CONCLUSION Insufficient growth and low bone mineral density in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease are complex problems that result from multiple factors including chronic inflammation, malnutrition, decreased physical activity, late puberty, genetic susceptibility, and immunosuppressive therapies, such as glucocorticoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Velez de Andrade Lima Simões Ferreira
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente (PPGSCA), Recife, PE, Brazil; Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Giselia Alves Pontes da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente (PPGSCA), Recife, PE, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Departamento Materno-Infantil, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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76
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Yan JK, Zhang T, Dai LN, Gu BL, Zhu J, Yan WH, Cai W, Wang Y. CELF1/p53 axis: a sustained antiproliferative signal leading to villus atrophy under total parenteral nutrition. FASEB J 2018; 33:3378-3391. [PMID: 30514107 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801695r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal villus atrophy is a major complication of total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Our previous study revealed that TPN-induced villus atrophy is accompanied by elevated expression of CUGBP, Elav-like family member 1 (CELF1); however, its mechanism of action has not been fully understood. Herein, we report a pivotal role of CELF1/p53 axis, which induces a sustained antiproliferative signal, leading to suppressed proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). By using a rat model of TPN, we found synchronous upregulation of CELF1 and p53 in jejunum mucosa, accompanied by a 51% decrease in crypt cell proliferation rate. By using HCT-116 cells as an IEC model in vitro, we found that the expression of CELF1 altered dynamically in parallel to proliferation rate, suggesting a self-adaptive expression pattern in IECs in vitro. Furthermore, ectopic overexpression of CELF1 elicited a significant antiproliferative effect in HCT-116, Caco-2, and IEC-6 cells, whereas knockdown of CELF1 elicited a significant proproliferative effect. Moreover, cell-cycle assay revealed that ectopic overexpression of CELF1 induced sustained G2 arrest and G1 arrest in HCT-116 and IEC-6 cells, respectively, which could be abolished by p53 silencing. Mechanistically, polysomal profiling and nascent protein analysis revealed that regulation of p53 by CELF1 was mediated through accelerating its protein translation in polysomes. Taken together, our findings revealed a sustained suppression of IEC proliferation evoked by CELF1/p53 axis, which may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of TPN-induced villus atrophy.-Yan, J.-K., Zhang, T., Dai, L.-N., Gu, B.-L., Zhu, J., Yan, W.-H., Cai, W., Wang, Y. CELF1/p53 axis: a sustained antiproliferative signal leading to villus atrophy under total parenteral nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Kai Yan
- Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; and.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Li-Na Dai
- Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Bei-Lin Gu
- Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; and.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Wei-Hui Yan
- Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Wei Cai
- Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; and.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; and.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai, China
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77
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Buch S, Periyasamy P, Guo M. Involvement of Epigenetic Promoter DNA Methylation of miR-124 in the Pathogenesis of HIV-1-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders. Epigenet Insights 2018; 11:2516865718806904. [PMID: 30443645 PMCID: PMC6233963 DOI: 10.1177/2516865718806904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the efficacy of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in controlling viremia, the central nervous system (CNS) continues to harbor viral reservoirs. The persistence of low-level virus replication leads to the accumulation of early viral proteins, including HIV-1 Transactivator of transcription (HIV-1 Tat) protein. Based on the premise that cART does not impact levels of HIV-1 Tat, and since the CNS is inaccessible to the cART regimens, HIV-1-Tat-mediated neuroinflammation has been implicated as an underlying mediator of HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). The mechanism(s) underlying the pathogenesis of HAND, however, remain less understood. Understanding the epigenetic/molecular mechanism(s) by which viral proteins such as HIV-1 Tat activate microglia is thus of paramount importance. The study published by Periyasamy et al provides new mechanistic insights into the role of HIV-1-Tat-mediated DNA methylation of miR-124 promoter in regulating microglial activation via the MECP2-STAT3 signaling axis. Furthermore, the authors have also reported that exposure of mouse primary microglial cells to HIV-1 Tat notably increased DNA methylation of primary miR-124-1 and primary miR-124-2 promoters (with no change in primary miR-124-3), resulting in turn to downregulated expression of both primary miR-124-1 and primary miR-124-2 as well as mature miR-124 in mouse primary microglial cells. The authors also examined the involvement of MECP2-STAT3 signaling in HIV-1-Tat-mediated microglial activation. Based on these novel findings, it is evident that dysregulation of miR-124 is involved in the pathogenesis of HAND and that restoration of miR-124 could serve as an adjunctive treatment for dampening neuroinflammation associated with HAND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Buch
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Palsamy Periyasamy
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Minglei Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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78
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Zhao Z, Han Y, Zhang Z, Li W, Ji X, Liu X, Jin J, Xu S, Cui H, Cheng Z, Wang Q, Wang X, Guo X, Wang Y, Liu H. Total glucosides of paeony improves the immunomodulatory capacity of MSCs partially via the miR-124/STAT3 pathway in oral lichen planus. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:151-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Mirnoori SM, Shahangian SS, Salehi Z, Mashayekhi F, Talesh Sasani S, Saedi HS. Influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms in pri-miR-124-1 and STAT3 genes on gastric cancer susceptibility. Br J Biomed Sci 2018; 75:182-186. [PMID: 29938592 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2018.1492206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small ribonucleic acids that modulate the expression of downstream target genes. There is considerable evidence of their involvement in many malignancies, such as oesophageal and gastric. We hypothesised altered expressions of pri-miR-124-1 rs531564 and STAT3 rs1053023 polymorphisms in gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of 250 patients with gastric cancer and 310 healthy individuals. The RFLP method was applied for determination of pri-miR-124 polymorphism and the AS-PCR method for STAT3 polymorphism. RESULTS The distribution of rs531564 genotypes in cases and controls was different: the G allele carriers had a reduced gastric cancer risk (OR = 0.62; 95%CI = 0.49-0.80, P = 0.0002). Presence of the minor allele of STAT3 (rs1053023) was linked with higher risk of gastric cancer (OR = 2.29; 95% CI = 1.79-2.93, P < 0.0001). Compared with the most frequent haplotype C-G [the SNP order was pri-miR-124-1 (rs531564) and STAT3 (rs1053023)] in controls, C-A haplotype was associated with a significantly increased risk of gastric cancer (OR = 2.28; 95%CI = 1.64-3.09, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION There is a strong link between pri-miR-124-1 rs531564 and STAT3 rs1053023 and gastric cancer that may be pathogenic, and so worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Mirnoori
- a Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences , University of Guilan , Rasht , Iran
| | - S S Shahangian
- a Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences , University of Guilan , Rasht , Iran
| | - Zivar Salehi
- a Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences , University of Guilan , Rasht , Iran
| | - F Mashayekhi
- a Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences , University of Guilan , Rasht , Iran
| | - S Talesh Sasani
- a Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences , University of Guilan , Rasht , Iran
| | - H S Saedi
- b Department of Radiation Oncology , Cancer Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS) , Rasht , Iran
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80
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Mitchell J, Kim SJ, Koukos G, Seelmann A, Veit B, Shepard B, Blumer-Schuette S, Winter HS, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C, Im E, Rhee SH. Colonic Inhibition of Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Increases Colitogenic Bacteria, Causing Development of Colitis in Il10-/- Mice. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018; 24:1718-1732. [PMID: 29788382 PMCID: PMC6231371 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten) is capable of mediating microbe-induced immune responses in the gut. Thus, Pten deficiency in the intestine accelerates colitis development in Il10-/- mice. As some ambient pollutants inhibit Pten function and exposure to ambient pollutants may increase inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) incidence, it is of interest to examine how Pten inhibition could affect colitis development in genetically susceptible hosts. Methods With human colonic mucosa biopsies from pediatric ulcerative colitis and non-IBD control subjects, we assessed the mRNA levels of the PTEN gene and the gene involved in IL10 responses. The data from the human tissues were corroborated by treating Il10-/-, Il10rb-/-, and wild-type C57BL/6 mice with Pten-specific inhibitor VO-OHpic. We evaluated the severity of mouse colitis by investigating the tissue histology and cytokine production. The gut microbiome was investigated by analyzing the 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence with mouse fecal samples. Results PTEN and IL10RB mRNA levels were reduced in the human colonic mucosa of pediatric ulcerative colitis compared with non-IBD subjects. Intracolonic treatment of the Pten inhibitor induced colitis in Il10-/- mice, characterized by reduced body weight, marked colonic damage, and increased production of inflammatory cytokines, whereas Il10rb-/- and wild-type C57BL/6 mice treated with the inhibitor did not develop colitis. Pten inhibitor treatment changed the fecal microbiome, with increased abundance of colitogenic bacteria Bacteroides and Akkermansia in Il10-/- mice. Conclusions Loss of Pten function increases the levels of colitogenic bacteria in the gut, thereby inducing deleterious colitis in an Il10-deficient condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon Mitchell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan
| | - Su Jin Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Georgios Koukos
- Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, California
| | - Alexandra Seelmann
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan
| | - Brendan Veit
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan
| | - Brooke Shepard
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan
| | | | - Harland S Winter
- Pediatric IBD Center, Mass General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dimitrios Iliopoulos
- Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, California
| | - Charalabos Pothoulakis
- Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, California
| | - Eunok Im
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Rhee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan
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81
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Yang Y, Alderman C, Sehlaoui A, Xiao Y, Wang W. MicroRNAs as Immunotherapy Targets for Treating Gastroenterological Cancers. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 2018:9740357. [PMID: 30046565 PMCID: PMC6038585 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9740357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastroenterological cancers are the most common cancers categorized by systems and are estimated to comprise 18.4% of all cancers in the United States in 2017. Gastroenterological cancers are estimated to contribute 26.2% of cancer-related death in 2017. Gastroenterological cancers are characterized by late diagnosis, metastasis, high recurrence, and being refractory to current therapies. Since the current targeted therapies provide limited benefit to the overall response and survival, there is an urgent need for developing novel therapeutic strategy to improve the outcome of gastroenterological cancers. Immunotherapy has been developed and underwent clinical trials, but displayed limited therapeutic benefit. Since aberrant expressions of miRNAs are found in gastroenterological cancers and miRNAs have been shown to regulate antitumor immunity, the combination therapy combining the traditional antibody-based immunotherapy and novel miRNA-based immunotherapy is promising for achieving clinical success. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the miRNAs and long noncoding RNAs that exhibit immunoregulatory roles in gastroenterological cancers and precancerous diseases of digestive system, as well as the miRNA-based clinical trials for gastroenterological cancers. This review also analyzes the ongoing challenge of identifying appropriate therapy candidates for complex and dynamic tumor microenvironment, ensuring efficient and targeted delivery to specific cancer tissues, and developing strategy for avoiding off-target effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Yang
- College of Natural, Applied and Health Sciences, Kean University, 100 Morris Avenue, Union, NJ 07083, USA
| | - Christopher Alderman
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado, 13001 E 17th Pl, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ayoub Sehlaoui
- Department of Biological Sciences, Emporia State University, 1 Kellogg Circle, Emporia, KS 66801, USA
| | - Yuan Xiao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Emporia State University, 1 Kellogg Circle, Emporia, KS 66801, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery III, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, China
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82
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Tahamtan A, Teymoori-Rad M, Nakstad B, Salimi V. Anti-Inflammatory MicroRNAs and Their Potential for Inflammatory Diseases Treatment. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1377. [PMID: 29988529 PMCID: PMC6026627 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a complicated biological and pathophysiological cascade of responses to infections and injuries, and inflammatory mechanisms are closely related to many diseases. The magnitude, the complicated network of pro- and anti-inflammatory factors, and the direction of the inflammatory response can impact on the development and progression of various disorders. The currently available treatment strategies often target the symptoms and not the causes of inflammatory disease and may often be ineffective. Since the onset and termination of inflammation are crucial to prevent tissue damage, a range of mechanisms has evolved in nature to regulate the process including negative and positive feedback loops. In this regard, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key gene regulators to control inflammation, and it is speculated that they are fine-tune signaling regulators to allow for proper resolution and prevent uncontrolled progress of inflammatory reactions. In this review, we discuss recent findings related to significant roles of miRNAs in immune regulation, especially the potential utility of these molecules as novel anti-inflammatory agents to treat inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the possibilities of using miRNAs as drugs in the form of miRNA mimics or miRNA antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Tahamtan
- Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Majid Teymoori-Rad
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Britt Nakstad
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vahid Salimi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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83
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Toiyama Y, Okugawa Y, Boland CR, Goel A. Reply. Gastroenterology 2018; 154:2274-2275. [PMID: 29750909 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Toiyama
- Center for Gastrointestinal Research, Center for Translational Genomics and Oncology, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and Charles A Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor Research Institute and Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas and Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Division of Reparative Medicine, Institute of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Yoshinaga Okugawa
- Center for Gastrointestinal Research, Center for Translational Genomics and Oncology, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and Charles A Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor Research Institute and Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas and Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Division of Reparative Medicine, Institute of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - C Richard Boland
- Center for Gastrointestinal Research, Center for Translational Genomics and Oncology, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and Charles A Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor Research Institute and Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Ajay Goel
- Center for Gastrointestinal Research, Center for Translational Genomics and Oncology, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and Charles A Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor Research Institute and Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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Echinacoside alleviated LPS-induced cell apoptosis and inflammation in rat intestine epithelial cells by inhibiting the mTOR/STAT3 pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 104:622-628. [PMID: 29803175 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and progressive inflammatory condition of colon and small intestine. Echinacoside (ECH) is a phenylethanoid glycoside that possesses various activities, including anti-inflammatory effect. However, the role of ECH in IBD is unknown. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of ECH on LPS-induced rat intestine epithelial cells and the potential mechanisms. The results showed that LPS inhibited cell viability in time- and dose-dependent manners. ECH treatment attenuated the inhibition effect of LPS on cell viability. ECH alleviated LPS-induced apoptosis of rat intestine epithelial cells. ECH attenuated LPS-induced secretion and mRNA expression of TNF-α and IL-6, but enhanced LPS-induced secretion and mRNA expression of IL-10 and TGF-β1 in IEC-6 cells. The mTOR/STAT3 pathway was activated by LPS, while the activation was inhibited by ECH. Rapamycin, an inhibitor of mTOR, reversed the effect of LPS on rat intestine epithelial cells. In summary, this work suggested that ECH attenuated LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis in rat intestine epithelial cells via suppressing the mTOR/STAT3 pathway. The findings indicated that ECH might be considered as a potential strategy for the treatment of IBD.
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85
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Epigenetic Promoter DNA Methylation of miR-124 Promotes HIV-1 Tat-Mediated Microglial Activation via MECP2-STAT3 Axis. J Neurosci 2018; 38:5367-5383. [PMID: 29760177 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3474-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study demonstrates HIV-1 Tat-mediated epigenetic downregulation of microglial miR-124 and its association with microglial activation. Exposure of mouse primary microglia isolated from newborn pups of either sex to HIV-1 Tat resulted in decreased expression of primary miR-124-1, primary miR-124-2 as well as the mature miR-124. In parallel, HIV-1 Tat exposure to mouse primary microglial cells resulted in increased expression of DNA methylation enzymes, such as DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B, which were also accompanied by increased global DNA methylation. Bisulfite-converted genomic DNA sequencing in the HIV-1 Tat-exposed mouse primary microglial cells further confirmed increased DNA methylation of the primary miR-124-1 and primary miR-124-2 promoters. Bioinformatic analyses identified MECP2 as a novel 3'-UTR target of miR-124. This was further validated in mouse primary microglial cells wherein HIV-1 Tat-mediated downregulation of miR-124 resulted in increased expression of MECP2, leading in turn to further repression of miR-124 via the feedback loop. In addition to MECP2, miR-124 also modulated the levels of STAT3 through its binding to the 3'-UTR, leading to microglial activation. Luciferase assays and Ago2 immunoprecipitation determined the direct binding between miR-124 and 3'-UTR of both MECP2 and STAT3. Gene silencing of MECP2 and DNMT1 and overexpression of miR-124 blocked HIV-1 Tat-mediated downregulation of miR-124 and microglial activation. In vitro findings were also confirmed in the basal ganglia of SIV-infected rhesus macaques (both sexes). In summary, our findings demonstrate a novel mechanism of HIV-1 Tat-mediated activation of microglia via downregulation of miR-124, leading ultimately to increased MECP2 and STAT3 signaling.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Despite the effectiveness of combination antiretroviral therapy in controlling viremia, the CNS continues to harbor viral reservoirs. The persistence of low-level virus replication leads to the accumulation of early viral proteins, including HIV-1 Tat protein. Understanding the epigenetic/molecular mechanism(s) by which viral proteins, such as HIV-1 Tat, can activate microglia is thus of paramount importance. This study demonstrated that HIV-1 Tat-mediated DNA methylation of the miR-124 promoter leads to its downregulation with a concomitant upregulation of the MECP2-STAT3-IL6, resulting in microglial activation. These findings reveal an unexplored epigenetic/molecular mechanism(s) underlying HIV-1 Tat-mediated microglial activation, thereby providing a potential target for the development of therapeutics aimed at ameliorating microglial activation and neuroinflammation in the context of HIV-1 infection.
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86
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Ma J, Weng L, Wang Z, Jia Y, Liu B, Wu S, Cao Y, Sun X, Yin X, Shang M, Mao A. MiR-124 induces autophagy-related cell death in cholangiocarcinoma cells through direct targeting of the EZH2-STAT3 signaling axis. Exp Cell Res 2018. [PMID: 29530475 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a lethal cancer associated with chronic inflammation that has increased in prevalence in recent decades. The dysregulated expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been detected in various types of malignancies, and depending on the target genes this can result in miRNAs functioning as tumor suppressors or oncogenes. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-124 in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and found that its expression was significantly downregulated in the tumor tissue of patients and in CCA cell lines. Our results provided evidence that miR-124 induces apoptotic cell death and triggers the autophagic flux in CCA cells. EZH2 and STAT3 were identified as direct targets of miR-124. The effect of miR-124 on EZH2 expression in CCA cells was evaluated using cell transfection, xenotransplantation into nude mice and a luciferase reporter assay. Silencing of EZH2 restored the effects of miR-124, whereas overexpression of EZH2 abrogated the effects of miR-124. Silencing of Beclin1 or ATG5 abrogated the effects of miR-124 or siEZH2. In vivo, overexpression of miR-124 dramatically induced autophagy-related cell death and suppressed tumorigenicity. Taken together, our findings indicated that downregulation of miR-124 expression was associated with disease progression in human CCA and we revealed that miR-124 exerts a tumor suppressive function in CCA by inducing autophagy-related cell death via direct targeting of the EZH2-STAT3 signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ma
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xian Xia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Li Weng
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xian Xia Road, Shanghai 200336, China.
| | - Zhongmin Wang
- Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.
| | - Yiping Jia
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xian Xia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Bingyan Liu
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xian Xia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Shaoqiu Wu
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xian Xia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Yan Cao
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xian Xia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Xianjun Sun
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xian Xia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Xiang Yin
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xian Xia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Mingyi Shang
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xian Xia Road, Shanghai 200336, China.
| | - Aiwu Mao
- Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xian Xia Road, Shanghai 200336, China.
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87
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ElSharawy A, Röder C, Becker T, Habermann JK, Schreiber S, Rosenstiel P, Kalthoff H. Concentration of circulating miRNA-containing particles in serum enhances miRNA detection and reflects CRC tissue-related deregulations. Oncotarget 2018; 7:75353-75365. [PMID: 27683108 PMCID: PMC5342746 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The emerging potential of miRNAs as biomarkers for cancer detection demands parallel evaluation of strategies for reliable identification of disease-related signatures from easily accessible and pertinent body compartments. Here, we addressed whether efficient concentration of circulating miRNA-carrying particles is a rationale for miRNA biomarker discovery. We systematically compared miRNA signatures in 93 RNA preparations from three serum entities (whole serum, particle-concentrated, and particle-depleted fractions) and corresponding tissue samples from patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) as a model disease. Significant differences between whole sera and particle-concentrated serum fractions of CRC patients emerged for 45 of 742 tested miRNAs. Twenty-eight of these 45 miRNAs were differentially expressed between particle-concentrated serum fractions of metastatic CRC- and healthy individuals. Over half of these candidates (15 of 28) showed deregulations only in concentrated serum fractions, but not in whole sera, compared to the respective controls.Our results also provided evidence of a consistent downregulation of miR-486 and miR-92a, and further showed a possible "strand-specific" deregulation of extracellular miRNAs in CRC. More importantly, most of the identified miRNAs in the enriched sera reflected the patterns of the corresponding tumor tissues and showed links to cancer-related inflammation. Further investigation of seven serum pools revealed a subset of potential extracellular miRNA candidates to be implicated in both neoplastic and inflammatory bowel disease.Our findings demonstrate that enrichment and sensitive detection of miRNA carriers is a promising approach to detect CRC-related pathological changes in liquid biopsies, and has potential for clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdou ElSharawy
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany.,Faculty of Sciences, Division of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Damietta University, New Damietta City, Egypt
| | - Christian Röder
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Department of General Surgery, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jens K Habermann
- Section for Translational Surgical Oncology and Biobanking, Department of Surgery, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany.,Clinic for Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Holger Kalthoff
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
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88
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Soroosh A, Koutsioumpa M, Pothoulakis C, Iliopoulos D. Functional role and therapeutic targeting of microRNAs in inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018; 314:G256-G262. [PMID: 29146677 PMCID: PMC5866423 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00268.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases, primarily consisting of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. The complex nature of the disease, as well as the limited therapeutic options characterized by low efficiency and major side effects, highlights the importance of developing novel strategies of therapeutic intervention in IBD. Susceptibility loci related to IBD are present only in a small percentage of IBD patients, implying that epigenetic modifications could influence the pathogenesis of the disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate multiple molecular pathways involved in IBD pathobiology. MiRNA inhibitors targeting the IBD-activated miRNAs could have therapeutic value for IBD patients. This review provides an overview of the recent advances in miRNA biology related to IBD pathogenesis and the pharmacological development of miRNA-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artin Soroosh
- 1Center for Systems Biomedicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Marina Koutsioumpa
- 1Center for Systems Biomedicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Charalabos Pothoulakis
- 2Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Dimitrios Iliopoulos
- 1Center for Systems Biomedicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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89
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Ananthakrishnan AN, Bernstein CN, Iliopoulos D, Macpherson A, Neurath MF, Ali RAR, Vavricka SR, Fiocchi C. Environmental triggers in IBD: a review of progress and evidence. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 15:39-49. [PMID: 29018271 DOI: 10.1038/nrgastro.2017.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 506] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A number of environmental factors have been associated with the development of IBD. Alteration of the gut microbiota, or dysbiosis, is closely linked to initiation or progression of IBD, but whether dysbiosis is a primary or secondary event is unclear. Nevertheless, early-life events such as birth, breastfeeding and exposure to antibiotics, as well as later childhood events, are considered potential risk factors for IBD. Air pollution, a consequence of the progressive contamination of the environment by countless compounds, is another factor associated with IBD, as particulate matter or other components can alter the host's mucosal defences and trigger immune responses. Hypoxia associated with high altitude is also a factor under investigation as a potential new trigger of IBD flares. A key issue is how to translate environmental factors into mechanisms of IBD, and systems biology is increasingly recognized as a strategic tool to unravel the molecular alterations leading to IBD. Environmental factors add a substantial level of complexity to the understanding of IBD pathogenesis but also promote the fundamental notion that complex diseases such as IBD require complex therapies that go well beyond the current single-agent treatment approach. This Review describes the current conceptualization, evidence, progress and direction surrounding the association of environmental factors with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin N Ananthakrishnan
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 165 Cambridge Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Charles N Bernstein
- University of Manitoba IBD Clinical and Research Centre, 804-F-175 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg Manitoba R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Dimitrios Iliopoulos
- Center for Systems Biomedicine, Vatche & Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, UCLA, 650 Charles E. Young Drive South CHS 44-133, Los Angeles, California 90095-7278, USA
| | - Andrew Macpherson
- Gastroenterology/UVCM, Inselspital, Freiburgstrasse 8, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Markus F Neurath
- I. Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, University Hospital, Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Raja A Raja Ali
- The National University of Malaysia, UKM Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Stephan R Vavricka
- Triemli Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Birmensdorferstrasse 497, 8063 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudio Fiocchi
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, and Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
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90
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Jia X, Liao Q, Chen S, Wang J, Lai S. Investigation of significant microRNA-mRNA pairs associated with nonspecific digestive disorder in rabbits. WORLD RABBIT SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.4995/wrs.2017.6839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Nonspecific digestive disorders (NSDD) are one of the major intestinal problems in rabbit, with considerable economic losses in industrial rabbit farms. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as small non-coding RNAs, have significant biological involvement in intestinal disorders. In this study, we investigated the expression levels of 25 genes and 25 miRNAs in ileum, rabbit sacculus rotundus (RSR) and colon tissues from 9 rabbits with different severity of NSDD. These molecules have been found to be related to NSDD or inflammatory bowel disease, which will help recognise the miRNA-mRNA pairs. Finally, 108 possible pairs of miRNA-mRNA pairs with an anti-correlation were identified by Pearson’s correlation analysis between differentially expressed 25 miRNAs and 23 mRNAs. Ninety-five of these miRNA-mRNA pairs were hitherto unexplored, and their roles in NSDD biology require further elucidation. Our results give a clue to the potential miRNA-mRNA pairs for the NSDD that can further improve the understanding of the pathogenesis of NSDD in rabbit.
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91
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Fang K, Law IKM, Padua D, Sideri A, Huang V, Kevil CG, Iliopoulos D, Pothoulakis C. MicroRNA-31-3p Is Involved in Substance P (SP)-Associated Inflammation in Human Colonic Epithelial Cells and Experimental Colitis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017; 188:586-599. [PMID: 29253460 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Substance P (SP) mediates colitis. SP signaling regulates the expression of several miRNAs, including miR-31-3p, in human colonocytes. However, the role of miR-31-3p in colitis and the underlying mechanisms has not been elucidated. We performed real-time PCR analysis of miR-31-3p expression in human colonic epithelial cells overexpressing neurokinin-1 receptor (NCM460 NK-1R) in response to SP stimulation and in NCM460 cells after IL-6, IL8, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interferon-γ exposure. Functions of miR-31-3p were tested in NCM460-NK-1R cells and the trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) models of colitis. Targets of miRNA-31-3p were confirmed by Western blot analysis and luciferase reporter assay. Jun N-terminal kinase inhibition decreased SP-induced miR-31-3p expression. miR-31-3p expression was increased in both TNBS- and DSS-induced colitis and human colonic biopsies from ulcerative colitis, compared with controls. Intracolonic administration of a miR-31-3p chemical inhibitor exacerbated TNBS- and DSS-induced colitis and increased colonic TNF-α, CXCL10, and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) mRNA expression. Conversely, overexpression of miR-31-3p ameliorated the severity of DSS-induced colitis. Bioinformatic, luciferase reporter assay, and Western blot analyses identified RhoA as a target of miR-31-3p in NCM460 cells. Constitutive activation of RhoA led to increased expression of CCL2, IL6, TNF-α, and CXCL10 in NCM460-NK-1R cells on SP stimulation. Our results reveal a novel SP-miR-31-3p-RhoA pathway that protects from colitis. The use of miR-31-3p mimics may be a promising approach for colitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Fang
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ivy Ka Man Law
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - David Padua
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Aristea Sideri
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Vanessa Huang
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Christopher G Kevil
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - Dimitrios Iliopoulos
- Center for Systems Biomedicine, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Charalabos Pothoulakis
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
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92
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Chew CL, Conos SA, Unal B, Tergaonkar V. Noncoding RNAs: Master Regulators of Inflammatory Signaling. Trends Mol Med 2017; 24:66-84. [PMID: 29246760 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory signaling underlies many diseases, from arthritis to cancer. Our understanding of inflammation has thus far been limited to the world of proteins, because we are only just beginning to understand the role that noncoding RNAs (ncRNA) might play. It is now clear that ncRNA do not constitute transcriptional 'noise' but instead harbor physiological functions in controlling signaling pathways. In this review, we cover the newly discovered mechanisms and functions of ncRNAs in the regulation of inflammatory signaling. We also describe advances in experimental techniques allowing this field of research to take root. These findings have opened new avenues for putative therapeutic intervention in inflammatory diseases, which may be seen translated into clinical outcomes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li Chew
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138673, Singapore; These authors contributed equally
| | - Stephanie Ana Conos
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138673, Singapore; These authors contributed equally
| | - Bilal Unal
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138673, Singapore; Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Vinay Tergaonkar
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138673, Singapore; Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore 117597, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; Centre for Cancer Biology (University of South Australia and SA Pathology), Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
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93
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Nan Y, Wu C, Zhang YJ. Interplay between Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription Signaling Activated by Type I Interferons and Viral Antagonism. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1758. [PMID: 29312301 PMCID: PMC5732261 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs), which were discovered a half century ago, are a group of secreted proteins that play key roles in innate immunity against viral infection. The major signaling pathway activated by IFNs is the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway, which leads to the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), including many antiviral effectors. Viruses have evolved various strategies with which to antagonize the JAK/STAT pathway to influence viral virulence and pathogenesis. In recent years, notable progress has been made to better understand the JAK/STAT pathway activated by IFNs and antagonized by viruses. In this review, recent progress in research of the JAK/STAT pathway activated by type I IFNs, non-canonical STAT activation, viral antagonism of the JAK/STAT pathway, removing of the JAK/STAT antagonist from viral genome for attenuation, and the potential pathogenesis roles of tyrosine phosphorylation-independent non-canonical STATs activation during virus infection are discussed in detail. We expect that this review will provide new insight into the understanding the complexity of the interplay between JAK/STAT signaling and viral antagonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Nan
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Molecular Virology Laboratory, VA-MD Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yan-Jin Zhang
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, VA-MD Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
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94
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de Souza HSP, Fiocchi C, Iliopoulos D. The IBD interactome: an integrated view of aetiology, pathogenesis and therapy. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 14:739-749. [PMID: 28831186 DOI: 10.1038/nrgastro.2017.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are prototypical complex diseases characterized by chronic and heterogeneous manifestations, induced by interacting environmental, genomic, microbial and immunological factors. These interactions result in an overwhelming complexity that cannot be tackled by studying the totality of each pathological component (an '-ome') in isolation without consideration of the interaction among all relevant -omes that yield an overall 'network effect'. The outcome of this effect is the 'IBD interactome', defined as a disease network in which dysregulation of individual -omes causes intestinal inflammation mediated by dysfunctional molecular modules. To define the IBD interactome, new concepts and tools are needed to implement a systems approach; an unbiased data-driven integration strategy that reveals key players of the system, pinpoints the central drivers of inflammation and enables development of targeted therapies. Powerful bioinformatics tools able to query and integrate multiple -omes are available, enabling the integration of genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic and microbiome information to build a comprehensive molecular map of IBD. This approach will enable identification of IBD molecular subtypes, correlations with clinical phenotypes and elucidation of the central hubs of the IBD interactome that will aid discovery of compounds that can specifically target the hubs that control the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heitor S P de Souza
- Department of Gastroenterology & Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Claudio Fiocchi
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
| | - Dimitrios Iliopoulos
- Center for Systems Biomedicine, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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95
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Ciccacci C, Politi C, Biancone L, Latini A, Novelli G, Calabrese E, Borgiani P. Polymorphisms in MIR122, MIR196A2, and MIR124A Genes are Associated with Clinical Phenotypes in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Mol Diagn Ther 2017; 21:107-114. [PMID: 27718165 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-016-0240-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are multifactorial disorders that result from a dysregulated inflammatory response to environmental factors in genetically predisposed individuals. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to be involved in the development of IBDs. AIMS We investigated common variants in five miRNA genes in a cohort of Italian IBD patients, to evaluate their possible role in the disease's susceptibility and phenotype manifestations. METHODS The analysis included 267 CD patients, 207 UC patients, and 298 matched healthy controls. Polymorphisms in the MIR122, MIR499, MIR146A, MIR196A2, and MIR124A genes were evaluated by allelic discrimination assay. RESULTS We did not find associations between mir polymorphisms and IBD susceptibility. In both diseases, rs17669 and rs11614913 (MIR122 and MIR196A2) seem to contribute to clinical phenotypes: ileal location in CD (odds ratio [OR] = 1.82, p = 0.03; OR = 0.51, p = 0.01), and left-sided extent in UC (OR = 0.43, p = 0.05; OR = 0.28, p = 0.002). In CD, the MIR124A polymorphism (rs531564) contributed to colon location (p = 0.03, OR = 2.74). Finally, the variant allele of rs11614913 was associated with early age at onset in both diseases (p = 0.05 and p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS We showed for the first time that polymorphisms in MIR122, MIR196A2, and MIR124A could play a role in clinical phenotype modulation in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Ciccacci
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Genetics Section, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Politi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Genetics Section, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Livia Biancone
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Latini
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Genetics Section, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Genetics Section, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Emma Calabrese
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Borgiani
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Genetics Section, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy.
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96
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Chu XQ, Wang J, Chen GX, Zhang GQ, Zhang DY, Cai YY. Overexpression of microRNA-495 improves the intestinal mucosal barrier function by targeting STAT3 via inhibition of the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway in a mouse model of ulcerative colitis. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 214:151-162. [PMID: 29129493 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We aim to investigate the role of microRNA-495 (miR-495) in the intestinal mucosal barrier by indirectly targeting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) through the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK)/STAT3 signaling pathway in a mouse model of ulcerative colitis (UC). BALB/c mice were selected for establishing mice model of UC, and intestinal tissues of normal and UC mice were collected. ELISA was conducted for detecting levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ and IL-10. The levels of SOD, MPO, MDA and NO were tested in the intestinal tissues. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay was applied to determine whether miR-495 directly targets STAT3. Cells were cultured, transfected and assigned into: normal group, blank group, NC group, miR-495 mimic group, miR-495 inhibitor group, siRNA-STAT3 group and miR-495 inhibitor+siRNA-STAT3 group. MTT was used for testing cell proliferation, flow cytometry for cell cycle and apoptosis. Northern blotting and Western blotting were performed to detect miR-495 expression and expressions of STAT3, JAK and Claudin-1. Results show that the UC group had higher expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ, MPO, MDA, NO, STAT3 and JAK and lower expression levels of IL-10, SOD, miR-495 and Claudin-1, compared to the normal group. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that STAT3 was the target gene of miR-495. The miR-495 mimic and siRNA-STAT3 groups had higher expressions of Claudin-1, higher cell proliferation and increased amount of cells in S phase, but lower expressions of STAT3 and JAK, decreased amount of cells in G0/G1 phase and cell apoptotic rate compared with the blank, NC groups. We also found that the miR-495 inhibitor+siRNA-STAT3 group had reduced miR-495 expression. No significant differences were found in mRNA and protein expressions of STAT3, JAK and Claudin-1, cell proliferation, apoptosis and cycle amongst the miR-495 inhibitor+siRNA-STAT3 groups. Our study provides evidence that miR-495 improves the intestinal mucosal barrier function by targeting STAT3 through inhibiting the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway in UC mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Qun Chu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, No. 6, Jiankang Road, Jining, Shandong Province 272011, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, No. 6, Jiankang Road, Jining, Shandong Province 272011, PR China
| | - Guang-Xiang Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, No. 6, Jiankang Road, Jining, Shandong Province 272011, PR China
| | - Guan-Qi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hubei Provincial People's Hospital, Wuhan 430060, PR China
| | - De-Yong Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, No. 6, Jiankang Road, Jining, Shandong Province 272011, PR China.
| | - Yong-Yan Cai
- The First Department of Pediatrics Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061000, PR China
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97
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Zhu Y, Gu L, Li Y, Lin X, Shen H, Cui K, Chen L, Zhou F, Zhao Q, Zhang J, Zhong B, Prochownik E, Li Y. miR-148a inhibits colitis and colitis-associated tumorigenesis in mice. Cell Death Differ 2017; 24:2199-2209. [PMID: 28960206 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2017.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
miR-148a has been shown to regulate inflammation, immunity and the growth of certain tumors, but its roles in colitis and colorectal tumorigenesis remain largely undetermined. Here we found miR-148a-deficient mice to be more susceptible to colitis and colitis-associated tumorigenesis. Both were associated with increased nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling. Bone marrow- and non-bone marrow-derived miR-148a contributed to colitis and colitis-associated tumorigenesis. miR-148a loss of heterozygosity exacerbated Apcmin/+ colon and small intestinal spontaneous tumor development. Restoring miR-148a expression prevented both spontaneous and carcinogen-induced colon tumor development. miR-148a was downregulated in human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer patient tissues. This correlated with a high degree of miR-148a promoter methylation mediated by a complex comprised of P65 and DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha (DNMT3A). miR-148a directly targets several well-accepted upstream regulators of NF-κB and STAT3 signaling, including GP130, IKKα, IKKβ, IL1R1 and TNFR2, which leads to decreased NF-κB and STAT3 activation in macrophages and colon tissues. Our findings reveal that miR-148a is an indirect tumor suppressor that modulates colitis and colitis-associated tumorigenesis by suppressing the expression of signaling by NF-κB and STAT3 and their pro-inflammatory consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.,Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Li Gu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.,Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yajun Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.,Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xi Lin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.,Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hongxing Shen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.,Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Kaisa Cui
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.,Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Li Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.,Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan 430071 China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory for Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan 430071 China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory for Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jinxiang Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Wuhan Union Hospital, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Bo Zhong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.,Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Edward Prochownik
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.,The Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Youjun Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.,Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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98
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Recent Advances in the Etiopathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The Role of Omics. Mol Diagn Ther 2017; 22:11-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s40291-017-0298-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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99
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic HIV-1 infection leads to widespread inflammation and immune dysregulation. The gastrointestinal mucosa, a primary site for HIV-1 replication, is thought to play a significant role in this response. MicroRNAs (miRs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression, including immune activation and inflammation. Here we investigate miR expression and function in the colonic mucosa during HIV-1 infection. DESIGN AND METHODS Using miR profiling, we examined miR expression in the colonic mucosa of HIV-infected patients. These miRs were further parsed to identify those that most likely function in HIV-related inflammation. Using bioinformatics tools, we identified potential target genes which were confirmed using in-vitro functional testing. RESULTS We identified 12 miRs that were differentially expressed in the colonic mucosa of HIV-infected patients with high versus undetectable plasma viral concentrations. Of these, both miR-26a and miR-29a were downregulated in untreated HIV-1 infection, yet not in the colonic mucosa from inflammatory bowel disease. This downregulation occurs within the first hours after infection. These miRs were further shown to directly target IL-6 and STAT3, respectively, with similar changes confirmed in an ex-vivo explant infection model. CONCLUSION miR-26a and miR-29a levels are decreased in the colonic mucosa during chronic HIV-1 infection, and this change may be initiated during acute infection. Both miRs de-repress the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway, which could contribute to increased inflammation during infection. These miRs may represent novel therapeutic targets for HIV-1-associated inflammation in the colonic mucosa.
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100
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Day AS, Leach ST, Lemberg DA. An update on diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2017; 17:835-843. [PMID: 28770636 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2017.1364160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diagnosis of the chronic inflammatory bowel diseases relies upon initial recognition of an inflammatory condition, followed by definitive endoscopic, histological and radiological investigations. Various biomarkers are available to assist with initial elucidation of an inflammatory process: these also have important roles after diagnosis in monitoring and ongoing assessment of progress. Areas covered: Various inflammatory markers, serological tests and genetic analyses may be helpful in predicting the course of disease in the coming months. This review provides an update on the current understanding and knowledge about these markers. It also highlights key gaps and identifies aspects that require further study. Expert commentary: Our current approach to the application of non-invasive biomarkers is rudimentary. Further work is required to elucidate the roles of the various markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Day
- a Department of Paediatrics , University of Otago (Christchurch) , Christchurch , New Zealand.,b School of Women's and Children's Health , University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
| | - Steven T Leach
- b School of Women's and Children's Health , University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
| | - Daniel A Lemberg
- b School of Women's and Children's Health , University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia.,c Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology , Sydney Children's Hospital , Sydney , Australia
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