51
|
Desminopathies: pathology and mechanisms. Acta Neuropathol 2013; 125:47-75. [PMID: 23143191 PMCID: PMC3535371 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-012-1057-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2012] [Revised: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The intermediate filament protein desmin is an essential component of the extra-sarcomeric cytoskeleton in muscle cells. This three-dimensional filamentous framework exerts central roles in the structural and functional alignment and anchorage of myofibrils, the positioning of cell organelles and signaling events. Mutations of the human desmin gene on chromosome 2q35 cause autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and sporadic myopathies and/or cardiomyopathies with marked phenotypic variability. The disease onset ranges from childhood to late adulthood. The clinical course is progressive and no specific treatment is currently available for this severely disabling disease. The muscle pathology is characterized by desmin-positive protein aggregates and degenerative changes of the myofibrillar apparatus. The molecular pathophysiology of desminopathies is a complex, multilevel issue. In addition to direct effects on the formation and maintenance of the extra-sarcomeric intermediate filament network, mutant desmin affects essential protein interactions, cell signaling cascades, mitochondrial functions, and protein quality control mechanisms. This review summarizes the currently available data on the epidemiology, clinical phenotypes, myopathology, and genetics of desminopathies. In addition, this work provides an overview on the expression, filament formation processes, biomechanical properties, post-translational modifications, interaction partners, subcellular localization, and functions of wild-type and mutant desmin as well as desmin-related cell and animal models.
Collapse
|
52
|
Leccia E, Batonnet-Pichon S, Tarze A, Bailleux V, Doucet J, Pelloux M, Delort F, Pizon V, Vicart P, Briki F. Cyclic stretch reveals a mechanical role for intermediate filaments in a desminopathic cell model. Phys Biol 2012; 10:016001. [PMID: 23234811 DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/10/1/016001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Mechanics is now recognized as crucial in cell function. To date, the mechanical properties of cells have been inferred from experiments which investigate the roles of actin and microtubules ignoring the intermediate filaments (IFs) contribution. Here, we analyse myoblasts behaviour in the context of myofibrillar myopathy resulting from p.D399Y desmin mutation which disorganizes the desmin IF network in muscle cells. We compare the response of myoblasts expressing either mutated or wild-type desmin to cyclic stretch. Cells are cultivated on supports submitted to periodic uniaxial stretch of 20% elongation amplitude and 0.3 Hz frequency. We show that during stretching cycles, cells expressing mutated desmin reduce their mean amplitude both for the elongation and spreading area compared to those expressing wild-type desmin. Even more unexpected, the reorientation angles are altered in the presence of p.D399Y desmin. Yet, at rest, the whole set of those parameters are similar for the two cell populations. Thus, we demonstrate that IFs affect the mechanical properties and the dynamics of cell reorientation. Since these processes are known due to actin cytoskeleton, these results suggest the IFs implication in mechanics signal transduction. Further studies may lead to better understanding of their contribution to this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Leccia
- Université Paris Sud, Paris 11, Laboratoire de Physique des solides, Bat 510-91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
53
|
Brodehl A, Hedde PN, Dieding M, Fatima A, Walhorn V, Gayda S, Šarić T, Klauke B, Gummert J, Anselmetti D, Heilemann M, Nienhaus GU, Milting H. Dual color photoactivation localization microscopy of cardiomyopathy-associated desmin mutants. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:16047-57. [PMID: 22403400 PMCID: PMC3346104 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.313841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Revised: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the DES gene coding for the intermediate filament protein desmin may cause skeletal and cardiac myopathies, which are frequently characterized by cytoplasmic aggregates of desmin and associated proteins at the cellular level. By atomic force microscopy, we demonstrated filament formation defects of desmin mutants, associated with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. To understand the pathogenesis of this disease, it is essential to analyze desmin filament structures under conditions in which both healthy and mutant desmin are expressed at equimolar levels mimicking an in vivo situation. Here, we applied dual color photoactivation localization microscopy using photoactivatable fluorescent proteins genetically fused to desmin and characterized the heterozygous status in living cells lacking endogenous desmin. In addition, we applied fluorescence resonance energy transfer to unravel short distance structural patterns of desmin mutants in filaments. For the first time, we present consistent high resolution data on the structural effects of five heterozygous desmin mutations on filament formation in vitro and in living cells. Our results may contribute to the molecular understanding of the pathological filament formation defects of heterozygous DES mutations in cardiomyopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Brodehl
- From the E. & H. Klessmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research & Development and
| | - Per Niklas Hedde
- the Institute of Applied Physics and Center for Functional Nanostructures, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Mareike Dieding
- the Experimental Biophysics and Applied Nanoscience, Faculty of Physics and Bielefeld Institute for Biophysics and Nanoscience (BINAS), Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Azra Fatima
- the Institute for Neurophysiology, Medical Center, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Volker Walhorn
- the Experimental Biophysics and Applied Nanoscience, Faculty of Physics and Bielefeld Institute for Biophysics and Nanoscience (BINAS), Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Susan Gayda
- the Institute of Applied Physics and Center for Functional Nanostructures, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Tomo Šarić
- the Institute for Neurophysiology, Medical Center, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Bärbel Klauke
- From the E. & H. Klessmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research & Development and
| | - Jan Gummert
- the Clinic of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, Ruhr-University Bochum, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Dario Anselmetti
- the Experimental Biophysics and Applied Nanoscience, Faculty of Physics and Bielefeld Institute for Biophysics and Nanoscience (BINAS), Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Mike Heilemann
- the Department of Biotechnology & Biophysics, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany, and
| | - Gerd Ulrich Nienhaus
- the Institute of Applied Physics and Center for Functional Nanostructures, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- the Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Hendrik Milting
- From the E. & H. Klessmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research & Development and
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Solmaz SR, Chauhan R, Blobel G, Melčák I. Molecular architecture of the transport channel of the nuclear pore complex. Cell 2011; 147:590-602. [PMID: 22036567 PMCID: PMC3431207 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2011.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2011] [Revised: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear pore complex encloses a central channel for nucleocytoplasmic transport, which is thought to consist of three nucleoporins, Nup54, Nup58, and Nup62. However, the structure and composition of the channel are elusive. We determined the crystal structures of the interacting domains between these nucleoporins and pieced together the molecular architecture of the mammalian transport channel. Located in the channel midplane is a flexible Nup54⋅Nup58 ring that can undergo large rearrangements yielding diameter changes from ∼20 to ∼40 nm. Nup62⋅Nup54 triple helices project alternately up and down from either side of the midplane ring and form nucleoplasmic and cytoplasmic entries. The channel consists of as many as 224 copies of the three nucleoporins, amounting to a molar mass of 12.3 MDa and contributing 256 phenylalanine-glycine repeat regions. We propose that the occupancy of these repeat regions with transport receptors modulates ring diameter and transport activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sozanne R Solmaz
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
55
|
Müller SA, Engel A. Looking back at a quarter-century of research at the Maurice E. Müller Institute for Structural Biology. J Struct Biol 2011; 177:3-13. [PMID: 22115996 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2011.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Revised: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The Maurice E. Müller Institute, embedded in the infrastructure of the Biozentrum, University of Basel, was founded in 1985 and financed by the Maurice E. Müller Foundation of Switzerland. For 26 years its two founders, Ueli Aebi and Andreas Engel, pursued the vision of integrated structural biology. This paper reviews selected publications issuing from the Maurice E. Müller Institute for Structural Biology and marks the end of this era.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirley A Müller
- Center for Cellular Imaging and Nano Analytics, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
56
|
Joanne P, Chourbagi O, Agbulut O. [Desmin filaments and their disorganization associated with myofibrillar myopathies]. Biol Aujourdhui 2011; 205:163-77. [PMID: 21982405 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2011016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Desmin, the muscle-specific intermediate filament protein, is one of the earliest markers expressed in all muscle tissues during development. It forms a three-dimensional scaffold around the myofibril Z-disc and connects the entire contractile apparatus to the subsarcolemmal cytoskeleton, the nuclei and other cytoplasmic organelles. Desmin is essential for tensile strength and muscle integrity. In humans, disorganization of the desmin network is associated with cardiac and/or skeletal myopathies characterized by accumulation of desmin-containing aggregates in the cells. Currently, 49 mutations have been identified in desmin gene. The majority of these mutations alter desmin filament assembly process through different molecular mechanisms and also its interaction with its protein partners. Here, we will give an overview of desmin network organization as well as the impact of desmin mutations on this process. Furthermore, we will discuss the different molecular mechanisms implicated in perturbation of the desmin filament assembly process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Joanne
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
57
|
Conover GM, Gregorio CC. The desmin coil 1B mutation K190A impairs nebulin Z-disc assembly and destabilizes actin thin filaments. J Cell Sci 2011; 124:3464-76. [PMID: 21984811 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.087080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Desmin intermediate filaments intimately surround myofibrils in vertebrate muscle forming a mesh-like filament network. Desmin attaches to sarcomeres through its high-affinity association with nebulin, a giant F-actin binding protein that co-extends along the length of actin thin filaments. Here, we further investigated the functional significance of the association of desmin and nebulin in cultured primary myocytes to address the hypothesis that this association is key in integrating myofibrils to the intermediate filament network. Surprisingly, we identified eight peptides along the length of desmin that are capable of binding to C-terminal modules 160-170 in nebulin. In this study, we identified a targeted mutation (K190A) in the desmin coil 1B region that results in its reduced binding with the nebulin C-terminal modules. Using immunofluorescence microscopy and quantitative analysis, we demonstrate that expression of the mutant desmin K190A in primary myocytes results in a significant reduction in assembled endogenous nebulin and desmin at the Z-disc. Non-uniform actin filaments were markedly prevalent in myocytes expressing GFP-tagged desmin K190A, suggesting that the near-crystalline organization of actin filaments in striated muscle depends on a stable interaction between desmin and nebulin. All together, these data are consistent with a model in which Z-disc-associated nebulin interacts with desmin through multiple sites to provide efficient stability to satisfy the dynamic contractile activity of myocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria M Conover
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and the Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
58
|
KOSTAREVA A, SJOBERG G, GUDKOVA A, SMOLINA N, SEMERNIN E, SHLYAKHTO E, SEJERSEN T. Desmin A213V substitution represents a rare polymorphism but not a mutation and is more prevalent in patients with heart dilation of various origins. ACTA MYOLOGICA : MYOPATHIES AND CARDIOMYOPATHIES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SOCIETY OF MYOLOGY 2011; 30:42-5. [PMID: 21842594 PMCID: PMC3185831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Several desmin mutations have been described in patients with cardiomyopathies and distal myopathies. Among them, A213V substitution has been associated with three completely different clinical phenotypes: restrictive cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy and isolated distal myopathy. However, the identification of this substitution also in control subjects has highlighted the question if the A213V shift represents a conditional mutation, giving rise to cardiomyopathy only in the presence of other predisposing factors. The aim of the present work was to study the potential role of this substitution in predisposing to heart dilation. Methods and results. We screened 108 patients with heart dilation due to ischemic heart disease, alcoholic cardiomyopathy or viral myocarditis, and 300 healthy controls for the presence of A213V substitution by direct sequencing and confirmed the results by site-specific restriction. In the control group A213V substitution was identified in 3 out of 300 patients, representing a rare polymorphism with a frequency of approximately 1%, which corresponds to the earlier reported frequency. In the study group A213V substitution was found in 5 out of 108 cases, corresponding to approximately 4.6% (p < 0.035). Therefore we conclude that A213V desmin substitution represents a conditional mutation, i.e. a rare polymorphism that plays a role as a predisposing factor resulting in maladaptive heart remodelling in the presence of other pathological factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. KOSTAREVA
- Department of Woman and Child Health, and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden;, Almazov Federal Centre of Heart, Blood and Endocrinology, St. Petersburg, Russia,Address for correspondence: Anna Kostareva, Department of Woman and Child Health, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska
Institute, L8:02, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden. Tel. +46 851 773920. Fax +46 851 773620. E-mail
| | - G. SJOBERG
- Department of Woman and Child Health, and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A. GUDKOVA
- Almazov Federal Centre of Heart, Blood and Endocrinology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - N. SMOLINA
- Department of Woman and Child Health, and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden;, Almazov Federal Centre of Heart, Blood and Endocrinology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E. SEMERNIN
- Almazov Federal Centre of Heart, Blood and Endocrinology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E. SHLYAKHTO
- Almazov Federal Centre of Heart, Blood and Endocrinology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - T. SEJERSEN
- Department of Woman and Child Health, and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
The nanomechanical properties of rat fibroblasts are modulated by interfering with the vimentin intermediate filament system. J Struct Biol 2011; 174:476-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2011.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2010] [Revised: 03/05/2011] [Accepted: 03/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
60
|
Cabeen MT, Herrmann H, Jacobs-Wagner C. The domain organization of the bacterial intermediate filament-like protein crescentin is important for assembly and function. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2011; 68:205-19. [PMID: 21360832 PMCID: PMC3087291 DOI: 10.1002/cm.20505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2011] [Revised: 02/01/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Crescentin is a bacterial filament-forming protein that exhibits domain organization features found in metazoan intermediate filament (IF) proteins. Structure-function studies of eukaryotic IFs have been hindered by a lack of simple genetic systems and easily quantifiable phenotypes. Here we exploit the characteristic localization of the crescentin structure along the inner curvature of Caulobacter crescentus cells and the loss of cell curvature associated with impaired crescentin function to analyze the importance of the domain organization of crescentin. By combining biochemistry and ultrastructural analysis in vitro with cellular localization and functional studies, we show that crescentin requires its distinctive domain organization, and furthermore that different structural elements have distinct structural and functional contributions. The head domain can be functionally subdivided into two subdomains; the first (amino-terminal) is required for function but not assembly, while the second is necessary for structure assembly. The rod domain is similarly required for structure assembly, and the linker L1 appears important to prevent runaway assembly into nonfunctional aggregates. The data also suggest that the stutter and the tail domain have critical functional roles in stabilizing crescentin structures against disassembly by monovalent cations in the cytoplasm. This study suggests that the IF-like behavior of crescentin is a consequence of its domain organization, implying that the IF protein layout is an adaptable cytoskeletal motif, much like the actin and tubulin folds, that is broadly exploited for various functions throughout life from bacteria to humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Cabeen
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
61
|
Favre B, Schneider Y, Lingasamy P, Bouameur JE, Begré N, Gontier Y, Steiner-Champliaud MF, Frias MA, Borradori L, Fontao L. Plectin interacts with the rod domain of type III intermediate filament proteins desmin and vimentin. Eur J Cell Biol 2011; 90:390-400. [PMID: 21296452 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2010.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2009] [Revised: 11/16/2010] [Accepted: 11/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Plectin is a versatile cytolinker protein critically involved in the organization of the cytoskeletal filamentous system. The muscle-specific intermediate filament (IF) protein desmin, which progressively replaces vimentin during differentiation of myoblasts, is one of the important binding partners of plectin in mature muscle. Defects of either plectin or desmin cause muscular dystrophies. By cell transfection studies, yeast two-hybrid, overlay and pull-down assays for binding analysis, we have characterized the functionally important sequences for the interaction of plectin with desmin and vimentin. The association of plectin with both desmin and vimentin predominantly depended on its fifth plakin repeat domain and downstream linker region. Conversely, the interaction of desmin and vimentin with plectin required sequences contained within the segments 1A-2A of their central coiled-coil rod domain. This study furthers our knowledge of the interaction between plectin and IF proteins important for maintenance of cytoarchitecture in skeletal muscle. Moreover, binding of plectin to the conserved rod domain of IF proteins could well explain its broad interaction with most types of IFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Favre
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
62
|
Abstract
Myofibrillar myopathies (MFMs) represent a group of muscular dystrophies with a similar morphological phenotype. The diagnosis is established by muscle biopsy. The MFMs are characterized by a distinct pathological pattern of myofibrillar dissolution associated with disintegration of the Z-disk, accumulation of myofibrillar degradation products, and ectopic expression of multiple proteins that include desmin, αB-crystallin, dystrophin, and sometimes congophilic material. The clinical features of MFMs are more variable. These include progressive muscle weakness that often involves or begins in distal muscles, but limb-girdle or scapuloperoneal distributions can also occur. Cardiomyopathy and peripheral neuropathy are frequent associated features. Electromyography of the affected muscles reveals myopathic motor unit potentials and abnormal irritability, often with myotonic discharges. Rarely, neurogenic motor unit potentials or slowing of nerve conduction velocities are present. To date, all MFM mutations have appeared in Z-disk-associated proteins: namely, desmin, αB-crystallin, myotilin, ZASP, filamin C, and Bag3. However, in the majority of patients with MFM, the disease gene awaits discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Selcen
- Department of Neurology and Neuromuscular Disease Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
63
|
Klauke B, Kossmann S, Gaertner A, Brand K, Stork I, Brodehl A, Dieding M, Walhorn V, Anselmetti D, Gerdes D, Bohms B, Schulz U, Zu Knyphausen E, Vorgerd M, Gummert J, Milting H. De novo desmin-mutation N116S is associated with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Hum Mol Genet 2010; 19:4595-607. [PMID: 20829228 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddq387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is an inherited heart muscle disease, frequently accompanied by sudden cardiac death and terminal heart failure. Genotyping of ARVC patients might be used for palliative treatment of the affected family. We genotyped a cohort of 22 ARVC patients referred to molecular genetic screening in our heart center for mutations in the desmosomal candidate genes JUP, DSG2, DSC2, DSP and PKP2 known to be associated with ARVC. In 43% of the cohort, we found disease-associated sequence variants. In addition, we screened for desmin mutations and found a novel desmin-mutation p.N116S in a patient with ARVC and terminal heart failure, which is located in segment 1A of the desmin rod domain. The mutation leads to the aggresome formation in cardiac and skeletal muscle without signs of an overt clinical myopathy. Cardiac aggresomes appear to be prominent, especially in the right ventricle of the heart. Viscosimetry and atomic force microscopy of the desmin wild-type and N116S mutant isolated from recombinant Escherichia coli revealed severe impairment of the filament formation, which was supported by transfections in SW13 cells. Thus, the gene coding for desmin appears to be a novel ARVC gene, which should be included in molecular genetic screening of ARVC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baerbel Klauke
- Herz- & Diabeteszentrum NRW, Klinik f. Thorax- und Kardiovaskularchirurgie, Erich und Hanna Klessmann-Institutfür Kardiovaskulaere Forschung und Entwicklung/Klinik fuer angeborene Herzfehler, Georgstrasse 11, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
64
|
Divergent Molecular Effects of Desmin Mutations on Protein Assembly in Myofibrillar Myopathy. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2010; 69:415-24. [DOI: 10.1097/nen.0b013e3181d71305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
65
|
Desmin myopathy with severe cardiomyopathy in a Uruguayan family due to a codon deletion in a new location within the desmin 1A rod domain. Neuromuscul Disord 2010; 20:178-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2010.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2009] [Revised: 12/17/2009] [Accepted: 01/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
66
|
Nicolet S, Herrmann H, Aebi U, Strelkov SV. Atomic structure of vimentin coil 2. J Struct Biol 2010; 170:369-76. [PMID: 20176112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2010.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 02/12/2010] [Accepted: 02/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Intermediate filaments (IFs) are essential cytoskeletal components in metazoan cells. They assemble from elementary dimers that are built around the central alpha-helical coiled-coil rod domain representing the IF 'signature'. The rod consists of two similarly-sized parts, coil 1 and coil 2, connected by a non-alpha-helical linker L12. Coil 2 is absolutely conserved in length across all IF types and was initially predicted to consist of a short coiled-coil segment 2A based on a heptad pattern of hydrophobic residues, another linker L2 and a coiled-coil segment 2B. Here we present the crystal structure of human vimentin fragment including residues 261-335 i.e. approximately the first half of coil 2. The N-terminal part of this fragment reveals a parallel alpha-helical bundle characterized by 3.5 consecutive hendecad repeats. It is immediately followed by a regular left-handed coiled coil. The distinct non-helical linker L2 is therefore not observed. Together with the previously determined crystal structure of the major part of segment 2B (Strelkov et al., 2002), we can now build a complete atomic model of the 21nm long vimentin coil 2 dimer being a relatively rigid rod.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Nicolet
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
67
|
Bär H, Schopferer M, Sharma S, Hochstein B, Mücke N, Herrmann H, Willenbacher N. Mutations in desmin's carboxy-terminal "tail" domain severely modify filament and network mechanics. J Mol Biol 2010; 397:1188-98. [PMID: 20171226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2010.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2009] [Revised: 01/25/2010] [Accepted: 02/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Inherited mutations in the gene coding for the intermediate filament protein desmin have been demonstrated to cause severe skeletal and cardiac myopathies. Unexpectedly, some of the mutated desmins, in particular those carrying single amino acid alterations in the non-alpha-helical carboxy-terminal domain ("tail"), have been demonstrated to form apparently normal filaments both in vitro and in transfected cells. Thus, it is not clear if filament properties are affected by these mutations at all. For this reason, we performed oscillatory shear experiments with six different desmin "tail" mutants in order to characterize the mesh size of filament networks and their strain stiffening properties. Moreover, we have carried out high-frequency oscillatory squeeze flow measurements to determine the bending stiffness of the respective filaments, characterized by the persistence length l(p). Interestingly, mesh size was not altered for the mutant filament networks, except for the mutant DesR454W, which apparently did not form proper filament networks. Also, the values for bending stiffness were in the same range for both the "tail" mutants (l(p)=1.0-2.0 microm) and the wild-type desmin (l(p)=1.1+/-0.5 microm). However, most investigated desmin mutants exhibited a distinct reduction in strain stiffening compared to wild-type desmin and promoted nonaffine network deformation. Therefore, we conclude that the mutated amino acids affect intrafilamentous architecture and colloidal interactions along the filament in such a way that the response to applied strain is significantly altered. In order to explore the importance of the "tail" domain as such for filament network properties, we employed a "tail"-truncated desmin. Under standard conditions, it formed extended regular filaments, but failed to generate strain stiffening. Hence, these data strongly indicate that the "tail" domain is responsible for attractive filament-filament interactions. Moreover, these types of interactions may also be relevant to the network properties of the desmin cytoskeleton in patient muscle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harald Bär
- Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
68
|
SUMO regulates the assembly and function of a cytoplasmic intermediate filament protein in C. elegans. Dev Cell 2009; 17:724-35. [PMID: 19922876 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2009.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2009] [Revised: 08/03/2009] [Accepted: 10/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sumoylation is a reversible posttranslational modification that plays roles in many processes, including transcriptional regulation, cell division, chromosome integrity, and DNA damage response. Using a proteomics approach, we identified approximately 250 candidate targets of sumoylation in C. elegans. One such target is the cytoplasmic intermediate filament (cIF) protein named IFB-1, which is expressed in hemidesmosome-like structures in the worm epidermis and is essential for embryonic elongation and maintenance of muscle attachment to the cuticle. In the absence of SUMO, IFB-1 formed ectopic filaments and protein aggregates in the lateral epidermis. Moreover, depletion of SUMO or mutation of the SUMO acceptor site on IFB-1 resulted in a reduction of its cytoplasmic soluble pool, leading to a decrease in its exchange rate within epidermal attachment structures. These observations indicate that SUMO regulates cIF assembly by maintaining a cytoplasmic pool of nonpolymerized IFB-1, and that this is necessary for normal IFB-1 function.
Collapse
|
69
|
Bär H, Sharma S, Kleiner H, Mücke N, Zentgraf H, Katus HA, Aebi U, Herrmann H. Interference of amino-terminal desmin fragments with desmin filament formation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 66:986-99. [DOI: 10.1002/cm.20396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
70
|
Abstract
Myofibrillar myopathies (MFMs) are histopathologically characterized by desmin-positive protein aggregates and myofibrillar degeneration. Because of the marked phenotypic and pathomorphological variability, establishing the diagnosis of MFM can be a challenging task. While MFMs are partly caused by mutations in genes encoding for extramyofibrillar proteins (desmin, alphaB-crystallin, plectin) or myofibrillar proteins (myotilin, Z-band alternatively spliced PDZ-containing protein, filamin C, Bcl-2-associated athanogene-3, four-and-a-half LIM domain 1), a large number of these diseases are caused by still unresolved gene defects. Although recent years have brought new insight into the pathogenesis of MFMs, the precise molecular pathways and sequential steps that lead from an individual gene defect to progressive muscle damage are still unclear. This review focuses on the clinical and myopathological aspects of genetically defined MFMs, and shall provide a diagnostic guide for this numerically significant group of protein aggregate myopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Schröder
- Institute of Neuropathology and Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
71
|
Disease mutations in the “head” domain of the extra-sarcomeric protein desmin distinctly alter its assembly and network-forming properties. J Mol Med (Berl) 2009; 87:1207-19. [DOI: 10.1007/s00109-009-0521-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2009] [Revised: 08/08/2009] [Accepted: 08/11/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
72
|
Portet S, Mücke N, Kirmse R, Langowski J, Beil M, Herrmann H. Vimentin intermediate filament formation: in vitro measurement and mathematical modeling of the filament length distribution during assembly. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:8817-23. [PMID: 20050052 DOI: 10.1021/la900509r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The salt-induced in vitro assembly of cytoplasmic intermediate filament (IF) proteins such as vimentin is characterized by a very rapid lateral association of soluble tetrameric subunits into 60-nm-long full-width "unit-length" filaments (ULFs). We have demonstrated for this prototype IF protein that filament elongation occurs by the longitudinal annealing of ULFs into short IFs. These IFs further longitudinally anneal and thus constitute a progressively elongating filament population that over time yields filaments of several microm in length. Previously, we provided a mathematical model for the kinetics of the assembly process based on the average length distribution of filaments as determined by time-lapse electron and atomic force microscopy. Thereby, we were able to substantiate the concept that end-to-end-annealing of both ULFs and short filaments is obligatory for the formation of long IFs (Kirmse, R.; Portet, S.; Mücke, N. Aebi, U.; Herrmann, H.; Langowski, J. J. Biol. Chem. 2007, 282, 18563-18572). As the next step in understanding the mechanics of IF formation, we have expanded our mathematical model to describe the quantitative aspects of IF assembly by taking into account geometry constraints as well as the diffusion properties of rodlike linear aggregates. Thereby, we have developed a robust model for the time-dependent filament length distribution of IFs under standard conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Portet
- Department of Mathematics, 342 Machray Hall, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3L 2N2.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
73
|
Herrmann H, Strelkov SV, Burkhard P, Aebi U. Intermediate filaments: primary determinants of cell architecture and plasticity. J Clin Invest 2009; 119:1772-83. [PMID: 19587452 DOI: 10.1172/jci38214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermediate filaments (IFs) are major constituents of the cytoskeleton and nuclear boundary in animal cells. They are of prime importance for the functional organization of structural elements. Depending on the cell type, morphologically similar but biochemically distinct proteins form highly viscoelastic filament networks with multiple nanomechanical functions. Besides their primary role in cell plasticity and their established function as cellular stress absorbers, recently discovered gene defects have elucidated that structural alterations of IFs can affect their involvement both in signaling and in controlling gene regulatory networks. Here, we highlight the basic structural and functional properties of IFs and derive a concept of how mutations may affect cellular architecture and thereby tissue construction and physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harald Herrmann
- Group Functional Architecture of the Cell, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
74
|
Goldfarb LG, Dalakas MC. Tragedy in a heartbeat: malfunctioning desmin causes skeletal and cardiac muscle disease. J Clin Invest 2009; 119:1806-13. [PMID: 19587455 PMCID: PMC2701871 DOI: 10.1172/jci38027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle fiber deterioration resulting in progressive skeletal muscle weakness, heart failure, and respiratory distress occurs in more than 20 inherited myopathies. As discussed in this Review, one of the newly identified myopathies is desminopathy, a disease caused by dysfunctional mutations in desmin, a type III intermediate filament protein, or alphaB-crystallin, a chaperone for desmin. The range of clinical manifestations in patients with desminopathy is wide and may overlap with those observed in individuals with other myopathies. Awareness of this disease needs to be heightened, diagnostic criteria reliably outlined, and molecular testing readily available; this would ensure prevention of sudden death from cardiac arrhythmias and other complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lev G. Goldfarb
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marinos C. Dalakas
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Piñol-Ripoll G, Shatunov A, Cabello A, Larrodé P, de la Puerta I, Pelegrín J, Ramos FJ, Olivé M, Goldfarb LG. Severe infantile-onset cardiomyopathy associated with a homozygous deletion in desmin. Neuromuscul Disord 2009; 19:418-22. [PMID: 19433360 PMCID: PMC2695848 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2009.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2008] [Revised: 03/30/2009] [Accepted: 04/08/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Desminopathy is a genetically heterogeneous disorder with autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance in most affected families; the age of disease onset is on average 30 years. We studied a patient with a history of recurrent episodes of syncope from infancy who later developed second-degree AV block and restrictive cardiomyopathy; she subsequently suffered several episodes of ventricular tachyarrhythmia requiring implantation of bicameral defibrillator. Neurological examination revealed rapidly progressive bilateral facial weakness, winging of the scapulae, symmetric weakness and atrophy of the trunk muscles, shoulder girdle and distal muscles of both upper and lower extremities. Muscle biopsy demonstrated signs of myofibrillar myopathy with prominent subsarcolemmal desmin-reactive aggregates. Molecular analysis identified a homozygous deletion in DES resulting in a predicted in-frame obliteration of seven amino acids (p.R173_E179del) in the 1B domain of desmin. We describe the youngest known desminopathy patient with severe cardiomyopathy and aggressive course leading to the devastation of cardiac, skeletal and smooth musculature at an early age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Piñol-Ripoll
- Neurology Division, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
76
|
Kostera-Pruszczyk A, Pruszczyk P, Kamińska A, Lee HS, Goldfarb LG. Diversity of cardiomyopathy phenotypes caused by mutations in desmin. Int J Cardiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2007.08.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
77
|
Davis J, Westfall MV, Townsend D, Blankinship M, Herron TJ, Guerrero-Serna G, Wang W, Devaney E, Metzger JM. Designing heart performance by gene transfer. Physiol Rev 2008; 88:1567-651. [PMID: 18923190 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00039.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The birth of molecular cardiology can be traced to the development and implementation of high-fidelity genetic approaches for manipulating the heart. Recombinant viral vector-based technology offers a highly effective approach to genetically engineer cardiac muscle in vitro and in vivo. This review highlights discoveries made in cardiac muscle physiology through the use of targeted viral-mediated genetic modification. Here the history of cardiac gene transfer technology and the strengths and limitations of viral and nonviral vectors for gene delivery are reviewed. A comprehensive account is given of the application of gene transfer technology for studying key cardiac muscle targets including Ca(2+) handling, the sarcomere, the cytoskeleton, and signaling molecules and their posttranslational modifications. The primary objective of this review is to provide a thorough analysis of gene transfer studies for understanding cardiac physiology in health and disease. By comparing results obtained from gene transfer with those obtained from transgenesis and biophysical and biochemical methodologies, this review provides a global view of cardiac structure-function with an eye towards future areas of research. The data presented here serve as a basis for discovery of new therapeutic targets for remediation of acquired and inherited cardiac diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Davis
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
78
|
Conover GM, Henderson SN, Gregorio CC. A myopathy-linked desmin mutation perturbs striated muscle actin filament architecture. Mol Biol Cell 2008; 20:834-45. [PMID: 19005210 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e08-07-0753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Desmin interacts with nebulin establishing a direct link between the intermediate filament network and sarcomeres at the Z-discs. Here, we examined a desmin mutation, E245D, that is located within the coil IB (nebulin-binding) region of desmin and that has been reported to cause human cardiomyopathy and skeletal muscle atrophy. We show that the coil IB region of desmin binds to C-terminal nebulin (modules 160-164) with high affinity, whereas binding of this desmin region containing the E245D mutation appears to enhance its interaction with nebulin in solid-phase binding assays. Expression of the desmin-E245D mutant in myocytes displaces endogenous desmin and C-terminal nebulin from the Z-discs with a concomitant increase in the formation of intracellular aggregates, reminiscent of a major histological hallmark of desmin-related myopathies. Actin filament architecture was strikingly perturbed in myocytes expressing the desmin-E245D mutant because most sarcomeres contained elongated or shorter actin filaments. Our findings reveal a novel role for desmin intermediate filaments in modulating actin filament lengths and organization. Collectively, these data suggest that the desmin E245D mutation interferes with the ability of nebulin to precisely regulate thin filament lengths, providing new insights into the potential molecular consequences of expression of certain disease-associated desmin mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria M Conover
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
79
|
Kreplak L, Bär H. Severe myopathy mutations modify the nanomechanics of desmin intermediate filaments. J Mol Biol 2008; 385:1043-51. [PMID: 19026658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.10.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2008] [Revised: 10/20/2008] [Accepted: 10/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the intermediate filament (IF) protein desmin cause severe forms of myofibrillar myopathy characterized by partial aggregation of the extrasarcomeric desmin cytoskeleton and structural disorganization of myofibrils. In contrast to prior expectations, we showed that some of the known disease-causing mutations, such as DesA360P, DesQ389P and DesD399Y, are assembly-competent and do allow formation of bona fide IFs in vitro and in vivo. We also previously demonstrated that atomic force microscopy can be employed to measure the tensile properties of single desmin IFs. Using the same approach on filaments formed by the aforementioned mutant desmins, we now observed two different nanomechanical behaviors: DesA360P exhibited tensile properties similar to that of wild-type desmin IFs, whereas DesQ389P and DesD399Y exhibited local variations in their tensile properties along the filament length. Based on these findings, we hypothesize that DesQ389P and DesD399Y may cause muscle disease by altering the specific biophysical properties of the desmin filaments, thereby compromising both its mechanosensing and mechanotransduction ability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Kreplak
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3J5.
| | | |
Collapse
|
80
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of this communication is to provide an up-to-date overview of myofibrillar myopathies. RECENT FINDINGS The most important recent advance in the myofibrillar myopathies has been the discovery that mutations in Z band alternatively spliced PDZ-containing protein and filamin C, as well as in desmin, alphaB-crystallin and myotilin, result in similar pathologic alterations in skeletal muscle that are typical of myofibrillar myopathy. Despite the increasing genetic heterogeneity, the clinical and morphologic phenotypes are remarkably homogeneous. The typical clinical manifestation is slowly progressive proximal, distal or both proximal and distal limb muscle weakness. Cardiomyopathy can be associated and is sometimes the presenting finding. Peripheral neuropathy also occurs in some patients. In every myofibrillar myopathy, there is abnormal accumulation of an array of proteins at ectopic sites as well as accumulation of degraded myofibrillar proteins forming large aggregates. The key issue now is to analyze the molecular mechanisms underlying the cascade of events that destroy the myofibrillar architecture and trigger the aberrant expression of multiple proteins. SUMMARY Several disease genes have recently been recognized in myofibrillar myopathies. So far, the disease proteins identified are components of or chaperone for the Z-disk. In each case, the molecular defect leads to a stereotyped cascade of structural events in the muscle fiber.
Collapse
|
81
|
Goebel HH, Fardeau M, Olivé M, Schröder R. 156th ENMC International Workshop: desmin and protein aggregate myopathies, 9-11 November 2007, Naarden, The Netherlands. Neuromuscul Disord 2008; 18:583-92. [PMID: 18595698 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2008.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hans H Goebel
- Johannes Gutenberg University, Medical Center, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
82
|
Kostareva A, Sjöberg G, Bruton J, Zhang SJ, Balogh J, Gudkova A, Hedberg B, Edström L, Westerblad H, Sejersen T. Mice expressing L345P mutant desmin exhibit morphological and functional changes of skeletal and cardiac mitochondria. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2008; 29:25-36. [PMID: 18563598 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-008-9139-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2007] [Accepted: 05/28/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Desmin mutations underlie inherited myopathies/cardiomyopathies with varying severity and involvement of the skeletal and cardiac muscles. We developed a transgenic mouse model expressing low level of the L345P desmin mutation (DESMUT mice) in order to uncover changes in skeletal and cardiac muscles caused by this mutation. The most striking ultrastructural changes in muscle from DESMUT mice were mitochondrial swelling and vacuolization. The mitochondrial Ca(2+) level was significantly increased in skeletal and cardiac myocytes from DESMUT mice compared to wild type cells during and after contractions. In isolated DESMUT soleus muscles, contractile function and recovery from fatigue were impaired. A SHIRPA screening test for neuromuscular performance demonstrated decreased motor function in DESMUT compared to WT mice. Echocardiographic changes in DESMUT mice included left ventricular wall hypertrophy and a decreased left ventricular chamber dimension. The results imply that low levels of L345P desmin acts, at least partially, by a dominant negative effect on mitochondria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kostareva
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, L8:02, Stockholm 17176, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
83
|
Mavroidis M, Panagopoulou P, Kostavasili I, Weisleder N, Capetanaki Y. A missense mutation in desmin tail domain linked to human dilated cardiomyopathy promotes cleavage of the head domain and abolishes its Z-disc localization. FASEB J 2008; 22:3318-27. [PMID: 18539904 DOI: 10.1096/fj.07-088724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A missense mutation (Ile 451 to Met) at the tail domain of the muscle-specific intermediate filament protein desmin has been suggested to be a genetic cause of dilated cardiomyopathy. The Ile451Met mutation is located inside a conserved motif in the desmin tail domain, believed to have a potential role in the lateral packing of type III intermediate filaments. Nevertheless, the role of the type III intermediate filament tail domain remains elusive. To further study the role of this domain in the function of cardiomyocytes and in the development of cardiomyopathy, we generated transgenic mice expressing the mutant desmin(I451M) in the cardiac tissue. Analysis of hearts from transgenic animals revealed that mutant desmin loses its Z-disc localization but it can still associate with the intercalated discs, which, however, have an altered architecture, resembling other examples of dilated cardiomyopathy. This is the first report demonstrating a critical role of the desmin head and tail domains in the formation of the IF scaffold around Z discs. It is further suggested that in cardiomyocytes, an interplay between desmin tail and head domains is taking place, which potentially protects the amino terminus of desmin from specific proteases. The fact that the association with intercalated discs seems unchanged suggests that this association must take place through the desmin tail, in contrast to the head domain that is most possibly involved in the Z-disc binding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manolis Mavroidis
- Cell Biology Division, Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
84
|
Strach K, Sommer T, Grohé C, Meyer C, Fischer D, Walter MC, Vorgerd M, Reilich P, Bär H, Reimann J, Reuner U, Germing A, Goebel HH, Lochmüller H, Wintersperger B, Schröder R. Clinical, genetic, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging findings in primary desminopathies. Neuromuscul Disord 2008; 18:475-82. [PMID: 18504128 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2008.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2007] [Revised: 03/08/2008] [Accepted: 03/16/2008] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We report the clinical, genetic and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in 11 German patients with heterozygous E245D, D339Y, R350P and L377P desmin mutations and without cardiac symptoms. Clinical evaluation revealed a marked variability of skeletal muscle, respiratory and cardiac involvement even between patients with identical mutations, ranging from asymptomatic to severely affected. While echocardiography did not show any pathological findings in all 11 patients, cine MRI revealed focal left ventricular hypertrophy in 2 patients and MR delayed enhancement imaging displayed intramyocardial fibrosis in the left ventricle in 4 patients indicating early myocardial involvement. Our data argue against distinct genotype-phenotype correlations and suggest that comprehensive cardiac MRI is superior to conventional echocardiography for the detection of early and clinically asymptomatic stages of cardiomyopathy in desminopathy patients. Therefore, cardiac MRI may serve as a screening tool to identify patients at risk, which might benefit from early pharmacological and/or interventional (e.g. implantable cardioverter-defibrillator devices) therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Strach
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
85
|
Liovic M, Lee B, Tomic-Canic M, D'Alessandro M, Bolshakov VN, Lane EB. Dual-specificity phosphatases in the hypo-osmotic stress response of keratin-defective epithelial cell lines. Exp Cell Res 2008; 314:2066-75. [PMID: 18410923 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2008.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2007] [Revised: 02/24/2008] [Accepted: 02/26/2008] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Although mutations in intermediate filament proteins cause many human disorders, the detailed pathogenic mechanisms and the way these mutations affect cell metabolism are unclear. In this study, selected keratin mutations were analysed for their effect on the epidermal stress response. Expression profiles of two keratin-mutant cell lines from epidermolysis bullosa simplex patients (one severe and one mild) were compared to a control keratinocyte line before and after challenge with hypo-osmotic shock, a common physiological stress that transiently distorts cell shape. Fewer changes in gene expression were found in cells with the severely disruptive mutation (55 genes altered) than with the mild mutation (174 genes) or the wild type cells (261 genes) possibly due to stress response pre-activation in these cells. We identified 16 immediate-early genes contributing to a general cell response to hypo-osmotic shock, and 20 genes with an altered expression pattern in the mutant keratin lines only. A number of dual-specificity phosphatases (MKP-1, MKP-2, MKP-3, MKP-5 and hVH3) are differentially regulated in these cells, and their downstream targets p-ERK and p-p38 are significantly up-regulated in the mutant keratin lines. Our findings strengthen the case for the expression of mutant keratin proteins inducing physiological stress, and this intrinsic stress may affect the cell responses to secondary stresses in patients' skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Liovic
- National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia; CRUK Cell Structure Research Group, University of Dundee College of Life Sciences, MSI/WTB Complex, Dundee, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
86
|
Intermediate filament assembly: dynamics to disease. Trends Cell Biol 2008; 18:28-37. [PMID: 18083519 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2007.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2007] [Revised: 10/31/2007] [Accepted: 11/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Intermediate filament (IF) proteins belong to a large and diverse gene family with broad representation in vertebrate tissues. Although considered the 'toughest' cytoskeletal fibers, studies in cultured cells have revealed that IF can be surprisingly dynamic and highly regulated. This review examines the diversity of IF assembly behaviors, and considers the ideas that IF proteins are co- or post-translationally assembled into oligomeric precursors, which can be delivered to different subcellular compartments by microtubules or actomyosin and associated motor proteins. Their interaction with other cellular elements via IF associated proteins (IFAPs) affects IF dynamics and also results in cellular networks with properties that transcend those of individual components. We end by discussing how mutations leading to defects in IF assembly, network formation or IF-IFAP association compromise in vivo functions of IF as protectors against environmental stress.
Collapse
|
87
|
Abstract
Within muscle fibers, desmin intermediate filaments (IFs) are major constituents of the extrasarcomeric cytoskeleton. However, their contribution to the mechanical properties of myocytes has remained elusive. We present an experimental approach to measure the extensibility and the tensile strength of in vitro reconstituted desmin IFs adsorbed to a solid support. The tip of an atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to push on single filaments perpendicular to the filament axis. The torque of the AFM cantilever was monitored during the pushing events to yield an estimate of the lateral force necessary to bend and stretch the filaments. Desmin IFs were stretched up to 3.4-fold with a maximum force of approximately 3.5 nN. Fully stretched filaments exhibited a much smaller diameter than did native IFs, i.e., approximately 3.5 nm compared to 12.6 nm, both by AFM and electron microscopy. Moreover, we combined the morphological and lateral force data to compute an average stress-strain curve for a single desmin filament. The main features were a pronounced strain-hardening regime above 50% extension and a tensile strength of at least 240 MPa. Because of these nonlinear tensile properties, desmin IFs may dissipate mechanical energy and serve as a physical link between successive sarcomeres during large deformation.
Collapse
|
88
|
Goldfarb LG, Olivé M, Vicart P, Goebel HH. Intermediate filament diseases: desminopathy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2008; 642:131-64. [PMID: 19181099 PMCID: PMC2776705 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-84847-1_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Desminopathy is one of the most common intermediate filament human disorders associated with mutations in closely interacting proteins, desmin and alphaB-crystallin. The inheritance pattern in familial desminopathy is characterized as autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive, but many cases have no family history. At least some and likely most sporadic desminopathy cases are associated with de novo DES mutations. The age of disease onset and rate of progression may vary depending on the type of inheritance and location of the causative mutation. Typically, the illness presents with lower and later upper limb muscle weakness slowly spreading to involve truncal, neck-flexor, facial and bulbar muscles. Skeletal myopathy is often combined with cardiomyopathy manifested by conduction blocks, arrhythmias and chronic heart failure resulting in premature sudden death. Respiratory muscle weakness is a major complication in some patients. Sections of the affected skeletal and cardiac muscles show abnormal fibre areas containing chimeric aggregates consisting of desmin and other cytoskeletal proteins. Various DES gene mutations: point mutations, an insertion, small in-frame deletions and a larger exon-skipping deletion, have been identified in desminopathy patients. The majority of these mutations are located in conserved alpha-helical segments, but additional mutations have recently been identified in the tail domain. Filament and network assembly studies indicate that most but not all disease-causing mutations make desmin assembly-incompetent and able to disrupt a pre-existing filamentous network in dominant-negative fashion. AlphaB-crystallin serves as a chaperone for desmin preventing its aggregation under various forms of stress; mutant CRYAB causes cardiac and skeletal myopathies identical to those resulting from DES mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lev G Goldfarb
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-9404, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
89
|
Seguchi O, Takashima S, Yamazaki S, Asakura M, Asano Y, Shintani Y, Wakeno M, Minamino T, Kondo H, Furukawa H, Nakamaru K, Naito A, Takahashi T, Ohtsuka T, Kawakami K, Isomura T, Kitamura S, Tomoike H, Mochizuki N, Kitakaze M. A cardiac myosin light chain kinase regulates sarcomere assembly in the vertebrate heart. J Clin Invest 2007; 117:2812-24. [PMID: 17885681 PMCID: PMC1978424 DOI: 10.1172/jci30804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2006] [Accepted: 06/26/2007] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Marked sarcomere disorganization is a well-documented characteristic of cardiomyocytes in the failing human myocardium. Myosin regulatory light chain 2, ventricular/cardiac muscle isoform (MLC2v), which is involved in the development of human cardiomyopathy, is an important structural protein that affects physiologic cardiac sarcomere formation and heart development. Integrated cDNA expression analysis of failing human myocardia uncovered a novel protein kinase, cardiac-specific myosin light chain kinase (cardiac-MLCK), which acts on MLC2v. Expression levels of cardiac-MLCK were well correlated with the pulmonary arterial pressure of patients with heart failure. In cultured cardiomyocytes, knockdown of cardiac-MLCK by specific siRNAs decreased MLC2v phosphorylation and impaired epinephrine-induced activation of sarcomere reassembly. To further clarify the physiologic roles of cardiac-MLCK in vivo, we cloned the zebrafish ortholog z-cardiac-MLCK. Knockdown of z-cardiac-MLCK expression using morpholino antisense oligonucleotides resulted in dilated cardiac ventricles and immature sarcomere structures. These results suggest a significant role for cardiac-MLCK in cardiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Seguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and
Health Care Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Core Technology Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co. Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.
Hayama Heart Center, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Seiji Takashima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and
Health Care Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Core Technology Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co. Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.
Hayama Heart Center, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Yamazaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and
Health Care Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Core Technology Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co. Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.
Hayama Heart Center, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masanori Asakura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and
Health Care Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Core Technology Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co. Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.
Hayama Heart Center, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Asano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and
Health Care Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Core Technology Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co. Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.
Hayama Heart Center, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasunori Shintani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and
Health Care Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Core Technology Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co. Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.
Hayama Heart Center, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Wakeno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and
Health Care Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Core Technology Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co. Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.
Hayama Heart Center, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and
Health Care Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Core Technology Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co. Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.
Hayama Heart Center, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroya Kondo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and
Health Care Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Core Technology Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co. Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.
Hayama Heart Center, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Furukawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and
Health Care Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Core Technology Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co. Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.
Hayama Heart Center, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kenji Nakamaru
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and
Health Care Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Core Technology Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co. Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.
Hayama Heart Center, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Asuka Naito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and
Health Care Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Core Technology Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co. Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.
Hayama Heart Center, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomoko Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and
Health Care Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Core Technology Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co. Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.
Hayama Heart Center, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Ohtsuka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and
Health Care Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Core Technology Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co. Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.
Hayama Heart Center, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koichi Kawakami
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and
Health Care Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Core Technology Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co. Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.
Hayama Heart Center, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tadashi Isomura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and
Health Care Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Core Technology Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co. Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.
Hayama Heart Center, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Soichiro Kitamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and
Health Care Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Core Technology Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co. Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.
Hayama Heart Center, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hitonobu Tomoike
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and
Health Care Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Core Technology Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co. Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.
Hayama Heart Center, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Naoki Mochizuki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and
Health Care Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Core Technology Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co. Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.
Hayama Heart Center, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kitakaze
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and
Health Care Center, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Core Technology Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co. Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan.
Hayama Heart Center, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Abstract
Mutations of the human desmin gene on chromosome 2q35 cause a familial or sporadic form of skeletal myopathy frequently associated with cardiac abnormalities. Skeletal and cardiac muscle from patients with primary desminopathies characteristically display cytoplasmic accumulation of desmin-immunoreactive material and myofibrillar changes. However, desmin-positive protein aggregates in conjunction with myofibrillar abnormalities are also the morphological hallmark of the large group of secondary desminopathies (synonyms: myofibrillar myopathies, desmin-related myopathies), which comprise sporadic and familial neuromuscular conditions of considerable clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Here, we will give an overview on the functional role of desmin in striated muscle as well as the main clinical, myopathological, genetic and patho-physiological aspects of primary desminopathies. Furthermore, we will discuss recent genetic and biochemical advances in distinguishing primary from secondary desminopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Schröder
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
91
|
Zhai J, Lin H, Julien JP, Schlaepfer WW. Disruption of neurofilament network with aggregation of light neurofilament protein: a common pathway leading to motor neuron degeneration due to Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease-linked mutations in NFL and HSPB1. Hum Mol Genet 2007; 16:3103-16. [PMID: 17881652 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddm272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in neurofilament light (NFL) subunit and small heat-shock protein B1 (HSPB1) cause autosomal-dominant axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2E (CMT2E) and type 2F (CMT2F). Previous studies have shown that CMT mutations in NFL and HSPB1 disrupt NF assembly and cause aggregation of NFL protein. In this study, we investigate the role of aggregation of NFL protein in the neurotoxicity of CMT mutant NFL and CMT mutant HSPB1 in motor neurons. We find that expression of CMT mutant NFL leads to progressive degeneration and loss of neuronal viability of cultured motor neurons. Degenerating motor neurons show fragmentation and loss of neuritic processes associated with disruption of NF network and aggregation of NFL protein. Co-expression of wild-type HSPB1 diminishes aggregation of CMT mutant NFL, induces reversal of CMT mutant NFL aggregates and reduces CMT mutant NFL-induced loss of motor neuron viability. Like CMT mutant NFL, expression of S135F CMT mutant HSPB1 also leads to progressive degeneration of motor neurons with disruption of NF network and aggregation of NFL protein. Further studies show that wild-type and S135F mutant HSPB1 associate with wild-type and CMT mutant NFL and that S135F mutant HSPB1 has dominant effect on disruption of NF assembly and aggregation of NFL protein. Finally, we show that deletion of NFL markedly reduces degeneration and loss of motor neuron viability induced by S135F mutant HSPB1. Together, our data support the view that disruption of NF network with aggregation of NFL is a common triggering event of motor neuron degeneration in CMT2E and CMT2F disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinbin Zhai
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104,-6100, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
92
|
Herrmann H, Bär H, Kreplak L, Strelkov SV, Aebi U. Intermediate filaments: from cell architecture to nanomechanics. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2007; 8:562-73. [PMID: 17551517 DOI: 10.1038/nrm2197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 437] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Intermediate filaments (IFs) constitute a major structural element of animal cells. They build two distinct systems, one in the nucleus and one in the cytoplasm. In both cases, their major function is assumed to be that of a mechanical stress absorber and an integrating device for the entire cytoskeleton. In line with this, recent disease mutations in human IF proteins indicate that the nanomechanical properties of cell-type-specific IFs are central to the pathogenesis of diseases as diverse as muscular dystrophy and premature ageing. However, the analysis of these various diseases suggests that IFs also have an important role in cell-type-specific physiological functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harald Herrmann
- B065 Functional Architecture of the Cell, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
93
|
Parry DAD, Strelkov SV, Burkhard P, Aebi U, Herrmann H. Towards a molecular description of intermediate filament structure and assembly. Exp Cell Res 2007; 313:2204-16. [PMID: 17521629 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2007.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2007] [Revised: 04/04/2007] [Accepted: 04/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Intermediate filaments (IFs) represent one of the prominent cytoskeletal elements of metazoan cells. Their constituent proteins are coded by a multigene family, whose members are expressed in complex patterns that are controlled by developmental programs of differentiation. Hence, IF proteins found in epidermis differ significantly from those in muscle or neuronal tissues. Due to their fibrous nature, which stems from a fairly conserved central alpha-helical coiled-coil rod domain, IF proteins have long resisted crystallization and thus determination of their atomic structure. Since they represent the primary structural elements that determine the shape of the nucleus and the cell more generally, a major challenge is to arrive at a more rational understanding of how their nanomechanical properties effect the stability and plasticity of cells and tissues. Here, we review recent structural results of the coiled-coil dimer, assembly intermediates and growing filaments that have been obtained by a hybrid methods approach involving a rigorous combination of X-ray crystallography, small angle X-ray scattering, cryo-electron tomography, computational analysis and molecular modeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A D Parry
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
94
|
Capetanaki Y, Bloch RJ, Kouloumenta A, Mavroidis M, Psarras S. Muscle intermediate filaments and their links to membranes and membranous organelles. Exp Cell Res 2007; 313:2063-76. [PMID: 17509566 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2007.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2007] [Revised: 03/20/2007] [Accepted: 03/29/2007] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Intermediate filaments (IFs) play a key role in the integration of structure and function of striated muscle, primarily by mediating mechanochemical links between the contractile apparatus and mitochondria, myonuclei, the sarcolemma and potentially the vesicle trafficking apparatus. Linkage of all these membranous structures to the contractile apparatus, mainly through the Z-disks, supports the integration and coordination of growth and energy demands of the working myocyte, not only with force transmission, but also with de novo gene expression, energy production and efficient protein and lipid trafficking and targeting. Desmin, the most abundant and intensively studied muscle intermediate filament protein, is linked to proper costamere organization, myoblast and stem cell fusion and differentiation, nuclear shape and positioning, as well as mitochondrial shape, structure, positioning and function. Similar links have been established for lysosomes and lysosome-related organelles, consistent with the presence of widespread links between IFs and membranous structures and the regulation of their fusion, morphology and stabilization necessary for cell survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yassemi Capetanaki
- Cell Biology Division, Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Soranou Efessiou 4, 12965 Athens, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
95
|
Kirmse R, Portet S, Mücke N, Aebi U, Herrmann H, Langowski J. A quantitative kinetic model for the in vitro assembly of intermediate filaments from tetrameric vimentin. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:18563-18572. [PMID: 17403663 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m701063200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro assembly of intermediate filament proteins is a very rapid process. It starts without significant delay by lateral association of tetramer complexes into unit-length filaments (ULFs) after raising the ionic strength from low salt to physiological conditions (100 mM KCl). We employed electron and scanning force microscopy complemented by mathematical modeling to investigate the kinetics of in vitro assembly of human recombinant vimentin. From the average length distributions of the resulting filaments measured at increasing assembly times we simulated filament assembly and estimated specific reaction rate parameters. We modeled eight different potential pathways for vimentin filament elongation. Comparing the numerical with the experimental data we conclude that a two-step mechanism involving rapid formation of ULFs followed by ULF and filament annealing is the most robust scenario for vimentin assembly. These findings agree with the first two steps of the previously proposed three-step assembly model (Herrmann, H., and Aebi, U. (1998) Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 8, 177-185). In particular, our modeling clearly demonstrates that end-to-end annealing of ULFs and filaments is obligatory for forming long filaments, whereas tetramer addition to filament ends does not contribute significantly to filament elongation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Kirmse
- Division of Biophysics of Macromolecules, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
| | - Stephanie Portet
- Department of Mathematics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg MB, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - Norbert Mücke
- Division of Biophysics of Macromolecules, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
| | - Ueli Aebi
- M. E. Müller Institute for Structural Biology, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 70, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Harald Herrmann
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
| | - Jörg Langowski
- Division of Biophysics of Macromolecules, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Taylor MRG, Slavov D, Ku L, Di Lenarda A, Sinagra G, Carniel E, Haubold K, Boucek MM, Ferguson D, Graw SL, Zhu X, Cavanaugh J, Sucharov CC, Long CS, Bristow MR, Lavori P, Mestroni L. Prevalence of Desmin Mutations in Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2007; 115:1244-51. [PMID: 17325244 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.106.646778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Desmin-related myofibrillar myopathy (DRM) is a cardiac and skeletal muscle disease caused by mutations in the desmin (DES) gene. Mutations in the central 2B domain of DES cause skeletal muscle disease that typically precedes cardiac involvement. However, the prevalence of DES mutations in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) without skeletal muscle disease is not known. METHODS AND RESULTS Denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography was used to screen DES for mutations in 116 DCM families from the Familial Dilated Cardiomyopathy Registry and in 309 subjects with DCM from the Beta-Blocker Evaluation of Survival Trial (BEST). DES mutations were transfected into SW13 and human smooth muscle cells and neonatal rat cardiac myocytes, and the effects on cytoskeletal desmin network architecture were analyzed with confocal microscopy. Five novel missense DES mutations, including the first localized to the highly conserved 1A domain, were detected in 6 subjects (1.4%). Transfection of DES mutations in the 2B domain severely disrupted the fine intracytoplasmic staining of desmin, causing clumping of the desmin protein. A tail domain mutation (Val459Ile) showed milder effects on desmin cytoplasmic network formation and appears to be a low-penetrant mutation restricted to black subjects. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of DES mutations in DCM is between 1% and 2%, and mutations in the 1A helical domain, as well as the 2B rod domain, are capable of causing a DCM phenotype. The lack of severe disruption of cytoskeletal desmin network formation seen with mutations in the 1A and tail domains suggests that dysfunction of seemingly intact desmin networks is sufficient to cause DCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R G Taylor
- University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colo, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
97
|
Bär H, Goudeau B, Wälde S, Casteras-Simon M, Mücke N, Shatunov A, Goldberg YP, Clarke C, Holton JL, Eymard B, Katus HA, Fardeau M, Goldfarb L, Vicart P, Herrmann H. Conspicuous involvement of desmin tail mutations in diverse cardiac and skeletal myopathies. Hum Mutat 2007; 28:374-86. [PMID: 17221859 DOI: 10.1002/humu.20459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Myofibrillar myopathy (MFM) encompasses a genetically heterogeneous group of human diseases caused by mutations in genes coding for structural proteins of muscle. Mutations in the intermediate filament (IF) protein desmin (DES), a major cytoskeletal component of myocytes, lead to severe forms of "desminopathy," which affects cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle. Most mutations described reside in the central alpha-helical rod domain of desmin. Here we report three novel mutations--c.1325C>T (p.T442I), c.1360C>T (p.R454W), and c.1379G>T (p.S460I)--located in desmin's non-alpha-helical carboxy-terminal "tail" domain. We have investigated the impact of these and four--c.1237G>A (p.E413K), c.1346A>C (p.K449T), c.1353C>G (p.I451M), and c.1405G>A (p.V469M)--previously described "tail" mutations on in vitro filament formation and on the generation of ordered cytoskeletal arrays in transfected myoblasts. Although all but two mutants (p.E413K, p.R454W) assembled into IFs in vitro and all except p.E413K were incorporated into IF arrays in transfected C2C12 cells, filament properties differed significantly from wild-type desmin as revealed by viscometric assembly assays. Most notably, when coassembled with wild-type desmin, these mutants revealed a severe disturbance of filament-formation competence and filament-filament interactions, indicating an inherent incompatibility of mutant and wild-type protein to form mixed filaments. The various clinical phenotypes observed may reflect altered interactions of desmin's tail domain with different components of the myoblast cytoskeleton leading to diminished biomechanical properties and/or altered metabolism of the individual myocyte. Our in vitro assembly regimen proved to be a very sensible tool to detect if a particular desmin mutation is able to cause filament abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harald Bär
- Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
98
|
Lapouge K, Fontao L, Champliaud MF, Jaunin F, Frias MA, Favre B, Paulin D, Green KJ, Borradori L. New insights into the molecular basis of desmoplakinand desmin-related cardiomyopathies. J Cell Sci 2006; 119:4974-85. [PMID: 17105773 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.03255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Desmosomes are intercellular adhesive complexes that anchor the intermediate filament cytoskeleton to the cell membrane in epithelia and cardiac muscle cells. The desmosomal component desmoplakin plays a key role in tethering various intermediate filament networks through its C-terminal plakin repeat domain. To gain better insight into the cytoskeletal organization of cardiomyocytes, we investigated the association of desmoplakin with desmin by cell transfection, yeast two-hybrid, and/or in vitro binding assays. The results indicate that the association of desmoplakin with desmin depends on sequences within the linker region and C-terminal extremity of desmoplakin, where the B and C subdomains contribute to efficient binding; a potentially phosphorylatable serine residue in the C-terminal extremity of desmoplakin affects its association with desmin; the interaction of desmoplakin with non-filamentous desmin requires sequences contained within the desmin C-terminal rod portion and tail domain in yeast, whereas in in vitro binding studies the desmin tail is dispensable for association; and mutations in either the C-terminus of desmoplakin or the desmin tail linked to inherited cardiomyopathy seem to impair desmoplakindesmin interaction. These studies increase our understanding of desmoplakin-intermediate filament interactions, which are important for maintenance of cytoarchitecture in cardiomyocytes, and give new insights into the molecular basis of desmoplakin- and desmin-related human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karine Lapouge
- Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital, Geneva, Rue Micheli-du-Crest 14, 1211-Geneva 14, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
99
|
Bär H, Mücke N, Katus HA, Aebi U, Herrmann H. Assembly defects of desmin disease mutants carrying deletions in the alpha-helical rod domain are rescued by wild type protein. J Struct Biol 2006; 158:107-15. [PMID: 17188893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2006.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2006] [Accepted: 10/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Most mutations of desmin that cause severe autosomal dominant forms of myofibrillar myopathy are point mutations and locate in the central alpha-helical coiled-coil rod domain. Recently, two in-frame deletions of one and three amino acids, respectively, in the alpha-helix have been described and discussed to drastically interfere with the architecture of the desmin dimer and possibly also the formation of tetramers and higher order complexes [Kaminska, A., Strelkov, S.V., Goudeau, B., Olive, M., Dagvadorj, A., Fidzianska, A., Simon-Casteras, M., Shatunov, A., Dalakas, M.C., Ferrer, I., Kwiecinski, H., Vicart, P., Goldfarb, L.G., 2004. Small deletions disturb desmin architecture leading to breakdown of muscle cells and development of skeletal or cardioskeletal myopathy. Hum. Genet. 114, 306-313.]. Therefore, it was proposed that they may poison intermediate filament (IF) assembly. We have now recombinantly synthesized both mutant proteins and subjected them to comprehensive in vitro assembly experiments. While exhibiting assembly defects when analyzed on their own, both one-to-one mixtures of the respective mutant protein with wild type desmin facilitated proper filament formation. Transient transfection studies complemented this fundamental finding by demonstrating that wild type desmin is also rescuing these assembly defects in vivo. In summary, our findings strongly question the previous hypothesis that it is assembly incompetence due to molecular rearrangements caused by the mutations, which triggers the development of disease. As an alternative, we propose that these mutations cause subtle age-dependent structural alterations of desmin IFs that eventually lead to disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harald Bär
- Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
100
|
Sokolova AV, Kreplak L, Wedig T, Mücke N, Svergun DI, Herrmann H, Aebi U, Strelkov SV. Monitoring intermediate filament assembly by small-angle x-ray scattering reveals the molecular architecture of assembly intermediates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:16206-11. [PMID: 17050693 PMCID: PMC1637561 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0603629103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermediate filaments (IFs), along with microtubules, microfilaments, and associated cross-bridging proteins, constitute the cytoskeleton of metazoan cells. While crystallographic data on the dimer representing the elementary IF "building block" have recently become available, little structural detail is known about both the mature IF architecture and its assembly pathway. Here, we have applied solution small-angle x-ray scattering to investigate the in vitro assembly of a 53-kDa human IF protein vimentin at pH 8.4 by systematically varying the ionic strength conditions, and complemented these experiments by electron microscopy and analytical ultracentrifugation. While a vimentin solution in 5 mM Tris.HCl (pH 8.4) contains predominantly tetramers, addition of 20 mM NaCl induces further lateral assembly evidenced by the shift of the sedimentation coefficient and yields a distinct octameric intermediate. Four octamers eventually associate into unit-length filaments (ULFs) that anneal longitudinally. Based on the small-angle x-ray scattering experiments supplemented by crystallographic data and additional structural constraints, 3D molecular models of the vimentin tetramer, octamer, and ULF were constructed. Within each of the three oligomers, the adjacent dimers are aligned exclusively in an approximately half-staggered antiparallel A(11) mode with a distance of 3.2-3.4 nm between their axes. The ULF appears to be a dynamic and a relatively loosely packed structure with a roughly even mass distribution over its cross-section.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna V. Sokolova
- *Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and
- Institute of Crystallography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Laurent Kreplak
- Müller Institute for Structural Biology, Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tatjana Wedig
- Division of Cell Biology, German Cancer Research Centre, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; and
| | - Norbert Mücke
- Division of Cell Biology, German Cancer Research Centre, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; and
| | - Dmitri I. Svergun
- Institute of Crystallography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Outstation, 22603 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Harald Herrmann
- Division of Cell Biology, German Cancer Research Centre, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; and
| | - Ueli Aebi
- Müller Institute for Structural Biology, Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sergei V. Strelkov
- *Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and
- Müller Institute for Structural Biology, Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- To whom correspondence should be sent at the present address:
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Catholic University of Leuven, Herestraat 49 Bus 822, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|