51
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Nourian Z, Danelon C. Linking genotype and phenotype in protein synthesizing liposomes with external supply of resources. ACS Synth Biol 2013; 2:186-93. [PMID: 23656477 DOI: 10.1021/sb300125z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Reconstituting an elementary gene expression system inside self-assembled lipid vesicles to mimic the cellular synthesis machinery is at the core of the development of a minimal cell following a bottom-up synthetic biology approach. The ability to operate the expression of multiple genes in a controlled manner and to generate the output proteins with predictable dynamics in liposomes relies on the link between genotype and phenotype. Here, we established this link in surface-tethered liposomes producing proteins from a linear DNA template using a reconstituted transcription/translation/aminoacylation apparatus fuelled by external supply of feedstock. The amounts of entrapped DNA molecules and synthesized proteins were visualized by fluorescence confocal microscopy in individual vesicles. We showed that there exists no linear correlation between the amount of encapsulated genes and the level of output proteins, which is a consequence of the compositional heterogeneity between liposomes due to the low-copy number of some constituents, as well as interfacing differences with the nutrient-containing environment. In order to decouple gene activity from those sources of variability and, thus, infer the probabilistic occupancy of transcriptionally active genes in protein synthesizing liposomes, we developed a dual gene expression assay consisting of the production of two fluorescent reporter proteins of distinguishable colors from two different DNA templates. The stochastic color-coding of the vesicles was analyzed and compared to the color pattern expected from a Poisson distribution of encapsulated genes. Unexpectedly, we found that the apparent number of transcriptionally active DNA molecules in liposomes corresponds only to ca. 10% of the bulk concentration. We believe that our study provides new insights about the relationship between the genotype and phenotype in protein synthesizing liposomes, which is of primary importance toward the construction of a programmable artificial cell implemented with regulatory gene networks of predictable dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Nourian
- Department of Bionanoscience,
Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628
CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Christophe Danelon
- Department of Bionanoscience,
Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628
CJ, Delft, The Netherlands
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52
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Wang G, Zhang J. Photoresponsive molecular switches for biotechnology. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2012.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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53
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Venancio-Marques A, Liu YJ, Diguet A, di Maio T, Gautier A, Baigl D. Modification-free photocontrol of β-lactam conversion with spatiotemporal resolution. ACS Synth Biol 2012; 1:526-31. [PMID: 23656229 DOI: 10.1021/sb300010a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
β-Lactams can be converted into β-amino acids by β-lactamase, a bacterial enzyme, leading to significant change in the biological function of the substrate molecules. Here we describe a method for photocontrol of β-lactam conversion without gene nor enzyme modification. This is achieved by the addition of a cationic photosensitive surfactant, AzoTAB, to a gene expression medium containing DNA coding for β-lactamase, the enzyme capable of the desired conversion. In the absence of UV (365 nm) or after illumination by blue light (480 nm) for 4 min, conversion of β-lactam is strongly reduced while the application of UV for 4 min results in a strong enhancement of substrate conversion. Several cycles of activation/inhibition are obtained upon successive UV/blue light illuminations. When both reconstituted photoresponsive gene expression medium and β-lactamase substrate are encapsulated in independent microfluidic chambers, selective UV illumination results in spatially resolved activation of substrate conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Venancio-Marques
- Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 75005 Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, 75005 Paris, France
- UMR 8640, CNRS, France
| | - Yan-Jun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 75005 Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, 75005 Paris, France
- UMR 8640, CNRS, France
| | - Antoine Diguet
- Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 75005 Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, 75005 Paris, France
- UMR 8640, CNRS, France
| | - Thomas di Maio
- Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 75005 Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, 75005 Paris, France
- UMR 8640, CNRS, France
| | - Arnaud Gautier
- Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 75005 Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, 75005 Paris, France
- UMR 8640, CNRS, France
| | - Damien Baigl
- Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 75005 Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, 75005 Paris, France
- UMR 8640, CNRS, France
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54
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Rudiuk S, Venancio-Marques A, Baigl D. Enhancement and modulation of enzymatic activity through higher-order structural changes of giant DNA-protein multibranch conjugates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:12694-8. [PMID: 23143988 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201206962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Revised: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergii Rudiuk
- Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
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55
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Rudiuk S, Venancio-Marques A, Baigl D. Enhancement and Modulation of Enzymatic Activity through Higher-Order Structural Changes of Giant DNA-Protein Multibranch Conjugates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201206962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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56
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Baigl D. Photo-actuation of liquids for light-driven microfluidics: state of the art and perspectives. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:3637-53. [PMID: 22864577 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc40596b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Using light to control liquid motion is a new paradigm for the actuation of microfluidic systems. We review here the different principles and strategies to induce or control liquid motion using light, which includes the use of radiation pressure, optical tweezers, light-induced wettability gradients, the thermocapillary effect, photosensitive surfactants, the chromocapillary effect, optoelectrowetting, photocontrolled electroosmotic flows and optical dielectrophoresis. We analyze the performance of these approaches to control using light many kinds of microfluidic operations involving discrete pL- to μL-sized droplets (generation, driving, mixing, reaction, sorting) or fluid flows in microchannels (valve operation, injection, pumping, flow rate control). We show that a complete toolbox is now available to control microfluidic systems by light. We finally discuss the perspectives of digital optofluidics as well as microfluidics based on all optical fluidic chips and optically reconfigurable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Baigl
- Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France.
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57
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Brieke C, Rohrbach F, Gottschalk A, Mayer G, Heckel A. Light-controlled tools. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:8446-76. [PMID: 22829531 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201202134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 738] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Spatial and temporal control over chemical and biological processes plays a key role in life, where the whole is often much more than the sum of its parts. Quite trivially, the molecules of a cell do not form a living system if they are only arranged in a random fashion. If we want to understand these relationships and especially the problems arising from malfunction, tools are necessary that allow us to design sophisticated experiments that address these questions. Highly valuable in this respect are external triggers that enable us to precisely determine where, when, and to what extent a process is started or stopped. Light is an ideal external trigger: It is highly selective and if applied correctly also harmless. It can be generated and manipulated with well-established techniques, and many ways exist to apply light to living systems--from cells to higher organisms. This Review will focus on developments over the last six years and includes discussions on the underlying technologies as well as their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Brieke
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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58
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Brieke C, Rohrbach F, Gottschalk A, Mayer G, Heckel A. Lichtgesteuerte Werkzeuge. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201202134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Brieke
- Goethe‐Universität Frankfurt, Institut für Organische Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Buchmann‐Institut für Molekulare Lebenswissenschaften, Max‐von‐Laue‐Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt/Main (Deutschland)
| | - Falk Rohrbach
- Universität Bonn, LIMES‐Institut, Gerhard‐Domagk‐Straße 1, 53121 Bonn (Deutschland)
| | - Alexander Gottschalk
- Buchmann‐Institut für Molekulare Lebenswissenschaften, Institut für Biochemie, Max‐von‐Laue‐Straße 15, 60438 Frankfurt/Main (Deutschland)
| | - Günter Mayer
- Universität Bonn, LIMES‐Institut, Gerhard‐Domagk‐Straße 1, 53121 Bonn (Deutschland)
| | - Alexander Heckel
- Goethe‐Universität Frankfurt, Institut für Organische Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Buchmann‐Institut für Molekulare Lebenswissenschaften, Max‐von‐Laue‐Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt/Main (Deutschland)
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59
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Diguet A, Yanagisawa M, Liu YJ, Brun E, Abadie S, Rudiuk S, Baigl D. UV-induced bursting of cell-sized multicomponent lipid vesicles in a photosensitive surfactant solution. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:4898-904. [PMID: 22316240 PMCID: PMC3303198 DOI: 10.1021/ja211664f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We study the behavior of multicomponent giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) in the presence of AzoTAB, a photosensitive surfactant. GUVs are made of an equimolar ratio of dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC) and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and various amounts of cholesterol (Chol), where the lipid membrane shows a phase separation into a DPPC-rich liquid-ordered (L(o)) phase and a DOPC-rich liquid-disordered (L(d)) phase. We find that UV illumination at 365 nm for 1 s induces the bursting of a significant fraction of the GUV population. The percentage of UV-induced disrupted vesicles, called bursting rate (Y(burst)), increases with an increase in [AzoTAB] and depends on [Chol] in a non-monotonous manner. Y(burst) decreases when [Chol] increases from 0 to 10 mol % and then increases with a further increase in [Chol], which can be correlated with the phase composition of the membrane. We show that Y(burst) increases with the appearance of solid domains ([Chol] = 0) or with an increase in area fraction of L(o) phase (with increasing [Chol] ≥ 10 mol %). Under our conditions (UV illumination at 365 nm for 1 s), maximal bursting efficiency (Y(burst) = 53%) is obtained for [AzoTAB] = 1 mM and [Chol] = 40 mol %. Finally, by restricting the illumination area, we demonstrate the first selective UV-induced bursting of individual target GUVs. These results show a new method to probe biomembrane mechanical properties using light as well as pave the way for novel strategies of light-induced drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Diguet
- Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
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60
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Fukaminato T, Tateyama E, Tamaoki N. Fluorescence photoswitching based on a photochromic pKa change in an aqueous solution. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:10874-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc35889a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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61
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Zinchenko AA, Tanahashi M, Murata S. Photochemical Modulation of DNA Conformation by Organic Dications. Chembiochem 2011; 13:105-11. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201100492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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62
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Magome N, Kanaporis G, Moisan N, Tanaka K, Agladze K. Photo-Control of Excitation Waves in Cardiomyocyte Tissue Culture. Tissue Eng Part A 2011; 17:2703-11. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2010.0745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Magome
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Giedrius Kanaporis
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Nicolas Moisan
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichiro Tanaka
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Konstantin Agladze
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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63
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Rudiuk S, Yoshikawa K, Baigl D. Enhancement of DNA compaction by negatively charged nanoparticles: effect of nanoparticle size and surfactant chain length. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 368:372-7. [PMID: 22071517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We study the compaction of genomic DNA by a series of alkyltrimethylammonium bromide surfactants having different hydrocarbon chain lengths n: dodecyl-(DTAB, n=12), tetradecyl-(TTAB, n=14) and hexadecyl-(CTAB, n=16), in the absence and in the presence of negatively charged silica nanoparticles (NPs) with a diameter in the range 15-100 nm. We show that NPs greatly enhance the ability of all cationic surfactants to induce DNA compaction and that this enhancement increases with an increase in NP diameter. In the absence of NP, the ability of cationic surfactants to induce DNA compaction increases with an increase in n. Conversely, in the presence of NPs, the enhancement of DNA compaction increases with a decrease in n. Therefore, although CTAB is the most efficient surfactant to compact DNA, maximal enhancement by NPs is obtained for the largest NP diameter (here, 100 nm) and the smallest surfactant chain length (here, DTAB). We suggest a mechanism where the preaggregation of surfactants on NP surface mediated by electrostatic interactions promotes cooperative binding to DNA and thus enhances the ability of surfactants to compact DNA. We show that the amplitude of enhancement is correlated with the difference between the surfactant concentration corresponding to aggregation on DNA alone and that corresponding to the onset of adsorption on nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergii Rudiuk
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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64
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Rudiuk S, Saito H, Hara T, Inoue T, Yoshikawa K, Baigl D. Light-Regulated mRNA Condensation by a Photosensitive Surfactant Works as a Series Photoswitch of Translation Activity in the Presence of Small RNAs. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:3945-51. [DOI: 10.1021/bm200962s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergii Rudiuk
- Department of Physics, Graduate
School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto
606-8502, Japan
| | - Hirohide Saito
- Laboratory
of Gene Biodynamics,
Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Hara
- Laboratory
of Gene Biodynamics,
Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tan Inoue
- Laboratory
of Gene Biodynamics,
Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yoshikawa
- Department of Physics, Graduate
School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto
606-8502, Japan
| | - Damien Baigl
- Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 75005 Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie − Paris 6, 75005 Paris,
France
- UMR 8640, CNRS, Paris, France
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65
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Diguet A, Li H, Queyriaux N, Chen Y, Baigl D. Photoreversible fragmentation of a liquid interface for micro-droplet generation by light actuation. LAB ON A CHIP 2011; 11:2666-9. [PMID: 21727984 DOI: 10.1039/c1lc20328b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We describe a method to induce by light a reversible switch from a continuous two-phase laminar flow to a droplet generating regime, in microfluidic devices with a usual water-in-oil flow focusing geometry. It consists in adding a photosensitive surfactant to the aqueous phase to modulate using light the interfacial energy between flowing liquids and the microfluidic substrate. We show that UV irradiation induces liquid fragmentation into monodisperse water microdroplets and that many cycles of reversible and rapid switches (<2 s) between continuous laminar flows and stable droplet regimes can be realized. By spatially controlling the application of the light stimulus, we also demonstrate the first spatially resolved remote induction of droplet generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Diguet
- Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Superieure, Paris, France
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66
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Abstract
The photoisomerization of azobenzene has been known for almost 75 years but only recently has this process been widely applied to biological systems. The central challenge of how to productively couple the isomerization process to a large functional change in a biomolecule has been met in a number of instances and it appears that effective photocontrol of a large variety of biomolecules may be possible. This critical review summarizes key properties of azobenzene that enable its use as a photoswitch in biological systems and describes strategies for using azobenzene photoswitches to drive functional changes in peptides, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates (192 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Beharry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St. Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
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67
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Yamada A, Barbaud F, Cinque L, Wang L, Zeng Q, Chen Y, Baigl D. Oil microsealing: a robust micro-compartmentalization method for on-chip chemical and biological assays. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2010; 6:2169-2175. [PMID: 20818620 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201000507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A simple and robust method to compartmentalize aqueous solutions into an array of independent microchambers is presented. The array of microchambers fabricated in poly(dimethylsiloxane) are filled with the sample solution through a microfluidic channel and then sealed with oil to isolate the microchambers from each other. A water reservoir close to the microchambers allows the maintainance and incubation of sub-nanoliter solutions (e.g., at 37 °C) within the chambers for hours without any problem of evaporation. Once assembled, the device is self-sustainable and can be used for different application purposes. As a demonstration, the device configuration is shown to be suitable for spatiotemporal control of the inner solution conditions by light stimulation through a photomask. This method was applied for the generation of regular EmGFP (emerald green fluorescent protein) expression arrays, selective photobleaching, photopatterning of calcium concentration, and cell culture in independent microchambers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Yamada
- Department of Chemistry Ecole Normale Supérieure 24 rue Lhomond, F-75005 Paris, France
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68
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Diguet A, Mani NK, Geoffroy M, Sollogoub M, Baigl D. Photosensitive Surfactants with Various Hydrophobic Tail Lengths for the Photocontrol of Genomic DNA Conformation with Improved Efficiency. Chemistry 2010; 16:11890-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Diguet
- Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Superieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris (France), Fax: (+33) 1‐4432‐2402
| | - Naresh Kumar Mani
- Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Superieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris (France), Fax: (+33) 1‐4432‐2402
| | - Marie Geoffroy
- Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Superieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris (France), Fax: (+33) 1‐4432‐2402
| | - Matthieu Sollogoub
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (UMR CNRS 7201), FR 2769, C. 181, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris (France)
| | - Damien Baigl
- Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Superieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris (France), Fax: (+33) 1‐4432‐2402
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69
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Protection of Human Genomic DNA from Mechanical Stress by Reversible Folding Transition. Chembiochem 2010; 11:340-3. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200900734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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70
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Diguet A, Guillermic RM, Magome N, Saint-Jalmes A, Chen Y, Yoshikawa K, Baigl D. Photomanipulation of a Droplet by the Chromocapillary Effect. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200904868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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71
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Diguet A, Guillermic RM, Magome N, Saint-Jalmes A, Chen Y, Yoshikawa K, Baigl D. Photomanipulation of a Droplet by the Chromocapillary Effect. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:9281-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200904868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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