51
|
Jackson A, Powell S, Johnston S, Shelton J, Bidner T, Valdez F, Southern L. The Effect of Chromium Propionate on Growth Performance and Carcass Traits in Broilers. J APPL POULTRY RES 2008. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2008-00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
52
|
Bakhiet A, Elbadwi S. Effects of Dietary Chromium Supplementation on the Performance and Some Serum Parameters in Bovans-type Chicks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.3923/jpt.2007.402.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
53
|
Li ZY, Guo SY, Li L. Study on the process, thermodynamical isotherm and mechanism of Cr(III) uptake by Spirulina platensis. J FOOD ENG 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2005.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
54
|
Króliczewska B, Zawadzki W, Dobrzanski Z, Kaczmarek-Oliwa A. Changes in selected serum parameters of broiler chicken fed supplemental chromium. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2005; 88:393-400. [PMID: 15584948 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2004.00496.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of chromium (Cr) from Cr yeast on the growth performance and total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, total protein and Cr concentration in the serum of broiler chicken. The birds were fed a control diet or a control diet supplemented with Cr at a level of 300, 500 microg/kg Cr. The supplementation of 500 mug/kg Cr increased body weight, weight gain and feed efficiency (p < 0.05). In addition, supplementation with Cr decreased the serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol (p < 0.05), triglycerides (p < 0.05) and glucose (p < 0.05) concentrations whereas serum HDL cholesterol increased. Serum total protein and serum Cr concentration slightly but not significantly increased in both Cr groups. The study suggest that Cr supplementation particularly at 500 microg/kg Cr from Cr yeast can influence on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism of broiler chicken and can be used as additives in animal diet but it still needs more investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Króliczewska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Agriculural University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
55
|
Smith KL, Waldron MR, Drackley JK, Socha MT, Overton TR. Performance of Dairy Cows as Affected by Prepartum Dietary Carbohydrate Source and Supplementation with Chromium Throughout the Transition Period. J Dairy Sci 2005; 88:255-63. [PMID: 15591388 DOI: 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(05)72683-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Holstein cows (n = 72) entering second or later lactation were used to determine whether productive performance and dry matter intake (DMI) are affected by carbohydrate source in the prepartum diet and chromium-L-methionine (Cr-Met) supplementation throughout the periparturient period. Cows were fed either a TMR with the concentrate portion based on starch-based cereals [high nonfiber carbohydrate (NFC); 1.59 Mcal/kg of net energy for lactation (NEL), 14.4% crude protein (CP), 40.3% NFC] or a TMR with the concentrate portion based on nonforage fiber sources (low NFC; 1.54 Mcal/kg NEL, 14.5% CP, 33.6% NFC) from 21 d before expected parturition until parturition. After parturition all cows were fed a lactation TMR (1.74 Mcal/kg NEL, 16.5% CP, 40.0% NFC). The Cr-Met was supplemented once daily via gelatin capsule at dosages of 0, 0.03, or 0.06 mg of Cr/kg of metabolic body weight. Thus, treatments were in a 2 (carbohydrate source) x 3 (Cr-Met) factorial arrangement. Neither prepartum nor postpartum DMI was affected by prepartum dietary carbohydrate source. Administering increasing amounts of Cr-Met linearly increased milk yield and, subsequently, postpartum DMI. Prepartum carbohydrate source did not affect postpartum milk yield; however, cows fed the low NFC diet tended to yield milk with a lower content of total solids. These data indicate that prepartum carbohydrate source has little influence on performance during the immediate peripartal period, and that increases in milk yield for cows supplemented with Cr-Met are independent of prepartum dietary carbohydrate source.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K L Smith
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
56
|
Debski B, Zalewski W, Gralak MA, Kosla T. Chromium-yeast supplementation of chicken broilers in an industrial farming system. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2004; 18:47-51. [PMID: 15487763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2004.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The experiment was performed on ISA broilers at big farm conditions. One day old chickens were randomly assigned to two poultry-houses with the capacity of 10600 birds each. Chromium was provided in the form of chromium enriched yeast (1.0 g Cr/kg yeast) given in doses of 0.2 mg Cr/kg diet. No significant differences in growth rate and only a slight decrease of feed conversion ratio was found in broilers receiving chromium-yeast supplement. However, these birds had a lower mortality rate comparied with the rate observed in the controls. Moreover, dietary chromium led also to an improvement of carcass composition. Organic chromium supplementation increased the weight of pectoral muscles and meat of these broilers contained less amounts of fat and cholesterol. These effects were accompanied by an insignificant increase of chromium concentration in the pectoral muscles of birds fed chromium supplemented diets, from 40 to 52 microg/kg wet tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Debski
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw Agricultural University, ul. Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
57
|
Bernao A, Meseguer I, Aguilar MV, Para MCM, Muñoz MJG. Effect of different doses of chromium picolinate on protein metabolism in infant rats. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2004; 18:33-9. [PMID: 15487761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2004.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This 12-day study was conducted to evaluate the effects of three different levels of dietary chromium (100, 200, and 500 microg/day) in the form of chromium picolinate (CrPic) on growth and protein use in weaned rats. No significant effect of CrPic on body weight gain, food intake, or food conversion rate was observed. Elevated doses of CrPic seemed to increase muscle mass, either by stimulating protein anabolism by activation of insulin by chromium or by lowering protein degradation. However, these effects had no repercussions on overall growth, suggesting that any anabolic effect of chromium due to the action of insulin was probably marginal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aonio Bernao
- Department of Nutrition, Bromatology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
58
|
Piva A, Meola E, Paolo Gatta P, Biagi G, Castellani G, Mordenti AL, Bernard Luchansky J, Silva S, Mordenti A. The effect of dietary supplementation with trivalent chromium on production performance of laying hens and the chromium content in the yolk. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0377-8401(03)00006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
59
|
Sahin K, Sahin N, Kucuk O. Effects of chromium, and ascorbic acid supplementation on growth, carcass traits, serum metabolites, and antioxidant status of broiler chickens reared at a high ambient temperature (32°C). Nutr Res 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0271-5317(02)00513-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
60
|
Şahin K, Önderci M. Optimal dietary concentrations of vitamin C and chromium for alleviating the effect of low ambient temperature on serum insulin, corticosterone, and some blood metabolites in laying hens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/jtra.10014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
61
|
Şahin K, Şahin N, Küçük O. Effects of dietary chromium picolinate supplementation on serum and tissue mineral contents of laying Japanese quails. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/jtra.10013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
62
|
Sahin K, Ozbey O, Onderci M, Cikim G, Aysondu MH. Chromium supplementation can alleviate negative effects of heat stress on egg production, egg quality and some serum metabolites of laying Japanese quail. J Nutr 2002; 132:1265-8. [PMID: 12042444 DOI: 10.1093/jn/132.6.1265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effects of Cr (chromium picolinate, CrPic) supplementation at various levels (0, 200, 400, 800 or 1200 microg/kg of diet) on egg production, egg quality and serum concentrations of insulin, corticosterone and glucose in laying Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japanica) reared under conditions of heat stress (32.5 degrees C). Laying Japanese quail (n = 150; 45 d old) were divided into five groups of 30 birds. The quail were fed either a control diet containing 965 microg Cr/kg diet or the control diet supplemented with 200, 400, 800 or 1200 microg of Cr/kg diet. Increased supplemental chromium increased body weight (P = 0.05, linear), feed intake (P = 0.05, linear), egg production (P = 0.01, linear) and also improved feed efficiency (P = 0.01, linear). Increased supplemental chromium linearly increased egg weight (P = 0.01), eggshell thickness, egg specific gravity (P = 0.05) and Haugh unit (P = 0.01). Serum insulin concentration increased linearly (P = 0.01), whereas corticosterone and glucose concentration decreased linearly (P = 0.05) as dietary chromium increased. The best results were obtained with 1200 microg Cr/kg diet, and chromium supplementation at such a level can be considered to be protective management practice in a quail diet, reducing the negative effects of heat stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Sahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary Faculty, University of Firat, 23119 Elazig, Turkey.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
63
|
Sahin K, Onderci M, Sahin N, Aydin S. Effects of dietary chromium picolinate and ascorbic acid supplementation on egg production, egg quality and some serum metabolites of laying hens reared under a low ambient temperature (6 degrees C). ARCHIV FUR TIERERNAHRUNG 2002; 56:41-9. [PMID: 12389221 DOI: 10.1080/00039420214174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of chromium (chromium picolinate, Cr Pic) and vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) supplementation on egg production and egg quality in laying hens (Hy-Line) kept at 18 degrees C (at thermo-neutral zone) or 6 degrees C (cold stress) in temperature-controlled rooms. One hundred and fifty laying hens (32 week-old) were divided into 5 groups, 30 hens per group. The laying hens kept at 6 degrees C temperature were fed either a basal diet (low temperature-basal diet, LTB group) or the basal diet supplemented with either 400 micrograms of Cr per kg diet (Cr group), 250 mg of L-ascorbic acid per kg diet (Vit C group) or 400 micrograms of Cr plus 250 mg of L-ascorbic acid per kg diet (Vit C + Cr group) while hens kept at 18 degrees C fed a basal diet (thermo-neutral-basal diet, TNB group). Performance and egg quality were significantly reduced in LTB group compared with TNB group. Supplemental chromium and vitamin C significantly increased live weight change, egg production, and improved feed efficiency in cold-stressed hens compared with group fed the basal diet at 6 degrees C brought up to the values of the group reared under thermoneutral conditions (18 degrees C). Egg production and egg weight were also greater in each supplemental group compared with the LTB group. Separately or as a combination, supplemental chromium and vitamin C increased serum insulin but decreased corticosterone, glucose and cholesterol concentrations. Results of the present study show that supplementing vitamin C and chromium, particularly as a combination, improved the performance of cold-stressed hens. Such a combination of supplement can offer a potential protective management practice in preventing cold stress-related losses in performance of laying hens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Sahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Firat, Elaziğ, Turkey.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
64
|
Şahin K, Küçük O, Şahin N, Ozbey O. Effects of dietary chromium picolinate supplementation on egg production, egg quality and serum concentrations of insulin, corticosterone, and some metabolites of Japanese quails. Nutr Res 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0271-5317(01)00330-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
65
|
Chen KL, Lu JJ, Lien TF, Chiou PW. Effects of chromium nicotinate on performance, carcase characteristics and blood chemistry of growing turkeys. Br Poult Sci 2001; 42:399-404. [PMID: 11469563 DOI: 10.1080/00071660120055403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
1. The objective of this trial was to study the effects of chromium nicotinate (Cr) supplementation on the performance, carcase characteristics and blood constituents of 9 to 22 week-old male turkeys. 2. Fifty-four 8-week-old male turkeys weighing 2.9 +/- 0.28 kg were allocated at random into 9 groups with 3 dietary treatments and 3 replicates. The dietary treatment was different dietary concentrations of chromium in the basal diet, to provide 0 (control), 1 or 3 mg/kg. The feeding trial lasted for 14 weeks. 3. Results showed that 1 mg/kg chromium supplementation significantly improved weight gain and food intake at 9 to 18 weeks of age but did not significantly influence performance at 19 to 22 week of age. The breast and thigh muscle were significantly increased in birds receiving 1 mg/kg chromium supplementation but were decreased by 3 mg/kg of supplementation. 4. Dietary chromium supplementation did not significantly influence other serum constituents, including insulin, HDL, VLDL+LDL, HDL-C, VLDL-C+LDL-C, total protein, albumin, and gamma-globulin at 18 and 22 weeks of age. 5. The serum triacylglycerol (TG) and uric acid contents were significantly increased, while glycerol and alpha-globulin were significantly reduced by 3 mg/kg chromium supplementation. However, 1 mg/kg chromium supplementation significantly reduced serum cholesterol and glycerol at 18-weeks old. At 22 weeks of age, 1 mg/kg chromium supplementation significantly increased serum glucose and decreased the uric acid concentration whereas 3 mg/kg chromium supplementation significantly increased the creatinine concentration and decreased beta-globulin concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K L Chen
- Department ofAnimal Science, National Chia-Yi University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|