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Gertheiss J. ANOVA for Factors With Ordered Levels. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13253-014-0170-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
SUMMARY Chronic widespread pain (CWP) represents pain involving several regions of the body. Various psychological and social risk factors such as poor general health status, sleep disturbance, fatigue and high psychological distress have been identified for the development of CWP. Numerous chronic pain conditions are comorbid, resulting in the development of CWP in many of these patients. Temporomandibular disorder is one of the most extensively studied chronic musculoskeletal pain condition in terms of its comorbidity with CWP and fibromyalgia. It has been proposed that these comorbid pain disorders share common denominators, including exposure to certain environmental events, elevated psychological distress, pain amplification and genetic predisposition. Increased awareness of CWP is important for improved diagnoses and more effective pain management. Patients with CWP can be effectively managed in multidisciplinary pain clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Feng Lim
- Center for Neurosensory Disorders, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2054 Old Dental Building, CB 7455, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Löfgren M, Ekholm J, Broman L, Njoo P, Schult ML. Using a profile of a modified Brief ICF Core Set for chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain with qualifiers for baseline assessment in interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation. J Multidiscip Healthc 2013; 6:311-21. [PMID: 24039435 PMCID: PMC3770625 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s46501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To describe the use of a “workable” visual profile of function and disability, based on a modified Brief International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Set for chronic widespread pain, for initial assessments in a clinical setting of interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation teams. Method The Brief ICF Core Set was slightly adapted to meet the needs of an interdisciplinary rehabilitation medicine team working in a university outpatient clinic and admitting patients referred from primary care. The Core Set categories were made measurable by means of eg, assessment instruments and clinical investigations. The resulting profile was given a workable shape to facilitate rapid understanding of the initial assessment outcome. Results Individual patients showed different profiles of problems and resources, which facilitated individual rehabilitation planning. At the level of the study group, the profiles for the Core Set component Body Functions showed that most patients had severe impairment in the sensation of pain and exercise tolerance categories of function, but most had resources in the motivation and memory categories of function. Likewise, for the component Activities, most patients had limitations in lifting and carrying objects and remunerative employment, but most had resources in intimate relationships and family relationships. At first, the use of the modified Brief ICF Core Set in the team conference was rather time consuming, but after a couple of months of experience, the team assessment took approximately 30 minutes to complete per patient. Conclusion The profile of the modified Brief ICF Core Set for chronic widespread pain served as a common platform, facilitating cooperation between the rehabilitation team members and providing a uniform language, which helped in structuring the clinical work. The profile also provided an easily accessible, overall view of the patient’s problems and resources, which helped in understanding the functioning situation of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Löfgren
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Stockholm, Danderyd University Hospital, Sweden ; Karolinska Institutet, Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Kurtaiş Y, Őztuna D, Genç A, Kutlay Ş, Tennant A, Küçükdeveci AA. Reliability, Construct Validity and Measurement Potential of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Comprehensive Core Set for Chronic Widespread Pain. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.3109/10582452.2013.827772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Yen TH, Liou TH, Chang KH, Wu NN, Chou LC, Chen HC. Systematic review of ICF core set from 2001 to 2012. Disabil Rehabil 2013; 36:177-84. [DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2013.782359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Cook KF, Dunn W, Griffith JW, Morrison MT, Tanquary J, Sabata D, Victorson D, Carey LM, Macdermid JC, Dudgeon BJ, Gershon RC. Pain assessment using the NIH Toolbox. Neurology 2013; 80:S49-53. [PMID: 23479545 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182872e80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pain is an important component of health and function, and chronic pain can be a problem in its own right. The purpose of this report is to review the considerations surrounding pain measurement in the NIH Toolbox, as well as to describe the measurement tools that were adopted for inclusion in the NIH Toolbox assessment battery. METHODS Instruments to measure pain in the NIH Toolbox were selected on the basis of scholarly input from a diverse group of experts, as well as review of existing instruments, which include verbal rating scales, numerical rating scales, and graphical scales. RESULTS Brief self-report measures of pain intensity and pain interference were selected for inclusion in the core NIH Toolbox for use with adults. A 0 to 10 numerical rating scale was recommended for measuring pain intensity, and a 6-item Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) short form for measuring pain interference. The 8-item PROMIS Pediatric Pain Interference measure was recommended as a supplemental measure. No specific measure was recommended for measuring pain intensity in children. CONCLUSIONS Core and supplemental measures were recommended for the NIH Toolbox. Additional measures were reviewed for investigators who seek tools for measuring pain intensity in pediatric samples.
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Allen PB, Kamm MA, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Studd C, McDowell C, Allen BCM, Connell WR, De Cruz PP, Bell SJ, Elliot RP, Brown S, Desmond PV, Lemann M, Colombel JF. Development and validation of a patient-reported disability measurement tool for patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2013; 37:438-44. [PMID: 23278192 DOI: 10.1111/apt.12187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2012] [Revised: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease can impact on a patient's ability to maintain normal physical and mental function, and fulfil their social, family and work roles. Aspects of disability in IBD have received little attention. AIM To develop, validate and apply a questionnaire directed towards evaluating these disease aspects. METHODS A literature review on disability in IBD was undertaken, and opinion about aspects of disability to measure was sought from six IBD-specialised gastroenterologists. A questionnaire was developed, and IBD patients completed the new disability questionnaire, the SF-36 and the short-IBD (SIBDQ - 10 point). A subgroup of patients completed the questionnaire again 4 weeks later. Healthy volunteers were studied as a control group. RESULTS A total of 116 IBD out-patients were approached, of whom 81 (52 Crohn's disease and 28 ulcerative colitis) participated. Nineteen patients were re-evaluated at 4 weeks. Twenty-five controls were studied. All subscales demonstrated good Cronbach's alpha reliability and reproducibility. There was a significant inverse correlation between the disability score and the SIBDQ and between the disability score and the SF36 and a positive correlation with the Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) (all P < 0.001). Disability differed between ulcerative colitis and controls, but not between active and inactive disease. CONCLUSIONS The new disability questionnaire is sensitive for detecting disability, is reliable and reproducible, and correlates with disease activity in Crohn's disease, but not ulcerative colitis. Further prospective testing is now needed in the longer term, larger patient populations and in different countries and ethnicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- P B Allen
- St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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Schwegler U, Anner J, Boldt C, Glässel A, Lay V, De Boer WEL, Stucki G, Trezzini B. Aspects of functioning and environmental factors in medical work capacity evaluations of persons with chronic widespread pain and low back pain can be represented by a combination of applicable ICF Core Sets. BMC Public Health 2012; 12:1088. [PMID: 23249190 PMCID: PMC3560212 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-1088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Medical work capacity evaluations play a key role in social security schemes because they usually form the basis for eligibility decisions regarding disability benefits. However, the evaluations are often poorly standardized and lack transparency as decisions on work capacity are based on a claimant’s disease rather than on his or her functional capacity. A comprehensive and consistent illustration of a claimant’s lived experience in relation to functioning, applying the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and the ICF Core Sets (ICF-CS), potentially enhances transparency and standardization of work capacity evaluations. In our study we wanted to establish whether and how the relevant content of work capacity evaluations can be captured by ICF-CS, using disability claimants with chronic widespread pain (CWP) and low back pain (LBP) as examples. Methods Mixed methods study, involving a qualitative and quantitative content analysis of medical reports. The ICF was used for data coding. The coded categories were ranked according to the percentage of reports in which they were addressed. Relevance thresholds at 25% and 50% were applied. To determine the extent to which the categories above the thresholds are represented by applicable ICF-CS or combinations thereof, measures of the ICF-CS’ degree of coverage (i.e. content validity) and efficiency (i.e. practicability) were defined. Results Focusing on the 25% threshold and combining the Brief ICF-CS for CWP, LBP and depression for CWP reports, the coverage ratio reached 49% and the efficiency ratio 70%. Combining the Brief ICF-CS for LBP, CWP and obesity for LBP reports led to a coverage of 47% and an efficiency of 78%. Conclusions The relevant content of work capacity evaluations involving CWP and LBP can be represented by a combination of applicable ICF-CS. A suitable standard for documenting such evaluations could consist of the Brief ICF-CS for CWP, LBP, and depression or obesity, augmented by additional ICF categories relevant for this particular context. In addition, the unique individual experiences of claimants have to be considered in order to assess work capacity comprehensively.
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Validation of the comprehensive ICF core set for multiple sclerosis from the perspective of physical therapists. Phys Ther 2012; 92:799-820. [PMID: 22403092 DOI: 10.2522/ptj.20110056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Comprehensive ICF Core Set for Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an application of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and represents the typical spectrum of problems in the functioning of people with MS. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to validate the Comprehensive ICF Core Set for MS from the perspective of physical therapists. DESIGN A 3-round survey based on the Delphi technique was used. METHODS Physical therapists experienced in the management of MS were asked about problems and resources of people with MS as well as environmental aspects treated by physical therapists (eg, use of assistive devices, support). Statements were linked to the ICF and compared with the Comprehensive ICF Core Set for MS. RESULTS Eighty physical therapists from 23 countries mentioned 2,133 issues that covered all of the ICF components. Two hundred thirty-eight ICF categories were linked to the statements. Forty-six categories in the Comprehensive ICF Core Set for MS were confirmed by physical therapists at the same level or a more specific level of classification. Nineteen additional ICF categories were reported by at least 75% of the participants. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study support the content and face validity of the Comprehensive ICF Core Set for MS. Areas of functioning and health that physical therapists believe should be assessed were identified. The findings of this study as well as the results of completed and ongoing validation studies will further elucidate the validity of the Comprehensive ICF Core Set for MS from different perspectives.
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Abstract
The Orthopaedic Section of the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) has an ongoing effort to create evidence-based practice guidelines for orthopaedic physical therapy management of patients with musculoskeletal impairments described in the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). The purpose of these low back pain clinical practice guidelines, in particular, is to describe the peer-reviewed literature and make recommendations related to (1) treatment matched to low back pain subgroup responder categories, (2) treatments that have evidence to prevent recurrence of low back pain, and (3) treatments that have evidence to influence the progression from acute to chronic low back pain and disability.
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Self-reported pain severity, quality of life, disability, anxiety and depression in patients classified with ‘nociceptive’, ‘peripheral neuropathic’ and ‘central sensitisation’ pain. The discriminant validity of mechanisms-based classifications of low back (±leg) pain. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 17:119-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.math.2011.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Revised: 10/02/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Escorpizo R, Boers M, Stucki G, Boonen A. Examining the similarities and differences of OMERACT core sets using the ICF: first step towards an improved domain specification and development of an item pool to measure functioning and health. J Rheumatol 2012; 38:1739-44. [PMID: 21807795 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.110395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To contribute to the discussion on a common approach for domain selection in the Outcomes in Rheumatology Clinical Trials (OMERACT) process. First, this article reports on the consistency in the selection and names of the domains of the current OMERACT core set, and next on the comparability of the specifications of concepts that are relevant within the domains. For this purpose, a convenience sample of 4 OMERACT core sets was used: rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), longitudinal observational studies (LOS) in rheumatology, and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Domains from the different core sets were compared directly. To be able to compare the specific content of the domains, the concepts contained in the questionnaires that were considered or proposed to measure the domains were identified and linked to the category of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) that best fit that construct. Large differences in the domains, and lack of domain definitions, were noted among the 4 OMERACT core sets. When comparing the concepts in the questionnaires that represent the domains, core sets differed also in the number and type of constructs that were addressed within each of the domains. Especially for the specification of the concepts within the domains Discomfort and Disability, the ICF proved to be useful as external reference to classify the different constructs. Our exercise suggests that the OMERACT process could benefit from a standardized approach to select, define, and specify domains, and demonstrated that the ICF is useful for further classification of the more specific concepts of "what to measure" within the domains. A clear definition and classification of domains and their specification can be useful as a starting point to build a pool of items that could then be used to develop new instruments to assess functioning and health for rheumatological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reuben Escorpizo
- Department of Health Sciences and Health Policy, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
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Lakke SE, Wittink H, Geertzen JH, van der Schans CP, Reneman MF. Factors That Affect Functional Capacity in Patients With Musculoskeletal Pain: A Delphi Study Among Scientists, Clinicians, and Patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2012; 93:446-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2011.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Revised: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 10/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Trabacca A, Russo L, Losito L, Rinaldis MD, Moro G, Cacudi M, Gennaro L. The ICF-CY perspective on the neurorehabilitation of cerebral palsy: a single case study. J Child Neurol 2012; 27:183-90. [PMID: 21911416 DOI: 10.1177/0883073811415852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Starting from the case of a 12-year-old boy with dyskinetic (athetoid-dystonic subtype) cerebral palsy, the authors apply the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for Children and Youth (ICF-CY) of the World Health Organization (WHO) as a comprehensive documentation tool to guide the pathway of care and illustrate a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary neurorehabilitation team approach. The ICF-CY provides a common and universal language for describing and measuring health and disability in the first 2 decades of life. Despite the fact that this is a single case design, the authors consider it useful for the identification of an ICF-CY core set for the description of children with cerebral palsy. The results of this single case study are preliminary and need to be tested in a large trial of children with cerebral palsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Trabacca
- Scientific Institute-I.R.C.C.S. E. Medea-Unit of Neurorehabilitation I (Developmental Neurology and Functional Rehabilitation), Ostuni, (Brindisi), Italy.
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Domain Sets and Measurement Instruments on Participation and Environmental Factors in Spinal Cord Injury Research. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2011; 90:S66-78. [DOI: 10.1097/phm.0b013e318230fbf9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kostanjsek N, Escorpizo R, Boonen A, Walsh NE, Üstün TB, Stucki G. Assessing the impact of musculoskeletal health conditions using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Disabil Rehabil 2011; 33:1281-97. [DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2010.526165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Brehm M, Bus SA, Harlaar J, Nollet F. A candidate core set of outcome measures based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for clinical studies on lower limb orthoses. Prosthet Orthot Int 2011; 35:269-77. [PMID: 21937572 DOI: 10.1177/0309364611413496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although many core sets of measurement concepts have been published in the literature, this has not been done for the field of lower limb orthoses. OBJECTIVES This paper provides an overview of the measurement concepts that are relevant in lower limb orthotic evaluations, and it proposes a candidate Core Set of outcome measures to be used in clinical studies on ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) and knee-ankle-foot orthoses (KAFOs). STUDY DESIGN Literature review. METHODS The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) was used as framework to select relevant concepts. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Measurement concepts covering all ICF levels of functioning were identified as relevant for the Core Set, including functions of the joints and bones (b710-b729), muscle functions (b730-b749), gait pattern functions (b770), walking (b450), moving around in different locations (d460), and daily-life functioning (d5-d9). Further validation of this candidate Core Set through a formal decision-making process is needed to obtain consensus among experts in the field. Based on such a consensus, the next step will be to systematically review the literature and identify those measurement instruments that are best suited to assess the proposed concepts, based on their psychometric properties in a given sample and context. Thereafter, we suggest that this ICF Core Set of measurement instruments should be applied in orthotic studies on AFOs and KAFOs in ambulatory patients with gait problems. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Although many ICF Core Sets have been published, this has not been done for the field of lower limb orthoses. We feel that such a Core Set is urgently needed, to enable comparison of results, and establish evidence on the efficacy of orthotic treatment, which will improve patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merel Brehm
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Prodinger B, Salzberger T, Stucki G, Stamm T, Cieza A. Measuring functioning in people with fibromyalgia (FM) based on the international classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF)--a psychometric analysis. Pain Pract 2011; 12:255-65. [PMID: 21797963 DOI: 10.1111/j.1533-2500.2011.00488.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Instruments to assess functioning in patients with FM vary considerably in their content and are often symptom-specific. This study aimed to examine whether it is feasible to construct a psychometric-sound clinical instrument to measure functioning in FM based on the Brief ICF-Core-Set for chronic widespread pain (CWP). METHODS Two hundred and fifty six people with FM completed the Brief ICF-Core-Set. The Rasch model was used for analysis. Once ordering of response options of ICF categories was ensured, the following properties were studied: fit of the ICF categories to the Rasch model, the targeting between ICF categories and a person's abilities, unidimensionality, and reliability. RESULTS Six ICF categories were rescored due to disordered thresholds. Five ICF categories were removed due to high model-misfit and differential item functioning (DIF) for gender. Scores from 46 participants were excluded due to extreme scores. The ICF categories included display consistency with an underlying unidimensional construct, are free of DIF for age, disease duration and gender, display excellent overall reliability, and cover a range of functioning difficulties. CONCLUSIONS This study illustrates that it is possible to measure functioning as a unidimensional construct based on selected ICF categories from the components body functions, as well as activities and participation of the Brief ICF-Core-Set for CWP in patients with FM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Prodinger
- Clinic for Internal Medicine III, Department of Rheumatology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
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Pollard B, Johnston M, Dieppe P. Exploring the relationships between International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) constructs of Impairment, Activity Limitation and Participation Restriction in people with osteoarthritis prior to joint replacement. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2011; 12:97. [PMID: 21575238 PMCID: PMC3123258 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-12-97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) proposes three main constructs, impairment (I), activity limitation (A) and participation restriction (P). The ICF model allows for all paths between the constructs to be explored, with significant paths likely to vary for different conditions. The relationships between I, A and P have been explored in some conditions but not previously in people with osteoarthritis prior to joint replacement. The aim of this paper is to examine these relationships using separate measures of each construct and structural equation modelling. Methods A geographical cohort of 413 patients with osteoarthritis about to undergo hip and knee joint replacement completed the Aberdeen measures of Impairment, Activity Limitation and Participation Restriction (Ab-IAP). Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the three factor (I, A, P) measurement model. Structural equation modelling was used to explore the I, A and P pathways in the ICF model. Results There was support from confirmatory factor analysis for the three factor I, A, P measurement model. The structural equation model had good fit [S-B Chi-square = 439.45, df = 149, CFI robust = 0.91, RMSEA robust = 0.07] and indicated significant pathways between I and A (standardised coefficient = 0.76 p < 0.0001) and between A and P (standardised coefficient = 0.75 p < 0.0001). However, the path between I and P was not significant (standardised coefficient = 0.01). Conclusion The significant pathways suggest that treatments and interventions aimed at reducing impairment, such as joint replacement, may only affect P indirectly, through A, however, longitudinal data would be needed to establish this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Pollard
- Aberdeen Health Psychology Group, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
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Pettersson I, Pettersson V, Frisk M. ICF from an occupational therapy perspective in adult care: an integrative literature review. Scand J Occup Ther 2011; 19:260-73. [DOI: 10.3109/11038128.2011.557087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Sallinen M, Kukkurainen ML, Peltokallio L, Mikkelsson M. “I'm tired of being tired” – Fatigue as experienced by women with fibromyalgia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3109/14038196.2010.546880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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HIV/AIDS: use of the ICF in Brazil and South Africa--comparative data from four cross-sectional studies. Physiotherapy 2011; 97:17-25. [PMID: 21295234 DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2010.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2010] [Accepted: 08/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a serious disease which can be associated with various activity limitations and participation restrictions. The aim of this paper was to describe how HIV affects the functioning and health of people within different environmental contexts, particularly with regard to access to medication. METHOD Four cross-sectional studies, three in South Africa and one in Brazil, had applied the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) as a classification instrument to participants living with HIV. Each group was at a different stage of the disease. Only two groups had had continuing access to antiretroviral therapy. The existence of these descriptive sets enabled comparison of the disability experienced by people living with HIV at different stages of the disease and with differing access to antiretroviral therapy. RESULTS Common problems experienced in all groups related to weight maintenance, with two-thirds of the sample reporting problems in this area. Mental functions presented the most problems in all groups, with sleep (50%, 92/185), energy and drive (45%, 83/185), and emotional functions (49%, 90/185) being the most affected. In those on long-term therapy, body image affected 93% (39/42) and was a major problem. The other groups reported pain as a problem, and those with limited access to treatment also reported mobility problems. Cardiopulmonary functions were affected in all groups. CONCLUSION Functional problems occurred in the areas of impairment and activity limitation in people at advanced stages of HIV, and more limitations occurred in the area of participation for those on antiretroviral treatment. The ICF provided a useful framework within which to describe the functioning of those with HIV and the impact of the environment. Given the wide spectrum of problems found, consideration could be given to a number of ICF core sets that are relevant to the different stages of HIV disease.
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Kim TY, Coenen A. Toward harmonising WHO International Classifications: a nursing perspective. Inform Health Soc Care 2011; 36:35-49. [DOI: 10.3109/17538157.2010.534213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Cerniauskaite M, Quintas R, Boldt C, Raggi A, Cieza A, Bickenbach JE, Leonardi M. Systematic literature review on ICF from 2001 to 2009: its use, implementation and operationalisation. Disabil Rehabil 2010; 33:281-309. [PMID: 21073361 DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2010.529235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present a systematic literature review on the state of the art of the utilisation of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) since its release in 2001. METHOD The search was conducted through EMBASE, MEDLINE and PsychInfo covering the period between 2001 and December 2009. Papers were included if ICF was mentioned in title or abstract. Papers focussing on the ICF-CY and clinical research on children and youth only were excluded. Papers were assigned to six different groups covering the wide scenario of ICF application. RESULTS A total of 672 papers, coming from 34 countries and 211 different journals, were included in the analysis. The majority of publications (30.8%) were conceptual papers or papers reporting clinical and rehabilitation studies (25.9%). One-third of the papers were published in 2008 and 2009. CONCLUSIONS The ICF contributed to the development of research on functioning and on disability in clinical, rehabilitation as well as in several other contexts, such as disability eligibility and employment. Diffusion of ICF research and use in a great variety of fields and scientific journals is a proof that a cultural change and a new conceptualisation of functioning and disability is happening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milda Cerniauskaite
- Neurology, Public Health and Disability Unit-Scientific Directorate, Neurological Institute C. Besta IRCCS Foundation, Milan, Italy
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Cieza A, Bostan C, Oberhauser C, Bickenbach JE. Explaining functioning outcomes across musculoskeletal conditions: a multilevel modelling approach. Disabil Rehabil 2010; 32 Suppl 1:S85-93. [DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2010.515702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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77
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Measurement: function and mobility (focussing on the ICF framework). Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2010; 24:605-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2010.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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78
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Leonardi M. Measuring health and disability: supporting policy development. The European MHADIE project. Disabil Rehabil 2010; 32 Suppl 1:S1-8. [DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2010.520806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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79
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[Introduction to the international classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF)]. Unfallchirurg 2010; 113:436-40. [PMID: 20505922 DOI: 10.1007/s00113-010-1742-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The WHO International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) allows a standardized description of functioning and disability based on individual and contextual factors. The ICF adopts a biopsychosocial model of disability and functioning and is complementary to the ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases). For its implementation in clinical practice ICF-based instruments, such as the ICF core sets were developed in a standardized scientific process. These consist of the ICF categories which are most relevant for patients with specific diseases or in specific health care situations. In trauma care the ICF and ICF core sets can be applied in defined health problems and treatment situations for documentation of functioning, structured planning and implementation of interventions as well as outcome assessment.
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80
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Long-term sick leavers with difficulty in resuming work: comparisons between psychiatric-somatic comorbidity and monodiagnosis. Int J Rehabil Res 2009; 32:20-35. [PMID: 19648800 DOI: 10.1097/mrr.0b013e328306351d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The number of patients with difficulty in resuming work after long-term sick leave has increased in several European countries including Sweden. The general aim of this study was a comprehensive description--based on multidisciplinary diagnostics and assessments--of patients with the common feature of marked difficulty in resuming working life after a long absence. A particular aim was to elucidate the possible effect of comorbidity on pain descriptors, disability, quality of life, assessed working ability and rehabilitation needs. Six hundred and thirty-five long-term sick leavers were referred from National Insurance Offices and consecutively accepted for investigation. Several self-report questionnaires were used. All patients were examined by three board-certified specialist physicians in psychiatry, orthopaedic surgery and rehabilitation medicine, respectively. Fifty-five percent of the patients had psychiatric-somatic comorbidity. The three most frequent combinations of diagnoses in the comorbidity group were fibromyalgia/myalgia and depressive episode, fibromyalgia/myalgia and recurrent depression, spinal pain and depressive episode, whereas the three most frequent in those with psychiatric diagnosis only were depressive episode, recurrent depression, phobias/anxiety. Differences in pain descriptors and in difficulties with activities were found among the three groups. All had lower health-related quality of life than references. Only one-sixth had no assessed working capacity and only 3% were assessed as able to resume work without rehabilitation; 80% were multidisciplinarily assessed as needing rehabilitation. Patients with psychiatric diagnoses, with or without concomitant somatic diagnoses, need medical rehabilitation or medical/vocational rehabilitation in combination to a greater extent than patients with somatic diagnoses only. This implies that medical rehabilitation programmes ought to adapt increasingly to the needs of patients with psychiatric-somatic comorbidity.
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81
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BOONEN ANNELIES, STUCKI GEROLD, MAKSYMOWYCH WALTER, RAT ANNECHRISTINE, ESCORPIZO RUBEN, BOERS MAARTEN. The OMERACT-ICF Reference Group: Integrating the ICF into the OMERACT Process: Opportunities and Challenges. J Rheumatol 2009; 36:2057-60. [DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.090357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
At OMERACT 8 in May 2006 in Malta, the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) was introduced as a universal model and a universal classification to describe human functioning. The potential usefulness of the ICF for the OMERACT process was highlighted and reported in a position paper following the OMERACT 8 meeting. Since then representatives of several OMERACT working groups with an interest in the ICF joined an OMERACT-ICF reference group. Most members had experience with the ICF and worked further to integrate the ICF into OMERACT. We describe the main roles of the ICF in the OMERACT process and the challenges when practice confronts theory.
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83
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Allet L, Bürge E, Monnin D. ICF: Clinical relevance for physiotherapy? A critical review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/14038190802315941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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84
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85
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Maini M, Nocentini U, Prevedini A, Giardini A, Muscolo E. An Italian experience in the ICF implementation in rehabilitation: Preliminary theoretical and practical considerations. Disabil Rehabil 2009; 30:1146-52. [DOI: 10.1080/09638280701478397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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86
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Measuring Participation as Defined by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health: An Evaluation of Existing Measures. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2009; 90:856-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2008.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2008] [Revised: 11/18/2008] [Accepted: 11/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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87
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To introduce the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) as conceptual model and classification and the ICF Core Sets as a way to specify functioning for a specific health condition such as Low Back Pain, and to illustrate the application of the ICF and ICF Core Sets in the context of clinical practice, the planning and reporting of studies and the comparison of health status measures. METHODS A decision-making and consensus process was performed to develop the ICF Core Sets for Low Back Pain, the linking procedure was applied as basis for the content comparison of health-status measures and the Rehab-Cycle was used to exemplify the application of the ICE and ICF Core Sets in clinical practice. RESULTS Two different ICF Core Sets, namely, a comprehensive and a brief, are presented, three different health-status measures were linked to the ICF and compared and a case example of a patient with Low back Pain was described based on the Rehab-Cycle. DISCUSSION The ICF is a promising new framework and classification to assess the impact of Low Back Pain. The ICF and practical tools, such as the ICF Core Sets for Low Back Pain, are useful for clinical practice, outcome and rehabilitation research, education, health statistics, and regulation.
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88
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Bernabeu M, Laxe S, Lopez R, Stucki G, Ward A, Barnes M, Kostanjsek N, Reed G, Tate R, Whyte J, Zasler N, Cieza A. Developing core sets for persons with traumatic brain injury based on the international classification of functioning, disability, and health. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2009; 23:464-7. [PMID: 19221004 DOI: 10.1177/1545968308328725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The authors outline the process for developing the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) Core Sets for traumatic brain injury (TBI). ICF Core Sets are selections of categories of the ICF that identify relevant categories of patients affected by specific diseases. Comprehensive and brief ICF Core Sets for TBI should become useful for clinical practice and for research. The final definition of the ICF Core Sets for TBI will be determined at an ICF Core Sets Consensus Conference, which will integrate evidence from preliminary studies. The development of ICF Core Sets is an inclusive and open process and rehabilitation professionals are invited to participate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Bernabeu
- Brain Injury Unit, Institut Guttmann, Neurorehabilitation Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
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89
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Schwarzkopf SR, Ewert T, Dreinhöfer KE, Cieza A, Stucki G. Towards an ICF Core Set for chronic musculoskeletal conditions: commonalities across ICF Core Sets for osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, low back pain and chronic widespread pain. Clin Rheumatol 2008; 27:1355-61. [PMID: 18521651 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-008-0916-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2007] [Revised: 04/18/2008] [Accepted: 04/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to identify commonalities among the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Sets of osteoarthritis (OA), osteoporosis (OP), low back pain (LBP), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and chronic widespread pain (CWP). The aim is to identify relevant categories for the development of a tentative ICF Core Set for musculoskeletal and pain conditions. The ICF categories common to the five musculoskeletal and pain conditions in the Brief and Comprehensive ICF Core Sets were identified in three steps. In a first step, the commonalities across the Brief and Comprehensive ICF Core Sets for these conditions were examined. In a second and third step, we analysed the increase in commonalities when iteratively excluding one or two of the five conditions. In the first step, 29 common categories out of the total number of 120 categories were identified across the Comprehensive ICF Core Sets of all musculoskeletal and pain conditions, primarily in the component activities and participation. In the second and third step, we found that the exclusion of CWP across the Comprehensive ICF Core Sets increased the commonalities of the remaining four musculoskeletal conditions in a maximum of ten additional categories. The Brief ICF Core Sets of all musculoskeletal and pain conditions contain four common categories out of a total number of 62 categories. The iterative exclusion of a singular condition did not significantly increase the commonalities in the remaining. Based on our analysis, it seems possible to develop a tentative Comprehensive ICF Core Set across a number of musculoskeletal conditions including LBP, OA, OP and RA. However, the profile of functioning in people with CWP differs considerably and should not be further considered for a common ICF Core Set.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Schwarzkopf
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
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91
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Intervention categories for physiotherapists treating patients with musculoskeletal conditions on the basis of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Int J Rehabil Res 2007; 30:273-80. [DOI: 10.1097/mrr.0b013e3282f14458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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92
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93
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Boonen A, Rasker JJ, Stucki G. The international classification for functioning, disability and health. Clin Rheumatol 2007; 26:1803-8. [PMID: 17558464 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-007-0623-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2007] [Accepted: 04/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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94
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Weigl M, Cieza A, Cantista P, Stucki G. Physical disability due to musculoskeletal conditions. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2007; 21:167-90. [PMID: 17350551 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2006.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal conditions (MSC) are common throughout the world and their impact on individuals is diverse and manifold. Knowledge of the determinants for disability and of strategies for prevention and rehabilitation management according to the scientific evidence is critical for reducing the burden of MSC. The first section of this chapter reviews the evidence for common determinants of functioning and disability in patients with MSC. We have focussed on environmental factors (EF) and personal factors (PF) and have structured them according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework. The second section discusses prevention strategies. Generally, prevention needs to address those EF and PF that were presented in the first section. The final section describes modern principles of rehabilitation and reviews the evidence for specific rehabilitation interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Weigl
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany, and Hospital Geral de Santo António, Porto, Portugal
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95
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Schult ML, Ekholm J. Agreement of a work-capacity assessment with the World Health Organisation International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health pain sets and back-to-work predictors. Int J Rehabil Res 2007; 29:183-93. [PMID: 16900038 DOI: 10.1097/01.mrr.0000210057.06989.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The degree of agreement between a clinical multi-professional work-capacity assessment and the Comprehensive World Health Organisation International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Sets for chronic pain and risk factors for no return to work was investigated. A review of data records and interviews with team members included measures of body function/structure, activities/participation and environmental factors. Predictors for return to work were reviewed. The team used eight different methods for data collection. Of the 29 categories concerning environmental factors, two were excluded; the methods used were more unstructured, e.g. interviews. The agreement with the 41 predictors of work resumption was high. The clinical work-capacity assessment agreed largely with the Comprehensive ICF Core Sets for the components body function, body structure, activities and participation. Nine categories out of 69 were not included. The clinical work-capacity assessment agreed largely with the Comprehensive ICF Core Sets for chronic pain conditions and with 40 predictors of work resumption. Clinically speaking, however, the current work-capacity assessment lacks on-the-job site evaluations and this most certainly affects reliability. The same is true for ICF, although the structure lacks proper coding for relevant factors found at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Louise Schult
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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96
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Dixon D, Pollard B, Johnston M. What does the chronic pain grade questionnaire measure? Pain 2007; 130:249-253. [PMID: 17257751 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2006.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2006] [Revised: 11/20/2006] [Accepted: 12/04/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the ability of the Chronic Pain Grade Questionnaire (CPG) to operationalise the WHO's model of health outcomes, namely the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Twelve expert judges used the method of discriminant content validation to allocate the seven items of the CPG to one or more ICF outcome, namely, impairment, activity limitations and participation restrictions. One-sample t-tests classified each item as measuring impairment, activity limitations or participation restrictions, or a combination thereof. The results indicated that the CPG contains items able to measure each of the three ICF outcomes. However, the pain grade classification system used in the CPG conflates the ICF outcomes. The implication of this conflation of outcome for the assessment of interventions is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Dixon
- Department of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, UK
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97
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Walker JG, Littlejohn GO. Measuring quality of life in rheumatic conditions. Clin Rheumatol 2006; 26:671-3. [PMID: 17124551 PMCID: PMC1847465 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-006-0450-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2006] [Accepted: 09/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders often have associated pain, functional impairment and work disability, and, not surprisingly, are the most common reasons for utilizing healthcare resources. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and fibromyalgia (FM) are causes of musculoskeletal pain and disability. Research indicates that there is a widespread impact of RA and FM on physical, psychological and social factors in affected individuals, and thus, outcome measures that encompass multiple aspects of quality of life are needed. Generic measures of quality of life identify associations between physical conditions and mental health and highlight the need to address psychological functioning to ultimately improve the individuals’ quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine G Walker
- Centre for Mental Health Research, Australian National University, Canberra 0200, Australia.
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98
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Grill E, Stucki G, Scheuringer M, Melvin J. Validation of International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) Core Sets for Early Postacute Rehabilitation Facilities. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2006; 85:640-9. [PMID: 16865018 DOI: 10.1097/01.phm.0000228537.17239.7f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Short lists of International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) categories, ICF Core Sets, have been developed as reference standards for clinical practice and research. The objective of this study was to validate the ICF Core Sets for early postacute rehabilitation facilities against the measures most commonly used in early postacute rehabilitation, the FIM instrument, the Functional Assessment Measure, and the Barthel index. DESIGN Linking study matching the concepts of three commonly used outcome measures to corresponding ICF categories. RESULTS Corresponding ICF categories could be found for all of the items of the FIM instrument + Functional Assessment Measure and Barthel index. The 40 items of these three measures were linked to 33 different ICF categories. Four items could be linked to ICF categories that were not part of any of the Postacute ICF Core Sets. CONCLUSIONS The Postacute ICF Core Sets cover the concepts of the most frequently used measures in early postacute rehabilitation. Yet, many aspects of human functioning are not measured by the FIM instrument + Functional Assessment Measure and the Barthel index. If this information is considered relevant, these items would have to be added by using supplementary measures. Our comparison demonstrates the benefit of using a common language when comparing items using different wordings and concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Grill
- ICF Research Branch, WHO FIC Collaborating Center (DIMDI), Institute for Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Munich, Germany
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99
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Ayuso-Mateos JL, Nieto-Moreno M, Sánchez-Moreno J, Vázquez-Barquero JL. Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento, la Discapacidad y la Salud (CIF): aplicabilidad y utilidad en la práctica clínica. Med Clin (Barc) 2006; 126:461-6. [PMID: 16620734 DOI: 10.1157/13086326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José L Ayuso-Mateos
- Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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100
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Mannerkorpi K, Svantesson U, Broberg C. Relationships Between Performance-Based Tests and Patients’ Ratings of Activity Limitations, Self-Efficacy, and Pain in Fibromyalgia. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2006; 87:259-64. [PMID: 16442982 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2005.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2005] [Revised: 09/26/2005] [Accepted: 10/11/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between performance-based tests, ratings of activity limitations, self-efficacy, and pain in fibromyalgia. DESIGN Descriptive. SETTING University hospital. PARTICIPANTS Sixty-nine women with fibromyalgia (mean age, 45+/-7.8y). INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The patients completed 4 performance-based tests focusing on muscle power function and 3 unloaded arm movements. The patients rated their activity limitations by means of the subscales of physical function (PF) and pain on the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), and the Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale (ASES). Spearman correlation coefficient (rho) and multivariate regression analysis were conducted. RESULTS The highest correlations were found between the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) (rho range, -.48 to .68) and the activity limitations and between hand grip strength (rho range, -.34 to .57) and the activity limitations. The regression analysis indicated that hand grip strength explained 25% of the variation in the SF-36 PF scale. The 6MWT plus endurance of the shoulder muscles explained 24% of the variation in the FIQ PF scale and the 6MWT plus active abduction of the shoulder explained 48% of the variation in the ASES function scale. Correlations between the performance-based tests and the activity limitations tended to be higher than those between performance and pain. CONCLUSIONS The majority of the performance-based tests and the patients' subjective ratings of activity limitations showed significant relationships. The 6MWT and hand grip strength, reflecting activity limitations in the SF-36, FIQ, and ASES, are recommended for use in clinical research and in the clinical examination when planning treatment for patients with fibromyalgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaisa Mannerkorpi
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Sweden.
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