51
|
Wang X, Sun D, Hu Y, Xu X, Jiang W, Shang H, Cui D. The roles of oxidative stress and Beclin-1 in the autophagosome clearance impairment triggered by cardiac arrest. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 136:87-95. [PMID: 30951836 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
During cardiac arrest and return of spontaneous circulation (CA-ROSC), autophagosome clearance in the cortex is progressively impaired, but the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in this process and the mechanism underlying the autophagy impairment remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the impacts of ROS on the autophagy-lysosome pathway after CA-ROSC in rats. Cortices from CA-ROSC rats revealed accumulation of LC3, p62 and ubiquitin, indicating impaired autophagic flux. Furthermore, impairment of autophagic flux was related to lysosomal lesion, as indicated by decreased cathepsin D and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2) levels after CA-ROSC. In vitro, the resulting ROS generation blocked autophagosome processing and caused accumulation of LC3-II, ubiquitin, and p62, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death; this outcome was alleviated by cyclosporine A (CsA) pretreatment. Interestingly, ischemia/reperfusion injury was connected with ROS-mediated Beclin-1 upregulation and a reduction in LAMP2, which is a pivotal protein in the autophagy-lysosome pathway. Recovery of the LAMP2 levels and partial Beclin-1 silencing restored the autophagic flux and reduced cell death after CA-ROSC. Taken together, our data indicate that CA-ROSC injury impairs autophagosome clearance partially through a ROS-induced decline in LAMP2 and increase in Beclin-1, leading to increased neuronal cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xintao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, China
| | - Dawei Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, China
| | - Xiaotao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, China
| | - Hanbing Shang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital Affiliated with Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, China.
| | - Derong Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, China.
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
The natural plant flavonoid apigenin is a strong antioxidant that effectively delays peripheral neurodegenerative processes. Anat Sci Int 2019; 94:285-294. [DOI: 10.1007/s12565-019-00486-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
53
|
Dhalla NS, Ganguly PK, Bhullar SK, Tappia PS. Role of catecholamines in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy 1. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 97:815-819. [PMID: 30913398 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although the sympathetic nervous system plays an important role in the regulation of cardiac function, the overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system under stressful conditions including diabetes has been shown to result in the excessive production of circulating catecholamines as well as an increase in the myocardial concentration of catecholamines. In this brief review, we provide some evidence to suggest that the oxidation products of catecholamines such as aminochrome and oxyradicals, lead to metabolic derangements, Ca2+-handling abnormalities, increase in the availability of intracellular free Ca2+, as well as activation of proteases and changes in myocardial gene expression. These alterations due to elevated levels of circulatory catecholamines are associated with oxidative stress, subcellular remodeling, and the development of cardiac dysfunction in chronic diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naranjan S Dhalla
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Pallab K Ganguly
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sukhwinder K Bhullar
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Paramjit S Tappia
- Asper Clinical Research Institute, St. Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Ugun-Klusek A, Theodosi TS, Fitzgerald JC, Burté F, Ufer C, Boocock DJ, Yu-Wai-Man P, Bedford L, Billett EE. Monoamine oxidase-A promotes protective autophagy in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells through Bcl-2 phosphorylation. Redox Biol 2019; 20:167-181. [PMID: 30336354 PMCID: PMC6197572 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) are located on the outer mitochondrial membrane and are drug targets for the treatment of neurological disorders. MAOs control the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain via oxidative deamination and contribute to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation through their catalytic by-product H2O2. Increased ROS levels may modulate mitochondrial function and mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in a vast array of disorders. However, the downstream effects of MAO-A mediated ROS production in a neuronal model has not been previously investigated. In this study, using MAO-A overexpressing neuroblastoma cells, we demonstrate that higher levels of MAO-A protein/activity results in increased basal ROS levels with associated increase in protein oxidation. Increased MAO-A levels result in increased Lysine-63 linked ubiquitination of mitochondrial proteins and promotes autophagy through Bcl-2 phosphorylation. Furthermore, ROS generated locally on the mitochondrial outer membrane by MAO-A promotes phosphorylation of dynamin-1-like protein, leading to mitochondrial fragmentation and clearance without complete loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Cellular ATP levels are maintained following MAO-A overexpression and complex IV activity/protein levels increased, revealing a close relationship between MAO-A levels and mitochondrial function. Finally, the downstream effects of increased MAO-A levels are dependent on the availability of amine substrates and in the presence of exogenous substrate, cell viability is dramatically reduced. This study shows for the first time that MAO-A generated ROS is involved in quality control signalling, and increase in MAO-A protein levels leads to a protective cellular response in order to mediate removal of damaged macromolecules/organelles, but substrate availability may ultimately determine cell fate. The latter is particularly important in conditions such as Parkinson's disease, where a dopamine precursor is used to treat disease symptoms and highlights that the fate of MAO-A containing dopaminergic neurons may depend on both MAO-A levels and catecholamine substrate availability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aslihan Ugun-Klusek
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK.
| | | | - Julia C Fitzgerald
- Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Florence Burté
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Christoph Ufer
- Institute of Biochemistry, University Medicine Berlin-Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - David J Boocock
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Patrick Yu-Wai-Man
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK; Cambridge Eye Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK; MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lynn Bedford
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - E Ellen Billett
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Manzella N, Santin Y, Maggiorani D, Martini H, Douin-Echinard V, Passos JF, Lezoualc'h F, Binda C, Parini A, Mialet-Perez J. Monoamine oxidase-A is a novel driver of stress-induced premature senescence through inhibition of parkin-mediated mitophagy. Aging Cell 2018; 17:e12811. [PMID: 30003648 PMCID: PMC6156293 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence, the irreversible cell cycle arrest observed in somatic cells, is an important driver of age‐associated diseases. Mitochondria have been implicated in the process of senescence, primarily because they are both sources and targets of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the heart, oxidative stress contributes to pathological cardiac ageing, but the mechanisms underlying ROS production are still not completely understood. The mitochondrial enzyme monoamine oxidase‐A (MAO‐A) is a relevant source of ROS in the heart through the formation of H2O2 derived from the degradation of its main substrates, norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin. However, the potential link between MAO‐A and senescence has not been previously investigated. Using cardiomyoblasts and primary cardiomyocytes, we demonstrate that chronic MAO‐A activation mediated by synthetic (tyramine) and physiological (NE) substrates induces ROS‐dependent DNA damage response, activation of cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitors p21cip, p16ink4a, and p15ink4b and typical features of senescence such as cell flattening and SA‐β‐gal activity. Moreover, we observe that ROS produced by MAO‐A lead to the accumulation of p53 in the cytosol where it inhibits parkin, an important regulator of mitophagy, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction. Additionally, we show that the mTOR kinase contributes to mitophagy dysfunction by enhancing p53 cytoplasmic accumulation. Importantly, restoration of mitophagy, either by overexpression of parkin or inhibition of mTOR, prevents mitochondrial dysfunction and induction of senescence. Altogether, our data demonstrate a novel link between MAO‐A and senescence in cardiomyocytes and provides mechanistic insights into the potential role of MAO‐dependent oxidative stress in age‐related pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Manzella
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse; Toulouse France
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology; University of Pavia; Pavia Italy
| | - Yohan Santin
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse; Toulouse France
| | - Damien Maggiorani
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse; Toulouse France
| | - Hélène Martini
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse; Toulouse France
| | - Victorine Douin-Echinard
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse; Toulouse France
| | - Joao F. Passos
- Ageing Research Laboratories; Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle University; Newcastle upon Tyne UK
| | - Frank Lezoualc'h
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse; Toulouse France
| | - Claudia Binda
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology; University of Pavia; Pavia Italy
| | - Angelo Parini
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse; Toulouse France
| | - Jeanne Mialet-Perez
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Toulouse; Toulouse France
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Mialet-Perez J, Santin Y, Parini A. Monoamine oxidase-A, serotonin and norepinephrine: synergistic players in cardiac physiology and pathology. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 125:1627-1634. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1908-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
57
|
Luna-Dulcey L, Tomasin R, Naves MA, da Silva JA, Cominetti MR. Autophagy-dependent apoptosis is triggered by a semi-synthetic [6]-gingerol analogue in triple negative breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:30787-30804. [PMID: 30112107 PMCID: PMC6089392 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is very aggressive and lacks specific therapeutic targets, having limited treatment options and poor prognosis. [6]-gingerol is the most abundant and studied compound in ginger, presenting diverse biological properties such as antitumor activity against several types of cancer, including breast cancer. In this study, we show that the semi-synthetic analogue SSi6, generated after chemical modification of the [6]-gingerol molecule, using acetone-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone (2,4-DNPH) reagent, enhanced selective cytotoxic effects on MDA-MB-231 cells. Remarkably, unlike the original [6]-gingerol molecule, SSi6 enabled autophagy followed by caspase-independent apoptosis in tumor cells. We found a time-dependent association between SSi6-induced oxidative stress, autophagy and apoptosis. Initial SSi6-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation (1h) led to autophagy activation (2-6h), which was followed by caspase-independent apoptosis (14h) in TNBC cells. Additionally, our data showed that SSi6 induction of ROS plays a key role in the promotion of autophagy and apoptosis. In order to investigate whether the observed cell death induction was dependent on preceding autophagy in MDA-MB-231 cells, we used siRNA to knock down LC3B prior to SSi6 treatment. Our data show that LC3B downregulation decreased the number of apoptotic cells after treatment with SSi6, indicating that autophagy is a key initial step on SSi6-induced caspase-independent apoptosis. Overall, the results of this study show that structural modifications of natural compounds can be an interesting strategy for developing antitumor drugs, with distinct mechanisms of actions, which could possibly be used against triple negative breast cancer cells that are resistant to canonical apoptosis-inducing drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liany Luna-Dulcey
- Laboratory of Biology of Aging, Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, CEP 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Rebeka Tomasin
- Laboratory of Biology of Aging, Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, CEP 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina A Naves
- Laboratory of Biology of Aging, Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, CEP 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - James A da Silva
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, CEP 49400-000, São José, Lagarto, SE, Brazil
| | - Marcia R Cominetti
- Laboratory of Biology of Aging, Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, CEP 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Oleuropein Aglycone Protects against MAO-A-Induced Autophagy Impairment and Cardiomyocyte Death through Activation of TFEB. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:8067592. [PMID: 29765503 PMCID: PMC5892212 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8067592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Age-associated diseases such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders are characterized by increased oxidative stress associated with autophagy dysfunction. Oleuropein aglycone (OA), the main polyphenol found in olive oil, was recently characterized as an autophagy inducer and a promising agent against neurodegeneration. It is presently unknown whether OA can have beneficial effects in a model of cardiac stress characterized by autophagy dysfunction. Here, we explored the effects of OA in cardiomyocytes with overexpression of monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A). This enzyme, by degrading catecholamine and serotonin, produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which causes oxidative stress, autophagic flux blockade, and cell necrosis. We observed that OA treatment counteracted the cytotoxic effects of MAO-A through autophagy activation, as displayed by the increase of autophagic vacuoles and autophagy-specific markers (Beclin1 and LC3-II). Moreover, the decrease in autophagosomes and the increase in autolysosomes, indicative of autophagosome-lysosome fusion, suggested a restoration of the defective autophagic flux. Most interestingly, we found that the ability of OA to confer cardioprotection through autophagy induction involved nuclear translocation and activation of the transcriptional factor EB (TFEB). Our data provide strong evidence of the beneficial effects of OA, suggesting its potential use as a nutraceutical agent against age-related pathologies involving autophagy dysfunction, including cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
|
59
|
Protection of Luteolin-7-O-glucoside against apoptosis induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation through the MAPK pathways in H9c2 cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:7156-7162. [PMID: 29568918 PMCID: PMC5928668 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial hypertrophy is often associated with myocardial infarction. Luteolin-7-O-glucoside (LUTG) has the prosperity of preventing cardiomyocyte injury. The current study aimed to explore the potential protective effect of LUTG and its relevant mechanisms in the heart. To establish the cardiac hypertrophy model in vitro, Angiotensin II (Ang II) was used to stimuli H9c2 cells in this study. The CCK-8 assay showed that LUTG pretreatment improved cell viability of cardiomyocytes co-treated with Ang II and ischemia/reperfusion. LUTG decreased the reactive oxygen species levels. Furthermore, it was demonstrated LUTG could reduce the release amount of lactate dehydrogenase and recover the catalase activity according to the flow cytometry analysis, and activity detection, respectively in Ang II-H/R-treated H9c2 cells. In addition, the flow cytometry analysis showed that the pretreatment of LUTG mitigated cell apoptosis induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation in the cardiac hypertrophy model. Meanwhile, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot assays showed that the apoptosis-related genes, including poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, Fas, Fasl and Caspase-3 were downregulated at the transcriptional and translational levels. Notably, the protien expression of phosphorylated (p)-extracellular signal-regulated kinas (ERK) 1/2, p-janus kinase and p-P38 were reduced, while the expression of p-ERK5 was elevated in the LUTG pretreatment groups compared with the hypoxia/reoxygenation treatment group. Based on these results, it was suggested that the anti-apoptosis effect of LUTG may be associated with regulating the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathways.
Collapse
|
60
|
Herraiz T, Flores A, Fernández L. Analysis of monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymatic activity by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection combined with an assay of oxidation with a peroxidase and its application to MAO inhibitors from foods and plants. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1073:136-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
61
|
Pehote G, Bodas M, Brucia K, Vij N. Cigarette Smoke Exposure Inhibits Bacterial Killing via TFEB-Mediated Autophagy Impairment and Resulting Phagocytosis Defect. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:3028082. [PMID: 29445254 PMCID: PMC5763241 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3028082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure is the leading risk factor for COPD-emphysema pathogenesis. A common characteristic of COPD is impaired phagocytosis that causes frequent exacerbations in patients leading to increased morbidity. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Hence, we investigated if CS exposure causes autophagy impairment as a mechanism for diminished bacterial clearance via phagocytosis by utilizing murine macrophages (RAW264.7 cells) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA01-GFP) as an experimental model. METHODS Briefly, RAW cells were treated with cigarette smoke extract (CSE), chloroquine (autophagy inhibitor), TFEB-shRNA, CFTR(inh)-172, and/or fisetin prior to bacterial infection for functional analysis. RESULTS Bacterial clearance of PA01-GFP was significantly impaired while its survival was promoted by CSE (p < 0.01), autophagy inhibition (p < 0.05; p < 0.01), TFEB knockdown (p < 0.01; p < 0.001), and inhibition of CFTR function (p < 0.001; p < 0.01) in comparison to the control group(s) that was significantly recovered by autophagy-inducing antioxidant drug, fisetin, treatment (p < 0.05; p < 0.01; and p < 0.001). Moreover, investigations into other pharmacological properties of fisetin show that it has significant mucolytic and bactericidal activities (p < 0.01; p < 0.001), which warrants further investigation. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggests that CS-mediated autophagy impairment as a critical mechanism involved in the resulting phagocytic defect, as well as the therapeutic potential of autophagy-inducing drugs in restoring is CS-impaired phagocytosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garrett Pehote
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Manish Bodas
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Kathryn Brucia
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Neeraj Vij
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Pulmonary Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Dietl A, Maack C. Targeting Mitochondrial Calcium Handling and Reactive Oxygen Species in Heart Failure. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2017; 14:338-349. [PMID: 28656516 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-017-0347-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In highly prevalent cardiac diseases, new therapeutic approaches are needed. Since the first description of oxidative stress in heart failure, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been considered as attractive drug targets. Though clinical trials evaluating antioxidant vitamins as ROS-scavenging agents yielded neutral results in patients at cardiovascular risk, the knowledge of ROS as pathophysiological factors has considerably advanced in the past few years and led to novel treatment approaches. Here, we review recent new insights and current strategies in targeting mitochondrial calcium handling and ROS in heart failure. RECENT FINDINGS Mitochondria are an important ROS source, and more recently, drug development focused on targeting mitochondria (e.g. by SS-31 or MitoQ). Important advancement has also been made to decipher how the matching of energy supply and demand through calcium (Ca2+) handling impacts on mitochondrial ROS production and elimination. This opens novel opportunities to ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction in heart failure by targeting cytosolic and mitochondrial ion transporters to improve this matching process. According to this approach, highly specific substances as the preclinical CGP-37157, as well as the clinically used ranolazine and empagliflozin, provide promising results on different levels of evidence. Furthermore, the understanding of redox signalling relays, resembled by catalyst-mediated protein oxidation, is about to change former paradigms of ROS signalling. Novel methods, as redox proteomics, allow to precisely analyse key regulatory thiol switches, which may induce adaptive or maladaptive signalling. Additionally, the generation of genetically encoded probes increased the spatial and temporal resolution of ROS imaging and opened a new methodological window to subtle, formerly obscured processes. These novel insights may broaden our understanding of why previous attempts to target oxidative stress have failed, and at the same time provide us with new targets for drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Dietl
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Maack
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, 66421, Homburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Autophagy in health and disease: focus on the cardiovascular system. Essays Biochem 2017; 61:721-732. [PMID: 29233881 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20170022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved mechanism of lysosome-mediated protein and organelle degradation that plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. In the last few years, specific functions for autophagy have been identified in many tissues and organs. In the cardiovascular system, autophagy appears to be essential to heart and vessel homeostasis and function; however defective or excessive autophagy activity seems to contribute to major cardiovascular disorders including heart failure (HF) or atherosclerosis. Here, we review the current knowledge on the role of cardiovascular autophagy in physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
Collapse
|
64
|
Chen X, Chen L, Jiang S, Huang S. Maduramicin induces apoptosis and necrosis, and blocks autophagic flux in myocardial H9c2 cells. J Appl Toxicol 2017; 38:366-375. [PMID: 29047155 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Maduramicin, a polyether ionophore antibiotic, is widely used as an anticoccidial agent in the poultry industry. It has been reported that maduramicin may cause heart and skeletal muscle cell damage, resulting in heart failure, skeletal muscle degeneration and even death in animals and humans, if improperly used. However, the molecular mechanism behind its capability to cause death of cardiac cells is not known. Here, we show that maduramicin induced apoptosis and necrosis in rat myocardial cells (H9c2). Maduramicin did not apparently upregulate the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins (e.g., BAD, BAK and BAX) or downregulate the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins (e.g. Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Mcl-1 and survivin). Interestingly, maduramicin increased the expression of DR4 and TRAIL, activating caspases 8/3 and triggering cleavage of poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP). In addition, maduramicin induced nuclear translocation of apoptosis inducing factor. Furthermore, maduramicin blocked autophagic flux, as evidenced by inducing accumulation of both LC3-II and p62/SQSTM1. Taken together, the above results suggest that maduramicin executes its toxicity in the myocardial cells at least by inducing caspase-dependent cell death through TRAIL/DR4-mediated extrinsic pathway and caspase-independent cell death by inducing apoptosis inducing factor nuclear translocation and blocking autophagic flux. Our findings provide a new insight into the molecular mechanism of maduramicin's toxicity in myocardial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, People's Republic of China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 71130-3932, USA
| | - Long Chen
- Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanxiang Jiang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 71130-3932, USA.,Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 71130-3932, USA
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Pan B, Zhang H, Cui T, Wang X. TFEB activation protects against cardiac proteotoxicity via increasing autophagic flux. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 113:51-62. [PMID: 28993153 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient lysosomal removal of autophagic cargoes in cardiomyocytes has been suggested as a main cause for the impairment of the autophagic-lysosomal pathway (ALP) in many forms of heart disease including cardiac proteinopathy and may play an important pathogenic role; however, the molecular basis and the correcting strategy for the cardiac ALP insufficiency require further investigation. The present study was sought to determine whether myocardial expression and activity of TFEB, the recently identified ALP master regulator, are impaired in a cardiac proteinopathy mouse model and to determine the effect of genetic manipulation of TFEB expression on autophagy and proteotoxicity in a cardiomyocyte model of proteinopathy. We found that increased myocardial TFEB mRNA levels and a TFEB protein isoform switch were associated with marked decreases in the mRNA levels of representative TFEB target genes and increased mTORC1 activation, in mice with cardiac transgenic expression of a missense (R120G) mutant αB-crystallin (CryABR120G), a well-established model of cardiac proteinopathy. Using neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocyte cultures, we demonstrated that downregulation of TFEB decreased autophagic flux in cardiomyocytes both at baseline and during CryABR120G overexpression and increased CryABR120G protein aggregates. Conversely, forced TFEB overexpression increased autophagic flux and remarkably attenuated the CryABR120G overexpression-induced accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, caspase 3 cleavage, LDH leakage, and decreases in cell viability. Moreover, these protective effects of TFEB were dramatically diminished by inhibiting autophagy. We conclude that myocardial TFEB signaling is impaired in cardiac proteinopathy and forced TFEB overexpression protects against proteotoxicity in cardiomyocytes through improving ALP activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Pan
- Division of Basic Biomedical sciences, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Hanming Zhang
- Division of Basic Biomedical sciences, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Taixing Cui
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Division of Basic Biomedical sciences, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Wang X, Cui T. Autophagy modulation: a potential therapeutic approach in cardiac hypertrophy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 313:H304-H319. [PMID: 28576834 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00145.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process used by the cell to degrade cytoplasmic contents for quality control, survival for temporal energy crisis, and catabolism and recycling. Rapidly increasing evidence has revealed an important pathogenic role of altered activity of the autophagosome-lysosome pathway (ALP) in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Although an early study suggested that cardiac autophagy is increased and that this increase is maladaptive to the heart subject to pressure overload, more recent reports have overwhelmingly supported that myocardial ALP insufficiency results from chronic pressure overload and contributes to maladaptive cardiac remodeling and heart failure. This review examines multiple lines of preclinical evidence derived from recent studies regarding the role of autophagic dysfunction in pressure-overloaded hearts, attempts to reconcile the discrepancies, and proposes that resuming or improving ALP flux through coordinated enhancement of both the formation and the removal of autophagosomes would benefit the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure resulting from chronic pressure overload.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Wang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, South Dakota; and
| | - Taixing Cui
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Emerging role of monoamine oxidase as a therapeutic target for cardiovascular disease. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2017; 33:64-69. [PMID: 28528298 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade, accumulating evidence highlighted the role of monoamine oxidases (MAOs) in cardiovascular disease (CVD). MAOs are flavoenzymes located in the outer mitochondrial membrane, responsible for the degradation of neurotransmitters and biogenic amines. During this process they generate hydrogen peroxide, aldehydes and ammonia, species that can target mitochondria and induce mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiomyocyte death. Indeed, MAO inhibition affords cardioprotection in several models of CVD, such as ischemia/reperfusion, heart failure and diabetes. Importantly, a few studies provided encouraging results suggesting that MAO inhibition might be beneficial also in patients with CVD. Thus, selective and reversible MAO inhibitors, currently used as therapy for depression and neurodegenerative disorders, might be considered as candidate drugs for the treatment of CVD.
Collapse
|
68
|
Monoamine Oxidases, Oxidative Stress, and Altered Mitochondrial Dynamics in Cardiac Ageing. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:3017947. [PMID: 28546851 PMCID: PMC5435992 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3017947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The advances in healthcare over the past several decades have resulted in populations now living longer. With this increase in longevity, a wider prevalence of cardiovascular diseases is more common and known to be a major factor in rising healthcare costs. A wealth of scientific evidence has implicated cell senescence as an important component in the etiology of these age-dependent pathologies. A number of studies indicate that an excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to trigger and accelerate the cardiac senescence processes, and a new role of monoamine oxidases, MAO-A and MAO-B, is emerging in this context. These mitochondrial enzymes regulate the level of catecholamines and serotonin by catalyzing their oxidative deamination in the heart. MAOs' expression substantially increases with ageing (6-fold MAO-A in the heart and 4-fold MAO-B in neuronal tissue), and their involvement in cardiac diseases is supposedly related to the formation of ROS, via the hydrogen peroxide produced during the substrate degradation. Here, we will review the most recent advances in this field and describe why MAOs could be effective targets in order to prevent age-associated cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
|
69
|
PM2.5 exposure-induced autophagy is mediated by lncRNA loc146880 which also promotes the migration and invasion of lung cancer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:112-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
70
|
Lu H, Fan Y, Qiao C, Liang W, Hu W, Zhu T, Zhang J, Chen YE. TFEB inhibits endothelial cell inflammation and reduces atherosclerosis. Sci Signal 2017; 10:10/464/eaah4214. [PMID: 28143903 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aah4214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is a master regulator of autophagy and lysosome biogenesis. We investigated the function of TFEB in vascular biology and pathophysiology and demonstrated that TFEB in endothelial cells inhibited inflammation and reduced atherosclerosis development. Laminar shear stress, which protects against atherosclerosis, increased TFEB abundance in cultured primary human endothelial cells. Furthermore, TFEB overexpression in these cells was anti-inflammatory, whereas TFEB knockdown aggravated inflammation. The anti-inflammatory effect of TFEB was, at least, partially due to reduced oxidative stress because TFEB overexpression in endothelial cells decreased the concentrations of reactive oxygen species and increased the expression of the antioxidant genes HO1 (which encodes heme oxygenase 1) and SOD2 (which encodes superoxide dismutase 2). In addition, transgenic mice with endothelial cell-specific expression of TFEB exhibited reduced leukocyte recruitment to endothelial cells and decreased atherosclerosis development. Our study suggests that TFEB is a protective transcription factor against endothelial cell inflammation and a potential target for treating atherosclerosis and associated cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haocheng Lu
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yanbo Fan
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Congzhen Qiao
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Wenying Liang
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Wenting Hu
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Tianqing Zhu
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Y Eugene Chen
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Reactive oxygen species in organ-specific autoimmunity. AUTOIMMUNITY HIGHLIGHTS 2016; 7:11. [PMID: 27491295 PMCID: PMC4974204 DOI: 10.1007/s13317-016-0083-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been extensively studied in the induction of inflammation and tissue damage, especially as it relates to aging. In more recent years, ROS have been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Here, ROS accumulation leads to apoptosis and autoantigen structural changes that result in novel specificities. ROS have been implicated not only in the initiation of the autoimmune response but also in its amplification and spreading to novel epitopes, through the unmasking of cryptic determinants. This review will examine the contribution of ROS to the pathogenesis of four organ specific autoimmune diseases (Hashimoto thyroiditis, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, and vitiligo), and compare it to that of a better characterized systemic autoimmune disease (rheumatoid arthritis). It will also discuss tobacco smoking as an environmental factor endowed with both pro-oxidant and anti-oxidant properties, thus capable of differentially modulating the autoimmune response.
Collapse
|