51
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Lana D, Iovino L, Nosi D, Wenk GL, Giovannini MG. The neuron-astrocyte-microglia triad involvement in neuroinflammaging mechanisms in the CA3 hippocampus of memory-impaired aged rats. Exp Gerontol 2016; 83:71-88. [PMID: 27466072 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We examined the effects of inflammaging on memory encoding, and qualitative and quantitative modifications on proinflammatory proteins, apoptosis, neurodegeneration and morphological changes of neuron-astrocyte-microglia triads in CA3 Stratum Pyramidale (SP), Stratum Lucidum (SL) and Stratum Radiatum (SR) of young (3months) and aged rats (20months). Aged rats showed short-term memory impairments in the inhibitory avoidance task, increased expression of iNOS and activation of p38MAPK in SP, increase of apoptotic neurons in SP and of ectopic neurons in SL, and decrease of CA3 pyramidal neurons. The number of astrocytes and their branches length decreased in the three CA3 subregions of aged rats, with morphological signs of clasmatodendrosis. Total and activated microglia increased in the three CA3 subregions of aged rats. In aged rats CA3, astrocytes surrounded ectopic degenerating neurons forming "micro scars" around them. Astrocyte branches infiltrated the neuronal cell body, and, together with activated microglia formed "triads". In the triads, significantly more numerous in CA3 SL and SR of aged rats, astrocytes and microglia cooperated in fragmentation and phagocytosis of ectopic neurons. Inflammaging-induced modifications of astrocytes and microglia in CA3 of aged rats may help clearing neuronal debris derived from low-grade inflammation and apoptosis. These events might be common mechanisms underlying many neurodegenerative processes. The frequency to which they appear might depend upon, or might be the cause of, the burden and severity of neurodegeneration. Targeting the triads may represent a therapeutic strategy which may control inflammatory processes and spread of further cellular damage to neighboring cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Lana
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and Clinical Oncology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Ludovica Iovino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Physiological Sciences, Viale Morgagni 63 and Section of Anatomy and Histology, Largo Brambilla 3, University of Florence, 50134 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Daniele Nosi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Physiological Sciences, Viale Morgagni 63 and Section of Anatomy and Histology, Largo Brambilla 3, University of Florence, 50134 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Gary L Wenk
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, OH, USA..
| | - Maria Grazia Giovannini
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and Clinical Oncology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Firenze, Italy.
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52
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Glushkova OV, Khrenov MO, Vinogradova EV, Lunin SM, Fesenko EE, Novoselova EG. The role of p38 protein kinase in mouse responses to low-intensity electromagnetic radiation of the centimeter range. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350916040114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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53
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Deryabin PI, Borodkina AV, Nikolsky NN, Burova EB. The relationship between p53/p21/Rb and MAPK signaling pathways in human endometrium-derived stem cells under oxidative stress. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990519x16030056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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54
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Zheng X, Li Y, zhao R, Yan F, Ma Y, Zhao L, Qiao H. xCT deficiency induces autophagy via endoplasmic reticulum stress activated p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase and mTOR in sut melanocytes. Eur J Cell Biol 2016; 95:175-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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55
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Ariza J, González-Reyes JA, Jódar L, Díaz-Ruiz A, de Cabo R, Villalba JM. Mitochondrial permeabilization without caspase activation mediates the increase of basal apoptosis in cells lacking Nrf2. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 95:82-95. [PMID: 27016073 PMCID: PMC4906443 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) is a cap'n'collar/basic leucine zipper (b-ZIP) transcription factor which acts as sensor of oxidative and electrophilic stress. Low levels of Nrf2 predispose cells to chemical carcinogenesis but a dark side of Nrf2 function also exists because its unrestrained activation may allow the survival of potentially dangerous damaged cells. Since Nrf2 inhibition may be of therapeutic interest in cancer, and a decrease of Nrf2 activity may be related with degenerative changes associated with aging, it is important to investigate how the lack of Nrf2 function activates molecular mechanisms mediating cell death. Murine Embryonic Fibroblasts (MEFs) bearing a Nrf2 deletion (Nrf2KO) displayed diminished cellular growth rate and shortened lifespan compared with wild-type MEFs. Basal rates of DNA fragmentation and histone H2A.X phosphorylation were higher in Nrf2KO MEFs, although steady-state levels of reactive oxygen species were not significantly increased. Enhanced rates of apoptotic DNA fragmentation were confirmed in liver and lung tissues from Nrf2KO mice. Apoptosis in Nrf2KO MEFs was associated with a decrease of Bcl-2 but not Bax levels, and with the release of the mitochondrial pro-apoptotic factors cytochrome c and AIF. Procaspase-9 and Apaf-1 were also increased in Nrf2KO MEFs but caspase-3 was not activated. Inhibition of XIAP increased death in Nrf2KO but not in wild-type MEFs. Mitochondrial ultrastructure was also altered in Nrf2KO MEFs. Our results support that Nrf2 deletion produces mitochondrial dysfunction associated with mitochondrial permeabilization, increasing basal apoptosis through a caspase-independent and AIF-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ariza
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Spain
| | - José A González-Reyes
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Spain
| | - Laura Jódar
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Spain
| | - Alberto Díaz-Ruiz
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - José Manuel Villalba
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Spain
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56
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Johnson MD, Reeder JE, O'Connell M. p38MAPK activation and DUSP10 expression in meningiomas. J Clin Neurosci 2016; 30:110-114. [PMID: 27050915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2015.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38MAPK has been implicated in regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis. However, expression, activation and regulation has not been studied in meningiomas, to our knowledge. p38MAPK is regulated, in part, by dual specificity phosphatases (DUSP) that inactivate signaling by dephosphorylation. DUSP10 is also a likely participant in regulating meningioma proliferation. Five fetal and an adult human leptomeninges and 37 meningioma cultures (MC) were evaluated for DUSP10 as well as phosphorylation of its substrates p38MAPK and p44/42MAPK by western blot and DUSP10 expression by polymerase chain reaction. Platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), transforming growth factor B1 (TGFB1) and cerebrospinal fluid effects on DUSP10 and signaling were also studied in vitro. DUSP10 and phospho-p38MAPK and phospho-p44/42MAPK were detected in all six leptomeninges. DUSP10 was detected in 13 of 17 World Health Organization grade I, 11 of 14 grade II and four of six grade III meningiomas. Phospho-p38MAPK was detected in nine of 17 grade I, two of six grade II, and four of six grade III meningiomas. In the majority of meningiomas DUSP10 expression correlated inversely with phosphorylation of p38MAPK. PDGF-BB increased DUSP10 in MC2 and MC4 and weakly in MC3. TGFB1 increased phosphorylation of p38MAPK and caspase 3 activation. Thus p38MAPK and DUSP10 likely participate in the pathogenesis of meningiomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahlon D Johnson
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 626, Rochester, NY 14623, USA.
| | - Jay E Reeder
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Mary O'Connell
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 626, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
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57
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Zinc Chelation Mediates the Lysosomal Disruption without Intracellular ROS Generation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:6724585. [PMID: 27123155 PMCID: PMC4829717 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6724585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We report the molecular mechanism for zinc depletion caused by TPEN (N,N,N′,N′-Tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine) in neuroblastoma cells. The activation of p38 MAP kinase and subsequently caspase 3 is not due to or followed by redox imbalance or ROS generation, though these are commonly observed in literature. We found that TPEN is not responsible for ROS generation and the mechanism involves essentially lysosomal disruption caused by intracellular zinc depletion. We also observed a modest activation of Bax and no changes in the Bcl-2 proteins. As a result, we suggest that TPEN causes intracellular zinc depletion which can influence the breakdown of lysosomes and cell death without ROS generation.
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58
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AMPK maintains energy homeostasis and survival in cancer cells via regulating p38/PGC-1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis. Cell Death Discov 2015; 1:15063. [PMID: 27551487 PMCID: PMC4979508 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2015.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells exhibit unique metabolic response and adaptation to the fluctuating microenvironment, yet molecular and biochemical events imprinting this phenomenon are unclear. Here, we show that metabolic homeostasis and adaptation to metabolic stress in cancer cells are primarily achieved by an integrated response exerted by the activation of AMPK. We provide evidence that AMPK-p38-PGC-1α axis, by regulating energy homeostasis, maintains survival in cancer cells under glucose-limiting conditions. Functioning as a molecular switch, AMPK promotes glycolysis by activating PFK2, and facilitates mitochondrial metabolism of non-glucose carbon sources thereby maintaining cellular ATP level. Interestingly, we noted that AMPK can promote oxidative metabolism via increasing mitochondrial biogenesis and OXPHOS capacity via regulating expression of PGC-1α through p38MAPK activation. Taken together, our study signifies the fundamental role of AMPK in controlling cellular bioenergetics and mitochondrial biogenesis in cancer cells.
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59
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Pan BS, Wang YK, Lai MS, Mu YF, Huang BM. Cordycepin induced MA-10 mouse Leydig tumor cell apoptosis by regulating p38 MAPKs and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13372. [PMID: 26303320 PMCID: PMC4548195 DOI: 10.1038/srep13372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The p38 MAPKs play important roles in the regulation of balance between cell survival and cell death on the development of various cancers. However, the roles of p38 MAPKs regulating apoptotic effects on Leydig tumor cells remain unclear. In the present study, we showed that cordycepin (3′-deoxyadenosine) selectively induced apoptosis in MA-10 mouse Leydig tumor cells through regulating the p38 MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Cordycepin reduced viability in MA-10, TM4, and NT2/D1 cells, but not cause cell death of primary mouse Leydig cells on moderate concentration. Cordycepin increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, which is associated with the induction of apoptosis as characterized by positive Annexin V binding, activation of caspase-3, and cleavage of PARP. Inhibition of p38 MAPKs activity by SB203580 significantly prevented cordycepin-induced apoptosis in MA-10 cells. Co-treatment with wortmannin or the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) elevated levels of apoptosis in cordycepin-treated MA-10 cells. Moreover, cordycepin activated p53, p21 and TGFß; and downregulated CDK2. The antitumour activity of cordycepin-treated MA-10 cells was significantly distinct in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice in vivo. These results suggested that cordycein is a highly selective treatment to induce MA-10 cells apoptosis via p38 MAPKs signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Syong Pan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Chen Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Chen Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yang-Kao Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Chen Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Chen Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Meng-Shao Lai
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Chen Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Chen Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Fen Mu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Chen Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Bu-Miin Huang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Chen Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Chen Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China
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60
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Curcumol Inhibits Growth and Induces Apoptosis of Colorectal Cancer LoVo Cell Line via IGF-1R and p38 MAPK Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:19851-67. [PMID: 26307972 PMCID: PMC4581329 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160819851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumol, isolated from the traditional medical plant Rhizoma Curcumae, is the bioactive component of Zedoary oil, whose potential anti-tumor effect has attracted considerable attention in recent years. Though many researchers have reported curcumol and its bioactivity, the potential molecular mechanism for its anti-cancer effect in colorectal cancer LoVo cells still remains unclear. In the present study, we found that curcumol showed growth inhibition and induced apoptosis of LoVo cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The occurrence of its proliferation inhibition and apoptosis came with suppression of IGF-1R expression, and then increased the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), which might result in a cascade response by inhibiting the CREB survival pathway and finally triggered Bax/Bcl-2 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) apoptosis signals. Moreover, curcumol inhibited colorectal cancer in xenograft models of nude mice. Immunohistochemical and Western blot analysis revealed that curcumol could decrease the expression of ki-67, Bcl-2 as well as CREB1, and increase the expression of Bax and the phosphorylation of p38, which were consistent with our in vitro study. Overall, our in vitro and in vivo data confirmed the anti-cancer activity of curcumol, which was related to a significant inhibition of IGF-1R and activation of p38 MAPKs, indicating that curcumol may be a potential anti-tumor agent for colorectal carcinoma therapy.
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61
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Haines E, Schlienger S, Claing A. The small GTPase ADP-Ribosylation Factor 1 mediates the sensitivity of triple negative breast cancer cells to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Cancer Biol Ther 2015; 16:1535-47. [PMID: 26176330 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2015.1071737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical use of EGFR-targeted therapy, in triple negative breast cancer patients, has been limited by the development of resistance to these drugs. Although activated signaling molecules contribute to this process, the molecular mechanisms remain relatively unknown. We have previously reported that the small GTPase ADP-Ribosylation Factor 1 (ARF1) is highly expressed in invasive breast cancer cells and acts as a molecular switch to activate EGF-mediated responses. In this study, we aimed at defining whether the high expression of ARF1 limits sensitivity of these tumor cells to EGFR inhibitors, such as gefitinib. Here, we show that the knock down of ARF1 expression or activity decreased the dose and latency time required by tyrosine kinase inhibitors to induce cell death. This may be explained by the observation that the depletion of ARF1 suppressed gefitinib-mediated activation of key mediators of survival such as ERK1/2, AKT and Src, while enhancing cascades leading to apoptosis such as the p38MAPK and JNK pathways, modifying the Bax/Bcl2 ratio and cytochrome c release. In addition, inhibiting ARF1 expression and activation also results in an increase in gefitinib-mediated EGFR internalization and degradation further limiting the ability of this receptor to promote its effects. Interestingly, we observed that gefitinib treatment resulted in the enhanced activation of ARF1 by promoting its recruitment to the receptor AXL, an important mediator of EGFR inhibition suggesting that ARF1 may promote its pro-survival effects by coupling to alternative mitogenic receptors in conditions where the EGFR is inhibited. Together our results uncover a new role for ARF1 in mediating the sensitivity to EGFR inhibition and thus suggest that limiting the activation of this GTPase could improve the therapeutic efficacy of EGFR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Haines
- a Department of Pharmacology ; Faculty of Medicine ; Université de Montréal ; Montreal , QC , Canada
| | - Sabrina Schlienger
- a Department of Pharmacology ; Faculty of Medicine ; Université de Montréal ; Montreal , QC , Canada
| | - Audrey Claing
- a Department of Pharmacology ; Faculty of Medicine ; Université de Montréal ; Montreal , QC , Canada
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62
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Palmitate promotes autophagy and apoptosis through ROS-dependent JNK and p38 MAPK. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 463:262-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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63
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Tung YC, Tsai ML, Kuo FL, Lai CS, Badmaev V, Ho CT, Pan MH. Se-Methyl-L-selenocysteine Induces Apoptosis via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and the Death Receptor Pathway in Human Colon Adenocarcinoma COLO 205 Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:5008-16. [PMID: 25943382 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Selenomethionine (SeMet) and Se-methyl-L-selenocysteine (MSeC) are natural organoselenium compounds found in garlic, onion, and broccoli. In addition, these compounds have lower toxicity and better anticancer activities than inorganic Se. This study investigated the effects of MSeC treatment on the growth of COLO 205 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells and evaluated the mechanisms related to the MSeC-induced effects. When COLO 205 cells were treated with 200 μM MSeC for 24 h, MSeC caused 80% apoptosis in cells. MSeC increased the expression of Fas and FasL, followed by the cleavage of caspase-3, caspase-8, DNA fragmentation factor (DFF45), and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). MSeC also increased the levels of Bax protein and decreased the levels of Bid and Bcl-2 proteins. However, MSeC did not cause apoptosis through reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress but instead through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The cleavage of caspase-12 and caspase-9 was shown to increase the growth arrest and protein levels of DNA-damage inducible genes (GADD) 153 and 45. MSeC also downregulated the ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT protein levels and upregulated the p38 and JNK protein levels in COLO 205 cells. These results showed that the mechanism by which MSeC induced apoptosis in COLO 205 cells involved caspase activation, the extrinsic apoptotic pathway, and the regulation of ER-stress-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chen Tung
- †Department of Food Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Mei-Ling Tsai
- ‡Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Ling Kuo
- ‡Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Shu Lai
- §Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Vladimir Badmaev
- ∥American Medical Holdings Incorporated, 1440 Forest Hill Road, New York, New York 10314, United States
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- †Department of Food Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Min-Hsiung Pan
- §Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- ⊥Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- #Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
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64
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Schreck I, Grico N, Hansjosten I, Marquardt C, Bormann S, Seidel A, Kvietkova DL, Pieniazek D, Segerbäck D, Diabaté S, van der Horst GTJ, Oesch-Bartlomowicz B, Oesch F, Weiss C. The nucleotide excision repair protein XPC is essential for bulky DNA adducts to promote interleukin-6 expression via the activation of p38-SAPK. Oncogene 2015; 35:908-18. [PMID: 25982271 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental pollutants, and many are potent carcinogens. Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), one of the best-studied PAHs, is metabolized ultimately to the genotoxin anti-B[a]P-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE). BPDE triggers stress responses linked to gene expression, cell death and survival. So far, the underlying mechanisms that initiate these signal transduction cascades are unknown. Here we show that BPDE-induced DNA damage is recognized by DNA damage sensor proteins to induce activation of the stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) p38. Surprisingly, the classical DNA damage response, which involves the kinases ATM and ATR, is not involved in p38-SAPK activation by BPDE. Moreover, the induction of p38-SAPK phosphorylation also occurs in the absence of DNA strand breaks. Instead, increased phosphorylation of p38-SAPK requires the nucleotide excision repair (NER) and DNA damage sensor proteins XPC and mHR23B. Interestingly, other genotoxins such as cisplatin (CDDP), hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet radiation also enhance XPC-dependent p38-SAPK phosphorylation. In contrast, anti-benzo[c]phenanthrene-3,4-dihydrodiol-1,2-epoxide, the DNA adducts of which are not properly recognized by NER, does not trigger p38-SAPK activation. As a downstream consequence, expression and secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 is induced by BPDE and CDDP in vitro and by CDDP in the murine lung, and depends on XPC. In conclusion, we describe a novel pathway in which DNA damage recognition by NER proteins specifically leads to activation of p38-SAPK to promote inflammatory gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Schreck
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, KIT Campus North, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - N Grico
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, KIT Campus North, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Institute of Toxicology, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - I Hansjosten
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, KIT Campus North, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - C Marquardt
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, KIT Campus North, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - S Bormann
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, KIT Campus North, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - A Seidel
- Biochemical Institute for Environmental Carcinogens, Lurup 4, Grosshansdorf, Germany
| | - D L Kvietkova
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Novum, S-14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - D Pieniazek
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Novum, S-14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - D Segerbäck
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Novum, S-14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - S Diabaté
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, KIT Campus North, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - G T J van der Horst
- MGC, Department of Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - F Oesch
- Institute of Toxicology, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - C Weiss
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, KIT Campus North, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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65
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Tang Y, Jacobi A, Vater C, Zou L, Zou X, Stiehler M. Icariin promotes angiogenic differentiation and prevents oxidative stress-induced autophagy in endothelial progenitor cells. Stem Cells 2015; 33:1863-77. [PMID: 25787271 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Reduced tissue levels of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and functional impairment of endothelium are frequently observed in patients with diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The vascular endothelium is specifically sensitive to oxidative stress, and this is one of the mechanisms that causes widespread endothelial dysfunction in most cardiovascular diseases and disorders. Hence attention has increasingly been paid to enhance mobilization and differentiation of EPCs for therapeutic purposes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Icariin, a natural bioactive component known from traditional Chinese Medicine, can induce angiogenic differentiation and inhibit oxidative stress-induced cell dysfunction in bone marrow-derived EPCs (BM-EPCs), and, if so, through what mechanisms. We observed that treatment of BM-EPCs with Icariin significantly promoted cell migration and capillary tube formation, substantially abrogated hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 )-induced apoptotic and autophagic programmed cell death that was linked to the reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and restored mitochondrial membrane potential. Icariin downregulated endothelial nitric oxide synthase 3, as well as nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase expression upon H2 O2 induction. These antiapoptotic and antiautophagic effects of Icariin are possibly mediated by restoring the loss of mammalian target of rapamycin /p70S6K/4EBP1 phosphorylation as well as attenuation of ATF2 and ERK1/2 protein levels after H2 O2 treatment. In summary, favorable modulation of the angiogenesis and redox states in BM-EPCs make Icariin a promising proangiogenic agent both enhancing vasculogenesis and protecting against endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Medical Faculty and University Centre for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Angela Jacobi
- Department of Orthopaedics and Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Medical Faculty and University Centre for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Corina Vater
- Department of Orthopaedics and Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Medical Faculty and University Centre for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lijin Zou
- Department of Burn surgery and Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xuenong Zou
- Department of Spinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Maik Stiehler
- Department of Orthopaedics and Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Medical Faculty and University Centre for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Dinh CT, Goncalves S, Bas E, Van De Water TR, Zine A. Molecular regulation of auditory hair cell death and approaches to protect sensory receptor cells and/or stimulate repair following acoustic trauma. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:96. [PMID: 25873860 PMCID: PMC4379916 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of auditory sensory hair cells (HCs) is the most common cause of hearing loss. This review addresses the signaling pathways that are involved in the programmed and necrotic cell death of auditory HCs that occur in response to ototoxic and traumatic stressor events. The roles of inflammatory processes, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, cell death receptors, members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal pathway and pro- and anti-cell death members of the Bcl-2 family are explored. The molecular interaction of these signal pathways that initiates the loss of auditory HCs following acoustic trauma is covered and possible therapeutic interventions that may protect these sensory HCs from loss via apoptotic or non-apoptotic cell death are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine T Dinh
- University of Miami Ear Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami, FL, USA
| | - Stefania Goncalves
- University of Miami Ear Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami, FL, USA
| | - Esperanza Bas
- University of Miami Ear Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami, FL, USA
| | - Thomas R Van De Water
- University of Miami Ear Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami, FL, USA
| | - Azel Zine
- Integrative and Adaptive Neurosciences, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR 7260 Marseille, France ; Faculty of Pharmacy, Biophysics Department, University of Montpellier Montpellier, France
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Theivanthiran B, Kathania M, Zeng M, Anguiano E, Basrur V, Vandergriff T, Pascual V, Wei WZ, Massoumi R, Venuprasad K. The E3 ubiquitin ligase Itch inhibits p38α signaling and skin inflammation through the ubiquitylation of Tab1. Sci Signal 2015; 8:ra22. [PMID: 25714464 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2005903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Deficiency in the E3 ubiquitin ligase Itch causes a skin-scratching phenotype in mice. We found that there was increased phosphorylation and activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase p38α in spontaneous and experimentally induced skin lesions of Itch-deficient (Itch-/-) mice. Itch bound directly to the TGF-β-activated kinase 1-binding protein 1 (Tab1) through a conserved PPXY motif and inhibited the activation of p38α. Knockdown of Tab1 by short hairpin RNA attenuated the prolonged p38α phosphorylation exhibited by Itch-/- cells. Similarly, reconstitution of Itch-/- cells with wild-type Itch, but not the ligase-deficient Itch-C830A mutant, inhibited the phosphorylation and activation of p38α. Compared to the skin of wild-type mice, the skin of Itch-/- mice contained increased amounts of the mRNAs of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, IL-11, and IL-19. Inhibition of p38 or blocking the interaction between p38α and Tab1 with a cell-permeable peptide substantially attenuated skin inflammation in Itch-/- mice. These findings provide insight into how Itch-mediated regulatory mechanisms prevent chronic skin inflammation, which could be exploited therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahesh Kathania
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75204, USA
| | - Minghui Zeng
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75204, USA
| | - Esperanza Anguiano
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75204, USA
| | - Venkatesha Basrur
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Travis Vandergriff
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Virginia Pascual
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75204, USA
| | - Wei-Zen Wei
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Ramin Massoumi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381 Lund, Sweden
| | - K Venuprasad
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75204, USA.
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Tsukamoto S, Shimada K, Honoki K, Kido A, Akahane M, Tanaka Y, Konishi N. Ubiquilin 2 enhances osteosarcoma progression through resistance to hypoxic stress. Oncol Rep 2015; 33:1799-806. [PMID: 25672654 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquilin 2 (UBQLN2), a member of the ubiquitin-like protein family (ubiquilins), maintains protein homeostasis. Although UBQLN2 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, it is also associated with malignant tumors. Therefore, we examined whether UBQLN2 plays a role in human osteosarcoma. The human osteosarcoma cell line MG63 was transfected with UBQLN2 siRNA and cultured under hypoxic conditions. The rat osteosarcoma cell line COS1NR was inoculated into Fischer 344 rats, followed by injection of UBQLN2 siRNA with atelocollagen. An immunohistochemical analysis of UBQLN2 was performed using 34 cases of human high-grade osteosarcomas, and metastasis-free survival was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Silencing of UBQLN2 by siRNA transfection under hypoxia led to activation of JNK and p38, resulting in induction of apoptosis in the osteosarcoma cell line MG63. Injection of UBQLN2 siRNA suppressed tumor growth in the rat osteosarcoma model, followed by apoptosis induction. The immunohistochemical examination revealed that high UBQLN2 expression was significantly associated with the unfavorable metastasis-free survival of osteosarcoma patients. UBQLN2 plays an important role in resistance to hypoxic stress and enhances tumor progression in osteosarcoma. UBQLN2 may be a new molecular target for chemotherapeutics and a useful clinicopathological marker in human osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Tsukamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Keiji Shimada
- Department of Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Akira Kido
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Manabu Akahane
- Department of Public Health, Health Management and Policy, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Tanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Noboru Konishi
- Department of Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
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69
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Mechanical stress promotes cisplatin-induced hepatocellular carcinoma cell death. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:430569. [PMID: 25685789 PMCID: PMC4317602 DOI: 10.1155/2015/430569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CisPt) is a commonly used platinum-based chemotherapeutic agent. Its efficacy is limited due to drug resistance and multiple side effects, thereby warranting a new approach to improving the pharmacological effect of CisPt. A newly developed mathematical hypothesis suggested that mechanical loading, when coupled with a chemotherapeutic drug such as CisPt and immune cells, would boost tumor cell death. The current study investigated the aforementioned mathematical hypothesis by exposing human hepatocellular liver carcinoma (HepG2) cells to CisPt, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and mechanical stress individually and in combination. HepG2 cells were also treated with a mixture of CisPt and carnosine with and without mechanical stress to examine one possible mechanism employed by mechanical stress to enhance CisPt effects. Carnosine is a dipeptide that reportedly sequesters platinum-based drugs away from their pharmacological target-site. Mechanical stress was achieved using an orbital shaker that produced 300 rpm with a horizontal circular motion. Our results demonstrated that mechanical stress promoted CisPt-induced death of HepG2 cells (~35% more cell death). Moreover, results showed that CisPt-induced death was compromised when CisPt was left to mix with carnosine 24 hours preceding treatment. Mechanical stress, however, ameliorated cell death (20% more cell death).
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70
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MAP Kinase Cascades in Antigen Receptor Signaling and Physiology. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2015; 393:211-231. [PMID: 26275875 DOI: 10.1007/82_2015_481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) play roles in a cell type and context-dependent manner to convert extracellular stimuli to a variety of cellular responses, thereby directing cells to proliferation, differentiation, survival, apoptosis, and migration. Studies of genetically engineered mice or chemical inhibitors specific to each MAPK signaling pathway revealed that MAPKs have various, but non-redundant physiologically important roles among different families. MAPK cascades are obviously integrated in the B cell receptor signaling pathways as critical components to drive B cell-mediated immunity.
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71
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Arechederra M, Priego N, Vázquez-Carballo A, Sequera C, Gutiérrez-Uzquiza Á, Cerezo-Guisado MI, Ortiz-Rivero S, Roncero C, Cuenda A, Guerrero C, Porras A. p38 MAPK down-regulates fibulin 3 expression through methylation of gene regulatory sequences: role in migration and invasion. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:4383-97. [PMID: 25548290 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.582239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
p38 MAPKs regulate migration and invasion. However, the mechanisms involved are only partially known. We had previously identified fibulin 3, which plays a role in migration, invasion, and tumorigenesis, as a gene regulated by p38α. We have characterized in detail how p38 MAPK regulates fibulin 3 expression and its role. We describe here for the first time that p38α, p38γ, and p38δ down-regulate fibulin 3 expression. p38α has a stronger effect, and it does so through hypermethylation of CpG sites in the regulatory sequences of the gene. This would be mediated by the DNA methylase, DNMT3A, which is down-regulated in cells lacking p38α, but once re-introduced represses Fibulin 3 expression. p38α through HuR stabilizes dnmt3a mRNA leading to an increase in DNMT3A protein levels. Moreover, by knocking-down fibulin 3, we have found that Fibulin 3 inhibits migration and invasion in MEFs by mechanisms involving p38α/β inhibition. Hence, p38α pro-migratory/invasive effect might be, at least in part, mediated by fibulin 3 down-regulation in MEFs. In contrast, in HCT116 cells, Fibulin 3 promotes migration and invasion through a mechanism dependent on p38α and/or p38β activation. Furthermore, Fibulin 3 promotes in vitro and in vivo tumor growth of HCT116 cells through a mechanism dependent on p38α, which surprisingly acts as a potent inducer of tumor growth. At the same time, p38α limits fibulin 3 expression, which might represent a negative feed-back loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Arechederra
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Neibla Priego
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Vázquez-Carballo
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Celia Sequera
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Gutiérrez-Uzquiza
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Isabel Cerezo-Guisado
- Departamento de Inmunología y Oncología, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-CSIC, Campus de Canto Blanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Ortiz-Rivero
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, IBMCC, Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Cesáreo Roncero
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Cuenda
- Departamento de Inmunología y Oncología, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-CSIC, Campus de Canto Blanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Guerrero
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, IBMCC, Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Almudena Porras
- From the Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain,
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Kim ES, Moon A. Ursolic acid inhibits the invasive phenotype of SNU-484 human gastric cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2014; 9:897-902. [PMID: 25621065 PMCID: PMC4301486 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a major cause of cancer-related mortality in patients with gastric cancer. Ursolic acid, a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound derived from medicinal herbs, has been demonstrated to exert anticancer effects in various cancer cell systems. However, to the best of our knowledge, the inhibitory effect of ursolic acid on the invasive phenotype of gastric cancer cells has yet to be reported. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of ursolic acid on the invasiveness of SNU-484 human gastric cancer cells. Ursolic acid efficiently induced apoptosis, possibly via the downregulation of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), the upregulation of Bcl-2-associated X protein and the proteolytic activation of caspase-3. Furthermore, the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase was increased by the administration of ursolic acid. In addition, ursolic acid significantly suppressed the invasive phenotype of the SNU-484 cells and significantly decreased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, indicating that MMP-2 may be responsible for the anti-invasive activity of ursolic acid. Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrate that ursolic acid induces apoptosis and inhibits the invasive phenotype of gastric cancer cells; therefore, ursolic acid may have a potential application as a chemopreventive agent to prevent the metastasis of gastric cancer or to alleviate the process of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Sook Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 132-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Aree Moon
- College of Pharmacy, Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 132-714, Republic of Korea
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Mombach JCM, Bugs CA, Chaouiya C. Modelling the onset of senescence at the G1/S cell cycle checkpoint. BMC Genomics 2014; 15 Suppl 7:S7. [PMID: 25573782 PMCID: PMC4243082 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-s7-s7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA damage (single or double-strand breaks) triggers adapted cellular responses. These responses are elicited through signalling pathways, which activate cell cycle checkpoints and basically lead to three cellular fates: cycle arrest promoting DNA repair, senescence (permanent arrest) or cell death. Cellular senescence is known for having a tumour-suppressive function and its regulation arouses a growing scientific interest. Here, we advance a qualitative model covering DNA damage response pathways, focusing on G1/S checkpoint enforcement, supposedly more sensitive to arrest than G2/M checkpoint. RESULTS We define a discrete, logical model encompassing ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) and ATR (ATM and Rad3-related) pathways activation upon DNA damage, as well as G1/S checkpoint main components. It also includes the stress responsive protein p38MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase 14) known to be involved in the regulation of senescence. The model has four outcomes that convey alternative cell fates: proliferation, (transient) cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and senescence. Different levels of DNA damage are considered, defined by distinct combinations of single and double-strand breaks. Each leads to a single stable state denoting the cell fate adopted upon this specific damage. A range of model perturbations corresponding to gene loss-of-function or gain-of-function is compared to experimental mutations. CONCLUSIONS As a step towards an integrative model of DNA-damage response pathways to better cover the onset of senescence, our model focuses on G1/S checkpoint enforcement. This model qualitatively agrees with most experimental observations, including experiments involving mutations. Furthermore, it provides some predictions.
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74
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Grossi V, Peserico A, Tezil T, Simone C. p38α MAPK pathway: A key factor in colorectal cancer therapy and chemoresistance. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:9744-9758. [PMID: 25110412 PMCID: PMC4123363 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i29.9744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most common malignancies in the world. Although surgical resection combined with adjuvant therapy is effective at the early stages of the disease, resistance to conventional therapies is frequently observed in advanced stages, where treatments become ineffective. Resistance to cisplatin, irinotecan and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy has been shown to involve mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and recent studies identified p38α MAPK as a mediator of resistance to various agents in CRC patients. Studies published in the last decade showed a dual role for the p38α pathway in mammals. Its role as a negative regulator of proliferation has been reported in both normal (including cardiomyocytes, hepatocytes, fibroblasts, hematopoietic and lung cells) and cancer cells (colon, prostate, breast, lung tumor cells). This function is mediated by the negative regulation of cell cycle progression and the transduction of some apoptotic stimuli. However, despite its anti-proliferative and tumor suppressor activity in some tissues, the p38α pathway may also acquire an oncogenic role involving cancer related-processes such as cell metabolism, invasion, inflammation and angiogenesis. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about the predominant role of the p38α MAPK pathway in CRC development and chemoresistance. In our view, this might help establish the therapeutic potential of the targeted manipulation of this pathway in clinical settings.
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75
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Henning RJ, Sanberg P, Jimenez E. Human cord blood stem cell paracrine factors activate the survival protein kinase Akt and inhibit death protein kinases JNK and p38 in injured cardiomyocytes. Cytotherapy 2014; 16:1158-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.01.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Zikaki K, Aggeli IK, Gaitanaki C, Beis I. Curcumin induces the apoptotic intrinsic pathway via upregulation of reactive oxygen species and JNKs in H9c2 cardiac myoblasts. Apoptosis 2014; 19:958-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-014-0979-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Balan M, Pal S. A novel CXCR3-B chemokine receptor-induced growth-inhibitory signal in cancer cells is mediated through the regulation of Bach-1 protein and Nrf2 protein nuclear translocation. J Biol Chem 2013; 289:3126-37. [PMID: 24366869 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.508044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines and their receptors play diverse roles in regulating cancer growth and progression. The receptor CXCR3 can have two splice variants with opposite functions. CXCR3-A promotes cell growth, whereas CXCR3-B mediates growth-inhibitory signals. However, the negative signals through CXCR3-B in cancer cells are not well characterized. In this study, we found that CXCR3-B-mediated signaling in MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cells induced apoptotic cell death. Signals through CXCR3-B decreased the levels of the antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL and increased the expression of apoptotic cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Along with up-regulation in apoptosis, CXCR3-B signals were associated with a decrease in cellular autophagy with reduced levels of the autophagic markers Beclin-1 and LC3B. Notably, CXCR3-B down-regulated the expression of the cytoprotective and antiapoptotic molecule heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) at the transcriptional level. There was an increased nuclear localization of Bach-1 and nuclear export of Nrf2, which are important negative and positive transcription factors, respectively, for HO-1 expression. We also observed that CXCR3-B promoted the activation of p38 MAPK and the inhibition of ERK-1/2. CXCR3-B could not induce cancer cell apoptosis at the optimal level when we either inhibited p38 activity or knocked down Bach-1. Further, CXCR3-B-induced apoptosis was down-regulated when we overexpressed HO-1. Together, our data suggest that CXCR3-B mediates a growth-inhibitory signal in breast cancer cells through the modulations of nuclear translocation of Bach-1 and Nrf2 and down-regulation of HO-1. We suggest that the induction of CXCR3-B-mediated signaling can serve as a novel therapeutic approach where the goal is to promote tumor cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugabaskar Balan
- From the Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 and
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β-Arrestin prevents cell apoptosis through pro-apoptotic ERK1/2 and p38 MAPKs and anti-apoptotic Akt pathways. Apoptosis 2013; 17:1019-26. [PMID: 22699970 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-012-0741-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies have shown that β-arrestin 2 plays an anti-apoptotic effect. However, the mechanisms by which β-arrestin contribute to anti-apoptotic role remain unclear. In this study, we show that a deficiency of either β-arrestin 1 or β-arrestin 2 significantly increases serum deprivation (SD)-induced percentage of apoptotic cells. β-arrestin 2 deficient-induced apoptosis was inhibited by transfection with β-arrestin 2 full-length plasmid, revealing that SD-induced apoptosis is dependent on β-arrestin 2. Furthermore, in the absence of either β-arrestin 1 or β-arrestin 2 significantly enhances SD-induced the level of pro-apoptotic proteins, including cleaved caspase-3, extracellular-signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and p38, members of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). In addition, a deficiency of either β-arrestin 1 or β-arrestin 2 inhibits phosphorylation of Akt. The SD-induced changes in cleaved caspase-3, ERK1/2 and p38 MAPKs, Akt, and apoptotic cell numbers could be blocked by double knockout of β-arrestin 1/2. Our study thus demonstrates that β-arrestin inhibits cell apoptosis through pro-apoptotic ERK1/2 and p38 MAPKs and anti-apoptotic Akt signaling pathways.
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Dziegielewska B, Brautigan DL, Larner JM, Dziegielewski J. T-type Ca2+ channel inhibition induces p53-dependent cell growth arrest and apoptosis through activation of p38-MAPK in colon cancer cells. Mol Cancer Res 2013; 12:348-58. [PMID: 24362252 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-13-0485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Epithelial tumor cells express T-type Ca(2+) channels, which are thought to promote cell proliferation. This study investigated the cellular response to T-type Ca(2+) channel inhibition either by small-molecule antagonists or by RNAi-mediated knockdown. Selective T-type Ca(2+) channel antagonists caused growth inhibition and apoptosis more effectively in HCT116 cells expressing wild-type p53 (p53wt), than in HCT116 mutant p53(-/-) cells. These antagonists increased p53-dependent gene expression and increased genomic occupancy of p53 at specific target sequences. The knockdown of a single T-type Ca(2+) channel subunit (CACNA1G) reduced cell growth and induced caspase-3/7 activation in HCT116 p53wt cells as compared with HCT116 mutant p53(-/-) cells. Moreover, CaCo2 cells that do not express functional p53 were made more sensitive to CACNA1G knockdown when p53wt was stably expressed. Upon T-type Ca(2+) channel inhibition, p38-MAPK promoted phosphorylation at Ser392 of p53wt. Cells treated with the inhibitor SB203580 or specific RNAi targeting p38-MAPKα/β (MAPK14/MAPK11) showed resistance to T-type Ca(2+) channel inhibition. Finally, the decreased sensitivity to channel inhibition was associated with decreased accumulation of p53 and decreased expression of p53 target genes, p21Cip1 (CDKN1A) and BCL2-binding component 3 (BBC3/PUMA). IMPLICATIONS A novel pathway involving p53 and p38-MAPK is revealed and provides a rationale for antitumor therapies that target T-type Ca(2+) channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Dziegielewska
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, P.O. Box 800383, Charlottesville, VA 22908.
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Aggeli IK, Zacharias T, Papapavlou G, Gaitanaki C, Beis I. Calcium paradox induces apoptosis in the isolated perfused Rana ridibunda heart: involvement of p38-MAPK and calpain. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2013; 91:1095-106. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2013-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
“Calcium paradox” as a term describes the deleterious effects conferred to a heart perfused with a calcium-free solution followed by repletion, including loss of mechanical activity and sarcomere disruption. Given that the signaling mechanisms triggered by calcium paradox remain elusive, in the present study, we tried to investigate them in the isolated perfused heart from Rana ridibunda. Calcium paradox was found to markedly activate members of the MAPKs (p43-ERK, JNKs, p38-MAPK). In addition to lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release in the perfusate (indicative of necrosis), we also confirmed the occurrence of apoptosis by using the TUNEL assay and identifying poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) fragmentation and upregulated Bax expression. Furthermore, using MDL28170 (a selective calpain inhibitor), a role for this protease was revealed. In addition, various divalent cations were shown to exert a protective effect against the calcium paradox. Interestingly, SB203580, a p38-MAPK inhibitor, alleviated calcium-paradox-conferred apoptosis. This result indicates that p38-MAPK plays a pro-apoptotic role, contributing to the resulting myocardial dysfunction and cell death. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the calcium paradox has been shown to induce apoptosis in amphibians, with p38-MAPK and calpain playing significant roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna-Katerina Aggeli
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, School of Biology, University of Athens, University campus, Athens, 157 84, Greece
| | - Triantafyllos Zacharias
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, School of Biology, University of Athens, University campus, Athens, 157 84, Greece
| | - Georgia Papapavlou
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, School of Biology, University of Athens, University campus, Athens, 157 84, Greece
| | - Catherine Gaitanaki
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, School of Biology, University of Athens, University campus, Athens, 157 84, Greece
| | - Isidoros Beis
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, School of Biology, University of Athens, University campus, Athens, 157 84, Greece
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81
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Abdelfadil E, Cheng YH, Bau DT, Ting WJ, Chen LM, Hsu HH, Lin YM, Chen RJ, Tsai FJ, Tsai CH, Huang CY. Thymoquinone induces apoptosis in oral cancer cells through p38β inhibition. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2013; 41:683-96. [PMID: 23711149 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x1350047x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer is a common malignancy associated with high morbidity and mortality. While p38 MAPK is reported to be involved in different cellular activities such as proliferation and differentiation, reports rarely define the roles of the individual members of the p38 MAPK family in cancer. We used two unique cell lines developed by our lab representing chemically induced oral cancer cells (T28) and non-tumor cells (N28) obtained from tissues surrounding the induced cancer as a model to screen out whether p38 MAPK is involved in the malignant transformation processes. The results suggest an association between p38β not p38α and oral cancer development. Additionally, the anti-cancer activity of thymoquinone (TQ) was screened out and we found evidences suggesting that the anti-tumor activity of TQ may be attributed to the downregulation of p38β MAPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab Abdelfadil
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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82
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Contribution of S6K1/MAPK signaling pathways in the response to oxidative stress: activation of RSK and MSK by hydrogen peroxide. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75523. [PMID: 24058693 PMCID: PMC3776792 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells respond to different kind of stress through the coordinated activation of signaling pathways such as MAPK or p53. To find which molecular mechanisms are involved, we need to understand their cell adaptation. The ribosomal protein, S6 kinase 1 (S6K1), is a common downstream target of signaling by hormonal or nutritional stress. Here, we investigated the initial contribution of S6K1/MAPK signaling pathways in the cell response to oxidative stress produced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). To analyze S6K1 activation, we used the commercial anti-phospho-Thr389-S6K1 antibody most frequently mentioned in the bibliography. We found that this antibody detected an 80-90 kDa protein that was rapidly phosphorylated in response to H2O2 in several human cells. Unexpectedly, this phosphorylation was insensitive to both mTOR and PI3K inhibitors, and knock-down experiments showed that this protein was not S6K1. RSK and MSK proteins were candidate targets of this phosphorylation. We demonstrated that H2O2 stimulated phosphorylation of RSK and MSK kinases at residues that are homologous to Thr389 in S6K1. This phosphorylation required the activity of either p38 or ERK MAP kinases. Kinase assays showed activation of RSK and MSK by H2O2. Experiments with mouse embryonic fibroblasts from p38 animals’ knockout confirmed these observations. Altogether, these findings show that the S6K1 signaling pathway is not activated under these conditions, clarify previous observations probably misinterpreted by non-specific detection of proteins RSK and MSK by the anti-phospho-Thr389-S6K1 antibody, and demonstrate the specific activation of MAPK signaling pathways through ERK/p38/RSK/MSK by H2O2.
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83
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Wang FW, Wang Z, Zhang YM, Du ZX, Zhang XL, Liu Q, Guo YJ, Li XG, Hao AJ. Protective effect of melatonin on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells against hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in vitro. J Cell Biochem 2013; 114:2346-55. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Wu Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders; Shandong University School of Medicine; No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road; 250012; Jinan; PR China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders; Shandong University School of Medicine; No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road; 250012; Jinan; PR China
| | - Yan-Min Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders; Shandong University School of Medicine; No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road; 250012; Jinan; PR China
| | - Zhao-Xia Du
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders; Shandong University School of Medicine; No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road; 250012; Jinan; PR China
| | - Xiao-Li Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders; Shandong University School of Medicine; No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road; 250012; Jinan; PR China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders; Shandong University School of Medicine; No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road; 250012; Jinan; PR China
| | - Yu-Ji Guo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders; Shandong University School of Medicine; No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road; 250012; Jinan; PR China
| | - Xin-Gang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute; Shandong University; No. 107 Wenhua Xi Road; 250012; Jinan; PR China
| | - Ai-Jun Hao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders; Shandong University School of Medicine; No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road; 250012; Jinan; PR China
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84
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Du J, Wang XF, Zhou QM, Zhang TL, Lu YY, Zhang H, Su SB. Evodiamine induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis in MDA‑MB-231 human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Oncol Rep 2013; 30:685-94. [PMID: 23708383 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women. Owing to high efficiency and low toxic effects, further exploration of natural compounds from Chinese herbal medicine may be an efficient approach for breast cancer drug discovery. In this study, we investigated the effects of evodiamine on the growth and metastasis of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, evodiamine inhibited cell migration and invasion abilities through downregulation of MMP-9, urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and uPAR expression. Evodiamine-induced G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis were associated with a decrease in Bcl-2, cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) expression and an increase in Bax and p27Kip1 expression. Moreover, evodiamine regulated p-ERK and p-p38 MAPK expression. Evodiamine-induced apoptosis was enhanced by its combination with the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor PD98059 or the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) inhibitor SB203580. Evodiamine-inhibited metastasis was partly blocked by combination with PD98059 or SB203580. In vivo, the administration of evodiamine (10 mg/kg) significantly reduced tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis. These results demonstrate that evodiamine possesses antitumor activities via inhibition of cell migration and invasion, arrest of the cell cycle and induction of cell apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Du
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, PR China
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85
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Kuok QY, Yeh CY, Su BC, Hsu PL, Ni H, Liu MY, Mo FE. The triterpenoids of Ganoderma tsugae
prevent stress-induced myocardial injury in mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 57:1892-6. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Yu Kuok
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yu Yeh
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan Taiwan
| | - Bor-Chyuan Su
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences; College of Medicine; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Hsu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences; College of Medicine; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan Taiwan
| | - Hao Ni
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yie Liu
- Environmental and Occupational Health; College of Medicine; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan Taiwan
| | - Fan-E Mo
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences; College of Medicine; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan Taiwan
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86
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Kochetkova EY, Bykova TV, Zubova SG, Pospelova TV. Involvement of MAP-kinase cascades in regulation of sodium-butyrate-induced premature senescence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990519x13020065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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87
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Bhowmick R, Girotti AW. Cytoprotective signaling associated with nitric oxide upregulation in tumor cells subjected to photodynamic therapy-like oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 57:39-48. [PMID: 23261943 PMCID: PMC3594367 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Revised: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) employs photoexcitation of a sensitizer to generate tumor-eradicating reactive oxygen species. We recently showed that irradiating breast cancer COH-BR1 cells after treating with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA, a pro-sensitizer) resulted in rapid upregulation of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS). Apoptotic cell killing was strongly enhanced by an iNOS inhibitor (1400W), iNOS knockdown (kd), or a NO scavenger, suggesting that NO was acting cytoprotectively. Stress signaling associated with these effects was examined in this study. ALA/light-stressed COH-BR1 cells, and also breast adenocarcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells, mounted an iNOS/NO-dependent resistance to apoptosis that proved to be cGMP-independent. Immunocytochemistry and subcellular Western analysis of photostressed COH-BR1 cells revealed a cytosol-to-nucleus translocation of NF-κB which was negated by the NF-κB activation inhibitor Bay11. Bay11 also enhanced apoptosis and prevented iNOS induction, consistent with NF-κB involvement in the latter. JNK and p38 MAP kinase inhibitors suppressed apoptosis, implicating these kinases in death signaling. Post-irradiation extent and duration of JNK and p38 phosphorylation were dramatically elevated by 1400 W or iNOS-kd, suggesting that these activations were suppressed by NO. Regarding pro-survival stress signaling, rapid activation of Akt was unaffected by 1400 W, but prevented by Wortmannin, which also enhanced apoptosis. Thus, a link between upstream Akt activation and iNOS induction was apparent. Furthermore, p53 protein expression under photostress was elevated by iNOS-kd, whereas robust Survivin induction was abolished, consistent with p53 and Survivin being negatively and positively regulated by NO, respectively. Collectively, these findings enhance our understanding of cytoprotective signaling associated with photostress-induced NO and suggest iNOS inhibitor-based approaches for improving PDT efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Bhowmick
- To whom correspondence may be addressed: Reshma Bhowmick, Ph.D. Department of Biochemistry Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee, WI, 53226 Tel: 414-955-8445
| | - Albert W. Girotti
- To whom correspondence may be addressed: Albert W. Girotti, Ph.D. Department of Biochemistry Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee, WI, 53226 Tel: 414-955-8432
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88
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Jin J, Jin X, Qian C, Ruan Y, Jiang H. Signaling network of OSW‑1‑induced apoptosis and necroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2013; 7:1646-50. [PMID: 23503804 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The compound 3β, 16β, 17α‑trihydroxycholest‑5‑en‑22‑one 16‑O‑(2‑O‑4‑methoxybenzoyl‑β‑D‑xylopyranosyl)‑ (1→3)‑(2‑O‑acetyl‑α‑L‑arabinopyranoside (OSW‑1) is a member of the cholestane saponin family that was created in the bulbs of Ornithogalum saudersiae. OSW‑1 has previously been shown as cytotoxic against numerous types of malignant cells, however, its antitumoral mechanisms remain unclear. The present study aimed to examine the potential changes in the gene expression of a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line (Hep3B) incubated with OSW‑1 in vitro. The results showed that OSW‑1 inhibited tumors through invasiveness, angiogenesis, cell polarity and cell adhesion (as shown by Roche NimbleGen gene expression analysis), in addition to inducing apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway. This affected the expression of a number of core genes in a number of signaling pathways, including WNT, MAPK, VEGF and P53. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to report that OSW‑1, as a molecular compound, induces necroptotic death in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichun Jin
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133000, PR China
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89
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Nishiki Y, Adewola A, Hatanaka M, Templin AT, Maier B, Mirmira RG. Translational control of inducible nitric oxide synthase by p38 MAPK in islet β-cells. Mol Endocrinol 2013; 27:336-49. [PMID: 23250488 PMCID: PMC3683810 DOI: 10.1210/me.2012-1230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The MAPKs are transducers of extracellular signals such as proinflammatory cytokines. In islet β-cells, cytokines acutely activate expression of the Nos2 gene encoding inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which ultimately impairs insulin release. Because iNOS production can also be regulated posttranscriptionally, we asked whether MAPKs participate in posttranscriptional regulatory events in β-cells and primary islets in response to cytokine signaling. We show that cytokines acutely reduce cellular oxygen consumption rate and impair aconitase activity. Inhibition of iNOS with l-NMMA or inhibition of Nos2 mRNA translation with GC7 [an inhibitor of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) activity] reversed these defects, as did inhibition of p38 MAPK by PD169316. Although inhibition of p38 had no effect on the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κB or the abundance of Nos2 transcripts during the immediate period after cytokine exposure, its inhibition or knockdown resulted in significant reduction in iNOS protein, a finding suggestive of a permissive role for p38 in Nos2 translation. Polyribosomal profiling experiments using INS-1 β-cells revealed that Nos2 mRNA remained associated with polyribosomes in the setting of p38 inhibition, in a manner similar to that seen with blockade of translational elongation by cycloheximide. Consistent with a role in translational elongation, p38 activity is required in part for the activation of the translational factor eIF5A by promoting its hypusination. Our results suggest a novel signaling pathway in β-cells in which p38 MAPK promotes translation elongation of Nos2 mRNA via regulation of eIF5A hypusination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurika Nishiki
- Department of Pediatrics and the Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
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90
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Maia V, Ortiz-Rivero S, Sanz M, Gutierrez-Berzal J, Alvarez-Fernández I, Gutierrez-Herrero S, de Pereda JM, Porras A, Guerrero C. C3G forms complexes with Bcr-Abl and p38α MAPK at the focal adhesions in chronic myeloid leukemia cells: implication in the regulation of leukemic cell adhesion. Cell Commun Signal 2013; 11:9. [PMID: 23343344 PMCID: PMC3629710 DOI: 10.1186/1478-811x-11-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies by our group and others have shown that C3G interacts with Bcr-Abl through its SH3-b domain. Results In this work we show that C3G and Bcr-Abl form complexes with the focal adhesion (FA) proteins CrkL, p130Cas, Cbl and Abi1 through SH3/SH3-b interactions. The association between C3G and Bcr-Abl decreased upon Abi1 or p130Cas knock-down in K562 cells, which suggests that Abi1 and p130Cas are essential partners in this interaction. On the other hand, C3G, Abi1 or Cbl knock-down impaired adhesion to fibronectin, while p130Cas silencing enhanced it. C3G, Cbl and p130Cas-SH3-b domains interact directly with common proteins involved in the regulation of cell adhesion and migration. Immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence studies revealed that C3G form complexes with the FA proteins paxillin and FAK and their phosphorylated forms. Additionally, C3G, Abi1, Cbl and p130Cas regulate the expression and phosphorylation of paxillin and FAK. p38α MAPK also participates in the regulation of adhesion in chronic myeloid leukemia cells. It interacts with C3G, CrkL, FAK and paxillin and regulates the expression of paxillin, CrkL and α5 integrin, as well as paxillin phosphorylation. Moreover, double knock-down of C3G/p38α decreased adhesion to fibronectin, similarly to the single silencing of one of these genes, either C3G or p38α. These suggest that C3G and p38α MAPK are acting through a common pathway to regulate cell adhesion in K562 cells, as previously described for the regulation of apoptosis. Conclusions Our results indicate that C3G-p38αMAPK pathway regulates K562 cell adhesion through the interaction with FA proteins and Bcr-Abl, modulating the formation of different protein complexes at FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Maia
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, IBMCC, CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
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91
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Hsu PL, Su BC, Kuok QY, Mo FE. Extracellular matrix protein CCN1 regulates cardiomyocyte apoptosis in mice with stress-induced cardiac injury. Cardiovasc Res 2013; 98:64-72. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvt001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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92
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Wu HL, Zhang ZY, Duan ZT, Yuan FC, Gao X, Wang JS, Huang WB. Mosapride protects against clopidogrel-induced gastric mucosal epithelium cell damage via the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2012; 20:3632-3637. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v20.i36.3632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate whether mosapride has a protective effect against clopidogrel-induced gastric mucosal epithelium cells (GES-1) damage and to explore the underlying mechanisms.
METHODS: GES-1 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into control group, clopidogrel group (treated with clopidogrel at a concentration of IC50, 0.36 mmol/L) and clopidogrel plus mosapride groups (treated with clopidogrel and 0.4, 0.5, or 0.6 µmol/L of mosapride). MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to detect the proliferation and apoptosis of cells of each group. The expression of phosphorylated P38 (p-P38), occludin and ZO-1 proteins in GES-1 cells was detected by Western blot.
RESULTS: Compared to the control group, p-P38 expression was significantly up-regulated in the clopidogrel group (P < 0.05). The expression of p-P38 in the clopidogrel plus mosapride groups was significantly lower than that in the clopidogrel group (all P < 0.05). With the decrease in p-P38 expression, the expression of occludin and ZO-1 were gradually increased.
CONCLUSION: Mosapride exerts a protective effect against clopidogrel-induced GES-1 cell damage probably by inhibiting p38/MAPK phosphorylation and up-regulating the expression of tight junction proteins occludin and ZO-1.
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93
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Kanaji N, Nelson A, Wang X, Sato T, Nakanishi M, Gunji Y, Basma H, Michalski J, Farid M, Rennard SI, Liu X. Differential roles of JNK, ERK1/2, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases on endothelial cell tissue repair functions in response to tumor necrosis factor-α. J Vasc Res 2012; 50:145-56. [PMID: 23258237 DOI: 10.1159/000345525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α can alter tissue repair functions in a variety of cells including endothelial cells. However, the mechanism by which TNF-α mediates these functional changes has not fully been studied. We investigated the role of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) on mediating the regulatory effect of TNF-α on the tissue repair functions of human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs). TNF-α protected HPAECs from undergoing apoptosis induced by serum and growth factor deprivation, augmented collagen gel contraction, and stimulated wound closure. TNF-α activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), and p38. Inhibitors of JNK (SP600125, 5 µM) or ERK1/2 (PD98059, 5 µM) significantly inhibited TNF-α-stimulated cell survival, contraction of collagen gels, and wound closure. In contrast, the p38 inhibitor SB203580 (5 µM) further amplified all of the TNF-α effects on HPAECs. TNF-α specifically activated p38α but not other p38 isoforms and suppression of p38α by an siRNA resulted in further amplification of the TNF-α effect. These results suggest that TNF-α stimulates tissue repair functions of HPAECs, and this may be mediated, at least in part, positively via JNK and ERK1/2, and negatively through p38α. MAPKs may play a role in endothelial cell-mediated tissue repair, especially in an inflammatory milieu where TNF-α is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Kanaji
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kagawa University, Kagawa, USA
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94
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Phosphorylation of Atg5 by the Gadd45β-MEKK4-p38 pathway inhibits autophagy. Cell Death Differ 2012; 20:321-32. [PMID: 23059785 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2012.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a lysosomal degradation pathway important for cellular homeostasis, mammalian development, cancer and immunity. Many molecular components of autophagy have been identified, but little is known about regulatory mechanisms controlling their effector functions. Here, we show that, in contrast to other p38 MAP kinase activators, the growth arrest and DNA damage 45 beta (Gadd45β)-MAPK/ERK kinase kinase 4 (MEKK4) pathway specifically directs p38 to autophagosomes. This process results in an accumulation of autophagosomes through p38-mediated inhibition of lysosome fusion. Conversely, autophagic flux is increased in p38-deficient fibroblasts and Gadd45β-deficient cells. We further identified the underlying mechanism and demonstrate that phosphorylation of the autophagy regulator autophagy-related (Atg)5 at threonine 75 through p38 is responsible for inhibition of starvation-induced autophagy. Thus, we show for the first time that Atg5 activity is controlled by phosphorylation and, moreover, that the spatial regulation of p38 by Gadd45β/MEKK4 negatively regulates the autophagic process.
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95
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Estrogen in obesity-associated colon cancer: friend or foe? Protecting postmenopausal women but promoting late-stage colon cancer. Cancer Causes Control 2012; 23:1767-73. [PMID: 23011535 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-012-0066-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with the increased incidence of colon cancer. Many cancer risk factors have been identified including increased blood levels of insulin, leptin, interleukin-6, interleukin-17, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and decreased blood levels of adiponectin. However, the role of blood levels of estrogen in obesity-associated colon cancer is controversial. Evidence showed that obesity affected men more strongly than women in the carcinogenesis of colon cancer, indicating protective effect of estrogen which is increased in obesity. However, an epidemiological study has also shown that endogenous estradiol level is an independent risk factor for colon cancer, positively associated with colon cancer after normalizing insulin, IGF-1. The controversial opinions may be caused by different effects of ER-alpha and ER-beta. ER-alpha can increase colon cancer cell proliferation and increase cancer incidence. ER-beta has the opposite effect to ER-alpha, and it causes apoptosis of colon cancer cells. The normal colonocytes mainly express ER-beta. Therefore, increased estrogen in obesity may have protective effect via ER-beta in obesity-associated colon cancer. However, with the development of colon cancer, ER-alpha is increased and ER-beta is decreased. In the late stage of colon cancer, estrogen may promote cancer development via ER-alpha. The different effects and expression of ER-alpha and ER-beta may explain the different results observed in several epidemiological studies as well as several animal experiments. Therefore, manipulation of estrogen-caused signal pathways to inhibit ER-alpha and stimulate ER-beta may have preventive and therapeutic effect for obesity-associated colon cancer.
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96
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List AF. New therapeutics for myelodysplastic syndromes. Leuk Res 2012; 36:1470-4. [PMID: 22959510 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2012.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Revised: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
While MDS was only recently viewed as an orphan disease without any FDA approved therapeutic options, the landscape has changed dramatically with a promise for development of exciting new therapeutics that parallels our growing understanding of the pathobiology of the disease. An array of new agents is entering clinical development, many of which were not discussed in this review. Nevertheless, our paradigm for the approach to treatment of MDS can be expected to evolve with our ever expanding insight into the disease biology, targeting not only the MDS clone, but also the surrounding microenvironment while at the same time considering the context of the dynamics of disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan F List
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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97
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Force-induced apoptosis mediated by the Rac/Pak/p38 signalling pathway is regulated by filamin A. Biochem J 2012; 445:57-67. [PMID: 22489840 DOI: 10.1042/bj20112119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cells in mechanically challenged environments cope with high-amplitude exogenous forces that can lead to cell death, but the mechanisms that mediate force-induced apoptosis and the identity of mechanoprotective cellular factors are not defined. We assessed apoptosis in NIH 3T3 and HEK (human embryonic kidney)-293 cells exposed to tensile forces applied through β1-integrins. Apoptosis was mediated by Rac-dependent activation of p38α. Depletion of Pak1 (p21-activated kinase 1), a downstream effector of Rac, prevented force-induced p38 activation and apoptosis. Rac was recruited to sites of force transfer by filamin A, which inhibited force-induced apoptosis mediated by Rac and p38α. We conclude that, in response to tensile force, filamin A regulates Rac-dependent signals, which induce apoptosis through Pak1 and p38.
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98
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Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease worldwide but current treatments remain suboptimal. This review examines the evidence for inflammation in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy in both experimental and human diabetes, and provides an update on recent novel experimental approaches targeting inflammation and the lessons we have learned from these approaches. We highlight the important role of inflammatory cells in the kidney, particularly infiltrating macrophages, T-lymphocytes and the subpopulation of regulatory T cells. The possible link between immune deposition and diabetic nephropathy is explored, along with the recently described immune complexes of anti-oxidized low-density lipoproteins. We also briefly discuss some of the major inflammatory cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, including the role of adipokines. Lastly, we present the latest data on the pathogenic role of the stress-activated protein kinases in diabetic nephropathy, from studies on the p38 mitogen activated protein kinase and the c-Jun amino terminal kinase cell signalling pathways. The genetic and pharmacological approaches which reduce inflammation in diabetic nephropathy have not only enhanced our understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease but shown promise as potential therapeutic strategies.
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99
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The many faces of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in progenitor/stem cell differentiation. Biochem J 2012; 445:1-10. [DOI: 10.1042/bj20120401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of stem cells is essential for development and adult tissue homoeostasis. The proper control of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation maintains organ physiology, and disruption of such a balance results in disease. There are many mechanisms that have been established as stem cell regulators, such as Wnt or Notch signals. However, the intracellular mechanisms that mediate and integrate these signals are not well understood. A new intracellular pathway that has been reported to be involved in the regulation of many stem cell types is that of p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase). In particular, p38α is essential for the proper differentiation of many haematopoietic, mesenchymal and epithelial stem/progenitor cells. Many reports have shown that disruption of this kinase pathway has pathological consequences in many organs. Understanding the extracellular cues and downstream targets of p38α in stem cell regulation may help to tackle some of the pathologies associated with improper differentiation and regulation of stem cell function. In the present review we present a vision of the current knowledge on the roles of the p38α signal as a regulator of stem/progenitor cells in different tissues in physiology and disease.
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100
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Bulzomi P, Bolli A, Galluzzo P, Acconcia F, Ascenzi P, Marino M. The naringenin-induced proapoptotic effect in breast cancer cell lines holds out against a high bisphenol a background. IUBMB Life 2012; 64:690-6. [PMID: 22692793 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fruit and vegetable consumption has generally been associated with the prevention or suppression of cancer. However, food could contain a multitude of chemicals (e.g., bisphenol A; BPA) that could synergize or antagonize the effects of diet-derived compounds. Remarkably, food containers (e.g., water and infant bottles) are the largest source of exposure to BPA for human beings. Here, the effects of the coexposure of naringenin (Nar, 1.0 × 10(-9) M to 1.0 × 10(-4) M) and BPA (1.0 × 10(-5) M) in estrogen-dependent breast cancer cell lines expressing (i.e., MCF-7 and T47D) or not expressing (i.e., MDA-MB-231) estrogen receptor α (ERα) are reported. Although both Nar and BPA bind to ERα, they induce opposite effects on breast cancer cell growth. BPA induces cell proliferation, whereas Nar only decreases the number of ERα-positive cells (i.e., MCF-7 and T47D). Notably, even in the presence of BPA, Nar impairs breast cancer cell proliferation by activating caspase-3. The molecular pathways involved require p38 activation, whereas, the BPA-induced AKT activation is completely prevented by the Nar treatment. As a whole, Nar maintains its proapoptotic effects even in the presence of the food contaminant BPA, thus, enlarging the chemopreventive potential of this flavanone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Bulzomi
- Department of Biology, University Roma Tre, Viale G. Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
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