51
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Wang H, Zhang S, Shen Q, Zhu MJ. A metabolomic explanation on beneficial effects of dietary Goji on intestine inflammation. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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52
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Yfanti C, Deli CK, Georgakouli K, Fatouros I, Jamurtas AZ. Sport nutrition, redox homeostasis and toxicity in sport performance. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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53
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Sharaf LK, Sharma M, Chandel D, Shukla G. Prophylactic intervention of probiotics (L.acidophilus, L.rhamnosus GG) and celecoxib modulate Bax-mediated apoptosis in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced experimental colon carcinogenesis. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1111. [PMID: 30424722 PMCID: PMC6234654 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4999-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer has been found to be attenuated either with prophylactic manipulation of gut microbiome with probiotics or celecoxib, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug mainly by suppressing early pro-carcinogenic markers in various experimental studies. Therefore, the present study was designed to assess the prophylactic potential of combinatorial administration of probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Lactobacillus acidophilus) and celecoxib in experimental colon carcinogenesis. METHODS Six groups of Spraugue Dawely rats received probiotics L.rhamnosus GG or/and L.acidophilus in combination with celecoxib one week prior to the inducement of tumor by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) and the treatment continued for 18 weeks. Prophylactic potentials of probiotics and celecoxib were determined by employing various methods such as tumor incidence, tumor burden, tumor multiplicity, apoptosis, caspase activity, expression of proto-oncogene K-ras and tumor suppressor p53 gene in colonic tumors. RESULTS Interestingly, it was found that one week prior supplementation of both probiotics and celecoxib reduced tumor burden, tumor multiplicity, down-regulated the expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, proto-oncogene K-ras and up-regulated pro-apoptotic Bax as well as tumor suppressor p53 in L.rhamnosus GG + celecoxib+DMH animals compared with counter controls and DMH-treated. CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that such combinatorial approach may be useful in reducing the burden and severity of disease in highly susceptible individuals but needs to be validated clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Kaeid Sharaf
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Medical Sciences (Block I), South Campus, Panjab University, -160014, Chandigarh, India
| | - Mridul Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Medical Sciences (Block I), South Campus, Panjab University, -160014, Chandigarh, India
| | - Deepika Chandel
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Medical Sciences (Block I), South Campus, Panjab University, -160014, Chandigarh, India
| | - Geeta Shukla
- Department of Microbiology, Basic Medical Sciences (Block I), South Campus, Panjab University, -160014, Chandigarh, India
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54
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Nooshkam M, Babazadeh A, Jooyandeh H. Lactulose: Properties, techno-functional food applications, and food grade delivery system. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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55
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Míguez B, Gómez B, Parajó JC, Alonso JL. Potential of Fructooligosaccharides and Xylooligosaccharides as Substrates To Counteract the Undesirable Effects of Several Antibiotics on Elder Fecal Microbiota: A First in Vitro Approach. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:9426-9437. [PMID: 30113166 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and xylooligosaccharides (XOS) were employed as substrates for in vitro fermentations to assess their capacity to counteract the effects caused by three antibiotics (ABs) at different doses on the elderly gut microbiota and its metabolic activity. The AB type and dose scarcely affected the total bacterial numbers and the microbiota composition after 24 h. However, in the presence of ABs, the relative percentages of Lactobacillus decreased (from 11.4% to 3.2% in the presence of XOS1), as well as the butyrate production, whereas the population of Bacteroides increased significantly in the presence of XOS1 (from 27.5% to 55.7%). FOS were able to counteract these effects by increasing the butyrate production and the number of Lactobacillus, while maintaining the number of Bacteroides almost constant and decreasing the clostridia. XOS2 (mainly DP = 2-4) also showed ability to increase the percentages of Bifidobacterium and the production of both butyrate and acetate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Míguez
- Chemical Engineering Department , Polytechnic Building , University of Vigo (Campus Ourense) , 32004 Ourense , Spain
- CINBIO, University Campus , 36310 Vigo, Pontevedra , Spain
| | - Belén Gómez
- Chemical Engineering Department , Polytechnic Building , University of Vigo (Campus Ourense) , 32004 Ourense , Spain
- CINBIO, University Campus , 36310 Vigo, Pontevedra , Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Parajó
- Chemical Engineering Department , Polytechnic Building , University of Vigo (Campus Ourense) , 32004 Ourense , Spain
- CINBIO, University Campus , 36310 Vigo, Pontevedra , Spain
| | - José L Alonso
- Chemical Engineering Department , Polytechnic Building , University of Vigo (Campus Ourense) , 32004 Ourense , Spain
- CINBIO, University Campus , 36310 Vigo, Pontevedra , Spain
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56
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Kaeid Sharaf L, Shukla G. Probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG) in Conjunction with Celecoxib (selective COX-2 inhibitor) Modulated DMH-Induced Early Experimental Colon Carcinogenesis. Nutr Cancer 2018; 70:946-955. [PMID: 30183370 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1490783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental observations have shown that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs especially selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors and probiotics reduce the incidence risk of colon cancer. Therefore, the present study was designed to assess the prophylactic potentials of probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG) in conjunction with celecoxib, a selective cox-2 inhibitor in 1,2 dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (DMH)-induced experimental colon carcinogenesis, a well-established, well appreciated and widely used model for colorectal cancer that shares many similarities to human sporadic colorectal cancer with respect to response to some promotional and preventive agents. More specifically, it was observed that L. rhamnosus GG + celecoxib + DMH-treated animals had significantly reduced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) count and the expression of procarcinogenic molecular markers (β-catenin, NF-κB, and COX-2) in early experimental colon carcinogenesis compared with probiotic-DMH, celecoxib-DMH or DMH-treated animals. This is the first ever such study to demonstrate that probiotic in conjunction with celecoxib can be opted as an alternate prophylactic strategy in highly susceptible individuals to reduce both the incidence and severity of the life style diseases as prevention is better than cure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Geeta Shukla
- a Department of Microbiology , Panjab University , Chandigarh , India
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57
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Di W, Zhang L, Yi H, Han X, Zhang Y, Xin L. Exopolysaccharides produced by Lactobacillus strains suppress HT-29 cell growth via induction of G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:3577-3586. [PMID: 30127964 PMCID: PMC6096156 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the effects of exopolysaccharides (EPS) from nine Lactobacillus strains with a high degree of bio-activity on human colon cancer cell line HT-29 were studied. The extracellular polymeric substances from 4 strains, namely K11, M5, SB27 and ×12, displayed desirable anti-proliferative activity against HT-29 cells. Crude and acidic EPS were purified from the 4 strains and the inhibitory effects were further investigated. The crude and acidic EPS from these 4 strains exerted anti-proliferation effects on HT-29 cells in a dose-dependent manner but were nontoxic to Vero cells. Treatment with EPS significantly induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of HT-29 cells. Hoechst 33258 staining of acidic EPS-treated HT-29 cells revealed different degrees of morphological changes within the nucleus and the formation of apoptotic bodies. Caspase-3 activity was markedly upregulated in HT-29 cells following treatment with acidic EPS. In addition, acidic EPS from the SB27 strain demonstrated the most robust inhibitory effect on HT-29 cells. The results of the present study suggest that as an inducer of apoptosis EPS has the potential to be applied in the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Di
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, P.R. China
| | - Lanwei Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, P.R. China.,Functional Dairy and Probiotics Engineering Laboratory, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Huaxi Yi
- Functional Dairy and Probiotics Engineering Laboratory, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Xue Han
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, P.R. China
| | - Yingchun Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, P.R. China
| | - Liang Xin
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, P.R. China
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Malik SS, Saeed A, Baig M, Asif N, Masood N, Yasmin A. Anticarcinogenecity of microbiota and probiotics in breast cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2018.1448994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saima Shakil Malik
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Microbiology and Biotechnology Research Lab, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- Surgery Department, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Saeed
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Microbiology and Biotechnology Research Lab, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Mehreen Baig
- Chemical Pathology and Endocrinology, Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Asif
- Surgery Department, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Nosheen Masood
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Microbiology and Biotechnology Research Lab, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Azra Yasmin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Microbiology and Biotechnology Research Lab, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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59
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Nath A, Haktanirlar G, Varga Á, Molnár MA, Albert K, Galambos I, Koris A, Vatai G. Biological Activities of Lactose-Derived Prebiotics and Symbiotic with Probiotics on Gastrointestinal System. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 54:medicina54020018. [PMID: 30344249 PMCID: PMC6037253 DOI: 10.3390/medicina54020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lactose-derived prebiotics provide wide ranges of gastrointestinal comforts. In this review article, the probable biochemical mechanisms through which lactose-derived prebiotics offer positive gastrointestinal health are reported along with the up-to-date results of clinical investigations; this might be the first review article of its kind, to the best of our knowledge. Lactose-derived prebiotics have unique biological and functional values, and they are confirmed as ‘safe’ by the Food and Drug Administration federal agency. Medical practitioners frequently recommend them as therapeutics as a pure form or combined with dairy-based products (yoghurt, milk and infant formulas) or fruit juices. The biological activities of lactose-derived prebiotics are expressed in the presence of gut microflora, mainly probiotics (Lactobacillus spp. in the small intestine and Bifidobacterium spp. in the large intestine). Clinical investigations reveal that galacto-oligosaccharide reduces the risks of several types of diarrhea (traveler’s diarrhea, osmotic diarrhea and Clostridium difficile associated relapsing diarrhea). Lactulose and lactosucrose prevent inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis). Lactulose and lactitol reduce the risk of hepatic encephalopathy. Furthermore, lactulose, galacto-oligosaccharide and lactitol prevent constipation in individuals of all ages. It is expected that the present review article will receive great attention from medical practitioners and food technologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Nath
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Science, Szent István University, Ménesi st 44, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary.
- Soós Ernő Water Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Zrínyi M. u. 18, H-8800 Nagykanizsa, Hungary.
| | - Gokce Haktanirlar
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Science, Szent István University, Ménesi st 44, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Áron Varga
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Science, Szent István University, Ménesi st 44, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Máté András Molnár
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Science, Szent István University, Ménesi st 44, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Krisztina Albert
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Science, Szent István University, Ménesi st 44, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Ildikó Galambos
- Soós Ernő Water Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Zrínyi M. u. 18, H-8800 Nagykanizsa, Hungary.
| | - András Koris
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Science, Szent István University, Ménesi st 44, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Gyula Vatai
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Science, Szent István University, Ménesi st 44, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary.
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60
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Ho CL, Tan HQ, Chua KJ, Kang A, Lim KH, Ling KL, Yew WS, Lee YS, Thiery JP, Chang MW. Engineered commensal microbes for diet-mediated colorectal-cancer chemoprevention. Nat Biomed Eng 2018; 2:27-37. [PMID: 31015663 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-017-0181-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Chemoprevention-the use of medication to prevent cancer-can be augmented by the consumption of produce enriched with natural metabolites. However, chemopreventive metabolites are typically inactive and have low bioavailability and poor host absorption. Here, we show that engineered commensal microbes can prevent carcinogenesis and promote the regression of colorectal cancer through a cruciferous vegetable diet. The engineered commensal Escherichia coli bound specifically to the heparan sulphate proteoglycan on colorectal cancer cells and secreted the enzyme myrosinase to transform host-ingested glucosinolates-natural components of cruciferous vegetables-to sulphoraphane, an organic small molecule with known anticancer activity. The engineered microbes coupled with glucosinolates resulted in >95% proliferation inhibition of murine, human and colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines in vitro. We also show that murine models of colorectal carcinoma fed with the engineered microbes and the cruciferous vegetable diet displayed significant tumour regression and reduced tumour occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Loong Ho
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hui Qing Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Koon Jiew Chua
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aram Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kiat Hon Lim
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Khoon Lin Ling
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wen Shan Yew
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yung Seng Lee
- NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jean Paul Thiery
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Matthew Wook Chang
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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61
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Zalewska B, Kaevska M, Slana I. Sequence Analysis of Changes in Microbial Composition in Different Milk Products During Fermentation and Storage. Curr Microbiol 2017; 75:202-205. [PMID: 29063967 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-017-1366-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the changes in the microbiota of milk products during fermentation and storage. Two kinds of Yoghurt, one Kefir, and one Acidophilus milk were observed during the fermentation process and storage using 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing. Cow's, goat's, raw and pasteurized milk were also examined. The most represented organisms in all manufactured products were shown to be those of the phylum Firmicutes. In some products, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria were also present in high amounts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Zalewska
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Marija Kaevska
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Slana
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00, Brno, Czech Republic
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62
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Techniques Applied in Characterising Non-starch Polysaccharides in Underutilised Crops in Sub-Saharan Africa. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-0880-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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63
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64
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CHAIYASUT C, PATTANANANDECHA T, SIRILUN S, SUWANNALERT P, PEERAJAN S, SIVAMARUTHI BS. Synbiotic preparation with Lactic acid bacteria and inulin as a functional food: In vivo evaluation of microbial activities, and preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-457x.26216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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65
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Cray N, Zhao Y, Fang Y, Liu P, Pollak L, Duvick S, Birt DF, Whitley EM. Effects of Dietary Resistant Starch on the Wnt Signaling Pathway and Preneoplastic Cells in the Colons of Azoxymethane-Treated Rats. Nutr Cancer 2017; 69:632-642. [PMID: 28362171 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1299875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Dietary resistant starch (RS) has been suggested to reduce colonic neoplasia. To determine the effects of digestion-resistant cornstarch on colonic carcinogenesis and Wnt signaling in azoxymethane (AOM)-treated F344 rats, diets containing naturally occurring RS from corn lines derived partially from Guat209 (GUAT), AR16035 (AR), or a hybrid (ARxGUAT), containing 34.5 ± 2.0, 0.2 ± 0.1, and 1.9 ± 0.1% RS, respectively, were fed at 55% of the diet. GUAT-fed rats had increased cecal content and tissue weight and decreased cecal pH compared with AR- or ARxGUAT-fed rats. Numbers of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) were not different among diet groups. Increased numbers of crypts/focus were observed in AOM-injected rats fed GUAT compared with rats fed other diets. β-catenin mRNA expression of the crypts was significantly increased in GUAT-fed rats injected with AOM relative to those injected with saline. These findings suggest that selected dietary RSs may at some level further enhance colonocyte proliferation and differentiation in an AOM-treated colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Cray
- a Department of Veterinary Pathology , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa , USA.,b Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Genetics , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa , USA
| | - Yinsheng Zhao
- b Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Genetics , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa , USA.,c Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa , USA
| | - Yinan Fang
- d Department of Statistics , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa , USA
| | - Peng Liu
- d Department of Statistics , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa , USA
| | - Linda Pollak
- e USDA-Agricultural Research Service , Washington, DC , USA
| | - Susan Duvick
- e USDA-Agricultural Research Service , Washington, DC , USA.,f Department of Agronomy (retired) , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa , USA
| | - Diane F Birt
- b Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Genetics , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa , USA.,c Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa , USA
| | - Elizabeth M Whitley
- a Department of Veterinary Pathology , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa , USA.,b Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Genetics , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa , USA.,g Pathogenesis , LLC , Gainesville , Florida , USA
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66
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Deepak V, Ram Kumar Pandian S, Sivasubramaniam SD, Nellaiah H, Sundar K. Optimization of anticancer exopolysaccharide production from probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus by response surface methodology. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 46:288-97. [PMID: 25831127 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2015.1031386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in the Western world. Recently, much attention has been focused on decreasing the risk of CRC by consuming probiotics. In the present study, exopolysaccharide (EPS) extracted from Lactobacillus acidophilus was found to inhibit the growth of CaCo2 colon cancer cell line in a dose-dependent manner. The experiment was performed in both normoxic and hypoxic conditions, and EPS was found to reduce the survival of CaCo2 cell line in both the conditions. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) studies demonstrated that EPS treatment upregulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator activator receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) in both normoxia and hypoxia conditions, whereas it upregulated the expression of erythropoietin (EPO) in the normoxic condition, but there was no significant expression under hypoxic conditions. Hence, the EPS production was optimized by Plackett-Burman design followed by central composite rotatory design. The optimized production of EPS at 24 hr was found to be 400 mg/L. During batch cultivation the production peaked at 21 hr, resulting in an EPS concentration of 597 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkataraman Deepak
- a Department of Biotechnology , Kalasalingam University , Krishnankoil , Tamilnadu , India.,b School of Science and Technology , Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham , United Kingdom
| | | | - Shiva D Sivasubramaniam
- b School of Science and Technology , Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham , United Kingdom
| | - Hariharan Nellaiah
- a Department of Biotechnology , Kalasalingam University , Krishnankoil , Tamilnadu , India
| | - Krishnan Sundar
- a Department of Biotechnology , Kalasalingam University , Krishnankoil , Tamilnadu , India
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67
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Sharma M, Shukla G. Metabiotics: One Step ahead of Probiotics; an Insight into Mechanisms Involved in Anticancerous Effect in Colorectal Cancer. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1940. [PMID: 27994577 PMCID: PMC5133260 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is closely associated with environment, diet and lifestyle. Normally it is treated with surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy but increasing systemic toxicity, resistance and recurrence is prompting scientists to devise new potent and safer alternate prophylactic or therapeutic strategies. Among these, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and metabiotics are being considered as the promising candidates. Metabiotics or probiotic derived factors can optimize various physiological functions of the host and offer an additional advantage to be utilized even in immunosuppressed individuals. Interestingly, anti colon cancer potential of probiotic strains has been attributable to metabiotics that have epigenetic, antimutagenic, immunomodulatory, apoptotic, and antimetastatic effects. Thus, it's time to move one step further to utilize metabiotics more smartly by avoiding the risks associated with probiotics even in certain normal/or immuno compromised host. Here, an attempt is made to provide insight into the adverse effects associated with probiotics and beneficial aspects of metabiotics with main emphasis on the modulatory mechanisms involved in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridul Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University Chandigarh, India
| | - Geeta Shukla
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University Chandigarh, India
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68
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Liao XY, Zheng QW, Zhou QL, Lin JF, Guo LQ, Yun F. Characterization of recombinant β- galactosidase and its use in enzymatic synthesis of lactulose from lactose and fructose. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2016.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Khorshidian N, Yousefi Asli M, Hosseini H, Shadnoush M, Mortazavian AM. Potential Anticarcinogenic Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Probiotics in Detoxification of Process-Induced Food Toxicants. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION 2016. [DOI: 10.17795/ijcp-7920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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70
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Desrouillères K, Millette M, Jamshidian M, Maherani B, Fortin O, Lacroix M. Cancer preventive effect of a specific probiotic fermented milk components and cell walls extracted from a biomass containing L. acidophilus CL1285, L. casei LBC80R, and L. rhamnosus CLR2 on male F344 rats treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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71
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Grounta A, Harizanis P, Mylonakis E, Nychas GJE, Panagou EZ. Investigating the Effect of Different Treatments with Lactic Acid Bacteria on the Fate of Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus Infection in Galleria mellonella Larvae. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161263. [PMID: 27618619 PMCID: PMC5019373 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of Galleria mellonella as a model host to elucidate microbial pathogenesis and search for novel drugs and therapies has been well appreciated over the past years. However, the effect of microorganisms with functional appeal in the specific host remains scarce. The present study investigates the effect of treatment with selected lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with probiotic potential, as potential protective agents by using live or heat-killed cells at 6 and 24 h prior to infection with Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus or as potential therapeutic agents by using cell-free supernatants (CFS) after infection with the same pathogens. The employed LAB strains were Lactobacillus pentosus B281 and Lactobacillus plantarum B282 (isolated from table olive fermentations) along with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (inhabitant of human intestinal tract). Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted while the pathogen's persistence in the larval hemolymph was determined by microbiological analysis. It was observed that the time (6 or 24 h) and type (live or heat-killed cells) of challenge period with LAB prior to infection greatly affected the survival of infected larvae. The highest decrease of L. monocytogenes population in the hemolymph was observed in groups challenged for 6 h with heat-killed cells by an average of 1.8 log units compared to non challenged larvae for strains B281 (p 0.0322), B282 (p 0.0325), and LGG (p 0.0356). In the case of S. aureus infection, the population of the pathogen decreased in the hemolymph by 1 log units at 8 h post infection in the groups challenged for 6 h with heat-killed cells of strains B281 (p 0.0161) and B282 (p 0.0096) and by 1.8 log units in groups challenged with heat-killed cells of LGG strain (p 0.0175). Further use of CFS of each LAB strain did not result in any significant prolonged survival but interestingly it resulted in pronounced decrease of L. monocytogenes in the hemolymph at 24 h and 48 h after infection by more than 1 log unit (p < 0.05) depending on the strain. The results of the present work support the broader use of G. mellonella larvae as a low cost in vivo tool for screening for probiotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athena Grounta
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Paschalis Harizanis
- Laboratory of Sericulture and Apiculture, Faculty of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Mylonakis
- Infectious Diseases Division, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - George-John E. Nychas
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstathios Z. Panagou
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Samah S, Ramasamy K, Lim SM, Neoh CF. Probiotics for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2016; 118:172-82. [PMID: 27388674 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To systematically review evidence of probiotic interventions against type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and analyse the effects of probiotics on glycaemic control among T2DM patients. METHODS Electronic search using five electronic databases was performed until October 2015. Relevant studies were identified, extracted and assessed for risk of bias. The primary outcomes of this review were glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting blood glucose (FBG). Fasting plasma insulin, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and malondialdehyde, were identified as the secondary outcomes. Mean differences (MD) between probiotics and control groups for all outcomes were pooled using either Fixed- or Random-Effect Model. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using I(2) and Chi(2) tests. RESULTS Six randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the systematic review, whereas only five were included in meta-analysis. Most RCTs were presented with low or unclear risk of bias. When compared to placebo, FBG was significantly lower with probiotic consumption (MD=-0.98mmol/L; 95% CI: -1.17, 0.78, p<0.00001), with moderate but insignificant heterogeneity noted. Insignificant changes between the groups were also noted for HbA1c and other secondary outcomes. CONCLUSIONS A moderate hypoglycaemic effect of probiotics, with a significantly lower FBG was noted. Findings on HbA1c, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of probiotics in the clinical setting, however, remain inconsistent. The findings imply the need for well-designed clinical studies to further assess the potential beneficial effects of probiotics in management of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syamimi Samah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Kalavathy Ramasamy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences Community of Research, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Siong Meng Lim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences Community of Research, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Chin Fen Neoh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences Community of Research, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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73
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Aryantini NPD, Yamasaki E, Kurazono H, Sujaya IN, Urashima T, Fukuda K. In vitro safety assessments and antimicrobial activities of Lactobacillus rhamnosus strains isolated from a fermented mare's milk. Anim Sci J 2016; 88:517-525. [PMID: 27476815 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Safety and probiotic characteristics such as antimicrobial activities of three Lactobacillus rhamnosus strains, FSMM15, FSMM22 and FSMM26, previously isolated as potential probiotics from fermented mare's milk were investigated. The three FSMM strains were susceptible to ampicillin, gentamycin, kanamycin, streptomycin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol, whereas they were resistant to erythromycin (minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 4-8 µg/mL) and clindamycin (MIC = 4 µg/mL); bioconversion of bile salts, hemolytic activity and mucin degradation activity were negative; enzymatic activities of α-chymotrypsin and β-glucosidase were detected, but those of α-galactosidase, β-glucuronidase and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase, were undetectable. Among the strains, strain FSMM15 was chosen as a safer probiotic candidate due mainly to the lack of plasminogen binding ability. Despite lower acid production of strain FSMM15 than others, its cell-free culture supernatant inhibited growths of Salmonella Typhimurium LT-2, Shigella sonnei, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli O157 with comparable levels of ampicillin, suggesting a favorable aspect of strain FSMM15 as a probiotic strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Putu Desy Aryantini
- Department of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Eiki Yamasaki
- Department of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hisao Kurazono
- Department of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - I Nengah Sujaya
- Integrated Laboratory for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Tadasu Urashima
- Department of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kenji Fukuda
- Department of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
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Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are the most commonly used microorganisms in probiotic products and it is known that these LAB enhanced the immune response and increase resistance to neoplasia and infections. In previous studies using an experimental model of BALB/c mice it was demonstrated that a cyclical diet of yoghurt given to animals previously injected with the carcinogen 1,2 dimethylhydrazine (DMH) inhibited the development of colorectal carcinoma. The animals showed an inflammatory response prior to the development of the tumour, which was diminished with the yoghurt feeding. We examined the immunoregulatory and antiinflammatory mechanisms involved in the inhibition of tumour growth by yoghurt and compared with the mechanisms of a non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug (Indomethacin). Five experimental groups (BALB/c mice) were used in this study: 1) DMH group, injected with 1,2 dimethylhydrazine weekly for 10 weeks. 2) DMH-yoghurt group, yoghurt was supplemented 10 days followed by inoculation with DMH. After tumour induction yoghurt was given every 10 days for six months. 3) Only yoghurt given during six months following the same schedule (yoghurt control. 4) DMH-indomethacin group. After tumour induction, animals were treated with indomethacin, injected cyclically. 5) Non-treatment control group fed with a conventional balanced diet. We studied IgA secreting cells and CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the large intestine of mice fed long term with yoghurt and others treated with indomethacin. TNFα, INFγ cytokines, Bcl2 protein and iNOS enzyme production was also measured We observed an increase in the number of IgA-secreting cells but not in the CD4+ and CD8+ cells in the mice fed long term with yoghurt. Indomethacin treated mice showed high values of all these cellular populations. Mice injected with indomethacin did not show increased levels of the proinflammatory cytokine TNFα and INFγ. These cytokines were increased in DMH and DMH plus yoghurt groups. iNOS enzyme determinations were increased in DMH and DMH plus indomethacin group. These results coincided with the inflammatory response observed in the histological findings. Bcl-2 protein was increased in mice fed long term with yoghurt. We suggest that the immune mechanisms by which yoghurt operates would be different to those induced with the antiinflammatory drug indomethacin. Yoghurt activated the production of cytokines that could exert a regulation of the immune response by apoptosis induced by TNFα. We conclude that yoghurt down modulate the immune response and exert its antitumour activity by its antiinflammatory activity, a mechanism that is different with that of the antiinflammatory indomethacin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - G. Perdigón
- Centro de Referencias para Lactobacilos (CERELA). Chacabuco 145, (4000) Tucumán. Argentina
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75
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Nguyen HT, Truong DH, Kouhoundé S, Ly S, Razafindralambo H, Delvigne F. Biochemical Engineering Approaches for Increasing Viability and Functionality of Probiotic Bacteria. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E867. [PMID: 27271598 PMCID: PMC4926401 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17060867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The literature presents a growing body of evidence demonstrating the positive effect of probiotics on health. Probiotic consumption levels are rising quickly in the world despite the fluctuation of their viability and functionality. Technological methods aiming at improving probiotic characteristics are thus highly wanted. However, microbial metabolic engineering toolbox is not available for this kind of application. On the other hand, basic microbiology teaches us that bacteria are able to exhibit adaptation to external stresses. It is known that adequately applied sub-lethal stress, i.e., controlled in amplitude and frequency at a given stage of the culture, is able to enhance microbial robustness. This property could be potentially used to improve the viability of probiotic bacteria, but some technical challenges still need to be overcome before any industrial implementation. This review paper investigates the different technical tools that can be used in order to define the proper condition for improving viability of probiotic bacteria and their implementation at the industrial scale. Based on the example of Bifidobacterium bifidum, potentialities for simultaneously improving viability, but also functionality of probiotics will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huu-Thanh Nguyen
- Natural Products and Industrial Biochemistry Research Group (NPIB), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, 19 Nguyen Huu Tho, Tan Phong Ward, District 7, 700000 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Microbial Processes and Interactions (MiPI), Agro-biochem Department, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Dieu-Hien Truong
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, 19 Nguyen Huu Tho, Tan Phong Ward, District 7, 700000 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Sonagnon Kouhoundé
- Microbial Processes and Interactions (MiPI), Agro-biochem Department, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Sokny Ly
- Microbial Processes and Interactions (MiPI), Agro-biochem Department, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Hary Razafindralambo
- Food technology and Formulation, Agro-Biochem Department, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Frank Delvigne
- Microbial Processes and Interactions (MiPI), Agro-biochem Department, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
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76
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Josephs-Spaulding J, Beeler E, Singh OV. Human microbiome versus food-borne pathogens: friend or foe. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:4845-63. [PMID: 27102132 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7523-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
As food safety advances, there is a great need to maintain, distribute, and provide high-quality food to a much broader consumer base. There is also an ever-growing "arms race" between pathogens and humans as food manufacturers. The human microbiome is a collective organ of microbes that have found community niches while associating with their host and other microorganisms. Humans play an important role in modifying the environment of these organisms through their life choices, especially through individual diet. The composition of an individual's diet influences the digestive system-an ecosystem with the greatest number and largest diversity of organisms currently known. Organisms living on and within food have the potential to be either friends or foes to the consumer. Maintenance of this system can have multiple benefits, but lack of maintenance can lead to a host of chronic and preventable diseases. Overall, this dynamic system is influenced by intense competition from food-borne pathogens, lifestyle, overall diet, and presiding host-associated microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Josephs-Spaulding
- Division of Biological and Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Campus Drive, Bradford, PA, 16701, USA
| | - Erik Beeler
- Division of Biological and Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Campus Drive, Bradford, PA, 16701, USA
| | - Om V Singh
- Division of Biological and Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Campus Drive, Bradford, PA, 16701, USA.
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77
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Guiné RPF, Rodrigues AP, Ferreira SM, Gonçalves FJ. Development of Yogurts Enriched with Antioxidants from Wine. JOURNAL OF CULINARY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15428052.2015.1111180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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78
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79
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Peukert M, Thiel J, Mock HP, Marko D, Weschke W, Matros A. Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Oligofructan Metabolism and Suggested Functions in Developing Cereal Grains. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 6:1245. [PMID: 26834760 PMCID: PMC4717867 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Oligofructans represent one of the most important groups of sucrose-derived water-soluble carbohydrates in the plant kingdom. In cereals, oligofructans accumulate in above ground parts of the plants (stems, leaves, seeds) and their biosynthesis leads to the formation of both types of glycosidic linkages [β(2,1); β(2,6)-fructans] or mixed patterns. In recent studies, tissue- and development- specific distribution patterns of the various oligofructan types in cereal grains have been shown, which are possibly related to the different phases of grain development, such as cellular differentiation of grain tissues and storage product accumulation. Here, we summarize the current knowledge about oligofructan biosynthesis and accumulation kinetics in cereal grains. We focus on the spatiotemporal dynamics and regulation of oligofructan biosynthesis and accumulation in developing barley grains (deduced from a combination of metabolite, transcript and proteome analyses). Finally, putative physiological functions of oligofructans in developing grains are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Peukert
- Applied Biochemistry Group, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK-Gatersleben)Gatersleben, Germany
- University of CologneCologne, Germany
| | - Johannes Thiel
- Plant Architecture Group, IPK-GaterslebenGatersleben, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Mock
- Applied Biochemistry Group, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK-Gatersleben)Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Doris Marko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of ViennaVienna, Austria
| | | | - Andrea Matros
- Applied Biochemistry Group, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK-Gatersleben)Gatersleben, Germany
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80
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Florowska A, Krygier K, Florowski T, Dłużewska E. Prebiotics as functional food ingredients preventing diet-related diseases. Food Funct 2016; 7:2147-55. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo01459j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews the potential of prebiotic-containing foods in the prevention or postponement of certain diet-related diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases with hypercholesterolemia, osteoporosis, diabetes, gastrointestinal infections and gut inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Florowska
- Department of Food Technology
- Faculty of Food Sciences
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW
- 02-787 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - K. Krygier
- Department of Food Technology
- Faculty of Food Sciences
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW
- 02-787 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - T. Florowski
- Department of Food Technology
- Faculty of Food Sciences
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW
- 02-787 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - E. Dłużewska
- Department of Food Technology
- Faculty of Food Sciences
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW
- 02-787 Warsaw
- Poland
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81
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Kouris-Blazos A, Belski R. Health benefits of legumes and pulses with a focus on Australian sweet lupins. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2016; 25:1-17. [PMID: 26965756 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-12763-3_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The 68th United Nations General Assembly declared 2016 the International Year of Pulses. Therefore it is timely to review the current evidence of the benefits of legumes for human health with a focus on Australian sweet lupins. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN Medline, Pubmed, Cochrane library were searched to identify cross-sectional/epidemiological studies, randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews. RESULTS The strongest evidence appears to be for links between eating legumes and reduced risk of colorectal cancer as well as eating soy foods and reduced LDL cholesterol. However, epidemiological studies and RCTs suggest that replacing several meat-based meals a week with legumes can have a positive impact on longevity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and weight management, potentially via favourable effects on the gut microbiome. Sweet lupins are unique among legumes with one of the highest combined amounts of digestible plant protein (38%) and dietary fibre (30%). Unlike other legumes, their low amount of anti-nutritional factors negates the need for soaking/cooking and they can therefore be eaten uncooked. Sweet lupins may lower blood pressure, improve blood lipids and insulin sensitivity and favourably alter the gut microbiome. There is growing interest in pulses, especially sweet lupins, as ingredients to improve the nutritional value of baked goods (particularly gluten free) and to create novel products to replace meat. CONCLUSION Legumes form part of most traditional diets. They, including sweet lupins, can play a useful role in health maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antigone Kouris-Blazos
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Sport, College of Science, Health and Engineering, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia. ;
| | - Regina Belski
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Sport, College of Science, Health and Engineering, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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82
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Butardo VM, Sreenivasulu N. Tailoring Grain Storage Reserves for a Healthier Rice Diet and its Comparative Status with Other Cereals. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 323:31-70. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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83
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Han A, Bennett N, MacDonald A, Johnstone M, Whelan J, Donohoe DR. Cellular Metabolism and Dose Reveal Carnitine-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms of Butyrate Oxidation in Colorectal Cancer Cells. J Cell Physiol 2015; 231:1804-13. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Han
- Department of Nutrition; University of Tennessee; Knoxville Tennessee
| | - Natalie Bennett
- Department of Nutrition; University of Tennessee; Knoxville Tennessee
| | - Amber MacDonald
- Department of Nutrition; University of Tennessee; Knoxville Tennessee
| | - Megan Johnstone
- Department of Nutrition; University of Tennessee; Knoxville Tennessee
| | - Jay Whelan
- Department of Nutrition; University of Tennessee; Knoxville Tennessee
| | - Dallas R. Donohoe
- Department of Nutrition; University of Tennessee; Knoxville Tennessee
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84
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Deepak V, Ramachandran S, Balahmar RM, Pandian SRK, Sivasubramaniam SD, Nellaiah H, Sundar K. In vitro evaluation of anticancer properties of exopolysaccharides from Lactobacillus acidophilus in colon cancer cell lines. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2015; 52:163-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s11626-015-9970-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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85
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Live and Heat-Killed Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469 May Induce Modulatory Cytokines Profiles on Macrophages RAW 264.7. ScientificWorldJournal 2015; 2015:716749. [PMID: 26649329 PMCID: PMC4663741 DOI: 10.1155/2015/716749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the capacity of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and/or its products to induce the synthesis of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-12) by mouse macrophages (RAW 264.7). Three microorganism preparations were used: live L. rhamnosus (LLR) suspension, heat-killed L. rhamnosus (HKLR) suspension, and the supernatant of a heat-killed L. rhamnosus (SHKLR) suspension, which were cultured with macrophages (37°C, 5% CO2) for 2 h and 30 min. After that, cells were cultured for 16 h. The supernatants were used for the quantitation of cytokines, by ELISA. The results were compared with the synthesis induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and analysed, using ANOVA and Tukey test, 5%. LLR and HKLR groups were able to significantly increase the production of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 (P < 0.05). SHKLR also significantly increased the production of TNF-α and IL-10 (P < 0.05) but not IL-6 (P > 0.05). All the L. rhamnosus suspensions were not able to produce detectable levels of IL-1β or significant levels of IL-4 and IL-12 (P > 0.05). In conclusion, live and heat-killed L. rhamnosus suspensions were able to induce the synthesis of different cytokines with proinflammatory (TNF-α and IL-6) or regulatory (IL-10) functions, suggesting the role of strain L. rhamnosus ATCC 7469 in the modulation or in the stimulation of immune responses.
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86
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Paul B, Barnes S, Demark-Wahnefried W, Morrow C, Salvador C, Skibola C, Tollefsbol TO. Influences of diet and the gut microbiome on epigenetic modulation in cancer and other diseases. Clin Epigenetics 2015; 7:112. [PMID: 26478753 PMCID: PMC4609101 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-015-0144-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modulation of gene activity occurs in response to non-genetic factors such as body weight status, physical activity, dietary factors, and environmental toxins. In addition, each of these factors is thought to affect and be affected by the gut microbiome. A primary mechanism that links these various factors together in mediating control of gene expression is the production of metabolites that serve as critical cofactors and allosteric regulators of epigenetic processes. Here, we review the involvement of the gut microbiota and its interactions with dietary factors, many of which have known cellular bioactivity, focusing on particular epigenetic processes affected and the influence they have on human health and disease, particularly cancer and response to treatment. Advances in DNA sequencing have expanded the capacity for studying the microbiome. Combining this with rapidly improving techniques to measure the metabolome provides opportunities to understand complex relationships that may underlie the development and progression of cancer as well as treatment-related sequelae. Given broad reaching and fundamental biology, both at the cellular and organismal levels, we propose that interactive research programs, which utilize a wide range of mutually informative experimental model systems—each one optimally suited for answering particular questions—provide the best path forward for breaking ground on new knowledge and ultimately understanding the epigenetic significance of the gut microbiome and its response to dietary factors in cancer prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidisha Paul
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 175 Campbell Hall, 1300 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294-1170 USA
| | - Stephen Barnes
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA ; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA ; Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Wendy Demark-Wahnefried
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA ; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA ; Comprehensive Center for Healthy Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA ; Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Casey Morrow
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA ; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Carolina Salvador
- Division of Medical Oncology/Hematology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA ; Comprehensive Center for Healthy Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Christine Skibola
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA ; Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Trygve O Tollefsbol
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 175 Campbell Hall, 1300 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294-1170 USA ; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA ; Comprehensive Center for Healthy Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA ; Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA ; Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
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87
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Shori AB. The potential applications of probiotics on dairy and non-dairy foods focusing on viability during storage. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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88
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Krishna G, Divyashri G, Prapulla SG, Muralidhara. A Combination Supplement of Fructo- and Xylo-Oligosaccharides Significantly Abrogates Oxidative Impairments and Neurotoxicity in Maternal/Fetal Milieu Following Gestational Exposure to Acrylamide in Rat. Neurochem Res 2015; 40:1904-18. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-015-1687-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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89
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Gao Z, Guo B, Gao R, Zhu Q, Wu W, Qin H. Probiotics modify human intestinal mucosa-associated microbiota in patients with colorectal cancer. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:6119-27. [PMID: 26238090 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies using animal models have demonstrated that probiotics may have a beneficial role in the prevention of colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the underlying mechanism of the beneficial effects of interventional probiotic treatment on gut microbiota has remained elusive. In the present study, pyrosequencing of the V3 region of the 16S rRNA genes was conducted in order to determine the extent to which probiotics alter the microbiota. The observations of the present study indicated that the microbial structure of cancerous tissue differed significantly from that of healthy individuals and that the CRC microbiota exhibited lower diversity. It was indicated that interventional treatment with probiotics increased the density and diversity of mucosal microbes, and altered the mucosa‑associated microbiota. Pyrosequencing demonstrated that probiotics significantly reduced (5‑fold) the abundance of a bacterial taxon assigned to the genus Fusobacterium, which had been previously suggested to be a contributing factor to increase tumorigenesis. Accordingly, interventional probiotic therapy is suggested to be able to improve the composition of the mucosal microbial flora and significantly reduce the abundance of mucosa-associated pathogens in patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Bomin Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Renyuan Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Qingchao Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Wen Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Huanlong Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
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90
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Klewicka E, Zduńczyk Z, Juśkiewicz J, Klewicki R. Effects of Lactofermented Beetroot Juice Alone or with N-nitroso-N-methylurea on Selected Metabolic Parameters, Composition of the Microbiota Adhering to the Gut Epithelium and Antioxidant Status of Rats. Nutrients 2015; 7:5905-15. [PMID: 26193312 PMCID: PMC4517037 DOI: 10.3390/nu7075260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An objective of this work was to assess the biological activity of beetroot juice (Chrobry variety, Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris), which was lactofermented by probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus brevis 0944 and Lactobacillus paracasei 0920. The oxidative status of blood serum, kidneys, and liver of rats consuming the fermented beetroot juice were determined. The experimental rats were divided into four groups on diet type: Basal diet, basal diet supplemented with fermented beetroot juice, basal diet and N-nitroso-N-methylurea treatment, and basal diet supplemented with fermented beetroot juice and N-nitroso-N-methylurea treatment. Mutagen N-nitroso-N-methylurea, which was added to diet in order to induce aberrant oxidative and biochemical processes and disadvantageous changes in the count and metabolic activity of the gut epithelium microbiota. The nutritional in vivo study showed that supplementing the diet of the rats with the lactofermented beetroot juice reduced the level of ammonia by 17% in the group treated with N-nitroso-N-methylurea. Furthermore, the positive modulation of the gut microflora and its metabolic activity was observed in groups of rats fed with the diet supplemented with the fermented beetroot juice. A concomitant decrease in the b-glucuronidase activity was a consequence of the gut epithelium microbiota modulation. The antioxidant capacity of blood serum aqueous fraction was increased by about 69% in the group of rats treated N-nitroso-N-methylurea mixed with the fermented beetroot juice and N-nitroso-N-methylurea versus to the N-nitroso-N-methylurea treatment, whereas the antioxidant parameters of the blood serum lipid fraction, kidneys, and liver remained unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Klewicka
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 171/173 Wolczanska St., 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Zenon Zduńczyk
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research PAS, 10 Tuwima St., 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Juśkiewicz
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research PAS, 10 Tuwima St., 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Robert Klewicki
- Institute of Chemical Technology of Food, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 4/10 Stefanowskiego St. 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
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91
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Ryu JK, Lee HS, Koo BK, Kim HK. Comparison of the Biochemical Activities of Commercial Yogurts and Lactobacillus acidophilus-containing Yogurt. KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2015.47.2.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Ki Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Gimcheon University, Gimcheon 740-704, Korea
| | - Hyeong-Seon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Jungwon University, Chungbuk 367-700, Korea
| | - Bon-Kyung Koo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 135-710, Korea
| | - Hyun-Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Gimcheon University, Gimcheon 740-704, Korea
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92
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Amini Sarteshnizi R, Hosseini H, Bondarianzadeh D, Colmenero FJ, khaksar R. Optimization of prebiotic sausage formulation: Effect of using β-glucan and resistant starch by D-optimal mixture design approach. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2014.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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93
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Dasgupta N, Kumar Thakur B, Ta A, Das S. Caveolin-1 is transcribed from a hypermethylated promoter to mediate colonocyte differentiation and apoptosis. Exp Cell Res 2015; 334:323-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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94
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Parian AM, Limketkai BN, Shah ND, Mullin GE. Nutraceutical Supplements for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Nutr Clin Pract 2015; 30:551-8. [PMID: 26024677 DOI: 10.1177/0884533615586598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa M Parian
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Berkeley N Limketkai
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | - Neha D Shah
- Digestive Health Center, Stanford Health Care, Palo Alto, California
| | - Gerard E Mullin
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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95
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Optimisation of the reaction conditions for the production of cross-linked starch with high resistant starch content. Food Chem 2015; 174:173-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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96
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Keenan MJ, Zhou J, Hegsted M, Pelkman C, Durham HA, Coulon DB, Martin RJ. Role of resistant starch in improving gut health, adiposity, and insulin resistance. Adv Nutr 2015; 6:198-205. [PMID: 25770258 PMCID: PMC4352178 DOI: 10.3945/an.114.007419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The realization that low-glycemic index diets were formulated using resistant starch led to more than a decade of research on the health effects of resistant starch. Determination of the metabolizable energy of the resistant starch product allowed for the performance of isocaloric studies. Fermentation of resistant starch in rodent studies results in what appears to be a healthier gut, demonstrated by increased amounts of short-chain fatty acids, an apparent positive change in the microbiota, and increased gene expression for gene products involved in normal healthy proliferation and apoptosis of potential cancer cells. Additionally, consumption of resistant starch was associated with reduced abdominal fat and improved insulin sensitivity. Increased serum glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) likely plays a role in promoting these health benefits. One rodent study that did not use isocaloric diets demonstrated that the use of resistant starch at 8% of the weight of the diet reduced body fat. This appears to be approximately equivalent to the human fiber requirement. In human subjects, insulin sensitivity is increased with the feeding of resistant starch. However, only 1 of several studies reports an increase in serum GLP-1 associated with resistant starch added to the diet. This means that other mechanisms, such as increased intestinal gluconeogenesis or increased adiponectin, may be involved in the promotion of improved insulin sensitivity. Future research may confirm that there will be improved health if human individuals consume the requirement for dietary fiber and a large amount of the fiber is fermentable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - June Zhou
- Geriatric Endocrinology and Metabolism Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Maren Hegsted
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Wisconsin-Stout, Menomonie, WI
| | | | | | - Diana B Coulon
- Bioassay Core Laboratory, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA
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97
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Papadimitriou K, Zoumpopoulou G, Foligné B, Alexandraki V, Kazou M, Pot B, Tsakalidou E. Discovering probiotic microorganisms: in vitro, in vivo, genetic and omics approaches. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:58. [PMID: 25741323 PMCID: PMC4330916 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades the food industry has been revolutionized toward the production of functional foods due to an increasing awareness of the consumers on the positive role of food in wellbeing and health. By definition probiotic foods must contain live microorganisms in adequate amounts so as to be beneficial for the consumer’s health. There are numerous probiotic foods marketed today and many probiotic strains are commercially available. However, the question that arises is how to determine the real probiotic potential of microorganisms. This is becoming increasingly important, as even a superficial search of the relevant literature reveals that the number of proclaimed probiotics is growing fast. While the vast majority of probiotic microorganisms are food-related or commensal bacteria that are often regarded as safe, probiotics from other sources are increasingly being reported raising possible regulatory and safety issues. Potential probiotics are selected after in vitro or in vivo assays by evaluating simple traits such as resistance to the acidic conditions of the stomach or bile resistance, or by assessing their impact on complicated host functions such as immune development, metabolic function or gut–brain interaction. While final human clinical trials are considered mandatory for communicating health benefits, rather few strains with positive studies have been able to convince legal authorities with these health claims. Consequently, concern has been raised about the validity of the workflows currently used to characterize probiotics. In this review we will present an overview of the most common assays employed in screening for probiotics, highlighting the potential strengths and limitations of these approaches. Furthermore, we will focus on how the advent of omics technologies has reshaped our understanding of the biology of probiotics, allowing the exploration of novel routes for screening and studying such microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Papadimitriou
- Laboratory of Dairy Research, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens Greece
| | - Georgia Zoumpopoulou
- Laboratory of Dairy Research, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens Greece
| | - Benoit Foligné
- Bactéries Lactiques et Immunité des Muqueuses, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, CNRS UMR8204, Lille France
| | - Voula Alexandraki
- Laboratory of Dairy Research, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens Greece
| | - Maria Kazou
- Laboratory of Dairy Research, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens Greece
| | - Bruno Pot
- Bactéries Lactiques et Immunité des Muqueuses, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, CNRS UMR8204, Lille France
| | - Effie Tsakalidou
- Laboratory of Dairy Research, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens Greece
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98
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Kwak SH, Cho YM, Noh GM, Om AS. Cancer Preventive Potential of Kimchi Lactic Acid Bacteria (Weissella cibaria, Lactobacillus plantarum). J Cancer Prev 2014; 19:253-8. [PMID: 25574459 PMCID: PMC4285955 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2014.19.4.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of death due to cancer has been increasing in Korea. Chemotherapy is known to cause side effects because it damages not only cancerous cells but healthy cells. Recently, attention has focused on food-derived chemopreventive and anti-tumor agents or formulations with fewer side effects. Kimchi, most popular and widely consumed in Korea, contains high levels of lactic acid bacteria and has been shown to possess chemopreventive effects. This review focuses on Weissella cibaria and Lactobacillus plantarum, the representatives of kimchi lactic acid bacteria, in terms of their abilities to prevent cancer. Further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms by which lactic acid bacteria in kimchi prevent carcinogenic processes and improve immune functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Hye Kwak
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Toxicology, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Mi Cho
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Toxicology, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Geon-Min Noh
- Functional Food and Nutrition Division, Department of Agrofood Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Wanju, Korea
| | - Ae-Son Om
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Toxicology, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
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99
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Jose NM, Bunt CR, Hussain MA. Implications of Antibiotic Resistance in Probiotics. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2014.961075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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100
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Mao B, Li D, Zhao J, Liu X, Gu Z, Chen YQ, Zhang H, Chen W. In vitro fermentation of lactulose by human gut bacteria. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:10970-10977. [PMID: 25340538 DOI: 10.1021/jf503484d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Lactulose has been known as a prebiotic that can selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. Recent studies have indicated that Streptococcus mutans, Clostridium perfringens, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii are also able to utilize lactulose. However, the previous studies mainly focused on the utilization of lactulose by individual strains, and few studies were designed to identify the species that could utilize lactulose among gut microbiota. This study aimed to identify lactulose-metabolizing bacteria in the human gut, using in silico and traditional culture methods. The prediction results suggested that genes for the transporters and glycosidases of lactulose are well distributed in the genomes of 222 of 453 strains of gastrointestinal-tract bacteria. The screening assays identified 35 species with the ability to utilize lactulose, of which Cronobacter sakazakii, Enterococcus faecium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas putida were reported for the first time to be capable of utilizing lactulose. In addition, significant correlations between lactulose and galactooligosaccharide metabolism were found. Thus, more attention should be paid to bacteria besides bifidobacteria and lactobacilli to further investigate the relationship between functional oligosaccharides and gut bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyong Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
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