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White matter microstructure correlates with mathematics but not word reading performance in 13-year-old children born very preterm and full-term. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 24:101944. [PMID: 31426019 PMCID: PMC6706654 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Individuals born very preterm (VPT; <32 weeks' gestational age) are at increased risk of impaired mathematics and word reading performance, as well as widespread white matter microstructural alterations compared with individuals born full term (FT; ≥37 weeks' gestational age). To date, the link between academic performance and white matter microstructure is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the associations between mathematics and reading performance with white matter microstructure in 114 VPT and 36 FT 13-year-old children. Additionally, we aimed to investigate whether the association of mathematics and reading performance with white matter microstructure in VPT children varied as a function of impairment. To do this, we used diffusion tensor imaging and advanced diffusion modelling techniques (Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging and the Spherical Mean Technique), combined with a whole-brain analysis approach (Tract-Based Spatial Statistics). Mathematics performance across VPT and FT groups was positively associated with white matter microstructural measurements of fractional anisotropy and neurite density, and negatively associated with radial and mean diffusivities in widespread, bilateral regions. Furthermore, VPT children with a mathematics impairment (>1 standard deviation below FT mean) had significantly reduced neurite density compared with VPT children without an impairment. Reading performance was not significantly associated with any of the white matter microstructure parameters. Additionally, the associations between white matter microstructure and mathematics and reading performance did not differ significantly between VPT and FT groups. Our findings suggest that alterations in white matter microstructure, and more specifically lower neurite density, are associated with poorer mathematics performance in 13-year-old VPT and FT children. More research is required to understand the association between reading performance and white matter microstructure in 13-year-old children. Diffusion tensor and neurite density metrics were associated with mathematics. Associations were present in very preterm and full-term children. Associations were widespread throughout the white matter microstructure. Decreased neurite density was evident in children with a mathematics impairment. Limited evidence of associations between white matter microstructure and reading.
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52
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Winkler AM, Greve DN, Bjuland KJ, Nichols TE, Sabuncu MR, Håberg AK, Skranes J, Rimol LM. Joint Analysis of Cortical Area and Thickness as a Replacement for the Analysis of the Volume of the Cerebral Cortex. Cereb Cortex 2019; 28:738-749. [PMID: 29190325 PMCID: PMC5972607 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortical surface area is an increasingly used brain morphology metric that is ontogenetically and phylogenetically distinct from cortical thickness and offers a separate index of neurodevelopment and disease. However, the various existing methods for assessment of cortical surface area from magnetic resonance images have never been systematically compared. We show that the surface area method implemented in FreeSurfer corresponds closely to the exact, but computationally more demanding, mass-conservative (pycnophylactic) method, provided that images are smoothed. Thus, the data produced by this method can be interpreted as estimates of cortical surface area, as opposed to areal expansion. In addition, focusing on the joint analysis of thickness and area, we compare an improved, analytic method for measuring cortical volume to a permutation-based nonparametric combination (NPC) method. We use the methods to analyze area, thickness and volume in young adults born preterm with very low birth weight, and show that NPC analysis is a more sensitive option for studying joint effects on area and thickness, giving equal weight to variation in both of these 2 morphological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson M Winkler
- Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.,Big Data Analytics Group, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP 05652-900, Brazil
| | - Douglas N Greve
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital/ Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Knut J Bjuland
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7030, Norway
| | - Thomas E Nichols
- Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.,Oxford Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Mert R Sabuncu
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Asta K Håberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7030, Norway.,Department of Radiology, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim 7030, Norway
| | - Jon Skranes
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7030, Norway.,Department of Pediatrics, Sørlandet Hospital, 4838 Arendal, Norway
| | - Lars M Rimol
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7030, Norway.,Norwegian Advisory Unit for Functional MRI, Department of Radiology, St. Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim 7006, Norway
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53
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Petrenko V, van de Looij Y, Mihhailova J, Salmon P, Hüppi PS, Sizonenko SV, Kiss JZ. Multimodal MRI Imaging of Apoptosis-Triggered Microstructural Alterations in the Postnatal Cerebral Cortex. Cereb Cortex 2019; 28:949-962. [PMID: 28158611 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prematurely born children often develop neurodevelopmental delay that has been correlated with reduced growth and microstructural alterations in the cerebral cortex. Much research has focused on apoptotic neuronal cell death as a key neuropathological features following preterm brain injuries. How scattered apoptotic death of neurons may contribute to microstructural alterations remains unknown. The present study investigated in a rat model the effects of targeted neuronal apoptosis on cortical microstructure using in vivo MRI imaging combined with neuronal reconstruction and histological analysis. We describe that mild, targeted death of layer IV neurons in the developing rat cortex induces MRI-defined metabolic and microstructural alterations including increased cortical fractional anisotropy. Delayed architectural modifications in cortical gray matter and myelin abnormalities in the subcortical white matter such as hypomyelination and microglia activation follow the acute phase of neuronal death and axonal degeneration. These results establish the link between mild cortical apoptosis and MRI-defined microstructure changes that are reminiscent to those previously observed in preterm babies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr Petrenko
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yohan van de Looij
- Division of Child Growth & Development, Department of Pediatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jevgenia Mihhailova
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Salmon
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Petra S Hüppi
- Division of Child Growth & Development, Department of Pediatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane V Sizonenko
- Division of Child Growth & Development, Department of Pediatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jozsef Z Kiss
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
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54
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Jin C, Li Y, Li X, Liu C, Wang M, Cheng Y, Zheng J, Yang J. Associations of gestational age and birth anthropometric indicators with brain white matter maturation in full-term neonates. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 40:3620-3630. [PMID: 31056805 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Newborn assessments, including gestational age (GA) and anthropometric measurements (birth weight, crown-heel length, head circumference) are routinely performed in pediatric settings, being used as important indicators in assessing neonatal development. Close associations of these birth indicators with later cognitive abilities were also reported. However, specific associations of these indicators with white matter (WM) development during the neonatal period remain unclear, as well as the extent to which they influence WM maturation. To address this issue, 51 full-term neonates (GA range, 37-42 weeks) with no abnormalities on MRI were retrospectively recruited. Specific correlations between birth indicators and WM maturation, quantified by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-metrics (fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity, radial diffusivity), were identified by using DTI tract-based spatial statistics and automated fiber-tract quantification. Our findings suggest that (a) higher GA, birth weight, and crown-heel length may indicate greater WM maturation in full-term neonates, while head circumference presented weak correlation with WM maturation during early newborn period; (b) among the four indicators examined, GA was the one most associated with WM maturation. We believe that this study advances our knowledge of specific correlations between birth indicators and neonatal brain development and provides a valuable reference for future neonatal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Jin
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China.,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China.,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Xianjun Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China.,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Congcong Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China.,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China.,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Yannan Cheng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China.,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China.,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
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55
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Groeschel S, Holmström L, Northam G, Tournier JD, Baldeweg T, Latal B, Caflisch J, Vollmer B. Motor Abilities in Adolescents Born Preterm Are Associated With Microstructure of the Corpus Callosum. Front Neurol 2019; 10:367. [PMID: 31040815 PMCID: PMC6476930 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Preterm birth is associated with increased risk of neuromotor impairment. Rates of major neuromotor impairment (cerebral palsy) have decreased; however, in a large proportion of those who do not develop cerebral palsy impaired neuromotor function is observed and this often has implications for everyday life. The aim of this study was to investigate motor performance in preterm born adolescents without cerebral palsy, and to examine associations with alterations of motor system pathway structure. Design/Methods: Thirty-two adolescents (12 males) without cerebral palsy, born before 33 weeks of gestation (mean 27.4 weeks, SD 2.4; birth weight mean 1,084.5 g; SD 387.2), treated at a single tertiary unit, were assessed (median age 16 years; min 14, max 18). Timed performance and quality of movements were assessed with the Zürich Neuromotor Assessment. Neuroimaging included Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging for tractography of the major motor tracts and measurement of fractional anisotropy as a measure of microstructure of the tracts along the major motor pathways. Separate analyses were conducted for areas with predominantly single and predominantly crossing fiber regions. Results: Motor performance in both tasks assessing timed performance and quality of movements, was poorer than expected in the preterm group in relation to norm population. The strongest significant correlations were seen between performance in tasks assessing movement quality and fractional anisotropy in corpus callosum fibers connecting primary motor, primary somatosensory and premotor areas. In addition, timed motor performance was significantly related to fractional anisotropy in the cortico-spinal and thalamo-cortical to premotor area fibers, and the corpus callosum. Conclusions: Impairments in motor abilities are present in preterm born adolescents without major neuromotor impairment and in the absence of focal brain injury. Altered microstructure of the corpus callosum microstructure appears a crucial factor, in particular for movement quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Groeschel
- Department of Child Neurology, Children's Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Linda Holmström
- Neuropaediatric Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gemma Northam
- Developmental Neurosciences Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - J-Donald Tournier
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Torsten Baldeweg
- Developmental Neurosciences Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Beatrice Latal
- Child Development Center and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jon Caflisch
- Child Development Center and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Brigitte Vollmer
- Neuropaediatric Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.,Clinical Neurosciences, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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56
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Dubner SE, Dodson CK, Marchman VA, Ben-Shachar M, Feldman HM, Travis KE. White matter microstructure and cognitive outcomes in relation to neonatal inflammation in 6-year-old children born preterm. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 23:101832. [PMID: 31075555 PMCID: PMC6603335 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive outcomes in preterm (PT) children have been associated with microstructural properties of white matter. PT children who experienced neonatal inflammatory conditions have poorer cognitive outcomes than those who did not. The goal of this study was to contrast white matter microstructure and cognitive outcomes after preterm birth in relation to the presence or absence of severe inflammatory conditions in the neonatal period. METHODS PT children (n = 35), born at gestational age 22-32 weeks, were classified as either PT+ (n = 12) based on a neonatal history of inflammatory conditions, including bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis or culture positive sepsis, or PT- (n = 23) based on the absence of the three inflammatory conditions. Full term (FT) children (n = 43) served as controls. Participants underwent diffusion MRI and cognitive testing (intelligence, reading, and executive function) at age 6 years. The corpus callosum was segmented into 7 regions using deterministic tractography and based on the cortical projection zones of the callosal fibers. Mean fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were calculated for each segment. General linear models with planned contrasts assessed group differences in FA, MD and cognitive outcomes. Pearson correlations assessed associations of white matter metrics and cognitive outcome measures. RESULTS FA was significantly lower and MD was significantly higher in PT+ compared to PT- or FT groups in multiple callosal segments, even after adjusting for gestational age. Executive function scores, but not intelligence or reading scores, were less favorable in PT+ than in PT- groups. Among the entire sample, occipital FA was significantly correlated with IQ (r = 0.25, p < 0.05), reading (r = 0.32, p < 0.01), and executive function (r = -0.28, p < 0.05) measures. Anterior frontal FA and superior parietal FA were significantly correlated with executive function (r = -0.25, r = 0.23, respectively, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS We observed differences in the white matter microstructure of the corpus callosum and in the cognitive skills of 6-year-old PT children based on their history of neonatal inflammation. Neonatal inflammation is one medical factor that may contribute to variation in long-term neurobiological and neuropsychological outcomes in PT samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Dubner
- Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Cory K Dodson
- Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Michal Ben-Shachar
- The Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel; Department of English Literature and Linguistics, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Heidi M Feldman
- Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Katherine E Travis
- Division of Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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57
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Ye C, Li X, Chen J. A deep network for tissue microstructure estimation using modified LSTM units. Med Image Anal 2019; 55:49-64. [PMID: 31022640 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) offers a unique tool for noninvasively assessing tissue microstructure. However, accurate estimation of tissue microstructure described by complicated signal models can be challenging when a reduced number of diffusion gradients are used. Deep learning based microstructure estimation has recently been developed and achieved promising results. In particular, optimization-based learning, where deep network structures are constructed by unfolding the iterative processes performed for solving optimization problems, has demonstrated great potential in accurate microstructure estimation with a reduced number of diffusion gradients. In this work, using the optimization-based learning strategy, we propose a deep network structure that is motivated by the use of historical information in iterative optimization for tissue microstructure estimation, and such incorporation of historical information has not been previously explored in the design of deep networks for microstructure estimation. We assume that (1) diffusion signals can be sparsely represented by a dictionary and its coefficients jointly in the spatial and angular domain, and (2) tissue microstructure can be computed from the sparse representation. Following these assumptions, our network comprises two cascaded stages. The first stage takes image patches as input and computes the spatial-angular sparse representation of the input with learned weights. Specifically, the network structure in the first stage is constructed by unfolding an iterative process for solving sparse reconstruction problems, where historical information is incorporated. The components in this network can be shown to correspond to modified long short-term memory (LSTM) units. In the second stage, fully connected layers are added to compute the mapping from the sparse representation to tissue microstructure. The weights in the two stages are learned jointly by minimizing the mean squared error of microstructure estimation. Experiments were performed on dMRI scans with a reduced number of diffusion gradients. For demonstration, we evaluated the estimation of tissue microstructure described by three signal models: the neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) model, the spherical mean technique (SMT) model, and the ensemble average propagator (EAP) model. The results indicate that the proposed approach outperforms competing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuyang Ye
- School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiuli Li
- Deepwise AI Lab, Beijing, China; Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingnan Chen
- School of Economics and Management, Beihang University, Beijing, 37 Xueyuan Road, 100191, China.
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58
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Hedderich DM, Bäuml JG, Berndt MT, Menegaux A, Scheef L, Daamen M, Zimmer C, Bartmann P, Boecker H, Wolke D, Gaser C, Sorg C. Aberrant gyrification contributes to the link between gestational age and adult IQ after premature birth. Brain 2019; 142:1255-1269. [DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis M Hedderich
- TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Josef G Bäuml
- TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Maria T Berndt
- TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Aurore Menegaux
- TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences GSN, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lukas Scheef
- Functional Neuroimaging Group, Department of Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marcel Daamen
- Functional Neuroimaging Group, Department of Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Claus Zimmer
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Bartmann
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Henning Boecker
- Functional Neuroimaging Group, Department of Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dieter Wolke
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Christian Gaser
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Sorg
- TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Therapeutic N-Acetyl-Cysteine (Nac) Following Initiation of Maternal Inflammation Attenuates Long-Term Offspring Cerebral Injury, as Evident in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Neuroscience 2019; 403:118-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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60
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Pascoe MJ, Melzer TR, Horwood LJ, Woodward LJ, Darlow BA. Altered grey matter volume, perfusion and white matter integrity in very low birthweight adults. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 22:101780. [PMID: 30925384 PMCID: PMC6438988 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the long-term effects of being born very-low-birth-weight (VLBW, <1500 g) on adult cerebral structural development using a multi-method neuroimaging approach. The New Zealand VLBW study cohort comprised 413 individuals born VLBW in 1986. Of the 338 who survived to discharge, 229 were assessed at age 27–29 years. Of these, 150 had a 3 T MRI scan alongside 50 healthy term-born controls. The VLBW group included 53/57 participants born <28 weeks gestation. MRI analyses included: a) structural MRI to assess grey matter (GM) volume and cortical thickness; b) arterial spin labelling (ASL) to quantify GM perfusion; and c) diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to measure white matter (WM) integrity. Compared to controls, VLBW adults had smaller GM volumes within frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital cortices, bilateral cingulate gyri and left caudate, as well as greater GM volumes in frontal, temporal and occipital areas. Thinner cortex was observed within frontal, temporal and parietal cortices. VLBW adults also had less GM perfusion within limited temporal areas, bilateral hippocampi and thalami. Finally, lower fractional anisotropy (FA) and axial diffusivity (AD) within principal WM tracts was observed in VLBW subjects. Within the VLBW group, birthweight was positively correlated with GM volume and perfusion in cortical and subcortical regions, as well as FA and AD across numerous principal WM tracts. Between group differences within temporal cortices were evident across all imaging modalities, suggesting that the temporal lobe may be particularly susceptible to disruption in development following preterm birth. Overall, findings reveal enduring and pervasive effects of preterm birth on brain structural development, with individuals born at lower birthweights having greater long-term neuropathology. Very-low-birth-weight adults had smaller GM volumes and thinner cortex than controls. VLBW adults also showed regions of larger grey matter volumes and thicker cortex. Several small regions showed lower cerebral perfusion in VLBW adults than in controls. Diffusion tensor MRI suggested poorer WM integrity in VLBW adults than in controls. Within VLBW adults, all MRI measures showed positive associations with birthweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddie J Pascoe
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand.
| | - Tracy R Melzer
- New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand; Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand.
| | - L John Horwood
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand.
| | - Lianne J Woodward
- School of Health Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand.
| | - Brian A Darlow
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand.
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61
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Reduced white matter fractional anisotropy mediates cortical thickening in adults born preterm with very low birthweight. Neuroimage 2019; 188:217-227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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62
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Domin M, Lotze M. Parcellation of motor cortex-associated regions in the human corpus callosum on the basis of Human Connectome Project data. Brain Struct Funct 2019; 224:1447-1455. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-019-01849-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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63
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Jiang H, Li X, Jin C, Wang M, Liu C, Chan KC, Yang J. Early Diagnosis of Spastic Cerebral Palsy in Infants with Periventricular White Matter Injury Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:162-168. [PMID: 30545838 PMCID: PMC7048607 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Periventricular white matter injury is the common cause of spastic cerebral palsy. However, the early diagnosis of spastic cerebral palsy still remains a challenge. Our aim was to investigate whether infants with periventricular white matter injury with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy have unique lesions different from those in infants without cerebral palsy and to evaluate the efficiency of DTI in the early diagnosis of spastic cerebral palsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Infants with periventricular white matter injury and controls underwent MR imaging at 6-18 months of age. Fractional anisotropy was calculated from DTI. Cerebral palsy was diagnosed by 24-30 months of age. Subjects were divided into 3 groups: infants with periventricular white matter injury with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy, infants with periventricular white matter injury without cerebral palsy, and controls. Tract-Based Spatial Statistics and Automated Fiber Quantification were used to investigate intergroup differences. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to assess the diagnostic accuracy of spastic cerebral palsy. Correlations between motor function scores and fractional anisotropy were evaluated along white matter tracts. RESULTS There were 20, 19, and 33 subjects in periventricular white matter injury with spastic cerebral palsy, periventricular white matter injury without cerebral palsy, and control groups, respectively. Decreased fractional anisotropy in the corticospinal tract was only observed in infants with periventricular white matter injury with spastic cerebral palsy, whereas decreased fractional anisotropy in the posterior thalamic radiation and genu and splenium of the corpus callosum was seen in both periventricular white matter injury subgroups. Fractional anisotropy in the corticospinal tract at the internal capsule level was effective in differentiating infants with periventricular white matter injury with spastic cerebral palsy from those without cerebral palsy by a threshold of 0.53, and it had strong correlations with motor function scores. CONCLUSIONS Corticospinal tract lesions play a crucial role in motor impairment related to spastic cerebral palsy in infants with periventricular white matter injury. Fractional anisotropy in the corticospinal tract at the internal capsule level could aid in the early diagnosis of spastic cerebral palsy with high diagnostic accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Jiang
- From the Department of Radiology (H.J., X.L., C.J., M.W., C.L., J.Y.), First Affiliated Hospital
- Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.J., J.Y.), Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - X Li
- From the Department of Radiology (H.J., X.L., C.J., M.W., C.L., J.Y.), First Affiliated Hospital
| | - C Jin
- From the Department of Radiology (H.J., X.L., C.J., M.W., C.L., J.Y.), First Affiliated Hospital
| | - M Wang
- From the Department of Radiology (H.J., X.L., C.J., M.W., C.L., J.Y.), First Affiliated Hospital
| | - C Liu
- From the Department of Radiology (H.J., X.L., C.J., M.W., C.L., J.Y.), First Affiliated Hospital
| | - K C Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Radiology (K.C.C.), School of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York
| | - J Yang
- From the Department of Radiology (H.J., X.L., C.J., M.W., C.L., J.Y.), First Affiliated Hospital
- Department of Biomedical Engineering (H.J., J.Y.), Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Trajectories of behavior, attention, social and emotional problems from childhood to early adulthood following extremely preterm birth: a prospective cohort study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2019; 28:531-542. [PMID: 30191335 PMCID: PMC6445809 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-018-1219-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To investigate trajectories of behavior, attention, social and emotional problems to early adulthood in extremely preterm survivors compared to a term-born comparison group. Longitudinal analysis of a prospective, population-based cohort of 315 surviving infants born < 26 completed weeks of gestation recruited at birth in 1995, from the UK/Republic of Ireland, and a term-born comparison group recruited at age 6. The parent-report Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was completed at age 6, 11, 16 and 19 years. The Total Behavioral Difficulties Score was 4.81 points higher in extremely preterm individuals compared to their term-born peers over the period (95% CI 3.76-5.87, p < 0.001) and trajectories were stable in both groups. The impact of difficulties on home life, friendships, school or work and/or leisure activities was greater in the EPT group (RR 4.28, 95% CI 2.89-6.35, p < 0.001), and hyperactivity/inattention and peer problems accounted for the largest differences. A clinically significant behavioral screen at age 2.5 was associated with a higher Total Behavioral Difficulties Score from 6 years onwards in extremely preterm participants (Mean difference 6.90, 95% CI 5.01-8.70, p < 0.0.01), as was moderate/severe cognitive impairment at last assessment (Mean difference: 4.27, 95% CI 2.76-5.77, p < 0.001). Attention, social and emotional problems in extremely preterm individuals persist into early adulthood with significant impact on daily life. A positive behavioral screen in infancy and moderate/severe cognitive impairment are associated with early adult outcomes.
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Rogers CE, Lean RE, Wheelock MD, Smyser CD. Aberrant structural and functional connectivity and neurodevelopmental impairment in preterm children. J Neurodev Disord 2018; 10:38. [PMID: 30541449 PMCID: PMC6291944 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-018-9253-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite advances in antenatal and neonatal care, preterm birth remains a leading cause of neurological disabilities in children. Infants born prematurely, particularly those delivered at the earliest gestational ages, commonly demonstrate increased rates of impairment across multiple neurodevelopmental domains. Indeed, the current literature establishes that preterm birth is a leading risk factor for cerebral palsy, is associated with executive function deficits, increases risk for impaired receptive and expressive language skills, and is linked with higher rates of co-occurring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety, and autism spectrum disorders. These same infants also demonstrate elevated rates of aberrant cerebral structural and functional connectivity, with persistent changes evident across advanced magnetic resonance imaging modalities as early as the neonatal period. Emerging findings from cross-sectional and longitudinal investigations increasingly suggest that aberrant connectivity within key functional networks and white matter tracts may underlie the neurodevelopmental impairments common in this population. Main body This review begins by highlighting the elevated rates of neurodevelopmental disorders across domains in this clinical population, describes the patterns of aberrant structural and functional connectivity common in prematurely-born infants and children, and then reviews the increasingly established body of literature delineating the relationship between these brain abnormalities and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. We also detail important, typically understudied, clinical, and social variables that may influence these relationships among preterm children, including heritability and psychosocial risks. Conclusion Future work in this domain should continue to leverage longitudinal evaluations of preterm infants which include both neuroimaging and detailed serial neurodevelopmental assessments to further characterize relationships between imaging measures and impairment, information necessary for advancing our understanding of modifiable risk factors underlying these disorders and best practices for improving neurodevelopmental trajectories in this high-risk clinical population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia E Rogers
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8504, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Rachel E Lean
- Departments of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8504, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Muriah D Wheelock
- Departments of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8504, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Christopher D Smyser
- Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics and Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8111, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
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Exogenous Neural Precursor Cell Transplantation Results in Structural and Functional Recovery in a Hypoxic-Ischemic Hemiplegic Mouse Model. eNeuro 2018; 5:eN-NWR-0369-18. [PMID: 30713997 PMCID: PMC6354788 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0369-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a common pediatric neurodevelopmental disorder, frequently resulting in motor and developmental deficits and often accompanied by cognitive impairments. A regular pathobiological hallmark of CP is oligodendrocyte maturation impairment resulting in white matter (WM) injury and reduced axonal myelination. Regeneration therapies based on cell replacement are currently limited, but neural precursor cells (NPCs), as cellular support for myelination, represent a promising regeneration strategy to treat CP, although the transplantation parameters (e.g., timing, dosage, mechanism) remain to be determined. We optimized a hemiplegic mouse model of neonatal hypoxia-ischemia that mirrors the pathobiological hallmarks of CP and transplanted NPCs into the corpus callosum (CC), a major white matter structure impacted in CP patients. The NPCs survived, engrafted, and differentiated morphologically in male and female mice. Histology and MRI showed repair of lesioned structures. Furthermore, electrophysiology revealed functional myelination of the CC (e.g., restoration of conduction velocity), while cylinder and CatWalk tests demonstrated motor recovery of the affected forelimb. Endogenous oligodendrocytes, recruited in the CC following transplantation of exogenous NPCs, are the principal actors in this recovery process. The lack of differentiation of the transplanted NPCs is consistent with enhanced recovery due to an indirect mechanism, such as a trophic and/or “bio-bridge” support mediated by endogenous oligodendrocytes. Our work establishes that transplantation of NPCs represents a viable therapeutic strategy for CP treatment, and that the enhanced recovery is mediated by endogenous oligodendrocytes. This will further our understanding and contribute to the improvement of cellular therapeutic strategies.
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67
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Bolduc ME, Lambert H, Ganeshamoorthy S, Brossard-Racine M. Structural brain abnormalities in adolescents and young adults with congenital heart defect: a systematic review. Dev Med Child Neurol 2018; 60:1209-1224. [PMID: 30028505 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.13975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM The primary objective of this systematic review is to define and quantify brain structural abnormalities present in adolescents and young adults with complex congenital heart defect (CHD). We also aim to evaluate the extent to which these structural abnormalities are associated with functional outcomes. METHOD A search of studies examining brain structure by magnetic resonance imaging in adolescents and young adults with complex CHD was performed in Embase, MEDLINE, and Web of Science. A meta-analysis was conducted to determine the odds of brain abnormalities in young people with CHD. Results not included in the meta-analysis were collated using descriptive statistics. RESULTS Two hundred and fifty-four studies were identified through the literature search. Among these, 14 original studies were included in the review. The odds of brain abnormalities in young people with CHD were 7.9 times higher (p<0.001) than in typically developing comparison individuals. Focal and multifocal lesions were the most common types of abnormality (odds ratio 22.5 [p<0.001]). Preliminary evidence from volumetric, cortical, and microstructural integrity measurements suggests that brain abnormalities are associated with poorer neurocognitive outcomes. INTERPRETATION This review provides strong evidence that adolescents and young adults with CHD are at increased risk of presenting with structural brain abnormalities and highlights the contribution of advanced quantitative magnetic resonance imaging techniques to identify the subtle but frequent brain alterations in this population. However, more studies are needed to clarify how these abnormalities relate to function. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS There is a high prevalence of brain abnormalities in young people with congenital heart defect (CHD). Brain volumes, cortical measurements, and white matter microstructure are altered in young people with CHD. Brain abnormalities are associated with poorer function in young people with CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Eve Bolduc
- Advances in Brain and Child Development Research Laboratory, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Heather Lambert
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylviya Ganeshamoorthy
- Advances in Brain and Child Development Research Laboratory, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie Brossard-Racine
- Advances in Brain and Child Development Research Laboratory, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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68
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Van Lieshout RJ, Ferro MA, Schmidt LA, Boyle MH, Saigal S, Morrison KM, Mathewson KJ. Trajectories of psychopathology in extremely low birth weight survivors from early adolescence to adulthood: a 20-year longitudinal study. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2018; 59:1192-1200. [PMID: 29667718 PMCID: PMC6193866 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.12909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals born extremely preterm are exposed to significant perinatal stresses that are associated with an increased risk of psychopathology. However, a paucity of longitudinal studies has prevented the empirical examination of long-term, dynamic effects of perinatal adversity on mental health. Here, internalizing and externalizing problems from adolescence through adulthood were compared in individuals born at extremely low birth weight (ELBW; <1,000 g) and normal birth weight (NBW; >2,500 g). METHODS Internalizing and externalizing data were collected over 20 years in three waves, during adolescence, young adulthood, and adulthood. Growth models were used to compare longitudinal trajectories in a geographically based sample of 151 ELBW survivors and 137 NBW control participants born between 1977 and 1982 matched for age, sex, and socioeconomic status at age 8. RESULTS After adjusting for sex, socioeconomic and immigrant status, and family functioning, ELBW survivors failed to show the normative, age-related decline in internalizing problems over time relative to their NBW peers (β = .21; p < .01). Both groups exhibited small declines in externalizing problems over the same period. Self-esteem (but not physical health, IQ, or maternal mood) partially mediated the association between ELBW status and internalizing problems. CONCLUSIONS Extremely low birth weight survivors experienced a blunting of the expected improvement in depression and anxiety from adolescence to adulthood. These findings suggest that altered physiological regulatory systems supporting emotional and cognitive processing may contribute to the maintenance of internalizing problems in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark A. Ferro
- University of Waterloo, School of Public Health and Health Systems
| | - Louis A. Schmidt
- McMaster University, Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour
| | - Michael H. Boyle
- McMaster University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences
| | | | | | - Karen J. Mathewson
- McMaster University, Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour
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69
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Sripada K, Bjuland KJ, Sølsnes AE, Håberg AK, Grunewaldt KH, Løhaugen GC, Rimol LM, Skranes J. Trajectories of brain development in school-age children born preterm with very low birth weight. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15553. [PMID: 30349084 PMCID: PMC6197262 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33530-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth (gestational age < 37 weeks) with very low birth weight (VLBW, birth weight ≤ 1500 g) is associated with lifelong cognitive deficits, including in executive function, and persistent alterations in cortical and subcortical structures. However, it remains unclear whether “catch-up” growth is possible in the preterm/VLBW brain. Longitudinal structural MRI was conducted with children born preterm with VLBW (n = 41) and term-born peers participating in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) (n = 128) at two timepoints in early school age (mean ages 8.0 and 9.3 years). Images were analyzed with the FreeSurfer 5.3.0 longitudinal stream to assess differences in development of cortical thickness, surface area, and brain structure volumes, as well as associations with executive function development (NEPSY Statue and WMS-III Spatial Span scores) and perinatal health markers. No longitudinal group × time effects in cortical thickness, surface area, or subcortical volumes were seen, indicating similar brain growth trajectories in the groups over an approximately 16-month period in middle childhood. Higher IQ scores within the VLBW group were associated with greater surface area in left parieto-occipital and inferior temporal regions. Among VLBW preterm-born children, cortical surface area was smaller across the cortical mantle, and cortical thickness was thicker occipitally and frontally and thinner in lateral parietal and posterior temporal areas. Smaller volumes of corpus callosum, right globus pallidus, and right thalamus persisted in the VLBW group from timepoint 1 to 2. VLBW children had on average IQ 1 SD below term-born MoBa peers and significantly worse scores on WMS-III Spatial Span. Executive function scores did not show differential associations with morphometry between groups cross-sectionally or longitudinally. This study investigated divergent or “catch-up” growth in terms of cortical thickness, surface area, and volumes of subcortical gray matter structures and corpus callosum in children born preterm/VLBW and did not find group × time interactions. Greater surface area at mean age 9.3 in left parieto-occipital and inferior temporal cortex was associated with higher IQ in the VLBW group. These results suggest that preterm VLBW children may have altered cognitive networks, yet have structural growth trajectories that appear generally similar to their term-born peers in this early school age window.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sripada
- Department of Clinical & Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science & Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - K J Bjuland
- Department of Pediatrics, Sørlandet Hospital, Arendal, Norway
| | - A E Sølsnes
- Department of Clinical & Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science & Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - A K Håberg
- Department of Neuromedicine & Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science & Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - K H Grunewaldt
- Department of Clinical & Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science & Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Pediatrics, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - G C Løhaugen
- Department of Pediatrics, Sørlandet Hospital, Arendal, Norway
| | - L M Rimol
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Circulation & Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science & Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - J Skranes
- Department of Clinical & Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science & Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Pediatrics, Sørlandet Hospital, Arendal, Norway
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Tymofiyeva O, Gano D, Trevino RJ, Glass HC, Flynn T, Lundy SM, McQuillen PS, Ferriero DM, Barkovich AJ, Xu D. Aberrant Structural Brain Connectivity in Adolescents with Attentional Problems Who Were Born Prematurely. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:2140-2147. [PMID: 30337433 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Differences in structural brain connectivity that underlie inattention have been previously investigated in adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, but not in the context of premature birth, which is often associated with attentional problems. The purpose of this study was to identify the neural correlates of attentional problems in adolescents born prematurely and determine neonatal predictors of those neural correlates and attention problems. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 24 adolescents (12.5 ± 1.8 years of age; 12 girls, 12 boys) who were born prematurely and underwent MR imaging of the brain and cognitive assessment, both shortly after birth and as adolescents. Structural connectivity was assessed at adolescence using diffusion tensor imaging and tractography. RESULTS Of the 24 subjects, 12 had attention deficits. A set of axonal pathways connecting the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes had significantly lower fractional anisotropy in subjects with attentional problems. The temporoparietal connection between the left precuneus and left middle temporal gyrus was the most significantly underconnected interlobar axonal pathway. Low birth weight and ventriculomegaly, but not white matter injury or intraventricular hemorrhage on neonatal MR imaging, predicted temporoparietal hypoconnectivity in adolescence. However, neither birth weight nor other neonatal characteristics were associated with attention deficits directly. CONCLUSIONS We identified an aberrant structural brain connectivity pattern, involving temporoparietal hypoconnectivity, in prematurely born adolescents with attentional problems. We also identified birth weight as a potential neonatal predictor of the temporoparietal hypoconnectivity. These findings add to our understanding of the neural basis and etiology of inattention in adolescents after premature birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Tymofiyeva
- From the Departments of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging (O.T., R.J.T., T.F., A.J.B., D.X.)
| | - D Gano
- Neurology (D.G., H.C.G., D.M.F.).,Pediatrics (D.G., H.C.G., S.M.L., P.S.M., D.M.F.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco. California
| | - R J Trevino
- From the Departments of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging (O.T., R.J.T., T.F., A.J.B., D.X.)
| | - H C Glass
- Neurology (D.G., H.C.G., D.M.F.).,Pediatrics (D.G., H.C.G., S.M.L., P.S.M., D.M.F.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco. California
| | - T Flynn
- From the Departments of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging (O.T., R.J.T., T.F., A.J.B., D.X.)
| | - S M Lundy
- Pediatrics (D.G., H.C.G., S.M.L., P.S.M., D.M.F.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco. California
| | - P S McQuillen
- Pediatrics (D.G., H.C.G., S.M.L., P.S.M., D.M.F.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco. California
| | - D M Ferriero
- Neurology (D.G., H.C.G., D.M.F.).,Pediatrics (D.G., H.C.G., S.M.L., P.S.M., D.M.F.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco. California
| | - A J Barkovich
- From the Departments of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging (O.T., R.J.T., T.F., A.J.B., D.X.)
| | - D Xu
- From the Departments of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging (O.T., R.J.T., T.F., A.J.B., D.X.)
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Altered transcallosal inhibition evidenced by transcranial magnetic stimulation highlights neurophysiological consequences of premature birth in early adulthood. J Neurol Sci 2018; 393:18-23. [PMID: 30098499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2018.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE A very preterm birth can induce deleterious neurophysiological consequences beyond childhood; alterations of the corpus callosum (CC) are reported in adolescents born very preterm along with cognitive impairments. The question remains whether neurophysiological alterations are still detectable in adulthood such as an alteration in CC inhibitory function. The aim of the present study was thus to examine transcallosal inhibition in young adults born very preterm compared to counterparts born at term. STUDY PARTICIPANTS & METHODS Transcallosal inhibition was probed by measuring the ipsilateral silent period (iSP) using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in 13 young adults born at 33w of gestation or less (20 ± 3. 2y) and 12 young adults born at term (22 ± 1. 75y). Single high-intensity TMS were delivered to the primary motor cortex (M1) ipsilateral to the preactivated first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle. Occurrence, latency, and duration of iSP were measured in the FDI EMG activity, for both hemispheres alternatively (10-12 trials each) along with their resting motor threshold (RMT). RESULTS In individuals born very preterm as compared to individuals born at term, ISP occurred less frequently (p < .0001), its latency was longer (p = .004), especially in the non-dominant hemisphere, its duration shorter (p < .0001), and RMT was higher in the non-dominant M1 than in the dominant. CONCLUSIONS Impairment of transcallosal inhibition along with asymmetry of M1 excitability in young adults born very preterm as compared to those born at term underline that neurophysiological consequences of a preterm birth can still be detected in early adulthood.
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Mürner-Lavanchy IM, Kelly CE, Reidy N, Doyle LW, Lee KJ, Inder T, Thompson DK, Morgan AT, Anderson PJ. White matter microstructure is associated with language in children born very preterm. Neuroimage Clin 2018; 20:808-822. [PMID: 30268990 PMCID: PMC6169247 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Very preterm birth is associated with altered white matter microstructure and language difficulties, which may compromise communication, social function and academic achievement, but the relationship between these two factors is unclear. The aim of this study was to explore associations between white matter microstructure and language domains of semantics, grammar and phonological awareness at 7-years of age on a whole-brain level and within the arcuate fasciculus, an important language pathway, in very preterm and term-born children. Language was assessed in 145 very preterm-born (<30 weeks' gestation and/or <1250 g birth weight) and 33 term-born children aged 7 years. Fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD), mean diffusivity (MD), axon orientation dispersion and axon density were estimated from diffusion magnetic resonance images also obtained at 7 years. The correlation between diffusion values and language was assessed using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS). The arcuate fasciculus was delineated using constrained spherical deconvolution tractography and diffusion parameters from this tract were related to language measures using linear regression. While there was evidence for widespread associations between white matter microstructure and language, there was little evidence of differences in these associations between very preterm and term-born groups. TBSS analyses revealed that higher FA and lower AD, RD, and MD in major fibre tracts, including those subserving language, were associated with better semantic, grammar and phonological awareness performance. Higher axon density in widespread fibre tracts was also associated with better semantic performance. The tractography analyses of the arcuate fasciculus showed some evidence for associations between white matter microstructure and language outcomes. White matter microstructural organisation in widespread fibre tracts, including language-relevant pathways, was associated with language performance in whole-brain and tract-based analyses. The associations were similar for very preterm and term-born groups, despite very preterm children performing more poorly across language domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines M Mürner-Lavanchy
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland..
| | - Claire E Kelly
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Natalie Reidy
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lex W Doyle
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Research Office, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Katherine J Lee
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Deanne K Thompson
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Angela T Morgan
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter J Anderson
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
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73
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Shang J, Bäuml JG, Koutsouleris N, Daamen M, Baumann N, Zimmer C, Bartmann P, Boecker H, Wolke D, Sorg C. Decreased BOLD fluctuations in lateral temporal cortices of premature born adults. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 39:4903-4912. [PMID: 30208256 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lasting volume reductions in subcortical and temporal-insular cortices after premature birth suggest altered ongoing activity in these areas. We hypothesized altered fluctuations in ongoing neural excitability and activity, as measured by slowly fluctuating blood oxygenation of resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI), in premature born adults, with altered fluctuations being linked with underlying brain volume reductions. To investigate this hypothesis, 94 very preterm/very low birth weight (VP/VLBW) and 92 full-term born young adults underwent structural and rs-fMRI data acquisition with voxel-based morphometry and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) as main outcome measure. In VP/VLBW adults, ALFF was reduced in lateral temporal cortices, and this reduction was positively associated with lower birth weight. Regions of reduced ALFF overlapped with reduced brain volume. On the one hand, ALFF reduction remained after controlling for volume loss, supporting the functional nature of ALFF reductions. On the other hand, ALFF decreases were positively associated with underlying brain volume loss, indicating a relation between structural and functional changes. Furthermore, within the VP/VLBW group, reduced ALFF was associated with reduced IQ, indicating the behavioral relevance of ALFF decreases in temporal cortices. These results demonstrate long-term impact of premature birth on ongoing BOLD fluctuations in lateral temporal cortices, which are linked with brain volume reductions. Data suggest permanently reduced fluctuations in ongoing neural excitability and activity in structurally altered lateral temporal cortices after premature birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shang
- TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Josef G Bäuml
- TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Department of Neuroradiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Koutsouleris
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcel Daamen
- Functional Neuroimaging Group, Department of Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nicole Baumann
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Claus Zimmer
- Department of Neuroradiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Bartmann
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Henning Boecker
- Functional Neuroimaging Group, Department of Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dieter Wolke
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom.,Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Sorg
- TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Department of Neuroradiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Klinikum rechts der Isar and, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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74
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Peralta-Carcelen M, Schwartz J, Carcelen AC. Behavioral and Socioemotional Development in Preterm Children. Clin Perinatol 2018; 45:529-546. [PMID: 30144853 DOI: 10.1016/j.clp.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Prematurity is a significant risk factor for impaired neurodevelopmental outcomes. These include motor, cognitive, language, behavioral, and socioemotional competence. Long-term overall function depends on healthy socioemotional functioning. The vulnerability of the preterm brain during critical periods of development contributes to behavioral and socioemotional problems in preterm children. Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) clinical features are more frequent in preterm children compared with their full-term counterparts; however, true rates of ASD and ADHD vary across studies. Early detection of behavioral and socioemotional problems in preterm children would enable timely early intervention to improve long-term functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Peralta-Carcelen
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Dearth Tower Suite 5602, McWane. 1600 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35233-1711, USA.
| | - Justin Schwartz
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Dearth Tower Suite 5602, McWane. 1600 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35233-1711, USA
| | - Andrea C Carcelen
- International Health Department, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Room 5517, Baltimore, MD, USA
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75
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Skogan AH, Oerbeck B, Christiansen C, Lande HL, Egeland J. Updated developmental norms for fine motor functions as measured by finger tapping speed and the Grooved Pegboard Test. Dev Neuropsychol 2018; 43:551-565. [DOI: 10.1080/87565641.2018.1495724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annette Holth Skogan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Beate Oerbeck
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway
| | - Cathrine Christiansen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Hilde Lillian Lande
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Jens Egeland
- Department of Research, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo, Norway
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76
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Ueda Y, Bando Y, Misumi S, Ogawa S, Ishida A, Jung CG, Shimizu T, Hida H. Alterations of Both Dendrite Morphology and Weaker Electrical Responsiveness in the Cortex of Hip Area Occur Before Rearrangement of the Motor Map in Neonatal White Matter Injury Model. Front Neurol 2018; 9:443. [PMID: 29971036 PMCID: PMC6018077 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-ischemia (H-I) in rats at postnatal day 3 causes disorganization of oligodendrocyte development in layers II/III of the sensorimotor cortex without apparent neuronal loss, and shows mild hindlimb dysfunction with imbalanced motor coordination. However, the mechanisms by which mild motor dysfunction is induced without loss of cortical neurons are currently unclear. To reveal the mechanisms underlying mild motor dysfunction in neonatal H-I model, electrical responsiveness and dendrite morphology in the sensorimotor cortex were investigated at 10 weeks of age. Responses to intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) revealed that the cortical motor map was significantly changed in this model. The cortical area related to hip joint movement was reduced, and the area related to trunk movement was increased. Sholl analysis in Golgi staining revealed that layer I–III neurons on the H-I side had more dendrite branches compared with the contralateral side. To investigate whether changes in the motor map and morphology appeared at earlier stages, ICMS and Sholl analysis were also performed at 5 weeks of age. The minimal ICMS current to evoke twitches of the hip area was higher on the H-I side, while the motor map was unchanged. Golgi staining revealed more dendrite branches in layer I–III neurons on the H-I side. These results revealed that alterations of both dendrite morphology and ICMS threshold of the hip area occurred before the rearrangement of the motor map in the neonatal H-I model. They also suggest that altered dendritic morphology and altered ICMS responsiveness may be related to mild motor dysfunction in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitomo Ueda
- Department of Neurophysiology and Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshio Bando
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Misumi
- Department of Neurophysiology and Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shino Ogawa
- Department of Neurophysiology and Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akimasa Ishida
- Department of Neurophysiology and Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Cha-Gyun Jung
- Department of Neurophysiology and Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takeshi Shimizu
- Department of Neurophysiology and Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideki Hida
- Department of Neurophysiology and Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
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77
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Stipdonk LW, Franken MCJP, Dudink J. Language outcome related to brain structures in school-aged preterm children: A systematic review. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196607. [PMID: 29864120 PMCID: PMC5986152 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm children often have language problems. This atypical language development is probably due to atypical brain development. We conducted a systematic review to provide an overview of the extensive and diverse scientific literature on the relations between language outcome and underlying brain structures in school-aged preterm-born children. Embase, Medline Ovid, Web of Science, Cochrane central and Google scholar were searched for relevant studies. Inclusion criteria were: cases are school-aged preterm children; structural MRI (T1- and T2-weighted sequences) or DTI used in combination with a neurocognitive language test; publication in an English-language peer-reviewed journal. Correlational measures between language scores and brain volume or fractional anisotropy of a brain structure were extracted. 23 studies were included. The relations between oral language, verbal fluency and/or written language and MRI/DTI measurements of white matter, gray matter, cerebellum, corpus callosum and/or the fasciculi are presented. Oral language skills and verbal fluency appear to be related to the corpus callosum. Oral language skills are also related to the uncinate fasciculus. There seems to be no clear relation between cerebellar development and verbal fluency skills. Not one single brain area is responsible for atypical language development, but several brain areas and their connections are essential. For future research it is recommended to relate brain areas to oral language skills on a microstructural level in preterm children. We also recommend to use language tests in which it is possible to distinguish between several language domains, such as perceptive and expressive language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lottie W Stipdonk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology at Erasmus Medical University Centre-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marie-Christine J P Franken
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology at Erasmus Medical University Centre-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Dudink
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics at Erasmus Medical University Centre-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics at UMCU-Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, Netherlands
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78
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Hodel AS. Rapid Infant Prefrontal Cortex Development and Sensitivity to Early Environmental Experience. DEVELOPMENTAL REVIEW 2018; 48:113-144. [PMID: 30270962 PMCID: PMC6157748 DOI: 10.1016/j.dr.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Over the last fifteen years, the emerging field of developmental cognitive neuroscience has described the relatively late development of prefrontal cortex in children and the relation between gradual structural changes and children's protracted development of prefrontal-dependent skills. Widespread recognition by the broader scientific community of the extended development of prefrontal cortex has led to the overwhelming perception of prefrontal cortex as a "late developing" region of the brain. However, despite its supposedly protracted development, multiple lines of research have converged to suggest that prefrontal cortex development may be particularly susceptible to individual differences in children's early environments. Recent studies demonstrate that the impacts of early adverse environments on prefrontal cortex are present very early in development: within the first year of life. This review provides a comprehensive overview of new neuroimaging evidence demonstrating that prefrontal cortex should be characterized as a "rapidly developing" region of the brain, discusses the converging impacts of early adversity on prefrontal circuits, and presents potential mechanisms via which adverse environments shape both concurrent and long-term measures of prefrontal cortex development. Given that environmentally-induced disparities are present in prefrontal cortex development within the first year of life, translational work in intervention and/or prevention science should focus on intervening early in development to take advantages of this early period of rapid prefrontal development and heightened plasticity.
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79
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Teli R, Hay M, Hershey A, Kumar M, Yin H, Parikh NA. Postnatal Microstructural Developmental Trajectory of Corpus Callosum Subregions and Relationship to Clinical Factors in Very Preterm Infants. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7550. [PMID: 29765059 PMCID: PMC5954149 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25245-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Our objectives were to define the microstructural developmental trajectory of six corpus callosum subregions and identify perinatal clinical factors that influence early development of these subregions in very preterm infants. We performed a longitudinal cohort study of very preterm infants (32 weeks gestational age or younger) (N = 36) who underwent structural MRI and diffusion tensor imaging serially at four time points - before 32, 32, 38, and 52 weeks postmenstrual age. We divided the corpus callosum into six subregions, performed probabilistic tractography, and used linear mixed effects models to evaluate the influence of antecedent clinical factors on its microstructural growth trajectory. The genu and splenium demonstrated the most rapid developmental maturation, exhibited by a steep increase in fractional anisotropy. We identified several factors that favored greater corpus callosum microstructural development, including advancing postmenstrual age, higher birth weight, and college level or higher maternal education. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, low 5-minute Apgar scores, caffeine therapy/apnea of prematurity and male sex were associated with reduced corpus callosum microstructural integrity/development over the first six months after very preterm birth. We identified a unique postnatal microstructural growth trajectory and associated clinical factor profile for each of the six corpus callosum subregions that is consistent with the heterogeneous functional role of these white matter subregions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Teli
- Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Margaret Hay
- Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Alexa Hershey
- Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Han Yin
- Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Nehal A Parikh
- Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America. .,Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America.
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80
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Wang H, Chung Y, Yu SK, Jun Y. The Immunoreactivity of PI3K/AKT Pathway After Prenatal Hypoxic Damage. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 31:855-860. [PMID: 28882951 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM There is no consensus on the effect of hypoxia on neurogenesis. In this study, we investigated the immunoreactivity of BDNF and PI3K/Akt signaling after uterine artery ligation in pregnant rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Unilateral uterine artery ligation was performed at 16 days of gestation (dg). Fetuses from one horn with ligated artery were allocated to the hypoxic group. Immunohistochemistry was performed with primary antibodies; NeuN, BDNF, PI3K, Akt and phospho-Akt (pAkt). RESULTS The densities of NeuN- and BDNF-immunoreactive (IR) cells in the cerebral cortex were lower in the hypoxic fetuses than in the controls at 21 dg. The density of PI3K and pAkt-IR cells in the cortex of the hypoxic group significantly decreased. The results in dentate gyrus were similar to the results in the cerebral cortex. CONCLUSION Prenatal hypoxia reduced Akt phosphorylation, which affected neuronal survival in the cortex and dentate gyrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huisun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chosun University Hospital, Gwang-ju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonyoung Chung
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwang-ju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Kyoung Yu
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwang-ju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghyun Jun
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwang-ju, Republic of Korea
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81
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Twilhaar ES, Wade RM, de Kieviet JF, van Goudoever JB, van Elburg RM, Oosterlaan J. Cognitive Outcomes of Children Born Extremely or Very Preterm Since the 1990s and Associated Risk Factors: A Meta-analysis and Meta-regression. JAMA Pediatr 2018; 172:361-367. [PMID: 29459939 PMCID: PMC5875339 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2017.5323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Despite apparent progress in perinatal care, children born extremely or very preterm (EP/VP) remain at high risk for cognitive deficits. Insight into factors contributing to cognitive outcome is key to improve outcomes after EP/VP birth. Objective To examine the cognitive abilities of children of EP/VP birth (EP/VP children) and the role of perinatal and demographic risk factors. Data Sources PubMed, Web of Science, and PsycINFO were searched without language restriction (last search March 2, 2017). Key search terms included preterm, low birth weight, and intelligence. Study Selection Peer-reviewed studies reporting intelligence scores of EP/VP children (<32 weeks of gestation) and full-term controls at age 5 years or older, born in the antenatal corticosteroids and surfactant era, were included. A total of 268 studies met selection criteria, of which 71 covered unique cohorts. Data Extraction and Synthesis MOOSE guidelines were followed. Data were independently extracted by 2 researchers. Standardized mean differences in intelligence per study were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. Heterogeneity in effect size across studies was studied using multivariate, random-effects meta-regression analysis. Main Outcomes and Measures Primary outcome was intelligence. Covariates included gestational age, birth weight, birth year, age at assessment, sex, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, small for gestational age, intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, and postnatal corticosteroid use. Results The 71 included studies comprised 7752 EP/VP children and 5155 controls. Median gestational age was 28.5 weeks (interquartile range [IQR], 2.4 weeks) and the mean age at assessment ranged from 5.0 to 20.1 years. The median proportion of males was 50.0% (IQR, 8.7%). Preterm children had a 0.86-SD lower IQ compared with controls (95% CI, -0.94 to -0.78, P < .001). Results were heterogeneous across studies (I2 = 74.13; P < .001). This heterogeneity could not be explained by birth year of the cohort. Multivariate meta-regression analysis with backward elimination revealed that BPD explained 65% of the variance in intelligence across studies, with each percent increase in BPD rate across studies associated with a 0.01-SD decrease in IQ (0.15 IQ points) (P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance Extremely or very preterm children born in the antenatal corticosteroids and surfactant era show large deficits in intelligence. No improvement in cognitive outcome was observed between 1990 and 2008. These findings emphasize that improving outcomes after EP/VP birth remains a major challenge. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia was found to be a crucial factor for cognitive outcome. Lowering the high incidence of BPD may be key to improving long-term outcomes after EP/VP birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Sabrina Twilhaar
- Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rebecca M. Wade
- Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jorrit F. de Kieviet
- Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes B. van Goudoever
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children’s Hospital, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ruurd M. van Elburg
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children’s Hospital, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Nutricia Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jaap Oosterlaan
- Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children’s Hospital, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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82
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Padilla N, Eklöf E, Mårtensson GE, Bölte S, Lagercrantz H, Ådén U. Poor Brain Growth in Extremely Preterm Neonates Long Before the Onset of Autism Spectrum Disorder Symptoms. Cereb Cortex 2018; 27:1245-1252. [PMID: 26689588 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhv300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm infants face an increased risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The relationship between autism during childhood and early brain development remains unexplored. We studied 84 preterm children born at <27 weeks of gestation, who underwent neonatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at term and were screened for ASD at 6.5 years. Full-scale intelligence quotient was measured and neonatal morbidities were recorded. Structural brain morphometric studies were performed in 33 infants with high-quality MRI and no evidence of focal brain lesions. Twenty-three (27.4%) of the children tested ASD positive and 61 (72.6%) tested ASD negative. The ASD-positive group had a significantly higher frequency of neonatal complications than the ASD-negative group. In the subgroup of 33 children, the ASD infants had reduced volumes in the temporal, occipital, insular, and limbic regions and in the brain areas involved in social/behavior and salience integration. This study shows that the neonatal MRI scans of extremely preterm children, subsequently diagnosed with ASD at 6.5 years, showed brain structural alterations, localized in the regions that play a key role in the core features of autism. Early detection of these structural alterations may allow the early identification and intervention of children at risk of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eva Eklöf
- Department of Women's and Children's Health
| | | | - Sven Bölte
- Department of Women's and Children's Health.,Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm County Council, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hugo Lagercrantz
- Department of Women's and Children's Health.,Department of Neonatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Ådén
- Department of Women's and Children's Health.,Department of Neonatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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83
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Kolomeets NS. [Disturbance of oligodendrocyte differentiation in schizophrenia in relation to main hypothesis of the disease]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2018; 117:108-117. [PMID: 28884727 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201711781108-117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence coming from neuroimaging, molecular genetic and post-mortem studies have implicated oligodendrocyte abnormalities and compromised myelin integrity in schizophrenia. Activity-dependent myelination in adult brain is considered to be an important mechanism of neural circuit's plasticity due to the presence of a large population of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC) in the adult CNS. Growing evidence for impairment of oligodendrocyte differentiation has been reported in the brain of schizophrenia subjects. OPC are very vulnerable inflammation, oxidative stress, and elevated glutamate levels leading to excitotoxicity. The mechanisms of prolonged suppression of oligodendrocyte differentiation caused by prenatal maternal infection or preterm birth are discussed in view of increased risk of schizophrenia, neurodevelopmental and inflammation hypotheses of the disease. The data that some neuroleptics stimulate OPC differentiation and ameliorate myelin alterations support the notion that impairment in the differentiation of OPCs contributes to oligodendrocyte abnormalities and to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Kolomeets
- National Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
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84
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Olsen A, Dennis EL, Evensen KAI, Husby Hollund IM, Løhaugen GCC, Thompson PM, Brubakk AM, Eikenes L, Håberg AK. Preterm birth leads to hyper-reactive cognitive control processing and poor white matter organization in adulthood. Neuroimage 2017; 167:419-428. [PMID: 29191480 PMCID: PMC6625518 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals born preterm with very low birth weight (VLBW; birth weight ≤ 1500 g) are at high risk for perinatal brain injuries and deviant brain development, leading to increased chances of later cognitive, emotional, and behavioral problems. Here we investigated the neuronal underpinnings of both reactive and proactive cognitive control processes in adults with VLBW. We included 32 adults born preterm with VLBW (before 37th week of gestation) and 32 term-born controls (birth weight ≥10th percentile for gestational age) between 22 and 24 years of age that have been followed prospectively since birth. Participants performed a well-validated Not-X continuous performance test (CPT) adapted for use in a mixed block- and event-related fMRI protocol. BOLD fMRI and DTI data was acquired on a 3T scanner. Performance on the Not-X CPT was highly similar between groups. However, the VLBW group demonstrated hyper-reactive cognitive control processing and disrupted white matter organization. The hyper-reactive brain activation signature in VLBW adults was associated with lower gestational age, lower fluid intelligence score, and anxiety problems. Automated Multi-Atlas Tract Extraction (AutoMATE) analyses revealed that this disruption of normal brain function was accompanied by poorer white matter organization in the anterior thalamic radiation and the cingulum, as reflected in both reduced fractional anisotropy and increased mean diffusivity. These findings show that the preterm behavioral phenotype is associated with predominantly reactive-, rather than proactive cognitive control processing, as well as white matter abnormalities, that may underlie common difficulties that many preterm born individuals experience in everyday life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Olsen
- Department of Psychology, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Emily L Dennis
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Kari Anne I Evensen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Physiotherapy, Trondheim Municipality, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ingrid Marie Husby Hollund
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Ann-Mari Brubakk
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Live Eikenes
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Asta K Håberg
- Department of Neuromedicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Medical Imaging, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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85
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White matter alterations and their associations with motor function in young adults born preterm with very low birth weight. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2017; 17:241-250. [PMID: 29159041 PMCID: PMC5683190 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Very low birth weight (VLBW: ≤ 1500 g) individuals have an increased risk of white matter alterations and neurodevelopmental problems, including fine and gross motor problems. In this hospital-based follow-up study, the main aim was to examine white matter microstructure and its relationship to fine and gross motor function in 31 VLBW young adults without cerebral palsy compared with 31 term-born controls, at mean age 22.6 ± 0.7 years. The participants were examined with tests of fine and gross motor function (Trail Making Test-5: TMT-5, Grooved Pegboard, Triangle from Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2: MABC-2 and High-level Mobility Assessment Tool: HiMAT) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Probabilistic tractography of motor pathways of the corticospinal tract (CST) and corpus callosum (CC) was performed. Fractional anisotropy (FA) was calculated in non-crossing (capsula interna in CST, body of CC) and crossing (centrum semiovale) fibre regions along the tracts and examined for group differences. Associations between motor test scores and FA in the CST and CC were investigated with linear regression. Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) was used to examine group differences in DTI metrics in all major white matter tracts. The VLBW group had lower scores on all motor tests compared with controls, however, only statistically significant for TMT-5. Based on tractography, FA in the VLBW group was lower in non-crossing fibre regions and higher in crossing fibre regions of the CST compared with controls. Within the VLBW group, poorer fine motor function was associated with higher FA in crossing fibre regions of the CST, and poorer bimanual coordination was additionally associated with lower FA in crossing fibre regions of the CC. Poorer gross motor function was associated with lower FA in crossing fibre regions of the CST and CC. There were no associations between motor function and FA in non-crossing fibre regions of the CST and CC within the VLBW group. In the TBSS analysis, the VLBW group had lower FA and higher mean diffusivity compared with controls in all major white matter tracts. The findings in this study may indicate that the associations between motor function and FA are caused by other tracts crossing the CST and CC, and/or by alterations in the periventricular white matter in the centrum semiovale. Some of the associations were in the opposite direction than hypothesized, thus higher FA does not always indicate better function. Furthermore, widespread white matter alterations in VLBW individuals persist into young adulthood. Motor function was associated with FA in crossing fibre regions of CST and CC in VLBW young adults In crossing fibre regions of CST, FA was higher in VLBW than in control young adults TBSS showed lower FA and higher MD in white matter tracts in VLBW than in control young adults
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Key Words
- AD, axial diffusivity
- Brain
- CC, corpus callosum
- CST, corticospinal tract
- DTI, diffusion tensor imaging
- Diffusion tensor imaging
- FA, fractional anisotropy
- HiMAT, high-level mobility assessment tool
- MABC-2, movement assessment battery for children-2
- MD, mean diffusivity
- MNI, Montreal neurological institute
- MRI, magnetic resonance imaging
- Motor function
- NICU, neonatal intensive care unit
- Preterm
- RD, radial diffusivity
- ROI, region-of-interest
- SES, socioeconomic status
- TBSS, tract-based spatial statistics
- TMT-5, Trail Making Test-5
- Tractography
- VLBW, very low birth weight
- VOI, volume-of-interest
- Young adulthood
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86
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Farajdokht F, Sadigh-Eteghad S, Dehghani R, Mohaddes G, Abedi L, Bughchechi R, Majdi A, Mahmoudi J. Very low birth weight is associated with brain structure abnormalities and cognitive function impairments: A systematic review. Brain Cogn 2017; 118:80-89. [PMID: 28802183 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Very low birth weight (VLBW) children are at risk of structural brain abnormalities and neurocognitive deficits. Since survival rate of the very low birth weight infants has increased over the past decade, a better understanding of the long-term neurocognitive outcomes is needed. The present systematic review investigated the association between VLBW and cognitive function as well as brain structure. PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched up from January 2000 to January 2015. The study was restricted to the articles that were about VLBW and its association with cognitive function and brain structure. The initial search yielded 721 articles. There were 44 studies eligible for inclusion after applying the exclusion criteria: 24 follow-up, 14 cohort, and 6 longitudinal studies. Based on this systematic review, we suggest that VLBW is positively related to several cognitive problems and brain structure abnormalities. These findings provide evidence about the importance of early assessment of cognitive development and brain structure to identify at-risk children and provide their specific requirements as early as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Farajdokht
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Dehghani
- Department of Pharmacology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gisou Mohaddes
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leili Abedi
- Department of Statistic and Epidemiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ramin Bughchechi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Majdi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Mahmoudi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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87
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Lee D, Pae C, Lee JD, Park ES, Cho SR, Um MH, Lee SK, Oh MK, Park HJ. Analysis of structure-function network decoupling in the brain systems of spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:5292-5306. [PMID: 28731515 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Manifestation of the functionalities from the structural brain network is becoming increasingly important to understand a brain disease. With the aim of investigating the differential structure-function couplings according to network systems, we investigated the structural and functional brain networks of patients with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy with periventricular leukomalacia compared to healthy controls. The structural and functional networks of the whole brain and motor system, constructed using deterministic and probabilistic tractography of diffusion tensor magnetic resonance images and Pearson and partial correlation analyses of resting-state functional magnetic resonance images, showed differential embedding of functional networks in the structural networks in patients. In the whole-brain network of patients, significantly reduced global network efficiency compared to healthy controls were found in the structural networks but not in the functional networks, resulting in reduced structural-functional coupling. On the contrary, the motor network of patients had a significantly lower functional network efficiency over the intact structural network and a lower structure-function coupling than the control group. This reduced coupling but reverse directionality in the whole-brain and motor networks of patients was prominent particularly between the probabilistic structural and partial correlation-based functional networks. Intact (or less deficient) functional network over impaired structural networks of the whole brain and highly impaired functional network topology over the intact structural motor network might subserve relatively preserved cognitions and impaired motor functions in cerebral palsy. This study suggests that the structure-function relationship, evaluated specifically using sparse functional connectivity, may reveal important clues to functional reorganization in cerebral palsy. Hum Brain Mapp 38:5292-5306, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongha Lee
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,BK21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Korea
| | - Chongwon Pae
- BK21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Korea.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Doo Lee
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Eun Sook Park
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Rae Cho
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hee Um
- BK21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Korea
| | - Seung-Koo Lee
- Department of Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Maeng-Keun Oh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Jeong Park
- BK21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Korea.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Cognitive Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Systems and Translational Brain Sciences, Institute of Human Complexity and Systems Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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88
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Paquette N, Shi J, Wang Y, Lao Y, Ceschin R, Nelson MD, Panigrahy A, Lepore N. Ventricular shape and relative position abnormalities in preterm neonates. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2017. [PMID: 28649491 PMCID: PMC5470570 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent neuroimaging findings have highlighted the impact of premature birth on subcortical development and morphological changes in the deep grey nuclei and ventricular system. To help characterize subcortical microstructural changes in preterm neonates, we recently implemented a multivariate tensor-based method (mTBM). This method allows to precisely measure local surface deformation of brain structures in infants. Here, we investigated ventricular abnormalities and their spatial relationships with surrounding subcortical structures in preterm neonates. We performed regional group comparisons on the surface morphometry and relative position of the lateral ventricles between 19 full-term and 17 preterm born neonates at term-equivalent age. Furthermore, a relative pose analysis was used to detect individual differences in translation, rotation, and scale of a given brain structure with respect to an average. Our mTBM results revealed broad areas of alterations on the frontal horn and body of the left ventricle, and narrower areas of differences on the temporal horn of the right ventricle. A significant shift in the rotation of the left ventricle was also found in preterm neonates. Furthermore, we located significant correlations between morphology and pose parameters of the lateral ventricles and that of the putamen and thalamus. These results show that regional abnormalities on the surface and pose of the ventricles are also associated with alterations on the putamen and thalamus. The complementarity of the information provided by the surface and pose analysis may help to identify abnormal white and grey matter growth, hinting toward a pattern of neural and cellular dysmaturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Paquette
- Department of Radiology, University of Southern California and Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J Shi
- School of Computing, Informatics, and Decision Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Y Wang
- School of Computing, Informatics, and Decision Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Y Lao
- Department of Radiology, University of Southern California and Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - R Ceschin
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - M D Nelson
- Department of Radiology, University of Southern California and Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A Panigrahy
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - N Lepore
- Department of Radiology, University of Southern California and Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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89
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Affeldt BM, Obenaus A, Chan J, Pardo AC. Region specific oligodendrocyte transcription factor expression in a model of neonatal hypoxic injury. Int J Dev Neurosci 2017; 61:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bethann M. Affeldt
- Department of PediatricsLoma Linda University11175 Campus St., Coleman Pavilion Room A1109Loma LindaCA92354USA
| | - Andre Obenaus
- Department of PediatricsLoma Linda University11175 Campus St., Coleman Pavilion Room A1109Loma LindaCA92354USA
- Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology ProgramUniversity of CaliforniaRiverside, 1140 Bachelor HallRiversideCA92521USA
| | - Jonathan Chan
- Department of PediatricsLoma Linda University11175 Campus St., Coleman Pavilion Room A1109Loma LindaCA92354USA
| | - Andrea C. Pardo
- Department of PediatricsLoma Linda University11175 Campus St., Coleman Pavilion Room A1109Loma LindaCA92354USA
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90
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Ginsberg Y, Khatib N, Weiss B, Arison S, Ross MG, Weiner Z, Beloosesky R. Magnesium sulfate (MG) prevents maternal inflammation induced offspring cerebral injury evident on MRI but not via IL-1β. Neuroscience 2017; 353:98-105. [PMID: 28412496 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As maternal treatment with magnesium sulfate (MG) may protect the fetal brain, we sought to assess the inflammation associated neuroprotective potential of MG and its association to interleukin 1β (IL-1β). METHODS Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats at 18-day gestation received i.p. lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or saline. Dams were randomized to treatment with s.c. saline (control), or MG prior to or following the i.p. injection, resulting in three groups. At the end of the treatment, fetal brain IL-1β was quantified for 18 pregnant rats (six of each group). Another 18 pregnant rats delivered spontaneously and pups were allowed to mature. At postnatal day 25, female offspring were examined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and analyzed using voxel based analysis. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and T2 relaxation protocols were performed to assess white and gray matter injury. RESULTS Offspring of LPS-treated dams exhibited (1) significantly increased T2 levels, and (2) increased ADC levels in white and gray matter, consistent with diffuse cerebral injury. Offspring of MG-treated LPS dams demonstrated similar T2 and ADC levels as control dams. Fetal brain IL-1β was significantly increased following maternal LPS compared to control (0.125±0.01 vs 0.100±0.01u, p<0.05). No significant decrease in IL-1β level was observed in response to maternal MG. CONCLUSIONS Maternal LPS-induced neonatal brain injury can be prevented by maternal MG. Maternal MG therapy may be effective in human deliveries associated with maternal/fetal inflammation. The absence of a decrease in fetus brain levels of IL-1β following MG treatment implies that the mechanism of MG is not through inhibition of IL-1β production. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Intrauterine fetal exposure to maternal inflammation and pro-inflammatory cytokines is associated with adverse offspring neurological outcomes. Although its precise mechanism is not elucidated, magnesium sulfate (MG) is commonly used as neuroprotection for white matter brain injuries in preterm fetuses. A proposed mechanism involves the ability of MG to reduce pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. In the current study, we used a rat model of LPS-induced maternal inflammation to investigate the short-term effect of MG on fetal brain IL-1β levels, and its long-term neuroprotective effect on the offspring brain by using MRI. We demonstrated that maternal administration of MG can prevent long-term neonatal brain injury but, since no decrease was observed in fetal brain IL-1β levels, the neuro-protective mechanism of MG is not mediated by inhibition of IL-1β production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Ginsberg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Nizar Khatib
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Boaz Weiss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Shay Arison
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Michael G Ross
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Institute, Torrance, CA, United States
| | - Zeev Weiner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ron Beloosesky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
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91
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Menegaux A, Meng C, Neitzel J, Bäuml JG, Müller HJ, Bartmann P, Wolke D, Wohlschläger AM, Finke K, Sorg C. Impaired visual short-term memory capacity is distinctively associated with structural connectivity of the posterior thalamic radiation and the splenium of the corpus callosum in preterm-born adults. Neuroimage 2017; 150:68-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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92
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Réveillon M, Hüppi PS, Barisnikov K. Inhibition difficulties in preterm children: Developmental delay or persistent deficit? Child Neuropsychol 2017; 24:734-762. [DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2017.1294665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Réveillon
- Child Clinical Neuropsychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Petra S. Hüppi
- Division of Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Koviljka Barisnikov
- Child Clinical Neuropsychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Switzerland
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93
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94
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Effects of a Home-Based Family-Centred Early Habilitation Program on Neurobehavioural Outcomes of Very Preterm Born Infants: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Neural Plast 2017; 2016:4323792. [PMID: 28090357 PMCID: PMC5206446 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4323792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm children have an increased risk of neurodevelopmental impairments which include psychomotor and language retardation. The objectives of the present retrospective cohort study were to examine the effects of an individually adapted, home-based, and family-centred early developmental habilitation program on neurodevelopmental and behavioural outcomes of very preterm children compared with a standard follow-up at 2 years' corrected age. Enrolled infants were retrospectively assigned to the intervention group (61 subjects) or to the control group (62 subjects) depending on whether they had or had not carried out a home-based family-centred early developmental habilitation program focused on environmental enrichment, parent-guided environmental interaction, and infant development. Developmental outcome was assessed for both groups at 24 months' corrected age using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development 2nd Edition. Intervention significantly improved both cognitive and behavioural outcomes. In addition, males had significantly lower scores than females either before or after treatment. However, the treatment was effective in both genders to the same extent. In conclusion, a timely updated environment suitable to the infant's developmental needs could provide the best substrate where the parent-infant relationship can be practised with the ultimate goal of achieving further developmental steps.
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95
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Polyunsaturated fatty acids and recurrent mood disorders: Phenomenology, mechanisms, and clinical application. Prog Lipid Res 2017; 66:1-13. [PMID: 28069365 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A body of evidence has implicated dietary deficiency in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA), including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in the pathophysiology and etiology of recurrent mood disorders including major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder. Cross-national and cross-sectional evidence suggests that greater habitual intake of n-3 PUFA is associated with reduced risk for developing mood symptoms. Meta-analyses provide strong evidence that patients with mood disorders exhibit low blood n-3 PUFA levels which are associated with increased risk for the initial development of mood symptoms in response to inflammation. While the etiology of this n-3 PUFA deficit may be multifactorial, n-3 PUFA supplementation is sufficient to correct this deficit and may also have antidepressant effects. Rodent studies suggest that n-3 PUFA deficiency during perinatal development can recapitulate key neuropathological, neurochemical, and behavioral features associated with mood disorders. Clinical neuroimaging studies suggest that low n-3 PUFA biostatus is associated with abnormalities in cortical structure and function also observed in mood disorders. Collectively, these findings implicate dietary n-3 PUFA insufficiency, particularly during development, in the pathophysiology of mood dysregulation, and support implementation of routine screening for and treatment of n-3 PUFA deficiency in patients with mood disorders.
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96
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Kwinta P, Lesniak A, Herman-Sucharska I, Klimek M, Karcz P, Kubatko-Zielińska A, Nitecka M, Dutkowska G, Romanowska-Dixon B. Microstructure changes of occipital white matter are responsible for visual problems in the 3–4-year-old very low birth weight children. Indian J Ophthalmol 2017. [PMID: 28643715 PMCID: PMC5508461 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_679_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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97
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Yeh P, Guan Koay C, Wang B, Morissette J, Sham E, Senseney J, Joy D, Kubli A, Yeh C, Eskay V, Liu W, French LM, Oakes TR, Riedy G, Ollinger J. Compromised Neurocircuitry in Chronic Blast-Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:352-369. [PMID: 27629984 PMCID: PMC6867097 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to apply recently developed automated fiber segmentation and quantification methods using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and DTI-based deterministic and probabilistic tractography to access local and global diffusion changes in blast-induced mild traumatic brain injury (bmTBI). Two hundred and two (202) male active US service members who reported persistent post-concussion symptoms for more than 6 months after injury were recruited. An additional forty (40) male military controls were included for comparison. DTI results were examined in relation to post-concussion and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. No significant group difference in DTI metrics was found using voxel-wise analysis. However, group comparison using tract profile analysis and tract specific analysis, as well as single subject analysis using tract profile analysis revealed the most prominent white matter microstructural injury in chronic bmTBI patients over the frontal fiber tracts, that is, the front-limbic projection fibers (cingulum bundle, uncinate fasciculus), the fronto-parieto-temporal association fibers (superior longitudinal fasciculus), and the fronto-striatal pathways (anterior thalamic radiation). Effects were noted to be sensitive to the number of previous blast exposures, with a negative association between fractional anisotropy (FA) and time since most severe blast exposure in a subset of the multiple blast-exposed group. However, these patterns were not observed in the subgroups classified using macrostructural changes (T2 white matter hyperintensities). Moreover, post-concussion symptoms and PTSD symptoms, as well as neuropsychological function were associated with low FA in the major nodes of compromised neurocircuitry. Hum Brain Mapp 38:352-369, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping‐Hong Yeh
- Henry Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military MedicineRockledgeMaryland
- National Intrepid Center of Excellence (NICoE)Walter Reed National Military Medical CenterBethesdaMaryland
| | - Cheng Guan Koay
- National Intrepid Center of Excellence (NICoE)Walter Reed National Military Medical CenterBethesdaMaryland
| | - Binquan Wang
- Henry Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military MedicineRockledgeMaryland
| | - John Morissette
- National Intrepid Center of Excellence (NICoE)Walter Reed National Military Medical CenterBethesdaMaryland
| | - Elyssa Sham
- National Intrepid Center of Excellence (NICoE)Walter Reed National Military Medical CenterBethesdaMaryland
| | - Justin Senseney
- National Intrepid Center of Excellence (NICoE)Walter Reed National Military Medical CenterBethesdaMaryland
| | - David Joy
- National Intrepid Center of Excellence (NICoE)Walter Reed National Military Medical CenterBethesdaMaryland
| | - Alex Kubli
- National Intrepid Center of Excellence (NICoE)Walter Reed National Military Medical CenterBethesdaMaryland
| | - Chen‐Haur Yeh
- National Intrepid Center of Excellence (NICoE)Walter Reed National Military Medical CenterBethesdaMaryland
| | - Victora Eskay
- National Intrepid Center of Excellence (NICoE)Walter Reed National Military Medical CenterBethesdaMaryland
| | - Wei Liu
- National Intrepid Center of Excellence (NICoE)Walter Reed National Military Medical CenterBethesdaMaryland
| | - Louis M. French
- National Intrepid Center of Excellence (NICoE)Walter Reed National Military Medical CenterBethesdaMaryland
- Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (CNRM)Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS)BethesdaMaryland
| | - Terrence R. Oakes
- National Intrepid Center of Excellence (NICoE)Walter Reed National Military Medical CenterBethesdaMaryland
| | - Gerard Riedy
- National Intrepid Center of Excellence (NICoE)Walter Reed National Military Medical CenterBethesdaMaryland
- Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (CNRM)Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS)BethesdaMaryland
| | - John Ollinger
- National Intrepid Center of Excellence (NICoE)Walter Reed National Military Medical CenterBethesdaMaryland
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98
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Kim DY, Park HK, Kim NS, Hwang SJ, Lee HJ. Neonatal diffusion tensor brain imaging predicts later motor outcome in preterm neonates with white matter abnormalities. Ital J Pediatr 2016; 42:104. [PMID: 27906083 PMCID: PMC5134238 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-016-0309-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND White matter (WM) abnormalities associated with prematurity are one of the most important causes of neurological disability that involves spastic motor deficits in preterm newborns. This study aimed to evaluate regional microstructural changes in diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) associated with WM abnormalities. METHODS We prospectively studied extremely low birth weight (ELBW; <1000 g) preterm infants who were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Hanyang University Hospital between February 2011 and February 2014. WM abnormalities were assessed with conventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and DTI near term-equivalent age before discharge. Region-of-interests (ROIs) measurements were performed to examine the regional distribution of fractional anisotropy (FA) values. RESULTS Thirty-two out of 72 ELBW infants underwent conventional MR imaging and DTI at term-equivalent age. Ten of these infants developed WM abnormalities associated with prematurity. Five of ten of those with WM abnormalities developed cerebral palsy (CP). DTI in the WM abnormalities with CP showed a significant reduction of mean FA in the genu of the corpus callosum (p = 0.022), the ipsilateral posterior limb of the internal capsule (p = 0.019), and the ipsilateral centrum semiovale (p = 0.012) compared to normal WM and WM abnormalities without CP. In infants having WM abnormalities with CP, early FA values in neonatal DTI revealed abnormalities of the WM regions prior to the manifestation of hemiparesis. CONCLUSIONS DTI performed at term equivalent age shows different FA values in WM regions among infants with or without WM abnormalities associated with prematurity and/or CP. Low FA values of ROIs in DTI are related with later development of spastic CP in preterm infants with WM abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Yeon Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Kyung Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nam-Su Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se-Jin Hwang
- Division of Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy and Histology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Sukhanova IA, Sebentsova EA, Levitskaya NG. The acute and delayed effects of perinatal hypoxic brain damage in children and in model experiments with rodents. NEUROCHEM J+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712416040127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Ercan ES, Suren S, Bacanlı A, Yazıcı KU, Callı C, Ardic UA, Aygunes D, Kosova B, Ozyurt O, Aydın C, Rohde LA. Altered structural connectivity is related to attention deficit/hyperactivity subtypes: A DTI study. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2016; 256:57-64. [PMID: 27130841 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to provide novel insights into the white matter (WM) microstructural properties of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) subtypes by recruiting a relatively large sample of stimulant-naïve children and adolescents who had no comorbidity other than Oppositional Defiant Disorder and were homogenous according to the DAT1 gene polymorphism. A sample of 72 ADHD subjects and 24 controls aged 8-15 years were enrolled in the study. We applied tract-based spatial statistics to the DTI measures for obtaining fractional anisotropy (FA) and axial, radial diffusivity (AD, RD) measures to explore ADHD type-related differences in WM for the whole brain. Comparing ADHD-Combined group (ADHD-C) with the ADHD predominantly inattentive group (ADHD-I) we detected increased RD in several bilateral brain area and increased AD mostly in left side of the brain, including the body and splenium of the corpus callosum; the anterior and posteriors limbs of the internal capsule; the superior, anterior and posterior corona radiata; the posterior thalamic radiation; and the superior longitudinal fasciculus. Likewise, mostly in the overlapping brain areas, the ADHD-C group presented increased AD values than ADHD-RI. Significant differences among ADHD types could be a preliminary evidence that they have distinct microstructural properties. There were no significant differences in diffusivity between controls and both the ADHD group as whole or any ADHD subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyup Sabri Ercan
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Medical Faculty, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | | | | | - Kemal Utku Yazıcı
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Medical Faculty, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Cem Callı
- Radiology Department, Medical Faculty, Ege University, Turkey
| | - Ulku Akyol Ardic
- Denizli State Hospital, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Duygu Aygunes
- Medical Biology Department, Medical Faculty, Ege University, Turkey
| | - Buket Kosova
- Medical Biology Department, Medical Faculty, Ege University, Turkey
| | - Onur Ozyurt
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cahide Aydın
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Medical Faculty, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Luis Augusto Rohde
- ADHD Outpatient Program, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, Brazil
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