51
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Chang W, Xiao D, Ao X, Li M, Xu T, Wang J. Increased Dynamin‐Related Protein 1–Dependent Mitochondrial Fission Contributes to High‐Fat‐Diet‐Induced Cardiac Dysfunction and Insulin Resistance by Elevating Tafazzin in Mouse Hearts. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1801322. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201801322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenguang Chang
- Center for Regenerative MedicineInstitute for Translational MedicineQingdao University Qingdao 266021 China
| | - Dandan Xiao
- Center for Regenerative MedicineInstitute for Translational MedicineQingdao University Qingdao 266021 China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Center for Regenerative MedicineInstitute for Translational MedicineQingdao University Qingdao 266021 China
| | - Mengyang Li
- Center for Regenerative MedicineInstitute for Translational MedicineQingdao University Qingdao 266021 China
| | - Tao Xu
- Center for Regenerative MedicineInstitute for Translational MedicineQingdao University Qingdao 266021 China
| | - Jianxun Wang
- Center for Regenerative MedicineInstitute for Translational MedicineQingdao University Qingdao 266021 China
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52
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Jhun BS, O-Uchi J, Adaniya SM, Cypress MW, Yoon Y. Adrenergic Regulation of Drp1-Driven Mitochondrial Fission in Cardiac Physio-Pathology. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:antiox7120195. [PMID: 30567380 PMCID: PMC6316402 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7120195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal mitochondrial morphology, especially fragmented mitochondria, and mitochondrial dysfunction are hallmarks of a variety of human diseases including heart failure (HF). Although emerging evidence suggests a link between mitochondrial fragmentation and cardiac dysfunction, it is still not well described which cardiac signaling pathway regulates mitochondrial morphology and function under pathophysiological conditions such as HF. Mitochondria change their shape and location via the activity of mitochondrial fission and fusion proteins. This mechanism is suggested as an important modulator for mitochondrial and cellular functions including bioenergetics, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, spatiotemporal dynamics of Ca2+ signaling, cell growth, and death in the mammalian cell- and tissue-specific manners. Recent reports show that a mitochondrial fission protein, dynamin-like/related protein 1 (DLP1/Drp1), is post-translationally modified via cell signaling pathways, which control its subcellular localization, stability, and activity in cardiomyocytes/heart. In this review, we summarize the possible molecular mechanisms for causing post-translational modifications (PTMs) of DLP1/Drp1 in cardiomyocytes, and further discuss how these PTMs of DLP1/Drp1 mediate abnormal mitochondrial morphology and mitochondrial dysfunction under adrenergic signaling activation that contributes to the development and progression of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong Sook Jhun
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Jin O-Uchi
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Stephanie M Adaniya
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, the Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
| | - Michael W Cypress
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Yisang Yoon
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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53
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Lavorato M, Loro E, Debattisti V, Khurana TS, Franzini-Armstrong C. Elongated mitochondrial constrictions and fission in muscle fatigue. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs221028. [PMID: 30404834 PMCID: PMC6288074 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.221028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria respond to stress and undergo fusion and fission at variable rates, depending on cell status. To understand mitochondrial behavior during muscle fatigue, we investigated mitochondrial ultrastructure and expression levels of a fission- and stress-related protein in fast-twitch muscle fibers of mice subjected to fatigue testing. Mice were subjected to running at increasing speed until exhaustion at 45 min-1 h. In further experiments, high-intensity muscle stimulation through the sciatic nerve simulated the forced treadmill exercise. We detected a rare phenotype characterized by elongated mitochondrial constrictions (EMCs) connecting two separate segments of the original organelles. EMCs are rare in resting muscles and their frequency increases, albeit still at low levels, in stimulated muscles. The constrictions are accompanied by elevated phosphorylation of Drp1 (Dnm1l) at Ser 616, indicating an increased translocation of Drp1 to the mitochondrial membrane. This is indicative of a mitochondrial stress response, perhaps leading to or facilitating a long-lasting fission event. A close apposition of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) to the constricted areas, detected using both transmission and scanning electron microscopy, is highly suggestive of SR involvement in inducing mitochondrial constrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Lavorato
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Emanuele Loro
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Valentina Debattisti
- MitoCare Center, Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Tejvir S Khurana
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Clara Franzini-Armstrong
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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54
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Fealy CE, Mulya A, Axelrod CL, Kirwan JP. Mitochondrial dynamics in skeletal muscle insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Transl Res 2018; 202:69-82. [PMID: 30153426 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The traditional view of mitochondria as isolated, spherical, energy producing organelles, is undergoing a revolutionary change. Emerging data show that mitochondria form a dynamic reticulum that is regulated by cycles of fission and fusion. The discovery of proteins that modulate these activities has led to important advances in understanding human disease. Here, we review the latest evidence that connects the emerging field of mitochondrial dynamics to skeletal muscle insulin resistance and propose some potential mechanisms that may explain the long debated link between mitochondria and the development of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- CiarÁn E Fealy
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Anny Mulya
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Christopher L Axelrod
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Integrated Physiology and Molecular Metabolism Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - John P Kirwan
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Integrated Physiology and Molecular Metabolism Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
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55
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Zhang L, Ma C, Wang X, He S, Li Q, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Zhang M, Yu X, Zhao X, Li F, Zhu DL. Lipopolysaccharide-induced proliferation and glycolysis in airway smooth muscle cells via activation of Drp1. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:9255-9263. [PMID: 30317624 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) proliferation is an important pathological process in airway remodeling contributes to increased mortality in asthma. Mitochondrial dynamics and metabolism have a central role in the maintenance of the cell function. In this study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ASMCs proliferative model was used to investigate the effect of mitochondria on the proliferation of ASMCs and the possible mechanism. We used cell and molecular biology to determine the effect of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) on LPS-mediated ASMCs cell cycle progression and glycolysis. The major findings of the current study are as follows: LPS promoted an increased mitochondrial fission and phosphorylation of Drp1 at Ser616 (p-Drp1 Ser616). LPS-induced ASMCs proliferation and cell cycle progression, which was significantly inhibited application of Drp1 RNA interfering. Glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) depressed ASMCs proliferative process induced by LPS stimulation. LPS caused mitochondrial metabolism disorders and aerobic glycolysis in a dependent on Drp1 activation. These results indicated that Drp1 may function as a key factor in asthma airway remodeling by mediating ASMC proliferation and cell cycle acceleration through an effect on mitochondrial metabolic disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Zhang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, China.,Department of Immunology, College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, China
| | - Cui Ma
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, China.,Department of Immunology, College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Siyu He
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yutian Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin of Commerce, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiufeng Yu
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, China.,Department of Immunology, College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, China
| | - Xijuan Zhao
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, China.,Department of Immunology, College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, China
| | - Fei Li
- College of Basic Medicine, Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, China
| | - Da-Ling Zhu
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, State Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Daqing, China.,Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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56
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Wang P, Fernandez-Sanz C, Wang W, Sheu SS. Why don't mice lacking the mitochondrial Ca 2+ uniporter experience an energy crisis? J Physiol 2018; 598:1307-1326. [PMID: 30218574 DOI: 10.1113/jp276636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Current dogma holds that the heart balances energy demand and supply effectively and sustainably by sequestering enough Ca2+ into mitochondria during heartbeats to stimulate metabolic enzymes in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and electron transport chain (ETC). This process is called excitation-contraction-bioenergetics (ECB) coupling. Recent breakthroughs in identifying the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU) and its associated proteins have opened up new windows for interrogating the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis regulation and its role in ECB coupling. Despite remarkable progress made in the past 7 years, it has been surprising, almost disappointing, that germline MCU deficiency in mice with certain genetic background yields viable pups, and knockout of the MCU in adult heart does not cause lethality. Moreover, MCU deficiency results in few adverse phenotypes, normal performance, and preserved bioenergetics in the heart at baseline. In this review, we briefly assess the existing literature on mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis regulation and then we consider possible explanations for why MCU-deficient mice are spared from energy crises under physiological conditions. We propose that MCU and/or mitochondrial Ca2+ may have limited ability to set ECB coupling, that other mitochondrial Ca2+ handling mechanisms may play a role, and that extra-mitochondrial Ca2+ may regulate ECB coupling. Since the heart needs to regenerate a significant amount of ATP to assure the perpetuation of heartbeats, multiple mechanisms are likely to work in concert to match energy supply with demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Wang
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Celia Fernandez-Sanz
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Wang Wang
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Shey-Shing Sheu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
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57
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Ding M, Feng N, Tang D, Feng J, Li Z, Jia M, Liu Z, Gu X, Wang Y, Fu F, Pei J. Melatonin prevents Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission in diabetic hearts through SIRT1-PGC1α pathway. J Pineal Res 2018; 65:e12491. [PMID: 29575122 PMCID: PMC6099285 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial contractile dysfunction is associated with an increase in mitochondrial fission in patients with diabetes. However, whether mitochondrial fission directly promotes diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction is still unknown. Melatonin exerts a substantial influence on the regulation of mitochondrial fission/fusion. This study investigated whether melatonin protects against diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction via regulation of mitochondrial fission/fusion and explored its underlying mechanisms. Here, we show that melatonin prevented diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction by inhibiting dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-mediated mitochondrial fission. Melatonin treatment decreased Drp1 expression, inhibited mitochondrial fragmentation, suppressed oxidative stress, reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, improved mitochondrial function and cardiac function in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice, but not in SIRT1-/- diabetic mice. In high glucose-exposed H9c2 cells, melatonin treatment increased the expression of SIRT1 and PGC-1α and inhibited Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission and mitochondria-derived superoxide production. In contrast, SIRT1 or PGC-1α siRNA knockdown blunted the inhibitory effects of melatonin on Drp1 expression and mitochondrial fission. These data indicated that melatonin exerted its cardioprotective effects by reducing Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission in a SIRT1/PGC-1α-dependent manner. Moreover, chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that PGC-1α directly regulated the expression of Drp1 by binding to its promoter. Inhibition of mitochondrial fission with Drp1 inhibitor mdivi-1 suppressed oxidative stress, alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiac dysfunction in diabetic mice. These findings show that melatonin attenuates the development of diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction by preventing mitochondrial fission through SIRT1-PGC1α pathway, which negatively regulates the expression of Drp1 directly. Inhibition of mitochondrial fission may be a potential target for delaying cardiac complications in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingge Ding
- Department of Cardiology and Department of GeriatricsXi'an Central HospitalXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Na Feng
- Department of PhysiologyNational Key Discipline of Cell BiologySchool of Basic MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Daishi Tang
- Department of EndocrinologyAffiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian UniversityDalianChina
| | - Jiahao Feng
- Department of PhysiologyNational Key Discipline of Cell BiologySchool of Basic MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Zeyang Li
- Department of PhysiologyNational Key Discipline of Cell BiologySchool of Basic MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Min Jia
- Department of PhysiologyNational Key Discipline of Cell BiologySchool of Basic MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- Department of PhysiologyNational Key Discipline of Cell BiologySchool of Basic MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Xiaoming Gu
- Department of PhysiologyNational Key Discipline of Cell BiologySchool of Basic MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yuemin Wang
- Department of PhysiologyNational Key Discipline of Cell BiologySchool of Basic MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Feng Fu
- Department of PhysiologyNational Key Discipline of Cell BiologySchool of Basic MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Jianming Pei
- Department of PhysiologyNational Key Discipline of Cell BiologySchool of Basic MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
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58
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Zhang H, Gong G, Wang P, Zhang Z, Kolwicz SC, Rabinovitch PS, Tian R, Wang W. Heart specific knockout of Ndufs4 ameliorates ischemia reperfusion injury. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 123:38-45. [PMID: 30165037 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a leading cause of mortality. The most effective intervention for IHD is reperfusion, which ironically causes ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury mainly due to oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte death. The exact mechanism and site of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation during I/R injury remain elusive. OBJECTIVE We aim to test the hypothesis that Complex I-mediated forward and reverse electron flows are the major source of ROS in I/R injury of the heart. METHODS AND RESULTS We used a genetic model of mitochondrial Complex I deficiency, in which a Complex I assembling subunit, Ndufs4 was knocked out in the heart (Ndufs4H-/-). The Langendorff perfused Ndufs4H-/- hearts exhibited significantly reduced infarct size (45.3 ± 5.5% in wild type vs 20.9 ± 8.1% in Ndufs4H-/-), recovered contractile function, and maintained mitochondrial membrane potential after no flow ischemia and subsequent reperfusion. In cultured adult cardiomyocytes from Ndufs4H-/- mice, I/R mimetic treatments caused minimal cell death. Reintroducing Ndufs4 in Ndufs4H-/- cardiomyocytes abolished the protection. Mitochondrial NADH declined much slower in Ndufs4H-/- cardiomyocytes during reperfusion suggesting decreased forward electron flow. Mitochondrial flashes, a marker for mitochondrial respiration, were inhibited in Ndufs4H-/- cardiomyocytes at baseline and during I/R, which was accompanied by preserved aconitase activity suggesting lack of oxidative damage. Finally, pharmacological blockade of forward and reverse electron flow at Complex I inhibited I/R-induced cell death. CONCLUSIONS These results provide the first genetic evidence supporting the central role of mitochondrial Complex I in I/R injury of mouse heart. The study also suggests that both forward and reverse electron flows underlie oxidative cardiomyocyte death during reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiliang Zhang
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Guohua Gong
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Pei Wang
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Stephen C Kolwicz
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | - Rong Tian
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Wang Wang
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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59
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Brand CS, Tan VP, Brown JH, Miyamoto S. RhoA regulates Drp1 mediated mitochondrial fission through ROCK to protect cardiomyocytes. Cell Signal 2018; 50:48-57. [PMID: 29953931 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac ischemia/reperfusion, loss of blood flow and its subsequent restoration, causes damage to the heart. Oxidative stress from ischemia/reperfusion leads to dysfunction and death of cardiomyocytes, increasing the risk of progression to heart failure. Alterations in mitochondrial dynamics, in particular mitochondrial fission, have been suggested to play a role in cardioprotection from oxidative stress. We tested the hypothesis that activation of RhoA regulates mitochondrial fission in cardiomyocytes. Our studies show that expression of constitutively active RhoA in cardiomyocytes increases phosphorylation of Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) at serine-616, and leads to localization of Drp1 at mitochondria. Both responses are blocked by inhibition of Rho-associated Protein Kinase (ROCK). Endogenous RhoA activation by the GPCR agonist sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) also increases Drp1 phosphorylation and its mitochondrial translocation in a RhoA and ROCK dependent manner. Consistent with the role of mitochondrial Drp1 in fission, RhoA activation in cardiomyocytes leads to formation of smaller mitochondria and this is attenuated by inhibition of ROCK, by siRNA knockdown of Drp1 or by expression of a phosphorylation-deficient Drp1 S616A mutant. In addition, activation of RhoA prevents cell death in cardiomyocytes challenged by oxidative stress and this protection is blocked by siRNA knockdown of Drp1 or by Drp1 S616A expression. Taken together our findings demonstrate that RhoA activation can regulate Drp1 to induce mitochondrial fission and subsequent cellular protection, implicating regulation of fission as a novel mechanism contributing to RhoA-mediated cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron S Brand
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Valerie P Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Joan Heller Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States.
| | - Shigeki Miyamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States.
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61
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Ciarlo L, Vona R, Manganelli V, Gambardella L, Raggi C, Marconi M, Malorni W, Sorice M, Garofalo T, Matarrese P. Recruitment of mitofusin 2 into "lipid rafts" drives mitochondria fusion induced by Mdivi-1. Oncotarget 2018; 9:18869-18884. [PMID: 29721168 PMCID: PMC5922362 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulation of the mitochondrial dynamics and the balance between fusion and fission processes are crucial for the health and fate of the cell. Mitochondrial fusion and fission machinery is controlled by key proteins such as mitofusins, OPA-1 and several further molecules. In the present work we investigated the implication of lipid rafts in mitochondrial fusion induced by Mdivi-1. Our results underscore the possible implication of lipid "rafts" in mitochondrial morphogenetic changes and their homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ciarlo
- Oncology Unit, Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosa Vona
- Oncology Unit, Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Lucrezia Gambardella
- Oncology Unit, Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Raggi
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Marconi
- Oncology Unit, Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Walter Malorni
- Oncology Unit, Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Sorice
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Tina Garofalo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Matarrese
- Oncology Unit, Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.,Center of Metabolomics, Rome, Italy
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62
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Rosdah AA, Bond ST, Sivakumaran P, Hoque A, Oakhill JS, Drew BG, Delbridge LMD, Lim SY. Mdivi-1 Protects Human W8B2 + Cardiac Stem Cells from Oxidative Stress and Simulated Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:1771-1780. [PMID: 29054138 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac stem cell (CSC) therapy is a promising approach to treat ischemic heart disease. However, the poor survival of transplanted stem cells in the ischemic myocardium has been a major impediment in achieving an effective cell-based therapy against myocardial infarction. Inhibiting mitochondrial fission has been shown to promote survival of several cell types. However, the role of mitochondrial morphology in survival of human CSC remains unknown. In this study, we investigated whether mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 (Mdivi-1), an inhibitor of mitochondrial fission protein dynamin-related protein-1 (Drp1), can improve survival of a novel population of human W8B2+ CSCs in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress and simulated ischemia-reperfusion injury models. Mdivi-1 significantly reduced H2O2-induced cell death in a dose-dependent manner. This cytoprotective effect was accompanied by an increased proportion of cells with tubular mitochondria, but independent of mitochondrial membrane potential recovery and reduction of mitochondrial superoxide production. In simulated ischemia-reperfusion injury model, Mdivi-1 given as a pretreatment or throughout ischemia-reperfusion injury significantly reduced cell death. However, the cytoprotective effect of Mdivi-1 was not observed when given at reperfusion. Moreover, the cytoprotective effect of Mdivi-1 in the simulated ischemia-reperfusion injury model was not accompanied by changes in mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial membrane potential, or mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production. Mdivi-1 also did not affect mitochondrial bioenergetics of intact W8B2+ CSCs. Taken together, these experiments demonstrated that Mdivi-1 treatment of human W8B2+ CSCs enhances their survival and can be employed to improve therapeutic efficacy of CSCs for ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayeshah A Rosdah
- 1 St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research , Fitzroy, Australia .,2 Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia .,3 Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya , Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Simon T Bond
- 4 Molecular Metabolism and Ageing Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute , Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Ashfaqul Hoque
- 1 St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research , Fitzroy, Australia
| | - Jonathan S Oakhill
- 1 St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research , Fitzroy, Australia .,5 Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University , Melbourne, Australia
| | - Brian G Drew
- 4 Molecular Metabolism and Ageing Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute , Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lea M D Delbridge
- 2 Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shiang Y Lim
- 1 St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research , Fitzroy, Australia .,6 Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia
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Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism by which cytoplasmic elements are degraded intracellularly. Autophagy has also emerged as a major regulator of cardiac homeostasis and function. Autophagy preserves cardiac structure and function under baseline conditions and is activated during stress, limiting damage under most conditions. It reduces injury and preserves cardiac function during ischemia. It also reduces chronic ischemic remodeling and mediates the cardiac adaptation to pressure overload by restricting misfolded protein accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. Impairment of autophagy is involved in the development of diabetes and aging-induced cardiac abnormalities. Autophagy defects contribute to the development of cardiac proteinopathy and doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. However, massive activation of autophagy may be detrimental for the heart in certain stress conditions, such as reperfusion injury. In this review, we discuss recent evidence supporting the important role of autophagy and mitophagy in the regulation of cardiac homeostasis and adaptation to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Sciarretta
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy.,Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Yasuhiro Maejima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Daniela Zablocki
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA;
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA;
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64
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Wang W, Fernandez-Sanz C, Sheu SS. Regulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics by the non-canonical roles of mitochondrial dynamics proteins in the heart. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1864:1991-2001. [PMID: 28918113 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancement in mitochondrial research has significantly extended our knowledge on the role and regulation of mitochondria in health and disease. One important breakthrough is the delineation of how mitochondrial morphological changes, termed mitochondrial dynamics, are coupled to the bioenergetics and signaling functions of mitochondria. In general, it is believed that fusion leads to an increased mitochondrial respiration efficiency and resistance to stress-induced dysfunction while fission does the contrary. This concept seems not applicable to adult cardiomyocytes. The mitochondria in adult cardiomyocytes exhibit fragmented morphology (tilted towards fission) and show less networking and movement as compared to other cell types. However, being the most energy-demanding cells, cardiomyocytes in the adult heart possess vast number of mitochondria, high level of energy flow, and abundant mitochondrial dynamics proteins. This apparent discrepancy could be explained by recently identified new functions of the mitochondrial dynamics proteins. These "non-canonical" roles of mitochondrial dynamics proteins range from controlling inter-organelle communication to regulating cell viability and survival under metabolic stresses. Here, we summarize the newly identified non-canonical roles of mitochondrial dynamics proteins. We focus on how these fission and fusion independent roles of dynamics proteins regulate mitochondrial bioenergetics. We also discuss potential molecular mechanisms, unique intracellular location, and the cardiovascular disease relevance of these non-canonical roles of the dynamics proteins. We propose that future studies are warranted to differentiate the canonical and non-canonical roles of dynamics proteins and to identify new approaches for the treatment of heart diseases. This article is part of a Special issue entitled Cardiac adaptations to obesity, diabetes and insulin resistance, edited by Professors Jan F.C. Glatz, Jason R.B. Dyck and Christine Des Rosiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Wang
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Celia Fernandez-Sanz
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Shey-Shing Sheu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
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65
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Nah J, Miyamoto S, Sadoshima J. Mitophagy as a Protective Mechanism against Myocardial Stress. Compr Physiol 2017; 7:1407-1424. [PMID: 28915329 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c170005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that can undergo fusion, fission, biogenesis, and autophagic elimination to maintain mitochondrial quality control. Since the heart is in constant need of high amounts of energy, mitochondria, as a central energy supply source, play a crucial role in maintaining optimal cardiac performance. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with the pathophysiology of heart diseases. In non-dividing, post-mitotic cells such as cardiomyocytes, elimination of dysfunctional organelles is essential to maintaining cellular function because non-dividing cells cannot dilute dysfunctional organelles through cell division. In this review, we discuss the recent findings regarding the physiological role of mitophagy in the heart and cardiomyocytes. Moreover, we discuss the functional role of mitophagy in the progression of cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial ischemic injury, diabetic cardiomyopathy, cardiac hypertrophy, and heart failure. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:1407-1424, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihoon Nah
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Shigeki Miyamoto
- University of California San Diego, Department of Pharmacology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
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66
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Konstantinidis K. A new side to an old coin: dynamin related protein-1 with benefits in the heart. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 113:118-119. [PMID: 28003271 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Klitos Konstantinidis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University
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