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Shink E, Harvey M, Tremblay M, Gagné B, Belleau P, Raymond C, Labbé M, Dubé MP, Lafrenière RG, Barden N. Analysis of microsatellite markers and single nucleotide polymorphisms in candidate genes for susceptibility to bipolar affective disorder in the chromosome 12Q24.31 region. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2005; 135B:50-8. [PMID: 15768393 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Previous results from our genetic analyses using pedigrees from a French Canadian population suggested that the interval delimited by markers D12S86 and D12S378 on chromosome 12 was the most probable genomic region to contain a susceptibility gene for affective disorders. Here we present a more detailed genetic analysis of a 7.7 Mb genomic region located on 12q24.31. This region was saturated with 20 microsatellite markers to refine the candidate region and linkage analysis performed in 41 families from the Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean (SLSJ) region of Quebec. The results of two point parametric analysis using MFLINK supported the presence of a susceptibility locus on chromosome 12q24.31. Association studies with microsatellite markers using a case/control sample from the same population (n = 401) and analyzed with CLUMP revealed significant allelic associations between the bipolar phenotype and markers NBG6 (P = 0.008) and NBG12 (P < 10(-3)). According to these results, we investigated candidate genes in the NBG12 area. We analyzed 32 genes for the presence of polymorphisms in coding sequences and intron/exon junctions and genotyped 22 non-synonymous SNPs in the SLSJ case/control sample. Two uncommon polymorphisms (minor allele frequency < or = 0.03) found in KIAA1595 and FLJ22471 genes, gave P-values below 0.05 with the T1 statistic. Moreover, using haplotype analysis, a nearly significant haplotypic association was observed at the HM74 gene. These results do not give strong support for a role in the susceptibility to bipolar disorder of any of these genes analyzed. However, the significance of rare polymorphisms should be explored by further analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Shink
- Neuroscience, CHUL Research Center and Laval University, CHUQ Pavillon CHUL, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada
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52
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Thomson PA, Wray NR, Thomson AM, Dunbar DR, Grassie MA, Condie A, Walker MT, Smith DJ, Pulford DJ, Muir W, Blackwood DHR, Porteous DJ. Sex-specific association between bipolar affective disorder in women and GPR50, an X-linked orphan G protein-coupled receptor. Mol Psychiatry 2005; 10:470-8. [PMID: 15452587 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
GPR50 is an orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) located on Xq28, a region previously implicated in multiple genetic studies of bipolar affective disorder (BPAD). Allele frequencies of three polymorphisms in GPR50 were compared in case-control studies between subjects with BPAD (264), major depressive disorder (MDD) (226), or schizophrenia (SCZ) (263) and ethnically matched controls (562). Significant associations were found between an insertion/deletion polymorphism in exon 2 and both BPAD (P=0.0070), and MDD (P=0.011) with increased risk associated with the deletion variant (GPR50(Delta502-505)). When the analysis was restricted to female subjects, the associations with BPAD and MDD increased in significance (P=0.00023 and P=0.0064, respectively). Two other single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) tested within this gene showed associations between: the female MDD group and an SNP in exon 2 (P=0.0096); and female SCZ and an intronic SNP (P=0.0014). No association was detected in males with either MDD, BPAD or SCZ. These results suggest that GPR50(Delta502-505), or a variant in tight linkage disequilibrium with this polymorphism, is a sex-specific risk factor for susceptibility to bipolar disorder, and that other variants in the gene may be sex-specific risk factors in the development of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Thomson
- Medical Genetics Section, University of Edinburgh, Molecular Medicine Centre, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland.
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53
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Maziade M, Roy MA, Chagnon YC, Cliche D, Fournier JP, Montgrain N, Dion C, Lavallée JC, Garneau Y, Gingras N, Nicole L, Pirès A, Ponton AM, Potvin A, Wallot H, Mérette C. Shared and specific susceptibility loci for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a dense genome scan in Eastern Quebec families. Mol Psychiatry 2005; 10:486-99. [PMID: 15534619 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to identify susceptibility loci shared by schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BP), or specific to each. To this end, we performed a dense genome scan in a first sample of 21 multigenerational families of Eastern Quebec affected by SZ, BP or both (N=480 family members). This probably constitutes the first genome scan of SZ and BP that used the same ascertainment, statistical and molecular methods for the concurrent study of the two disorders. We genotyped 607 microsatellite markers of which 350 were spaced by 10 cM and 257 others were follow-up markers in positive regions at the 10 cM scan. Lander and Kruglyak thresholds were conservatively adjusted for multiple testings. We maximized the lod scores (mod score) over eight combinations (2 phenotype severity levels x 2 models of transmission x 2 analyses, affected/unaffected vs affected-only). We observed five genomewide significant linkages with mod score >4.0: three for BP (15q11.1, 16p12.3, 18q12-q21) and two for the shared phenotype, that is, the common locus (CL) phenotype (15q26,18q12-q21). Nine mod scores exceeded the suggestive threshold of 2.6: three for BP (3q21, 10p13, 12q23), three for SZ (6p22, 13q13, 18q21) and three for the CL phenotype (2q12.3, 13q14, 16p13). Mod scores >1.9 might represent confirmatory linkages of formerly reported genomewide significant findings such as our finding in 6p22.3 for SZ. Several regions appeared to be shared by SZ and BP. One linkage signal (15q26) appeared novel, whereas others overlapped formerly reported susceptibility regions. Despite the methodological limitations we raised, our data support the following trends: (i) results from several genome scans of SZ and BP in different populations tend to converge in specific genomic regions and (ii) some of these susceptibility regions may be shared by SZ and BP, whereas others may be specific to each. The present results support the relevance of investigating concurrently SZ and BP within the same study and have implications for the modelling of genetic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Maziade
- Department of Psychiatry, Laval University, Quebec G1J 2G3, Canada.
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Glaser B, Kirov G, Green E, Craddock N, Owen MJ. Linkage disequilibrium mapping of bipolar affective disorder at 12q23-q24 provides evidence for association at CUX2 and FLJ32356. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2005; 132B:38-45. [PMID: 15389760 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Chromosome 12q23-q24 has been implicated by several linkage studies as harboring a gene for bipolar affective disorder. We performed linkage disequilibrium (LD) mapping with 17 microsatellite markers across a 1.6 Mb-wide segment forming the central part of our narrowest linkage region. A significant signal (P = 0.0016) was identified for one microsatellite marker in our UK Caucasian case-control sample (347 cases, 374 controls). Genes, including regulatory elements, around this marker were screened for mutations and the LD structure of the region determined by genotyping 22 SNPs and insertion/deletion polymorphisms in 94 individuals. A set of 11 haplotype tagging (ht) SNPs was genotyped in our sample using a two-stage procedure. Two SNPs (rs3847953 and rs933399) and an insertion/deletion with putative functional relevance (which are in high LD with each other and with the microsatellite marker) showed significant or nearly significant association with bipolar disorder after Bonferroni-correction (reaching nominal P values from P = 0.002 to P = 0.005). In a sample of 110 UK Caucasian parent-offspring trios there was a trend for an over transmission in the same direction that failed to meet conventional levels of statistical significance. Our data provide evidence for association between bipolar mood disorder and markers on chromosome 12q23-q24 but need replication in independent samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Glaser
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF4 4XN, Wales, UK
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55
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Chagnon YC. Shared chromosomal susceptibility regions between autism and other mental disorders. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2005; 71:419-43. [PMID: 16512360 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7742(05)71017-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yvon C Chagnon
- Genetic and Molecular Psychiatry Unit, Robert-Giffard Research Center, Laval University, Beauport, Québec, Canada
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56
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Provençal N, Shink E, Harvey M, Tremblay M, Barden N. Analysis of a variable number tandem repeat polymorphism in the huntingtin interacting protein-1 related gene for anticipation in bipolar affective disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2004; 28:1299-303. [PMID: 15588756 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2004.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2004] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The anticipation phenomenon, described as either an increase in disease severity, a decrease in age at onset, or both, in successive generations, has been suggested as a possibility of genetic transmission for bipolar affective disorder. We report here investigation of the stability of intergenerational transmission of a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism, found in the Huntingtin interacting protein-1 related gene (HIP12/HIP1R) that is mapped to the chromosome 12q24.31 region, in nine pedigrees showing decreased age at onset in successive generations. We did not observe any allelic instability but we report a deletion that includes this VNTR polymorphism. Allelic and genotypic association studies should be undertaken to verify the involvement of HIP12/HIP1R in bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Provençal
- Neuroscience, CHUL Research Center and Laval University, CHUQ Pavillon CHUL, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada G1V 4G2
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Fallin MD, Lasseter VK, Wolyniec PS, McGrath JA, Nestadt G, Valle D, Liang KY, Pulver AE. Genomewide linkage scan for bipolar-disorder susceptibility loci among Ashkenazi Jewish families. Am J Hum Genet 2004; 75:204-19. [PMID: 15208783 PMCID: PMC1216055 DOI: 10.1086/422474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2004] [Accepted: 05/10/2004] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The relatively short history of linkage studies in bipolar disorders (BPs) has produced inconsistent findings. Implicated regions have been large, with reduced levels of significance and modest effect sizes. Both phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity may have contributed to the failure to define risk loci. BP is part of a spectrum of apparently familial affective disorders, which have been organized by severity. Heterogeneity may arise because of insufficient data to define the spectrum boundaries, and, in general, the less-severe disorders are more difficult to diagnose reliably. To address the inherent complexities in detecting BP susceptibility loci, we have used restricted diagnostic classifications and a genetically more homogeneous (Ashkenazi Jewish) family collection to perform a 9-cM autosomal genomewide linkage scan. Although they are genetically more homogeneous, there are no data to suggest that the rate of illness in the Ashkenazim differs from that in other populations. In a genome scan of 41 Ashkenazi pedigrees with a proband affected with bipolar I disorder (BPI) and at least one other member affected with BPI or bipolar II disorder (BPII), we identified four regions suggestive of linkage on chromosomes 1, 3, 11, and 18. Follow-up genotyping showed that the regions on chromosomes 1, 3, and 18 are also suggestive of linkage in a subset of pedigrees limited to relative pairs affected with BPI. Furthermore, our chromosome 18q22 signal (D18S541 and D18S477) overlaps with previous BP findings. This research is being conducted in parallel with our companion study of schizophrenia, in which, by use of an identical approach, we recently reported significant evidence for a schizophrenia susceptibility locus in the Ashkenazim on chromosome 10q22.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Daniele Fallin
- Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Pediatrics, Molecular Biology, and Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - Virginia K. Lasseter
- Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Pediatrics, Molecular Biology, and Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - Paula S. Wolyniec
- Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Pediatrics, Molecular Biology, and Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - John A. McGrath
- Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Pediatrics, Molecular Biology, and Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - Gerald Nestadt
- Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Pediatrics, Molecular Biology, and Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - David Valle
- Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Pediatrics, Molecular Biology, and Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - Kung-Yee Liang
- Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Pediatrics, Molecular Biology, and Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - Ann E. Pulver
- Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Pediatrics, Molecular Biology, and Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore
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McInnis MG, Dick DM, Willour VL, Avramopoulos D, MacKinnon DF, Simpson SG, Potash JB, Edenberg HJ, Bowman ES, McMahon FJ, Smiley C, Chellis JL, Huo Y, Diggs T, Meyer ET, Miller M, Matteini AT, Rau NL, DePaulo JR, Gershon ES, Badner JA, Rice JP, Goate AM, Detera-Wadleigh SD, Nurnberger JI, Reich T, Zandi PP, Foroud TM. Genome-wide scan and conditional analysis in bipolar disorder: evidence for genomic interaction in the National Institute of Mental Health genetics initiative bipolar pedigrees. Biol Psychiatry 2003; 54:1265-73. [PMID: 14643094 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2003.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 1989 the National Institute of Mental Health began a collaborative effort to identify genes for bipolar disorder. The first 97 pedigrees showed evidence of linkage to chromosomes 1, 6, 7, 10, 16, and 22 (Nurnberger et al 1997). An additional 56 bipolar families have been genotyped, and the combined sample of 153 pedigrees studied. METHODS Three hierarchical affection status models were analyzed with 513 simple sequence repeat markers; 298 were common across all pedigrees. The primary analysis was a nonparametric genome-wide scan. We performed conditional analyses based on epistasis or heterogeneity for five regions. RESULTS One region, on 16p13, was significant at the genome-wide p <.05 level. Four additional chromosomal regions (20p12, 11p15, 6q24, and 10p12) showed nominally significant linkage findings (p </=.01). Conditional analysis assuming epistasis identified a significant increase in linkage at four regions. Families linked to 6q24 showed a significant increase in nonparametric logarithms of the odds (NPL) scores at 5q11 and 7q21. Epistasis also was observed between 20p12 and 13q21, and 16p13 and 9q21. CONCLUSIONS The findings are presented in rank order of nominal significance. Several of these regions have been previously implicated in independent studies of either bipolar disorder or schizophrenia. The strongest finding is at 16p13 at D16S748 with an NPL of 3.3, there is evidence of epistasis between this locus and 9q21. Application of conditional analyses is potentially useful in larger sample collections to identify susceptibility genes of modest influence that may not be identified in a genome-wide scan aimed to identify single gene effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melvin G McInnis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21287-7463, USA
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