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Cao Y, Xie L, Shi F, Tang M, Li Y, Hu J, Zhao L, Zhao L, Yu X, Luo X, Liao W, Bode AM. Targeting the signaling in Epstein-Barr virus-associated diseases: mechanism, regulation, and clinical study. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:15. [PMID: 33436584 PMCID: PMC7801793 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00376-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein–Barr virus-associated diseases are important global health concerns. As a group I carcinogen, EBV accounts for 1.5% of human malignances, including both epithelial- and lymphatic-originated tumors. Moreover, EBV plays an etiological and pathogenic role in a number of non-neoplastic diseases, and is even involved in multiple autoimmune diseases (SADs). In this review, we summarize and discuss some recent exciting discoveries in EBV research area, which including DNA methylation alterations, metabolic reprogramming, the changes of mitochondria and ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), oxidative stress and EBV lytic reactivation, variations in non-coding RNA (ncRNA), radiochemotherapy and immunotherapy. Understanding and learning from this advancement will further confirm the far-reaching and future value of therapeutic strategies in EBV-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Cao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China. .,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China. .,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, 410078, Changsha, China. .,Research Center for Technologies of Nucleic Acid-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics Hunan Province, 410078, Changsha, China. .,Molecular Imaging Research Center of Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,National Joint Engineering Research Center for Genetic Diagnostics of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, 410078, Changsha, China. .,Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China.
| | - Longlong Xie
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, 410078, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, 410078, Changsha, China
| | - Min Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, 410078, Changsha, China.,Molecular Imaging Research Center of Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yueshuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, 410078, Changsha, China
| | - Jianmin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, 410078, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, 410078, Changsha, China
| | - Luqing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China
| | - Xinfang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, 410078, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangjian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, 410078, Changsha, China.,Molecular Imaging Research Center of Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weihua Liao
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
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52
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Feng R, Chang ET, Liu Q, Cai Y, Zhang Z, Chen G, Huang QH, Xie SH, Cao SM, Zhang Y, Yun JP, Jia WH, Zheng Y, Liao J, Chen Y, Huang T, Lin L, Ernberg I, Huang G, Zeng YX, Adami HO, Ye W. Intake of Alcohol and Tea and Risk of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Population-Based Case-Control Study in Southern China. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 30:545-553. [PMID: 33303643 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-1244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential effect of alcohol or tea intake on the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains controversial. METHODS In a population-based case-control study in southern China, we assessed alcohol or tea intake from 2,441 histopathologically confirmed NPC cases and 2,546 controls. We calculated mean daily ethanol (g/day) and tea intake (mL/day). Fully adjusted ORs with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using logistic regression; potential dose-response trends were evaluated using restricted cubic spline analysis. RESULTS Compared with nondrinkers, no significantly increased NPC risk in men was observed among current alcohol drinkers overall (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.93-1.25), nor among current heavy drinkers (OR for ≥90 g/day ethanol vs. none, 1.32; 95% CI, 0.95-1.84) or former alcohol drinkers. Current tea drinking was associated with a decreased NPC risk (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.64-0.84). Compared with never drinkers, those with the low first three quintiles of mean daily current intake of tea were at significantly lower NPC risk (OR, 0.53, 0.68, and 0.65, respectively), but not significant for the next two quintiles. Current daily tea intake had a significant nonlinear dose-response relation with NPC risk. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests no significant association between alcohol and NPC risk. Tea drinking may moderately reduce NPC risk, but the lack of a monotonic dose-response association complicates causal inference. IMPACT Tea drinking might be a healthy habit for preventing NPC. More studies on biological mechanisms that may link tea with NPC risk are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimei Feng
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics and Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ellen T Chang
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Exponent, Inc., Center for Health Sciences, Menlo Park, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonglin Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, China.,Wuzhou Health System Key Laboratory for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Etiology and Molecular Mechanism, Wuzhou, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
| | - Guomin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control, Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | | | - Shang-Hang Xie
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Su-Mei Cao
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Ping Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Hua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuming Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, China.,Wuzhou Health System Key Laboratory for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Etiology and Molecular Mechanism, Wuzhou, China
| | - Jian Liao
- Cangwu Institute for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Control and Prevention, Wuzhou, China
| | - Yufeng Chen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tingting Huang
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Longde Lin
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
| | - Ingemar Ernberg
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Guangwu Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
| | - Yi-Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hans-Olov Adami
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Clinical Effectiveness Group, Institute of Health University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Weimin Ye
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics and Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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53
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Wu L, Wang J, Zhu D, Zhang S, Zhou X, Zhu W, Zhu J, He X. Circulating Epstein-Barr virus microRNA profile reveals novel biomarker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosis. Cancer Biomark 2020; 27:365-375. [PMID: 31958073 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-190160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a tumor quite prevalent in Asia, is closely associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection status. Many NPC patients are not able to be treated in time when being diagnosed at an advanced stage. EBV-encoded microRNAs are reliable sources of biomarkers for NPC diagnosis. In this study, we conducted circulating EBV microRNAs profiling by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) among plasma samples of 159 NPC patients versus 145 normal controls (NCs) and serum samples of 60 NPC patients versus 60 NCs. Among the 44 mature EBV-encoded miRNAs, only miR-BART19-3p in plasma was proved to be significantly up-regulated in NPC patients (P< 0.05; fold change (FC) > 2.0). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the signature to discriminate NPC patients from NCs was 0.848 with the sensitivity and specificity being 71.7% and 72.3%, respectively. The identified biomarker was analyzed in tissue specimens (44 NPC VS. 32 NCs) and proved to be consistently up-regulated in NPC tumor tissues. Bioinformatics analysis was further conducted to predict the potential targets of miR-BART-19-3p, which provided some hints to its close relationship with NPC development. In conclusion, we identified a novel biomarker - plasma miR-BART19-3p for the detection of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Danxia Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Hedström AK, Huang J, Brenner N, Butt J, Hillert J, Waterboer T, Kockum I, Olsson T, Alfredsson L. Smoking and Epstein-Barr virus infection in multiple sclerosis development. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10960. [PMID: 32620875 PMCID: PMC7335184 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67883-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
It is unclear whether smoking interacts with different aspects of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection with regard to multiple sclerosis (MS) risk. We aimed to investigate whether smoking acts synergistically with elevated EBNA-1 antibody levels or infectious mononucleosis (IM) history regarding MS risk. Two Swedish population-based case-control studies were used (6,340 cases and 6,219 matched controls). Subjects with different smoking, EBNA-1 and IM status were compared regarding MS risk, by calculating odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) employing logistic regression. Potential interaction on the additive scale was evaluated by calculating the attributable proportion due to interaction (AP). Current and past smokers had higher EBNA-1 antibody levels than never smokers (p < 0.0001). There was an additive interaction between current smoking and high EBNA-1 antibody levels (AP 0.3, 95% CI 0.2-0.4), but not between past smoking and high EBNA-1 antibody levels (AP 0.01, 95% CI - 0.1 to 0.1), with regard to MS risk. An interaction also occurred between current smoking and IM history (AP 0.2, 95% CI 0.004-0.4), but not between past smoking and IM history (AP - 0.06, 95% CI - 0.4 to 0.3). Current smoking increases EBNA-1 antibody levels and acts synergistically with both aspects of EBV infection to increase MS risk, indicating that there is at least one pathway to disease in which both risk factors are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Karin Hedström
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jesse Huang
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicole Brenner
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Butt
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Hillert
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tim Waterboer
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ingrid Kockum
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas Olsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Alfredsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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55
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Bakkalci D, Jia Y, Winter JR, Lewis JE, Taylor GS, Stagg HR. Risk factors for Epstein Barr virus-associated cancers: a systematic review, critical appraisal, and mapping of the epidemiological evidence. J Glob Health 2020; 10:010405. [PMID: 32257153 PMCID: PMC7125417 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.10.010405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) infects 90%-95% of all adults globally and causes ~ 1% of all cancers. Differing proportions of Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), gastric carcinoma (GC), Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are associated with EBV. We sought to systematically review the global epidemiological evidence for risk factors that (in addition to EBV) contribute to the development of the EBV-associated forms of these cancers, assess the quality of the evidence, and compare and contrast the cancers. METHODS MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science were searched for studies of risk factors for EBV-associated BL, GC, HL and NPC without language or temporal restrictions. Studies were excluded if there was no cancer-free comparator group or where analyses of risk factors were inadequately documented. After screening and reference list searching, data were extracted into standardised spreadsheets and quality assessed. Due to heterogeneity, a narrative synthesis was undertaken. RESULTS 9916 hits were retrieved. 271 papers were retained: two BL, 24 HL, one GC and 244 NPC. The majority of studies were from China, North America and Western Europe. Risk factors were categorised as dietary, environmental/non-dietary, human genetic, and infection and clinical. Anti-EBV antibody load was associated with EBV-associated GC and BL. Although the evidence could be inconsistent, HLA-A alleles, smoking, infectious mononucleosis and potentially other infections were risk factors for EBV-associated HL. Rancid dairy products; anti-EBV antibody and EBV DNA load; history of chronic ear, nose and/or throat conditions; herbal medicine use; family history; and human genetics were risk factors for NPC. Fresh fruit and vegetable and tea consumption may be protective against NPC. CONCLUSIONS Many epidemiological studies of risk factors in addition to EBV for the EBV-associated forms of BL, GC, HL and NPC have been undertaken, but there is a dearth of evidence for GC and BL. Available evidence is of variable quality. The aetiology of EBV-associated cancers likely results from a complex intersection of genetic, clinical, environmental and dietary factors, which is difficult to assess with observational studies. Large, carefully designed, studies need to be strategically undertaken to harmonise and clarify the evidence. REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42017059806.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Bakkalci
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
- Joint first authors, listed alphabetically
| | - Yumeng Jia
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Joint first authors, listed alphabetically
| | - Joanne R Winter
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
- Joint first authors, listed alphabetically
| | - Joanna Ea Lewis
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Graham S Taylor
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Joint senior authors
| | - Helen R Stagg
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Joint senior authors
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56
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Winter JR, Jackson C, Lewis JEA, Taylor GS, Thomas OG, Stagg HR. Predictors of Epstein-Barr virus serostatus and implications for vaccine policy: A systematic review of the literature. J Glob Health 2020; 10:010404. [PMID: 32257152 PMCID: PMC7125428 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.10.010404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an important human pathogen; it infects >90% people globally and is linked to infectious mononucleosis and several types of cancer. Vaccines against EBV are in development. In this study we present the first systematic review of the literature on risk factors for EBV infection, and discuss how they differ between settings, in order to improve our understanding of EBV epidemiology and aid the design of effective vaccination strategies. METHODS MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science were searched on 6th March 2017 for observational studies of risk factors for EBV infection. Studies were excluded if they were published before 2008 to ensure relevance to the modern day, given the importance of influencing future vaccination policies. There were no language restrictions. After title, abstract and full text screening, followed by checking the reference lists of included studies to identify further studies, data were extracted into standardised spreadsheets and quality assessed. A narrative synthesis was undertaken. RESULTS Seventy-seven papers met our inclusion criteria, including data from 31 countries. There was consistent evidence that EBV seroprevalence was associated with age, increasing throughout childhood and adolescence and remaining constant thereafter. EBV was generally acquired at younger ages in Asia than Europe/North America. There was also compelling evidence for an association between cytomegalovirus infection and EBV. Additional factors associated with EBV seroprevalence, albeit with less consistent evidence, included ethnicity, socioeconomic status, other chronic viral infections, and genetic variants of HLA and immune response genes. CONCLUSIONS Our study is the first systematic review to draw together the global literature on the risk factors for EBV infection and includes an evaluation of the quality of the published evidence. Across the literature, the factors examined are diverse. In Asia, early vaccination of infants would be required to prevent EBV infection. In contrast, in Western countries a vaccine could be deployed later, particularly if it has only a short duration of protection and the intention was to protect against infectious mononucleosis. There is a lack of high-quality data on the prevalence and age of EBV infection outside of Europe, North America and South-East Asia, which are essential for informing effective vaccination policies in these settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne R Winter
- Centre for Molecular Epidemiology and Translational Research, Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Charlotte Jackson
- Centre for Molecular Epidemiology and Translational Research, Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - Joanna EA Lewis
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit in Modelling Methodology and Medical Research Council Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Public Health, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Contributed equally and listed alphabetically
| | - Graham S Taylor
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Contributed equally and listed alphabetically
| | - Olivia G Thomas
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helen R Stagg
- Centre for Molecular Epidemiology and Translational Research, Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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57
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Verma N, Patel S, Osborn V, McBride S, Riaz N, Lee A, Katabi N, Sherman E, Lee NY, Tsai CJ. Prognostic significance of human papillomavirus and Epstein-Bar virus in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Head Neck 2020; 42:2364-2374. [PMID: 32415906 DOI: 10.1002/hed.26245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical significance of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is unclear. METHODS Three hundred and forty three patients with NPC diagnosed between 1998 and 2017 and treated at our institution were included. Chi-square was used to identify characteristics associated with viral status. Kaplan-Meier methods were used to estimate overall survival (OS) and Cox proportional regression was used to identify prognostic factors. RESULTS Patients with HPV-associated NPC were more likely to have a positive smoking history and to present at a higher T classification. At a median follow-up time of 59.9 months (range: 0.1-222.4 months), there were no differences in OS (P = .198), time to local failure (LF, P = .403), or time to distant metastasis (DM, P = .849) between the viral subgroups. Older age (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.242, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.374-3.659, P = .001) and higher overall stage (HR: 2.047, 95% CI 1.235-3.391, P = .005) were prognostic for worse OS. CONCLUSION In our population, viral status was not prognostic for OS, LF, or DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipun Verma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Suchit Patel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Virginia Osborn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, NYC Health and Hospitals Elmhurst and Queens, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sean McBride
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nadeem Riaz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anna Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nora Katabi
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eric Sherman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nancy Y Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chiaojung J Tsai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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58
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Roy Chattopadhyay N, Chatterjee K, Tiwari N, Chakrabarti S, Sahu SK, Deb Roy S, Ghosh A, Reddy RR, Das P, Mal S, Karnar BB, Das AK, Tsering S, Riba K, Puii Z, Zomawia E, Singh YI, Suryawanshi AR, Kumar A, Ganguly D, Goswami C, Choudhuri T. TLR9 Polymorphisms Might Contribute to the Ethnicity Bias for EBV-Infected Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. iScience 2020; 23:100937. [PMID: 32179470 PMCID: PMC7068130 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a rare malignancy in most parts of the world, but is endemic in some ethnic groups. The association of NPC with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is firmly established; however, the mechanism is still unclear. TLR9 is well known for its essential role in viral pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. Here, we report a set of TLR9 polymorphisms in the TIR-2 domain of the TLR9 protein collected from the EBV-infected NPC samples from northeast Indian populations sharing the aforesaid ethnicity. The occurrence of mutations is significantly high in these samples as we found a p value of <0.0001 at a significance level of 0.05. These might play an important role for the lack of function of TLR9 and thus for the higher occurrence of EBV-mediated NPC in such ethnic groups. EBV-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is endemic in Mongoloids TLR9 is essential for virus recognition and immunity against cancers Polymorphisms are common in TLR9 protein in EBV-infected Mongoloids with NPC NPC susceptibility prediction by TLR9 mutation screening in people for prevention
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Koustav Chatterjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva Bharati, Santiniketan, Bolpur 731235, India
| | - Nikhil Tiwari
- School of Biological Science, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Padnpur, Odisha 752050, India
| | | | - Sushil Kumar Sahu
- Depatrment of Pharmacology & Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Sankar Deb Roy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Eden Medical Center, Dimapur, Nagaland 797112, India
| | - Arijit Ghosh
- School of Biological Science, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Padnpur, Odisha 752050, India
| | - R Rajendra Reddy
- Clinical Proteomics, Institute of Life Sciences, 751023 Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Piyanki Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva Bharati, Santiniketan, Bolpur 731235, India
| | - Sudipa Mal
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva Bharati, Santiniketan, Bolpur 731235, India
| | - Basab Bijay Karnar
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva Bharati, Santiniketan, Bolpur 731235, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Das
- Dr B. Borooah Cancer Institute, ENT Department, Guwahati, Assam 781016, India
| | - Sam Tsering
- Tertiary Cancer Center, TomoRiba Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Naharlagun, Arunachal Pradesh 791110, India
| | - Komri Riba
- Tertiary Cancer Center, TomoRiba Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Naharlagun, Arunachal Pradesh 791110, India
| | - Zoreng Puii
- State Referral Hospital, Falkawn, Mizoram 796005, India
| | - Eric Zomawia
- State Referral Hospital, Falkawn, Mizoram 796005, India
| | - Y Indibar Singh
- Department of Radiotherapy, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur 795004, India
| | | | - Abhishek Kumar
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, 560100 Bangalore, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Dipyaman Ganguly
- Dendritic Cell Laboratory, Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 700032 Kolkata, India
| | - Chandan Goswami
- School of Biological Science, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Padnpur, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Tathagata Choudhuri
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva Bharati, Santiniketan, Bolpur 731235, India.
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Oudjehih M, Deltour I, Bouhidel ML, Bouhidel A, Marref A, Luzon V, Schüz J, Bouneceur H, Leon ME. Smokeless Tobacco Use, Cigarette Smoking, and Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancers: A Case-Control Study in the Batna Region, Algeria, 2008-2011. Tob Use Insights 2020; 13:1179173X20902239. [PMID: 32076371 PMCID: PMC7003171 DOI: 10.1177/1179173x20902239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A significant proportion of the Algerian population uses tobacco products and is at risk of developing tobacco-associated cancers. AIMS This case-control study reports on the association between tobacco use and the occurrence of upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancers in Batna, Algeria. METHODS Incident primary UADT cancer cases in residents of Batna in 2008-2011 were identified using the regional tumor registry. One hospital and 1 population control were matched to each case by sex, year of birth, and residence. Information on tobacco use was collected, and odds ratios (ORs) were obtained using conditional logistic regression also after sex stratification. RESULTS The study included 192 cases (80%) of the 241 primary UADT cancer cases identified and 384 controls. Males represented 76.6% of cancer cases. Cancers of the nasopharynx (48%) and the larynx (26%) were the most common types. Ever use of smokeless tobacco (ST) (OR = 1.0; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.6-1.5) or current ST use (OR = 1.1; 95% CI: 0.6-1.7) was not associated with overall risk of UADT cancers. Associations with cancers of the nasopharynx (OR = 1.5; 95% CI: 0.5-4.6) and oral cavity/oropharynx (OR = 3.0; 95% CI: 0.8-11.8) were found when comparing use of ST only to no consumption of any tobacco. Cigarette smoking was associated with an increase in the overall risk of UADT cancers, with a 3-fold increase in the risk of laryngeal cancer when comparing smoking only to no consumption of any tobacco (OR = 3.3; 95% CI: 1.0-11.5). Associations for smokers who also consumed ST differed by cancer site. CONCLUSION In this study from Algeria dominated by male cases and by cancer in the nasopharynx, cigarette smoking but not ST was associated with UADT cancer. Analyses by anatomical site and using as reference never use of any type of tobacco suggested few associations with ST but of lower precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Messaouda Oudjehih
- Medical Faculty, Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Department, University of Batna, Batna, Algeria
- Cancer Registry of the Wilaya of Batna, University Hospital of Batna, Batna, Algeria
| | - Isabelle Deltour
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Mohamed Larbi Bouhidel
- Medical Faculty, Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Department, University of Batna, Batna, Algeria
- Cancer Registry of the Wilaya of Batna, University Hospital of Batna, Batna, Algeria
| | - Atika Bouhidel
- Medical Faculty, Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Department, University of Batna, Batna, Algeria
- Cancer Registry of the Wilaya of Batna, University Hospital of Batna, Batna, Algeria
| | - Abdelwahab Marref
- Cancer Registry of the Wilaya of Batna, University Hospital of Batna, Batna, Algeria
| | - Véronique Luzon
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Joachim Schüz
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Hocine Bouneceur
- Medical Faculty, Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Department, University of Batna, Batna, Algeria
| | - Maria E Leon
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
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Huang Q, Hou S, Zhu X, Liu S. MicroRNA-192 promotes the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma through targeting RB1 and activating PI3K/AKT pathway. World J Surg Oncol 2020; 18:29. [PMID: 32013999 PMCID: PMC6998165 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-020-1798-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been found in diseases and cancers, including microRNA-192 (miR-192). This study was designed to investigate the role of miR-192 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) progression. METHODS The expression levels of miR-192 and some genes were assessed by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The function of miR-192 was investigated through MTT, Transwell, and dual-luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS The expression of miR-192 was increased in NPC tissues, and high miR-192 expression predicted poor prognosis in NPC patients. Functionally, upregulation of miR-192 promoted NPC cell migration, invasion, and growth. Furthermore, miR-192 activated EMT and PI3K/AKT pathway to regulate NPC progression. In addition, miR-192 directly targeted RB1 and suppressed its expression in NPC. Moreover, overexpression of RB1 weakened the promoted effect of miR-192 in NPC. CONCLUSION miR-192 promoted cell viability and metastasis in NPC through suppressing RB1 expression and activating PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingli Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, No.67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Sen Hou
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yanggu People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuqing Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chiping People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouzhou Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, No.67 Dongchang West Road, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
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61
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Hsu WL, Chien YC, Huang YT, Yu KJ, Ko JY, Lin CY, Tsou YA, Leu YS, Liao LJ, Chang YL, Su JY, Liu Z, Wang CP, Terng SD, Hua CH, Lee JC, Yang TL, Kate Hsiao CH, Wu MS, Tsai MH, Liu MJ, Lou PJ, Hildesheim A, Chen CJ. Cigarette smoking increases the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma through the elevated level of IgA antibody against Epstein-Barr virus capsid antigen: A mediation analysis. Cancer Med 2020; 9:1867-1876. [PMID: 31925935 PMCID: PMC7050088 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The study aims are to evaluate the associations between nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) risk and cigarette smoking and to explore the effects of cigarette smoking on Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) infection for NPC risk. Methods 1235 male NPC cases and 1262 hospital‐based male controls matched to cases were recruited across six collaborative hospitals between 2010 and 2014. Using a standardized questionnaire, information on cigarette smoking and other potential risk factors for NPC was obtained. Blood was collected and used for anti‐EBV VCA IgA and anti‐EBV EA‐EBNA1 IgA testing using standard methods. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for each risk factor after adjusting for confounders. Results 63.6% of cases and 44.0% of controls reported ever smoking cigarettes. After full adjustment, current smokers had a significant 1.60‐fold (95% CI = 1.30‐1.97) and former smokers a borderline significant 1.27‐fold (95% CI = 1.00‐1.60) increased NPC risk compared to never smokers. NPC risk increased with increasing duration, intensity, and pack‐years of cigarette smoking but not with age at smoking initiation. Among controls, anti‐EBV VCA IgA seropositivity rate was higher in current smokers than never smokers (14.0% vs 8.4%; OR = 1.82; 95% CI = 1.19‐2.79). Mediation analyses showed that more than 90% of the cigarette smoking effect on NPC risk is mediated through anti‐EBV VCA IgA. Conclusion This study confirms the association between long‐term cigarette smoking and NPC and demonstrates that current smoking is associated with seropositivity of anti‐EBV VCA IgA antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Lun Hsu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Chu Chien
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Tsung Huang
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kelly J Yu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jenq-Yuh Ko
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yuan Lin
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-An Tsou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shing Leu
- Department of Otolaryngology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jen Liao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Liang Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Ying Su
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Cheng-Ping Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shyuang-Der Terng
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Hua
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jehn-Chuan Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Lin Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Hsing Kate Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shiang Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsui Tsai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jiung Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jen Lou
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Allan Hildesheim
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Chien-Jen Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Pathogenesis and Immune Response Caused by Vector-Borne and Other Viral Infections in a Tupaia Model. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7120686. [PMID: 31842286 PMCID: PMC6956204 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7120686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Tupaia or tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri), a small mammal of the Tupaiidae family, is an increasingly used and promising infection model for virological and immunological research. Recently, sequencing of the Tupaia whole genome revealed that it is more homologous to the genome of humans than of rodents. Viral infections are a global threat to human health, and a complex series of events are involved in the interactions between a virus and the host immune system, which play important roles in the activation of an immune response and the outcome of an infection. Majority of immune response data in viral infections are obtained from studies using animal models that enhance the understanding of host-virus interactions; a proper understanding of these interactions is very important for the development of effective antivirals and prophylactics. Therefore, animal models that are permissive to infection and that recapitulate human disease pathogenesis and immune responses to viral infections are essential. Several studies have shown the permissiveness of Tupaia to a number of important human viral infections in vitro and in vivo without prior adaptation of the viruses; the immune responses and clinical manifestations were comparable to those observed in human infections. Thus, the Tupaia is being utilized and developed as a promising immunocompetent small animal model for viral infection studies. In this review, we focused on the immune responses, mostly innate, during viral infection and pathogenesis in the Tupaia model; we evaluated the interaction between the virus and the components of host resistance, the usefulness of this model for immunopathogenesis studies, and the vaccines and antivirals available.
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63
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MicroRNA expression profiling analysis in serum for nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosis. Gene 2019; 727:144243. [PMID: 31743768 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating microRNAs have become reliable sources of non-invasive biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. miRNA expression analysis in blood circulation for the identification of novel signatures might assist the early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. METHODS In the screening stage, the Exiqon miRNA qPCR panel was applied for the selection of candidate miRNAs. Serum samples taken from 208 NPC patients and 238 healthy donors (as normal controls (NCs)) were assigned to into the following three stages (training (30 NPC VS. 30 NCs), testing (138 NPC VS. 166 NCs) and external validation stage (40 NPC VS. 42 NCs)) for further confirmation of differently expressed miRNAs using qRT-PCR. The identified miRNA signatures were further explored in tissue specimens (48 NPC VS. 32 NCs) and serum-derived exosomes samples (32 NPC VS. 32 NCs). RESULTS Five miRNAs in serum including let-7b-5p, miR-140-3p, miR-192-5p, miR-223-3p and miR-24-3p were found to be significantly up-regulated in NPC patients compared to NCs. The five identified miRNAs were further combined into one panel and the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) for three independent stages were 0.910 (training), 0.916 (testing) and 0.968 (external validation), respectively. miR-192-5p and miR-24-3p were consistently up-regulated in NPC tissues while let-7b-5p and miR-140-3p were conversely down-regulated. In serum-derived exosomes samples, no expression difference was observed between NPC patients and NCs. CONCLUSION A five-miRNA signature was identified in serum to be potential biomarkers for NPC detection.
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He YQ, Liao XY, Xue WQ, Xu YF, Xu FH, Li FF, Li XZ, Zhang JB, Wang TM, Wang F, Yu HL, Feng QS, Chen LZ, Cao SM, Liu Q, Mu J, Jia WH. Association Between Environmental Factors and Oral Epstein-Barr Virus DNA Loads: A Multicenter Cross-sectional Study in China. J Infect Dis 2019; 219:400-409. [PMID: 30307559 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status reflects host EBV activity and potentially links to EBV-associated diseases, however, factors influencing oral EBV loads or reactivation, such as environmental exposures or host factors, are not fully understood. Methods A 2-stage, multicenter, cross-sectional study of 6558 subjects from 21 administrative cities of southern China and 3 populations from representative geographical areas in China (referred to as the south, north, and northeastern populations) was performed. The relationships between demographical factors and environmental exposures to EBV loads were analyzed by logistic regression models. Results Current smoking, with a dose-response effect, was found to be strongly associated with higher oral EBV loads in the pooled data, with an odds ratio of 1.58 (95% confidence interval, 1.39-1.79), as well as in each of the separate populations. The odds ratio increased to 3.06 when current smokers in southern China were compared to never smokers in northern China. Additionally, higher oral EBV loads tended to be detected in older participants, male participants, and participants in southern China. Conclusions This study provided evidence linking the effect of host-environmental factors, particularly smoking, to oral EBV activity. It could strengthen our understanding of the possible causal roles of EBV-related diseases, which may help to prevent or mitigate EBV-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qiao He
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou
| | - Xiao-Yu Liao
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing
| | - Wen-Qiong Xue
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou
| | - Ya-Fei Xu
- Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feng-Hua Xu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou
| | - Fang-Fang Li
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou
| | - Xi-Zhao Li
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou
| | - Jiang-Bo Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou
| | - Tong-Min Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou
| | - Fang Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou
| | - Huan-Lin Yu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou
| | - Qi-Sheng Feng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou
| | - Li-Zhen Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou
| | - Su-Mei Cao
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou
| | - Qing Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou
| | - Jianbing Mu
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Wei-Hua Jia
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou.,School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou.,Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou
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Du T, Chen K, Zheng S, Bao M, Huang Y, Wu K. Association Between Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Epidemiological Studies. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:2262-2273. [PMID: 31436869 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol consumption is increasing all over the world, but whether it is an independent factor affecting the occurrence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is inconsistent in many studies. We aimed to explore the association between alcohol consumption and NPC risk by integrating existing evidence in a meta-analysis. METHODS We searched for relevant articles published up to August 2018 in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge infrastructure (CNKI). The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Odds ratios (ORs) or relative risks were pooled to estimate the associations between alcohol consumption and NPC risk. RESULTS The meta-analysis of cohort studies showed no significant association between alcohol consumption and NPC, but pooled results from case-control studies indicated that ever drinking increased the probability of NPC versus nondrinking (OR = 1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01, 1.19). As compared with nondrinkers, high-frequency drinking (≥7 times/wk) increased the NPC probability (OR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.53) and low-frequency drinking (<7 times/wk) decreased the probability (OR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.60, 0.94), as did shorter duration of drinking (<20 years) (OR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.49, 0.79). On subgroup analyses, significant pooled results were observed for studies with high quality, with hospital-based controls and with adjustment for confounding factors, smoking, age, and sex. CONCLUSIONS The risk of NPC may increase with alcohol consumption. Ever drinking increased the risk versus nondrinking. Additionally, high-frequency drinking increased the risk, but low-frequency drinking decreased it to some extent. Further intensive studies based on well-designed methods are needed to examine the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taifeng Du
- From the, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kangkang Chen
- From the, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shukai Zheng
- From the, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Mian Bao
- From the, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuanni Huang
- From the, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kusheng Wu
- From the, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
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Mai S, Xiao R, Shi L, Zhou X, Yang T, Zhang M, Weng N, Zhao X, Wang R, Liu J, Sun R, Qin H, Wang H. MicroRNA-18a promotes cancer progression through SMG1 suppression and mTOR pathway activation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:819. [PMID: 31659158 PMCID: PMC6817863 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2060-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
miR-18a has been reported to be upregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tissues by microarray assays. However, the roles and the underlying mechanisms of miR-18a in NPC remain poorly understood. Here we demonstrated by real-time RT-PCR that miR-18a expression is upregulated in NPC tissues, and positively correlated with tumor size and TNM stage. Moreover, miR-18a expression could be upregulated by NF-κB activation or Epstein-Barr virus encoded latent membrane protein 1 expression. The ectopic expression of miR-18a promoted NPC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while the repression of miR-18a had opposite effects. Candidate genes under regulation by miR-18a were screened out through a whole-genome microarray assay, further identified by a reporter assay and verified in clinical samples. SMG1, a member of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-related kinases family and an mTOR antagonist, was identified as functional target of miR-18a. Our results confirmed that miR-18a exerts its oncogenic role through suppression of SMG1 and activation of mTOR pathway in NPC cells. Importantly, in vivo xenograft tumor growth in nude mice was effectively inhibited by intratumor injection of miR-18a antagomir. Our data support an oncogenic role of miR-18a through a novel miR-18a/SMG1/mTOR axis and suggest that the antitumor effects of antagomir-18a may make it suitable for NPC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- ShiJuan Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - RuoWen Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Lu Shi
- Department of thoracic oncology, the cancer center of the fifth affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - XiaoMin Zhou
- ZhouKou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhoukou, 466000, China
| | - Te Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - MeiYin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - NuoQing Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - XinGe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - RuiQi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Ji Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - HaiDe Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - HuiYun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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67
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Yang QY, He YQ, Xue WQ, Zhou T, Liao Y, Zheng MQ, Jia YJ, Yuan LL, Jia WH. Association Between Serum Cotinine Level and Serological Markers of Epstein-Barr Virus in Healthy Subjects in South China Where Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Is Endemic. Front Oncol 2019; 9:865. [PMID: 31572673 PMCID: PMC6753229 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Self-reported smoking has been associated with higher seropositivity for the IgA response to Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) viral capsid antigen (VCA-IgA) and transcription activator protein (Zta) in healthy men in southern China where nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is endemic. Results on the association of biochemically verified smoking status with EBV reactivation are scarce. We aimed to investigate the relations of serum cotinine level with serological markers of EBV in healthy women, in addition to men. Methods: We collected information on demographic, lifestyle, environmental factors, and EBV serological markers in a cross-sectional study on 2,275 healthy subjects who were recruited from physical examination centers in Guangdong Province, China. In the present analysis, 901 subjects' serum cotinine levels have been measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Odds ratios (seropositivity of four EBV serological markers vs. seronegativity) for categorical serum cotinine levels were calculated by unconditional logistic regression with a group-specific confidence interval (CI). Results: In women, compared with lower serum cotinine level (0–0.71 ng/ml), higher cotinine level (>0.71–1.20 ng/ml; >1.20–228.40 ng/ml) was associated but non-significantly with higher seropositivity for EBV VCA-IgA (age- and education-adjusted OR = 1.18, 95% CIs = 0.84–1.64, 1.06, 0.75–1.50). These associations remained but still non-significant after adjusting for 5-year age group, education, family history of cancer, consumption of tea, Chinese herbal tea, salted fish at childhood, and exposure to occupational dust, chemical, fume, and radiation (multivariable adjusted OR = 1.21, 95% CIs = 0.85–1.71, 1.09, 0.76–1.55). In men, compared with lower serum cotinine level (0–2.15 ng/ml), higher cotinine level (>2.15–103.6 ng/ml; >103.6–419.4 ng/ml) was significantly associated with higher seropositivity for EBV VCA-IgA and Zta-IgA (age- and education-adjusted OR = 2.16, 95% CIs = 1.37–3.41, 1.79, 1.11–2.90; 1.98, 1.17–3.34, 1.95, 1.14–3.34). The association remained significant after adjusting for potential confounders for Zta-IgA (OR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.37–3.93 for >2.15–103.6, and 2.50, 1.43–4.38 for >103.6–419.4 ng/ml), but not for VCA-IgA (2.06, 1.29–3.27, and 1.61, 0.96–2.71). Conclusions: Higher serum cotinine level is associated with higher seropositivity for EBV serological markers in healthy men in southern China. Such positive association was also observed in women but became non-significant. If confirmed to be causal, this finding has important implications for tobacco control and prevention of EBV-related disease, particularly for NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Qiao He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Qiong Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei-Qi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Jing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei-Lei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Hua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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68
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Liu Z, Coghill AE, Pfeiffer RM, Proietti C, Hsu WL, Chien YC, Lekieffre L, Krause L, Yu KJ, Lou PJ, Wang CP, Mulvenna J, Middeldorp JM, Bethony J, Chen CJ, Doolan DL, Hildesheim A. Patterns of Interindividual Variability in the Antibody Repertoire Targeting Proteins Across the Epstein-Barr Virus Proteome. J Infect Dis 2019; 217:1923-1931. [PMID: 29509907 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known about variation in antibody responses targeting the full spectrum of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) proteins and how such patterns inform disease risk. Methods We used a microarray to measure immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibody responses against 199 EBV protein sequences from 5 EBV strains recovered from 289 healthy adults from Taiwan. We described positivity patterns, estimated the correlation between antibodies, and investigated the associations between environmental and genetic risk factors and variations in antibody responses. Results Healthy adults were more likely to mount IgG antibody responses to EBV proteins (median positivity frequency, 46.5% for IgG and 17.3% for IgA; P = 1.6 × 10-46, by the Wilcoxon rank sum test). Responses against glycoproteins were particularly prevalent. The correlations between antibody responses of the same class were higher than correlations across classes. The mucosal exposure to proteins involved in EBV reactivation (as determined by the IgA response) was associated with smoking (P = .002, by the sequence kernel association test-combined), and approximately one quarter of adults displayed antibody responses associated with EBV-related cancer risk. Conclusions These data comprehensively define the variability in human IgG and IgA antibody responses to the EBV proteome. Patterns observed can serve as the foundation for elucidating which individuals are at highest risk of EBV-associated clinical conditions and for identifying targets for effective immunodiagnostic tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Liu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Anna E Coghill
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ruth M Pfeiffer
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Carla Proietti
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Cairns, Australia.,Centre for Biosecurity and Tropical Infectious Diseases, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - Wan-Lun Hsu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei.,Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Prevention Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - Yin-Chu Chien
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institute, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Lea Lekieffre
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Cairns, Australia
| | - Lutz Krause
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Cairns, Australia
| | - Kelly J Yu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Pei-Jen Lou
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei
| | - Cheng-Ping Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei
| | - Jason Mulvenna
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Cairns, Australia
| | - Jaap M Middeldorp
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jeff Bethony
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D. C
| | - Chien-Jen Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei.,Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Prevention Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - Denise L Doolan
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Cairns, Australia.,Centre for Biosecurity and Tropical Infectious Diseases, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - Allan Hildesheim
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
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69
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Barrett D, Ploner A, Chang ET, Liu Z, Zhang CX, Liu Q, Cai Y, Zhang Z, Chen G, Huang QH, Xie SH, Cao SM, Shao JY, Jia WH, Zheng Y, Liao J, Chen Y, Lin L, Ernberg I, Adami HO, Huang G, Zeng Y, Zeng YX, Ye W. Past and Recent Salted Fish and Preserved Food Intakes Are Weakly Associated with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Risk in Adults in Southern China. J Nutr 2019; 149:1596-1605. [PMID: 31127847 PMCID: PMC6736189 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chinese-style salted fish intake in early life is considered an established risk factor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, results for adult intakes of salted fish and preserved foods are inconsistent. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to ascertain the relations of Chinese-style hard and soft salted fish and preserved food intakes with NPC risk. METHODS We conducted a population-based case-control study in southern China with 2554 NPC cases identified through a rapid case ascertainment system and 2648 healthy controls, frequency-matched on age, sex, and area. Subjects (aged 20-74 y) were interviewed via a food-frequency questionnaire, including information on portion size. Data were also collected on alcohol consumption and potential confounders. Food intake was grouped into 3-5 energy-adjusted intake levels during adulthood (10 y prior) and adolescence (16-18 y). For childhood (at age 10 y), intake frequency of selected food items was collected. Multivariate-adjusted ORs with 95% CIs were estimated via logistic regression. RESULTS We found no association between NPC and intake of hard Chinese-style salted fish during adulthood, and an increased risk at the highest level of intake during adolescence (OR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.39). In contrast, we found a decreased risk for the middle intake level of soft salted fish during adulthood (OR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.81) and adolescence (OR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.85). Preserved foods showed contrasting risk profiles, e.g., the highest adult intake level of salted egg (OR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.22, 1.87) and fermented black beans (OR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.80). Associations with NPC were weaker than previously reported, e.g., for weekly childhood intake of salted fish (OR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.24, 1.97). CONCLUSIONS Hard and soft salted fish have different risk profiles. Salted fish and other preserved foods were at most weak risk factors for NPC in all periods and may play a smaller role in NPC occurrence than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donal Barrett
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and
| | | | - Ellen T Chang
- Center for Health Sciences, Exponent, Inc., Menlo Park, CA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and
| | - Cai-Xia Zhang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center and
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonglin Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, China
- Wuzhou Health System Key Laboratory for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Etiology and Molecular Mechanism, Wuzhou, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
| | - Guomin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control, Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | | | - Shang-Hang Xie
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center and
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Su-Mei Cao
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center and
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Yong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Hua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuming Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, China
- Wuzhou Health System Key Laboratory for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Etiology and Molecular Mechanism, Wuzhou, China
| | - Jian Liao
- Cangwu Institute for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Control and Prevention, Wuzhou, China
| | - Yufeng Chen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and
| | - Longde Lin
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
| | - Ingemar Ernberg
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans-Olov Adami
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Guangwu Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control, Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weimin Ye
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and
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70
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Roy Chattopadhyay N, Chakrabarti S, Chatterjee K, Deb Roy S, Kumar Sahu S, Reddy RR, Das P, Bijay Kanrar B, Kumar Das A, Tsering S, Puii Z, Zomawia E, Singh YI, Suryawanshi A, Choudhuri T. Histocompatibility locus antigens regions contribute to the ethnicity bias of Epstein-Barr virus-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma in higher-incidence populations. Scand J Immunol 2019; 90:e12796. [PMID: 31145476 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one the most confusing and rare malignancy in most part of the world with significantly high occurrence in some populations of Southeast Asia, North Africa and Alaska. Apart from the dietary and environmental factors, NPC is well-associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in these ethnic groups. However, the internal molecular mechanism(s) for such association in specific populations is not known till date. Polymorphisms in the genes of histocompatibility locus antigens (HLA) are reported in NPC, but association of any particular polymorphism with ethnicity is not established yet. Here, we report a set of HLA polymorphisms in EBV-infected NPC samples from Northeast Indian population. These polymorphisms might play an important role for the lack of proper immune function against EBV infection and thus, eventually, for NPC generation in endemic populations like those of Northeast India.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Koustav Chatterjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva Bharati University, Santiniketan, Bolpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Sankar Deb Roy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Civil Hospital, Dimapur, Nagaland, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Sahu
- Depatrment of Pharmacology & Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - R Rajendra Reddy
- Division of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Piyanki Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva Bharati University, Santiniketan, Bolpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Basab Bijay Kanrar
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva Bharati University, Santiniketan, Bolpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Das
- ENT Department, Dr B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Sam Tsering
- Tertiary Cancer Center, Tomo Riba Institute of Health And Medical Sciences, Arunachal Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Y Indibor Singh
- Department of Radiotherapy, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Amol Suryawanshi
- Division of Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Tathagata Choudhuri
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva Bharati University, Santiniketan, Bolpur, West Bengal, India
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71
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Roy Chattopadhyay N, Das P, Chatterjee K, Choudhuri T. Higher incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in some regions in the world confers for interplay between genetic factors and external stimuli. Drug Discov Ther 2019; 11:170-180. [PMID: 28867748 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2017.01030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a rare variety of head and neck cancers. The risk factors include three major causes: genetic factors, viral infection, and environmental and dietary factors. The types of NPC show strong ethnic and geographic variations. The keratinizing and non-keratinizing types are prevalent in the lower incidence regions like North America and Europe; whereas the undifferentiated type is mostly found in the regions with higher incidences like China, North Africa, Arctic, and Nagaland of North-East India. These suggest a possible major role of the internal genetic factors for generation and promotion of this disease. Viral infections might accelerate the process of carcinogenesis by helping in cellular proliferation and loss of apoptosis. Diet and other environmental factors promote these neoplastic processes and further progression of the disease occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Piyanki Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati, Siksha Bhavana
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72
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Zhou T, Yang DW, He YQ, Xue WQ, Liao Y, Zheng MQ, Jia YJ, Yuan LL, Zhang WL, Zeng YX, Jia WH. Associations between environmental factors and serological Epstein-Barr virus antibodies in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in South China. Cancer Med 2019; 8:4852-4866. [PMID: 31241250 PMCID: PMC6712476 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) reactivation, reflected by aberrantly increased levels of various serological antibodies, has been suggested to be an early indicator of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) onset and progression. We have previously suggested that certain lifestyle and dietary factors were associated with elevated serological levels of the antibody against various EBV antigens namely VCA, Zta, EBNA1, and oral EBV DNA loads among healthy population. It remains unclear whether these potential environmental factors would also influence EBV serological antibodies in NPC patients. We conducted an epidemiological study to evaluate the associations between such environmental factors and EBV antibody levels among 1701 NPC patients in South China. Pretreatment serums were collected and examined for VCA‐IgA and EA‐IgA by immunoenzymatic assays and antienzyme rate (AER) of EBV DNase‐specific neutralizing antibody. We found that consumption of Canton‐style herbal tea was significantly correlated with increased serological antibody levels of VCA‐IgA and EA‐IgA, with adjusted ORs of 1.35 (95% CI: 1.03‐1.76) and 1.32 (95% CI: 1.01‐1.73), respectively, in the weekly intake frequency stratum, while not related to AER of EBV DNase‐specific neutralizing antibody. Smoking was found to be not only an apparent risk factor for higher antibody levels of AER in stage III‐IV patients (OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.11‐2.30), but also associated closely with NPC stage at diagnosis (OR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.47‐3.22), with dose‐response effects. In conclusion, we found consumption of Canton‐style herbal tea and cigarette smoking were in positive associations with elevated EBV antibodies in NPC patients, which may be of public health significance for the primary prevention of EBV‐associated diseases especially NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhou
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Da-Wei Yang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Qiao He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Qiong Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei-Qi Zheng
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Jing Jia
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei-Lei Yuan
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Hua Jia
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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73
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Jiang X, Wu J, Wang J, Huang R. Tobacco and oral squamous cell carcinoma: A review of carcinogenic pathways. Tob Induc Dis 2019; 17:29. [PMID: 31582940 PMCID: PMC6752112 DOI: 10.18332/tid/105844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tobacco is one of the most important risk factors for premature death globally. More than 60 toxic chemicals in tobacco can invade the body’s various systems. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a pathological type of oral cancer, accounting for over 90% of oral cancers. A vast quantity of scientific, clinical and epidemiological data shows that tobacco is associated with the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma, and its carcinogenic pathways may be complicated. METHODS We conducted a thorough electronic search by Cochrane, EMBASE and PubMed to identify relevant studies. Studies published up to the end of October 2018 were included. After assessing and selecting articles based on eligibility criteria, studies were classified and elaborated according to the pathogenesis. RESULTS Tobacco as an important risk factor can cause epigenetic alteration of oral epithelial cells, inhibit multiple systemic immune functions of the host, and its toxic metabolites can cause oxidative stress on tissues and induce OSCC. In addition, some specific viruses such as EBV and HPV are thought to play a role in the development of OSCC. CONCLUSIONS Oral cancer ranks eighth among the most common causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and tobacco is one the most important carcinogenic factors of OSCC. This review of the literature attempts to provide directions and ideas for future related research, and emphasizes the need for efforts to reduce tobacco consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoge Jiang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaxin Wu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiexue Wang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruijie Huang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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74
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Kourieh A, Gheit T, Tommasino M, Dalstein V, Clifford GM, Lacau St Guily J, Clavel C, Franceschi S, Combes JD. Prevalence of human herpesviruses infections in nonmalignant tonsils: The SPLIT study. J Med Virol 2019; 91:687-697. [PMID: 30318627 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of all known human herpesviruses (HHV) in tonsils of an age-stratified large sample of immunocompetent children and adults. METHODS Patients undergoing tonsillectomy for benign indications were recruited in 19 French hospitals. After resection, the entire outer surfaces of right and left half tonsils were extensively brushed. A highly sensitive species-specific multiplex assay was used to detect herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1), HSV2, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV; types 1 and 2), and human cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA in 688, as well as varicella zoster virus (VZV), HHV6A, HHV6B, HHV7, and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) DNA in a subset of 440 tonsil brushings. RESULTS Overall 85% of tonsil brushing samples were infected with at least one HHV species. HHV7 and EBV were the most prevalent (≈70%), followed by HHV6B (≈50%), HSV1, CMV, VZV (≈2%), and KSHV and HSV2 (<1%), while HHV6A was not detected. EBV prevalence was significantly higher in adults than in children, whereas it was opposite for HHV6B and VZV. No difference in HHV prevalence was observed by sex. In multivariate analysis, EBV detection was associated with age greater than or equal to 15 years (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5-2.3) and marginally with tobacco smoking (PR = 1.2; 95% CI: 1.1-1.3). CONCLUSION Differing patterns of HHV infection in tonsils in a large age-stratified population were described. This study is by far the largest available and shows that EBV, HHV6B, and HHV7 are commonly detected in the tonsils in both men and women, in contrast to other HHVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboud Kourieh
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Tarik Gheit
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Véronique Dalstein
- CHU Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, Laboratoire Biopathologie, Reims, France
- INSERM, UMR-S 1250, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | | | - Jean Lacau St Guily
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne University and Tenon Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Christine Clavel
- CHU Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, Laboratoire Biopathologie, Reims, France
- INSERM, UMR-S 1250, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
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75
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Liu SC, Huang CM, Bamodu OA, Lin CS, Liu BL, Tzeng YM, Tsai JT, Lee WH, Chen TM. Ovatodiolide suppresses nasopharyngeal cancer by targeting stem cell-like population, inducing apoptosis, inhibiting EMT and dysregulating JAK/STAT signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 56:269-278. [PMID: 30668347 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment for metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is challenging. Till now, a truly effective chemotherapy regimen for NPC has not yet been identified. These clinical observations prompted us to investigate a potential drug as alternative option for treating. PURPOSE This study evaluated the inhibitory effects of Ovatodiolide (Ova), on tumorigenic and cancer stem cell characteristics of NPC cells. METHODS Two NPC cell lines (NPC-BM1 and NPC-BM2) were used to examine the anticancer effects of Ova and the molecular mechanism underlying these activities by using sulforhodamine B cytotoxicity assay, western blot, immunofluorescence, migration, colony and tumorsphere formation assays. RESULTS Ova significantly inhibited the viability of BM1 and BM2 cells, downregulated Bcl-xL and Puma, and upregulated Bax/Bad expression levels. Ova dose-dependent suppressed migratory/invasive potential of NPC cells, and reduced ability to form colonies. Ova-induced apoptosis correlated with increased Bax/Bcl-xL ratio while NPC motility and colony formation inhibition were associated with reduced expression of p-FAK, p-PXN, F-actin, and Slug proteins and increased E-cadherin. Furthermore, ova inhibited NPC tumorsphere formation, associated with decreased SOX2, OCT4 and JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Ova also attenuated NPC stem cell tumorigenicity, inhibited tumor growth, and enhanced the sensitivity of NPC cells to cisplatin treatment, in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated the anticancer efficacy of Ova in NPC and its potential as a putative inhibitor of JAK2 and STAT3, which are essential in tumorigenesis of NPC. Further development of Ova is encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Cheng Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taitung Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Oluwaseun Adebayo Bamodu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University - Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Medical University - Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Shu Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defence Medical Centre, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Lan Liu
- Department of Appiled Chemistry, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yew-Min Tzeng
- Department of Appiled Chemistry, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan; Center for General Education, National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Ting Tsai
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei Medical University - Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hwa Lee
- Department of Pathology, Taipei Medical University - Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-Ming Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
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76
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Hu T, Lin CY, Xie SH, Chen GH, Lu YQ, Ling W, Huang QH, Liu Q, Cao SM. Smoking can increase nasopharyngeal carcinoma risk by repeatedly reactivating Epstein-Barr Virus: An analysis of a prospective study in southern China. Cancer Med 2019; 8:2561-2571. [PMID: 30843658 PMCID: PMC6536979 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The association between smoking and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is still uncertain. The aim of this study was to validate smoking effect on NPC and explore if smoking can induce NPC by persistently reactivating EBV in long‐term based on a prospective cohort design. Methods A NPC screening cohort with 10 181 eligible residents in Sihui city, southern China was conducted from 2008 to 2015. The smoking habit was investigated through the trained interviewers and EBV antibodies (VCA‐IgA, EBNA1‐IgA) as screening markers were tested periodically. New NPC cases were identified through local cancer registry. Cox's regression model was used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of smoking on NPC incidence. In the non‐NPC participants, the associations between smoking and EBV seropositivity in different periods were assessed by logistic regression and generalized estimating equations (GEE). Results With a median of 7.54 years, 71 NPCs were diagnosed ≥1 year after recruitment. Compared with never smokers, the aHRs of developing NPC among ever smokers were 3.00 (95%CI: 1.46‐6.16). Stratified by sex, the HRs of ever smoking were 2.59 (95%CI: 1.07‐6.23) for male and 3.75 (95%CI: 1.25‐11.20) for female, respectively. Among the non‐NPC individuals, ever smoking was not only associated with EBV seropositivity at baseline, but also in the 3‐5 years of follow up, with adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of 1.68 (95%CI: 1.29‐2.18) for VCA‐IgA and 1.92 (95%CI: 1.42‐2.59) for EBNA1‐IgA. Among the smokers who were tested EBV antibodies at least twice, the similar results were obtained using GEE. Conclusion Smoking could significantly increase the long‐term risk of NPC in southern China, partly by persistently reactivating EBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Hu
- Department of Cancer Prevention, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu-Yang Lin
- Department of Cancer Prevention, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang-Hang Xie
- Department of Cancer Prevention, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Geng-Hang Chen
- Department of Cancer Prevention, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Qiang Lu
- Sihui Cancer Institute, Sihui, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Ling
- Sihui Cancer Institute, Sihui, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Hong Huang
- Sihui Cancer Institute, Sihui, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Cancer Prevention, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Su-Mei Cao
- Department of Cancer Prevention, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Epstein-Barr virus-coded miR-BART13 promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell growth and metastasis via targeting of the NKIRAS2/NF-κB pathway. Cancer Lett 2019; 447:33-40. [PMID: 30684592 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Based on analysis of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) BART microRNA expression profiles, we previously reported that EBV-encoded miR-BART13 is upregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) plasma specimens. However, the effects and molecular mechanisms of miR-BART13 in NPC remain largely unknown. We found that miR-BART13 was significantly upregulated in NPC tissue specimens. Ectopic expression of miR-BART13 promoted NPC cell proliferation, epithelial mesenchymal transition, and metastasis in vitro, and facilitated xenograft tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo. Molecularly, NF-κB inhibitor interacting Ras-like 2 (NKIRAS2), a negative regulator of the NF-κB signaling, was identified to be a direct target of miR-BART13 in NPC cells, and NKIRAS2 mRNA and protein expression was inversely correlated with miR-BART13 in NPC tissues, respecitvely. Furthermore, the NF-κB signaling pathway was activated by miR-BART13. By rescued experiments, reconstitution of NKIRAS2 expression abrogated all the phenotypes upregulated by miR-BART13, and attenuated activity of NF-κB signaling pathway activated by miR-BART13 in NPC cells. Our findings indicated the newly identified miR-BART13/NKIRAS2/NF-κB signaling axis may provide further insights into better understanding of NPC initiation and development, and targeting of this pathway could be further studied as a therapeutic strategy for NPC patients.
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78
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Jia F, Xu D, Yue H, Wu H, Li G. Comparison of Flattening Filter and Flattening Filter-Free Volumetric Modulated Arc Radiotherapy in Patients with Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:8500-8505. [PMID: 30472719 PMCID: PMC6276721 DOI: 10.12659/msm.910218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic role of flattening filter-free (FFF) mode in volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) compared with flattening filter (FF) mode in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). MATERIAL AND METHODS Ten previously treated patients with NPC underwent treatment re-planning with FFF and FF VMAT. Radiotherapy dose distribution on planning target volume (PTV), organs at risk (OAR), target conformity index (CI), total monitor units (MUs), and therapeutic time were compared. RESULTS Maximum and mean radiotherapy dose in PTV and PGTV (primary lesions of NPC and cervical lymph node metastases) in FFF VMAT planning were significantly increased compared with FF VMAT planning, but PTV and OAR showed no significant differences. The CI value of PTV in FFF VMAT planning was significantly reduced compared with FF planning (P<0.05). No differences were found for the maximum radiotherapy dose in the spinal cord and left and right optic nerve, and the mean radiotherapy dose in the brainstem, left and right parotid gland (P>0.05). The maximum dose in the brainstem in the FFF planning was significantly higher compared with FF planning (P>0.05). The maximum radiotherapy dose in left and right crystalline lens (P<0.05) in FFF planning was significantly reduced compared with FF planning. The total hop count in FFF planning was significantly increased compared with FF planning (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Both 6 MV X-ray FFF mode and FF mode in the treatment of patients with NPC showed that FFF VMAT planning provided improved protection for OAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Jia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China (mainland)
| | - Dandan Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China (mainland)
| | - Haizhen Yue
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Radiotherapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Hao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Radiotherapy, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Guowen Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China (mainland)
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79
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Natural Variations in BRLF1 Promoter Contribute to the Elevated Reactivation Level of Epstein-Barr Virus in Endemic Areas of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. EBioMedicine 2018; 37:101-109. [PMID: 30420297 PMCID: PMC6286269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is a crucial risk factor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but the mechanism for its elevated activation level in NPC endemic areas remains unclear. This study aims to identify the EBV natural variations contributed to the different reactivation potential between NPC endemic and non-endemic areas. Methods 1030 subjects were recruited in China, including 303 healthy individuals from two NPC non-endemic areas, 483 healthy people from three endemic areas and 244 NPC patients. Among which, saliva DNA samples from 244 participants were sequenced for the EBV immediate early (IE) genes of BRLF1 and BZLF1, their promoters were included; the rest 786 subjects were used for the validation of significant variations among three different populations. Haplotype and population structure analysis were conducted. Dual-luciferase assay was used to detect the promoter activity. Results A total of 246 distinct variations were detected, 29 showed significant difference in the frequencies between healthy people from NPC endemic area and non-endemic area. Population structure analysis clustered EBV strains into 9 subgroups mostly in accordance with the geographical origin of samples. Interestingly, two EBV genotypes, Rp-V1 and Rp-V2, were identified according to the linkage relationship of the variations in BRLF1 promoter (Rp). Rp-V1 has higher frequency in NPC endemic areas than in non-endemic areas (52.38% vs 18.15%, P = 2.07 × 10−14), and was associated with higher oral EBV DNA levels (adjusted OR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.21–2.24, P = .002), suggesting a more powerful activation ability of Rp-V1 than that of the prototype Rp-of the EBV strain; On the contrary, Rp-V2 has higher frequency in NPC non-endemic areas than in endemic areas (18.48% vs 0.38%, P = 1.17 × 10−7), might represent a reduced activation potential of EBV. Further dual-luciferase assay showed Rp-V1 has higher promoter activity while compared with Rp-V2 (P < .0001). Notably, Rp-V1 impaired the transcription repression effect of YY1 while Rp-V2 strengthened the transcription repression effect of EBF1 on Rp. In addition, significant differences of Rta 393–407 CTL epitope which may influence the recognition of Rta by CD8+ T cells were detected between healthy people from NPC endemic area and non-endemic area. Conclusions This study identified natural variations in cis-acting elements (YY1 and EBF1) of EBV Rp altering Rp transcription activities, which may contribute to the elevated EBV activation level in NPC endemic areas than non-endemic areas.
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80
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Xu YF, Li YQ, Liu N, He QM, Tang XR, Wen X, Yang XJ, Sun Y, Ma J, Tang LL. Differential genome-wide profiling of alternative polyadenylation sites in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by high-throughput sequencing. J Biomed Sci 2018; 25:74. [PMID: 30352587 PMCID: PMC6198351 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-018-0477-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is a widespread phenomenon in the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression that generates mRNAs with alternative 3′-untranslated regions (3’UTRs). APA contributes to the pathogenesis of various diseases, including cancer. However, the potential role of APA in the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains largely unknown. Methods A strategy of sequencing APA sites (SAPAS) based on second-generation sequencing technology was carried out to explore the global patterns of APA sites and identify genes with tandem 3’UTRs in samples from 6 NPC and 6 normal nasopharyngeal epithelial tissue (NNET). Sequencing results were then validated using quantitative RT-PCR in a larger cohort of 16 NPC and 16 NNET samples. Results The sequencing data showed that the use of tandem APA sites was prevalent in NPC, and numerous genes with APA-switching events were discovered. In total, we identified 195 genes with significant differences in the tandem 3’UTR length between NPC and NNET; including 119 genes switching to distal poly (A) sites and 76 genes switching to proximal poly (A) sites. Several gene ontology (GO) terms were enriched in the list of genes with switched APA sites, including regulation of cell migration, macromolecule catabolic process, protein catabolic process, proteolysis, small conjugating protein ligase activity, and ubiquitin-protein ligase activity. Conclusions APA site-switching events are prevalent in NPC. APA-mediated regulation of gene expression may play an important role in the development of NPC, and more detailed studies targeting genes with APA-switching events may contribute to the development of novel future therapeutic strategies for NPC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12929-018-0477-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Fei Xu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Qing Li
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Mei He
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Ran Tang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jing Yang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Sun
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ling-Long Tang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
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Huang CY, Chang WS, Tsai CW, Hsia TC, Shen TC, Bau DT, Shui HA. The contribution of interleukin-8 genotypes and expression to nasopharyngeal cancer susceptibility in Taiwan. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12135. [PMID: 30200105 PMCID: PMC6133569 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence rate of nasopharyngeal cancer (nasopharyngeal carcinoma [NPC]) is much higher in Southeast Asia than in western countries. Interleukin-8 (IL-8), a chemokine produced by macrophages, epithelial cells, airway smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells, is an important immuno-mediator in the development and progression of many types of cancer. Genetic variations in IL-8 have been associated with the risks of NPC and other cancers. In the current study, we evaluated the role of IL-8 in NPC at the levels of DNA, RNA, and protein in a Taiwanese population. First, in a case-control study, 176 NPC patients and 352 cancer-free controls were genotyped, and the associations of IL-8 T - 251A, C + 781T, C + 1633T, and A + 2767T polymorphisms with NPC risk were evaluated. Second, the NPC tissue samples were assessed for their IL-8 mRNA and protein expression by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blotting, respectively. Regarding the IL-8 promoter T - 251A, the TA and AA genotypes were associated with significantly decreased risks of NPC compared with the wild-type TT genotype (adjusted odds ratio = 0.61 and 0.52, 95% confidence interval = 0.47-0.93 and 0.37-0.91, P = .0415 and .0289, respectively). The mRNA and protein expression levels for NPC tissues revealed no significant associations among the 20 NPC samples with different genotypes. These findings suggest that IL-8 may play an important role in the carcinogenesis of NPC in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Yu Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
- Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan
| | - Wen-Shin Chang
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital
| | - Chia-Wen Tsai
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital
| | - Te-Chun Hsia
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital
| | - Te-Chun Shen
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital
| | - Da-Tian Bau
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hao-Ai Shui
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
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Xue W, He Y, Liao X, Li F, Xu Y, Xu F, Li X, Feng Q, Chen L, Cao S, Liu Q, Zeng Y, Jia W. Decreased oral Epstein-Barr virus DNA loads in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Southern China: A case-control and a family-based study. Cancer Med 2018; 7:3453-3464. [PMID: 29905022 PMCID: PMC6051183 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The link of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been established for decades. Although an abnormal high level of EBV sero-antibody spectrum and cell-free circulating EBV DNA loads were exhibited in NPC patients, oral EBV DNA loads, which are primarily responsible for the EBV transmission, has not been previously studied in NPC patients. We conducted an epidemiological study to measure the oral EBV loads, viral components, and the relationship with the serum antibody titers in a large case-control population (968 cases and 1656 controls) and a family-based population (91 cases and 165 unaffected family members). EBV DNA loads were detected by quantitative PCR approach targeting the BamHI-W region. Although a large individualized variation existed, we still observed a decreased oral EBV DNA loads in the population of NPC patients compared to that of healthy controls (ORs were 1.00, 0.69, 0.62, 0.33 classified by the quartiles of viral loads, Ptrend < .001) and family members. In contrast, the elevated levels of oral EBV loads were present in asymptomatic males and elders, suggesting a different important source for EBV transmission. Notably, oral EBV loads were inversely associated with serum antibody titers of VCA-IgA, EA-IgA (All Ptrend < .001) in the cases but not in the controls. Our study provides the first epidemiological data of oral EBV loads and viral components in NPC patients and controls in the highest risk area of Southern China, indicating that NPC status is unlikely to be an important determinant of EBV transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Qiong Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Yong‐Qiao He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiao‐Yu Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- Department of EndocrinologyXinqiao HospitalThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Fang‐Fang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Ya‐Fei Xu
- Department Cell Biology and GeneticsShenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhenChina
| | - Feng‐Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Xi‐Zhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Qi‐Sheng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Li‐Zhen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Su‐Mei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Yi‐Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Wei‐Hua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapySun Yat‐Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- School of Public HealthSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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83
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Chow JCH, Au KH, Mang OWK, Cheung KM, Ngan RKC. Risk, pattern and survival impact of second primary tumors in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma following definitive intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2018; 15:48-55. [PMID: 29932287 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM Second primary tumor (SPT) is a serious late complication after definitive radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We evaluated the incidence, pattern, risk factors and survival impact of SPT in NPC patients following definitive intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). METHODS A retrospective review of 780 consecutive IMRT-treated NPC patients between February 2003 and September 2011 was conducted. Cumulative SPT incidence and overall survival after SPT diagnosis were estimated. Associations between clinical characteristics and SPT risk were analyzed. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were calculated using age, gender and calendar-year-specific cancer incidences from the Hong Kong Cancer Registry. RESULTS At a median follow-up of 7.5 years, 51 SPTs (6.7%) were identified, 22 (43.1%) of which occurred within previous radiotherapy fields. Tongue cancers (31.8%) and sarcomas of the head and neck (31.8%) were the most common in-field SPTs. Age [hazard ratio (HR), 1.051; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.025-1.078] and smoking status (HR, 1.755; 95% CI, 1.002-3.075) were independent risk factors associated with SPT development. Median overall survival after SPT diagnosis was 2.9 years. There was an 84% increase in cancer risk (SIR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.37-2.42) compared with the general population. Significant excess risks were observed for sarcoma, tongue, oropharyngeal, prostate and liver cancer. Excess risks were higher beyond 5 years of follow-up. CONCLUSION Substantial risk of SPT, especially for in-field sarcoma and tongue cancers, exists after definitive IMRT for NPC. SPT severely negates longevity of NPC survivors. High awareness and careful surveillance is warranted for this late lethal complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C H Chow
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Kwok Hung Au
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | | | - Ka Man Cheung
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Roger K C Ngan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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84
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Li H, Hu J, Luo X, Bode AM, Dong Z, Cao Y. Therapies based on targeting Epstein-Barr virus lytic replication for EBV-associated malignancies. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:2101-2108. [PMID: 29751367 PMCID: PMC6029825 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) lytic infection has been shown to significantly contribute to carcinogenesis. Thus, therapies aimed at targeting the EBV lytic cycle have been developed as novel strategies for treatment of EBV‐associated malignancies. In this review, focusing on the viral lytic proteins, we describe recent advances regarding the involvement of the EBV lytic cycle in carcinogenesis. Moreover, we further discuss 2 distinct EBV lytic cycle‐targeted therapeutic strategies against EBV‐induced malignancies. One of the strategies involves inhibition of the EBV lytic cycle by natural compounds known to have anti‐EBV properties; another is to intentionally induce EBV lytic replication in combination with nucleotide analogues. Recent advances in EBV lytic‐based strategies are beginning to show promise in the treatment and/or prevention of EBV‐related tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongde Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Jianmin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangjian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - Ya Cao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, China.,Research Center for Technologies of Nucleic Acid-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Hunan Province, Changsha, China
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85
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Yang MJ, Guo J, Ye YF, Chen SH, Peng LX, Lin CY, Hu T, Xie SH, Xie CB, Huang QH, Lu YQ, Liu Q, Qian CN, Cao SM. Decreased macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α and MIP-1β increase the risk of developing nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2018; 38:7. [PMID: 29764502 PMCID: PMC5993139 DOI: 10.1186/s40880-018-0279-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The association of circulating inflammation markers with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is still largely unclear. This study aimed to comprehensively explore the relationship between circulating cytokine levels and the subsequent risk of NPC with a two-stage epidemiologic study in southern China. Methods The serum levels of 33 inflammatory cytokines were first measured in a hospital-based case–control study (150 NPC patients and 150 controls) using multiplex assay platforms. Marker levels were categorized into two or more groups based on the proportion of sample measurements that was above the lower limit of detection. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) relating the serum marker concentration to the risk of NPC were computed by multivariable logistic regression models. The associations were validated in 60 patients with NPC and 120 controls in a subsequent nested case–control study within a NPC screening trial. Potential interactions between serum cytokines and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) relating to the risk of NPC were assessed using a likelihood ratio test. Results The levels of serum macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α and MIP-1β in the highest categories were associated with a decreased risk of NPC in both the case–control study (MIP-1α: OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.26–0.95; MIP-1β: OR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.22–1.00) and the nested case–control study (MIP-1α: OR = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.03–0.62; MIP-1β: OR = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.04–0.94), compared with those in the lowest categories. Furthermore, individuals with lower levels of these two cytokine markers who were EBV seropositive presented with a largely higher risk of NPC compared with patients with higher levels who were EBV seronegative in both the case–control study (MIP-1α: OR = 16.28, 95% CI = 7.11–37.23; MIP-1β: OR = 12.86, 95% CI = 5.9–28.05) and the nested case–control study (MIP-1α: OR = 86.12, 95% CI = 10.58–701.03; MIP-1β: OR = 115.44, 95% CI = 13.92–957.73). Conclusions Decreased preclinical MIP-1α and MIP-1β levels might be associated with a subsequently increased risk of NPC. More mechanistic studies are required to fully understand this finding. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40880-018-0279-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Cancer Prevention Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Cancer Prevention Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Fang Ye
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Sui-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Cancer Prevention Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Li-Xia Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Chu-Yang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Cancer Prevention Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ting Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Cancer Prevention Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Shang-Hang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Cancer Prevention Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Chuan-Bo Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Cancer Prevention Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Qi-Hong Huang
- Sihui Cancer Institute, Sihui, 526200, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Qiang Lu
- Sihui Cancer Institute, Sihui, 526200, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Cancer Prevention Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Chao-Nan Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. .,Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Su-Mei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. .,Department of Cancer Prevention Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
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86
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sam W I Chu
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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87
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He YQ, Xue WQ, Xu FH, Xu YF, Zhang JB, Yu HL, Feng QS, Chen LZ, Cao SM, Liu Q, Mu J, Zeng YX, Jia WH. The Relationship Between Environmental Factors and the Profile of Epstein-Barr Virus Antibodies in the Lytic and Latent Infection Periods in Healthy Populations from Endemic and Non-Endemic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Areas in China. EBioMedicine 2018; 30:184-191. [PMID: 29606628 PMCID: PMC5952216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study found that smoking was associated with an elevated level of the antibody against VCA in the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lytic phase, which was an important predictive marker of the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). It remained unknown whether environmental factors were associated with the levels of other EBV antibodies, such as Zta-IgA, EA-IgA, EBNA1-IgA, and LMP1-IgA, in the lytic and latent infection periods. We aimed to investigate the possible environmental inducers that could affect EBV antibody levels in two independent healthy male populations from endemic NPC areas in South China (N=1498) and non-endemic NPC areas in North China (N=1961). We performed ELISA and immunoenzymatic assays to test the levels of antibodies specific to the EBV antigens. The seropositive rates of antibodies against the antigens expressed in both the EBV latent and lytic infection periods, namely, LMP1-IgA, EBNA1-IgA, and Zta-IgA, in endemic areas (28.65%, 5.43% and 14.49%, respectively) were significantly higher than those in non-endemic areas (14.43%, 1.07% and 6.32%, respectively). Smoking was associated with higher seropositivity for EBNA1-IgA (OR=1.47, 95% CI=1.12-1.93) and Zta-IgA (OR=1.28, 95% CI=0.99-1.66), with dose-response effects, while not associated with the levels of LMP1-IgA. In conclusion, smoking was an important environmental factor, which associated with increased levels of EBNA1-IgA, and Zta-IgA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qiao He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Wen-Qiong Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Feng-Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Ya-Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China; Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiang-Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Huan-Lin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Qi-Sheng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Li-Zhen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Su-Mei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Jianbing Mu
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Yi-Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Wei-Hua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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88
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Chen Y, Xu Y, Zhao W, Xiao X, Zhou X, Lin L, Huang T, Liao J, Li Y, Zeng X, Huang G, Ye W, Zhang Z. Lack of association between cigarette smoking and Epstein Barr virus reactivation in the nasopharynx in people with elevated EBV IgA antibody titres. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:190. [PMID: 29444646 PMCID: PMC5813399 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4110-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subjects with elevated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) immunoglobulin A (IgA) titers have a higher risk of developing nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), indicating that reactivation of EBV in the local mucosa might be important for NPC carcinogenesis. Cigarette smoking appears to be one of the environmental risk factors for NPC. However, it remains unclear whether smoking-induced nasopharyngeal carcinogenesis acts through reactivating EBV in the nasopharyngeal mucosa. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the association between cigarette smoking and nasopharyngeal EBV reactivation in a NPC high-risk population. METHODS A NPC high-risk cohort study, established from a population-based NPC screening program of 22,816 subjects, consisted of 1045 subjects with elevated serum IgA antibodies against EBV viral capsid antigen (VCA/IgA). Among high-risk subjects, information on detailed cigarette smoking history was collected among 313 male subjects. The associations between cigarette smoking and EBV antibody levels, EBV DNA load of the nasopharynx were analyzed. RESULTS No significant association was observed between either nasopharyngeal EBV DNA load or serum VCA/IgA titers and smoking status, age at smoking initiation, daily smoking intensity, smoking duration, cigarette type, or pack-years of smoking. Cigarette smoking characteristics in all subgroups did not correlate with nasopharyngeal EBV DNA positivity or EBV VCA/IgA seropositivity. CONCLUSIONS In a population at high risk of NPC, our study suggests that cigarette smoking is neither associated with nasopharyngeal EBV DNA load nor serum VCA/IgA antibody level. Smoking-associated NPC carcinogenesis may act through other mechanisms than reactivating nasopharyngeal EBV replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6# Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yifei Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6# Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Weilin Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6# Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6# Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6# Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Longde Lin
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Tingting Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6# Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.,Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jian Liao
- Cancer Institute of Cangwu County, Wuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Yancheng Li
- Cancer Institute of Cangwu County, Wuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zeng
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Guangwu Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6# Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.,Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Weimin Ye
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6# Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China. .,Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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89
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Liu YY, Lin SJ, Chen YY, Liu LN, Bao LB, Tang LQ, Ou JS, Liu ZG, Chen XZ, Xu Y, Ma J, Chan AT, Chen M, Xia YF, Liu WL, Zeng YX, Mai HQ, Zeng MS, Pan JJ, Zhang X. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol as a predictor of poor survival in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:42978-42987. [PMID: 27304186 PMCID: PMC5190001 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose We aimed to assess the prognostic value of pretreatment high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and investigate the possible biological effects of these lipoproteins on NPC cells in vitro. Experimental Design We examined the prognostic value of pretreatment HDL-C levels in 2443 patients with non-metastatic NPC from three independent institutions. The Cox proportional hazard model and log-rank test were used to analyze the correlation between HDL-C levels and overall survival (OS). Cell growth, colony formation, and apoptotic assays were used to determine the biological functions of HDL on NPC cells in vitro. All of the statistical tests were two-sided. Results OS was decreased in patients with high pretreatment HDL-C levels compared with those with low HDL-C levels (P < 0.05). Similarly, a decreased OS was noted in advanced stage (stage III-IV), NPC patients with high pretreatment HDL-C levels (P < 0.01). Multivariate analyses indicated that HDL-C was an independent prognostic factor associated with shorter OS in training cohorts. These findings were confirmed in both independent validation cohorts (P < 0.01). In vitro experiments demonstrated that HDL could increase cell proliferation, invasion, and colony formation, which were largely dependent on the expression of its receptor SR-B1. Finally, HDL could enhance chemoresistance by protecting cancer cells from apoptosis. Conclusions Pretreatment HDL-C is a poor prognostic factor for patients with NPC. This effect may be associated with the ability of HDL to enhance proliferation, colony formation, migration, and chemoresistance in NPC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yan Liu
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shao-Jun Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital/Zhejiang Key Laboratory, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Na Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liu-Bin Bao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin-Quan Tang
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Song Ou
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital, Tumor Hospital Xiangya School of Medicine of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Zhong Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital/Zhejiang Key Laboratory, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital/Zhejiang Key Laboratory, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anthony T Chan
- Partner State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China at Sir YK Pao Centre for Cancer, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital/Zhejiang Key Laboratory, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun-Fei Xia
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wan-Li Liu
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Xin Zeng
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Qiang Mai
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mu-Sheng Zeng
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Ji Pan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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90
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Teow SY, Yap HY, Peh SC. Epstein-Barr Virus as a Promising Immunotherapeutic Target for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Treatment. J Pathog 2017; 2017:7349268. [PMID: 29464124 PMCID: PMC5804410 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7349268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a pathogen that infects more than 90% of global human population. EBV primarily targets B-lymphocytes and epithelial cells while some of them infect monocyte/macrophage, T-lymphocytes, and dendritic cells (DCs). EBV infection does not cause death by itself but the infection has been persistently associated with certain type of cancers such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), and Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). Recent findings have shown promise on targeting EBV proteins for cancer therapy by immunotherapeutic approach. Some studies have also shown the success of adopting EBV-based therapeutic vaccines for the prevention of EBV-associated cancer particularly on NPC. In-depth investigations are in progress to refine the current therapeutic and vaccination strategies. In present review, we discuss the highly potential EBV targets for NPC immunotherapy and therapeutic vaccine development as well as addressing the underlying challenges in the process of bringing the therapy and vaccination from the bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sin-Yeang Teow
- Sunway Institute for Healthcare Development (SIHD), Sunway University, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Hooi-Yeen Yap
- Sunway Institute for Healthcare Development (SIHD), Sunway University, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Suat-Cheng Peh
- Sunway Institute for Healthcare Development (SIHD), Sunway University, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Anatomical Pathology Department, Sunway Medical Centre, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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91
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Lv JW, Chen YP, Zhou GQ, Tang LL, Mao YP, Li WF, Guo R, Lin AH, Ma J, Sun Y. Cigarette smoking complements the prognostic value of baseline plasma Epstein-Barr virus deoxyribonucleic acid in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing intensity-modulated radiation therapy: a large-scale retrospective cohort study. Oncotarget 2017; 7:16806-17. [PMID: 26919237 PMCID: PMC4941352 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the combined prognostic value of cigarette smoking and baseline plasma Epstein-Barr virus deoxyribonucleic acid (EBV DNA) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Of consecutive patients, 1501 with complete data were eligible for retrospective analysis. Smoking index (SI; cigarette packs per day times smoking duration [years]), was used to evaluate the cumulative effect of smoking. Primary endpoint was overall survival (OS); progression-free survival (PFS), distant metastasisfree survival (DMFS) and locoregional relapse-free survival (LRFS) were secondary end-points. Both cigarette smoking and baseline plasma EBV DNA load were associated with poorer survival (P<0.001). Patients were divided into four groups: low EBV DNA and light smoker (LL), low EBV DNA and heavy smoker (LH), high EBV DNA and light smoker (HL), and high EBV DNA and heavy smoker (HH). The respective 5-year survival rates were: OS (93.1%, 87.2%, 82.9%, and 76.3%, P<0.001), PFS (87.0%, 84.0%, 73.9%, and 64.6%, P<0.001), DMFS (94.1%, 92.1%, 82.4%, and72.5%, P<0.001), and LRFS (92.8%, 92.4%, 88.7%, and 84.0%, P=0.012).OS and PFS were significantly different between the LH and HL groups and HL and HH groups, but not LL and LH groups (pairwise comparisons). The combined risk stratification remained an independent prognostic factor for all endpoints (all Ptrend<0.001; multivariate analysis). Both cigarette smoking and baseline plasma EBV DNA were independent prognostic factors for survival outcomes. Combined interpretation of EBV DNA with smoking led to the refinement of the risks stratification for patient subsets, especially with improved risk discrimination in patients with high baseline plasma EBV DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Lv
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Pei Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guan-Qun Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Long Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Ping Mao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Fei Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Hua Lin
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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92
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Li RC, Du Y, Zeng QY, Tang LQ, Zhang H, Li Y, Liu WL, Zhong Q, Zeng MS, Huang XM. Epstein-Barr virus glycoprotein gH/gL antibodies complement IgA-viral capsid antigen for diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 7:16372-83. [PMID: 27093005 PMCID: PMC4941321 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine whether measuring antibodies against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) glycoprotein gH/gL in serum could improve diagnostic accuracy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cases, gH/gL expressed in a recombinant baculovirus system was used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect antibodies in two independent cohorts. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed using results from a training cohort (n = 406) to establish diagnostic mathematical models, which were validated in a second independent cohort (n = 279). Levels of serum gH/gL antibodies were higher in NPC patients than in healthy controls (p < 0.001). In the training cohort, the IgA-gH/gL ELISA had a sensitivity of 83.7%, specificity of 82.3% and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.893 (95% CI, 0.862-0.924) for NPC diagnosis. Furthermore, gH/gL maintained diagnostic capacity in IgA-VCA negative NPC patients (sensitivity = 78.1%, specificity = 82.3%, AUC = 0.879 [95% CI, 0.820 - 0.937]). Combining gH/gL and viral capsid antigen (VCA) detection improved diagnostic capacity as compared to individual tests alone in both the training cohort (sensitivity = 88.5%, specificity = 97%, AUC = 0.98 [95% CI, 0.97 - 0.991]), and validation cohort (sensitivity = 91.2%, specificity = 96.5%, AUC = 0.97 [95% CI, 0.951-0.988]). These findings suggest that EBV gH/gL detection complements VCA detection in the diagnosis of NPC and aids in the identification of patients with VCA-negative NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Chen Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yong Du
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qiu-Yao Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lin-Quan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wan-Li Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qian Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Mu-Sheng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ming Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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93
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Zhang Y, Xu Z. miR-93 enhances cell proliferation by directly targeting CDKN1A in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:1723-1727. [PMID: 29434867 PMCID: PMC5774441 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial malignancy of the head and neck with the highest incidence rate in southern China. The aim of the present study was to understand the molecular mechanisms that underlie the progression of NPC. The relative expression of miR-93 and CDKN1A was detected by the reverse-transcription quantitative PCR. Western blot analysis was applied to detect the protein levels of genes. Luciferase activity report was applied to verify the target of miRNA. Cell growth was assayed by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. miR-93 was upregulated in NPC tissues and cell lines compared with normal samples. Re-expression of miR-93 promoted cell growth in vitro as determined by the MTT assay. CDKN1A was identified by luciferase reporter as a direct target of miR-93. Its expression was downregulated by miR-93. Furthermore, the results showed that the expression of miR-93 was inversely correlated with the expression of CDKN1A protein. miR-93 enhanced cell proliferation in NPC by directly targeting CDKN1A. It is suggested that miR-93/CDKN1A axis may present a new target for the treatment of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyao Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262500, P.R. China
| | - Zhina Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262500, P.R. China
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94
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Li J, Zhou C, Wang G, Wang S, Ni S, Ye M, Zhang J. Promoter hypermethylation of SLIT2 is a risk factor and potential diagnostic biomarker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Gene 2017; 644:74-79. [PMID: 29107007 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SLIT2 is a candidate tumor suppressor gene and recent studies have shown that SLIT2 expression is suppressed or reduced by hypermethylation in the promoter region in various cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between SLIT2 promoter methylation and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its relative diagnostic ability for NPC. Bisulfite pyrosequencing technology was performed to measure methylation levels of the SLIT2 promoter in tissue and plasma samples from 61 NPC patients and 38 normal volunteers. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the diagnostic ability of SLIT2 methylation for diagnosing NPC. Our results showed that methylation levels of the SLIT2 promoter were significantly higher in NPC patients compared with individuals, both in tissue samples (P=2.57E-10) and plasma samples (plasma: P=3.86E-13). In addition, the frequency of SLIT2 promoter methylation markedly increased in the advanced stage (tissue: P=3.50E-05; plasma: P=1.14E-04) and advanced T classified (tissue: P=9.00E-06; plasma: P=3.80E-05), as well as in lymph node metastasis patients (tissue: P=1.82E-03; plasma: P=2.22E-03). In addition, the AUCs according to tissue and plasma samples were 0.846 and 0.866, respectively. When these two sample-types were combined, the AUC increased slightly to 0.874. Our study revealed that elevated SLIT2 promoter methylation contributed to the risk of NPC, as well as being involved in its progression and metastasis. Therefore, the methylated SLIT2 promoter could serve as a potential biomarker for diagnosing NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyun Li
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chongchang Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Guoli Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shaomin Wang
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuming Ni
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meng Ye
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China.
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95
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Wang Z, Yi X, Du L, Wang H, Tang J, Wang M, Qi C, Li H, Lai Y, Xia W, Tang A. A study of Epstein-Barr virus infection in the Chinese tree shrew(Tupaia belangeri chinensis). Virol J 2017; 14:193. [PMID: 28985762 PMCID: PMC5639599 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-017-0859-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is closely associated with many human diseases, including a variety of deadly human malignant tumours. However, due to the lack of ideal animal models,the biological characteristics of EBV, particularly its function in tumourigenesis, have not been determined. Chinese tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri chinensis), which are similar to primates, have been used to establish a variety of animal models and have recently received much attention. Here, we established tree shrews as a model for EBV infection by intravenous injection. Methods Ten tree shrews were inoculated with EBV by intravenous injection,and blood was collected at regular intervals thereafter from the femoral artery or vein to detect EBV markers. Results Eight of 10 tree shrews showed evidence of EBV infection. In the 8 EBV-infected tree shrews, EBV copy number increased intermittently or transiently, EBV-related gene expression was detected, and anti-EBV antibodies increased to varying degrees. Macroscopic hepatomegaly was observed in 1 tree shrew, splenomegaly was observed in 4 tree shrews, and enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes were observed in 3 tree shrews. Haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining showed splenic corpuscle hyperplasia in the spleens of 4 tree shrews and inflammatory cell infiltration of the liver of 1 tree shrew and of the mesenteric lymph nodes of 3 tree shrews. EBER in situ hybridization(ISH) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining showed that EBER-, LMP1- and EBNA2- positive cells were present in the spleens and mesenteric lymph nodes of some tree shrews. Western blotting (WB) revealed EBNA1-positive cells in the spleens of 4 tree shrews. EBV markers were not detected by HE, EBER-ISH or IHC in the lung or nasopharynx. Conclusions These findings suggest that EBV can infect tree shrews via intravenous injection. The presented model offers some advantages for exploring the pathophysiology of EBV infection in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiang Yi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Long Du
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Menglin Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chenglin Qi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Heng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yongjing Lai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Anzhou Tang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China. .,Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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96
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Eze N, Lo YC, Burtness B. Biomarker driven treatment of head and neck squamous cell cancer. CANCERS OF THE HEAD & NECK 2017; 2:6. [PMID: 31093353 PMCID: PMC6460531 DOI: 10.1186/s41199-017-0025-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Treatment modalities of head and neck squamous cell cancer include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, targeted agents and immune checkpoint inhibition. Treatment is often toxic and can affect long-term function and quality of life. In this context, identification of biomarker data that can help tailor therapy on an individualized basis and reduce treatment-related toxicity would be highly beneficial. A variety of predictive biomarkers have been discovered and are already utilized in clinical practice, while many more are being explored. We will review p16 overexpression as a surrogate biomarker in HPV-associated head and neck cancer and plasma EBV DNA as a biomarker in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, the two established biomarkers currently utilized in clinical practice. We will also examine novel predictive biomarkers that are in clinical development and may shape the future landscape of targeted head and neck cancer therapy. These emerging biomarkers include the tyrosine kinases and their signaling pathway, immune checkpoint biomarkers, tumor suppressor abnormalities, and molecular predictors of hypoxia-targeted therapy. We will also look at futuristic biomarkers including detection of circulating DNA from clinical specimens and rapid tumor profiling. We will highlight the ongoing effort that will see a shift from prognostic to predictive biomarker development in head and neck cancer with the goal of delivering individualized cancer therapy. Trial registration N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nnamdi Eze
- 1Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, 333 Cedar Street, Room WWW-221, P.O. Box 208028, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
| | - Ying-Chun Lo
- 2Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Barbara Burtness
- 3Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT USA
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97
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Spatial and temporal patterns of nasopharyngeal carcinoma mortality in China, 1973–2005. Cancer Lett 2017; 401:33-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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98
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Yao JJ, Lin L, Jin YN, Wang SY, Zhang WJ, Zhang F, Zhou GQ, Cheng ZB, Qi ZY, Sun Y. Prognostic value of serum Epstein-Barr virus antibodies in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and undetectable pretreatment Epstein-Barr virus DNA. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:1640-1647. [PMID: 28603915 PMCID: PMC5543490 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is closely associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Serum IgA antibodies against early antigen (EA-IgA) and viral capsid antigen (VCA-IgA) are the most commonly used to screen for NPC in endemic areas. However, the prognostic value of serum EA-IgA and VCA-IgA in patients with NPC is less clear. We hypothesize that serum EA-IgA and VCA-IgA levels have prognostic impact for survival outcomes in NPC patients with undetectable pretreatment EBV (pEBV) DNA. In this series, 334 patients with non-metastatic NPC and undetectable pEBV DNA were included. Serum EA-IgA and VCA-IgA were determined by ELISA. After analysis, serum EA-IgA and VCA-IgA loads correlated positively with T, N, and overall stage (all P < 0.05). Serum EA-IgA was not associated with survival outcome in univariable analyses. But patients with serum VCA-IgA >1:120 had significantly inferior 5-year progression-free survival (80.4% vs 89.6%, P = 0.025), distant metastasis-free survival (88.4% vs 94.8%, P = 0.050), and locoregional relapse-free survival (88.4% vs 95.6%, P = 0.023; log-rank test). Multivariable analyses revealed that N stage was the only independent prognostic factor (all P < 0.05), but the VCA-IgA became insignificant. Further analyses revealed that serum VCA-IgA was not an independent prognostic factor in early N (N0-1) or advanced N (N2-3) stage NPC. In summary, although both EA-IgA and VCA-IgA correlate strongly with TNM stage, our analyses do not suggest that these antibodies are prognostic biomarkers in patients with NPC and undetectable pEBV DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Jin Yao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Nan Jin
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Yang Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Wang-Jian Zhang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Health Information Research Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Guan-Qun Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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99
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Hu J, Li H, Luo X, Li Y, Bode A, Cao Y. The role of oxidative stress in EBV lytic reactivation, radioresistance and the potential preventive and therapeutic implications. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:1722-1729. [PMID: 28571118 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education; Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Changsha China
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University; Changsha China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis; Chinese Ministry of Health; Changsha China
| | - Hongde Li
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education; Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Changsha China
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University; Changsha China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis; Chinese Ministry of Health; Changsha China
| | - Xiangjian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education; Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Changsha China
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University; Changsha China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis; Chinese Ministry of Health; Changsha China
| | - Yueshuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education; Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Changsha China
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University; Changsha China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis; Chinese Ministry of Health; Changsha China
| | - Ann Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota; Austin MN 55912
| | - Ya Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education; Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Changsha China
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University; Changsha China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis; Chinese Ministry of Health; Changsha China
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100
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Shen H, Zhong M, Wang W, Liao P, Yin X, Rotroff D, Knepper TC, Mcleod HL, Zhou C, Xie S, Li W, Xu B, He Y. EBV infection and MSI status significantly influence the clinical outcomes of gastric cancer patients. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 471:216-221. [PMID: 28601671 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and microsatellite instability (MSI) are associated with the carcinogenesis of many kinds of tumors, including gastric cancer (GC). However, the impact of EBV and MSI status on the prognosis of stage II and III GC is still unclear. The aim of this study was to find out the prognostic value of EBV and MSI status in a population of GC patients from Southern China. METHODS Patients were genotyped for EBV infection based on the detection of EBV DNA from the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens. Sequentially, MSI status was measured by direct sequencing. Clinical characteristics and overall survival (OS) were analyzed in 202 GC patients. Additionally, the association of EBV and MSI status with chemotherapy-based toxicity was analyzed in 324 GC patients. RESULTS The survival analysis revealed EBV+ patients had a poorer OS than EBV- patients (HR=1.75, 95% CI: 1.08-2.82, FDR p=0.04). This survival advantage for EBV- patients was also found in patients <60y (FDR p=0.04) and patient with stage III disease (FDR p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS EBV infection and MSI status are associated with overall survival of gastric cancer patients. However, traditional chemotherapy showed no difference on outcome of patients in EBV and MSI subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Shen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Gastroenterology and Urology Department, Hunan Cancer hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Meizuo Zhong
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weili Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ping Liao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xianli Yin
- Gastroenterology and Urology Department, Hunan Cancer hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Daniel Rotroff
- Moffitt Cancer Center, DeBartolo Family Personalized Medicine Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Todd C Knepper
- Moffitt Cancer Center, DeBartolo Family Personalized Medicine Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Howard L Mcleod
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China; Moffitt Cancer Center, DeBartolo Family Personalized Medicine Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Chengfang Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shangchen Xie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Biaobo Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Yijing He
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China; Moffitt Cancer Center, DeBartolo Family Personalized Medicine Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
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