51
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Zhang Z, Wang D, Xu C, Li Y, Yu Y, Chen C, Li M, Zhang X. Analysis of expression levels of markers associated with tumor proliferation and angiogenesis in familial adenomatous polyposis. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1534. [PMID: 33108070 PMCID: PMC7767556 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant hereditary disease with colorectal adenomatous polyps as the main clinical manifestations. The objective of this study was to analyze and compare the expression levels of tumor proliferation and angiogenesis‐related genes in different tissue sections of FAP patients through qPCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis. Methods Seventeen patients with FAP admitted to Tianjin Union Medical Center from January 2010 to June 2015 were selected, and then, normal intestinal mucosa, polyp tissue, or cancerous polyp tissue were collected. QPCR, western blot, and IHC were used to detect the expression level of genes or proteins correlated with tumor proliferation. Results The mRNA expression of CD31 in large polyp tissue was significantly higher than that in normal tissue and small polyp tissue. Compared with normal tissue and polyp tissue, the expression level of KI67 mRNA in cancer tissue was remarkably increased. The VEGFA mRNA and CDH5 mRNA expression in both polyp and cancer tissues were prominently lower than those in normal tissue. The expression of CD31 protein in cancer tissue was lower than that in normal tissue and polyp tissue, whereas the expression levels of VEGF, CDH5, and KI67 protein were widely higher than that in normal tissue and polyp tissue. Conclusion Abnormal expressions of CD31, KI67, VEGF(A), and CDH5 were associated with the carcinogenesis of FAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of pathology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuwei Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongjun Yu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingsen Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Xipeng Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
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52
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Peleli M, Moustakas A, Papapetropoulos A. Endothelial-Tumor Cell Interaction in Brain and CNS Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7371. [PMID: 33036204 PMCID: PMC7582718 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma and other brain or CNS malignancies (like neuroblastoma and medulloblastoma) are difficult to treat and are characterized by excessive vascularization that favors further tumor growth. Since the mean overall survival of these types of diseases is low, the finding of new therapeutic approaches is imperative. In this review, we discuss the importance of the interaction between the endothelium and the tumor cells in brain and CNS malignancies. The different mechanisms of formation of new vessels that supply the tumor with nutrients are discussed. We also describe how the tumor cells (TC) alter the endothelial cell (EC) physiology in a way that favors tumorigenesis. In particular, mechanisms of EC-TC interaction are described such as (a) communication using secreted growth factors (i.e., VEGF, TGF-β), (b) intercellular communication through gap junctions (i.e., Cx43), and (c) indirect interaction via intermediate cell types (pericytes, astrocytes, neurons, and immune cells). At the signaling level, we outline the role of important mediators, like the gasotransmitter nitric oxide and different types of reactive oxygen species and the systems producing them. Finally, we briefly discuss the current antiangiogenic therapies used against brain and CNS tumors and the potential of new pharmacological interventions that target the EC-TC interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Peleli
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 582, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden;
- Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 71 Athens, Greece
| | - Aristidis Moustakas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 582, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 71 Athens, Greece
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53
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Jiang X, Wang J, Deng X, Xiong F, Zhang S, Gong Z, Li X, Cao K, Deng H, He Y, Liao Q, Xiang B, Zhou M, Guo C, Zeng Z, Li G, Li X, Xiong W. The role of microenvironment in tumor angiogenesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:204. [PMID: 32993787 PMCID: PMC7526376 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01709-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis is necessary for the continued survival and development of tumor cells, and plays an important role in their growth, invasion, and metastasis. The tumor microenvironment—composed of tumor cells, surrounding cells, and secreted cytokines—provides a conducive environment for the growth and survival of tumors. Different components of the tumor microenvironment can regulate tumor development. In this review, we have discussed the regulatory role of the microenvironment in tumor angiogenesis. High expression of angiogenic factors and inflammatory cytokines in the tumor microenvironment, as well as hypoxia, are presumed to be the reasons for poor therapeutic efficacy of current anti-angiogenic drugs. A combination of anti-angiogenic drugs and antitumor inflammatory drugs or hypoxia inhibitors might improve the therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjie Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangying Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Xiong
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaojian Gong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke Cao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Deng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Can Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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54
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Yin X, Fang T, Zhang L, Lin X, Yang Y, Lou S, Li C, Yu X, Xue Y. Impact of CD144 gene expression on outcomes in stage III gastric cancer patients. Pathology 2020; 52:657-669. [PMID: 32859388 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
CD144 has been shown to promote tumour angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis in malignant tumours. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the clinical prognostic significance of CD144 in advanced gastric cancer (GC) to complement the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th Edition convention. We established that CD144 was highly related to angiogenesis using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) public databases. We randomly selected 173 stage III GC patients who received curative gastrectomy. The expression level of CD144 was assessed by immunohistochemistry and Image-Pro Plus software. After survival analysis, nomograms were created to predict the risk of stage III gastric cancer patients' 5-years survival. In this study, the median value of the CD144 positive area/total area under the microscope was 5.6%, and this was defined as the cut-off value. The expression of CD144 assisted further subgrouping of stage Ⅲa, Ⅲb, and Ⅲc GC patients. To evaluate the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients, univariate and multivariate analysis was performed, which showed that the expression of CD144 was an independent predictor for DFS, and Borrmann type and expression of CD144 were independent predictors for OS (p<0.05). Nomograms were used to evaluate the risk of stage III GC by combining Borrmann type and the expression level of CD144. In advanced GC patients, the expression level of CD144 is a useful prognostic indicator in evaluating the risk of disease prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yin
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Tianyi Fang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Lin
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Yongheng Yang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Shenghan Lou
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Chunfeng Li
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Xuefeng Yu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Yingwei Xue
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, P.R. China.
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55
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Wang HG, Yan H, Wang C, Li MM, Lv XZ, Wu HD, Fang ZH, Mo DL, Zhang ZY, Liang B, Lai KG, Bao JY, Yang XJ, Zhao HJ, Chen S, Fan YM, Tong XG. circAFF1 Aggravates Vascular Endothelial Cell Dysfunction Mediated by miR-516b/SAV1/YAP1 Axis. Front Physiol 2020; 11:899. [PMID: 32848851 PMCID: PMC7425207 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological vascular endothelial damage caused by hypoxia is the basis of many vascular-related diseases. However, the role of circular RNA in hypoxic vascular injury is still poorly understood. Here, we found that hypoxia induced AFF1 circular RNA (circAFF1) can activate the SAV1/YAP1 and lead to the dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells. In HUV-EC-C and HBEC-5i cells, circAFF1 was upregulated under CoCl2 induced hypoxic conditions. The abnormal expression of circAFF1 inhibited the proliferation, tube formation, migration of vascular endothelial cells. The effect of circAFF1 is achieved by the adsorption of miR-516b to release SAV1, which in turn causes the phosphorylation of YAP1. Moreover, we found that the upregulation of circAFF1 in 235 Patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Taken together, we clarify the role of circAFF1/miR-516b/SAV1/YAP1 axis in vascular endothelial dysfunction and its potential early diagnostic value of disease caused by hypoxia injury in blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Guang Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Institute, of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Mi-Mi Li
- Tianjin Institute, of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin-Ze Lv
- Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hai-Dong Wu
- Tianjin Institute, of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhan-Hai Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Dong-Li Mo
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Zhang
- Tianjin Institute, of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Liang
- Tianjin Institute, of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ke-Guan Lai
- Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing-Yu Bao
- Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue-Jia Yang
- Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong-Juan Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Songjiang Sijing Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi-Mu Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Guang Tong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
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56
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Zhang X, Zhang W, Mao XG, Cao WD, Zhen HN, Hu SJ. Malignant Intracranial High Grade Glioma and Current Treatment Strategy. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2020; 19:101-108. [PMID: 29848277 DOI: 10.2174/1568009618666180530090922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Malignant high-grade glioma (HGG) is the most common and extremely fatal type of primary intracranial tumor. These tumors recurred within 2 to 3 cm of the primary region of tumor resection in the majority of cases. Furthermore, the blood-brain barrier significantly limited the access of many systemically administered chemotherapeutics to the tumor, pointing towards a stringent need for new therapeutic patterns. Therefore, targeting therapy using local drug delivery for HGG becomes a priority for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. The main objectives to the effective use of chemotherapy for HGG include the drug delivery to the tumor region and the infusion of chemotherapeutic agents into the vascular supply of a tumor directly, which could improve the pharmacokinetic profile by enhancing drug delivery to the neoplasm tissue. Herein, we reviewed clinical and molecular features, different methods of chemotherapy application in HGGs, especially the existing and promising targeting therapies using local drug delivery for HGG which could effectively inhibit tumor invasion, proliferation and recurrence of HGG to combat the deadly disease. Undoubtedly, novel chemical medicines targeting these HGG may represent one of the most important directions in the Neuro-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xing-Gang Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wei-Dong Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Navy General Hospital, PLA, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Hai-Ning Zhen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Shi-Jie Hu
- Department of Neuro-oncology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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57
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Cai H, Liu W, Liu X, Li Z, Feng T, Xue Y, Liu Y. Advances and Prospects of Vasculogenic Mimicry in Glioma: A Potential New Therapeutic Target? Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:4473-4483. [PMID: 32547078 PMCID: PMC7247597 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s247855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is the formation of a “vessel-like” structure without endothelial cells. VM exists in vascular-dependent solid tumors and is a special blood supply source involved in the highly invasive tumor progression. VM is observed in a variety of human malignant tumors and is closely related to tumor proliferation, invasion, and recurrence. Here, we review the mechanism, related signaling pathways, and molecular regulation of VM in glioma and discuss current research problems and the potential future applications of VM in glioma treatment. This review may provide a new viewpoint for glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobai Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqing Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianda Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixue Xue
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-Oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
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58
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Fathi Maroufi N, Taefehshokr S, Rashidi MR, Taefehshokr N, Khoshakhlagh M, Isazadeh A, Mokarizadeh N, Baradaran B, Nouri M. Vascular mimicry: changing the therapeutic paradigms in cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:4749-4765. [PMID: 32424524 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05515-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a major problem in the health system, and despite many efforts to effectively treat it, none has yet been fully successful. Angiogenesis and metastasis are considered as major challenges in the treatment of various cancers. Researchers have struggled to succeed with anti-angiogenesis drugs for the effective treatment of cancer, although new challenges have emerged in the treatment with the emergence of resistance to anti-angiogenesis and anti-metastatic drugs. Numerous studies have shown that different cancers can resist anti-angiogenesis drugs in a new process called vascular mimicry (VM). The studies have revealed that cells resistant to anti-angiogenesis cancer therapies are more capable of forming VMs in the in vivo and in vitro environment, although there is a link between the presence of VM and poor clinical outcomes. Given the importance of the VM in the challenges facing cancer treatment, researchers are trying to identify factors that prevent the formation of these structures. In this review article, it is attempted to provide a comprehensive overview of the molecules and main signaling pathways involved in VM phenomena, as well as the agents currently being identified as anti-VM and the role of VM in response to treatment and prognosis of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazila Fathi Maroufi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sina Taefehshokr
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Rashidi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nima Taefehshokr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Human Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Mahdieh Khoshakhlagh
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Isazadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Narmin Mokarizadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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59
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Yu F, Goh YT, Li H, Chakrapani NB, Ni M, Xu GL, Hsieh TM, Toh YC, Cheung C, Iliescu C, Yu H. A vascular-liver chip for sensitive detection of nutraceutical metabolites from human pluripotent stem cell derivatives. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2020; 14:034108. [PMID: 32509050 PMCID: PMC7255812 DOI: 10.1063/5.0004286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) is a great resource for generating cell derivatives for drug efficiency testing. Metabolites of nutraceuticals can exert anti-inflammatory effects on blood vessels. However, the concentration of nutraceutical metabolites produced in hPSC-derived hepatocytes (hPSC-HEPs) is usually low. To enable the detection of these metabolites under the in vitro environment, we have developed a co-culture model consisting of parallel co-culture chambers and a recirculating microfluidic system with minimum fluid volume, optimal cell culture environment. The model allows cells to be exposed continuously to nutraceutical metabolites. In this perfused culturing model, hPSC-derived endothelial cells and hPSC-HEPs are co-cultured without physical contact. When an anti-inflammatory nutraceutical, quercetin, was administrated to the co-culture, higher levels of quercetin metabolites were detected on-chip compared with static control. We further induced inflammation with Interleukin-1β in the co-culture model and measured interleukin 8 (IL-8) generation. The IL-8 level was suppressed more significantly by quercetin metabolites in the perfusion co-culture, as compared to static culture. This is due to enhanced metabolites production on-chip. This microfluidic co-culture model enables in vitro screening of nutraceuticals using hPSC-derived cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Huan Li
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, A*STAR, The Nanos, #04-01, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669
| | | | - Ming Ni
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Hacienda San José s/n, San Miguel de Urcuquí 100105, Ecuador
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Extracellular Protease ADAMTS1 Is Required at Early Stages of Human Uveal Melanoma Development by Inducing Stemness and Endothelial-Like Features on Tumor Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040801. [PMID: 32230715 PMCID: PMC7226337 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix remodeling within the tumor microenvironment has been recognized as a relevant dynamic framework during tumor growth. However, research on proteases that trigger this remodeling keeps revealing a wide range of actions including both pro- and anti-tumorigenic. The extracellular protease ADAMTS1 exemplifies this dual role. In this work, we first confirmed a positive correlation of ADAMTS1 with endothelial-like phenotype of human melanoma cells together with the finding of associated signatures, including key genes such as endothelial CDH5. Using a CRISPR-Cas9 approach, we observed that the inhibition of ADAMTS1 in an aggressive uveal melanoma model compromised its endothelial-like properties, and more importantly, caused a robust blockade on the progression of tumor xenografts. Although vasculature emerged affected in ADAMTS1-deficient tumors, the most relevant action implied the downregulation of endothelial CDH5 in tumor cells, in association with stemness markers. Indeed, melanoma sphere assays also revealed a deficient commitment to form spheres in the absence of ADAMTS1, directly correlating with stemness markers and, remarkably, also with CDH5. Finally, taking advantage of advanced bioinformatics tools and available public data of uveal melanomas, we disclosed new prognosis factors, including endothelial elements and ADAMTS proteases. Our findings support the key role of ADAMTS proteases for uveal melanoma development since earlier stages, modulating the complex crosstalk between extracellular matrix and the induction of stemness and endothelial-like features. To our knowledge, this is the first report that supports the development of therapeutic targets on the extracellular matrix to overcome uveal melanoma.
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Vasculogenic mimicry in carcinogenesis and clinical applications. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:19. [PMID: 32169087 PMCID: PMC7071697 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00858-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Distinct from classical tumor angiogenesis, vasculogenic mimicry (VM) provides a blood supply for tumor cells independent of endothelial cells. VM has two distinct types, namely tubular type and patterned matrix type. VM is associated with high tumor grade, tumor progression, invasion, metastasis, and poor prognosis in patients with malignant tumors. Herein, we discuss the recent studies on the role of VM in tumor progression and the diverse mechanisms and signaling pathways that regulate VM in tumors. Furthermore, we also summarize the latest findings of non-coding RNAs, such as lncRNAs and miRNAs in VM formation. In addition, we review application of molecular imaging technologies in detection of VM in malignant tumors. Increasing evidence suggests that VM is significantly associated with poor overall survival in patients with malignant tumors and could be a potential therapeutic target.
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Wang TX, Tan WL, Huang JC, Cui ZF, Liang RD, Li QC, Lu H. Identification of aberrantly methylated differentially expressed genes targeted by differentially expressed miRNA in osteosarcoma. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:373. [PMID: 32355817 PMCID: PMC7186728 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumors diagnosed in children and adolescents. Recent studies have shown a prognostic role of DNA methylation in various cancers, including OS. The aim of this study was to identify the aberrantly methylated genes that are prognostically relevant in OS. Methods The differentially expressed mRNAs, miRNAs and methylated genes (DEGs, DEMs and DMGs respectively) were screened from various GEO databases, and the potential target genes of the DEMs were predicted by the RNA22 program. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed using the STRING database and visualized by Cytoscape software. The functional enrichment and survival analyses of the screened genes was performed using the R software. Results Forty-seven downregulated hypermethylated genes and three upregulated hypomethylated genes were identified that were enriched in cell activation, migration and proliferation functions, and were involved in cancer-related pathways like JAK-STAT and PI3K-AKT. Eight downregulated hypermethylated tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) were identified among the screened genes based on the TSGene database. These hub genes are likely involved in OS genesis, progression and metastasis, and are potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Conclusions TSGs including PYCARD, STAT5A, CXCL12 and CXCL14 were aberrantly methylated in OS, and are potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Our findings provide new insights into the role of methylation in OS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Xuan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Wen-Le Tan
- Department of Orthopedics, Luoding People's Hospital, Luoding 527200, China
| | - Jin-Cheng Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Zhi-Fei Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Ri-Dong Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Southern Medical University Affiliated Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 523800, China
| | - Qing-Chu Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Academy of Orthopedics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Hai Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
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Zhu Y, Liu X, Zhao P, Zhao H, Gao W, Wang L. Celastrol Suppresses Glioma Vasculogenic Mimicry Formation and Angiogenesis by Blocking the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:25. [PMID: 32116702 PMCID: PMC7025498 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis and vasculogenic mimicry (VM) are thought to be the predominant processes ensuring tumor blood supply during the growth and metastasis of glioblastoma (GBM). Celastrol has potential anti-glioma effects, however the mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclarified. Recent studies have shown that the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is closely related to angiogenesis and VM formation. In the present study, we have demonstrated, for the first time, that celastrol eliminated VM formation by blocking this signaling pathway in glioma cells. By the treatment of celastrol, tumor growth was suppressed, tight junction and basal lamina structures in tumor microvasculature were disarranged in U87 glioma orthotopic xenografts in nude mice. Periodic acid Schiff (PAS)-CD31 staining revealed that celastrol inhibited both VM and angiogenesis in tumor tissues. Additionally, celastrol reduced the expression levels of the angiogenesis-related proteins CD31, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) 2, angiopoietin (Ang) 2 and VEGFA, VM-related proteins ephrin type-A receptor (EphA) 2, and vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin. Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α, phosphorylated PI3K, Akt, and mTOR were also downregulated by treatment with celastrol. In vitro, we further demonstrated that celastrol inhibited the growth, migration, and invasion of U87 and U251 cells, disrupted VM formation, and blocked the activity of PI3K, Akt, and mTOR. Collectively, our data suggest that celastrol inhibits VM formation and angiogenesis likely by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xihong Liu
- Basic Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, China
| | - Peiyuan Zhao
- Basic Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Zeng F, Wang K, Liu X, Zhao Z. Comprehensive profiling identifies a novel signature with robust predictive value and reveals the potential drug resistance mechanism in glioma. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:2. [PMID: 31907037 PMCID: PMC6943920 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0492-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gliomas are the most common and malignant brain tumors. The standard therapy is surgery combined with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and/or other comprehensive methods. However, the emergence of chemoresistance is the main obstacle in treatment and its mechanism is still unclear. Methods We firstly developed a multi-gene signature by integrated analysis of cancer stem cell and drug resistance related genes. The Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA, 325 samples) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA, 699 samples) datasets were then employed to verify the efficacy of the risk signature and investigate its significance in glioma prognosis. GraphPad Prism, SPSS and R language were used for statistical analysis and graphical work. Results This signature could distinguish the prognosis of patients, and patients with high risk score exhibited short survival time. The Cox regression and Nomogram model indicated the independent prognostic performance and high prognostic accuracy of the signature for survival. Combined with a well-known chemotherapy impact factor-MGMT promoter methylation status, this risk signature could further subdivide patients with distinct survival. Functional analysis of associated genes revealed signature-related biological process of cell proliferation, immune response and cell stemness. These mechanisms were confirmed in patient samples. Conclusions The signature was an independent and powerful prognostic biomarker in glioma, which would improve risk stratification and provide a more accurate assessment of personalized treatment. Additional file 8 Video abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zeng
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring Road West, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Kuanyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Xiu Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring Road West, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.
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Cai HP, Wang J, Xi SY, Ni XR, Chen YS, Yu YJ, Cen ZW, Yu ZH, Chen FR, Guo CC, Zhang J, Ke C, Wang J, Chen ZP. Tenascin-cmediated vasculogenic mimicry formation via regulation of MMP2/MMP9 in glioma. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:879. [PMID: 31754182 PMCID: PMC6872754 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2102-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vasculogenic mimicry (VM), the formation of vessel-like structures by highly invasive tumor cells, has been considered one of several mechanisms responsible for the failure of anti-angiogenesis therapy in glioma patients. Therefore, inhibiting VM formation might be an effective therapeutic method to antagonize the angiogenesis resistance. This study aimed to show that an extracellular protein called Tenascin-c (TNC) is involved in VM formation and that TNC knockdown inhibits VM in glioma. TNC was upregulated with an increase in glioma grade. TNC and VM formation are potential independent predictors of survival of glioma patients. TNC upregulation was correlated with VM formation, and exogenous TNC stimulated VM formation. Furthermore, TNC knockdown significantly suppressed VM formation and proliferation in glioma cells in vitro and in vivo, with a reduction in cellular invasiveness and migration. Mechanistically, TNC knockdown decreased Akt phosphorylation at Ser473 and Thr308 and subsequently downregulated matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9, both of which are important proteins associated with VM formation and migration. Our results indicate that TNC plays an important role in VM formation in glioma, suggesting that TNC is a potential therapeutic target for anti-angiogenesis therapy for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ping Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Yan Xi
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Rong Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P.R. China
| | - Yin-Sheng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Jiao Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Wen Cen
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Hui Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Rong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P.R. China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P.R. China
| | - Chao Ke
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P.R. China.
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Zhang Y, Jiang N, Zhang T, Chen R, Feng Y, Sang X, Yang N, Chen Q. Tim-3 signaling blockade with α-lactose induces compensatory TIGIT expression in Plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected mice. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:534. [PMID: 31711531 PMCID: PMC6849286 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3788-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaria, one of the largest health burdens worldwide, is caused by Plasmodium spp. infection. Upon infection, the host's immune system begins to clear the parasites. However, Plasmodium species have evolved to escape the host's immune clearance. T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3), a surface molecule on most immune cells, is often referred to as an exhaustion marker. Galectin (Gal)-9 is a Tim-3 ligand and the T helper (Th) 1 cell response is inhibited when Gal-9 binds to Tim-3. In the present study, dynamic expression of Tim-3 on key populations of lymphocytes during infection periods of Plasmodium berghei and its significance in disease resistance and pathogenesis were explored. METHODS Tim-3 expression on critical lymphocyte populations and the proportion of these cells, as well as the levels of cytokines in the sera of infected mice, were detected by flow cytometry. Further, in vitro anti-Tim-3 assay using an anti-Tim-3 antibody and in vivo Tim-3-Gal-9 signaling blockade assays using α-lactose (an antagonist of Gal-9) were conducted. An Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit with propidium iodide was used to detect apoptosis. In addition, proteins associated with apoptosis in lung and spleen tissues were confirmed by Western blotting assays. RESULTS Increased Tim-3 expression on splenic CD8+ and splenic CD4+, and circulatory CD4+ T cells was associated with a reduction in the proportion of these cells. Furthermore, the levels of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-22, and interferon (IFN)-γ, but not that of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), IL-10, and IL-9, increased to their highest levels at day 4 post-infection and decreased thereafter. Blocking Tim-3 signaling in vitro inhibited lymphocyte apoptosis. Tim-3-Gal-9 signaling blockade in vivo did not protect the mice, but induced the expression of the immunosuppressive molecule, T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT), in Plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected mice. CONCLUSIONS Tim-3 on lymphocytes negatively regulates cell-mediated immunity against Plasmodium infection, and blocking Tim-3-galectin 9 signaling using α-lactose did not significantly protect the mice; however, it induced the compensatory expression of TIGIT. Further investigations are required to identify whether combined blockade of Tim-3 and TIGIT signaling could achieve a better protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.,The Research Unit for Pathogenic Mechanisms of Zoonotic Parasites, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.,The Research Unit for Pathogenic Mechanisms of Zoonotic Parasites, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.,The Research Unit for Pathogenic Mechanisms of Zoonotic Parasites, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.,The Research Unit for Pathogenic Mechanisms of Zoonotic Parasites, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xiaoyu Sang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.,The Research Unit for Pathogenic Mechanisms of Zoonotic Parasites, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Na Yang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.,The Research Unit for Pathogenic Mechanisms of Zoonotic Parasites, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Qijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China. .,The Research Unit for Pathogenic Mechanisms of Zoonotic Parasites, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China.
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Hajizadeh F, Okoye I, Esmaily M, Ghasemi Chaleshtari M, Masjedi A, Azizi G, Irandoust M, Ghalamfarsa G, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Hypoxia inducible factors in the tumor microenvironment as therapeutic targets of cancer stem cells. Life Sci 2019; 237:116952. [PMID: 31622608 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSC) constitute a small area of the tumor mass and are characterized by self-renewal, differentiation and the ability to promote the development of secondary chemo-resistant tumors. Self-renewal of CSCs is regulated through various signaling pathways including Hedgehog, Notch, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. A few surface markers have been identified, which provide a means of targeting CSCs according to tumor type. Depending on the proximity of CSCs to the tumor hypoxic niche, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) can play a critical role in modulating several CSC-related characteristics. For instance, the upregulation of HIF-1 and HIF-2 at tumor sites, which correlates with the expansion of CSCs and poor cancer prognosis, has been demonstrated. In this review, we will discuss the mechanisms by which hypoxia enhances the development of CSCs in the tumor microenvironment. Targeting HIFs in combination with other common therapeutics is pre-requisite for effective eradication of CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Hajizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Isobel Okoye
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Maryam Esmaily
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Masjedi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mahzad Irandoust
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ghasem Ghalamfarsa
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Ayala-Domínguez L, Olmedo-Nieva L, Muñoz-Bello JO, Contreras-Paredes A, Manzo-Merino J, Martínez-Ramírez I, Lizano M. Mechanisms of Vasculogenic Mimicry in Ovarian Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:998. [PMID: 31612116 PMCID: PMC6776917 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid tumors carry out the formation of new vessels providing blood supply for growth, tumor maintenance, and metastasis. Several processes take place during tumor vascularization. In angiogenesis, new vessels are derived from endothelial cells of pre-existing vessels; while in vasculogenesis, new vessels are formed de novo from endothelial progenitor cells, creating an abnormal, immature, and disorganized vascular network. Moreover, highly aggressive tumor cells form structures similar to vessels, providing a pathway for perfusion; this process is named vasculogenic mimicry (VM), where vessel-like channels mimic the function of vessels and transport plasma and blood cells. VM is developed by numerous types of aggressive tumors, including ovarian carcinoma which is the second most common cause of death among gynecological cancers. VM has been associated with poor patient outcome and survival in ovarian cancer, although the involved mechanisms are still under investigation. Several signaling molecules have an important role in VM in ovarian cancer, by regulating the expression of genes related to vascular, embryogenic, and hypoxic signaling pathways. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge of the signaling molecules involved in the promotion and regulation of VM in ovarian cancer. The clinical implications and the potential benefit of identification and targeting of VM related molecules for ovarian cancer treatment are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lízbeth Ayala-Domínguez
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Leslie Olmedo-Nieva
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - J Omar Muñoz-Bello
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Contreras-Paredes
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Imelda Martínez-Ramírez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcela Lizano
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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69
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Fernández-Cortés M, Delgado-Bellido D, Oliver FJ. Vasculogenic Mimicry: Become an Endothelial Cell "But Not So Much". Front Oncol 2019; 9:803. [PMID: 31508365 PMCID: PMC6714586 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels supply all body tissues with nutrients and oxygen, take away waste products and allow the arrival of immune cells and other cells (pericytes, smooth muscle cells) that form part of these vessels around the principal endothelial cells. Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is a tumor blood supply system that takes place independently of angiogenesis or endothelial cells, and is associated with poor survival in cancer patients. Aberrant expression of VE-cadherin has been strongly associated with VM. Even more, VE-cadherin has constitutively high phosphorylation levels on the residue of Y658 in human malignant melanoma cells. In this review we focus on non-endothelial VE-cadherin and its post-translational modifications as a crucial component in the development of tumor VM, highlighting the signaling pathways that lead to their pseudo-endothelial and stem-like phenotype and the role of tumor microenvironment. We discuss the importance of the tumor microenvironment in VM acquisition, and describe the most recent therapeutic targets that have been proposed for the repression of VM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - F Javier Oliver
- CSIC, CIBERONC, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra, Granada, Spain
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Beyond N-Cadherin, Relevance of Cadherins 5, 6 and 17 in Cancer Progression and Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133373. [PMID: 31324051 PMCID: PMC6651558 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-cell adhesion molecules (cadherins) and cell-extracellular matrix adhesion proteins (integrins) play a critical role in the regulation of cancer invasion and metastasis. Although significant progress has been made in the characterization of multiple members of the cadherin superfamily, most of the published work continues to focus in the switch E-/N-cadherin and its role in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Here, we will discuss the structural and functional properties of a subset of cadherins (cadherin 17, cadherin 5 and cadherin 6) that have an RGD motif in the extracellular domains. This RGD motif is critical for the interaction with α2β1 integrin and posterior integrin pathway activation in cancer metastatic cells. However, other signaling pathways seem to be affected by RGD cadherin interactions, as will be discussed. The range of solid tumors with overexpression or "de novo" expression of one or more of these three cadherins is very wide (gastrointestinal, gynaecological and melanoma, among others), underscoring the relevance of these cadherins in cancer metastasis. Finally, we will discuss different evidences that support the therapeutic use of these cadherins by blocking their capacity to work as integrin ligands in order to develop new cures for metastatic patients.
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71
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Wang S, Jiang C, Zhang K. Significantly dysregulated genes in osteoarthritic labrum cells identified through gene expression profiling. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1716-1724. [PMID: 31257478 PMCID: PMC6625433 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore the molecular basis and identify significant genetic alterations in acetabular labrum cells associated with osteoarthritis (OA). Gene expression data of osteoarthritic and normal human labrum cells were downloaded from a public database and reanalyzed. Significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were acquired by performing a thorough analysis of microarray data between the OA acetabular labrum cells and control cells. Key genes in OA labrum cells were revealed by a combination of weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis. Literature mining and drug screening were further performed for these key genes. In total, 141 DEGs between OA and normal labrum cells were identified. In addition, WGCNA and PPI analysis identified 23 DEGs as key genes in the OA labrum. All the key genes were significantly downregulated in OA labrum cells and were grouped into two different WGCNA-PPI common subnetworks. Kinase insert domain receptor (KDR), CD34, cadherin 5 (CDH5), Fms related tyrosine kinase 1 (FLT1) and asporin were hub nodes in the PPI network of DEGs. These key genes were significantly enriched in functional clusters of transforming growth factor, alkaline phosphatase, bone morphogenic protein and extracellular matrix. Drug screening analysis identified several drugs targeting the key genes, including arachidonic acid, yohimbic acid and mimosine. The results of the present study indicate that the changes of FLT1, KDR, CD34 and CDH5 in acetabular labrum cells may be involved in the pathogenesis of OA and could serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets of OA. Additionally, arachidonic acid, yohimbic acid and mimosine may act as potential drugs for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272011, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Jiang
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Kefeng Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272011, P.R. China
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72
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Mao XG, Xue XY, Wang L, Wang L, Li L, Zhang X. Hypoxia Regulated Gene Network in Glioblastoma Has Special Algebraic Topology Structures and Revealed Communications Involving Warburg Effect and Immune Regulation. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2019; 39:1093-1114. [PMID: 31203532 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-019-00704-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia regulated genes (HRGs) formed a complex molecular interaction network (MINW), contributing to many aspects of glioblastoma (GBM) tumor biology. However, little is known about the intrinsic structures of the HRGs-MINW, mainly due to a lack of analysis tools to decipher MINWs. By introducing general hyper-geometric distribution, we obtained a statistically reliable gene set of HRGs (SR-HRGs) from several datasets. Next, MINWs were reconstructed from several independent GBM expression datasets. Algebraic topological analysis was performed to quantitatively analyze the amount of equivalence classes of cycles in various dimensions by calculating the Betti numbers. Persistent homology analysis of a filtration of growing networks was further performed to examine robust topological structures in the network by investigating the Betti curves, life length of the cycles. Random networks with the same number of node and edge and degree distribution were produced as controls. As a result, GBM-HRGs-MINWs reconstructed from different datasets exhibited great consistent Betti curves to each other, which were significantly different from that of random networks. Furthermore, HRGs-MINWs reconstructed from normal brain expression datasets exhibited topological structures significantly different from that of GBM-HRGs-MINWs. Analysis of cycles in GBM-HRGs-MINWs revealed genes that had clinical implications, and key parts of the cycles were also identified in reconstructed protein-protein interaction networks. In addition, the cycles are composed by genes involved in the Warburg effect, immune regulation, and angiogenesis. In summary, GBM-HRGs-MINWs contained abundant molecular interacting cycles in different dimensions, which are composed by genes involved in multiple programs essential for the tumorigenesis of GBM, revealing novel interaction diagrams in GBM and providing novel potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Gang Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao-Yan Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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73
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Li X, Xue Y, Liu X, Zheng J, Shen S, Yang C, Chen J, Li Z, Liu L, Ma J, Ma T, Liu Y. ZRANB2/SNHG20/FOXK1 Axis regulates Vasculogenic mimicry formation in glioma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:68. [PMID: 30744670 PMCID: PMC6371528 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1073-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Glioma is the most common intracranial neoplasm with vasculogenic mimicry formation as one form of blood supply. Many RNA-binding proteins and long non-coding RNAs are involved in tumorigenesis of glioma. Methods The expression of ZRANB2, SNHG20 and FOXK1 in glioma were detected by real-time PCR or western blot. The function of ZRANB2/SNHG20/FOXK1 axis in glioma associated with vasculogenic mimicry formation was analyzed. Results ZRANB2 is up-regulated in glioma tissues and glioma cells. ZRANB2 knockdown inhibits the proliferation, migration, invasion and vasculogenic mimicry formation of glioma cells. ZRANB2 binds to SNHG20 and increases its stability. Knockdown of SNHG20 reduces the degradation of FOXK1 mRNA by SMD pathway. FOXK1 inhibits transcription by binding to the promoters of MMP1, MMP9 and VE-Cadherin and inhibits vasculogenic mimicry formation of glioma cells. Conclusions ZRANB2/SNHG20/FOXK1 axis plays an important role in regulating vasculogenic mimicry formation of glioma, which might provide new targets of glioma therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1073-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhi Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang, 110004, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Yixue Xue
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaobai Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang, 110004, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang, 110004, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Shuyuan Shen
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunqing Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang, 110004, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang, 110004, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Libo Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yunhui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China. .,Liaoning Clinical Medical Research Center in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang, 110004, China. .,Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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74
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Yang D, Qiu J, Xu N, Zhao Y, Li T, Ma Q, Huang J, Wang G. Mussel adhesive protein fused with VE-cadherin domain specifically triggers endothelial cell adhesion. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:4151-4163. [PMID: 32255158 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00526e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Endothelium is the only known completely non-thrombogenic material. In the present study, a strategy to mimic the adhesive interactions of endothelial cells (ECs) to alter the vascular microenvironment was established and applied to directing the behaviour of cells. To facilitate the regeneration of a functional endothelium in vascular lesions, we designed a recombinant mussel foot protein (Mfp-5) fused with the VE-cadherin extracellular domain EC1-2, termed VE-M. Surface coating analysis showed that recombinant VE-M successfully formed a coating on substrate materials with uniform nanorods, low roughness, and sufficient hydrophilicity. We then evaluated the effects of VE-M on the adhesion of ECs and the capture of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). The result demonstrated that VE-M efficiently promoted the adhesion of ECs and EPCs. The number of ECs and EPCs on VE-M was 5.5- and 1.8-fold higher, respectively, than that on bare 316L SS under static conditions, whereas there was no significant difference in the number of captured smooth muscle cells (SMCs) between VE-M and other substrates. In addition, the number of EPCs captured by VE-M was approximately four times higher than that captured by 316L SS under dynamic conditions. In particular, the result of the neutralization test indicated that VE-M specifically triggered ECs' adhesion via the interaction of VE-cadherin EC1-2. Further investigation showed that VE-M significantly increased the levels of endogenous VE-cadherin in HUVECs as well as the endothelial eNOS content, with little or no endothelial inflammation. Our results showed that VE-M could be a promising biomimetic modification for accelerating endothelialization and vascularization in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongchuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, P. R. China.
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75
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Guarnaccia L, Navone SE, Trombetta E, Cordiglieri C, Cherubini A, Crisà FM, Rampini P, Miozzo M, Fontana L, Caroli M, Locatelli M, Riboni L, Campanella R, Marfia G. Angiogenesis in human brain tumors: screening of drug response through a patient-specific cell platform for personalized therapy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8748. [PMID: 29884885 PMCID: PMC5993734 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27116-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common brain tumors, with diverse biological behaviour. Glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive and with the worst prognosis, is characterized by an intense and aberrant angiogenesis, which distinguishes it from low-grade gliomas (LGGs) and benign expansive lesions, as meningiomas (MNGs). With increasing evidence for the importance of vascularization in tumor biology, we focused on the isolation and characterization of endothelial cells (ECs) from primary GBMs, LGGs and MNGs. Gene expression analysis by Real-Time PCR, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analysis, tube-like structures formation and vascular permeability assays were performed. Our results showed a higher efficiency of ECs to form a complex vascular architecture, as well as a greater impairment of a brain blood barrier model, and an overexpression of pro-angiogenic mediators in GBM than in LGG and MNG. Furthermore, administration of temozolomide, bevacizumab, and sunitinib triggered a different proliferative, apoptotic and angiogenic response, in a dose and time-dependent manner. An increased resistance to temozolomide was observed in T98G cells co-cultured in GBM-EC conditioned media. Therefore, we developed a novel platform to reproduce tumor vascularization as “disease in a dish”, which allows us to perform screening of sensitivity/resistance to drugs, in order to optimize targeted approaches to GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Guarnaccia
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy, Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Elena Navone
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy, Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Trombetta
- Flow Cytometry Service, Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Cordiglieri
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cherubini
- Cell Factory, Unit of Cell Therapy and Cryobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Maria Crisà
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy, Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Rampini
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy, Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Miozzo
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCs Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Fontana
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCs Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Caroli
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy, Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Locatelli
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy, Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Riboni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, LITA-Segrate, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Rolando Campanella
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy, Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marfia
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy, Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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76
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Biondani G, Zeeberg K, Greco MR, Cannone S, Dando I, Dalla Pozza E, Mastrodonato M, Forciniti S, Casavola V, Palmieri M, Reshkin SJ, Cardone RA. Extracellular matrix composition modulates PDAC parenchymal and stem cell plasticity and behavior through the secretome. FEBS J 2018; 285:2104-2124. [PMID: 29660229 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers. Its aggressiveness is driven by an intense fibrotic desmoplastic reaction in which the increasingly collagen I-rich extracellular matrix (ECM) and several cell types, including cancer stem cells (CSCs), create a tumor-supportive environment. However, how ECM composition regulates CSC dynamics and their relationship with the principle parenchymal tumor population to promote early invasive growth is not yet characterized. For this, we utilized a platform of 3D organotypic cultures composed of laminin-rich Matrigel, representative of an early tumor, plus increasing concentrations of collagen I to simulate malignant stroma progression. As ECM collagen I increases, CSCs progress from a rapidly growing, vascular phenotype to a slower growing, avascular phase, while maintaining their endothelial-like gene signatures. This transition is supported autocrinically by the CSCs and paracrinically by the parenchymal cells via their ECM-dependent secretomes. Indeed, when growing on an early tumor ECM, the CSCs are dedicated toward the preparation of a vascular niche by (a) activating their growth program, (b) secreting high levels of proangiogenic factors which stimulate both angiogenesis and vasculogenic mimicry, and (c) overexpressing VEGFR-2, which is activated by VEGF secreted by both the CSC and parenchymal cells. On Matrigel, the more differentiated parenchymal tumor cell population had reduced growth but a high invasive capacity. This concerted high local invasion of parenchymal cells into the CSC-derived vascular network suggests that a symbiotic relationship between the parenchymal cells and the CSCs underlies the initiation and maintenance of early PDAC infiltration and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Biondani
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Biochemistry Section, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Katrine Zeeberg
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Raffaella Greco
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Cannone
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Dando
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Biochemistry Section, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Elisa Dalla Pozza
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Biochemistry Section, University of Verona, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Forciniti
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Biochemistry Section, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Valeria Casavola
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Italy
| | - Marta Palmieri
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Biochemistry Section, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Stephan Joel Reshkin
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Italy
| | - Rosa Angela Cardone
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Italy
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77
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Hu Z, Wu Y, Zhou M, Wang X, Pang J, Li Z, Feng M, Wang Y, Hu Q, Zhao J, Liu X, Wu L, Liang D. Generation of reporter hESCs by targeting EGFP at the CD144 locus to facilitate the endothelial differentiation. Dev Growth Differ 2018; 60:205-215. [PMID: 29696633 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Reporter embryonic stem cell (ESC) lines with tissue-specific reporter genes may contribute to optimizing the differentiation conditions in vitro as well as trafficking transplanted cells in vivo. To optimize and monitor endothelial cell (EC) differentiation specifically, here we targeted the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) reporter gene at the junction of 5'UTR and exon2 of the endothelial specific marker gene CD144 using TALENs in human ESCs (H9) to generate a EGFP-CD144-reporter ESC line. The reporter cells expressed EGFP and CD144 increasingly and specifically without unexpected effects during the EC differentiation. The EC differentiation protocol was optimized and applied to EC differentiation from hiPSCs, resulting in an efficient and simplified endothelial differentiation approach. Here we created our own optimized and robust protocol for EC differentiation of hESCs and hiPSCs by generating the lineage-specific site-specific integration reporter cell lines, showing great potential to be applied in the fields such as trafficking gene and cell fate in vivo in preclinical animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqing Hu
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Miaojin Zhou
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jialun Pang
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mai Feng
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanchi Wang
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Hu
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Junya Zhao
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xionghao Liu
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lingqian Wu
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Desheng Liang
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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78
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Casal JI, Bartolomé RA. RGD cadherins and α2β1 integrin in cancer metastasis: A dangerous liaison. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1869:321-332. [PMID: 29673969 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We propose a new cadherin family classification comprising epithelial cadherins (cadherin 17 [CDH17], cadherin 16, VE-cadherin, cadherin 6 and cadherin 20) containing RGD motifs within their sequences. Expression of some RGD cadherins is associated with aggressive forms of cancer during the late stages of metastasis, and CDH17 and VE-cadherin have emerged as critical actors in cancer metastasis. After binding to α2β1 integrin, these cadherins promote integrin β1 activation, and thereby cell adhesion, invasion and proliferation, in liver and lung metastasis. Activation of α2β1 integrin provokes an affinity increase for type IV collagen, a major component of the basement membrane and a critical partner for cell anchoring in liver and other metastatic organs. Activation of α2β1 integrin by RGD motifs breaks an old paradigm of integrin classification and supports an important role of this integrin in cancer metastasis. Recently, synthetic peptides containing the RGD motif of CDH17 elicited highly specific and selective antibodies that block the ability of CDH17 RGD to activate α2β1 integrin. These monoclonal antibodies inhibit metastatic colonization in orthotopic mouse models of liver and lung metastasis for colorectal cancer and melanoma, respectively. Hopefully, blocking the cadherin RGD ligand capacity will give us control over the integrin activity in solid tumors metastasis, paving the way for development of new agents of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ignacio Casal
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28039 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rubén A Bartolomé
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28039 Madrid, Spain
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79
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Sun B, Zhang D, Zhao N, Zhao X. Epithelial-to-endothelial transition and cancer stem cells: two cornerstones of vasculogenic mimicry in malignant tumors. Oncotarget 2018; 8:30502-30510. [PMID: 27034014 PMCID: PMC5444760 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is a functional microcirculation pattern in malignant tumors accompanied by endothelium-dependent vessels and mosaic vessels. VM has been identified in more than 15 solid tumor types and is associated with poor differentiation, late clinical stage and poor prognosis. Classic anti-angiogenic agents do not target endothelium-dependent vessels and are not efficacious against tumors exhibiting VM. Further insight into the molecular signaling that triggers and promotes VM formation could improve anti-angiogenic therapeutics. Recent studies have shown that cancer stem cells (CSCs) and epithelium-to-endothelium transition (EET), a subtype of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), accelerate VM formation by stimulating tumor cell plasticity, remodeling the extracellular matrix (ECM) and connecting VM channels with host blood vessels. VM channel-lining cells originate from CSCs due to expression of EMT inducers such as Twist1, which promote EET and ECM remodeling. Hypoxia and high interstitial fluid pressure in the tumor microenvironment induce a specific type of cell death, linearly patterned programmed cell necrosis (LPPCN), which spatially guides VM and endothelium-dependent vessel networks. This review focuses on the roles of CSCs and EET in VM, and on possible novel anti-angiogenic strategies against alternative tumor vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baocun Sun
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Danfang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiulan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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80
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Mao XG, Wang C, Liu DY, Zhang X, Wang L, Yan M, Zhang W, Zhu J, Li ZC, Mi C, Tian JY, Hou GD, Miao SY, Song ZX, Li JC, Xue XY. Hypoxia upregulates HIG2 expression and contributes to bevacizumab resistance in glioblastoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:47808-47820. [PMID: 27329597 PMCID: PMC5216980 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia contributes to the maintenance of stem-like cells in glioblastoma (GBM), and activates vascular mimicry and tumor resistance to anti-angiogenesis treatments. The present study examined the expression patterns and biological significance of hypoxia-inducible protein 2 (HIG2, also known as HILPDA) in GBM. HIG2 was highly expressed in gliomas and was correlated with tumor grade, and high HIG2 expression independently predicted poor GBM patient prognosis. HIG2 was upregulated during hypoxia and by hypoxia mimics, and HIG2 knockdown in GBM cells inhibited cell proliferation and invasion. HIF1α bound to the HIG2 promoter and increased its expression in GBM cells, and HIG2 upregulated HIF1α expression. Reconstruction of a HIG2-related molecular network using bioinformatics methods revealed that HIG2 is closely correlated with angiogenesis genes, such as VEGFA, in GBM. HIG2 levels positively correlated with VEGFA in GBM samples. In addition, treatment of transplanted xenograft nude mice with bevacizumab (anti-angiogenesis therapy) resulted in HIG2 upregulation at late stages. We conclude that HIG2 is overexpressed in GBM and upregulated by hypoxia, and is a potential novel therapeutic target. HIG2 overexpression is an independent prognostic indicator and may promote tumor resistance to anti-angiogenesis treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Gang Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Ye Liu
- Northern Hospital, General Hospital of PLA Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Yan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Chao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Mi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Yang Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Dong Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Yu Miao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Xuan Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Cheng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yan Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
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81
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Chai R, Zhang K, Wang K, Li G, Huang R, Zhao Z, Liu Y, Chen J. A novel gene signature based on five glioblastoma stem-like cell relevant genes predicts the survival of primary glioblastoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2018; 144:439-447. [PMID: 29299749 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-017-2572-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Primary glioblastoma (pGBM) is the most common and lethal type of neoplasms in the central nervous system, while the existing biomarkers, lacking consideration on the stemness changes of GBM cells, are not specific enough to predict the complex prognosis respectively. We aimed to build a high-efficiency prediction gene signature related to GBM cell stemness and investigate its prognostic value in primary glioblastoma. METHODS Differentially expressed genes were screened in GSE23806 database. The selected genes were then verified by univariate Cox regression in 591 patients from four enormous independent databases, including the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), TCGA, REMBRANDT and GSE16011. Finally, the intersected genes were included to build the gene signature. GO analysis and GSEA were carried out to explore the bioinformatic implication. RESULTS The novel five-gene signature was used to identify high- and low-risk groups in the four databases, and the high-risk group showed notably poorer prognosis (P < 0.05). Gene ontology (GO) terms including "immune response", "apoptotic process", and "angiogenesis" were picked out by GO analysis and GSEA, which revealed that the gene signature was highly possibly related to the stemness of GSCs and predicting the prognosis of GBM effectively. CONCLUSION We built a gene signature with five glioblastoma stem-like cell (GSC) relevant genes, and predicted the survival in four independent databases effectively, which is possibly related to the stemness of GSCs in pGBM. Several GO terms were investigated to be correlated to the signature. The signature can predict the prognosis of glioblastoma efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruichao Chai
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, No. 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.,Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), Beijing, China
| | - Kenan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), Beijing, China
| | - Kuanyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), Beijing, China
| | - Guanzhang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), Beijing, China
| | - Ruoyu Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, No. 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.,Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), Beijing, China
| | - Yanwei Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), Beijing, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, No. 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China. .,Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), Beijing, China.
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82
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Irani S, Dehghan A. Expression of Vascular Endothelial-Cadherin in Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma: Role in Cancer Development. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2017; 7:301-307. [PMID: 29387612 PMCID: PMC5774049 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_323_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) accounts for 35% of all malignant salivary gland tumors. Previous investigations have shown that vasculogenic mimicry (VM) exists in many cancers which can be used as a prognostic factor of poor prognosis. Elevated expression level of vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin has been implicated in cancer neovascularization, growth, and progression. The current study aimed to study the presence of VE-cadherin in VM channels and tumor cells in different grades of MEC. Materials and Methods: A total of 63 MEC samples (21 samples in each grade) were collected from the archive of pathology department of Besat Educational Hospital, Hamadan, Iran, from 2002 to 2016. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to confirm the previous diagnosis. The specimens were then processed for immunohistochemistry analysis. Then, periodic acid–Schiff staining was performed. Analyses were conducted through SPSS software version 22.0 (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Chi-square test was used to examine the differences between categorical variables. Significance level was set at 0.05. Pearson's correlation was used to assess the co-localization of the marker. Results: A total of 63 samples (35 men; 55.6%, and 28 women; 44.4%) were used for immunohistochemical study. There were statistically significant differences between tumor grade and the expression levels of VE-cadherin (P = 0.000), between tumor grade and VM formation (P = 0.000), and also between tumor grade and microvessel density (MVD) (P = 0.000). Additionally, there was a strong positive correlation between tumor grade and VE-cadherin expression level (Pearson's r = 0.875, P < 0.000). Conclusions: Our results may disclose a definite relationship between VE-cadherin expression level, VM, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cells, and MVD in MEC samples. Thus, it is reasonable to suggest that VE-cadherin is related to angiogenesis and VM formation in MECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soussan Irani
- Department of Oral Pathology, Dental Research Centre, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Dental Faculty, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Arash Dehghan
- Department of Pathology, Besat Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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83
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Liu W, Lv C, Zhang B, Zhou Q, Cao Z. MicroRNA-27b functions as a new inhibitor of ovarian cancer-mediated vasculogenic mimicry through suppression of VE-cadherin expression. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 23:1019-1027. [PMID: 28396577 PMCID: PMC5473136 DOI: 10.1261/rna.059592.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Aggressive cancer cells gain robust tumor vascular mimicry (VM) capability that promotes tumor growth and metastasis. VE-cadherin is aberrantly overexpressed in vasculogenic cancer cells and regarded as a master gene of tumor VM. Although microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in modulating tumor angiogenesis and cancer metastasis, the miRNA that targets VE-cadherin expression in cancer cells to inhibit tumor cell-mediated VM is enigmatic. In this study, we found that miR-27b levels are negatively co-related to VE-cadherin expression in ovarian cancer cells and tumor cell-mediated VM, and demonstrated that miR-27b could bind to the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) of VE-cadherin mRNA. Overexpression of miR-27b in aggressive ovarian cancer cell lines Hey1B and ES2 significantly diminished intracellular VE-cadherin expression; convincingly, the inhibitory effect of miR-27b could be reversed by miR-27b specific inhibitor. Intriguingly, miR-27b not only effectively suppressed ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion, but also markedly inhibited formation of ovarian cancer cell-mediated capillary-like structures in vitro and suppressed generation of functional tumor blood vessels in mice. Together, our study suggests that miR-27b functions as a new inhibitor of ovarian cancer cell-mediated VM through suppression of VE-cadherin expression, providing a new potential drug candidate for antitumor VM and anti-ovarian cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenming Liu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province, and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Chunping Lv
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province, and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province, and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Quansheng Zhou
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province, and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Zhifei Cao
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biomedical Materials of Jiangsu Province, and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
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84
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Angara K, Borin TF, Arbab AS. Vascular Mimicry: A Novel Neovascularization Mechanism Driving Anti-Angiogenic Therapy (AAT) Resistance in Glioblastoma. Transl Oncol 2017; 10:650-660. [PMID: 28668763 PMCID: PMC5496207 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a hypervascular neoplasia of the central nervous system with an extremely high rate of mortality. Owing to its hypervascularity, anti-angiogenic therapies (AAT) have been used as an adjuvant to the traditional surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation. The benefits of AAT have been transient and the tumors were shown to relapse faster and demonstrated particularly high rates of AAT therapy resistance. Alternative neovascularization mechanisms were shown to be at work in these resilient tumors to counter the AAT therapy insult. Vascular Mimicry (VM) is the uncanny ability of tumor cells to acquire endothelial-like properties and lay down vascular patterned networks reminiscent of host endothelial blood vessels. The VM channels served as an irrigation system for the tumors to meet with the increasing metabolic and nutrient demands of the tumor in the event of the ensuing hypoxia resulting from AAT. In our previous studies, we have demonstrated that AAT accelerates VM in GBM. In this review, we will focus on the origins of VM, visualizing VM in AAT-treated tumors and the development of VM as a resistance mechanism to AAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Angara
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Thaiz F Borin
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Ali S Arbab
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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85
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Sun J, Sun B, Sun R, Zhu D, Zhao X, Zhang Y, Dong X, Che N, Li J, Liu F, Zhao N, Wang Y, Zhang D. HMGA2 promotes vasculogenic mimicry and tumor aggressiveness by upregulating Twist1 in gastric carcinoma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2229. [PMID: 28533522 PMCID: PMC5440402 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02494-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
High mobility group protein A2 (HMGA2) is a transcription factor that plays an important role in the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma (GC). The term vasculogenic mimicry (VM) refers to the unique ability of aggressive tumour cells to mimic the pattern of embryonic vasculogenic networks. However, the relationship between HMGA2 and VM formation remains unclear. In the present study, we examined concomitant HMGA2 expression and VM in 228 human GC samples and 4 GC cell lines. Our data indicate that HMGA2 is not only significantly associated with VM formation but also influences the prognosis of patients with gastric carcinoma. Overexpression of HMGA2 significantly increased cell motility, invasiveness, and VM formation both in vitro and in vivo. A luciferase reporter assay, Co-IP and ChIP demonstrated that HMGA2 induced the expression of Twist1 and VE-cadherin by binding to the Twist1 promoter. Moreover, we observed a decrease in VE-cadherin following Twist1 knockdown in cells overexpressing HMGA2. This study indicates that HMGA2 promotes VM in GC via Twist1-VE-cadherin signalling and influences the prognosis of patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junying Sun
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Baocun Sun
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China. .,Department of Pathology, Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China. .,Department of Pathology, Tianjin Cancer Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Ran Sun
- Department of Surgery, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Dongwang Zhu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xiulan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.,Department of Pathology, Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Cancer Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Xueyi Dong
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Na Che
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.,Department of Pathology, Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.,Department of Pathology, Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.,Department of Pathology, Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Cancer Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Danfang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.,Department of Pathology, Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
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86
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Delgado-Bellido D, Serrano-Saenz S, Fernández-Cortés M, Oliver FJ. Vasculogenic mimicry signaling revisited: focus on non-vascular VE-cadherin. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:65. [PMID: 28320399 PMCID: PMC5359927 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0631-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is a blood supply system independent of endothelial vessels in tumor cells from different origins. It reflects the plasticity of aggressive tumor cells that express vascular cell markers and line tumor vasculature. The presence of VM is associated with a high tumor grade, short survival, invasion and metastasis. Endothelial cells (ECs) express various members of the cadherin superfamily, in particular vascular endothelial (VE-) cadherin, which is the main adhesion receptor of endothelial adherent junctions. Aberrant extra-vascular expression of VE-cadherin has been observed in certain cancer types associated with VM. In this review we focus on non-endothelial VE-cadherin as a prominent factor involved in the acquisition of tubules-like structures by aggressive tumor cells and we summarize the specific signaling pathways, the association with trans-differentiation and stem-like phenotype and the therapeutic opportunities derived from the in-depth knowledge of the peculiarities of the biology of VE-cadherin and other key components of VM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - F Javier Oliver
- IPBLN, CSIC, CIBERONC, Granada, Spain. .,IPBLN, CSIC, Av. Conocimiento s/n, 18016, Granada, Spain.
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87
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Viollet C, Davis DA, Tekeste SS, Reczko M, Ziegelbauer JM, Pezzella F, Ragoussis J, Yarchoan R. RNA Sequencing Reveals that Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Infection Mimics Hypoxia Gene Expression Signature. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006143. [PMID: 28046107 PMCID: PMC5234848 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) causes several tumors and hyperproliferative disorders. Hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) activate latent and lytic KSHV genes, and several KSHV proteins increase the cellular levels of HIF. Here, we used RNA sequencing, qRT-PCR, Taqman assays, and pathway analysis to explore the miRNA and mRNA response of uninfected and KSHV-infected cells to hypoxia, to compare this with the genetic changes seen in chronic latent KSHV infection, and to explore the degree to which hypoxia and KSHV infection interact in modulating mRNA and miRNA expression. We found that the gene expression signatures for KSHV infection and hypoxia have a 34% overlap. Moreover, there were considerable similarities between the genes up-regulated by hypoxia in uninfected (SLK) and in KSHV-infected (SLKK) cells. hsa-miR-210, a HIF-target known to have pro-angiogenic and anti-apoptotic properties, was significantly up-regulated by both KSHV infection and hypoxia using Taqman assays. Interestingly, expression of KSHV-encoded miRNAs was not affected by hypoxia. These results demonstrate that KSHV harnesses a part of the hypoxic cellular response and that a substantial portion of hypoxia-induced changes in cellular gene expression are induced by KSHV infection. Therefore, targeting hypoxic pathways may be a useful way to develop therapeutic strategies for KSHV-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Viollet
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - David A. Davis
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Shewit S. Tekeste
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Martin Reczko
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Alexander Fleming Biomedical Sciences Research Center, Vari, Greece
| | - Joseph M. Ziegelbauer
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Francesco Pezzella
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jiannis Ragoussis
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, Alexander Fleming Biomedical Sciences Research Center, Vari, Greece
- McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Robert Yarchoan
- HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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88
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Zhao YD, Zhang QB, Chen H, Fei XF, Shen YT, Ji XY, Ma JW, Wang AD, Dong J, Lan Q, Huang Q. Research on human glioma stem cells in China. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:1918-1926. [PMID: 29239340 PMCID: PMC5745848 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.219055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on human glioma stem cells began early in the 21st century and since then has become a rapidly growing research field with the number of publications increasing year by year. The research conducted by our diverse group of investigators focused primarily on cell culture techniques, molecular regulation, signaling pathways, cancer treatment, the stem cell microenvironment and the cellular origin and function of glioma stem cells. In particular, we put forward our view that there are inverse or forward transformations among neural stem cells, glial cells and glioma stem cells in glioma tissues under certain conditions. Based on the background of the progress of international research on human glioma stem cells, we aim to share our progress and current findings of human glioma stem cell research in China with colleagues around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Dong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province; Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Quan-Bin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province; Shanghai 10th People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province; Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xi-Feng Fei
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province; Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Tian Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jia-Wei Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ai-Dong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qing Lan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Tumor Research Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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89
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Angara K, Rashid MH, Shankar A, Ara R, Iskander A, Borin TF, Jain M, Achyut BR, Arbab AS. Vascular mimicry in glioblastoma following anti-angiogenic and anti-20-HETE therapies. Histol Histopathol 2016; 32:917-928. [PMID: 27990624 DOI: 10.14670/hh-11-856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one hypervascular and hypoxic tumor known among solid tumors. Antiangiogenic therapeutics (AATs) have been tested as an adjuvant to normalize blood vessels and control abnormal vasculature. Evidence of relapse exemplified in the progressive tumor growth following AAT reflects development of resistance to AATs. Here, we identified that GBM following AAT (Vatalanib) acquired an alternate mechanism to support tumor growth, called vascular mimicry (VM). We observed that Vatalanib induced VM vessels are positive for periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) matrix but devoid of any endothelium on the inner side and lined by tumor cells on the outer-side. The PAS+ matrix is positive for basal laminae (laminin) indicating vascular structures. Vatalanib treated GBM displayed various stages of VM such as initiation (mosaic), sustenance, and full-blown VM. Mature VM structures contain red blood cells (RBC) and bear semblance to the functional blood vessel-like structures, which provide all growth factors to favor tumor growth. Vatalanib treatment significantly increased VM especially in the core of the tumor, where HIF-1α was highly expressed in tumor cells. VM vessels correlate with hypoxia and are characterized by co-localized MHC-1+ tumor and HIF-1α expression. Interestingly, 20-HETE synthesis inhibitor HET0016 significantly decreased GBM tumors through decreasing VM structures both at the core and at periphery of the tumors. In summary, AAT induced resistance characterized by VM is an alternative mechanism adopted by tumors to make functional vessels by transdifferentiation of tumor cells into endothelial-like cells to supply nutrients in the event of hypoxia. AAT induced VM is a potential therapeutic target of the novel formulation of HET0016. Our present study suggests that HET0016 has a potential to target therapeutic resistance and can be combined with other antitumor agents in preclinical and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Angara
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Mohammad H Rashid
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Adarsh Shankar
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Roxan Ara
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Asm Iskander
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Thaiz F Borin
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Meenu Jain
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Bhagelu R Achyut
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Ali S Arbab
- Laboratory of Tumor Angiogenesis, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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90
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Yi Y, Hsieh IY, Huang X, Li J, Zhao W. Glioblastoma Stem-Like Cells: Characteristics, Microenvironment, and Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:477. [PMID: 28003805 PMCID: PMC5141588 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), grade IV astrocytoma, is the most fatal malignant primary brain tumor. GBM contains functional subsets of cells called glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs), which are radioresistant and chemoresistant and eventually lead to tumor recurrence. Recent studies showed that GSCs reside in particular tumor niches that are necessary to support their behavior. To successfully eradicate GBM growth and recurrence, new strategies selectively targeting GSCs and/or their microenvironmental niche should be designed. In this regard, here we focus on elucidating the molecular mechanisms that govern these GSC properties and on understanding the mechanism of the microenvironmental signals within the tumor mass. Moreover, to overcome the blood–brain barrier, which represents a critical limitation of GBM treatments, a new drug delivery system should be developed. Nanoparticles can be easily modified by different methods to facilitate delivery efficiency of chemotherapeutics, to enhance the accumulation within the tumors, and to promote the capacity for targeting the GSCs. Therefore, nanotechnology has become the most promising approach to GSC-targeting therapy. Additionally, we discussed the future of nanotechnology-based targeted therapy and point out the disadvantages that should be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yi
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - I-Yun Hsieh
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojia Huang
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
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91
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Abstract
Pericytes are a heterogeneous population of cells located in the blood vessel wall. They were first identified in the 19th century by Rouget, however their biological role and potential for drug targeting have taken time to be recognised. Isolation of pericytes from several different tissues has allowed a better phenotypic and functional characterization. These findings revealed a tissue-specific, multi-functional group of cells with multilineage potential. Given this emerging evidence, pericytes have acquired specific roles in pathobiological events in vascular diseases. In this review article, we will provide a compelling overview of the main diseases in which pericytes are involved, from well-established mechanisms to the latest findings. Pericyte involvement in diabetes and cancer will be discussed extensively. In the last part of the article we will review therapeutic approaches for these diseases in light of the recently acquired knowledge. To unravel pericyte-related vascular pathobiological events is pivotal not only for more tailored treatments of disease but also to establish pericytes as a therapeutic tool.
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92
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Williamson SC, Metcalf RL, Trapani F, Mohan S, Antonello J, Abbott B, Leong HS, Chester CPE, Simms N, Polanski R, Nonaka D, Priest L, Fusi A, Carlsson F, Carlsson A, Hendrix MJC, Seftor REB, Seftor EA, Rothwell DG, Hughes A, Hicks J, Miller C, Kuhn P, Brady G, Simpson KL, Blackhall FH, Dive C. Vasculogenic mimicry in small cell lung cancer. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13322. [PMID: 27827359 PMCID: PMC5105195 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by prevalent circulating tumour cells (CTCs), early metastasis and poor prognosis. We show that SCLC patients (37/38) have rare CTC subpopulations co-expressing vascular endothelial-cadherin (VE-cadherin) and cytokeratins consistent with vasculogenic mimicry (VM), a process whereby tumour cells form 'endothelial-like' vessels. Single-cell genomic analysis reveals characteristic SCLC genomic changes in both VE-cadherin-positive and -negative CTCs. Higher levels of VM are associated with worse overall survival in 41 limited-stage patients' biopsies (P<0.025). VM vessels are also observed in 9/10 CTC patient-derived explants (CDX), where molecular analysis of fractionated VE-cadherin-positive cells uncovered copy-number alterations and mutated TP53, confirming human tumour origin. VE-cadherin is required for VM in NCI-H446 SCLC xenografts, where VM decreases tumour latency and, despite increased cisplatin intra-tumour delivery, decreases cisplatin efficacy. The functional significance of VM in SCLC suggests VM regulation may provide new targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart C. Williamson
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Robert L. Metcalf
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Francesca Trapani
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Sumitra Mohan
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Jenny Antonello
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Benjamin Abbott
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Hui Sun Leong
- Computational Biology Support Team, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Christopher P. E. Chester
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Nicole Simms
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Radoslaw Polanski
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Daisuke Nonaka
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Lynsey Priest
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Alberto Fusi
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Fredrika Carlsson
- University of Southern California Dornsife, Los Angeles, California 90089-3301, USA
| | - Anders Carlsson
- University of Southern California Dornsife, Los Angeles, California 90089-3301, USA
| | - Mary J. C. Hendrix
- Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Richard E. B. Seftor
- Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Elisabeth A. Seftor
- Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Dominic G. Rothwell
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Andrew Hughes
- The Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - James Hicks
- University of Southern California Dornsife, Los Angeles, California 90089-3301, USA
| | - Crispin Miller
- RNA Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Peter Kuhn
- University of Southern California Dornsife, Los Angeles, California 90089-3301, USA
| | - Ged Brady
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Kathryn L. Simpson
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Fiona H. Blackhall
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
- The Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
- Cancer Research UK, Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Caroline Dive
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
- Cancer Research UK, Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
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93
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Pulford E, Hocking A, Griggs K, McEvoy J, Bonder C, Henderson DW, Klebe S. Vasculogenic mimicry in malignant mesothelioma: an experimental and immunohistochemical analysis. Pathology 2016; 48:650-659. [PMID: 27956272 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Vasculogenic mimicry, the process in which cancer cells form angiomatoid structures independent of or in addition to host angiogenesis has been recorded in several otherwise non-endothelial malignant neoplasms. This study describes evidence of routine vascular mimicry by human mesothelioma cell lines in vitro, when the cell lines are cultured alone or co-cultured with human umbilical vascular endothelial cells, with the formation of angiomatoid tubular networks. Vasculogenic mimicry is also supported by immunohistochemical demonstration of human-specific anti-mitochondria antibody labelling of tumour-associated vasculature of human mesothelioma cells xenotransplanted into nude mice, and by evidence of vascular mimicry in some biopsy samples of human malignant mesotheliomas. These studies show mosaic interlacing of cells that co-label or label individually for immunohistochemical markers of endothelial and mesothelial differentiation. If vascular mimicry in mesothelioma can be characterised more fully, this may facilitate identification of more specific and targeted therapeutic approaches such as anti-angiogenesis in combination with chemotherapy and immunotherapy or other therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Pulford
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Ashleigh Hocking
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Kim Griggs
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - James McEvoy
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Claudine Bonder
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, SA Pathology, and School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Douglas W Henderson
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia; SA Pathology at Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Sonja Klebe
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia; SA Pathology at Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, Australia.
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94
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Association between Tumor Vasculogenic Mimicry and the Poor Prognosis of Gastric Cancer in China: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:2408645. [PMID: 27812528 PMCID: PMC5080470 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2408645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background. Vasculogenic mimicry can promote tumor growth and metastasis. This article is aimed at conducting a systematic meta-analysis to explore the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of vasculogenic mimicry and gastric cancer. Methods. We searched Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and the VIP and Wanfang Database for eligible studies. We manually searched for printed journals and relevant textbooks. Subgroups analyses were performed based on the region, manuscript quality, methods of vasculogenic mimicry identification, pathology, and number of patients. Results. Nine studies with 997 patients were included in this meta-analysis. A significant association was observed between vasculogenic mimicry-positive patients and those with gastric cancer with poor overall survival (hazard ratio = 2.24, 95% confidence interval: 1.45-3.47), poor pathological grading, high tumor node metastasis clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, deep tumor invasion, and distant metastasis. Conclusions. Vasculogenic mimicry is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer in China. Clinical studies with large samples are needed worldwide and standardized protocols should be adopted in the future to achieve a better understanding of the relationship between gastric cancer and vasculogenic mimicry.
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95
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Shao R, Taylor SL, Oh DS, Schwartz LM. Vascular heterogeneity and targeting: the role of YKL-40 in glioblastoma vascularization. Oncotarget 2016; 6:40507-18. [PMID: 26439689 PMCID: PMC4747349 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant glioblastomas (GBM) are highly malignant brain tumors that have extensive and aberrant tumor vasculature, including multiple types of vessels. This review focuses on recent discoveries that the angiogenic factor YKL-40 (CHI3L1) acts on glioblastoma-stem like cells (GSCs) to drive the formation of two major forms of tumor vascularization: angiogenesis and vasculogenic mimicry (VM). GSCs possess multipotent cells able to transdifferentiate into vascular pericytes or smooth muscle cells (PC/SMCs) that either coordinate with endothelial cells (ECs) to facilitate angiogenesis or assemble in the absence of ECs to form blood-perfused channels via VM. GBMs express high levels of YKL-40 that drives the divergent signaling cascades to mediate the formation of these distinct microvascular circulations. Although a variety of anti-tumor agents that target angiogenesis have demonstrated transient benefits for patients, they often fail to restrict tumor growth, which underscores the need for additional therapeutic tools. We propose that targeting YKL-40 may compliment conventional anti-angiogenic therapies to provide a substantial clinical benefit to patients with GBM and several other types of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Shao
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Morrill Science Center, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Sherry L Taylor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dennis S Oh
- Department of Surgery, Baystate Medical Center, Tufts University, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Lawrence M Schwartz
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Morrill Science Center, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
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96
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Ping YF, Zhang X, Bian XW. Cancer stem cells and their vascular niche: Do they benefit from each other? Cancer Lett 2016; 380:561-567. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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97
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Turaga SM, Lathia JD. Adhering towards tumorigenicity: altered adhesion mechanisms in glioblastoma cancer stem cells. CNS Oncol 2016; 5:251-9. [PMID: 27616054 DOI: 10.2217/cns-2016-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive malignant primary brain tumor in adults with a high recurrence and mortality rate. GBM tumors contain a high degree of cellular heterogeneity, with cells exhibiting stem-like properties (cancer stem cells; CSCs) that are highly efficient at tumor initiation and are resistant to conventional therapies. CSCs interact with their tumor microenvironment by a large group of diverse cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that participate in intercellular, intracellular and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. Despite the initial description of CAMs as tumor suppressors, recent work has highlighted specific CAMs that are essential for CSC maintenance and tumor progression. This review will highlight recent findings that provide support for a context-specific role of CAMs in CSC function and GBM progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya M Turaga
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.,Department of Biological, Geological, & Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA
| | - Justin D Lathia
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.,Department of Biological, Geological, & Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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98
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Inhibition of fatty acid synthase suppresses neovascularization via regulating the expression of VEGF-A in glioma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 142:2447-2459. [PMID: 27601165 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2249-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fatty acids (FAs) are essential for membrane lipids biosynthesis and energy consumption in cancer cells. De novo FAs synthesis is catalyzed by fatty acid synthase (FASN), which is overexpressed and correlates with histological grade in glioma. Herein, we focused on the role of FASN in glioma neovascularization. METHODS The expression levels of FASN, Ki67 and CD34 were determined using immunohistochemistry (IHC). FASN specific-targeted shRNA and C75 were applied to evaluate the influence of FASN on glioma stem cell proliferation, migration and tube formation ability in vitro. An intracranial glioma model was established to study the effects of FASN on tumor growth and neovascularization in vivo. RESULTS IHC staining showed that the expression level of FASN correlated with tumor grade, Ki67 levels and microvessels density (MVD) in human gliomas. Inhibition of FASN using shRNAs or C75 decreased tumor growth, prolonged the overall survival of xenograft mice and decreased MVD in brain tumor sections. Moreover, inhibition of FASN blocked hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)/vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) signaling and upregulated the anti-angiogenic isoform-VEGF165b. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that FASN plays a pivotal role in glioma neovascularization, and inhibition of FASN may be a potential target for anti-angiogenic therapy for glioma.
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99
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Higuchi K, Inokuchi M, Takagi Y, Ishikawa T, Otsuki S, Uetake H, Kojima K, Kawano T. Cadherin 5 expression correlates with poor survival in human gastric cancer. J Clin Pathol 2016; 70:217-221. [PMID: 27466381 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2016-203640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Although expressed in tumour cells of various malignancies, cadherin 5 (CDH5), also known as vascular endothelial cadherin, plays an important role in homotypic cell-cell adhesion among epithelial cells. However, the clinical significance of CDH5 expression in gastric cancer has not been sufficiently demonstrated. In this study, CDH5 expression in gastric cancer was evaluated and the correlations between CDH5 expression and the clinicopathological features and outcomes of the disease were examined. METHODS Differentiated-type gastric adenocarcinomas obtained from 102 patients who underwent gastrectomy were analysed. CDH5 expression was assessed by immunohistochemical staining of the membranes of the cancer cells. RESULTS High CDH5 expression was significantly associated with the following clinicopathological variables related to tumour progression: depth of invasion (p=0.012), venous invasion (p=0.013), lymphatic invasion (p=0.001), metastatic lymph nodes (p=0.009), pathological stage (p=0.008) and distant metastasis or recurrent disease (p=0.009). Patients with high CDH5 expression had significantly poorer disease-specific survival (p=0.021), although CDH5 was not determined to be an independent prognostic factor by multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS CDH5 may play a key role in the progression or metastasis of differentiated-type gastric cancer and serve as a target for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Higuchi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mikito Inokuchi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Takagi
- Department of Surgical Specialties, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Ishikawa
- Department of Surgical Specialties, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Otsuki
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Uetake
- Department of Surgical Specialties, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kojima
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuyuki Kawano
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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100
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Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation Enhances Expression of Cadherin-5 in Lung Cancer Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158395. [PMID: 27362942 PMCID: PMC4928829 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation has been shown to play a critical role in tumor angiogenesis. In this study, we investigate the correlation between EGFR mutations and cadherin-5 (CDH5), which is an angiogenic factor, in lung cancer cells. Increased expression CDH5 is observed in lung cancer cells with EGFR mutations. Stable lung cancer cell lines expressing mutant (exon 19 deletion E746-A750, and exon 21 missense mutation L858R) and wild type EGFR genes are established. A significantly higher expression of CDH5 is observed in exon 19 deletion stable lung cancer cells and mouse xenografts. Further studies show that expression of CDH5 is decreased after the inhibition of EGFR and downstream Akt pathways in lung cancer cells with EGFR mutation. In addition, mutant EGFR genes potentiates angiogenesis in lung cancer cells, which is inhibited by CDH5 siRNA, and potentiates migration and invasion in lung cancer cells. Our study shows that mutant EGFR genes are associated with overexpression of CDH5 through increased phosphorylation of EGFR and downstream Akt pathways. Our result may provide an insight into the association of mutant EGFR and CDH5 expression in lung cancer and aid further development of target therapy for NSCLC in the future.
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